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<mods:title id="49665FF7FD310ED8DC09185D344C9AEC">Formiche di Madagascar raccolte dal Sig. A. Mocquerys nei pressi della Baia di Antongil (1897 - 1898).</mods:title>
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<treatment id="DF934F99CDA2FA7981E577EBAE1BFDA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6292025" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100131117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6292025" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF934F99CDA2FA7981E577EBAE1BFDA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF934F99CDA2FA7981E577EBAE1BFDA0" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="4" pageNumber="267">
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<taxonomicName id="EFBEFE019E9DC9723F8593196B559C4F" ID-CoL="73T4H" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:32757" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium oberthueri Forel" lsidName-HNS="Mystrium oberthueri Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oberthueri">
<pageBreakToken id="F2A537EDE8925CDF50C72EAD04815C04" pageId="4" pageNumber="267" start="start">M</pageBreakToken>
. Oberthueri
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For.
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<paragraph id="EF0731DB608A1BF09AC9F276B849E8BB" pageId="4" pageNumber="267">
Il Sig. Mocquerys ha raccolto una [[ worker ]] di questa specie e un [[ male ]] che credo dovere riferire alla medesima. Differisce dal [[ male ]] di
<taxonomicName id="CF78153235F0F43A08335416EDE7FA48" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:32756" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mysticum Roger" lsidName-HNS="Mystrium mysticum Roger" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticum">M. mysticum</taxonomicName>
per i punti seguenti: la grandezza minore, il torace piu largo, le antenne molto piu corte, col 2. ° articolo (1. ° del funicolo) brevissimo, piu corto che largo, lo scapo che non raggiunge il livello dell'ocello impari, le ali piu chiare e particolarmente la scultura. Le fossette piligere sono piu stipate che nel
<taxonomicName id="DFE9B57A7E9D83A5B54EA66DB7BA0DDE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:32756" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mysticum Roger" lsidName-HNS="Mystrium mysticum Roger" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticum">M. mysticum</taxonomicName>
sul capo e sul torace; su tutti i segmenti dorsali e ventrali dell'addome, serbano l'aspetto di buchi tondi e profondi, opachi, mentre nel
<taxonomicName id="2B453FF5AA1A986FFD9D63A6FBF3600C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:32756" authority="sono" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mystrium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mystrium mysticum Roger" lsidName-HNS="Mystrium mysticum Roger" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mysticum">M. mysticum sono</taxonomicName>
ridotti su questa parte del corpo a infossature superficiali, appena sensibili sui segmenti posteriori. Il clipeo, fittamente coperto di fossette, ha il margine distintamente dentellato. L'addome e strozzato dietro ciascun segmento. Sul torace, le linee parassidiali sono marcate.
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L. 7 mm. Antenne circa 3 mm. (nel
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[[ male ]], le antenne misurano oltre 4 mm.).
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<taxonomicName id="5CCF266AEDE4F62C75B6BC8472766A9C" ID-CoL="TS92" LSID="DF93B780-1855-5387-A853-22CFA263659F" authority="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan, 1978" authorityName="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus boldyrevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boldyrevi">Cheiloneurus boldyrevi Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan, 1978</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="8DAC10D1B87484EF22C82D1FDD6EBD9B" captionStart="Figures 1–9" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 9. 1 - 3 Cheiloneurus axillaris ♀ 1 dorsal habitus 2 lateral habitus 3 ventral habitus 4 - 6 Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 4 dorsal habitus 5 lateral habitus 6 ventral habitus 7 - 9 Cheiloneurus bouceki ♀ 7 dorsal habitus 8 lateral habitus 9 ventral habitus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures1-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031771" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Figs 4-6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1CC9FD2665AD38D753D1E0F41F9A70E3" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">, 10-16</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="35135A7D58AF28456267CAE6CDF84C5A" authorityName="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus boldyrevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boldyrevi">Cheiloneurus boldyrevi</taxonomicName>
Trjapitzin and Agekyan, in
<bibRefCitation id="B887FF38AF7AEBCE9CD79C62A396E1FB" author="Trjapitzin, VA" journalOrPublisher="Opredeliteli Nasekomykh Evropeyskoy Chasti SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="236 - 328" refId="B28" refString="Trjapitzin, VA, 1978. Hymenoptera II. Chalcidoidea 7. Encyrtidae. Opredeliteli Nasekomykh Evropeyskoy Chasti SSR 3: 236 - 328" title="Hymenoptera II. Chalcidoidea 7. Encyrtidae." volume="3" year="1978">Trjapitzin 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 309-310. Holotype ♀, ZISP, Russia, not examined.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="DF83763626A55FE49E3E8B08253AF2E8" authorityName="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus boldyrevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boldyrevi">Cheiloneurus boldyrevi</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="454F76D37651C12E37B67D840ABDA8E2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="305 - 317" refId="B8" refString="Guerrieri, E, Viggiani, G, 2005. A review of the encyrtid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) with description of a new species of Cheiloneurus. Systematics and Biodiversity 2 (3): 305 - 317, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" title="A review of the encyrtid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) with description of a new species of Cheiloneurus." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" volume="2" year="2005">Guerrieri and Viggiani 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 312-313.
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<paragraph id="80A064C25DDB892CF64922CBB083AA34" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="CE490C5FC8AD2285B90E144238C93173" authorityName="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus boldyrevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boldyrevi">Cheiloneurus boldyrevi</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FA8A18AC3F309EF92D95CB95B65481CB" author="Japoshvili, G" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="345 - 401" refId="B14" refString="Japoshvili, G, Higashiura, Y, Kamitani, S, 2016. A review of Japanese Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera), with descriptions of new species, new records and comments on the types described by Japanese authors. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis 56 (1): 345 - 401" title="A review of Japanese Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera), with descriptions of new species, new records and comments on the types described by Japanese authors." volume="56" year="2016">Japoshvili et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 367.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25AAF5259D12587164E922C3B703B4AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5C1692E718B7C8FAA5648A1A0DF46AF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1FB4A8FE04A3D47E520314E153948B3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<materialsCitation id="73A624447283190BED41B0192D4E41AD" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" country="China" location="China" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry id="DFFDA846A77E3DFA0D1FF4D3641B6F3F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
- Tianjin •
<specimenCount id="80BCA094F54250737CFCF766B8AF8CE1" count="1" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
; Xiqing
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="7EE256708C1E577CD8CEB6BC6195A56D" collectingDate="2023-06-12" collectingDateMax="2023-06-30" collectingDateMin="2023-06-12" collectorName="Hai-Yang Wang, Cao, Malaise" country="Tianjin" elevation="13" latitude="39.089165" location="Agricultural University" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="117.093895" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="A3A1E63CC2E3B42B8B3BC81BF467473B" name="China">Tianjin</collectingCountry>
<location id="D793BC4BA3BA74BB8D84FFA8FA0FA930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DF93B78018555387A85322CFA263659F:D793BC4BA3BA74BB8D84FFA8FA0FA930" country="Tianjin" latitude="39.089165" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="117.093895" name="Agricultural University">Agricultural University</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="A03AA82F3C76A5EAE834B57A42EADB5C" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="39.089165">39°5'21&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F47F8299EF2FE6FED9F074EB9FF523AF" degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="5" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="117.093895">117°5'38&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="A1F48F0FB1261A8DB8B7223CFD95F6F2" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="13.0">
<elevation id="C6B5D8B9E46C0368698AD7F8B23DD16E" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<collectingDate id="E9A081C973C20D9EDFDFBF9C47976890" value="2023-06-12" valueMax="2023-06-30" valueMin="2023-06-12">12-30 Jun. 2023</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="9D4B03EB8C7E17A842BC38FE6F757144">Hai-Yang Wang</collectorName>
, Xin-Yu
<collectorName id="1DC5A5E024DE582DF94BB54AC9A801A9">Cao</collectorName>
leg.; by
<collectorName id="0A1D3323FD628BF1F5A8CB0A78934E37">Malaise</collectorName>
trapping; TJAU-TJ-CHE-001
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="717ABB7DCB16641BE18E3FBF46CC8B81" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="description">
<paragraph id="027987F343E096867FACF7DC4FE5BBB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5263B4F2F3C89DE3AE0577D2E20BCDED" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
Length, excluding ovipositor, 2.88 mm. Head generally brown; gena with metallic-green luster; antennal scape orange, pedicel and F1-F2 brown, F3 brown with whitish spot in the upper corner of the fore margin, F4-F6 white, clava black, apex paler; basal half of pronotum dark brown and apical half orange, mesoscutum dark brown with metallic-green luster, axilla and scutellum orange, propodeum black, legs orange, fore coxa and basal half of femur, mid basal half of femur, hind coxa, base and apex of tibia whitish. Frontovertex 0.19
<normalizedToken id="55B9A4450BEAC5D1DEEFED1E671A0472" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
head width; eye height 2.06
<normalizedToken id="F47A51B65409E8E5FCB414E90250405D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
malar space (Fig.
<figureCitation id="246A1A4883AB90BBD9296C4357E204BD" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">10</figureCitation>
); antennal scape 4.14
<normalizedToken id="F454D1525CC678B970CD787F5AA78B36" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; pedicel 2.22
<normalizedToken id="C27DDEEFCC44ECA126CF2ACCE517AAD4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide and longer than F1, funicle 6-segmented, F1-F3 and F5 longer than width, F4 subquadrate, F6 wider than long; clava 3-segmented, 2.26
<normalizedToken id="F788883152760ACCB76E8340A49CDBE1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as width, longer than F4-F6 combined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="04A21A2C4986607F89E950CF5A65BC52" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">11</figureCitation>
); fore wing 3.33
<normalizedToken id="B0CB01242C8B9F80EEF0130EC5A5F1B8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; linea calva not interrupted and open posteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9048802CB7D9C7C6722D3DD16C9390BF" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">13</figureCitation>
); ovipositor (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A2450A73BFB2821393EF4469C9EB6266" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">15</figureCitation>
) 1.36
<normalizedToken id="C4347C3DB327EA03D164538540D6957F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as mid tibia (Fig.
<figureCitation id="219E1AC7941D0E5930AD0A39F8281AD4" captionStart="Figures 10–16" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10 - 16. Cheiloneurus boldyrevi ♀ 10 head 11 antenna 12 mesosoma 13 fore wing 14 hind wing 15 metasoma 16 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">16</figureCitation>
), distinctly exserted.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3F4592241C2DEBD90A0E29EE085EC8E7" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944.figures10-16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1031772" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" start="Figures 10–16" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="7AA996E89AF071AEEED944B55DCE4C97" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="0570F4506E7353BC7212EB2F8E530E30" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Figures 10-16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AFE0E8353AD76280E7F3B5637D9EC7B5" authorityName="Trjapitzin &amp; Agekyan" authorityYear="1978" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Cheiloneurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiloneurus boldyrevi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boldyrevi">
<emphasis id="5EECF483F43BDDB573FCD3DBA24002D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Cheiloneurus boldyrevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♀
<emphasis id="71FD8AB317A33701DCBFF4AB0C83A87F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">10</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="168DF4482FF10345D152B2FDE2DE96D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">11</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="3E1870A770D170B620543F2855D01675" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">12</emphasis>
mesosoma
<emphasis id="C866D5662CBF0762EC8ACAC3671320B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">13</emphasis>
fore wing
<emphasis id="C45348D16C165A962E00EE81A46B6555" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">14</emphasis>
hind wing
<emphasis id="E914E8ED435FC978765C37D6E3E7A9B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">15</emphasis>
metasoma
<emphasis id="05ED61D0B064C14F0EF21BAB4390D348" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">16</emphasis>
legs. Scale bars: 100
<normalizedToken id="DCFB64C400E61834679AFCCBB0555A6E" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6C3526D8B985A813B9FBD7B178FD35D" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="host">
<paragraph id="4F35613D9076956904B7E055FB299A34" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B920EC655CE530712991C579AA35F069" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="F6C353368CCC0D3FC475B2A2A1D39538" genus="Dryinidae" lsidName="Dryinidae" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" rank="genus">Dryinidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="DBD1E748842A5B188950AAA3CD472653" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Neodryinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neodryinus typhlocybae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typhlocybae">
<emphasis id="949C04DF90BE6673355555FA874179E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Neodryinus typhlocybae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="551913C8A6F9452FB64720E33B2384AA" class="Hexapoda" family="Syrphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="E455CD1B1D24712D94E3EE9B56468C9F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12C2EAF54ADDE4AF5187053E1C51A620" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Paragus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="D2D09BB8443D5DFC9B15FBAD01CB3D1B" class="Hexapoda" family="Syrphidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Syrphidae</taxonomicName>
sp.;
<taxonomicName id="B7756B5A1D5ABCB5EF50D6E0078EC4EB" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1839" class="Hexapoda" family="Flatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Flatidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="AA7E7EB134BE2391CCFFD5F18EC58C78" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" class="Insecta" family="Flatidae" genus="Metcalfa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metcalfa pruinose" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinose">
<emphasis id="061069229CBDFF13665CBB2D3FE71C1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Metcalfa pruinose</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2D2B987407D1FFEE5546A47C1CCCB337" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" author="Guerrieri, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" pagination="305 - 317" refId="B8" refString="Guerrieri, E, Viggiani, G, 2005. A review of the encyrtid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) with description of a new species of Cheiloneurus. Systematics and Biodiversity 2 (3): 305 - 317, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" title="A review of the encyrtid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) with description of a new species of Cheiloneurus." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200004001537" volume="2" year="2005">Guerrieri and Viggiani 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69FB0C07FEE25178771B125E191C7926" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6F7607A36360C35333406449D5061ECE" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F7C4BB08BAED463567AE18A503417D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">China (Tianjin), Armenia, Bulgaria, France, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Tadzhikistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBF11D3FCDE225AAB06F3D87E7C1AB28" pageId="0" pageNumber="143" type="comments">
<paragraph id="428A3F23E2680E0877F239FA6F7A2020" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B882E2C437CDA093D8AFA2490BFB6C09" pageId="0" pageNumber="143">This is the first record from China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

311
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
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<mods:title>Two new species of Brueelia Keler, 1936 (Ischnocera, Philopteridae) parasitic on Neotropical trogons (Aves, Trogoniformes)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Valim, Michel P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Weckstein, Jason D.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3501205" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152030667" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3501205" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5EF8725E-FAE3-4B43-B4F0-2EC82E090B62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF93E584AB098A263CEE5D410DA5A925" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5EF8725E-FAE3-4B43-B4F0-2EC82E090B62" authority="Valim &amp; Weckstein" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi Valim &amp; Weckstein</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 7
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1215–">-1215-</normalizedToken>
16
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type host">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type host:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
Linnaeus, 1766 - White-tailed Trogon
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The shape of the anterior ventral plate is unique in this species (Figs 15-16). It is morphologically close to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia insolita" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">Brueelia insolita</taxonomicName>
by the thickness of the temporal carina and by the presence of setae on the mesosternal plate; but they can be distinguished by the shape of the anterior ventral plate. The males of this species can be distinguished by the distinct genital architecture and by the presence of two long setae on tergite IX+X (only one in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia insolita" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insolita">Brueelia insolita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia sueta" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sueta">Brueelia sueta</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). In females, the presence of postspiracular setae on segment IV; the chaetotaxy of vulvar margin; and lacking of the notch on vulvar margin are the most distinctive characters. This species can be promptly distinguished from the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia sueta" order="Psocodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sueta">Brueelia sueta</taxonomicName>
sp. n. by the thickness of the temporal carina, genitalia and tergal chaetotaxy in males; and by the presence of postspiracular setae on tergite IV and vulvar chaetotaxy in females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Habitus as in fig. 7. Body pigmentation uniform, all plates barely yellowish in color. Head oval shaped, slightly longer than wide. Hyaline margin indistinguishable; anterior dorsal head plate not completely surrounded by the dorsal preantennal suture. Preantennal margin slightly convex; marginal carina thickened with its inner margin sinuate (Figs 15-16). Tracks of cybarial muscles practically indistinct. Frontoclypeal suture with its nodal area well defined. Tracks of insertion of the mandibular adductor muscles faintly marked. Gular plate well pigmented with a broad rhombic silhouette. Temples more rounded; temporal carina pigmented and thinner, with its inner margin only superficially sinuate (Fig. 9); eye distinct from the temporal carina (Fig. 9). Pterothorax with 5-6 marginal setae on each side; pterothoracic apodeme well developed, not reaching the lateral margin of the pterothorax. Mesosternal and metasternal plates not fused, both slightly longer than wide and bearing two long setae each. Abdomen with tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–VIII">II-VIII</normalizedToken>
lightly and uniformly pigmented. Tergal chaetotaxy: postspiracular long on
<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–VIII">IV-VIII</normalizedToken>
; one small accessory setae on
<normalizedToken originalValue="V–VIII">V-VIII</normalizedToken>
(atypical specimens lack this seta on one side); and one sutural seta on
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–VIII">II-VIII</normalizedToken>
. Tergite IX+X (from the lateral to meson) with one short, one long, three short, one long, and one short setae. Paratergal chaetotaxy:
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–III">II-III</normalizedToken>
0;
<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–V">IV-V</normalizedToken>
1;
<normalizedToken originalValue="VI–VII">VI-VII</normalizedToken>
2; VIII 3. Sternal plates
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–VI">II-VI</normalizedToken>
yellowish, typically with one pair of setae on each, subgenital plate uniformly pigmented. Genitalia (Fig. 10): basal plate wide, with concavity on lateral borders; straight and broad subtriangular paramera, with pointed tips (Fig. 10); lateral sclerites of the endomeral complex short (1/3 of the paramera length) and subtriangular with their posterior edge smooth, bearing 2 sensillae each.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Body measurements (n = 5), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.30-0.31; PAW, 0.23-0.24; TW, 0.28-0.30; PL, 0.11-0.14; PW, 0.20; PTL, 0.12-0.16; PTW, 0.27-0.28; AL, 0.77-0.87; AW 0.37-0.42; GL, 0.19-0.21; and TL, 1.27-1.38.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Body</pageBreakToken>
measurements (n = 3), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon massena" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massena">Trogon massena</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.31-0.33; PAW, 0.24-0.25; TW, 0.29-0.30; PL, 0.12-0.13; PW, 0.20-0.21; PTL, 0.13; PTW, 0.29-0.31; AL, 0.83-0.93; AW 0.39-0.47; GL, 0.20-0.21; and TL, 1.34-1.48.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 1), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanocephalus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">Trogon melanocephalus</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.33; PAW, 0.26; TW, 0.31; PL, 0.13; PW, 0.21; PTL, 0.14; PTW, 0.32; AL, 0.91; AW 0.50; GL, 0.19; and TL, 1.46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 2), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon collaris" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">Trogon collaris</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.30-0.31; PAW, 0.23-0.24; TW, 0.29-0.30; PL, 0.11-0.13; PW, 0.19-0.21; PTL, 0.15; PTW, 0.28-0.30; AL, 0.83-0.84; AW 0.39-0.43; GL, 0.18-0.20; and TL, 1.37-1.38.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Habitus as in figure 8. Pigmentation of the head, thorax and abdomen much as for male, differing in body size, terminalia and tergal chaetotaxy. Pterothorax with 5-6 marginal setae on each side. Tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–VIII">II-VIII</normalizedToken>
divided medially, IX+X entire and uniformly pigmented. Subgenital plate uniformly pigmented, lacking posterior notch, with 3-4 small setae each side (Fig. 11). Gonapophysis commonly with 3 setae (Figs 12). Vulva with 2-3 short and spiniform setae and 2-3 long and thin setae on each side (Fig. 11).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 3), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.32-0.33; PAW, 0.26; TW, 0.32; PL, 0.12-0.13; PW, 0.21-0.22; PTL, 0.13-0.15; PTW, 0.30-0.31; AL, 0.98-1.07; AW 0.44-0.46; and TL, 1.53-1.61.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 2), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.34-0.36; PAW, 0.26-0.27; TW, 0.33-0.34; PL, 0.15-0.16; PW, 0.23; PTL, 0.15; PTW, 0.33; AL, 0.98-1.05; AW 0.46-0.47; and TL, 1.56-1.60.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 3), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon massena" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massena">Trogon massena</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.34; PAW, 0.26-0.28; TW, 0.32-0.33; PL, 0.13; PW, 0.21-0.23; PTL, 0.15-0.16; PTW, 0.32-0.33; AL, 1.01-1.10; AW 0.46-0.47; and TL, 1.59-1.69.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 1), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanocephalus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">Trogon melanocephalus</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.35; PAW, 0.27; TW, 0.33; PL, 0.14; PW, 0.22; PTL, 0.14; PTW, 0.34; AL, 1.09; AW 0.49; and TL, 1.68.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Body measurements (n = 3), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon collaris" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">Trogon collaris</taxonomicName>
: HL, 0.33-0.34; PAW, 0.26-0.27; TW, 0.32-0.33; PL, 0.13; PW, 0.20-0.22; PTL, 0.14-0.17; PTW, 0.32-0.33; AL, 1.01-1.08; AW 0.48-0.54; and TL, 1.58-1.66.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Male holotype, ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
, JAP765 FMNH 456563; BRAZIL: Amazonas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maraã">Maraa</normalizedToken>
, Lago Cumapi (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-1.7301667">01°43'48.6&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-65.87931">65°52'45.5&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 31.VII.2007, J.D. Weckstein col., at MZUSP. Paratypes: 4 males and 3 females (one female DNA voucher Brsp.Trvi.1.4.2011.20), same data as holotype. 2 males and 1 female (DNA voucher) paratypes at FMNH.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Figures 7-12.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: male, dorso-ventral views (7); female, dorso-ventral views (8); temporal carina (9); male genitalia (10); female vulvar margin (11); female gonapophysis (12).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Figures 13-16.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia sueta" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sueta">Brueelia sueta</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: male preantenal region, dorso-ventral views (13); female preantenal region, dorso-ventral views (14);
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: male preantenal region, dorso-ventral views (15); female preantenal region, dorso-ventral views (16).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="other specimens studied not regarded as types">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Other specimens studied not regarded as types.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
1 male and 1 female (female DNA voucher Brsp.Phpa.4.4.2011.16), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
, JAP315 MPEG 62491; BRAZIL: Amazonas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Japurá">Japura</normalizedToken>
, Rio Mapari (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-2.0420833">02°02'31.5&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.28794">67°17'16.6&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 17.VII.2007, J.D. Weckstein col., at FMNH; 2 females (one female DNA voucher Brsp.Trme.4.4.2011.13), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
, AMZ415 MPEG 59344; BRAZIL: Amazonas, Barcelos, Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aracá">Araca</normalizedToken>
(
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-0.42">0°25'12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-62.936947">62°56'13&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 4.XII.2005, C.C. Ribas col., at MZUSP; 4 males and 4 females (one pair of specimens DNA vouchers Trsp.Trmas.3.29.1999.4 and Trsp.Trmas.4.7.1999.9), ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon massena" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massena">Trogon massena</taxonomicName>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="MÉXICO">MEXICO</normalizedToken>
: Cam
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">peche</pageBreakToken>
, 24 km S Sivituc (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.233334">18°14'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-90.2">90°12'W</geoCoordinate>
), 6.III.1998, D.H. Clayton col., at PIPeR; 1 male and 2 females (one female DNA voucher Trsp.Trmel.5.4.1999.5); ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanocephalus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">Trogon melanocephalus</taxonomicName>
;
<normalizedToken originalValue="MÉXICO">MEXICO</normalizedToken>
: Campeche, 24 km S Sivituc (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="18.233334">18°14'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-90.2">90°12'W</geoCoordinate>
), 9.III.1998, D.H. Clayton col., at PIPeR; 2 males and 3 females (FMNH-INS 28922, 28923); ex
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon collaris" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">Trogon collaris</taxonomicName>
; PERU: Madre de Dios, Hacienda Amazonia, near Atalaya ridged, 330m above hacienda, 5.VIII.1985, D.H. Clayton col. (#85-076 and 85-077), at FMNH.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
This species is named after Armando C. Cicchino (Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina) in recognition of his more than thirty years of contributions to the taxonomy and systematics of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brueelia</taxonomicName>
and chewing lice in general.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Although we described herein a new
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brueelia</taxonomicName>
species from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
, this same host species, from a different locality, also harbored
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. Nevertheless, we are certain that this record of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
on the host
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
is a reliable host-parasite association because: (1) the pair of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brueelia</taxonomicName>
specimens collected from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
are morphologically identical with those collected from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
; (2) both individuals of
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
were collected on different days and at different localities; (3) no
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trogon</taxonomicName>
spp. were deloused or collected on the day that JDW collected
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
; (4) specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. collected from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
are genetically identical (see below); (5) our specimens are only 1 bp different and thus nearly genetically identical to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brueelia</taxonomicName>
sp. collected from two other
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trogon</taxonomicName>
species (see below) collected in
<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
. Lastly, although the type host of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
MPEG 62484, was collected in the Amazonian
<normalizedToken originalValue="Imerí">Imeri</normalizedToken>
area of endemism between the Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Japurá">Japura</normalizedToken>
and Rio Negro, we also found
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. on
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
MPEG 59344) from the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Imerí">Imeri</normalizedToken>
area of endemism between the Rio Branco and the Rio Negro and on
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
MPEG 62491 from the Napo area of endemism south of the Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Japurá">Japura</normalizedToken>
. Although we do not have a male specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
we are also certain of this host association because the two specimens studied from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
are morphologically and genetically indistinguishable from those collected from
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
. Thus,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brueelia cicchinoi" order="Psocodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cicchinoi">Brueelia cicchinoi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is apparently a relatively widespread trogon parasite found on at least six species of trogons:
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon viridis" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridis">Trogon viridis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanurus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">Trogon melanurus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon collaris" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">Trogon collaris</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon massena" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="massena">Trogon massena</taxonomicName>
(see below),
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Trogon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trogon melanocephalus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">Trogon melanocephalus</taxonomicName>
(see below), and
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Trogonidae" genus="Pharomachrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pharomachrus pavoninus" order="Trogoniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pavoninus">Pharomachrus pavoninus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>