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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870" ID-GBIF-Dataset="036a7c8d-4144-4c6f-bf8e-db1a50b9bf23" ID-PMC="PMC6023954" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-100-149" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFB8FFD5FFD7CF55FFAF8D7F9F5DFFB3" ID-PubMed="29962894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1300068" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-100-149" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys " ModsDocTitle="Sindorastipitata (Detarioideae, Leguminosae), a new species from Thailand" checkinTime="1553125373570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Promprom, Wilawan, Chatan, Wannachai &amp; Saisaard, Peerapol" docDate="2018" docId="CFBF1C5823D5FC35FCD2FF3A7C4FB7AB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 100: 149-156" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 100" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870" docTitle="Sindora stipitata Chatan &amp; Promprom 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFB8FFD5FFD7CF55FFAF8D7F9F5DFFB3" lastPageNumber="152" masterDocId="FFB8FFD5FFD7CF55FFAF8D7F9F5DFFB3" masterDocTitle="Sindora stipitata (Detarioideae, Leguminosae), a new species from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="149" pageNumber="150" updateTime="1668138912628" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Sindora stipitata (Detarioideae, Leguminosae), a new species from Thailand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Promprom, Wilawan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatan, Wannachai</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Saisaard, Peerapol</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>100</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>149</mods:start>
<mods:end>156</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-100-149</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFB8FFD5FFD7CF55FFAF8D7F9F5DFFB3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1300068</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154472690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CFBF1C5823D5FC35FCD2FF3A7C4FB7AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CFBF1C5823D5FC35FCD2FF3A7C4FB7AB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="150" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName LSID="CFBF1C58-23D5-FC35-FCD2-FF3A7C4FB7AB" authority="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata" status="sp. nov.">Sindora stipitata Chatan &amp; Promprom</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="150">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Sindora stipitata. A habit and habitat B branches and inflorescences C branch with leaves and stipules D branch with fruits. Photographs of the type specimen by W. Chatan." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211602" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Line drawing of Sindora stipitata Chatan &amp; Promprom, sp. nov. A a branch with leaves and inflorescence B floral bud C floret D posterior sepal (abaxial side) E posterior sepal (adaxial side) F one of the remaining narrower sepal (abaxial side) G one of the remaining narrower sepal (adaxial side) H petal (adaxial side) I free staminode J fused stamen K pistil. Illustration by W. Chatan (based on type specimen)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211603" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="150" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. leiocarpa" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">S. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Malesia, but it is easily distinguished by the following characters: a smaller stature (3-5 m high), 6-foliolate paripinnate leaves, falcate persistent stipules, presence of a petal auricle, absence of a petal claw, stipitate ovary and capitate stigma.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1300158" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211602" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">A</emphasis>
habit and habitat
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">B</emphasis>
branches and inflorescences
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">C</emphasis>
branch with leaves and stipules
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">D</emphasis>
branch with fruits. Photographs of the type specimen by W. Chatan.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1300160" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211603" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Line drawing of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chatan &amp; Promprom, sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">A</emphasis>
a branch with leaves and inflorescence
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">B</emphasis>
floral bud
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">C</emphasis>
floret
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">D</emphasis>
posterior sepal (abaxial side)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">E</emphasis>
posterior sepal (adaxial side)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">F</emphasis>
one of the remaining narrower sepal (abaxial side)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">G</emphasis>
one of the remaining narrower sepal (adaxial side)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">H</emphasis>
petal (adaxial side)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">I</emphasis>
free staminode
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">J</emphasis>
fused stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">K</emphasis>
pistil. Illustration by W. Chatan (based on type specimen).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
THAILAND. Nakhon Phanom Province: Phu Langka National Park, elevation 250-350 m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.7" value="17.988527">17°59'18.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="50.1" value="104.130585">104°07'50.1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution of Sindora stipitata Chatan &amp; Promprom (*) in Phu Langka National Park, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211604" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">3</figureCitation>
), 20 April 2012,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">W. Chatan 1231</emphasis>
(Holotype: BKF!; Isotype: K!).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1300162" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.100.25870.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211604" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chatan &amp; Promprom (*) in Phu Langka National Park, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="1" pageNumber="150" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="150">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="1" pageNumber="150">
Small tree, 3-5 m high. Stem diameter 3-5 cm. Stipules falcate, 23-25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0-1.3 mm, coriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, persistent, venation distinctly reticulate. Leaves 6-foliolate, paripinnate, leaflets opposite; petioles 3.0-5.5 cm long, with sparse minute hairs or glabrescent; rachis 7-11 cm long, with sparse minute hairs or glabrescent. Leaflets rigidly coriaceous, elliptic or ovate or obovate or oblong, 7.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-5.3 cm; apex obtuse or sometime shallowly emarginate; base obtuse or cuneate, slightly asymmetric, glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes with a few minute hairs on the blade margin; abaxial side dull. Petiolules 3-6 mm long; glabrescent or with sparse minute hairs. Inflorescences paniculate, lax, up to 20 cm long, lateral branches up to 6 cm long, both rachises and lateral braches densely pubescent; bracts and bracteoles ca. 4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5 mm, puberulous; pedicels 11-12 mm long, densely puberulous. Buds ca. 15
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10 mm, elliptic. Pedicel 10-11 mm long, densely puberulous. Hypanthium asymmetrically short and funnel-like, 0.5-1.0 mm long, brownish-yellow. Calyx lobes 4, thick, brownish-yellow, without any spiny outgrowth on the outer surface, densely puberulous outside, appressed hairs inside; the posterior lobe boat-shaped and obovate, 14-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-11 mm, apices acuminate; the other three lobes narrower, 15-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6 mm, narrowly oblong or elliptic, apices narrowly acute. Corolla comprised of a solitary
<normalizedToken originalValue="boat–shaped">boat-shaped</normalizedToken>
petal, lanceolate or narrowly obovate, thick, 15-17
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-6 mm, apices acute or acuminate, bases auriculate, puberulous outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 10, dorsifixed; upper stamen free, staminodal, 10-11 mm long, lower 2/3 of filament length densely puberulous, upper 1/3 of filament length sparsely hairy and glabrous near apex; remaining nine stamens, fertile, joined at the base into a sheath; sheath ca. 8-9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.0-4.5 mm, densely puberulous on both surfaces; the two largest stamens are fertile, free parts of filament ca. 22-25 mm, lower half of the free parts of filament sparsely hairy and the upper half glabrous; anthers 5.5-6.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-1.6 mm, glabrous; other fertile stamens seven, free parts of filament 7-8 mm, lower 1/3 of the free parts densely puberulous, upper 2/3 of the free parts sparsely hairy and glabrous near apex; anthers, 2.5-3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0-1.2 mm, glabrous. Pistils with 5-6 mm stipe length; stipes densely puberulous; ovary asymmetrically elliptic; 7-8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.5-5.0 mm, densely
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="151" start="start">puberulous</pageBreakToken>
, no spiny outgrowth; style 9-11 mm long, densely puberulous on lower parts and sparsely hairy on the anterior side of upper parts; stigma capitate, glabrous. Pods circular or ellipsoid to obovate, 3.3-9.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-5.5 cm diameter, flattened, slightly smooth, unarmed, obscurely veined, with 1.5-5.0 mm long beaks, sparsely hairy on both surfaces, densely appressed hairs on the margin; seeds 1-4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="other specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="152" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
specimen examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
THAILAND. Nakhon Phanom Province: Phu Langka National Park, 29 June 2013, fruiting,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">P. Saisaard 55</emphasis>
(BKF).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="flowering and fruiting">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Flowering and fruiting.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Flowering in
<normalizedToken originalValue="March–May">March-May</normalizedToken>
and fruiting
<normalizedToken originalValue="April–June">April-June</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">The new species is a Thai endemic and is known from only the type locality in the Phulangka National Park, Ban Pheang District, Nakhon Phanom Province, North-eastern Thailand.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">This new species grows in open areas of dry deciduous forest at an elevation of 250-350 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Ma Kha Tae Nakhon Phanom, Mak Tae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">The specific epithet refers to its distinctly long ovary stipe. This character is one of many morphological characters that distinguishes the new species from its closely related species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the type locality and its estimated extent of occurrence is less than 100 km2. The number of mature individuals was less than 1,000 and the occupied area is continuing to decline slightly. Therefore, it should be considered as &quot;Critically Endangered&quot; according to the IUCN criteria B1 (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Forest research institute Malesia, Kuala Lumpur" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B3" refString="IUCN, 2017. Standards and Petitions Subcommittee Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Standards and Petitions Subcommittee Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2017">IUCN 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chatan &amp; Promprom" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora stipitata" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Sindora stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. leiocarpa" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a plant that grows in Sumatra (Jimbi, Palembang and Riau) and Borneo (Sarawak, Brunei, Sabah and Kalimantan) (
<bibRefCitation author="Hou, D" editor="Soepadmo, F" journalOrPublisher="Forest research institute Malesia, Kuala Lumpur" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" pagination="119 - 180" refId="B2" refString="Hou, D, 2000. Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae. In: Soepadmo, F, Saw, LG, Eds., Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. Forest research institute Malesia, Kuala Lumpur: 119 - 180" title="Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae." volumeTitle="Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak." year="2000">Hou 2000</bibRefCitation>
), but is easily distinguished from the latter by several morphological characters. Details of the differences between
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. stipitata" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. leiocarpa" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are presented in Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Distinguishing features between S. stipitata Chatan &amp; Promprom and S. leiocarpa de Wit." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0D5C98BD3779EFAAF95E3F9BCB9F426F" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" tableUuid="0D5C98BD3779EFAAF95E3F9BCB9F426F">1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
The new species is also related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. coriacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. coriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Baker) Prain. Both have unarmed sepals, but
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. stipitata" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly different from
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. coriacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. coriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its stature of a small tree (3-5 m high) (vs. a large tree up to 50 m high), its abaxial leaflet surface dull brown (vs. shining), the two largest stamen 22-25 mm long (vs. ca. 10 mm long) and anthers 5.5-6 mm long (vs. 2-3 mm long). The new species also clearly differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. laotica" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="laotica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. laotica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gagnep., a species that is distributed near the border of Thailand (in Vientiane, Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Lao) and Vietnam (Larsen, Larsen and Vidal 1980); the two species are different in that there is no spiny outgrowth on the outer surface of the calyx of the new species (vs. calyx spinescent). The following identification key for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miquel" authorityYear="1861" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Sindora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sindora" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Sindora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Thailand and Malesia is constructed by modification of the key from the Flora Malesiana (
<bibRefCitation author="Hou, D" editor="Soepadmo, F" journalOrPublisher="Forest research institute Malesia, Kuala Lumpur" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" pagination="119 - 180" refId="B2" refString="Hou, D, 2000. Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae. In: Soepadmo, F, Saw, LG, Eds., Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. Forest research institute Malesia, Kuala Lumpur: 119 - 180" title="Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae." volumeTitle="Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak." year="2000">Hou 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="0D5C98BD3779EFAAF95E3F9BCB9F426F" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0D5C98BD3779EFAAF95E3F9BCB9F426F" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Table 1.</emphasis>
Distinguishing features between
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. stipitata" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chatan &amp; Promprom and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. leiocarpa" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
de Wit.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<table pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. stipitata" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="stipitata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. stipitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. leiocarpa" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">S. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">1. Habit</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Small tree 3-5 m high, 3-5 cm diam.</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Large tree, 25-45 m high, 45-80 cm diam.</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">2. Stipule</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Falcate, 23-25 mm long</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Lancelate, 3-5 mm long, caducous</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">3. Leaflet size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
7.5-11.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-5.3 cm
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
2.5-9.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-5 cm
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">4. Pedicel length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">10-11 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">1-1.5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">5. Sepal size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
14-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-11 mm
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">
2-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3.5 mm
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">6. Petal length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">15-17 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">5-6 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">7. Petal claw</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Present at about the lower half</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">8. Petal auricle</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">9. Staminal sheath</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">8-9 mm long (high)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">2-3 mm long (high)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">10. Free filament part length of united stamens</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">7-25 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">ca. 7 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">11. Anther length of two largest stamens</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">22-25 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">2-2.5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">12. Anther length of seven smallest fertile stamens</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">7-8 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Up to 0.75 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">13. Ovary stipe length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">5-6 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Subsessile or shortly stipitate (ca. 1 mm)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">14. Ovary length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">7-8 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">ca. 4.5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">15. Stigma</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Capitate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" rowspan="1">Obscure</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="2538C4701AF852E06BEBFD2A3643C598" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicName id="F354434EC9E57B68FE1248E176711DC4" ID-CoL="4FYKR" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33986" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole saxicola Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saxicola">Pheidole saxicola</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70A55A01FB4B84C07F6E74AA236FC89A" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50A118E7FFD0781EC6D1CB9F429DA506" type="description">
<paragraph id="7961C260857051C65D4DFC071A62C377" pageNumber="138">Plate VII; Text Figure 35</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45453C55A32E1BF457EEA59258D1024E" pageNumber="138">Soldier.- Length 5.5 to 6 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23B5AE31E647215B58B1E8AD6D71F1B4" pageNumber="138">Head subrectangular, nearly 3 mm. long and very nearly as broad, scarcely broader behind than in front, with straight subparallel sides, rectangular anterior corners, deeply and angularly excised posterior border, and deep occipital and frontal groove. In profile the occipital region is very feebly depressed and the eyes are small, feebly convex, and at the anterior third of the sides. Gula anteriorly with prominent, blunt teeth. Mandibles convex, with two large apical and two basal teeth and a fewdenticles along the intermediate border. Clypeus convex and carinate in the middle, its anterior border broadly and feebly excised in the middle and sinuate on each side. Frontal carina; very short, diverging; frontal area distinct, with a median carinula. Antenna; slender, scapes reaching the middle of the head; funicular joints all longer than broad; club shorter than the remainder of the funiculus. Thorax shorter than the head, robust, through the pronotum nearly half as broad as the head, with very blunt humeri, convex and rounded in profile. Mesonotum sloping to the deep mesoepinotal constriction with merely a trace of a transverse convexity in the middle. Epinotum broader than long, concave and sloping in the middle, in profile with the base distinctly shorter than the declivity; spines short, suberect, acute, less than half as long as the base and about half as long as their interval. Petiole about one and one-half times as long as broad, broader behind than in front, with concave sides; node transverse, its superior border sharp, feebly excised in the middle. Postpetiole broader than long, about two and one-half times as broad as the petiole, its sides produced as short, acute, slightly backwardly directed spines, its ventral surface with a small, acute tooth. Gaster smaller than the head, subcircular or very broadly elliptical, somewhat, flat tened above. Legs with moderately thickened femora.</paragraph>
<caption id="61776E9021DE263D4E3E9959D06D55FA">
<paragraph id="60EEE860878A1F12152A3145EF2A6C57" pageNumber="138">
Fig. 35.
<taxonomicName id="BD20F8BB4EFEBBC171BC1B3A27F60744" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33986" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole saxicola Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saxicola">Pheidole saxicola</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="90CAD7221D8934C16D9318E451EE1D43" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Soldier, a, body in profile; b, head from above.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2F88D7E4AE2ECFDD8A3C39869AB8AF71" pageNumber="139">Shining throughout; mandibles coarsely striate, smooth and coarsely punctate in the middle. Clypeus longitudinally rugulose, less distinctly in the middle than on the sides. Head rather finely and sharply longitudinally rugose, the rugae diverging on the front and continued to the posterior corners, where they meet the also slightlydivergent rugae between the frontal carinae and the eyes. The interrugal spaces are loosely reticulate. There are no transverse rugae on the occiput but only a finer continuation of the more anterior sculpture. Thorax, petiole, and postpetiole indistinctly and loosely punctate rugulose, the prothorax transversely; epinotum with fine, dense but shallow punctures, so that the surface is more opaque. Gaster with fine, sparse, piligerous punctures.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3685EA24AE2396C5CDE7D85023C9246E" pageNumber="139">Hairs yellowish, partly coarse, sparse, uneven and suberect and partly short, much more abundant, softer and appressed or subappressed like long, coarse pubescence. Legs with numerous short, oblique hairs; scapes with a few longer scattered and coarser hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0502C805430C1A0A943A5DEF0DB587F8" pageNumber="139">Dark ferruginous red; mandibles, sides and border of clypeus, and frontal carinae, blackish; petiole, postpetiole, and gaster, except more or less of the base of the first segment, dark brown or blackish. Legs a little paler than the thorax.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1E9856FF333B6FA0D93E50C36E5E300" pageNumber="139">Worker.- Length 2.7 to 3 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22FF2E1892D247958B2415AFA38AD39F" pageNumber="139">Head subrectangular, as broad in front as behind, with straight, subparallel sides, rounded posterior corners and nearly straight posterior border. Eyes convex, at the middle of the sides. Mandibles rather large, deflected at the tip, with denticulate apical borders and two larger terminal teeth. Clypeus distinctly carinate, with the anterior border very feebly sinuate in the middle. Antennal scapes extending onethird their length beyond the posterior corners of the head. Thorax similar to that of the soldier, but more slender, especially through the pronotum. Base of epinotum a little longer than the declivity; spines slender, acute, eTect, about half as long as their interval. Petiole slender, twice as long as broad, scarcely broader behind than in front, with the sides only very faintly concave; node transverse, its border distinctly notched in the middle. Postpetiole twice as broad as the petiole, as long as broad, subglobose, not toothed on the ventral side. Gaster about as large as the head.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8848AE5CD502177C29D0AB17DBACA5A9" pageNumber="139">Shining; mandibles subopaque, finely striatopunctate. Sides of head delicately longitudinally rugulose and reticulate. Thorax, petiole, and postpetiole finely and densely punctate, opaque; upper surface of pronotum and postpetiole smooth and shining. Gaster and legs shining, sparsely punctate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB93CD5640262B6F23B36167272DFC59" pageNumber="139">Pilosity like that of the soldier but less abundant. Antennal scapes, like the legs, with numerous oblique hairs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1947355C4AC5A85FDD65E8290CB97A0F" pageNumber="139">Brown; head darker above and behind; gaster, except the edges of the segments, middle portions of legs, fore coxae, and usually also the pronotum and upper surfaces of the petiolar nodes, darker than the posterior portion of the thorax.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D45C9893D2B4031B4FA36D01FAEAD4E6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5F70B922F9940185506ADEEB3116F8BF" pageNumber="139">Described from numerous specimens taken by Lang, Chapin, and Bequaert at Zambi (type locality) and by the latter at Boma.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F243BABF05B52D1F8F3D318136815B12" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="DD138D2C3A7C5D13AB77F999E267DCD8" lastPageNumber="140" pageNumber="139">
This ant is certainly very closely related to
<taxonomicName id="F07FBE5DCB84C02E6AB7C1287FDE6CCB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33995" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole sculpturata Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturata">P. sculpturata Mayr</taxonomicName>
and might be regarded as a subspecies, but it will fit neither Mayr's description of the typical form from South Africa nor Santschi's and Forel's descriptions of the various subspecies from East and West Africa. Mr. Lang's note shows that it is a harvester. '' The nests were found on a dry hilt at the Post of Zambi in rocky soil. One of the entrances, the largest of three, can be distinctly seen in the photograph (Plate VII). The ants excavate their nests in the small amount of soil between the rocks and all or nearly all of them remain under ground during the day. They work during the night up to about 8 A.M. Then the workers may be seen moving along in files, accompanied by the soldiers, and the latter carry seeds for a distance of some fifteen yards. They come and go in different directions indicated by runways left between the accumulated masses of debris and distinctly visible in the photograph. The debris, consisting of seeds and chaff, lies about the nest to a depth of four centimeters and over an area of some sixty centimeters. It is very difficult to obtain a view of the interior of the nest on account of the rocky soil. Some of the kitchen-middens about the nest entrances contained the dried remains of various ants and Coleoptera. In another locality the same species of ant was seen to have collected seeds of entirely different plants but of about the same size.&quot;
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>