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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-3-276" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" ModsDocID="2032-3921-156-3-276" checkinTime="1693470036859" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rasaminirina, Fitiavana & Larridon, Isabel" docDate="2023" docId="D35EBBBEF5FA5D76B6389B2B798A4509" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 156(3): 276-310" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3)" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" docTitle="Rhynchospora Vahl (Vahl 1805, nom. cons." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" masterDocTitle="The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="276" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1693470036859" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CB0DF0E87FADEF6C99E97ECB352A7B65">
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<mods:title id="52E40AF49AF327220E4702BE2337F7EA">The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D8C06B4276D394FCE6182987961EC023">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="106AC0BBB83BCEB8F4D081DCC983CCBE">Rasaminirina, Fitiavana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="55A3683953F0902A5CB805A1A1BF704D">University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5B2089D959B8C7934F23E91B716EE2E7">Larridon, Isabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0889E3F49521AA245E6BABC68A498F51">Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo, Madagascar & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5534CA8B808118EE3B1B74FF9A40AA88" type="email">i.larridon@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="44190E90954ADB87AA450693B8C97754">Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="31FBB76907CA60A17B81AEECD03628A1">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D4A2B0703F55A5C2DDED29761BC2EEC5">156</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="65B9A7C9D744B4F799D4511A4B3DBFD0">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="816FDE3BF71B9DB7A380CE1E9C1ADD9F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="080DA7DA43C9551D87FA21768C6A064F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D35EBBBEF5FA5D76B6389B2B798A4509" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D35EBBBEF5FA5D76B6389B2B798A4509" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D35EBBBEF5FA5D76B6389B2B798A4509" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<subSubSection id="E15CEBFA281DC0823D322AFA95F6B06B" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="432147139E3F396C6B6C74C030E6AFC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="138C607BF9353FE319F911714CA8F032" LSID="D35EBBBE-F5FA-5D76-B638-9B2B798A4509" authority="Vahl (Vahl 1805: 229)" authorityName="Vahl (Vahl" authorityYear="1805" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="nom. cons.">Rhynchospora Vahl (Vahl 1805: 229)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="4F61965E1B626C2544863C91411B6715" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">nom. cons.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B279DB0CE3FF7942CB531756E1FF591C" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="0A736902A2F4AB79F9F5FA33A0994D46" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="43F62A9EFADA2A981ACDC7838006E606" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="07E86CA4A62C50FA315F1201CAD032D4" authorityName="Vahl" authorityYear="1805" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora alba" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">
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<emphasis id="FBD4F8B2E948FF596D073FD6138D1401" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora alba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Vahl
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="789FF130CD0765CA7A00DAE49273E107" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E2473B3257FB2213407BF32D1545953E" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Description of the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2568B74953F818C8651FC78B37A321CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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Usually small to medium-sized perennials, rarely annuals; rhizomatous or with a poorly developed root system. Culms scapose or with 1-many nodes, rounded to trigonous. Leaves radical or radical and cauline; sheaths closed, ligule minute or absent. Involucral bracts leaf-like or reduced. Inflorescence very variable, paniculate, corymbose, anthelate or capitate, rarely pseudolateral. Glumes spirally arranged (rarely distichous), of increasing length to subequal, larger (1-)2-few glume(s) subtending a floret, enclosed by the wings of the next glume. Florets bisexual, the lowest few sterile and/or upper staminate (variable with species). Perianth bristles usually 3-6, or absent. Stamens (1-2-)3, inconspicuous. Style 2-fid, with base persistent (tubercle). Nutlets usually lenticular to globose. Embryo top-shaped in frontal view, root cap developed in a (sub)basal position, and first leaf primordium developed in a lateral position (
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<taxonomicName id="84162F6D3E353187B922CE8605D43C31" authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9C816A5D061EF3287EF4F45EBBE17DAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Carex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-type embryo).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2F2986143DCD12653F04CFFEADF13796" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="0A717D02F343F494DE374704E709EC35" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C859C5FECF1029CF8DF60DAA94502918" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="D12FB594C8EA994CA84F31C88D31E455" authorityName="Vahl (Vahl" authorityYear="1805" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A7CBEA70BBE8D402396B5081F30DBCF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a cosmopolitan genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="0DEA120FF1ACF9F2F4134C1CF0EBBBE5" author="Persoon, CH" journalOrPublisher="3 e Aufl. O. R. Reisland, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B39" refString="2022. . http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2022">POWO 2022</bibRefCitation>
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). It grows in seasonally wet to permanently flooded grassland, laterite outcrops, lake shores, stream sides, swamps, rice fields (
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<bibRefCitation id="7C7082D9B0BA15B59F50E0306176EC87" author="Browning, J" journalOrPublisher="Appendix 5. J. Murray, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" refId="B8" refString="Browning, J, Goetghebeur, P, 2017. Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1-103." title="Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1 - 103." year="2017">Browning and Goetghebeur 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="32CB3C44A5EB74F40B03F9DCD7D9A694" authorityName="Vahl (Vahl" authorityYear="1805" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AFB921639D4C5F3A9C074DF25CD4826B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs throughout Madagascar; ten species are known including e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="A0B0EEEEF0E4F7354DFC1E4941BD3A2E" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora holoschoenoides" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holoschoenoides">
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<emphasis id="F5BD284B98691DC28A5BC44CEEC474F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora holoschoenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Rich.) Herter (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="CA4F67ED743068BCFE866FA1684926E8" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Rhynchospora holoschoenoides. A - B. Habit. C. Leaf sheath. D. Leaf apex. E. Inflorescence. F. Head of spikelets. G - H. Spikelet, complete and opened to show florets. I. Glume, lateral view. J. Nutlet. A-D from Robinson 6123; E, G, I from Robinson 1048; F from Robinson 1456; J from Renvoize 5598. Scale bars: A = 250 mm; B, E = 40 mm; C, F = 5 mm; G-I = 2 mm; D, J = 1 mm. Drawn by Jane Browning, reproduced with permission from the artist, originally published in Browning et al. (2020)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898162" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">11</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="8B0DF5074FAD871FD77E29BDD4F3239D" authorityName="Turrill" authorityYear="1914" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora angolensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angolensis">
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<emphasis id="62C3DF80A54032E7F97F568D0C8D9369" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora angolensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Turrill (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E98013598234D906952006A834EBEFDE" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A. Rhynchospora angolensis; photo taken in the Itremo Massif Protected Area by Fitiavana. Rasaminirina. B. Carex sp.; photo taken in the Mantadia National Park by Vida. Svahnstrom." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898163" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">12A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F8D68EDB565BAF5C4C6F3327669DB57B" doi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898162" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph id="09FAB582374F4DAEF7C202FE2CFF10A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="7BF0D51382C5375F3ACB109C8941E82C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="46B5309C9EB20FD4B4972DE5ABF76CE7" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchospora holoschoenoides" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holoschoenoides">
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<emphasis id="BE6EBDC00D8634B0EB643DDF41CD6EC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Rhynchospora holoschoenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="F7274A127F99FDD3987E2EFF1EC4B961" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">A</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis id="2D38A7733F71039EB38A3E9A599CA69B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">B</emphasis>
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. Habit.
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<emphasis id="D23B3603C02F8EFF1CECB7F28FAC6C9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">C</emphasis>
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. Leaf sheath.
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<emphasis id="E81DBB00068FA381EA38A7B2886285BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">D</emphasis>
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. Leaf apex.
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<emphasis id="407371D555121A8A6D0F5596DE47385A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">E</emphasis>
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. Inflorescence.
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<emphasis id="09B74B781F5CCE8B8A075A77E9303029" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">F</emphasis>
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. Head of spikelets.
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<emphasis id="F06D85B65D476C61800F3E9FF9DB123A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">G</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis id="92BC1E0A6EDA95B5EE938AF9C0BC42D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">H</emphasis>
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. Spikelet, complete and opened to show florets.
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<emphasis id="7E60C3CBFD87B982B5DA1C2068FA3267" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">I</emphasis>
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. Glume, lateral view.
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<emphasis id="51FCD5C4AA64CA278258B27A47FC2D08" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">J</emphasis>
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. Nutlet. A-D from
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<emphasis id="E447A78FE443C2A770E42ECD00F4D644" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Robinson 6123</emphasis>
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; E, G, I from
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<emphasis id="8489C338F3D0BEF03F23A70CA34E314E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Robinson 1048</emphasis>
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; F from
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<emphasis id="815C1C042727455CE882833D99FA53C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Robinson 1456</emphasis>
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; J from
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<emphasis id="23C12F6C098841B665971EB838DBA777" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Renvoize 5598</emphasis>
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. Scale bars: A = 250 mm; B, E = 40 mm; C, F = 5 mm; G-I = 2 mm; D, J = 1 mm. Drawn by Jane Browning, reproduced with permission from the artist, originally published in
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<bibRefCitation id="35E4E19CBF0D1C7D80D3FE2F54F9EE52" author="Browning, J" editor="Garcia, MA" journalOrPublisher="14. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" pagination="1 - 455" refId="B9" refString="Browning, J, Gordon-Gray, KD, Lock, M, Beentje, H, Vollesen, K, Bauters, K, Archer, C, Larridon, I, Xanthos, M, Vorster, P, Bruhl, JJ, Wilson, KL, Zhang, X, 2020. Cyperaceae. In: Garcia, MA, Timberlake, JR, Eds., Flora Zambesiaca, vol. 14. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond: 1 - 455" title="Cyperaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Zambesiaca, vol." year="2020">Browning et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||||
</treatment>
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||||
</document>
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