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<document id="4928698450F2FEDF20044A158BB73738" ID-CLB-Dataset="6330" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4690007" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0baa733e-6e79-4600-a069-3a1a9f87fbec" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690007" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618438256252" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise &amp; Monniot, Claude" docDate="2008" docId="CF5AF0013B015C13E84AFA45FDD7C3B0" docLanguage="fr" docName="Zoosystema.30.4.799-872.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 30 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Lissoclinum tumidum Monniot &amp; Monniot 2008, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="828" masterDocId="336388793B1A5C0EEB52FFEEFFBAC617" masterDocTitle="Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical" masterLastPageNumber="872" masterPageNumber="799" pageNumber="826" updateTime="1698936655835" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="DC5937AD70F3DEFA721608A8597D856C">Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90BAC42CE3F3BA798B70B16E584ACA9B">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="12A83AD8B9E2492142E55463EA4B18C9">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F6FA9E9CCD6B1A26354D5DEA56245B93">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3D018280742B57AC80C2C369DFD328A6">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3BFD37E4040DBF743013F07A11C37879">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B015C13E84AFA45FDD7C3B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893681" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893681" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B015C13E84AFA45FDD7C3B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B015C13E84AFA45FDD7C3B0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="828" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B015C15E84AFA45FBFCC3D1" box="[792,1094,1451,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E84AFA45FBFCC3D1" blockId="27.[792,1094,1451,1510]" box="[792,1094,1451,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B015C15E84AFA45FBFCC3D1" box="[792,1094,1451,1478]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15E84AFA45FBBFC3D1" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[792,1029,1451,1478]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumidum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E84AFA45FBBFC3D1" bold="true" box="[792,1029,1451,1478]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum tumidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B015C15EF5EFA45FBFCC3D1" box="[1036,1094,1451,1478]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B015C15E81BFA25FBAFC3F1" box="[841,1045,1483,1510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E81BFA25FBAFC3F1" blockId="27.[792,1094,1451,1510]" box="[841,1045,1483,1510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E802FA25FC1AC3F1" box="[848,928,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-19@28.[660,1229,207,1146]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 40.— Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, C, deux thorax; B, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Figs 40</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E8E3FA25FC77C3F1" box="[945,973,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1309,1326]" captionTargetBox="[182,577,215,1266]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[182,577,214,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 41. — Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 250 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690107/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">41</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E88DFA25FBB4C3F1" box="[991,1038,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">76A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B015C15E9F7F9E6FC9DC0B4" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7F9E6FC9DC042" blockId="27.[675,1210,1544,1621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<materialsCitation id="F79B4B4A3B015C15E9F7F9E6FC9DC042" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125611307" collectingDate="2006-04-28" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="L. J. Bell" country="Palau" elevation="1" latitude="7.2968335" location="Mekeald" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="134.447" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" specimenCode="A2, LIS 190" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B015C15E9F7F9E6FCB0C008" box="[677,778,1544,1567]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E860F9E6FCD4C037" bold="true" box="[818,878,1544,1568]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B015C15E860F9E6FCD0C037" box="[818,874,1544,1568]" name="Palau" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="422C17CC3B015C15E820F9E6FC7CC037" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B015C13E84AFA45FDD7C3B0:422C17CC3B015C15E820F9E6FC7CC037" box="[882,966,1544,1568]" country="Palau" latitude="7.2968335" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="134.447" name="Mekeald" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Mekeald</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15E89CF9E6FB8EC037" box="[974,1076,1544,1568]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="17.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="7.2968335">7°17.81’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15EF6EF9E6FB0CC037" box="[1084,1206,1544,1568]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="26.82" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="134.447">134°26.82’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15E9F1F9CDFD77C02C" box="[675,717,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="m" value="1.0">
<elevation id="CCDEA6243B015C15E9F1F9CDFD77C02C" box="[675,717,1571,1595]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B015C15E988F9CDFCF7C02C" box="[730,845,1571,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" value="2006-04-28">
<collectingDate id="23099E3F3B015C15E988F9CDFCF7C02C" box="[730,845,1571,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" value="2006-04-28">28.IV.2006</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="EA0624C13B015C15E8D9F9CDFC52C02C" box="[907,1000,1571,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. J. Bell</collectorName>
, MLN102 (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B015C15EF31F9CDFB02C02C" box="[1123,1208,1571,1595]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B015C15E9F4F9D3FD78C042" box="[678,706,1597,1621]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">A2</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B015C15E99BF9D3FCA1C042" box="[713,795,1597,1621]" collectionCode="LIS" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">LIS 190</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7F99FFC9DC0B4" blockId="27.[677,1209,1649,1699]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B015C15E9F7F99FFCBEC090" box="[677,772,1649,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
. — Même station que l’holotype (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B015C15EF36F99FFB03C09E" box="[1124,1209,1649,1673]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B015C15E99BF965FD56C0B4" box="[713,748,1675,1699]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">LIS</collectionCode>
191).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B065C13EB23FF36FDD7C3B0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="828" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EB23FF36FDADC6F8" blockId="28.[113,535,215,240]" box="[113,535,215,240]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12EA25FF39FE79C6F8" box="[375,451,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">tumidus</emphasis>
: gonflé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EB23FEF6FEB8C727" blockId="28.[111,649,280,1700]" box="[113,258,280,306]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EB23FED9FDDBC4D9" blockId="28.[111,649,280,1700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
Les colonies sont minces, molles, très fragiles et ne peuvent pas être facilement détachées du corail qu’elles encroûtent. Les photos sous-marines montrent des colonies gonflées, d’un blanc pur (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EABBFE78FDF7C7A6" box="[489,589,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 76A</figureCitation>
). Les ouvertures cloacales communes sont rondes et larges, bordées d’un anneau de tunique sans spicules. Les zoïdes, jaune pâle en formol, sont suspendus dans des ponts de tunique traversant une vaste cavité entre une mince couche de tunique percée par les siphons buccaux et une couche mince sous les abdomens. Toute la tunique contient des spicules.Les abdomens et les larves se trouvent dans les piliers qui joignent les lames supérieure et inférieure de la colonie.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EBDAFD3DFEC0C390" blockId="28.[111,649,280,1700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EA56FD3DFE3EC4F9" box="[260,388,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-19@28.[660,1229,207,1146]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 40.— Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, C, deux thorax; B, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 40A, B</figureCitation>
) en extension mesurent 1,5 mm. Le siphon buccal est étroit bordé de 6 très petits lobes. L’ouverture cloacale est grande et porte une languette soit courte et arrondie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12E941FCDCFDC3C55A" box="[531,633,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-19@28.[660,1229,207,1146]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 40.— Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, C, deux thorax; B, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 40A</figureCitation>
), soit plus grande, bilobée avec une embase étroite (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EB29FC9FFF5BC59B" box="[123,225,881,908]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-19@28.[660,1229,207,1146]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 40.— Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, C, deux thorax; B, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 40C</figureCitation>
). La languette contient des fibres musculaires circulaires sur le bord externe. La branchie est large avec 10 stigmates dans le premier rang et 9 dans le deuxième. L’organe thoracique latéral est rond, au niveau du deuxième sinus transverse. Il n’y a pas de muscle rétracteur. Le tube digestif décrit une boucle étroite, fermée.Le testicule a 2 lobes dans une position inhabituelle: accolés, ils sont disposés le long de l’intestin postérieur selon l’axe antéro-postérieur. Le spermiducte issu des 2 lobes émerge sur leur face externe se dirige sous la vésicule testiculaire antérieure et suit ensuite le rectum (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EADCFB20FE4FC2FE" box="[398,501,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" captionTargetId="figure-19@28.[660,1229,207,1146]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 40.— Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, C, deux thorax; B, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 40B</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire est placé en avant du testicule antérieur.Les ovocytes se développent dans l’oviducte en formant une hernie sur l’abdomen, puis grandissent dans une véritable poche pédonculée qui s’entoure d’une fine couche de tunique avec spicules.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B065C12E9F7FB60FBDBC2A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690105/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" startId="28.[677,687,1166,1183]" targetBox="[677,1209,217,1122]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12E9F7FB60FBDBC2A1" blockId="28.[677,1209,1166,1206]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
FIG. 40.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B065C12E9AAFB60FC1EC288" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[760,932,1166,1183]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumidum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E9AAFB60FC1EC288" box="[760,932,1166,1183]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Lissoclinum tumidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B065C12E8F5FB60FC6FC288" box="[935,981,1166,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E88CFB60FC51C288" bold="true" box="[990,1003,1166,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E8A1FB60FBBBC288" bold="true" box="[1011,1025,1166,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">C</emphasis>
, deux thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12EF21FB60FB3AC288" bold="true" box="[1139,1152,1166,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E984FB4BFD5EC2A1" bold="true" box="[726,740,1189,1206]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A, B, D, 0,2 mm; C, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EBDAFA62FEF1C052" blockId="28.[111,649,280,1700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
Les larves (
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EA27FA62FE1FC3B0" box="[373,421,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1309,1326]" captionTargetBox="[182,577,215,1266]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[182,577,214,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 41. — Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 250 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690107/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">41A</figureCitation>
) mûres sont incluses dans une coque de tunique avec des spicules. Elles sont arrondies avec 3 papilles adhésives, en forme de tulipe, bordées de 4 paires de vésicules. Elles ne sont pas gemmipares. La queue fait le tour du tronc qui mesure 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12EBDAF9A4FB00C33F" blockId="28.[111,649,280,1700]" lastBlockId="28.[677,1210,1261,1320]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
Les spicules sont sphériques, essentiellement en deux classes de taille (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B065C12EA1DF987FE14C093" box="[335,430,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="29.[113,124,1309,1326]" captionTargetBox="[182,577,215,1266]" captionTargetId="figure-15@29.[182,577,214,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIG. 41. — Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 250 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690107/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Fig. 41B</figureCitation>
). Les plus grands ont un diamètre de
<quantity id="800BECF23B065C12EA4CF967FE18C0B3" box="[286,418,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" unit="mm" value="41.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="40.0">40 à 42 µm</quantity>
, les autres de
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environ. Ils sont constitués de baguettes radiaires, elles-mêmes formées d’aiguilles parallèles soudées.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12E9F7FAA3FC9DC372" blockId="28.[675,1212,1357,1700]" box="[677,807,1357,1383]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B065C12E9F7FA82FB83C0B3" blockId="28.[675,1212,1357,1700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">
Cette nouvelle espèce se rapproche de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B065C12EF12FA82FCC6C3B0" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reginum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12EF12FA82FD40C3B2" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Lissoclinum reginum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B065C12E851FA62FCC6C3B0" author="KOTT P." box="[771,892,1420,1447]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
par sa languette cloacale, ses deux testicules et la larve. Mais cette dernière espèce a un muscle rétracteur et des spicules à rayons plus courts et plus nombreux. Les deux espèces sont présentes ensemble dans le même lac marin à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B065C12EF2EF9E4FB03C032" box="[1148,1209,1546,1573]" name="Palau" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E9F1F9C4FC3EC053" box="[675,900,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">Lissoclinum tumidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B065C12E8DBF9C4FC79C052" box="[905,963,1578,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
est aussi très proche de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B065C12E9F7F9A5FC68C072" authority="(Van Name, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Van Name" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[677,978,1610,1637]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="28" pageNumber="827" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B065C12E9F7F9A5FCBBC073" box="[677,769,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="827">L. fragile</emphasis>
(Van Name, 1902)
</taxonomicName>
, mais en diffère par la disposition des vésicules testiculaires et l’absence de cellules pigmentaires dans la larve.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13EB23FAF3FEC3C353" blockId="29.[113,648,1308,1348]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
FIG. 41. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B075C13EB80FAF2FE33C33A" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[210,393,1308,1325]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumidum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EB80FAF2FE33C33A" box="[210,393,1308,1325]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Lissoclinum tumidum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B075C13EAC2FAF3FE79C339" box="[400,451,1309,1326]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EA82FAF2FE67C33A" bold="true" box="[464,477,1308,1325]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">A</emphasis>
, larve;
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13E973FAF2FD94C33A" bold="true" box="[545,558,1308,1325]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">B</emphasis>
, spicules. Échelles: A, 250 μm; B, 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13EBD9FA62FDD7C3B0" blockId="29.[139,621,1420,1478]" box="[139,621,1420,1447]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
Famille
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B075C13EBB3FA62FDD7C3B0" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1842" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1842" box="[225,621,1420,1447]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">POLYCLINIDAE Milne-Edwards, 1842</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

333
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<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17E848FC9FFBB8C59B" bold="true" box="[794,1026,881,908]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Lissoclinum panthera</emphasis>
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(
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;
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.
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off
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NW
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, coll.
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,
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,
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B035C17EF09FC14FBD2C205" box="[1115,1128,1018,1042]" collectionCode="CRCHO" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">1</specimenCode>
colonie (
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<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B035C17E85AFBFAFC9EC23B" box="[776,804,1044,1068]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">A2</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B035C17E879FBFAFCC7C23B" box="[811,893,1044,1068]" collectionCode="LIS" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">LIS 172</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9F7FBAEFC33C2B1" blockId="25.[675,1210,965,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B035C17E9F7FBAEFC37C241" box="[677,909,1088,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</collectionCode>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17E8E0FBD1FB00C240" bold="true" box="[946,1210,1087,1111]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B035C17E8E0FBD1FB0CC240" box="[946,1206,1087,1111]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Reef off Normanby Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B035C17E8CFFBB7FC41C266" box="[925,1019,1113,1137]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="44.20" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" precision="9" value="-9.736667">9°44.20’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B035C17EF51FBB7FBC1C266" box="[1027,1147,1113,1137]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="44.38" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" precision="9" value="150.73967">150°44.38’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B035C17EFD1FBB7FB0CC266" box="[1155,1206,1113,1137]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B035C17E9F1FB9AFCB3C29B" box="[675,777,1140,1164]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" value="2002-01-16">16.I.2002</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin,
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B035C17E894FB9AFB9EC29B" box="[966,1060,1140,1164]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">CRCHO</collectionCode>
487, 1 colonie (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B035C17E9FFFB60FCBBC2B1" box="[685,769,1166,1190]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B035C17E879FB60FCF4C2B1" box="[811,846,1166,1190]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">LIS</collectionCode>
173).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B035C15E9F7FB54FE45C0B3" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="826" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9F7FB54FB00C2C6" blockId="25.[675,1210,965,1234]" box="[677,1210,1209,1234]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Taches comme celles d’une panthère.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9F7FB00FC8FC311" blockId="25.[675,1210,1262,1700]" box="[677,821,1262,1288]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9F7FAE3FC38C0B3" blockId="25.[675,1210,1262,1700]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
Les colonies sont encroûtantes, de couleur orange selon le collecteur, souples, de
<quantity id="800BECF23B035C17EF5AFAC3FBEAC35F" box="[1032,1104,1325,1352]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
environ. La couleur disparaît à la fixation. La surface des colonies, sans pellicule aspiculaire superficielle, est divisée en mailles polygonales irrégulières par les canaux cloacaux (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B035C17E882FA45FB8DC3D1" box="[976,1079,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Fig. 75F</figureCitation>
) au-dessus desquels les spicules sont moins denses et qui apparaissent plus foncés. Les ouvertures buccales sont disposées le long des canaux cloacaux. Les zoïdes sont groupés en amas séparés par la cavité cloacale commune qui s’étend sous la couche abdominale. Les larves sont incubées dans la partie basale de la colonie.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B005C14E9F7FD48FD65C4DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690101" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690101/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" startId="26.[677,688,678,695]" targetBox="[113,1212,215,1210]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="474C41173B005C14E9F7FD48FD65C4DA" blockId="26.[677,1208,677,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">
FIG. 38. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B005C14E85EFD4BFC77C4A1" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[780,973,677,694]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panthera" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14E85EFD4BFC77C4A1" box="[780,973,677,694]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">Lissoclinum panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B005C14E887FD48FBB7C4A0" box="[981,1037,678,695]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B005C14EB23FB14FE0AC336" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893730" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893730/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" startId="26.[113,124,1274,1291]" targetBox="[110,652,204,1228]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="474C41173B005C14EB23FB14FE0AC336" blockId="26.[113,647,1273,1313]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">
FIG. 37. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B005C14EB83FB17FE3DC31D" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[209,391,1273,1290]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panthera" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14EB83FB17FE3DC31D" box="[209,391,1273,1290]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">Lissoclinum panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B005C14EADFFB14FE05C31C" box="[397,447,1274,1291]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14EA9EFB17FE63C31D" bold="true" box="[460,473,1273,1290]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14E97BFB17FD8CC31D" bold="true" box="[553,566,1273,1290]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14E911FB17FDEBC31D" bold="true" box="[579,593,1273,1290]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">C</emphasis>
, deux abdomens;
<emphasis id="75879D053B005C14EB85FAFEFF5FC336" bold="true" box="[215,229,1296,1313]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B005C14EBDAFA82FD8AC0B3" blockId="26.[111,649,1388,1700]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B005C14EA57FA82FEEBC390" box="[261,337,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1274,1291]" captionTargetBox="[110,652,204,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[89,667,198,1239]" captionText="FIG. 37. — Lissoclinum panthera n. sp.: A, thorax; B, C, deux abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893730/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
A-C) sont très contractés, ils mesurent 1,7 mm. Le siphon buccal est étroit, bordé de 6petits lobes.L’ouverture cloacale est très large et ne porte pas de languette (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B005C14EA1DFA25FE12C3F1" box="[335,424,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[113,124,1274,1291]" captionTargetBox="[110,652,204,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[89,667,198,1239]" captionText="FIG. 37. — Lissoclinum panthera n. sp.: A, thorax; B, C, deux abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893730/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">Fig.37A</figureCitation>
).La branchie a 4 rangs de stigmates allongés, leur nombre par rang est élevé, il y en a au moins 11 de chaque côté dans le premier rang. Les languettes du raphé sont particulièrement longues et filiformes.Les organes thoraciques latéraux circulaires sont situés au dessus du deuxième sinus transverse. Il n’y a pas d’appendice fixateur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B005C14E9F4FB40FC2CC011" blockId="26.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">bien différencié avec 4 rangs de stigmates, ocelle et otolithe, mais n’occupe qu’une faible partie du volume total.Il n’y a pas de bourgeon mais une grosse masse vitelline sphérique. En fin de développement un massif cellulaire plus dense apparaît à la base de la queue. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont portées sur des tiges épaisses. Elles sont bordées d’un nombre variable de vésicules, allant jusqu’à 16 en un rang un peu irrégulier. Ces vésicules elles-mêmes sont de tailles diverses. Le manteau de la larve n’a pas de cellules vacuolaires.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B005C15E9E9F9E4FEE4C55A" blockId="26.[674,1212,786,1700]" lastBlockId="27.[113,646,786,845]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="826" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B005C14E86EF9E4FC3FC032" box="[828,901,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[677,688,678,695]" captionTargetBox="[113,1212,215,1210]" captionTargetId="figure-19@26.[89,667,198,1239]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 38. — Lissoclinum panthera n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690101/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="825">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
) de tailles très diverses peuvent atteindre une grande taille, en moyenne
<quantity id="800BECF23B005C14EF08F9C4FB09C052" box="[1114,1203,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
, et jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B005C14E84AF9A4FCCAC072" box="[792,880,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="825" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
pour les plus grands. Ils sont formés d’un nombre variable de rayons, issus d’un centre très peu dense. Il y a peu d’aiguilles longues et pointues, et entre elles des aiguilles plus courtes de longueurs inégales.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B015C15EB23FD75FF14C4D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690103/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" startId="27.[113,124,667,684]" targetBox="[115,644,215,614]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15EB23FD75FF14C4D4" blockId="27.[113,646,666,707]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
FIG. 39. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EB80FD74FE5FC4BB" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[210,485,666,684]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reginum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EB80FD74FE38C4BC" box="[210,386,666,683]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum reginum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15EADBFD75FE5FC4BB" author="KOTT P." box="[393,485,667,684]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15EB23FC9CFF49C59D" blockId="27.[111,649,882,1700]" box="[113,243,882,908]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15EB23FC7FFEDBC25D" blockId="27.[111,649,882,1700]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
Cette espèce se différencie de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EAFDFC7FFE6CC5DC" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guinense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EAFDFC7FFD3CC5BC" box="[431,646,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum guinense</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
</taxonomicName>
par la forme des spicules, plus petits, à rayons inégaux et formés de baguettes dont les fibres sont peu soudées, et par la larve qui n’a que quatre paires de vésicules latérales aux papilles adhésives.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15EBDAFBA1FDEBC390" blockId="27.[111,649,882,1700]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
Les zoïdes décrits par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15EA2AFBA1FE41C27D" author="KOTT P." box="[376,507,1103,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001)</bibRefCitation>
sous le nom de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EBC2FB80FF10C2BE" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taratara">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EBC2FB80FEDBC29F" box="[144,353,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum taratara</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15EA71FB60FED2C2BE" box="[291,360,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
et les spicules atteignent 0,1 mm entre les plus longs rayons, ce qui correspond plutôt aux mensurations de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EACDFB20FDADC2F0" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[415,535,1229,1255]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panthera" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EACDFB20FDADC2F0" box="[415,535,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B015C15E94CFB20FDE0C2FE" box="[542,602,1230,1257]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Les mensurations des zoïdes et des spicules de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15E94EFB00FD3CC310" box="[540,646,1262,1287]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taratara">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E94EFB00FD3CC310" box="[540,646,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. taratara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pour les colonies de Polynésie (
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B015C15EA98FAE3FE46C33F" box="[458,508,1293,1320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">type</typeStatus>
) et celles de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B015C15EB21FAC3FE34C35F" box="[115,398,1325,1352]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
(Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C. 2001) sont nettement inférieures,
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15E954FAA2FDF2C370" box="[518,584,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
pour les zoïdes et
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15EBA5FA82FE84C390" box="[247,318,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 µm</quantity>
au plus pour les spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15EBDAFA62FE45C0B3" blockId="27.[111,649,882,1700]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15EBDAFA62FE89C3B0" author="KOTT P." box="[136,307,1420,1447]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="37 - 81" refId="ref36679" refString="KOTT P. 2004 a. - Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37 - 81." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott (2004a:66)</bibRefCitation>
nomme
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EADEFA62FE4FC3B2" box="[396,501,1420,1445]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taratara">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EADEFA62FE4FC3B2" box="[396,501,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. taratara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des spécimens provenant de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B015C15EBA5FA45FEE9C3D1" box="[247,339,1451,1478]" name="Ashmore and Cartier Islands" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Ashmore</collectingCountry>
Reef,sans les décrire,précisant seulement que les spicules mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15EAB8FA25FD95C3F1" box="[490,559,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
et qu’ils sont répartis seulement en deux couches (superficielle et basale), ce qui n’est pas le cas des autres colonies de l’espèce. D’autre part Kott figure une colonie opaque de couleur brun foncé (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15EA0AF9A4FE08C072" box="[344,434,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1356,1373]" captionTargetBox="[121,641,215,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[104,661,209,1328]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 25.— Polysyncraton horridum n.sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, testicule; D, languette cloacale; E, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690085/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
) mais écrit qu’elle est translucide.Ces spécimens ne peuvent correspondre ni à
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15EBCDF964FEB5C0B4" box="[159,271,1674,1699]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taratara">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EBCDF964FEB5C0B4" box="[159,271,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. taratara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ni à
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<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15EA17F964FE07C0B4" box="[325,445,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">L. panthera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B015C15EA96F967FE45C0B3" box="[452,511,1673,1700]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15E852FF39FBE4C6E4" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[768,1118,215,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reginum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E852FF39FC5AC6E5" bold="true" box="[768,992,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum reginum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15E8B5FF36FBE4C6E4" author="KOTT P." box="[999,1118,216,243]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E832FF16FC44C704" blockId="27.[768,1118,215,275]" box="[864,1022,248,275]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E835FF16FC0DC704" box="[871,951,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[113,124,667,684]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,614]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[115,645,214,614]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG. 39. — Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690103/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Figs 39</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E89AFF16FC4CC704" box="[968,1014,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">75E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7FEDEFCABC774" blockId="27.[677,1209,304,355]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B015C15E9F7FEDEFCABC774" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B015C15E9F7FEDEFBA8C75E" author="KOTT P." box="[677,1042,304,329]" page="319" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B015C15E9F7FEDEFBA8C75E" authority="Kott, 2001: 319" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="2001" box="[677,1042,304,329]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Lissoclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reginum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E9F7FEDEFCDDC75F" box="[677,871,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Lissoclinum reginum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15E83DFEDFFBA8C75E" author="KOTT P." box="[879,1042,305,329]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001: 319</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, figs 144, 176G, pl. 20A-D.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7FE95FB11C45B" blockId="27.[675,1212,379,588]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B015C15E8C8FE95FC60C784" bold="true" box="[922,986,379,403]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B015C15E8C8FE95FC6FC784" box="[922,981,379,403]" name="Palau" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Mekeald,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15EF1AFE95FB0FC784" box="[1096,1205,379,403]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="28.10" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="7.4683332">7°28.10’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15E9F4FE7BFC91C7BA" box="[678,811,405,429]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="37.62" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="134.627">134°37.62’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B015C15E8D5FE7BFC45C7BA" box="[903,1023,405,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" value="2004-04-16">16.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN005 (MNHN A2 LIS 189). — Ngermeuangel Island, Flatworm Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15EF15FE24FB0CC7F5" box="[1095,1206,458,482]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="19.12" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="7.3186665">7°19.12’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15E9F7FE0BFC98C7EA" box="[677,802,485,509]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="134.50667">134°30.40’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B015C15E87CFE0BFC2FC7EA" box="[814,917,485,509]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" value="2001-09-08">8.IX.2001</date>
, coll. P. Schupp (MNHN A2 LIS 181). — Ngermeuangel Island, Flatworm Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15E9F4FDF7FCB4C426" box="[678,782,537,561]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="19.12" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="7.3186665">7°19.12’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B015C15E844FDF7FC28C426" box="[790,914,537,561]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" precision="9" value="134.50667">134°30.40’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,25 m,
<date id="334D67D73B015C15E8BEFDF7FBE5C426" box="[1004,1119,537,561]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" value="2005-06-13">13.VI.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, FLK034 (MNHN A2 LIS 183).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B015C15E9F7FD9AFB95C370" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7FD9AFC8FC49B" blockId="27.[674,1212,628,1383]" box="[677,821,628,654]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9F7FD7DFB9BC2DE" blockId="27.[674,1212,628,1383]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E867FD7DFC29C4B9" box="[821,915,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Fig. 75E</figureCitation>
) sont molles, encroûtantes, souvent divisées en lobes.Elles sont gonflées sous l’eau et toujours d’un rose intense.Les cellules pigmentaires sont abondantes dans la couche supérieure de la tunique, et dans le manteau des zoïdes et des larves.La structure des colonies et des zoïdes est celle décrite par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B015C15EFD5FCDCFD4AC57B" author="KOTT P." pageId="27" pageNumber="826" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001)</bibRefCitation>
.L’appendice fixateur est court, très facilement arraché à la dissection.La languette cloacale a une taille variable, elle peut être grande et large. Neuf stigmates occupent le premier rang branchial de chaque côté. Les 2 vésicules testiculaires sont en position transverse par rapport à la boucle intestinale et débordent un peu postérieurement. Les larves rondes mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B015C15E9F4FBC1FD4FC25D" box="[678,757,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="826" unit="mm" value="550.0">550 µm</quantity>
avec 3papilles adhésives et4 paires de vésicules antérieures, la queue décrit ½ tour. Le manteau de la larve contient de nombreuses cellules pigmentaires rondes.Les spicules sphériques de
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de diamètre ont des rayons en baguettes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B015C15E89AFB40FBAEC2DE" box="[968,1044,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="27.[113,124,667,684]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,614]" captionTargetId="figure-15@27.[115,645,214,614]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIG. 39. — Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690103/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9E9FB20FB32C33F" blockId="27.[674,1212,628,1383]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Plusieurs larves mal formées ont été trouvées et ceci est peut-être dû à la faible et variable salinité des lacs marins d’où proviennent les récoltes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B015C15E9E9FAC3FB95C370" blockId="27.[674,1212,628,1383]" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">
Les spécimens récoltés à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B015C15E89DFAC3FBB0C35F" box="[975,1034,1325,1352]" name="Palau" pageId="27" pageNumber="826">Palau</collectingCountry>
sont tout à fait conformes à la description originale.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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115
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<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBA8FBA0FE44C27E" bold="true" box="[250,510,1102,1129]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum tomarahi</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
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(
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)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EB23FB2BFEF2C2CA" box="[113,328,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum tomarahi</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 22
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, fig. 4E, G, pl. 1C (Polynésie). —
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, fig. 174H (
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<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EB23FAC6FF42C398" blockId="25.[113,646,1319,1423]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B035C17EA1FFAC9FE3EC328" box="[333,388,1319,1343]" name="Palau" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B035C17EA11FAACFE7BC34D" box="[323,449,1346,1370]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="26.82" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" precision="9" value="134.447">134°26.82’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B035C17E943FAACFD38C34D" box="[529,642,1346,1370]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" value="2006-04-28">28.IV.2006</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, MLN101, parties de colonies (MNHN A2 TRI 181).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B035C17EB23FA42FCA5C4F9" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EB23FA42FEB8C3D3" blockId="25.[111,648,1452,1700]" box="[113,258,1452,1478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EB23FA25FD9DC0B3" blockId="25.[111,648,1452,1700]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
Les colonies sont minces, cassantes et de couleur blanche (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B035C17EB82FA05FE88C011" box="[208,306,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Fig. 75D</figureCitation>
). Leur bord est aminci. La surface est lisse avec une très fine pellicule de tunique ayant peu de spicules. Les zoïdes sont incolores sauf la partie antérieure du thorax qui porte un pigment noir plus ou moins étendu. Une tache noire est toujours présente en haut de l’endostyle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9E9FF36FC1DC7A6" blockId="25.[674,1212,216,750]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Le siphon buccal est court à 6 lobes. Le siphon cloacal forme un tube court.On compte 11 stigmates dans le premier rang branchial et 10 dans les deux suivants. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont au-dessus du deuxième sinus transverse, près du siphon cloacal. La taille est courte avec un muscle rétracteur court et haut.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9E9FE58FCD5C4B9" blockId="25.[674,1212,216,750]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
Les régions du tube digestif sont bien marquées. La vésicule testiculaire plane porte 8 tours du spermiducte. Les larves ne sont pas présentes. Les spicules sont de deux sortes: les uns en astérisques de taille assez irrégulière ont des rayons pyramidaux et mesurent jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B035C17E8DEFDBAFBBBC478" box="[908,1025,596,623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" unit="mm" value="85.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="80.0">80-90 µm</quantity>
, d’autres moins nombreux et beaucoup plus petits ont de nombreux rayons en aiguilles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17E9E9FD5DFCA5C4F9" blockId="25.[674,1212,216,750]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
Tous les caractères correspondent bien au
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de l’espèce.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

149
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@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
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<emphasis id="75879D053B045C10EBA1FF39FE79C6E5" bold="true" box="[243,451,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Aplidium rhyparon</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B045C10EA98FF36FDBFC6E4" box="[458,517,216,243]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B045C11EA79FF16FF59C35F" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="830" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EA79FF16FE76C704" blockId="30.[243,517,215,275]" box="[299,460,248,275]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10EA61FF16FE38C704" box="[307,386,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Figs 43</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10EAC6FF16FE7EC704" box="[404,452,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">76C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EB23FEC5FF54C787" blockId="30.[112,647,298,400]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B045C10EB23FEC5FF71C756" box="[113,203,299,323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B045C10EBA6FEC4FDB3C755" bold="true" box="[244,521,298,322]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B045C10EBA6FEC4FDBCC755" box="[244,518,298,322]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Bismark Sea, Sherburne Reef,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B045C10EAD1FEAAFDBAC74B" box="[387,512,324,348]" degrees="148" direction="east" minutes="01.05" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" precision="9" value="148.0175">148°01.05’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B045C10E95EFEAAFD3AC74B" box="[524,640,324,348]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" value="2003-06-20">20.VI.2003</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO564, 2 colonies (MNHN A1 APL.B 460).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EB23FE47FDBAC7D7" blockId="30.[113,512,424,449]" box="[113,512,424,449]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du grec
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B045C10EA20FE46FE7CC7D7" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[370,454,424,448]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhyparon">
<emphasis id="75879D053B045C10EA20FE46FE7CC7D7" box="[370,454,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">rhyparon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: sale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EB23FE1BFEB8C41A" blockId="30.[111,649,501,1700]" box="[113,258,501,527]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EB23FDFBFE33C5DC" blockId="30.[111,649,501,1700]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10EBA7FDFBFEF5C427" box="[245,335,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig.76C</figureCitation>
) sont encroûtantes,très molles, de
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d’épaisseur et
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d’envergure, à bords lobés. La tunique ne contient pas de sédiment. La couleur générale est noire maculée de taches blanches qui entourent les ouvertures cloacales communes. Dans le formol la couleur blanche disparaît. La tunique contient d’abondantes cellules méandriformes noires qui la rendent opaque sauf sur les bords de la colonie d’aspect plus vitreux. Là, les thorax des zoïdes apparaissent en noir. Les individus sont disposés en une seule épaisseur. Ils forment des systèmes le long de canaux cloacaux en forme d’étoiles. Les zoïdes s’extraient facilement d’une matrice gélatineuse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EBDAFC3EFE4FC011" blockId="30.[111,649,501,1700]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
Le manteau thoracique et la branchie sont fortement pigmentés en noir, la couleur diminue sur l’abdomen et le post-abdomen. Le siphon buccal a 6 lobes pétaloïdes. Le siphon cloacal (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10E953FBC1FDC4C25D" box="[513,638,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig. 43A, B</figureCitation>
) est largement ouvert et porte sur son bord dorsal 3 grandes languettes bien séparées, la plus médiane étant souvent plus longue. La musculature thoracique est faible. Il y a 10 rangs de stigmates. L’abdomen est plus court que le thorax.Le tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10E95BFB20FDC7C2FE" box="[521,637,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig.43A, B</figureCitation>
) décrit une boucle droite. L’oesophage est mince, l’estomac a 16 à 20 plis longitudinaux bas, réguliers. Le post-estomac est tubulaire, le rectum débute par un net élargissement. Le post-abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10E942FAA2FDD7C370" box="[528,621,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig. 43C</figureCitation>
) a une longueur variable selon les zoïdes, mais égale au plus la longueur du thorax plus abdomen. L’ovaire est petit, proche de l’abdomen, suivi d’un bouquet de nombreux testicules qui occupent tout le postabdomen jusqu’au coeur (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10EAD6FA05FE52C011" box="[388,488,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig. 43C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10EBDAF9E4FC82C0B3" blockId="30.[111,649,501,1700]" lastBlockId="30.[676,1209,1610,1700]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
Quelques zoïdes possèdent un embryon incubé dans une poche dilatée faisant saillie à la base du thorax, mais sans pédoncule (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B045C10EAE6F9A4FDA3C072" box="[436,537,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[113,124,973,990]" captionTargetBox="[114,645,216,932]" captionTargetId="figure-15@31.[111,648,213,935]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 43. — Aplidium rhyparon n. sp.: A, zoïde en phase mâle; B, poche incubatrice; C, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Fig. 43C</figureCitation>
). Les plus gros embryons mesurent 1,05 mm, avec une queue faisant un tour complet. Leur pigment devient de plus en plus foncé au cours du développement, mais nous n’avons pas vu d’organe différencié dans le tronc.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B045C10E9B2F9E9FB3AC00F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690109" box="[736,1152,1543,1560]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690109/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" startId="30.[736,747,1543,1560]" targetBox="[727,1160,219,1503]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="474C41173B045C10E9B2F9E9FB3AC00F" blockId="30.[736,1152,1543,1560]" box="[736,1152,1543,1560]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">
FIG. 42. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B045C10E868F9E9FC72C00F" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[826,968,1543,1560]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B045C10E868F9E9FC72C00F" box="[826,968,1543,1560]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="829">Aplidium granum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B045C10E89FF9E9FC47C00F" box="[973,1021,1543,1560]" pageId="30" pageNumber="829" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Échelle: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B055C11EB23FC23FDA0C5E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690111" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690111/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" startId="31.[113,124,973,990]" targetBox="[114,645,216,932]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EB23FC23FDA0C5E3" blockId="31.[113,646,972,1012]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
FIG. 43. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B055C11EB83FC22FED4C5CA" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[209,366,972,989]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhyparon" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EB83FC22FED4C5CA" box="[209,366,972,989]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Aplidium rhyparon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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:
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EAE1FC22FE7AC5CA" bold="true" box="[435,448,972,989]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">A</emphasis>
, zoïde en phase mâle;
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EB21FC0DFFC5C5E3" bold="true" box="[115,127,995,1012]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">B</emphasis>
, poche incubatrice;
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EA78FC0DFE82C5E3" bold="true" box="[298,312,995,1012]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">C</emphasis>
, testicule. Échelles: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EB23FBDEFF49C25F" blockId="31.[111,649,1072,1352]" box="[113,243,1072,1098]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EB23FBA1FF59C35F" blockId="31.[111,649,1072,1352]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B055C11EB23FBA1FE82C27E" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[113,312,1103,1129]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhyparon" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EB23FBA1FE82C27E" box="[113,312,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Aplidium rhyparon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B055C11EA6CFBA1FEC3C27D" box="[318,377,1103,1130]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
se caractérise surtout par ses colonies très molles en coussins plats noirs, pigmentés de blanc sale, et ses zoïdes très pigmentés, mais aussi par la présence à la fois de longs lobes de la languette cloacale, de nombreux lobules testiculaires non alignés mais en grappe, d’une grosse larve incubée dans une dilatation de la base du thorax.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

187
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<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EBA7FA65FDB9C3B0" blockId="31.[245,515,1419,1478]" box="[245,515,1419,1447]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B055C11EBA7FA65FDB9C3B0" box="[245,515,1419,1447]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B055C11EBA7FA65FE7AC3B1" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[245,448,1419,1446]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EBA7FA65FE7AC3B1" bold="true" box="[245,448,1419,1446]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Aplidium venosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B055C11EA78FA45FB0DC0B3" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EA78FA45FE77C3D1" blockId="31.[245,515,1419,1478]" box="[298,461,1451,1478]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11EA63FA45FE3BC3D1" box="[305,385,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Figs 44</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11EAC1FA45FE7FC3D1" box="[403,453,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">76D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EB23FA02FF4AC045" blockId="31.[112,647,1515,1618]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B055C11EB23FA02FF71C015" box="[113,203,1516,1540]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11EBA1FA05FEF1C014" bold="true" box="[243,331,1515,1539]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B055C11EBA1FA05FEFDC014" box="[243,327,1515,1539]" name="Malaysia" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B055C11EA1DFA05FE30C014" box="[335,394,1515,1539]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Mabul Island, west Mabul Reef,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B055C11EA44F9E8FE28C009" box="[278,402,1542,1566]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="37.51" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" precision="9" value="118.62517">118°37.51’E</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B055C11EA85F9E8FDE9C009" box="[471,595,1542,1566]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" value="2004-07-22">22.VII.2004</date>
, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1477-O, 6 colonies (MNHN A1 APL.B 467).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11EB23F99CFD3DC0B4" blockId="31.[113,647,1648,1699]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B055C11EACCF99EFE48C09F" box="[414,498,1648,1672]" name="Malaysia" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B055C11EAACF99FFD81C09E" box="[510,571,1649,1673]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Mabul Island, west Mabul Reef,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B055C11EA0FF965FE7EC0B4" box="[349,452,1675,1699]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="14.37" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" precision="9" value="4.2395">4°14.37’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B055C11EA9EF965FDFDC0B4" box="[460,583,1675,1699]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="37.55" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" precision="9" value="118.62583">118°37.55’E</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F1FF39FC1EC71E" blockId="31.[675,1207,215,265]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
<date id="334D67D73B055C11E9F1FF39FCACC6F8" box="[675,790,215,239]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" value="2004-11-20">20.XI.2004</date>
, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG
<date id="334D67D73B055C11EF5FFF39FBEDC6F8" box="[1037,1111,215,239]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" value="1116-05">1116-V</date>
, 1 colonie (MNHN A1 APL.B 468).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F7FECCFBEAC72E" blockId="31.[677,1104,289,314]" box="[677,1104,289,314]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11E8F8FECCFC54C72E" box="[938,1006,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">venosus</emphasis>
: veineux.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F7FEB9FC8FC778" blockId="31.[674,1212,343,1573]" box="[677,821,343,369]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F7FE98FBDDC498" blockId="31.[674,1212,343,1573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E86AFE98FC24C786" box="[824,926,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 76D</figureCitation>
) sont abondantes de
<quantity id="800BECF23B055C11EFD8FE98FD61C7A6" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10 à 25 m</quantity>
de profondeur sur les parois des récifs coralliens. Elles sont rouges ou rouge-orangé, encroûtantes, molles, sans incrustation. Elles mesurent de
<quantity id="800BECF23B055C11EFCBFE3BFD4BC407" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2 à 10 cm</quantity>
. La surface est lisse, marquée d’un réseau complexe de «veines » transparentes entre des îlots de zoïdes dont les orifices buccaux sont entourés d’un pigment blanc. La surface des colonies est résistante et contraste avec la tunique interne molle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9E9FD7DFC37C31F" blockId="31.[674,1212,343,1573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E861FD7DFC14C4B9" box="[819,942,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44A, B</figureCitation>
) sont longs et minces, les moins contractés atteignent
<quantity id="800BECF23B055C11E89BFD5DFC47C4D9" box="[969,1021,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
quand le testicule est bien développé.Les zoïdes sont perpendiculaires à la surface des colonies. Le siphon buccal a 6 lobes et un fort sphincter. Le siphon cloacal est étroit, en court tube prolongé dorsalement par une languette simple (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E9A6FCBFFCEBC57B" box="[756,849,849,876]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44C</figureCitation>
); il s’ouvre au niveau du deuxième ou troisième rang de stigmates. Il y a en moyenne 8 filets musculaires de chaque côté du thorax. La branchie a 10 rangs de stigmates et 10 stigmates par demi-rang. L’oesophage est particulièrement large, aplati (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E865FC1EFC26C21C" box="[823,924,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44A</figureCitation>
). L’estomac (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11EF79FC1EFB34C21C" box="[1067,1166,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44A</figureCitation>
) est fortement marqué par 20 plis longitudinaux ininterrompus. Le post-estomac est mince suivi d’un intestin moyen élargi qui forme le fond de la boucle digestive. L’intestin postérieur débute avec 2 caeca. Le post-abdomen est très long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E8A0FB60FBE9C2BE" box="[1010,1107,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44B</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire se situe à quelque distance de l’abdomen suivi par une rangée de lobes testiculaires qui n’atteint pas l’extrémité cardiaque.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9E9FAE3FC2FC032" blockId="31.[674,1212,343,1573]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
Deux à trois larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B055C11E8F1FAE3FBB4C33F" box="[931,1038,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" captionTargetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-19@32.[659,1228,184,1454]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 44. — Aplidium venosum n. sp.: A, thorax et abdomen; B, post-abdomen du même zoïde; C, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">Fig. 44D</figureCitation>
) sont incubées dans la cavité péri-branchiale, une seule à la fois atteint la maturité. Le tronc, allongé, mesure 0,65 mm et la queue décrit trois quarts de tour. Les 3 papilles adhésives alternent avec 4 vésicules dont les 2 médianes sont particulièrement longues. Une couronne de 2 rangs irréguliers de vésicules entoure la base des papilles adhésives. Ocelle et otolithe sont présents.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F7F9A4FC9DC075" blockId="31.[674,1210,1610,1700]" box="[677,807,1610,1636]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B055C11E9F7F987FB0DC0B3" blockId="31.[674,1210,1610,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">
Par la structure de sa larve et son estomac à nombreux plis longitudinaux
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B055C11E83CF967FC5FC0B4" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[878,997,1673,1699]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B055C11E83CF967FC5FC0B4" box="[878,997,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="830">A. venosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B055C11E8BFF967FB92C0B3" box="[1005,1064,1673,1700]" pageId="31" pageNumber="830" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
se rapproche
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3A5C2EEB23FF36FEC7C57B" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2EEB23FF36FEC7C57B" blockId="32.[111,648,216,876]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EEB9BFF36FE90C6E5" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[201,298,216,242]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEB9BFF36FE90C6E5" box="[201,298,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tropicaux du Pacifique.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EE977FF36FECAC704" authority="Kott, 1992" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congregatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE977FF36FF49C706" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium congregatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3A5C2EEBABFF16FECAC704" author="KOTT P." box="[249,368,248,275]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
diffère par des zoïdes plus petits avec une languette cloacale fourchue, un peu plus de rangs de stigmates et la présence de sable dans la tunique.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EEBBFFEB8FEEFC786" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996 a" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="controversum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEBBFFEB8FE5BC767" box="[237,481,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium controversum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996 a
</taxonomicName>
plus de stigmates par rang, une forme du tube digestif différente et des larves plus grandes sans vésicules impaires.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EE94DFE5BFE3DC7E7" authority="Kott, 1992 a" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geminatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE94DFE5BFF56C7F8" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium geminatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3A5C2EEBA7FE3BFEC9C7E7" author="KOTT P." box="[245,371,469,496]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott, 1992</bibRefCitation>
a
</taxonomicName>
15 rangs de stigmates et une languette cloacale trifide; les colonies sont pédonculées.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EEBACFDFBFD38C427" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[254,642,533,560]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multiplicatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEBACFDFBFE4EC438" box="[254,500,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium multiplicatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3A5C2EEAABFDFBFD38C427" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[505,642,533,560]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, selon
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3A5C2EEBFEFDDAFE96C458" author="KOTT P." box="[172,300,564,591]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott (1992)</bibRefCitation>
a des pigments blancs en surface des colonies; la larve est plus grande et les vésicules épidermiques plus courtes entre les papilles adhésives; il y a plus de stigmates par rang.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EEA99FD7DFF5CC4D9" authority="Kott, 1992" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="opacum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEA99FD7DFD3EC4BA" box="[459,644,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium opacum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3A5C2EEB23FD5DFF5CC4D9" author="KOTT P." box="[113,230,691,718]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
possède également des cellules blanches opaques autour des zoïdes et un même système de canaux cloacaux, mais les lobes buccaux sont bifides et la languette cloacale a trois lobes; la larve est plus grande. Toutes les espèces ci-dessus sont étroitement apparentées.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B075C13EBABFA04FE45C011" box="[249,511,1514,1542]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13EBABFA04FE45C011" blockId="29.[249,511,1514,1573]" box="[249,511,1514,1542]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B075C13EBABFA04FE45C011" box="[249,511,1514,1542]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EBABFA04FE06C012" bold="true" box="[249,444,1514,1541]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Aplidium granum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B075C13EA96FA05FE45C011" box="[452,511,1515,1542]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B075C13EA7FF9E4FB38C0B3" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" type="description">
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B075C13EAC7F9E4FE79C032" box="[405,451,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">76B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13EB23F9ACFF45C062" blockId="29.[113,646,1602,1653]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B075C13EB23F9ACFF70C04D" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[113,202,1602,1626]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EB23F9ACFF70C04D" box="[113,202,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Aplidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. B – Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 1996: 143, fig. 3C, pl.
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ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
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<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EA25F962FE7AC0B4" box="[375,448,1676,1699]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">granum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: grain.
</paragraph>
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. —
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.
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New Hanover, Mascot Channel,
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,
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,
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,
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, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO585 (MNHN A1 APL.B 461).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9F7FE99FC8FC798" blockId="29.[674,1212,375,1415]" box="[677,821,375,401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9F7FE78FB0FC458" blockId="29.[674,1212,375,1415]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B075C13E866FE78FC2FC7A6" box="[820,917,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Fig. 76B</figureCitation>
), échelonnées sur des branches d’hydraires forment des boules de
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de diamètre. La coloration rouge est due aux zoïdes qui apparaissent par transparence à travers la tunique vitreuse incrustée de sable fin. La consistance est molle. L’ouverture cloacale commune est apicale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9E9FDBAFC3DC25D" blockId="29.[674,1212,375,1415]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B075C13E86BFDBAFC32C478" box="[825,904,596,623]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[736,747,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[727,1160,219,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-19@30.[710,1177,204,1521]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 42. — Aplidium granum n. sp. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690109/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
) sont courts avec un thorax plus long que l’abdomen et le post-abdomen réunis. Le siphon buccal a 6 grands lobes. Le siphon cloacal est soit étroit, soit très largement ouvert (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B075C13EF0AFD5DFB1FC4D9" box="[1112,1189,691,718]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[736,747,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[727,1160,219,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-19@30.[710,1177,204,1521]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 42. — Aplidium granum n. sp. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690109/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
); une languette trifide prolonge son bord dorsal. Une vingtaine de tentacules de 3 ordres alternent sur un cercle. Le bourrelet péripharyngien n’est pas indenté au niveau du tubercule vibratile. Un espace imperforé précède la branchie. La branchie a invariablement 7 rangs de stigmates ininterrompus sur la ligne dorsale. Les languettes du raphé sont courtes, décalées à gauche. On compte environ 15 stigmates dans le premier rang à gauche, nombre qui varie selon les zoïdes. Une ligne de cellules réfringentes borde l’endostyle. La musculature thoracique est faible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9E9FBA1FC30C390" blockId="29.[674,1212,375,1415]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
L’abdomen est plus étroit que le thorax. L’estomac a 5 plis en ailettes. Le post-estomac est cylindrique, séparé de l’intestin par une constriction. L’intestin postérieur débute par des caeca. L’anus débouche au niveau de l’avant-dernier sinus transverse. Le post-abdomen, est extrêmement court (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B075C13EF6DFB03FB36C31F" box="[1087,1164,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[736,747,1543,1560]" captionTargetBox="[727,1160,219,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-19@30.[710,1177,204,1521]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 42. — Aplidium granum n. sp. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690109/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
), il a des prolongements vasculaires. Le testicule consiste en une petite grappe de vésicules.Le spermiducte est droit et longe le rectum. Nous n’avons pas trouvé d’ovaires ni de larves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9F7FA42FC9DC3D3" blockId="29.[674,1210,1452,1700]" box="[677,807,1452,1478]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B075C13E9F7FA25FB38C0B3" blockId="29.[674,1210,1452,1700]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B075C13E9F7FA25FCE6C3F2" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[677,860,1483,1509]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13E9F7FA25FCE6C3F2" box="[677,860,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Aplidium granum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B075C13E830FA25FC21C3F1" box="[866,923,1483,1510]" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
se distingue par la forme et la couleur des colonies, de longs lobes buccaux, la présence de 7 rangs de stigmates et un post-abdomen très court.Tous les caractères correspondent aux spécimens décrits de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B075C13E805F9A4FC35C072" box="[855,911,1610,1637]" name="Palau" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Palau</collectingCountry>
sous le nom d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B075C13EF76F9A4FB39C073" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[1060,1155,1610,1636]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="29" pageNumber="828" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B075C13EF76F9A4FB39C073" box="[1060,1155,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="828">Aplidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. B par Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. (1996). Cette espèce discrète doit avoir une plus large répartition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

117
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B095C1DEBE4F9E4FDF8C032" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[182,578,1546,1573]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="818" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lapidosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B095C1DEBE4F9E4FE7EC032" bold="true" box="[182,452,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Trididemnum lapidosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B095C1DEA99F9E4FDF8C032" author="KOTT P." box="[459,578,1546,1573]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B095C1DEACFF9C4FE00C052" box="[413,442,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,124,647,664]" captionTargetBox="[111,1206,215,1035]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 28.— Trididemnum lapidosum Kott,2001, spicules. Échelle: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690089/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">28</figureCitation>
)
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B095C1DEA19F99EFDEDC09F" box="[331,599,1648,1672]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B095C1DE90DF99EFF56C0B4" country="Papua New Guinea" name="East New Britain" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">East New Britain</collectingRegion>
, Pidgeon Island,
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,
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,
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,
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, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO511 (MNHN A2 TRI 166).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B095C1DE9F7FED9FB03C0B3" pageId="19" pageNumber="818" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9F7FED9FC8FC758" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" box="[677,821,311,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9F7FEB9FB8DC4B9" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">
L’unique colonie récoltée mesure
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d’envergure, elle est plane et de
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d’épaisseur en moyenne. À l’état vivant, elle avait une couleur pêche, elle est décolorée en formol, mais les zoïdes gardent une teinte jaune. Le bord de la colonie est épais. La surface est un peu rugueuse, percée d’orifices cloacaux légèrement surélevés, ronds largement ouverts. Les spicules sont denses dans toute l’épaisseur de la colonie et la rendent solide, mais elle reste flexible. Les ouvertures buccales sont très régulièrement réparties donnant un aspect ponctué.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9E9FD5DFBF3C53A" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">La cavité cloacale commune est spacieuse mais limitée à la zone des thorax. Les abdomens sont inclus dans la couche basale qui contient aussi des inclusions de couleur orange ou brune.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9E9FCDCFD64C5DC" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">
Les zoïdes les moins contractés (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B095C1DEF49FCDCFBC6C55A" box="[1051,1148,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[113,123,1155,1172]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,217,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[100,656,203,1123]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 27.— Trididemnum lapidosum Kott,2001: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690087/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
) sont grands, 2,5 mm, le thorax et l’abdomen sont allongés dans le prolongement l’un de l’autre et séparés par un pédoncule oesophago-rectal particulièrement long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9E9FC3EFB85C3F1" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">
Le siphon buccal en forme d’entonnoir est bordé de 6 lobes triangulaires. Le siphon cloacal est court, étroit à 5 lobes et s’ouvre en face du deuxième rang de stigmates. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont circulaires, au dessus du troisième rang de stigmates, près du siphon cloacal. Il existe un espace imperforé antérieur à la branchie qui n’apparaît que sur des animaux peu contractés. La branchie a un très grand nombre de stigmates, de chaque côté 18 au moins pour le premier rang et 16 au plus pour les 2 derniers rangs. L’appendice fixateur, situé immédiatement sous le thorax, est extrêmement petit, souvent représenté par un simple bouton (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B095C1DEF77FAA2FB36C370" box="[1061,1164,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[113,123,1155,1172]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,217,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[100,656,203,1123]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 27.— Trididemnum lapidosum Kott,2001: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690087/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Fig. 27A</figureCitation>
). Le pédoncule oesophago-rectal est très long et étroit et porte 2 bourgeons à son entrée dans l’abdomen. La boucle digestive est allongée, droite (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B095C1DEF06FA45FD03C3F1" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="19.[113,123,1155,1172]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,217,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-15@19.[100,656,203,1123]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIG. 27.— Trididemnum lapidosum Kott,2001: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690087/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Fig. 27B, C</figureCitation>
); l’estomac est long, très peu renflé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9E9FA05FCD3C072" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">La vésicule testiculaire unique et sphérique porte 6 tours de spermiducte. L’ovaire se développe contre le testicule. Nous n’avons pas trouvé de larves dans la colonie étudiée.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B095C1DE9E9F987FB03C0B3" blockId="19.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B095C1DE817F987FC28C093" box="[837,914,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[113,124,647,664]" captionTargetBox="[111,1206,215,1035]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 28.— Trididemnum lapidosum Kott,2001, spicules. Échelle: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690089/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
) sont très grands (
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), en astérisques à pointes longues, très réguliers. Ils
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

237
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@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
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<emphasis id="75879D053B0B5C1FEB8BF9C4FE64C052" bold="true" box="[217,478,1578,1605]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Polysyncraton horridum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B0B5C1FEAB6F9C4FDA5C052" box="[484,543,1578,1605]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FEA44F9A4FE5BC072" blockId="17.[217,543,1578,1637]" box="[278,481,1610,1637]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FEA2CF9A4FE20C072" box="[382,410,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[677,688,654,671]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,611]" captionTargetId="figure-63@18.[678,1208,214,611]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 26. — Polysyncraton horridum n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690083/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">26</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FEAFEF9A4FE60C072" box="[428,474,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">75A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B0B5C1FEB23F962FF61C0B5" box="[113,219,1676,1699]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0B5C1FEA59F965FEFFC0B4" box="[267,325,1675,1699]" name="Palau" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="422C17CC3B0B5C1FEA02F965FE6BC0B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B0B5C1DEB8BF9C4FE46C390:422C17CC3B0B5C1FEA02F965FE6BC0B4" box="[336,465,1675,1699]" country="Palau" municipality="Koror-Babeldaob" name="Toachel Mid" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Toachel Mid</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A728DB6D3B0B5C1FEA8FF965FD3CC0B4" box="[477,646,1675,1699]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Koror-Babeldaob</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9F4FF39FD61C733" blockId="17.[675,1211,215,292]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
Channel,
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,
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,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0B5C1FE8A4FF39FB87C6F8" box="[1014,1085,215,239]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" unit="m" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7-20 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0B5C1FEF14FF39FB02C6F8" box="[1094,1208,215,239]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" value="2001-11-29">29.XI.2001</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN6281-M (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0B5C1FEF50FF1FFBE2C71E" box="[1026,1112,241,265]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0B5C1FEFD4FF1FFB0DC71E" box="[1158,1207,241,265]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">POL</collectionCode>
105).
</paragraph>
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0B5C1FE867FED2FCCAC743" box="[821,880,316,340]" name="Palau" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror-Babeldaob channel,
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,
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,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0B5C1FEF5FFEB8FBEBC779" box="[1037,1105,342,366]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" unit="m" value="19.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="6.0">6-33m</quantity>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN6281-M (
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A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0B5C1FEF5FFE9EFB87C79F" box="[1037,1085,368,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">POL</collectionCode>
104).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9F7FE4FFCA8C410" blockId="17.[675,1211,416,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0B5C1FE8EEFE4EFC49C7AF" box="[956,1011,416,440]" name="Palau" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror- Babeldaob Channel,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0B5C1FE8BDFE55FBD4C7C4" box="[1007,1134,443,467]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.90" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" precision="9" value="134.515">134°30.90’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0B5C1FEF29FE55FB09C7C4" box="[1147,1203,443,467]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0B5C1FE9F4FE3BFCABC7FA" box="[678,785,469,493]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816" value="1994-06-03">3.VI.1994</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0CDN2398-P (MNHN A2 POL 103).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9F7FDCEFBEAC420" blockId="17.[677,1104,543,568]" box="[677,1104,543,568]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B0B5C1FE8F8FDF1FC42C420" box="[938,1016,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">horridus</emphasis>
: hérissé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9F7FDBBFC8FC47A" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" box="[677,821,597,623]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9F7FD9AFC29C23C" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FE876FD9AFCC1C498" box="[804,891,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Fig.75A</figureCitation>
)récoltées en diverses stations ont toutes le même aspect.Épaisses de
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, elles sont souples, de couleur brun vert plus ou moins foncé, le liquide fixateur prend une couleur noire.La surface est régulièrement surélevée en dômes au sommet desquels s’ouvrent les orifices cloacaux communs bordés de 5 à 7 papilles digitiformes remplies de spicules. La surface de la colonie est lisse mais apparaît fripée par contraction. La forme générale des colonies dépend du support qu’elles encroûtent. Souvent repliées sur elles-mêmes, les colonies contiennent alors des débris divers et du sédiment. La surface des colonies devient plus ou moins verdâtre par la présence de Prochloron en surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9E9FBC1FC54C31F" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Les colonies se composent de 2 couches. La couche supérieure qui contient d’abondantes cellules pigmentaires brunes, des spicules étoilés et les thorax des zoïdes. Elle est séparée de la couche basale, qui contient les abdomens et les larves, par de vastes canaux cloacaux. Les spicules sont abondants dans toute l’épaisseur de la tunique.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9E9FAE3FC80C370" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
Les zoïdes ont un thorax large (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FEF70FAE3FB33C33F" box="[1058,1161,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1356,1373]" captionTargetBox="[121,641,215,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[104,661,209,1328]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 25.— Polysyncraton horridum n.sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, testicule; D, languette cloacale; E, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690085/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
). Le siphon buccal est bordé de 6 lobes filiformes, il est court et large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9E9FA82FBFDC032" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
L’ouverture cloacale est très grande et porte antérieurement une languette bifide plus ou moins grande selon l’emplacement du zoïde (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FEF01FA45FD04C3F1" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1356,1373]" captionTargetBox="[121,641,215,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[104,661,209,1328]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 25.— Polysyncraton horridum n.sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, testicule; D, languette cloacale; E, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690085/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Fig. 25A, D</figureCitation>
). Les organes thoraciques latéraux se situent au niveau du premier sinus branchial, ou au deuxième rang de stigmates au bord du manteau.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0B5C1FE9E9F9C4FCB9C0B3" blockId="17.[674,1212,597,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">
La branchie compte en moyenne 12 stigmates de chaque côté dans les 3 premiers rangs, 9 à 10 stigmates dans le 4
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rang. Le manteau est coloré en brun.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1CE9F7FD60FD65C4A1" blockId="18.[677,1209,654,694]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">
FIG. 26. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B085C1CE85AFD60FC62C488" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[776,984,654,671]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CE85AFD60FC62C488" box="[776,984,654,671]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Polysyncraton horridum</emphasis>
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, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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FIG. 25.—
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<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CEB95FAA5FE33C34B" box="[199,393,1355,1372]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Polysyncraton horridum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B085C1CEADFFAA2FE01C34A" box="[397,443,1356,1373]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CEA97FAA5FE68C34B" bold="true" box="[453,466,1355,1372]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CE948FAA5FD9DC34B" bold="true" box="[538,551,1355,1372]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CEB22FA8CFFC4C364" bold="true" box="[112,126,1378,1395]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">C</emphasis>
, testicule;
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CEBB2FA8CFF54C364" bold="true" box="[224,238,1378,1395]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">D</emphasis>
, languette cloacale;
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CEAF3FA8CFE17C364" bold="true" box="[417,429,1378,1395]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">E</emphasis>
, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1CEBDAFA25FB2AC53A" blockId="18.[112,649,1483,1700]" lastBlockId="18.[674,1211,754,1193]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">
La taille est courte et porte un appendice fixateur plus court que la longueur du thorax. L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B085C1CEB2BF9E4FF40C032" box="[121,250,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1356,1373]" captionTargetBox="[121,641,215,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[104,661,209,1328]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 25.— Polysyncraton horridum n.sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, testicule; D, languette cloacale; E, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690085/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Fig. 25B, C</figureCitation>
) est coloré en brun. La boucle intestinale est plane avec un estomac volumineux. Le testicule est constitué de 4 ou 5 lobes très serrés. Le spermiducte décrit 2 ou 3 tours lâches. L’ovaire est situé contre le testicule avec un seul ovocyte à la fois en maturation. Les embryons se développent au contact de l’abdomen et sont colorés en brun.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1CE9E9FCDCFBF7C21C" blockId="18.[674,1211,754,1193]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B085C1CE87AFCDCFC3BC55A" box="[808,897,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[113,124,1356,1373]" captionTargetBox="[121,641,215,1310]" captionTargetId="figure-19@18.[104,661,209,1328]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 25.— Polysyncraton horridum n.sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, testicule; D, languette cloacale; E, larve immature. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690085/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Fig.25E</figureCitation>
) ne sont présentes que dans les colonies récoltées en novembre et sont dans un état juvénile. Le tronc mesure
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. Aucun début de différenciation en organes n’est visible. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont courtes et épaisses dans un sillon antérieur, mais il n’y a pas trace de vésicules épidermiques. La queue décrit un tour autour du tronc.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1CE9E9FBFEFB2CC2BE" blockId="18.[674,1211,754,1193]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">
Les spicules en astérisques sont de tailles très diverses en surface comme en profondeur dans la colonie, le diamètre le plus fréquent est
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, mais il atteint souvent
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; les rayons sont assez peu nombreux mais très longs et pointus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B085C1CEF6BFB60FB30C2BE" box="[1081,1162,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[677,688,654,671]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,611]" captionTargetId="figure-63@18.[678,1208,214,611]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 26. — Polysyncraton horridum n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690083/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1CE9F7FB20FC9DC2F1" blockId="18.[674,1211,1230,1700]" box="[677,807,1230,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B085C1DE9F7FB03FE46C390" blockId="18.[674,1211,1230,1700]" lastBlockId="19.[111,648,1261,1415]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="818" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">
Par la forme de la colonie en systèmes jointifs avec chacun leur ouverture cloacale commune, par la couleur, la languette cloacale, le grand nombre de stigmates, plusieurs lobes testiculaires mais peu de tours du spermiducte, cette espèce se rapproche beaucoup de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B085C1CE862FA62FBAFC3B0" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[816,1045,1420,1447]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CE862FA62FC26C3B1" box="[816,924,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">P. glaucum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B085C1CE8F3FA62FBAFC3B0" author="KOTT P." box="[929,1045,1420,1447]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
dont l’holotype QM G305628 a été examiné.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B085C1CE885FA45FB02C3D2" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[983,1208,1451,1477]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B085C1CE885FA45FB02C3D2" box="[983,1208,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="817">Polysyncraton glaucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diffère par des spicules à rayons moins longs et moins pointus, de
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selon nos mesures et la figure de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B085C1CE85AF9E4FC3BC032" author="KOTT P." box="[776,897,1546,1573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="817" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001</bibRefCitation>
fig. 163G; mesure différente de celle indiquée dans le texte), et par des systèmes polygonaux dans la colonie beaucoup plus nettement délimités.Le nombre de stigmates dans la branchie est moins grand que dans la nouvelle espèce.Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont situés plus postérieurement. Les colonies de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B095C1DEA74FAE0FE27C330" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[294,413,1293,1319]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="19" pageNumber="818" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B095C1DEA74FAE0FE27C330" box="[294,413,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="818">P. glaucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sont beaucoup plus rigides. Les orifices cloacaux communs ne portent pas de longues papilles pleines de spicules et les lobes buccaux ne sont pas filiformes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AEA67FB81FE79C29D" blockId="20.[216,544,1102,1162]" box="[309,451,1135,1162]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0E5C1AEA6EFB81FE36C29D" box="[316,396,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[677,688,1031,1048]" captionTargetBox="[660,1210,213,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-36@20.[660,1219,198,1011]" captionText="FIG. 29. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893723/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">Figs 29</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0E5C1AEACCFB81FE01C29D" box="[414,443,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1093,1110]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[116,643,214,1048]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 30. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, détail de la surface de la colonie; B, spicules. Échelle: B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690091/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">30</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AEB23FB47FD95C318" blockId="20.[113,648,1192,1295]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B0E5C1AEB23FB47FF68C2A9" box="[113,210,1193,1217]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B0E5C1AEA54FB46FEC9C2D7" bold="true" box="[262,371,1192,1216]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0E5C1AEA54FB46FECAC2D7" box="[262,368,1192,1216]" name="Indonesia" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Est
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B0E5C1AEAF4FB46FD99C2D7" box="[422,547,1192,1216]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Maratua Island, Danau Haji Buang marine Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0E5C1AE95FFB2CFD3FC2CD" box="[525,645,1218,1242]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="12.630" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="819" precision="1" value="2.2105">2°12.630’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0E5C1AEB21FB33FEBCC2E2" box="[115,262,1245,1269]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="35.681" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="819" precision="1" value="118.59468">118°35.681’E</geoCoordinate>
, 1,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B0E5C1AEA31FB33FE65C2E2" box="[355,479,1245,1269]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819" value="2006-09-25">25.IX.2006</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, HBM066, 3 colonies (MNHN A2 TRI 183).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AEB23FAC6FDE6C328" blockId="20.[113,604,1319,1344]" box="[113,604,1319,1344]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — D’après la localité
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B0E5C1AEA80FAC9FE46C328" box="[466,508,1319,1343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">type</typeStatus>
Maratua.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AEB23FA83FEB8C392" blockId="20.[111,649,1389,1700]" box="[113,258,1389,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AEB23FA62FC5EC33F" blockId="20.[111,649,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="20.[675,1212,1135,1700]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
Les colonies sont épaisses de 2 à 3,5 mm selon leur forme: plane ou avec des élévations en dômes. Les colonies encroûtent des éléments divers, débris coralliens ou sédimentaires, algues, etc. Elles vivent en surplomb à faible profondeur. Leur aspect de surface ponctué (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0E5C1AEA4CF9C4FECDC052" box="[286,375,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1093,1110]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[116,643,214,1048]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 30. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, détail de la surface de la colonie; B, spicules. Échelle: B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690091/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
) est dû à une accumulation de spicules au niveau des siphons buccaux alors que ces spicules sont peu abondants dans une couche de tunique superficielle vitreuse. La cavité cloacale commune est peu étendue, limitée à la zone des thorax. Les abdomens sont inclus dans une couche de tunique transparente, incolore, de consistance gélatineuse et totalement dépourvue de spicules. Des débris divers sont inclus dans cette couche basale au contact du substrat.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0E5C1AE9E9FAC3FCE3C0B3" blockId="20.[675,1212,1135,1700]" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">
Les zoïdes, incolores, sont très contractés. Le siphon buccal a six lobes pointus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0E5C1AEF55FAA2FBDDC370" box="[1031,1127,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[677,688,1031,1048]" captionTargetBox="[660,1210,213,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-36@20.[660,1219,198,1011]" captionText="FIG. 29. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893723/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="819">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
). Il n’y a pas de tache noire en haut de l’endostyle. Le siphon cloacal forme un tube bordé de 6 fins denticules et situé à mi-longueur du thorax. De chaque côté 6 à 8 stigmates ont été comptés dans le premier rang branchial. Les organes thoraciques latéraux petits et ronds se placent au-dessus du deuxième sinus transverse. Le muscle rétracteur, plus ou moins long selon la place des zoïdes, s’isole près du thorax, il est très facilement cassé à la dissection. La taille est mince et longue.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B0F5C1BEB23FBABFE53C27B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690091" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690091/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" startId="21.[113,124,1093,1110]" targetBox="[116,643,215,1048]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BEB23FBABFE53C27B" blockId="21.[113,646,1092,1132]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
FIG. 30. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BEB9FFBAAFE36C242" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[205,396,1092,1109]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maratuae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BEB9FFBAAFE36C242" box="[205,396,1092,1109]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Trididemnum maratuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B0F5C1BEAC0FBABFE79C241" box="[402,451,1093,1110]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BEA9CFBAAFE61C242" bold="true" box="[462,475,1092,1109]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">A</emphasis>
, détail de la surface de la colonie;
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BEBBAFBB5FF4FC27B" bold="true" box="[232,245,1115,1132]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">B</emphasis>
, spicules. Échelle: B, 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BEBDAFB40FE78C370" blockId="21.[111,649,1198,1700]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BEA54FB40FEDBC2DE" box="[262,353,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[677,688,1031,1048]" captionTargetBox="[660,1210,213,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-36@20.[660,1219,198,1011]" captionText="FIG. 29. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893723/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Fig.29B</figureCitation>
), fragile, est difficile à extraire de la tunique fibreuse. Les compartiments habituels sont bien individualisés. La vésicule testiculaire unique est placée sur la boucle intestinale et entourée de 4, rarement 5 tours du spermiducte. Un ovocyte se développe contre le testicule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BEBDAFA82FD4EC704" blockId="21.[111,649,1198,1700]" lastBlockId="21.[675,1210,216,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BEA57FA82FED0C390" box="[261,362,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[677,688,1031,1048]" captionTargetBox="[660,1210,213,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-36@20.[660,1219,198,1011]" captionText="FIG. 29. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893723/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Fig. 29C</figureCitation>
) ont été trouvées dans la couche basale des colonies. Beaucoup sont tératologiques, avec des papilles adhésives manquantes ou mal formées, des vésicules épidermiques déformées ou réduites.Les larves qui paraissent saines mesurent 0,3 mm pour le tronc. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont portées par des pédoncules minces et longs. De chaque côté s’allongent 3 vésicules épidermiques. La branchie et le tube digestif sont déjà différenciés. Ocelle et otolithe sont présents. La queue ne décrit que ½ tour, ce qui est rare pour des larves aussi petites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9E9FEF9FB99C7C6" blockId="21.[675,1210,216,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BE803FEF9FC0FC725" box="[849,949,279,306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1093,1110]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[116,643,214,1048]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 30. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, détail de la surface de la colonie; B, spicules. Échelle: B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690091/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Fig. 30B</figureCitation>
) sont bien calcifiés, de structure uniforme mais présents seulement dans la couche supérieure des colonies; massifs, de
<quantity id="800BECF23B0F5C1BEF23FEB9FB0DC765" box="[1137,1207,343,370]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
de diamètre, leurs rayons sont très courts et obtus constitués de fibres de longueurs inégales, peu soudées émanant d’un centre épais.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7FE1BFC9DC41A" blockId="21.[674,1212,501,1098]" box="[677,807,501,527]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7FDFBFC8EC5BB" blockId="21.[674,1212,501,1098]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
Cette nouvelle espèce est assez facile à reconnaître par sa surface ponctuée (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BE8BAFDDAFBF5C458" box="[1000,1103,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[113,124,1093,1110]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1048]" captionTargetId="figure-15@21.[116,643,214,1048]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 30. — Trididemnum maratuae n. sp.: A, détail de la surface de la colonie; B, spicules. Échelle: B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690091/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
) due aux spicules accumulés sur les siphons buccaux, des spicules massifs à rayons très courts dans une mince couche de tunique superficielle et des larves très petites avec seulement trois paires de vésicules épidermiques. Des spicules à rayons courts mais beaucoup plus gros se trouvent chez
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BEF7AFD1CFC63C53A" authority="(Herdman, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="areolatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BEF7AFD1CFCB4C53B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Trididemnum areolatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0F5C1BE84FFCFCFC6BC53A" author="HERDMAN W. A." box="[797,977,786,813]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" pagination="295 - 348" refId="ref36260" refString="HERDMAN W. A. 1906. - Report on theTunicata. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries suppl. 39: 295 - 348." type="journal article" year="1906">Herdman, 1906</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, d’après
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0F5C1BEF6AFCFCFB0CC53A" author="KOTT P." box="[1080,1206,786,813]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 173I), et chez
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BE837FCDDFBD9C55A" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[869,1123,818,845]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE837FCDDFC6BC55B" box="[869,977,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">T. planum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0F5C1BE884FCDCFBD9C55A" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[982,1123,818,845]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, d’après
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0F5C1BE9F1FCBFFCE4C57B" author="KOTT P." box="[675,862,849,876]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" pagination="37 - 81" refId="ref36679" refString="KOTT P. 2004 a. - Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37 - 81." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott (2004a: 62</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 18A); ces espèces ont un pigment foncé et des larves différentes, beaucoup plus grandes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9E9FC5EFB95C25D" blockId="21.[674,1212,501,1098]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
La présence de malformations chez de nombreuses larves de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BE850FC3FFCC7C5FD" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[770,893,977,1002]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maratuae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE850FC3FFCC7C5FD" box="[770,893,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">T. maratuae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B0F5C1BE8D1FC3EFC06C5FC" box="[899,956,976,1003]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
peut être due à l’habitat particulier dans un lac marin à faible profondeur soumis à des dessalures temporaires des eaux de surface au moment des fortes pluies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B0F5C17E871FB60FDF9C21C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893675" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893675" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B0F5C17E871FB60FDF9C21C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B0F5C17E871FB60FDF9C21C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="824" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0F5C1BE871FB60FBD9C2DE" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE871FB60FBD9C2DE" blockId="21.[763,1123,1166,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B0F5C1BE871FB60FBD9C2DE" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" reason="3">
?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BE861FB60FBD9C2DE" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE861FB60FB81C2BE" bold="true" box="[819,1083,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0F5C1BE81FFB20FBABC2FE" box="[845,1041,1230,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE81FFB20FBABC2FE" blockId="21.[763,1123,1166,1257]" box="[845,1041,1230,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BE806FB20FC73C2FE" box="[852,969,1230,1257]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStartId-0="22.[113,124,747,764]" captionStartId-1="22.[677,688,858,875]" captionStartId-2="23.[113,124,1141,1158]" captionStartId-3="23.[677,688,667,684]" captionTargetBox-0="[122,639,216,707]" captionTargetBox-1="[682,1208,216,817]" captionTargetBox-2="[112,652,201,1113]" captionTargetBox-3="[114,1211,215,1098]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@22.[102,658,204,726]" captionTargetId-1="figure-52@22.[677,1214,208,808]" captionTargetId-2="figure-15@23.[92,668,203,1121]" captionTargetId-3="figure-15@23.[92,668,203,1121]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionTargetPageId-3="23" captionText-0="FIG. 31.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Palau: A, thorax; B; abdomen. Échelle: 0,3 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 32.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996, spécimen de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée: A, zoïde; B, C, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." captionText-2="FIG. 33. —? Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Malaisie: A, B, deux thorax; C, D, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,3 mm." captionText-3="FIG. 34.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996, spécimen de Palau, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690093" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690095" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893725" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690097" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4690093/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4690095/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4893725/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4690097/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Figs 31-34</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0F5C1BE889FB20FBB3C2FE" box="[987,1033,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">75B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0F5C1BE9F7FAFCFC91C013" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7FAFCFC2CC348" blockId="21.[675,1211,1298,1375]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0F5C1BE9F7FAFCFD71C352" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 150" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE9F7FAFCFCC7C33D" box="[677,893,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 150
</taxonomicName>
, figs 8, 9A, B (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0F5C1BE80DFAC3FC2DC352" box="[863,919,1325,1349]" name="Palau" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Palau</collectingCountry>
); Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 264 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0F5C1BE845FAA9FC31C348" box="[791,907,1351,1375]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Philippines</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7FA6DFC91C013" blockId="21.[674,1211,1410,1699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE8C8FA6CFC63C38D" bold="true" box="[922,985,1410,1434]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0F5C1BE8C8FA6CFC6FC38D" box="[922,981,1410,1434]" name="Palau" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Gonipora Coral Flat, inner portion of Sunken barrier reef,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0F5C1BEF70FA73FBEDC3A2" box="[1058,1111,1437,1461]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
southeast of Lighthouse Reef,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BE825FA59FC5EC3D8" box="[887,996,1463,1487]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="15.99" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="7.2665">7°15.99’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BE8A2FA59FBC8C3D8" box="[1008,1138,1463,1487]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.39" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="134.47316">134°28.39’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0F5C1BEF2CFA59FB0CC3D8" box="[1150,1206,1463,1487]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0F5C1BE9F4FA3CFCB4C3FD" box="[678,782,1490,1514]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" value="2002-11-05">5.XI.2002</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN8696-M (MNHN A2 TRI 168).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0F5C18E9F7F9E8FBACC052" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="821" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7F9E8FC31C043" blockId="21.[674,1211,1410,1699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE9F7F9E8FCACC009" bold="true" box="[677,790,1542,1566]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0F5C1BE9F7F9E8FCA9C009" box="[677,787,1542,1566]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B0F5C1BE848F9E9FCD2C008" box="[794,872,1543,1567]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Palawan</collectingRegion>
, Honda Bay seagrass bed,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BEF00F9E9FB0DC008" box="[1106,1207,1543,1567]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="52.90" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="9.881667">9°52.90’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BE9F1F9CFFCA2C02E" box="[675,792,1569,1593]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="49.01" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="118.81683">118°49.01’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0F5C1BE84DF9CFFCFEC02E" box="[799,836,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0F5C1BE81EF9CFFC0CC02E" box="[844,950,1569,1593]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" value="1995-04-18">18.IV.1995</date>
, coll.
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0F5C1BE8BAF9CFFB9EC02E" box="[1000,1060,1569,1593]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">CRRF</collectionCode>
,0CDN3155-O (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0F5C1BE9FBF9D2FD47C043" box="[681,765,1596,1620]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0F5C1BE874F9D2FCEAC043" box="[806,848,1596,1620]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">TRI</collectionCode>
120).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0F5C1BE9F7F9B8FB9AC0B4" blockId="21.[674,1211,1410,1699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0F5C1BE9F7F9B8FD41C079" bold="true" box="[677,763,1622,1646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0F5C1BE9F7F9B8FD42C079" box="[677,760,1622,1646]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B0F5C1BE9ADF9B8FC80C079" box="[767,826,1622,1646]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Kota Kinabalu, Sulug Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BEF02F9B8FB0CC079" box="[1104,1206,1622,1646]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="58.08" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="5.968">5°58.08’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0F5C1BE9F1F99FFC97C09E" box="[675,813,1649,1673]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="03.34" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" precision="9" value="116.055664">116°03.34’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0F5C1BE86EF99FFCD0C09E" box="[828,874,1649,1673]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0F5C1BE828F99FFC4AC09E" box="[890,1008,1649,1673]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820" value="2005-10-21">21.X.2005</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN9162-S (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0F5C1BE86DF965FC29C0B4" box="[831,915,1675,1699]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B0F5C1BE8E9F965FC5FC0B4" box="[955,997,1675,1699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="820">TRI</collectionCode>
182).
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B0C5C18EB23FD05FDCDC504" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690093" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690093/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" startId="22.[113,124,747,764]" targetBox="[122,639,216,707]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18EB23FD05FDCDC504" blockId="22.[112,648,747,787]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
FIG. 31.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0C5C18EB95FD05FD3EC4EB" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" box="[199,644,747,764]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EB95FD05FE30C4EB" box="[199,394,747,764]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
, spécimen de Palau:
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EA4EFCEFFE93C505" bold="true" box="[284,297,769,786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EA27FCEFFE38C505" bold="true" box="[373,386,769,786]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">B</emphasis>
; abdomen. Échelle: 0,3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18EB23FCBCFEB8C57D" blockId="22.[111,649,850,1700]" box="[113,258,850,876]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B0C5C18E9F7FCB4FC2CC58E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690095" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" startId="22.[677,688,858,875]" targetBox="[682,1208,216,817]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18E9F7FCB4FC2CC58E" blockId="22.[675,1211,858,921]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
FIG. 32.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0C5C18E9A8FCB4FB0DC57C" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" box="[762,1207,858,875]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18E9A8FCB4FC07C57C" box="[762,957,858,875]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996
</taxonomicName>
, spécimen de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée:
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EF5EFC9FFBA3C595" bold="true" box="[1036,1049,881,898]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EF0CFC9FFBD1C595" bold="true" box="[1118,1131,881,898]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18EF25FC9FFB3FC595" bold="true" box="[1143,1157,881,898]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">C</emphasis>
, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18EB23FC9FFE69C2DE" blockId="22.[111,649,850,1700]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
Les colonies provenant de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18EA29FC9FFE6BC59B" box="[379,465,881,908]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
et des
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18E940FC9FFD3DC59B" box="[530,647,881,908]" name="Philippines" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Philippines</collectingCountry>
sont extérieurement semblables à celles de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18E911FC7FFD3BC5BB" box="[579,641,913,940]" name="Palau" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Palau</collectingCountry>
. Encroûtantes, dures, de
<quantity id="800BECF23B0C5C18EA22FC5EFE15C5DC" box="[368,431,944,971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
d’épaisseur les bords sont épais.La surface des colonies est lisse de couleur brun rouge (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18EBA4FC1EFEE2C21C" box="[246,344,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Fig. 75B</figureCitation>
), elle devient blanc verdâtre dans le formol. En profondeur dans les colonies on trouve des agglomérats très foncés. La couleur semble due à des symbiontes contenus dans la tunique fibreuse. Les zoïdes sont limités à la partie supérieure de la colonie, la couche profonde ne contient que des spicules denses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18EBDAFB20FF67C072" blockId="22.[111,649,850,1700]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
Le siphon cloacal est court (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18EAFAFB20FDBCC2FE" box="[424,518,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,747,764]" captionTargetBox="[122,639,216,707]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[102,658,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 31.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Palau: A, thorax; B; abdomen. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690093/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Figs 31A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E944FB20FDF9C2FE" box="[534,579,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[677,688,858,875]" captionTargetBox="[682,1208,216,817]" captionTargetId="figure-52@22.[677,1214,208,808]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 32.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996, spécimen de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée: A, zoïde; B, C, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">32A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E900FB20FF3EC31F" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[113,124,1141,1158]" captionTargetBox="[112,652,201,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[92,668,203,1121]" captionText="FIG. 33. —? Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Malaisie: A, B, deux thorax; C, D, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893725/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">33A, B</figureCitation>
). Les organes thoraciques latéraux ont la forme de larges cupules circulaires au milieu du thorax. Il n’y a pas de tache noire en haut de l’endostyle. Il y a un espace imperforé antérieur à la branchie. Le nombre de stigmates est variable selon les zoïdes. Dans la colonie
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B0C5C18EA49FA62FEF6C3B0" box="[283,332,1420,1447]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">type</typeStatus>
, il y a 5 ou 6 stigmates dans le premier rang et 5 stigmates dans les deux suivants. Dans les deux nouvelles colonies de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18EAA6FA25FD8BC3F1" box="[500,561,1483,1510]" name="Palau" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Palau</collectingCountry>
, à
<quantity id="800BECF23B0C5C18E91CFA25FD3CC3F1" box="[590,646,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
de profondeur, on trouve successivement 7, 7 et 6 stigmates. Aux
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18EA5CF9E4FE3FC032" box="[270,389,1546,1573]" name="Philippines" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Philippines</collectingCountry>
la branchie a 6 stigmates dans les 3 rangs. En
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18EA1FF9C4FE1CC052" box="[333,422,1578,1605]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
on compte 7, 7 et 6 stigmates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18EBDAF987FB3EC21C" blockId="22.[111,649,850,1700]" lastBlockId="22.[674,1212,976,1478]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Dans toutes les colonies le muscle rétracteur s’isole tout à fait à la base du pédoncule thoracique,et pendant l’extraction des zoïdes de la colonie, il reste attaché à l’abdomen quand celui-ci se sépare du thorax.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18E9E9FBFEFB2EC3D1" blockId="22.[674,1212,976,1478]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
Dans tous les échantillons le testicule fait saillie sur le fond de la boucle intestinale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E8A3FBC1FBEAC25D" box="[1009,1104,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,747,764]" captionTargetBox="[122,639,216,707]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[102,658,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 31.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Palau: A, thorax; B; abdomen. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690093" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690093/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Figs 31B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18EF32FBC1FB16C25D" box="[1120,1196,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[677,688,858,875]" captionTargetBox="[682,1208,216,817]" captionTargetId="figure-52@22.[677,1214,208,808]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 32.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996, spécimen de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée: A, zoïde; B, C, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">32B, C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E9F7FBA1FD40C27D" box="[677,762,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[113,124,1141,1158]" captionTargetBox="[112,652,201,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[92,668,203,1121]" captionText="FIG. 33. —? Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996, spécimen de Malaisie: A, B, deux thorax; C, D, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893725/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">33C, D</figureCitation>
). Il est composé d’un nombre variable de vésicules. Chez la colonie
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B0C5C18E894FB81FC4FC29D" box="[966,1013,1135,1162]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">type</typeStatus>
il y a 2 vésicules, mais parfois 3. Dans une autre colonie à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18EF0CFB60FB22C2BE" box="[1118,1176,1166,1193]" name="Palau" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Palau</collectingCountry>
on trouve 3 vésicules et parfois 4, accolées, formant une sphère. Aux
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18E837FB20FC58C2FE" box="[869,994,1230,1257]" name="Philippines" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Philippines</collectingCountry>
les testicules ont 3 vésicules, en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18E861FB03FC35C31F" box="[819,911,1261,1288]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
, les 3 colonies n’ont qu’une vésicule testiculaire. Cette variabilité est étonnante, mais il semble bien qu’il s’agisse d’une seule espèce si l’on considère les autres caractères anatomiques et les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E874FA82FCCDC390" box="[806,887,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[677,688,667,684]" captionTargetBox="[114,1211,215,1098]" captionTargetId="figure-15@23.[92,668,203,1121]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIG. 34.— Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996, spécimen de Palau, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690097/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
). Malheureusement ni ovaires ni larves ne sont présents dans ces spécimens pour confirmer notre hypothèse d’une seule espèce.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18E995F9E4FBACC052" blockId="22.[711,1175,1546,1605]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0C5C18E995F9E4FB2DC032" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[711,1175,1546,1573]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebricosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18E995F9E4FC49C032" bold="true" box="[711,1011,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Trididemnum tenebricosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0C5C18EF50F9E4FB35C032" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[1026,1167,1546,1573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E81DF9C4FC25C052" box="[847,927,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,970,987]" captionTargetBox="[113,653,204,944]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[111,648,213,930]" captionText="FIG. 35. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, thorax; B, C, deux faces d’un abdomen; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Figs 35</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E8E2F9C4FC76C052" box="[944,972,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[677,688,940,957]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,217,927]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 36. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 500 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690099/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">36</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0C5C18E88CF9C4FBB4C052" box="[990,1038,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">75C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0C5C19E9F7F99EFEE2C35B" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="822" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0C5C18E9F7F99EFBEEC0B4" blockId="22.[677,1210,1648,1699]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B0C5C18E9F7F99EFBEEC0B4" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B0C5C18E9F7F99EFB92C09F" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[677,1064,1648,1672]" page="48" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0C5C18E9F7F99EFB92C09F" authority="Sluiter, 1909: 48" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1909" box="[677,1064,1648,1672]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebricosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0C5C18E9F7F99EFC3DC09F" box="[677,903,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Didemnum tenebricosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B0C5C18E8D9F99EFB92C09F" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[907,1064,1648,1672]" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909: 48</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 3 figs 14-16 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0C5C18E9FEF965FCB5C0B4" box="[684,783,1675,1699]" name="Indonesia" pageId="22" pageNumber="821">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
, Roti island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0C5C18E8DDF965FC64C0B4" box="[911,990,1675,1699]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" precision="925" value="-10.633333">10°38’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0C5C18E8BBF965FBF2C0B4" box="[1001,1096,1675,1699]" degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="821" precision="925" value="123.416664">123°25’E</geoCoordinate>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B0D5C19E9F7FD75FBA5C4D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690097/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" startId="23.[677,688,667,684]" targetBox="[114,1211,215,1098]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19E9F7FD75FBA5C4D4" blockId="23.[675,1211,666,707]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
FIG. 34.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0D5C19E9A8FD74FB0DC4BB" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" box="[762,1207,666,684]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19E9A8FD74FC07C4BC" box="[762,957,666,683]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C.,1996
</taxonomicName>
, spécimen de Palau, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B0D5C19EB23FB9BFED9C2A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893725/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" startId="23.[113,124,1141,1158]" targetBox="[112,652,201,1113]" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19EB23FB9BFED9C2A3" blockId="23.[113,647,1141,1204]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
FIG. 33. —?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0D5C19EBB3FB9BFF1BC28A" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19EBB3FB9BFE11C291" box="[225,427,1141,1158]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Trididemnum polyorchis</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
, spécimen de Malaisie:
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19EA28FB65FE3CC28B" bold="true" box="[378,390,1163,1180]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19EAC1FB65FE1AC28B" bold="true" box="[403,416,1163,1180]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">B</emphasis>
, deux thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19E974FB65FD8EC28B" bold="true" box="[550,564,1163,1180]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19E913FB65FDF5C28B" bold="true" box="[577,591,1163,1180]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">D</emphasis>
, deux abdomens. Échelle: 0,3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19EB23FB0BFEE2C35B" blockId="23.[112,648,1252,1356]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B0D5C19EA0EFB0AFE0CC2EB" bold="true" box="[348,438,1252,1276]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B0D5C19EA0EFB0AFE08C2EB" box="[348,434,1252,1276]" name="Malaysia" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B0D5C19EAEFFB0BFDAAC2EA" box="[445,528,1253,1277]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, SW peninsular Tanjung Datu, rock in center of bay,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0D5C19E94BFB11FD38C300" box="[537,642,1279,1303]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="01.70" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" precision="9" value="2.0283334">2°01.70’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B0D5C19EB21FAF4FF57C325" box="[115,237,1306,1330]" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="39.20" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" precision="9" value="109.653336">109°39.20’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B0D5C19EBA7FAF4FEA1C325" box="[245,283,1306,1330]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B0D5C19EA71FAF4FE33C325" box="[291,393,1306,1330]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" value="2003-05-27">27.V.2003</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0M9I5793-H (MNHN A2 TRI 170).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B0D5C16EB23FA83FC13C0B3" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="823" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19EB23FA83FEB8C392" blockId="23.[112,648,1389,1700]" box="[113,258,1389,1415]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19EB23FA62FCA4C2DE" blockId="23.[112,648,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="23.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
Selon les collecteurs, les colonies mesurent jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B0D5C19EB22FA45FF07C3D1" box="[112,189,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
, leur épaisseur atteint 1,5 cm dans les parties en mamelons et seulement 0,5 cm dans les portions planes. La couleur est d’un gris plus ou moins foncé avec des mouchetures noires et blanches (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0D5C19EBBAF9C4FEEFC052" box="[232,341,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="66.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@66.[124,1198,214,1425]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIG. 75. — A, Polysyncraton horridum n. sp.; B, Trididemnum polyorchis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, T. tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909); D, T. tomarahi Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; E, Lissoclinum reginum Kott, 2001; F, L. panthera n. sp. (colonie fixée)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893742" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893742/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Fig. 75C</figureCitation>
). Les orifices des cloaques communs sont bordés de noir avec une marge sans spicules. Le contour des colonies est irrégulier et dépend du substrat. La face supérieure est lisse, repliées sur elles-mêmes les zoïdes sont en double couche, la tunique profonde étant commune aux 2 strates. Des pelotes fécales sont incluses dans la tunique.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C19E9E9FB20FCE5C3F1" blockId="23.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
Les zoïdes les moins contractés mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B0D5C19EF20FB20FB0CC2FE" box="[1138,1206,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="822" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. Leur pigmentation foncée est due à de grosses cellules plates avec une vacuole claire centrale.
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B0D5C19E9F5FAC3FD76C35F" box="[679,716,1325,1352]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Sur</collectingRegion>
le thorax le pigment est réparti sur le cercle de tentacules, autour du ganglion nerveux, en cercle autour des organes thoraciques latéraux, le long de l’endostyle et à la base du thorax. Le manteau devient très foncé sur le pédoncule oesophago-rectal et sur l’abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0D5C16E9E9FA05FF5BC31F" blockId="23.[674,1212,786,1700]" lastBlockId="24.[111,649,1071,1700]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="823" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">
Le siphon buccal est étroit bordé de 6 denticules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0D5C19E9F9F9E4FCBDC032" box="[683,775,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,970,987]" captionTargetBox="[113,653,204,944]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[111,648,213,930]" captionText="FIG. 35. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, thorax; B, C, deux faces d’un abdomen; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="822">Fig.35A</figureCitation>
). Le siphon cloacal est étroit en tube quand il est contracté, mais plus largement ouvert chez les rares zoïdes étendus. Un grand espace imperforé précède la branchie. Le nombre de stigmates n’a pas pu être compté mais chez la larve, la branchie embryonnaire compte au moins 10 stigmates dans le premier rang. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont ronds, concaves, placés près du siphon cloacal au niveau du troisième rang de stigmates. L’appendice fixateur a son origine à la base du thorax, il est long ou court selon l’emplacement du zoïde dans la colonie.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B025C16E9F7FC42FBA8C5C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690099/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" startId="24.[677,688,940,957]" targetBox="[113,1209,217,927]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9F7FC42FBA8C5C3" blockId="24.[677,1209,939,980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
FIG. 36. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B025C16E851FC45FBD8C5AA" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[771,1122,939,957]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebricosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16E851FC45FC53C5AB" box="[771,1001,939,956]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Trididemnum tenebricosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B025C16E8A6FC42FBE4C5AA" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[1012,1118,940,957]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16EF23FC45FBC4C5AB" bold="true" box="[1137,1150,939,956]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">A</emphasis>
, larve;
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16E9F4FC2CFD09C5C4" bold="true" box="[678,691,962,979]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">B</emphasis>
, spicules. Échelles: A, 500 μm; B, 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B025C16EB23FC24FDDBC5E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" startId="24.[113,124,970,987]" targetBox="[113,653,204,944]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16EB23FC24FDDBC5E5" blockId="24.[113,646,970,1010]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
FIG. 35. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B025C16EB9EFC24FD9FC5CC" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[204,549,970,987]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebricosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16EB9EFC24FE0AC5CC" box="[204,432,970,987]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Trididemnum tenebricosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B025C16EAEBFC24FD9BC5CC" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[441,545,970,987]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16E961FC24FDFAC5CC" bold="true" box="[563,576,970,987]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16EB23FC0EFFC4C5E6" bold="true" box="[113,126,992,1009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16EBDBFC0EFF2DC5E6" bold="true" box="[137,151,992,1009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">C</emphasis>
, deux faces d’un abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16EADAFC0EFE2CC5E6" bold="true" box="[392,406,992,1009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16EBDAFAE3FD3FC0B3" blockId="24.[111,649,1071,1700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
Les différentes parties du tube digestif sont bien individualisées et décrivent une boucle tordue (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B025C16EB28FAA2FF59C370" box="[122,227,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,970,987]" captionTargetBox="[113,653,204,944]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[111,648,213,930]" captionText="FIG. 35. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, thorax; B, C, deux faces d’un abdomen; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Fig. 35B</figureCitation>
). Une vésicule testiculaire occupe le centre de la boucle digestive (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B025C16EAFDFA82FDAEC390" box="[431,532,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,970,987]" captionTargetBox="[113,653,204,944]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[111,648,213,930]" captionText="FIG. 35. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, thorax; B, C, deux faces d’un abdomen; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Fig. 35C</figureCitation>
). Six tours de spire ont été observés chez le seul zoïde ou la densité de cellules pigmentaires a permis de le voir. Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B025C16EA79FA25FE2FC3F1" box="[299,405,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,970,987]" captionTargetBox="[113,653,204,944]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[111,648,213,930]" captionText="FIG. 35. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, thorax; B, C, deux faces d’un abdomen; D, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Figs 35D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B025C16EAFBFA25FE60C3F1" box="[425,474,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[677,688,940,957]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,217,927]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 36. — Trididemnum tenebricosum (Sluiter, 1909): A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 500 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690099/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">36A</figureCitation>
) sont présentes dans les cavités sous-abdominales et dans la tunique sous les abdomens. Elles mesurent en moyenne
<quantity id="800BECF23B025C16EBB5F9C4FE88C052" box="[231,306,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. La queue décrit à peine un demi-tour. Le thorax et le tube digestif sont bien différenciés. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont proches et longuement pédiculées. Elles sont
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9F7FBFEFB8CC25D" blockId="24.[675,1217,1040,1225]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">entourées d’une couronne très régulière de 20 longs prolongements épidermiques.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9E9FBA1FC00C2DE" blockId="24.[675,1217,1040,1225]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
Les spicules (
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) étoilés à rayons pointus mesurent jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B025C16E808FB81FC16C29D" box="[858,940,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
dans la couche supérieure de la tunique, ils sont un peu plus petits et plus irréguliers en profondeur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9F7FB00FC9DC311" blockId="24.[674,1212,1262,1700]" box="[677,807,1262,1288]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9F7FAE3FC4DC032" blockId="24.[674,1212,1262,1700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
Le
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B025C16E99AFAE3FD4DC33F" box="[712,759,1293,1320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">type</typeStatus>
de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B025C16E871FAE3FC05C33F" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[803,959,1293,1320]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter (1909)</bibRefCitation>
(ZMA TU 481) de la station 301 de la Siboga Expedition a été revu. Bien que la description originale mentionne quatre rangs de stigmates, les zoïdes, en très bon état, n’en ont que trois. Des larves sont présentes dans la colonie
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B025C16E9F7FA45FD6DC3D1" box="[677,727,1451,1478]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">type</typeStatus>
. Elles ont la même taille et la même structure que celles décrites ci-dessus. Les spicules et les cellules pigmentaires sont les mêmes. L’espèce est retrouvée pour la première fois.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B025C16E9E9F9C4FC13C0B3" blockId="24.[674,1212,1262,1700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">
Par la structure de la larve, cette espèce se rapproche de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B025C16E990F9A4FBB0C072" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[706,1034,1610,1637]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="textum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B025C16E990F9A4FC2CC073" box="[706,918,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="823">Trididemnum textum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B025C16E8C8F9A4FBB0C072" author="KOTT P." box="[922,1034,1610,1637]" pageId="24" pageNumber="823" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
qui a des spicules diff érents, des zoïdes et des larves plus grands et pas de cellules pigmentaires.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B035C17EBDAFF36FE67C7E7" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EBDAFF36FF4AC745" blockId="25.[111,648,216,1035]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EBDAFF36FDA4C6E4" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[136,542,216,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discrepans">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBDAFF36FE3BC6E5" box="[136,385,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum discrepans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B035C17EADFFF36FDACC6E4" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[397,534,216,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
n’a pas de spicules, de nombreux stigmates et une larve à quatre à six paires seulement de vésicules épidermiques antérieures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EBDAFEB8FE67C7E7" blockId="25.[111,648,216,1035]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EBDAFEB8FDB5C765" authority="Monniot F., 1991" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1991" box="[136,527,342,370]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBDAFEB8FEEBC767" box="[136,337,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum nubis</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1991
</taxonomicName>
, ne possède pas les grosses cellules pigmentaires, les spicules ont des rayons moins longs et n’ont pas la même disposition dans la colonie. Il n’y a pas d’espace imperforé antérieur à la branchie.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B035C17EBDAFE1BFE88C59B" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EBDAFE1BFE88C59B" blockId="25.[111,648,216,1035]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EBDAFE1BFDFBC407" authority="(Herdman, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[136,577,501,528]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBDAFE1BFECFC418" box="[136,373,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum savignyi</emphasis>
(Herdman, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="F79B4B4A3B035C17E918FE1BFE23C51B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125611302" country="Guadeloupe" location="Guadeloupe" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" specimenCount="1">
a une couche vacuolaire superficielle avec un pigment foncé dans les colonies. L’examen du
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B035C17EAA9FDDAFD93C458" box="[507,553,564,591]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">type</typeStatus>
a permis de trouver une larve (déposée au Natural History Museum, Londres). Celle-ci est gemmipare et mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B035C17EB95FD7DFEB1C4B9" box="[199,267,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, semblable à celles des colonies que nous avons récoltées en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B035C17EA2CFD5DFDB9C4D9" box="[382,515,691,718]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
et aux Bermudes. Les cellules pigmentaires sont différentes de celles de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EBA7FD1DFE23C51B" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[245,409,754,780]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenebricosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBA7FD1DFE23C51B" box="[245,409,754,780]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">T. tenebricosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F79B4B4A3B035C17EAF9FD1CFE94C59B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125611305" collectorName="le Pacifique" country="Bermuda" location="Bermudes" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" specimenCount="1">
la localité
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B035C17E949FD1CFDF3C51A" box="[539,585,754,781]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">type</typeStatus>
étant inconnue, l’opinion de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B035C17EA2AFCFCFDFBC53A" author="VAN NAME W." box="[376,577,786,813]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" pagination="1 - 476" refId="ref38402" refString="VAN NAME W. 1945. - Th e north and south American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 84: 1 - 476." type="journal article" year="1945">Van Name (1945)</bibRefCitation>
d’une origine aux
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B035C17EBBDFCDCFEE1C55A" box="[239,347,818,845]" name="Bermuda" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Bermudes</collectingCountry>
est vraisemblable.Toutes les autres identifications de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EA3EFCBCFE6CC57C" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[364,470,850,875]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savignyi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EA3EFCBCFE6CC57C" box="[364,470,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">T. savignyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dans
<collectorName id="EA0624C13B035C17E942FCBFFD3DC57B" box="[528,647,849,876]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">le Pacifique</collectorName>
restent douteuses
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B035C17EBDAFC7FFDF9C21C" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B035C17EBDAFC7FFDF9C21C" blockId="25.[111,648,216,1035]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B035C17EBDAFC7FFDF7C5BB" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[136,589,913,940]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B035C17EBDAFC7FFE13C5BC" box="[136,425,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">Trididemnum marmoratum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B035C17EAE5FC7FFDFFC5BB" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[439,581,913,940]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
dont le
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B035C17EBDBFC5EFF0DC5DC" box="[137,183,944,971]" pageId="25" pageNumber="824">type</typeStatus>
a été revu a des spicules très différents, mais une larve de même structure. Un pigment foncé, en traînées, est présent en surface des colonies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

182
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<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EA59FB20FD8AC31F" blockId="10.[200,560,1229,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B105C04EA59FB20FD8AC31F" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" reason="3">
?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B105C04EA49FB23FD8AC31F" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B105C04EA49FB23FE57C2F0" bold="true" box="[283,493,1229,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Didemnum pitipiri</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B105C04EA44FAE3FE58C33F" box="[278,482,1293,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EA44FAE3FE58C33F" blockId="10.[200,560,1229,1320]" box="[278,482,1293,1320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04EA4FFAE3FED7C33F" box="[285,365,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[176,187,954,971]" captionTargetBox="[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 14. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, thorax; B, C, abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690053/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Figs 14</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04EA2CFAE3FE20C33F" box="[382,410,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,717,734]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,676]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[115,645,214,676]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 15. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690057/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">15</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04EAFEFAE3FE61C33F" box="[428,475,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">74A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B105C04EB23FAA8FEC1C3E0" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EB23FAA8FE6DC36F" blockId="10.[113,647,1350,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B105C04EB23FAA8FF34C36F" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 41" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B105C04EB23FAA8FE93C349" box="[113,297,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Didemnum pitipiri</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 41
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 12E, I, pl. 2H, I (Polynésie).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EB23FA7EFEC1C3E0" blockId="10.[113,646,1424,1527]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B105C04EA1FFA7EFE33C3BF" bold="true" box="[333,393,1424,1448]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B105C04EA1FFA7EFE3EC3BF" box="[333,388,1424,1448]" name="Palau" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B105C04EB82FA45FE80C3D4" box="[208,314,1451,1475]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="28.10" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" precision="9" value="7.4683332">7°28.10’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B105C04EA11FA45FE7BC3D4" box="[323,449,1451,1475]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="37.62" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" precision="9" value="134.627">134°37.62’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B105C04E943FA45FD39C3D4" box="[529,643,1451,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" value="2004-04-22">22.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN069, 2 colonies (MNHN A2 DID C 573).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B105C05EB23F9C5FCC8C33F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="810" pageId="10" pageNumber="809" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EB23F9C5FEB8C054" blockId="10.[112,646,1579,1700]" box="[113,258,1579,1605]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04EB23F9A4FC47C21C" blockId="10.[112,646,1579,1700]" lastBlockId="10.[674,1213,754,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04EBADF9A4FEE4C072" box="[255,350,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Fig. 74A</figureCitation>
) sont encroûtantes, minces, très adhérentes sur le corail, renflées
<emphasis id="75879D053B105C04EAB8F984FD95C094" box="[490,559,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">in vivo</emphasis>
, avec de nombreuses ouvertures cloacales communes situées au centre de petites élévations. Ces ouvertures sont bordées de denticules contenant des spicules. Après fixation les colonies deviennent très minces, sans élévations, avec une surface lisse sans couche vésiculaire. La coloration orangée s’atténue dans le fixateur et devient jaunâtre. Les colonies sont très fragiles, cassantes et se délaminent en 2 couches au niveau de la cavité cloacale commune qui s’étend seulement au niveau des thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C04E9E9FBE1FCFEC032" blockId="10.[674,1213,754,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
Les zoïdes sont diffi ciles à extraire de la tunique. Les siphons buccaux ont une forme d’entonnoir et 6 lobes aigus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04E84FFBA1FCC0C27D" box="[797,890,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[176,187,954,971]" captionTargetBox="[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 14. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, thorax; B, C, abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690053/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
). L’ouverture du siphon cloacal ne découvre qu’une petite partie de la branchie, son bord est ourlé, 2 muscles longitudinaux dorsaux la réduisent. Il n’y a pas de languette. Les organes thoraciques latéraux, en lamelles saillantes, sont implantés au niveau du troisième rang de stigmates. La branchie très contractée n’a pas permis de compter les stigmates. Le muscle rétracteur se sépare du pédoncule oesophago-rectal un peu au dessous du thorax et sa longueur est variable. Le tube digestif décrit une boucle plane (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04EF62FA62FB14C3B0" box="[1072,1198,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[176,187,954,971]" captionTargetBox="[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 14. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, thorax; B, C, abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690053/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Fig. 14B, C</figureCitation>
). La vésicule testiculaire, en lentille, est recouverte de 5 à 6 tours du spermiducte. L’ovaire placé entre le testicule et l’estomac contient plusieurs ovocytes en maturation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B105C05E9E9F9C4FE15C25D" blockId="10.[674,1213,754,1700]" lastBlockId="11.[111,647,1008,1288]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="810" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">
Une seule larve (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B105C04E80EF9C4FC02C052" box="[860,952,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[176,187,954,971]" captionTargetBox="[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetId="figure-15@11.[104,1219,205,926]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 14. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, thorax; B, C, abdomens; D, larve. Échelle: 0,3 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690053/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="809">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
) a été trouvée dans la couche basale de la tunique. Le tronc mesure 0,37 mm. Il n’y a que 2 papilles adhésives bordées de chaque côté de 3 grosses vésicules partiellement indentées, ce qui laisse supposer un début de dédoublement; une même forme est présente chez quelques larves de la colonie
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B115C05EA52FBC1FE94C25D" box="[256,302,1071,1098]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">type</typeStatus>
de l’espèce.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B115C05EBE2FC54FBC6C5DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690053" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690053" box="[176,1148,954,971]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690053/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" startId="11.[176,187,954,971]" targetBox="[104,1219,205,926]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05EBE2FC54FBC6C5DC" blockId="11.[176,1148,954,971]" box="[176,1148,954,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
FIG. 14. —?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05EA48FC54FD15C5DC" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[282,687,954,971]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05EA48FC54FE17C5DC" box="[282,429,954,971]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum pitipiri</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E9EEFC54FD73C5DC" bold="true" box="[700,713,954,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E846FC54FC9BC5DC" bold="true" box="[788,801,954,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E87EFC54FC80C5DC" bold="true" box="[812,826,954,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">C</emphasis>
, abdomens;
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E8FBFC54FC0DC5DC" bold="true" box="[937,951,954,971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,3 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05EBDAFBA1FD9FC31F" blockId="11.[111,647,1008,1288]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
Les spicules sont denses dans toute la tunique. La plupart ont un diamètre de
<quantity id="800BECF23B115C05EACCFB81FE5FC29D" box="[414,485,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
mais quelques uns atteignent
<quantity id="800BECF23B115C05EA59FB60FEE9C2BE" box="[267,339,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 µm</quantity>
. Les plus petits ont une forme en astérisques avec de nombreux rayons courts et certains à pointes tronquées, les plus grands ont des rayons plus allongés et pointus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B115C05EA9AFB03FDADC31F" box="[456,535,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,717,734]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,676]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[115,645,214,676]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 15. —? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690057/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05EB23FAC3FF49C352" blockId="11.[111,649,1325,1700]" box="[113,243,1325,1351]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05EB23FAA2FDC6C072" blockId="11.[111,649,1325,1700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
Par son pigment orangé, ses spicules, l’ouverture étroite du siphon cloacal, une larve à deux papilles adhésives, la colonie de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B115C05EA3AFA62FE18C3B0" box="[360,418,1420,1447]" name="Palau" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Palau</collectingCountry>
correspond à l’espèce polynésienne
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05EA52FA42FED2C3D2" box="[256,360,1452,1477]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05EA52FA42FED2C3D2" box="[256,360,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">D. pitipiri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Les larves les plus développées de cette dernière ont 6 paires de vésicules épidermiques. L’unique larve ayant pu être trouvée dans la nouvelle récolte semble incomplètement développée, nous formulons donc quelques réserves sur l’identification spécifique de notre spécimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05EBDAF987FCC8C33F" blockId="11.[111,649,1325,1700]" lastBlockId="11.[674,1212,1008,1320]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
Peu d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05EA4CF987FE26C094" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[286,412,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05EA4CF987FE26C094" box="[286,412,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
indo-pacifiques ont des larves avec seulement deux papilles adhésives.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05E9F4FC1EFBE7C21C" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[678,1117,1008,1035]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E9F4FC1EFC7DC21D" box="[678,967,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum albopunctatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B115C05E89CFC1EFBE7C21C" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[974,1117,1008,1035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
possède un pigment foncé, ses larves de 0,5 mm ont quatre paires de vésicules épidermiques, les spicules sont différents.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05E85DFBA1FCB8C29D" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1999" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1999" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicolla">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E85DFBA1FC7CC27E" box="[783,966,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum dicolla</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1999
</taxonomicName>
, de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B115C05E87BFB81FC31C29D" box="[809,907,1135,1162]" name="Tanzania" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Tanzanie</collectingCountry>
, a des spicules différents avec moins de rayons, mais les colonies et la larve sont très semblables à celles de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05E894FB41FB89C2DF" box="[966,1075,1199,1224]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E894FB41FB89C2DF" box="[966,1075,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">D. pitipiri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05EF10FB40FC25C2FE" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parancium">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05EF10FB40FCA2C2F0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum parancium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B115C05E870FB20FC25C2FE" author="KOTT P." box="[802,927,1230,1257]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
diffère par ses spicules à rayons en baguettes et des larves nettement plus grosses de 0,8 mm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart id="3F6E38033E54441278B6C1EFED1C05CA">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C65F414C3B5DCB126DF8EA78AEF906FD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="372E428392D21A885AAD3A86D07C05E2">
<mods:roleTerm id="E1CA523A6FE3AA6AB285DBE7C6A359B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C2ABA52811421A3A64B31751F65C4319">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1FFE161ACFDB5F048FF8DDB3DEC67524">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D16728A42B383811BE23646481B04182" type="email">monniot@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BCEC7F6C121685E510365718D0A2EA29">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="1ACD54F517163F52FF96DCC3B1D47FAC" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="C154A449A290A8B8BBEC6EBD65DFDF59">
<mods:title id="10E854E97BFA21C6B8B04BD7B414D89F">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="17F0EBD73664563DB071233A48BD3D52">
<mods:date id="2D49F9BC24F9DEA63F5D6D3B1DC0A4E4">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8F5DBC5B7D8E65EE399FCA7A9B57F6A3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8D282FE738A739490D86ABFC5BDE6388">30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5DB01AF50F82BFF4D4A3790E22F65436" type="issue">
<mods:number id="11B87608B203B89532396232A564F429">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FAC4EE02EF9F425EC0BD1254347E6F3E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="79A926F317A4A8389B417A043D0EAB08">799</mods:start>
<mods:end id="663CD31646699C9282F5028ECEEB41A8">872</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="28E7A7E5AE4E149E3C38910B0FC7C818">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2E32B9A82CA33A1101C5E3DA90E0F612" type="CLB-Dataset">6330</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9384CBDEA3C9FAB8580BFF1BFCA11A19" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4690007</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="80DEFD1BEF16247471EF6171536BD6B3" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2996AAEF22E58CB1EBF059698B3AC722" type="Zenodo-Dep">4690007</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B115C03E87BFA85FBF9C3D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893663" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485227" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893663" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B115C03E87BFA85FBF9C3D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B115C03E87BFA85FBF9C3D1" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="812" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B115C05E87BFA85FB8CC390" box="[809,1078,1387,1415]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05E87BFA85FB8CC390" blockId="11.[809,1078,1387,1447]" box="[809,1078,1387,1415]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B115C05E87BFA85FB8CC390" box="[809,1078,1387,1415]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B115C05E87BFA85FC4EC391" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[809,1012,1387,1414]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E87BFA85FC4EC391" bold="true" box="[809,1012,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Didemnum subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B115C05E8A9FA82FB8CC390" box="[1019,1078,1388,1415]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B115C05E81FFA62FC6AC079" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05E81FFA62FBABC3B0" blockId="11.[809,1078,1387,1447]" box="[845,1041,1420,1447]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B115C05E806FA62FC73C3B0" box="[852,969,1420,1447]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="12.[677,688,1230,1247]" captionStartId-1="13.[113,123,861,878]" captionStartId-2="13.[677,688,681,698]" captionTargetBox-0="[677,1210,217,1187]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,646,217,832]" captionTargetBox-2="[678,1207,215,631]" captionTargetId-0="figure-41@12.[675,1212,213,1191]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@13.[103,652,207,838]" captionTargetId-2="figure-50@13.[678,1208,214,631]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIG. 16. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., colonie de Palau: A, thorax; B, zoïde; C, D, larves. Échelle: 0,5 mm." captionText-1="FIG. 17.— Didemnum subtile n. sp.,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie: A, zoïde; B, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm." captionText-2="FIG. 18. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., spicules d’une colonie de Palau. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690059" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690065" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690063" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4690059/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4690065/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4690063/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Figs 16-18</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B115C05E889FA62FBB2C3B0" box="[987,1032,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">74B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05E9F7FA2CFBBEC019" blockId="11.[675,1211,1473,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B115C05E9F7FA2CFCB8C3C0" box="[677,770,1474,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E863FA2FFC45C3CE" bold="true" box="[817,1023,1473,1497]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B115C05E863FA2FFC41C3CE" box="[817,1019,1473,1497]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Lagon nord,
<quantity id="800BECF23B115C05EFD8FA2FFB0FC3CE" box="[1162,1205,1473,1497]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B115C05E9F4FA35FCA4C3E4" box="[678,798,1499,1523]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" value="2001-11-25">25.XI.2001</date>
, coll. P. Laboute, plusieurs morceaux de colonies (MNHN A2 DID.C 575).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05E9F7F9CDFC6AC079" blockId="11.[675,1211,1473,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E898F9CFFB9EC02E" bold="true" box="[970,1060,1569,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B115C05E898F9CFFB9AC02E" box="[970,1056,1569,1593]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Espiritu Santo, Aore island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B115C05E844F9D2FC3BC043" box="[790,897,1596,1620]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="33.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" precision="9" value="-15.554">15°33.24’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B115C05E8D8F9D2FBBFC043" box="[906,1029,1596,1620]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="09.50" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" precision="9" value="167.15834">167°09.50’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B115C05EF5EF9D2FB85C043" box="[1036,1087,1596,1620]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B115C05EF15F9D2FB0EC043" box="[1095,1204,1596,1620]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" value="2000-12-04">4.XII.2000</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO460.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B115C03E9F7F99FFBF9C3D1" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="812" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B115C05E9F7F99FFB00C0B4" blockId="11.[675,1211,1473,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<emphasis id="75879D053B115C05E9F7F99FFD59C09E" bold="true" box="[677,739,1649,1673]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B115C05E9F7F99FFD5AC09E" box="[677,736,1649,1673]" name="Palau" pageId="11" pageNumber="810">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel mlengui (West Channel),
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B115C05EF1BF99FFB0FC09E" box="[1097,1205,1649,1673]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="32.42" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" precision="9" value="7.5403333">7°32.42’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B115C05E9F4F965FC8AC0B4" box="[678,816,1675,1699]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.37" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" precision="9" value="134.47284">134°28.37’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B115C05E86DF965FCD4C0B4" box="[831,878,1675,1699]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B115C05E82FF965FC49C0B4" box="[893,1011,1675,1699]" pageId="11" pageNumber="810" value="1998-02-10">10.II.1998</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin,
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B165C02EB23FD23FEFFC4E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690057" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690057/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" startId="12.[113,124,717,734]" targetBox="[115,644,215,676]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EB23FD23FEFFC4E2" blockId="12.[113,648,717,757]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
FIG. 15. —?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B165C02EBB3FD23FD3EC4C9" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[225,644,717,734]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pitipiri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02EBB3FD23FECCC4C9" box="[225,374,717,734]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Didemnum pitipiri</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EB23FCC8FF4DC564" blockId="12.[113,647,806,883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
0CDN5075-Z (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B165C02EA41FCC8FED2C529" box="[275,360,806,830]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B165C02EAC7FCC8FE7CC529" box="[405,454,806,830]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">DID</collectionCode>
C 496). — Même station,
<date id="334D67D73B165C02EB9AFCAFFE82C54E" box="[200,312,833,857]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" value="2007-02-13">13.II.2007</date>
, plusieurs colonies (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B165C02E95EFCAFFDD9C54E" box="[524,611,833,857]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B165C02EB21FCB5FF19C564" box="[115,163,859,883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">DID</collectionCode>
C 576).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EB23FC62FDB5C5B4" blockId="12.[113,527,906,932]" box="[113,527,906,932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02EA25FC64FE02C5B5" box="[375,440,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">subtilis</emphasis>
: discret.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EB23FC3FFEB8C5FE" blockId="12.[111,649,977,1700]" box="[113,258,977,1003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EB23FC1EFDE2C390" blockId="12.[111,649,977,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02EBACFC1EFEE1C21C" box="[254,347,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Fig. 74B</figureCitation>
) s’étendent en larges croûtes minces et souples de couleur beige-saumon de 1,5 mm d’épaisseur. La couleur, due seulement aux zoïdes, disparaît en formol. La surface est lisse. Les siphons buccaux s’ouvrent dans un cercle ayant peu de spicules, d’où un aspect ponctué de la surface des colonies. Les ouvertures cloacales communes sont larges, bordées d’une courte cheminée de tunique sans spicules. Les spicules sont denses, surtout dans la couche basale des colonies. Les zoïdes sont suspendus dans des piliers de tunique qui traversent une vaste cavité cloacale commune. Les larves sont contenues dans la couche basale des colonies.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B165C02E9F7FB20FC4AC2E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690059" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690059/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" startId="12.[677,688,1230,1247]" targetBox="[677,1210,217,1187]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02E9F7FB20FC4AC2E1" blockId="12.[677,1209,1229,1270]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
FIG. 16. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B165C02E9ACFB23FC2EC2C9" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[766,916,1229,1246]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02E9ACFB23FC2EC2C9" box="[766,916,1229,1246]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Didemnum subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B165C02E8CBFB20FC70C2C8" box="[921,970,1230,1247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, colonie de Palau:
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02EF34FB23FBC9C2C9" bold="true" box="[1126,1139,1229,1246]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02E9F7FB0AFD08C2E2" bold="true" box="[677,690,1252,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">B</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02E9A4FB0AFCBEC2E2" bold="true" box="[758,772,1252,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B165C02E85CFB0AFCA6C2E2" bold="true" box="[782,796,1252,1269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">D</emphasis>
, larves. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02EBDAFA62FD3EC0B3" blockId="12.[111,649,977,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
Les zoïdes les moins contractés mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B165C02E917FA62FD3CC3B0" box="[581,646,1420,1447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="811" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02EB2AFA45FF6FC3D1" box="[120,213,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[677,688,1230,1247]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,217,1187]" captionTargetId="figure-41@12.[675,1212,213,1191]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 16. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., colonie de Palau: A, thorax; B, zoïde; C, D, larves. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690059/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Figs 16A</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02EBB6FA45FEAEC3D1" box="[228,276,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,861,878]" captionTargetBox="[113,646,217,832]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[103,652,207,838]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 17.— Didemnum subtile n. sp.,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie: A, zoïde; B, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690065/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">17A</figureCitation>
). Les siphons buccaux sont courts et étroits.L’ouverture cloacale est large, sans languette. Le nombre de stigmates n’a pas pu être compté exactement, 6 apparaissent dans le premier rang. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont petits et ronds au niveau du troisième sinus transverse. L’appendice fixateur est mince et long, issu de la base du thorax pour les zoïdes de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B165C02EA7CF967FDBFC0B3" box="[302,517,1673,1700]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
et isolé plus
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02E9F1FAC3FBECC370" blockId="12.[674,1211,1325,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">bas au niveau de l’oesophage dans les autres stations. Le pédoncule oesophago-rectal est court.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02E9E9FA82FBDCC032" blockId="12.[674,1211,1325,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
L’abdomen a une taille égale à celle du thorax (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02E9FCFA62FCA8C3B0" box="[686,786,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[677,688,1230,1247]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,217,1187]" captionTargetId="figure-41@12.[675,1212,213,1191]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 16. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., colonie de Palau: A, thorax; B, zoïde; C, D, larves. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690059/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Figs 16B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02E874FA62FCE3C3B0" box="[806,857,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,861,878]" captionTargetBox="[113,646,217,832]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[103,652,207,838]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 17.— Didemnum subtile n. sp.,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie: A, zoïde; B, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690065/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">17A</figureCitation>
). La boucle digestive est tordue avec des segments bien individualisés. L’estomac a une forme ovale. L’unique vésicule testiculaire sphérique est entourée de 5 tours de spermiducte sur sa calotte externe, l’ovaire y est accolé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B165C02E9E9F9C4FB02C0B3" blockId="12.[674,1211,1325,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">
Les larves de
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pour le tronc sont grandes par rapport aux zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02E8DDF9A4FBB7C072" box="[911,1037,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[677,688,1230,1247]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,217,1187]" captionTargetId="figure-41@12.[675,1212,213,1191]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 16. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., colonie de Palau: A, thorax; B, zoïde; C, D, larves. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690059" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690059/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Figs 16C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02EF48F9A4FBFCC072" box="[1050,1094,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,861,878]" captionTargetBox="[113,646,217,832]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[103,652,207,838]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 17.— Didemnum subtile n. sp.,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie: A, zoïde; B, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690065/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">17B</figureCitation>
). La queue décrit ¾ de tour.Elles ont une structure variable dans une même colonie.En
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B165C02E8D0F967FBF3C0B3" box="[898,1097,1673,1700]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B165C02EF06F967FB11C0B3" box="[1108,1195,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[113,123,861,878]" captionTargetBox="[113,646,217,832]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[103,652,207,838]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 17.— Didemnum subtile n. sp.,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie: A, zoïde; B, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690065" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690065/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="811">Fig.17B</figureCitation>
),
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B175C03E9F7FD47FCD8C4C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690063/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" startId="13.[677,688,681,698]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,631]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03E9F7FD47FCD8C4C7" blockId="13.[677,1209,680,720]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
FIG. 18. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E856FD46FC27C4AE" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[772,925,680,697]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E856FD46FC27C4AE" box="[772,925,680,697]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B175C03E8F1FD47FC6DC4AD" box="[931,983,681,698]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules d’une colonie de Palau. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03EB23FCB3FDA6C592" blockId="13.[112,646,861,901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
FIG. 17.—
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<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EB96FCB3FEEFC579" box="[196,341,861,878]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B175C03EA0AFCB3FE3DC579" box="[344,391,861,878]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,colonie de Nouvelle-Calédonie:
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EB22FC9AFFC7C592" bold="true" box="[112,125,884,901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EB93FC9AFF74C592" bold="true" box="[193,206,884,901]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">B</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A, 0,2 mm; B, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03EB23FC5EFDF3C33F" blockId="13.[111,648,944,1415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
dans le cas le plus général, les 3 papilles adhésives sont bien espacées, bordées de 5 vésicules allongées dont les plus latérales sont plus épaisses.À
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B175C03EAB8FC1EFD9FC21C" box="[490,549,1008,1035]" name="Palau" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Palau</collectingCountry>
, les larves ont souvent 4 vésicules adhésives (
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) (l’une d’elle plus petite) et un nombre variable de vésicules épidermiques de 5 à 7 ou 8 d’un côté de la larve et seulement 5 ou 6 de l’autre côté. Mais il y a aussi des larves à 3 papilles adhésives comme dans les colonies de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B175C03EBC3FB40FEDCC2DE" box="[145,358,1198,1225]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
. Une ampoule arrondie est présente à côté de la masse viscérale. La branchie est différenciée et on compte toujours 5 stigmates dans les 2 premiers rangs. Il n’y a pas de bourgeon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03EBDAFAC3FE8DC390" blockId="13.[111,648,944,1415]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B175C03EA5CFAC3FEE3C35F" box="[270,345,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[677,688,681,698]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,631]" captionTargetId="figure-50@13.[678,1208,214,631]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 18. — Didemnum subtile n. sp., spicules d’une colonie de Palau. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690063/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) sont en pelotes de baguettes de
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de diamètre dans les colonies de toutes les stations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03EB23FA42FF49C3D3" blockId="13.[111,648,1452,1700]" box="[113,243,1452,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03EB23FA25FB0AC29D" blockId="13.[111,648,1452,1700]" lastBlockId="13.[674,1211,786,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
Par sa consistance, sa fragilité et la forme de ses spicules,
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03EB9DFA05FE91C012" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[207,299,1515,1541]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EB9DFA05FE91C012" box="[207,299,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">D.subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
se rapproche de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03EA8AFA05FF12C032" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EA8AFA05FD8DC012" box="[472,567,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">D. fragile</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B175C03E96EFA05FF12C032" author="SLUITER C. P." pageId="13" pageNumber="812" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.Les spécimens de Sluiter conservés à Amsterdam appartiennent à plusieurs espèces dont l’une (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B175C03E914F9C4FD3EC052" box="[582,644,1578,1605]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B175C03EB23F9A4FF22C072" box="[113,152,1610,1637]" country="USA" name="Tulane University, Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">TU</collectionCode>
446-1) est tout à fait semblable à celle décrite de Polynésie (Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F.1987), une autre différente avec deux ou trois vésicules testiculaires (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B175C03E9FBFCFCFD5DC53A" box="[681,743,786,813]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">ZMA</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B175C03E9BFFCFCFCAEC53A" box="[749,788,786,813]" country="USA" name="Tulane University, Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">TU</collectionCode>
446-3). L’espèce décrite sous le nom de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E9F7FCDDFCBFC55B" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[677,773,818,844]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E9F7FCDDFCBFC55B" box="[677,773,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">D. fragile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B175C03E864FCDCFC0DC55A" author="KOTT P." box="[822,951,818,845]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001)</bibRefCitation>
diffère de l’exemplaire à testicule unique de Sluiter et des colonies de Polynésie par une larve nettement plus petite (décrite avec quatre paires de vésicules antérieures, mais figurée avec six). Si l’on considère que le
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B175C03EF57FC5EFB88C5DC" box="[1029,1074,944,971]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">type</typeStatus>
de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03EF0BFC5FFB00C5DD" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[1113,1210,944,970]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EF0BFC5FFB00C5DD" box="[1113,1210,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">D. fragile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est celui étiqueté
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B175C03E809FC3EFC38C5FC" box="[859,898,976,1003]" country="USA" name="Tulane University, Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">TU</collectionCode>
446-1, il diffère de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03EF04FC3FFB00C5FD" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[1110,1210,976,1002]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03EF04FC3FFB00C5FD" box="[1110,1210,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">D. subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par une colonie plus épaisse, un appendice fixateur distant à son origine de la base du thorax, une larve avec des papilles adhésives en forme de tulipes bordées de quatre vésicules seulement de chaque côté, et huit stigmates au lieu de cinq dans la branchie larvaire.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03E9E9FB60FB27C33F" blockId="13.[674,1211,786,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E9E9FB60FC38C2BF" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[699,898,1166,1192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subtile">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E9E9FB60FC38C2BF" box="[699,898,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum subtile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diffère du
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E8ACFB60FBCDC2BF" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[1022,1143,1166,1192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E8ACFB60FBCDC2BF" box="[1022,1143,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. A (Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 1996) qui a des spicules semblables, par un plus grand nombre de stigmates dans les branchies des zoïdes et des larves, et un croissant noir permanent dans la boucle intestinale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03E9E9FAC3FBF9C3D1" blockId="13.[674,1211,786,1478]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E9E9FAC3FBD3C35F" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[699,1129,1325,1352]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albopunctatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E9E9FAC3FC77C350" box="[699,973,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum albopunctatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B175C03E88BFAC3FBDBC35F" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[985,1121,1325,1352]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
a également des spicules formés de rayons en baguettes, mais les zoïdes ont un pigment noir, huit stigmates dans le premier rang branchial et les larves, très différentes, ont seulement deux papilles adhésives.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

165
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<emphasis id="75879D053B135C07EBAAFAA2FE04C370" bold="true" box="[248,446,1356,1383]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Didemnum nivale</emphasis>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07EA2DFA82FE21C390" box="[383,411,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[691,702,657,674]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,612]" captionTargetId="figure-52@10.[678,1208,214,612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 13. — Didemnum nivale n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690045/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">13</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07EAFFFA82FE63C390" box="[429,473,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">73F</figureCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B135C07EB23FA48FF4DC064" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07EB23FA48FF7AC01A" blockId="9.[111,648,1446,1549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B135C07EBAFFA48FEF5C3A9" box="[253,335,1446,1470]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
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<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B135C07EA04FA48FE2AC3A9" box="[342,400,1446,1470]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
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,
<location id="422C17CC3B135C07E949FA48FF24C3CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B135C07EBAAFAA2FD65C0B3:422C17CC3B135C07E949FA48FF24C3CF" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.2421665" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="113.62517" municipality="Mabul Island" name="west Mabul Reef" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" stateProvince="Sabah">west Mabul Reef</location>
,
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,
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,
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<elevation id="CCDEA6243B135C07EAEEFA2EFE4EC3CF" box="[444,500,1472,1496]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</elevation>
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,
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, coll.
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, 0PHG1478-P, (
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<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B135C07E960FA35FDF4C3E4" box="[562,590,1499,1523]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">A2</specimenCode>
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B135C07E905FA35FD32C3E4" box="[599,648,1499,1523]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">DID</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07EB23F9C8FF4DC064" blockId="9.[113,648,1574,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B135C07EB23F9C8FF62C02B" box="[113,216,1574,1597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
. — Même station,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B135C07EAB3F9C8FDEBC029" box="[481,593,1574,1598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" value="2004-07-04">4.VII.2004</date>
, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1301-W, 3 colonies (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B135C07E95DF9AEFDD9C04F" box="[527,611,1600,1624]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">MNHN</collectionCode>
A2
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.C 549).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B135C07EB23F962FD65C0B3" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07EB23F962FD3DC0B4" blockId="9.[113,647,1675,1700]" box="[113,647,1675,1700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B135C07EA24F965FE0EC0B4" box="[374,436,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">nivalis</emphasis>
: blanc comme neige.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9F7FF36FC8FC6E7" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" box="[677,821,216,242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9F7FF16FCBEC4B9" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
Les colonies sont blanches (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07E8B7FF16FBF6C704" box="[997,1100,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Fig. 73F</figureCitation>
), encroûtantes sur du corail, de quelques centimètres d’envergure. Elles sont d’épaisseur variable selon le substrat, soit planes soit lobées, de contour irrégulier. Certaines colonies portaient en surface des organites unicellulaires de couleur rose. Les ouvertures cloacales communes situées au confluent de canaux cloacaux sont irrégulièrement disposées, en simples trous. La cavité cloacale sous-jacente s’étend surtout autour des thorax, elle pénètre un peu dans la couche basale entre les groupes d’abdomens. La surface des colonies est lisse, due à une fine couche de tunique sans spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9E9FD5DFC3EC5BB" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
Les zoïdes sont grands, le thorax plus la «taille » mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B135C07E843FD3DFCE9C4F9" box="[785,851,723,750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07E831FD3DFC7DC4F9" box="[867,967,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[113,124,1130,1147]" captionTargetBox="[113,647,219,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[110,649,213,1097]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 12. — Didemnum nivale n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690049/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
). Les siphons buccaux sont longs et cylindriques, avec 6 lobes aigus, inclus dans une couche de tunique mince. Le siphon cloacal est large, sans languette. La branchie est rectangulaire avec 8 stigmates dans le premier rang et 7 dans les 3 rangs suivants. L’organe thoracique latéral n’a pas été vu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9E9FC5EFBC9C5FC" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">L’appendice fixateur est long et se détache du pédoncule oesophago-rectal à mi-longueur.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9E9FC1EFCEEC27D" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07E811FC1EFC19C21C" box="[835,931,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[113,124,1130,1147]" captionTargetBox="[113,647,219,1088]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[110,649,213,1097]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 12. — Didemnum nivale n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690049/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
) est replié sous le thorax. La boucle intestinale est tordue sur elle-même. Le testicule unique est saillant entouré de 7 à 8 tours du spermiducte.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9E9FB80FC6EC33F" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
Les larves sont contenues dans la couche basale de la colonie. Il y a 3 papilles adhésives bordées de chaque côté de 4 vésicules, d’abord courtes puis devenant très allongées quand la branchie larvaire se différencie. La queue décrit à peine ¾ de tour autour du tronc de
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9E9FAC3FCAEC3D1" blockId="9.[675,1212,216,1478]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B135C07E816FAC3FC2AC35F" box="[836,912,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[691,702,657,674]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,612]" captionTargetId="figure-52@10.[678,1208,214,612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 13. — Didemnum nivale n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690045/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) en astérisques réguliers ont peu de sommets. Les rayons à base pyramidale sont formés d’aiguilles soudées sur presque toute leur longueur. Le diamètre des plus grands spicules est de
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9F7FA05FC9DC014" blockId="9.[675,1210,1515,1700]" box="[677,807,1515,1541]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B135C07E9F7F9E4FD65C0B3" blockId="9.[675,1210,1515,1700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">
Cette nouvelle espèce diffère de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B135C07EF4BF9E5FBBAC052" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="9" pageNumber="808" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeleinae">
<emphasis id="75879D053B135C07EF4BF9E5FB00C033" box="[1049,1210,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="808">D. madeleinae</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
</taxonomicName>
, qui a des spicules semblables, par la couleur et la couche aspiculaire de la surface des colonies et par la structure de la larve.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:date id="FFD03C326083462AE66EA6CA8AE53AA0">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="69B7DD9EC5931391107E282ADF1DF207" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9A599BFCA5F7327112447DFDA1FA8E9C">30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="CBF3DD9C3881D94C6653F29FB5DEB252">4</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="035210E1DE4EFF25C144277B4DDADA51" unit="page">
<mods:start id="22E4F6E0A680CB8A2D567AF153F13984">799</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B9C298E36C78566E4EFCDCCFC07AB67E">872</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9C30DDFE08093174D4ED6B087F69BAF5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B036ADA5126251DDD2A6F424AF0E98F8" type="CLB-Dataset">6330</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="96BD09A04D94B389C8F7F1644FB57AA0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4690007</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F52A5A6F227186719E91DED88D1294B8" type="Zenodo-Dep">4690007</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B145C01EBAAFBA0FBD5C59B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689865" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4689865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B145C01EBAAFBA0FBD5C59B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B145C01EBAAFBA0FBD5C59B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="814" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B145C00EBAAFBA0FDBAC27D" box="[248,512,1102,1130]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EBAAFBA0FDBAC27D" blockId="14.[248,512,1102,1162]" box="[248,512,1102,1130]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B145C00EBAAFBA0FDBAC27D" box="[248,512,1102,1130]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B145C00EBAAFBA0FE04C27E" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[248,446,1102,1129]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tortile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00EBAAFBA0FE04C27E" bold="true" box="[248,446,1102,1129]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Didemnum tortile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B145C00EA97FBA1FDBAC27D" box="[453,512,1103,1130]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B145C00EA46FB81FE5EC29D" box="[276,484,1135,1162]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EA46FB81FE5EC29D" blockId="14.[248,512,1102,1162]" box="[276,484,1135,1162]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EA49FB81FED0C29D" box="[283,362,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1033,1050]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,215,992]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[111,648,213,994]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 20. — Didemnum tortile n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690075/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Figs 20</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EA2EFB81FE22C29D" box="[380,408,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[691,702,691,708]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,649]" captionTargetId="figure-46@15.[678,1208,214,649]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 21. — Didemnum tortile n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690071/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">21</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EAFBFB81FE66C29D" box="[425,476,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">74D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B145C00EB23FB46FDB6C328" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FB46FEA3C318" blockId="14.[111,648,1191,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
<materialsCitation id="F79B4B4A3B145C00EB23FB46FEA3C318" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125611309" collectingDate="2002-01-22" collectionCode="MNHN, DID" collectorName="P. L. Colin" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Tufi" elevation="7" latitude="-9.0815" location="Papouasie - Nouvelle" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="149.31833" municipality="Cape Nelson" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" specimenCode="A2, C 519" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B145C00EB23FB46FF6FC2A9" box="[113,213,1192,1215]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00EBAEFB49FDBDC2D7" bold="true" box="[252,519,1191,1216]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
<location id="422C17CC3B145C00EBAEFB49FE0FC2D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B145C01EBAAFBA0FBD5C59B:422C17CC3B145C00EBAEFB49FE0FC2D7" box="[252,437,1191,1216]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Tufi" latitude="-9.0815" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="149.31833" municipality="Cape Nelson" name="Papouasie - Nouvelle" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Papouasie -Nouvelle</location>
-
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B145C00EAEEFB46FDB9C2D7" box="[444,515,1192,1216]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="A728DB6D3B145C00E959FB46FD39C2D7" box="[523,643,1192,1216]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Cape Nelson</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="AE2D399B3B145C00EB3DFB2CFF2DC2CD" box="[111,151,1218,1242]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Tufi</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B145C00EBF5FB2CFEB0C2CD" box="[167,266,1218,1242]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="04.89" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" precision="9" value="-9.0815">9°04.89’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B145C00EA47FB2CFE29C2CD" box="[277,403,1218,1242]" degrees="149" direction="east" minutes="19.10" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" precision="9" value="149.31833">149°19.10’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00EACDFB2CFE70C2CD" box="[415,458,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="m" value="7.0">
<elevation id="CCDEA6243B145C00EACDFB2CFE70C2CD" box="[415,458,1218,1242]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</elevation>
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,
<date id="334D67D73B145C00EA84FB2CFD80C2CD" box="[470,570,1218,1242]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" value="2002-01-22">
<collectingDate id="23099E3F3B145C00EA84FB2CFD80C2CD" box="[470,570,1218,1242]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" value="2002-01-22">22.I.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="EA0624C13B145C00E925FB2CFF71C2E2" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">P. L. Colin</collectorName>
, 0CDN8516-Q, partie de colonie (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B145C00E961FB33FD32C2E2" box="[563,648,1245,1269]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B145C00EB21FB19FF35C318" box="[115,143,1271,1295]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">A2</specimenCode>
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B145C00EBC4FB19FF7CC318" box="[150,198,1271,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">DID</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B145C00EB9EFB19FEB4C318" box="[204,270,1271,1295]" collectionCode="DID" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">C 519</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FAC6FDB6C328" blockId="14.[113,524,1318,1344]" box="[113,524,1318,1344]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00EA25FAC8FE09C329" box="[375,435,1318,1342]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">tortilis</emphasis>
: tortillé.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B145C01EB23FA83FDC0C0B3" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="814" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FA83FEB8C392" blockId="14.[111,649,1389,1700]" box="[113,258,1389,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FA62FC2EC29D" blockId="14.[111,649,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="14.[674,1212,754,1700]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
La colonie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EBAAFA62FED8C3B0" box="[248,354,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 74D</figureCitation>
), de plusieurs centimètres d’envergure, est constituée de lobes lamellaires soudés entre eux sur une partie de leur longueur et qui portent des expansions irrégulières. Les zoïdes sont ouverts sur toutes les faces des lobes épais de
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00EBC5F9C4FF61C052" box="[151,219,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
en moyenne. La consistance est dure, cassante.La couleur brun rouge avec des plages plus claires devient brun clair à l’état fixé. La surface est finement rugueuse. Les orifices buccaux apparaissent étoilés. Les ouvertures cloacales communes sont soit terminales à la partie apicale des lobes, soit en simples trous espacés sur les faces des lamelles. Les cellules pigmentaires arrondies sont concentrées dans la couche superficielle de la tunique, essentiellement autour des siphons buccaux, elles sont présentes dans les zoïdes et les larves. Les zoïdes sont disposés en 2 strates opposées, séparées par une couche de tunique dense.La cavité cloacale commune est représentée par des canaux étroits au niveau des thorax, et quelques canaux plus larges sous la couche des abdomens qui s’étendent parfois dans les communications entre les lobes de la colonie.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00E9E9FB60FCCAC3D1" blockId="14.[674,1212,754,1700]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00E863FB60FC16C2BE" box="[817,940,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1033,1050]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,215,992]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[111,648,213,994]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 20. — Didemnum tortile n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690075/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 20A, B</figureCitation>
), très petits, sont difficiles à extraire de la tunique. Le siphon buccal est large, en entonnoir avec 6 lobes pointus. L’ouverture cloacale est large mais se resserre par contraction. Il n’y a pas de languette. La branchie a 5 stigmates dans le premier rang. Elle contient de nombreuses cellules brunes. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont arrondis, saillants, au niveau du troisième sinus transverse. L’appendice fixateur est bas, plus long que le thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C01E9E9FA25FE2CC390" blockId="14.[674,1212,754,1700]" lastBlockId="15.[111,648,1135,1415]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="814" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
La boucle du tube digestif est repliée sur elle-même. L’unique vésicule testiculaire (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00E8A6FA05FBE2C011" box="[1012,1112,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1033,1050]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,215,992]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[111,648,213,994]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 20. — Didemnum tortile n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690075/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
) est très saillante sur l’intestin moyen avec un spermiducte enroulé en 4 ou 5 tours sur son pôle externe. L’ovaire se développe contre le testicule. Le tronc des larves mesure 0,4 mm et porte des cellules brunes dans son manteau. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont bordées de chaque côté de 4 vésicules allongées (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01EAA3FB81FDE8C29D" box="[497,594,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1033,1050]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,215,992]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[111,648,213,994]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 20. — Didemnum tortile n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690075/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
). Les larves ne sont pas gemmipares. La queue décrit un tour complet. Dans la colonie on trouve également des larves difformes, avec 1, 2 ou 3 papilles adhésives et un nombre réduit de vésicules épidermiques. Les spicules, très denses, ont une forme d’astérisque (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01EB29FAC3FF77C35F" box="[123,205,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[691,702,691,708]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,649]" captionTargetId="figure-46@15.[678,1208,214,649]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 21. — Didemnum tortile n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690071/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
). La majorité d’entre eux mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B155C01E96DFAC3FD32C35F" box="[575,648,1325,1352]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
mais certains, plus rares, ont des rayons plus pointus et mesurent jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B155C01EA15FA82FE28C390" box="[327,402,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B155C01E9E1FD5DFB17C4D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690071" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690071" box="[691,1197,690,708]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690071/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" startId="15.[691,702,691,708]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,649]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E9E1FD5DFB17C4D3" blockId="15.[691,1197,690,708]" box="[691,1197,690,708]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
FIG. 21. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01E85FFD5CFC26C4D4" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[781,924,690,707]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tortile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E85FFD5CFC26C4D4" box="[781,924,690,707]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum tortile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B155C01E8F3FD5DFC6EC4D3" box="[929,980,691,708]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B155C01EB23FBE7FEF6C226" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690075" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690075/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" startId="15.[113,124,1033,1050]" targetBox="[114,646,215,992]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01EB23FBE7FEF6C226" blockId="15.[113,646,1033,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
FIG. 20. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01EB86FBE7FED0C20D" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[212,362,1033,1050]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tortile" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01EB86FBE7FED0C20D" box="[212,362,1033,1050]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum tortile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B155C01EA23FBE7FE1FC20D" box="[369,421,1033,1050]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01EAE0FBE7FE05C20D" bold="true" box="[434,447,1033,1050]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E940FBE7FDA5C20D" bold="true" box="[530,543,1033,1050]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01EB21FBF1FF3BC227" bold="true" box="[115,129,1055,1072]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01EB23FA42FF49C3D3" blockId="15.[111,648,1452,1700]" box="[113,243,1452,1478]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01EB23FA25FDC0C0B3" blockId="15.[111,648,1452,1700]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
Cette espèce se caractérise par la structure des colonies qui rappelle celle de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01EA11FA05FF14C032" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spongioides">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01EA11FA05FD96C012" box="[323,556,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum spongioides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B155C01E96BFA05FF1DC032" author="SLUITER C. P." pageId="15" pageNumber="814" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
et par la petite taille des zoïdes et des larves,mais les spicules et les pigments sont différents.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01E941F9C4FE2DC072" authority="Monniot F., 1995 a" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1995" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diffundum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E941F9C4FF62C073" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum diffundum</emphasis>
Monniot F.,1995a
</taxonomicName>
aussi une forme massive, lobée, mais avec une pigmentation différente, des spicules plus petits et des larves de forme allongée.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B155C01E9E9FCFCFBD5C59B" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E9E9FCFCFBD5C59B" blockId="15.[674,1210,786,908]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01E9E9FCFCFB9AC53A" authority="Kott, 2004 a" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" box="[699,1056,786,813]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spumosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E9E9FCFCFC21C53B" box="[699,923,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum spumosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B155C01E8F2FCFCFB9AC53A" author="KOTT P." box="[928,1056,786,813]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" pagination="37 - 81" refId="ref36679" refString="KOTT P. 2004 a. - Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37 - 81." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott, 2004 a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
également une colonie de forme complexe avec des lobes coalescents. Ses spicules ont de nombreux rayons courts et peu pointus, la larve est beaucoup plus grande.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E876FC3EFB80C5FC" blockId="15.[804,1082,976,1035]" box="[804,1082,976,1003]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B155C01E876FC3EFB80C5FC" box="[804,1082,976,1003]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B155C01E876FC3EFC42C5FC" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[804,1016,976,1003]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valgum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E876FC3EFC42C5FC" bold="true" box="[804,1016,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Didemnum valgum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B155C01E8ADFC3EFB80C5FC" box="[1023,1082,976,1003]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E81BFC1EFBAFC21C" blockId="15.[804,1082,976,1035]" box="[841,1045,1008,1035]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01E802FC1EFC1AC21C" box="[848,928,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1027,1044]" captionTargetBox="[117,644,216,982]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[111,649,213,986]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 22. — Didemnum valgum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690079/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Figs 22</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01E8E0FC1EFC74C21C" box="[946,974,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[684,695,619,636]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,582]" captionTargetId="figure-48@16.[678,1208,214,582]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 23. — Didemnum valgum n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690077" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690077/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">23</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01E88DFC1EFBB7C21C" box="[991,1037,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">74E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E9F7FBC4FCF8C287" blockId="15.[674,1211,1065,1168]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B155C01E9F7FBC4FCBBC228" box="[677,769,1066,1090]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E863FBC7FBF4C256" bold="true" box="[817,1102,1065,1089]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B155C01E863FBC7FBF0C256" box="[817,1098,1065,1089]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Admiralty Islands, NE Baluan Island reef,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B155C01E882FBADFB88C24C" box="[976,1074,1091,1115]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="31.90" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" precision="9" value="-2.5316668">2°31.90’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B155C01EF68FBADFB0DC24C" box="[1082,1207,1091,1115]" degrees="147" direction="east" minutes="17.78" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" precision="9" value="147.29634">147°17.78’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B155C01E9F1FBB0FD6EC261" box="[675,724,1118,1142]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B155C01E98EFBB0FCF3C261" box="[732,841,1118,1142]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814" value="2003-06-23">23.VI.2003</date>
, coll.P.L. Colin, CRCHO550 (MNHN A2 DID C 540)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E9F7FB47FB83C2D7" blockId="15.[677,1081,1192,1217]" box="[677,1081,1192,1217]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01E8F8FB46FC59C2D7" box="[938,995,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">valgus</emphasis>
: bancal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C01E9F7FB00FC8FC311" blockId="15.[674,1211,1262,1700]" box="[677,821,1262,1288]" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B155C1EE9F7FAE3FE38C31F" blockId="15.[674,1211,1262,1700]" lastBlockId="16.[111,648,1135,1700]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="815" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B155C01E866FAE3FC2BC33F" box="[820,913,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">Fig. 74E</figureCitation>
) enrobent des tubes minces d’hydraires, ou des tubes de polychètes, ou des algues, ou forment des lobes pendants. La couleur
<emphasis id="75879D053B155C01EF27FAA3FB0DC371" box="[1141,1207,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="814">in situ</emphasis>
est d’un blanc pur. La surface des colonies est lisse due à une couche épaisse de tunique sans spicules, transparente. Sous cette couche la tunique reste mince et contient des spicules régulièrement répartis et enserre les siphons buccaux où elle pénètre. La cavité cloacale commune est vaste, en larges canaux autour des thorax. Les abdomens sont contenus dans une tunique plus épaisse avec des spicules denses d’où il est difficile de les extraire. Selon les colonies, une couche basale de tunique plus ou moins épaisse, et nettement délimitée de la précédente ne contient que peu de spicules, mais de très nombreuses cellules circulaires, soit isolées, soit groupées en globules et qui semblent être des symbiontes. Ces organites sont incolores en formol.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B0A5C1EE9FEFD85FB09C46B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690077" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690077" box="[684,1203,618,636]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690077/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" startId="16.[684,695,619,636]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,582]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EE9FEFD85FB09C46B" blockId="16.[684,1203,618,636]" box="[684,1203,618,636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
FIG. 23. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0A5C1EE855FD84FC19C46C" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[775,931,618,635]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valgum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EE855FD84FC19C46C" box="[775,931,618,635]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Didemnum valgum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B0A5C1EE8FAFD85FC60C46B" box="[936,986,619,636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B0A5C1EEB23FBEDFEBAC23C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690079/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" startId="16.[113,124,1027,1044]" targetBox="[117,644,216,982]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EEB23FBEDFEBAC23C" blockId="16.[113,648,1027,1067]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
FIG. 22. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B0A5C1EEB9EFBEDFED2C203" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[204,360,1027,1044]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valgum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EEB9EFBEDFED2C203" box="[204,360,1027,1044]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Didemnum valgum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B0A5C1EEA3FFBEDFE27C203" box="[365,413,1027,1044]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EEAFAFBEDFE0FC203" bold="true" box="[424,437,1027,1044]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EEAABFBEDFDBCC203" bold="true" box="[505,518,1027,1044]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EE942FBEDFDA4C203" bold="true" box="[528,542,1027,1044]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">C</emphasis>
, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EEBDAFAE3FE64C052" blockId="16.[111,648,1135,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
Les zoïdes(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0A5C1EEBA1FAE3FEF2C33F" box="[243,328,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1027,1044]" captionTargetBox="[117,644,216,982]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[111,649,213,986]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 22. — Didemnum valgum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690079/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Fig.22A</figureCitation>
)sont incolores.Le thorax mesure 0,5 mm en extension.Le siphon buccal en entonnoir est bordé de 6 lobes triangulaires.L’ouverture cloacale est large, sans languette. La branchie est aussi large que haute avec 6 ou 7 stigmates dans le premier rang. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont petits, proches de l’ouverture siphonale au niveau du deuxième sinus transverse. Le pédoncule oesophago-rectal est long; le muscle rétracteur s’en sépare à mi-longueur et il peut être plus long que l’abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EEBDAF9A4FB3DC51A" blockId="16.[111,648,1135,1700]" lastBlockId="16.[674,1212,691,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0A5C1EEA54F9A4FEC6C072" box="[262,380,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1027,1044]" captionTargetBox="[117,644,216,982]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[111,649,213,986]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 22. — Didemnum valgum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690079/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Fig.22B, C</figureCitation>
) se place dans le prolongement du thorax.La boucle digestive est plane, ouverte. L’estomac en position antérieure est suivi d’un post-estomac court, puis d’un intestin moyen en olive nettement séparé d’une portion intestinale étroite plus longue. Le rectum débute par un coude.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EE9E9FCFCFB3CC5DC" blockId="16.[674,1212,691,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
Seules des gonades mâles sont présentes dans les colonies étudiées. La vésicule testiculaire unique est sphérique, très saillante sur la partie postérieure de l’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0A5C1EE874FC9FFC10C59B" box="[806,938,881,908]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,1027,1044]" captionTargetBox="[117,644,216,982]" captionTargetId="figure-19@16.[111,649,213,986]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 22. — Didemnum valgum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, abdomens. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690079/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Fig. 22B, C</figureCitation>
). Le nombre de tours du spermiducte est variable selon les zoïdes d’une même colonie, jusqu’à 6. Les larves sont inconnues.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B0A5C1EE9E9FC3EFC72C2FE" blockId="16.[674,1212,691,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0A5C1EE81AFC3EFC2CC5FC" box="[840,918,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[684,695,619,636]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,582]" captionTargetId="figure-48@16.[678,1208,214,582]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 23. — Didemnum valgum n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690077" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690077/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
) ont des tailles très variées. Les plus petits ont
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de diamètre, peu de rayons de longueur égale et régulièrement étoilés ou irrégulièrement implantés et dissymétriques. Les plus grands spicules mesurent jusqu’à
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de diamètre, ils sont plus rares, disséminés dans toute la tunique; ils ont 5 à 8 rayons irrégulièrement orientés. Petits et grands spicules sont constitués de fibres accolées en cônes.
</paragraph>
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Cette nouvelle espèce diffère d’autres
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du Pacifique
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d’une part par la forme de ses spicules, mais aussi par la structure des colonies avec une couche basale pauvre en spicules mais contenant des symbiontes, nettement délimitée de la couche des abdomens à spicules denses.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EE9A1F9C7FC57C053" bold="true" box="[755,1005,1577,1604]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Didemnum verdantum</emphasis>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0A5C1EE89BF9A4FC4CC072" box="[969,1014,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">74F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B0A5C1EE9F7F965FB97C0B4" author="KOTT P." box="[677,1069,1675,1699]" page="247" pageId="16" pageNumber="815" year="2001">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B0A5C1EE9F7F965FC3AC0B4" box="[677,896,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="815">Didemnum verdantum</emphasis>
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, figs 118B-D,
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</paragraph>
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FIG. 24. —
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<emphasis id="75879D053B0B5C1FEB9DFD7AFE33C4B2" box="[207,393,660,677]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Didemnum verdantum</emphasis>
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, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
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171I, pl. 15H (
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,
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).
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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.
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Toachel Iou, channel south of Ngenages Island,
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,
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,
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,
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, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN7915-N (MNHN A2 DID C 498). — Gonipora Coral Flat, inner portion of Sunken barrier reef,
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southeast of Lighthouse Reef, 7°15’98”N, 134°28.39”E,
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, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO547 (MNHN A2 DID C 531).
</paragraph>
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Les colonies(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B0B5C1FEBA6FBC1FEF3C25D" box="[244,329,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="816">Fig.74F</figureCitation>
) forment des croûtes fines,étendues, qui portent en surface des taches de Prochloron vert pâle.La couleur verte ou ocre des colonies vivantes provient d’autres cellules symbiotes situées dans la tunique, qui deviennent brunes dans le formol.
</paragraph>
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L’anatomie des zoïdes correspond à la description originale. Les larves ont des cellules symbiotes dans leur manteau.Les 3 papilles adhésives sont bordées de 6 paires de vésicules allongées.Les spicules mesurent
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de diamètre avec des rayons peu nombreux et peu pointus (
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). Ceci correspond à la figure 171I de
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mais pas au texte de la description.
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135
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B175C03E895F9A4FC42C072" box="[967,1016,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">74C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B175C03E9F7F965FB00C0B4" blockId="13.[677,1210,1675,1699]" box="[677,1210,1675,1699]" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B175C03E9F7F965FB0CC0B4" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" box="[677,1206,1675,1699]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="13" pageNumber="812" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="toafene">
<emphasis id="75879D053B175C03E9F7F965FCE6C0B4" box="[677,860,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="812">Didemnum toafene</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FF39FE79C71E" blockId="14.[113,647,215,265]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
41, fig. 13A-C, pl. 3A (Polynésie). — Monniot F. 1995: 328, pl. 5C (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B145C00EBBDFF1FFE03C71E" box="[239,441,241,265]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FECFFDD5C779" blockId="14.[112,646,289,366]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00EA1FFECFFE33C72E" bold="true" box="[333,393,289,313]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B145C00EA1FFECFFE3EC72E" box="[333,388,289,313]" name="Palau" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B145C00EB9FFED2FE8CC743" box="[205,310,316,340]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="17.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" precision="9" value="7.2968335">7°17.81’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B145C00EA6DFED2FE07C743" box="[319,445,316,340]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="26.82" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" precision="9" value="134.447">134°26.82’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B145C00E95BFED2FD39C743" box="[521,643,316,340]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" value="2005-08-09">9.VIII.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, MLN100 (MNHN A2 DID C 567).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FE78FEB8C7B9" blockId="14.[111,649,406,1035]" box="[113,258,406,432]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EB23FE58FE88C4B9" blockId="14.[111,649,406,1035]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
Les colonies sont blanches, épaisses de
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00E96BFE58FD3BC7C6" box="[569,641,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, encroûtantes, de contour irrégulier (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00E940FE3BFDC6C7E7" box="[530,636,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="65.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@65.[124,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIG. 74. — A,? Didemnum pitipiri Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; B, D. subtile n. sp.; C, D. toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. tortile n. sp.; E, D. valgum n. sp.; F, D. verdantum Kott, 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893740/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 74C</figureCitation>
). Les zoïdes sont très petits semblables à ceux de Polynésie et de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B145C00EA74FDFBFDB0C427" box="[294,522,533,560]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
. Les zoïdes ont un estomac de couleur orangée. Le testicule est entouré de 5 tours du spermiducte. Les larves de
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00EBC0FD9AFF52C498" box="[146,232,628,655]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="350.0">350 µm</quantity>
ont 3 papilles adhésives et 4 paires de vésicules latérales.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B145C00E9F7FD64FCC2C4A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690069/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" startId="14.[677,688,650,667]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,596]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00E9F7FD64FCC2C4A6" blockId="14.[677,1211,649,689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
FIG. 19. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B145C00E856FD67FB0DC48C" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[772,1207,649,667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="toafene">
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00E856FD67FC1CC48D" box="[772,934,649,666]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Didemnum toafene</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EBDAFD5DFD85C57B" blockId="14.[111,649,406,1035]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EA49FD5DFED6C4D9" box="[283,364,691,718]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[677,688,650,667]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,596]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[678,1208,214,596]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 19. — Didemnum toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690069/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
) sont caractéristiques, de deux
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B145C00EBE3FD3DFF53C4F9" box="[177,233,723,750]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">types</typeStatus>
: les uns en astérisques de
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00E941FD3DFDE5C4F9" box="[531,607,723,750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
, les autres de
<quantity id="800BECF23B145C00EB80FD1CFEACC51A" box="[210,278,754,781]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 µm</quantity>
de diamètre. Les grands spicules ont des rayons pyramidaux formés d’aiguilles soudées dont les plus externes sont courtes alors que les plus centrales se prolongent en pointe (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B145C00EAB0FCBFFD88C57B" box="[482,562,849,876]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[677,688,650,667]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,596]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[678,1208,214,596]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 19. — Didemnum toafene Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690069/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B145C00EBDAFC9FFE9DC21C" blockId="14.[111,649,406,1035]" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">
Cette espèce est très adhérente au substrat dont elle est difficile à détacher sans dommage. Elle a beaucoup de caractères communs avec?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B145C00E942FC5EFEA2C5FD" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="14" pageNumber="813" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B145C00E942FC5EFEA2C5FD" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="813">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mais les grands spicules ont une forme différente.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

201
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@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEA54FF39FE49C6E4" blockId="2.[262,499,215,275]" box="[262,499,215,243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B185C0CEA54FF39FE49C6E4" box="[262,499,215,243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CEA54FF39FE0BC6E5" bold="true" box="[262,433,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Atriolum crusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B185C0CEAEAFF36FE49C6E4" box="[440,499,216,243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B185C0DEA76FF16FDE3C33F" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="802" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEA76FF16FE69C704" blockId="2.[262,499,215,275]" box="[292,467,248,275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEA2CFF16FE36C704" box="[382,396,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[141,152,631,648]" captionTargetBox="[113,642,215,598]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[113,643,214,598]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 2. — Atriolum crusta n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690013/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">2</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEACCFF16FE76C704" box="[414,460,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">73A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEB23FEDCFD8FC774" blockId="2.[112,647,305,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B185C0CEB23FEDCFF70C750" box="[113,202,306,330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CEBA0FEDFFE02C75E" bold="true" box="[242,440,305,329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B185C0CEBA0FEDFFE0EC75E" box="[242,436,305,329]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Canal Woodin,
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, 1989, coll. F. Monniot (MNHN A2 ATR 18).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEB23FE92FEEFC7DF" blockId="2.[113,646,379,456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CEAE2FE95FD3CC784" bold="true" box="[432,646,379,403]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B185C0CEAE2FE95FD38C784" box="[432,642,379,403]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ouest île des Pins, pl. 107, 1989, coll. C. Monniot (MNHN A2 ATR 19).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEB23FE0EFDB9C7E0" blockId="2.[113,515,479,504]" box="[113,515,479,504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B185C0CEA25FE0EFE14C7E0" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[375,430,480,503]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crusta">
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CEA25FE0EFE14C7E0" box="[375,430,480,503]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">crusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: croûte.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEB23FDFBFEB8C43A" blockId="2.[111,649,533,1700]" box="[113,258,533,559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEB23FDDAFEDFC5DC" blockId="2.[111,649,533,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEA5BFDDAFED4C458" box="[265,366,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 73A</figureCitation>
) forment des croûtes sur du sédiment consolidé. La forme générale est soit irrégulièrement arrondie, soit lobée. L’épaisseur ne dépasse pas
<quantity id="800BECF23B185C0CEBBBFD7DFE90C4B9" box="[233,298,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
. La plus grande longueur mesurée est
<quantity id="800BECF23B185C0CEBC6FD5DFF59C4D9" box="[148,227,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
mais peut certainement dépasser cette taille. La consistance est très dure. Les zoïdes sont disposés en systèmes circulaires qui dessinent en surface une sorte de pavage (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEAF2FCFCFDB8C53A" box="[416,514,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 73A</figureCitation>
). Les orifices des cloaques communs ne sont pas plus grands que les orifices buccaux. Les spicules sont très denses dans la partie superficielle et basale de la tunique, un peu moins au niveau des zoïdes. La tunique est très difficile à déchirer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEBDAFC3EFD8CC31F" blockId="2.[111,649,533,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Les zoïdes sont disposés en une seule couche, perpendiculaire à la surface des colonies. Le siphon buccal est cylindrique, sa bordure a 6 petits lobes. Le siphon cloacal est extrêmement long, issu du milieu du thorax, bordé de 6 denticules. Il possède un velum interne terminal. Les siphons cloacaux d’un même système se rejoignent en une cavité cloacale commune très petite, presque inexistante, constituée d’un simple trou. Cette absence d’espace cloacal contribue à la rigidité des colonies.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEBDAFAE3FDF7C011" blockId="2.[111,649,533,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont placés audessus du quatrième rang de stigmates. La branchie possède 4rangs avec 20 stigmates de chaque côté dans le premier rang. Les rangs de stigmates sont groupés deux par deux dans les thorax jeunes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEAA2FA62FD85C3B0" box="[496,575,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Il n’y a pas d’appendice fixateur. Une poche incubatrice allongée apparaît à la base du thorax quand l’ovaire se développe, l’oviducte s’y engage (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEABCFA05FD85C011" box="[494,575,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B185C0CE9F7FAE5FCB8C35D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" startId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" targetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CE9F7FAE5FCB8C35D" blockId="2.[677,1209,1291,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
FIG. 1. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B185C0CE9A7FAE5FCC9C30B" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[757,883,1291,1308]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CE9A7FAE5FCC9C30B" box="[757,883,1291,1308]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Atriolum crusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B185C0CE82BFAE5FC13C30B" box="[889,937,1291,1308]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CE8E6FAE5FC7BC30B" bold="true" box="[948,961,1291,1308]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CEF5FFAE5FBA0C30B" bold="true" box="[1037,1050,1291,1308]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">B</emphasis>
, détail de la poche incubatrice;
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CE84BFACFFC9DC325" bold="true" box="[793,807,1313,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">C</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B185C0CE8C9FACFFC13C325" bold="true" box="[923,937,1313,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CEBDAF9E4FBCFC011" blockId="2.[111,649,533,1700]" lastBlockId="2.[675,1212,1420,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEA42F9E4FED9C032" box="[272,355,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) est dans le prolongement du thorax. La boucle intestinale est plane, ouverte. L’intestin (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEBB4F9A4FE86C072" box="[230,316,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) est divisé en compartiments séparés par des étranglements. Le testicule ne comprend qu’une vésicule unique, logée dans la boucle intestinale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CE84FFA62FCCAC3B0" box="[797,880,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Le spermiducte décrit 5 tours de spire. Les zoïdes sont protandriques. L’ovaire se développe contre le testicule du côté rectal. Un ovocyte fait saillie sur l’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CEF41FA05FBDDC011" box="[1043,1127,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B185C0CE9E9F9E4FBD1C0B3" blockId="2.[675,1212,1420,1700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">
Nous n’avons trouvé qu’une larve peu développée dans les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B185C0CE83BF9C4FC7BC052" box="[873,961,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,1291,1308]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,215,1250]" captionTargetId="figure-19@2.[666,1216,208,1256]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Atriolum crusta n. sp.: A, thorax; B, détail de la poche incubatrice; C, abdomen; D, larve. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="801">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Elle mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B185C0CEF32F9C4FB0DC052" box="[1120,1207,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="801" unit="mm" value="750.0">750 µm</quantity>
pour le tronc. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont particulièrement épaisses, séparées par 4 paires d’ampoules épidermiques. La queue décrit ¾ de tours.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B195C0DEBDFFD99FDD6C49F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690013" box="[141,620,630,648]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690013/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" startId="3.[141,152,631,648]" targetBox="[113,642,215,598]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEBDFFD99FDD6C49F" blockId="3.[141,620,630,648]" box="[141,620,630,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
FIG. 2. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB8FFD98FEE1C490" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[221,347,630,647]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB8FFD98FEE1C490" box="[221,347,630,647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum crusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B195C0DEA33FD99FE29C49F" box="[353,403,631,648]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEBDAFD5DFF72C51A" blockId="3.[113,646,691,781]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
Les spicules de
<quantity id="800BECF23B195C0DEA62FD5DFEC2C4D9" box="[304,376,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
pour les plus grands ont de nombreux rayons courts issus d’un centre épais (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B195C0DEB2BFD1CFF00C51A" box="[121,186,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[141,152,631,648]" captionTargetBox="[113,642,215,598]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[113,643,214,598]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 2. — Atriolum crusta n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690013/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEB23FCDCFF49C55D" blockId="3.[111,649,818,1320]" box="[113,243,818,844]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEB23FCBFFDE3C33F" blockId="3.[111,649,818,1320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
Cette espèce diffère essentiellement de tous les autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB23FC9FFF75C59C" authorityName=", Kott" authorityYear="1983" box="[113,207,881,907]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB23FC9FFF75C59C" box="[113,207,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par la structure en croûte des colonies, la surface en pavage, les cavités cloacales communes très réduites et un siphon cloacal inséré au milieu du thorax et dirigé antérieurement.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEAB5FC3EFD3CC5FD" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[487,646,976,1002]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crusta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEAB5FC3EFD3CC5FD" box="[487,646,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum crusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B195C0DEB23FC1EFF13C21C" box="[113,169,1008,1035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
est placé dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEAC2FC1EFE56C21D" authorityName=", Kott" authorityYear="1983" box="[400,492,1008,1034]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEAC2FC1EFE56C21D" box="[400,492,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par la présence d’une poche incubatrice et de très longs siphons cloacaux qui atteignent souvent trois fois la longueur du thorax. Les autres espèces du genre avec une seule vésicule testiculaire ont des colonies dressées.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB22FB60FE0BC2BE" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[112,433,1166,1193]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marinense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB22FB60FE80C2BF" box="[112,314,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum marinense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B195C0DEA6DFB60FE0BC2BE" author="KOTT P." box="[319,433,1166,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEA9DFB61FF13C2DE" authority="Kott, 2003" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2003" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEA9DFB61FDF0C2BF" box="[463,586,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">A. robustum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B195C0DE91DFB60FF13C2DE" author="KOTT P." pageId="3" pageNumber="802" pagination="1611 - 1653" refId="ref36650" refString="KOTT P. 2003. - New syntheses and new species in the Australian Ascidiacea. Journal of Natural History 37 (13): 1611 - 1653." type="journal article" year="2003">Kott, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(très proches l’un de l’autre) ont des colonies en vases avec de larges cavités cloacales communes.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB22FB03FE1FC31F" authority="Kott, 2001 a" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[112,421,1261,1288]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lilium">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB22FB03FEAFC310" box="[112,277,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum lilium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B195C0DEA4EFB03FE29C31F" author="KOTT P." box="[284,403,1261,1288]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
a
</taxonomicName>
une forme de coupe et les zoïdes ne sont pas disposés en systèmes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="13029E3FB4DC15B944C3EB637002DEC1">
<mods:date id="D86AA0A4E52D182FF45A76AC18D1832A">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F44F1080D13D4242931213424845F818" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D33D4B5C5A32129F86F3B5C6CB063060">30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E9A8980F05FEE908BC17A92EB4B6CFB0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="977A359FC4041CE34E2B55AECA7F2BF8">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B380D2E0404B7B98C6EB73C1DF059024" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2DBCB216B43D58CF073EA0A3A67B394A">799</mods:start>
<mods:end id="4EEB22172D70CAD33BECD3E8E6D3BBCC">872</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="DAD0E4B333F1E5B6B205C819AD4AFA13">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C1F590609305C80DFA6E02655FBA9AE8" type="CLB-Dataset">6330</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F0EF974C86614428F41C7D81581F986" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4690007</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F32E3564476901EA18DCF8BAA0E6DDE2" type="GBIF-Dataset">0baa733e-6e79-4600-a069-3a1a9f87fbec</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="735FD8D24E978A9683DA7CEE173DE7E8" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C171A769879A56025452A67973477C81" type="Zenodo-Dep">4690007</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B195C0AEA5BFA85FD90C2BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893649" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893649" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B195C0AEA5BFA85FD90C2BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B195C0AEA5BFA85FD90C2BE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="803" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B195C0DEA5BFA85FD8AC3B0" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEA5BFA85FD8AC3B0" blockId="3.[200,560,1387,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B195C0DEA5BFA85FD8AC3B0" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEA5BFA85FD8AC3B0" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEA5BFA85FE54C391" bold="true" box="[265,494,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum quadratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B195C0DEA66FA45FE7EC3D1" box="[308,452,1451,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEA66FA45FE7EC3D1" blockId="3.[200,560,1387,1478]" box="[308,452,1451,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B195C0DEA69FA45FEC7C3D1" box="[315,381,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[677,688,661,678]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,616]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[678,1208,214,616]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 3. — Atriolum quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996, spicules. Échelle: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690017/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Figs 3</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B195C0DEADCFA45FE06C3D1" box="[398,444,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">73B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B195C0DEB23FA0CFD3CC0B4" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEB23FA0CFE4AC003" blockId="3.[113,647,1506,1556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB23FA0CFF23C003" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 183" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="183" authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB23FA0CFE8CC3ED" box="[113,310,1506,1530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Atriolum quadratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 183
</taxonomicName>
, figs 20D, 26, pl. 4E (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B195C0DEA21FA12FE5FC003" box="[371,485,1532,1556]" name="Micronesia" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Micronésie</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEB23F9C7FF46C04B" blockId="3.[112,646,1577,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B195C0DEB23F9C7FF46C04B" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B195C0DEB23F9C7FE01C056" author="KOTT P." box="[113,443,1577,1601]" page="40" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B195C0DEB23F9C7FE01C056" authority="Kott, 2001: 40" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="2001" box="[113,443,1577,1601]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brandi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEB23F9C7FE92C056" box="[113,296,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Leptoclinides brandi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B195C0DEA7FF9C7FE01C056" author="KOTT P." box="[301,443,1577,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001: 40</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B195C0DEABAF9C7FDFBC056" box="[488,577,1577,1601]" degrees="13, 159" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" precision="55" value="13.159">13, 159E</geoCoordinate>
, pl. 1G (
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B195C0DEB24F9AAFF4BC04B" box="[118,241,1604,1628]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Queensland</collectingRegion>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DEB23F99FFD3CC0B4" blockId="3.[113,646,1649,1699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B195C0DEA36F99FFD3CC09E" bold="true" box="[356,646,1649,1673]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B195C0DEA36F99FFD38C09E" box="[356,642,1649,1673]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Julian Reefs, west side of Normanby Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B195C0DE946F965FD38C0B4" box="[532,642,1675,1699]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="00.21" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" precision="9" value="-10.0035">10°00.21’S</geoCoordinate>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B195C0AE9F1FF39FD90C2BE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="803" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9F1FF39FB9BC71E" blockId="3.[675,1207,215,265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B195C0DE9F1FF39FC96C6F8" box="[675,812,215,239]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="50.04" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" precision="9" value="150.834">150°50.04’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B195C0DE868FF39FCCDC6F8" box="[826,887,215,239]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B195C0DE8D4FF39FC48C6F8" box="[902,1010,215,239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" value="2002-01-18">18.I.2002</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN8467-N (MNHN A2 ATR 17).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9F7FED9FC8FC758" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" box="[677,821,311,337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9F7FEB9FC73C427" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
La colonie de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B195C0DE87DFEB9FBF7C765" box="[815,1101,343,370]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B195C0DEF0BFEB9FB08C765" box="[1113,1202,343,370]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Fig. 73B</figureCitation>
) est semblable à celle de l’holotype, blanchâtre, encroûtante, gonflée sous l’eau, de
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d’épaisseur avec un peu de vert en surface (Prochloron?). La surface est rugueuse, résistante, mais la partie interne est molle.La face inférieure est très difficile à détacher du substrat sans dommage.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9E9FDDAFB9AC55A" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
La colonie fixée a une surface contournée, d’aspect fripé, ce qui est dû à la contraction car les cavités cloacales sont très vastes et s’étendent sous la couche des zoïdes. Les ouvertures cloacales communes sont de simples trous. La tunique est résistante, sans couche vacuolaire en surface. Elle contient de très gros spicules étoilés de
<quantity id="800BECF23B195C0DE8C9FD1CFC4AC51A" box="[923,1008,754,781]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="802" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B195C0DE8ADFD1CFB84C51A" box="[1023,1086,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[677,688,661,678]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,616]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[678,1208,214,616]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 3. — Atriolum quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996, spicules. Échelle: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690017/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), denses en surface, mais moins abondants au niveau des zoïdes et de la couche basale de la colonie.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9E9FCBFFC16C23C" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Le siphon buccal est cylindrique, court, sans lobes. La branchie contient 2 fois 2 rangs de stigmates, divergents au niveau de l’endostyle. Le premier rang contient 14 stigmates de chaque côté. Les organes thoraciques latéraux circulaires, discrets, sont situés au-dessus du quatrième rang de stigmates au-dessus de l’insertion de la taille.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9E9FBC1FB10C2BE" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">Le siphon cloacal a toujours un diamètre assez large, une longueur variable, son bord est soit circulaire, soit avec 4 ondulations ou encore marqué de 2 lèvres, la lèvre postérieure un peu plus longue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0DE9E9FB40FC70C032" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">L’abdomen est soit en angle droit sous le thorax, soit dans son prolongement, selon la place du zoïde par rapport à la cavité cloacale commune. Le tube digestif forme une boucle simple, ouverte et plane avec des compartiments nets. Le testicule est composé d’une rosette de 5 à 7 lobes placés sur l’intestin ou postérieurement à celui-ci. Le spermiducte est enroulé en 4 tours dans le sens des aiguilles d’une montre ou en sens inverse, il ne couvre que la partie centrale de la rosette testiculaire. Il se dirige vers le thorax et pénètre dans le siphon cloacal et s’ouvre un peu en arrière de l’anus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B195C0AE9E9F9C4FEEFC4F9" blockId="3.[674,1212,311,1700]" lastBlockId="4.[112,649,216,813]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="803" pageId="3" pageNumber="802">
L’ovaire se situe contre l’intestin postérieur. L’oviducte se termine à la base du siphon cloacal dans une poche incubatrice peu développée dans la colonie étudiée. Cette poche en forme de sac n’a pas de pédoncule et ne contient pas d’embryon. Les larves arrondies mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B1E5C0AEA83FF16FD91C704" box="[465,555,248,275]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" unit="mm" value="700.0">700 µm</quantity>
pour le tronc, elles sont isolées dans la couche de tunique qui contient les zoïdes. Elles ont un ocelle et un otolithe, 4 rangs de stigmates. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont cylindriques. Les vésicules épidermiques sont arrondies, on en compte 4 de chaque côté, mais très souvent la vésicule médiane de chaque côté est divisée en 2 lobes rapprochés l’un de l’autre, de même taille, mais qui semblent résulter de la division d’une papille unique. On observe parfois une division des vésicules épidermiques chez quelques larves âgées. Une papille impaire émerge de la masse vitelline de la larve à gauche. L’ébauche du tube digestif est bien visible. La queue décrit ¾ de tour autour du tronc. La larve n’est pas gemmipare.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B1E5C0AE9F7FD7BFC39C4AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690017" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690017/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" startId="4.[677,688,661,678]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,616]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AE9F7FD7BFC39C4AB" blockId="4.[677,1211,660,700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
FIG. 3. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AE9A8FD7AFB0DC4B1" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" box="[762,1207,660,678]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AE9A8FD7AFC1EC4B2" box="[762,932,660,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Atriolum quadratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
, spicules. Échelle: 100 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEBDAFD1CFDECC53A" blockId="4.[112,649,216,813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Il n’y a aucune cellule pigmentaire dans cette espèce, ni dans la tunique, ni dans les zoïdes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEB23FCBCFF49C57D" blockId="4.[111,647,850,1193]" box="[113,243,850,876]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEB23FC9FFD90C2BE" blockId="4.[111,647,850,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
Cette espèce est placée dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AE971FC9FFD3CC59C" authorityName=", Kott" authorityYear="1983" box="[547,646,881,907]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AE971FC9FFD3CC59C" box="[547,646,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Atriolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
caractérisé par la présence d’une poche incubatrice à la base du thorax.
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B1E5C0AEA6FFC5EFE07C5DC" author="KOTT P." box="[317,445,944,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott (2001)</bibRefCitation>
place dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEB22FC3EFF4EC5FD" box="[112,244,976,1002]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEB22FC3EFF4EC5FD" box="[112,244,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Leptoclinides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deux espèces ayant une poche incubatrice que nous estimons devoir être placées dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEBFCFBE1FEB3C23E" authorityName=", Kott" authorityYear="1983" box="[174,265,1039,1065]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEBFCFBE1FEB3C23E" box="[174,265,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Atriolum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEA4BFBFEFE56C23C" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[281,492,1039,1067]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brandi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEA4BFBFEFECDC23E" box="[281,375,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">L. brandi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B1E5C0AEA29FBFEFE56C23C" author="KOTT P." box="[379,492,1040,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AE95BFBFEFF58C25D" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AE95BFBFEFD3DC23E" box="[521,647,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">L. variegatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B1E5C0AEB3DFBC1FF58C25D" author="KOTT P." box="[111,226,1071,1098]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEBBFFBC1FE0DC25E" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[237,439,1071,1097]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Leptoclinides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brandi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEBBFFBC1FE0DC25E" box="[237,439,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Leptoclinides brandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a la même forme de la colonie et des zoïdes qu’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEAD8FBA1FDA6C27E" box="[394,540,1103,1129]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEAD8FBA1FDA6C27E" box="[394,540,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">A. quadratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, la même larve et les mêmes spicules, nous le considérons donc comme synonyme d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEAC2FB61FD99C2BF" box="[400,547,1166,1193]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Atriolum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEAC2FB61FD99C2BF" box="[400,547,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">A. quadratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="9383BB8BF1C2C3562BFD364715ADFDA3">Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F76E4F0A37C4AA5D2FF37C404865880A">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EBBEFAA2FDB6C370" blockId="7.[236,524,1356,1415]" box="[236,524,1356,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B1D5C09EBBEFAA2FDB6C370" box="[236,524,1356,1383]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1D5C09EBBEFAA2FE73C370" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[236,457,1356,1383]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekeald" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EBBEFAA2FE73C370" bold="true" box="[236,457,1356,1383]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Didemnum mekeald</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1D5C09EA83FAA2FDB6C370" box="[465,524,1356,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B1D5C06EA76FA82FD92C4B9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="807" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EA76FA82FE6EC390" blockId="7.[236,524,1356,1415]" box="[292,468,1388,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09EA79FA82FED7C390" box="[299,365,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,828,845]" captionTargetBox="[123,642,216,764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[113,653,210,772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 8. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Figs 8</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09EA2DFA82FE37C390" box="[383,397,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[685,696,650,667]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,605]" captionTargetId="figure-44@7.[678,1208,214,605]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 9. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690031" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690031/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">9</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09EACCFA82FE76C390" box="[414,460,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">73E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EB23FA48FD85C3E4" blockId="7.[112,646,1446,1523]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
MATÉRIEL
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B1D5C09EB85FA42FEBEC3AB" box="[215,260,1452,1468]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">TYPE</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EA7FFA48FED0C3A9" bold="true" box="[301,362,1446,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1D5C09EA7FFA48FEDCC3A9" box="[301,358,1446,1470]" name="Palau" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1D5C09EBFAFA2EFEB5C3CF" box="[168,271,1472,1496]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="17.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" precision="9" value="7.2968335">7°17.81’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1D5C09EA4AFA2EFE29C3CF" box="[280,403,1472,1496]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="26.82" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" precision="9" value="134.447">134°26.82’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B1D5C09EA8FFA2EFDEEC3CF" box="[477,596,1472,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" value="2005-08-09">9.VIII.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, MLN068 (MNHN A2 DID C 543).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EB23F9E3FF05C064" blockId="7.[112,647,1547,1651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EAC4F9E5FE69C034" bold="true" box="[406,467,1547,1571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1D5C09EAC4F9E5FE75C034" box="[406,463,1547,1571]" name="Palau" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ulebsechel Island, Ngel Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1D5C09EBB0F9C8FEF1C029" box="[226,331,1574,1598]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="18.72" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" precision="9" value="7.312">7°18.72’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1D5C09EA04F9C8FE6EC029" box="[342,468,1574,1598]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.31" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" precision="9" value="134.47183">134°28.31’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B1D5C09EA8DF9C8FDEBC029" box="[479,593,1574,1598]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" value="2005-04-15">15.IV.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, NLU067 (MNHN A2 DID C 544).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EB23F962FD96C0B4" blockId="7.[113,556,1675,1700]" box="[113,556,1675,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Mekeald est la localité
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B1D5C09EAA9F965FD92C0B4" box="[507,552,1675,1699]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09E9F7FD3DFC8FC4FC" blockId="7.[675,1212,723,1700]" box="[677,821,723,749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09E9F7FD1CFCDDC5FC" blockId="7.[675,1212,723,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
Les colonies sont minces, blanches (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09EF17FD1CFB16C51A" box="[1093,1196,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Fig. 73E</figureCitation>
), et ne dépassent pas
<quantity id="800BECF23B1D5C09E8D4FCFCFC56C53A" box="[902,1004,786,813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2 à 3 cm</quantity>
de diamètre. Leur contour dépend du substrat auquel elles adhèrent fortement. La surface des colonies vivantes est lisse, percée d’orifices buccaux étoilés régulièrement espacés. Les ouvertures cloacales communes sont en simples trous. La cavité cloacale ne s’étend qu’au niveau des thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09E9E9FC1EFCCBC3F1" blockId="7.[675,1212,723,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
Les zoïdes fixés ont une coloration jaune pâle. Les thorax (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09E870FBE1FCCEC23D" box="[802,884,1039,1066]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,828,845]" captionTargetBox="[123,642,216,764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[113,653,210,772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 8. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) mesurent 0,5 mm. Le siphon buccal est court à 6 lobes arrondis. L’ouverture cloacale est étroite (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09E820FBA1FC78C27D" box="[882,962,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,828,845]" captionTargetBox="[123,642,216,764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[113,653,210,772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 8. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) et bordée, par contraction elle peut former un tube court. L’opacité du manteau rend les stigmates difficiles à compter, il y en a 8 au moins dans le premier rang. Les organes thoraciques latéraux n’ont pas été vus. Le pédoncule oesophago-rectal est épaissi par le muscle rétracteur qui s’en sépare loin du thorax ou qui peut être indépendant, mais toujours fort. La boucle intestinale est simple et droite avec un estomac rond (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09E9B8FA82FC87C390" box="[746,829,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,828,845]" captionTargetBox="[123,642,216,764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[113,653,210,772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 8. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). Le testicule en lentille recouvre le fond de la boucle digestive. Le spermiducte décrit 5 ou 6 tours. L’ovaire a la position habituelle avec plusieurs ovocytes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09E9E9FA05FBA3C0B3" blockId="7.[675,1212,723,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
Deux larves seulement ont été trouvées dans la couche basale des colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1D5C09E883F9E4FB9DC032" box="[977,1063,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,828,845]" captionTargetBox="[123,642,216,764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[113,653,210,772]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 8. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
), proches des abdomens. Le tronc mesure seulement 0,3 mm. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont jointives et bordées de chaque côté de 4 vésicules allongées, très serrées. Les larves ne sont pas gemmipares.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EBDAFF36FDCEC765" blockId="8.[113,648,216,370]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06EA46FF36FEE8C6E4" box="[276,338,216,243]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[685,696,650,667]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,605]" captionTargetId="figure-44@7.[678,1208,214,605]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 9. — Didemnum mekeald n. sp.: spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690031" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690031/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) ont des tailles et des formes variées. Les plus gros, de
<quantity id="800BECF23B125C06EA2CFF16FE7FC704" box="[382,453,248,275]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 µm</quantity>
de diamètre, sont constitués de nombreux rayons concentriques en baguettes, d’autres forment des boules denses hérissées de pointes. Tous les intermédiaires existent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EB23FE78FF49C7B9" blockId="8.[111,647,406,686]" box="[113,243,406,432]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EB23FE58FD92C4B9" blockId="8.[111,647,406,686]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
La combinaison de plusieurs caractères permet d’isoler cette nouvelle espèce d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06EAF4FE3BFDA4C7F8" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[422,542,469,495]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06EAF4FE3BFDA4C7F8" box="[422,542,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Didemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ayant des spicules en fines baguettes concentriques. Ce sont: une cavité cloacale commune limitée à la région des thorax, un siphon cloacal étroit, une larve très petite avec des papilles adhésives et des vésicules antérieures serrées les unes contre les autres et séparées de la masse viscérale par un fort étranglement.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B125C06EBC0FD1CFEC2C225" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EBC0FD1CFDDCC51A" blockId="8.[146,614,754,813]" box="[146,614,754,781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06EBF0FD1CFDDCC51A" authority="Sluiter, 1909" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[162,614,754,781]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06EBF0FD1CFE6EC51A" bold="true" box="[162,468,754,781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06EACFFCFCFE03C53A" box="[413,441,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,1144,1161]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1107]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[116,643,214,1107]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 11. —? Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909, spicules. Échelles: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690041/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">11</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B125C06EB23FCA5FD98C574" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[113,546,843,867]" page="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06EB23FCA5FD98C574" authority="Sluiter, 1909: 58" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1909" box="[113,546,843,867]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06EB23FCA5FEC3C574" box="[113,377,843,867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B125C06EA2DFCA5FD98C574" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[383,546,843,867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909: 58</bibRefCitation>
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(part). —
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<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B125C06EB23FC88FEBCC569" author="KOTT P." box="[113,262,870,894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref36577" refString="KOTT P. 2001. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 4, Aplousobranchia (3), Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47 (1): 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001: 205</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 98, 170D, sans la synonymie; 2002: 36 (nord
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B125C06EB9AFC6EFEA5C58F" box="[200,287,896,920]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Australie</collectingCountry>
); 2004a: 56 (nord
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B125C06EA86FC6EFD91C58F" box="[468,555,896,920]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Australie</collectingCountry>
); 2004b: 2497 (ouest
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B125C06EBB8FC75FEF8C5A4" box="[234,322,923,947]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Australie</collectingCountry>
); 2005: 61 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B125C06EAEFFC75FDFAC5A4" box="[445,576,923,947]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">îles Salomon</collectingCountry>
).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EB23FC25FEC2C225" blockId="8.[112,647,970,1074]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B125C06EA0EFC24FE08C5F5" box="[348,434,970,994]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B125C06EAEFFC24FDAAC5F5" box="[445,528,970,994]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, SW peninsular Tanjung Datu, rock in centre of bay,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B125C06EB23FC11FF57C200" box="[113,237,1023,1047]" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="39.20" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" precision="9" value="109.653336">109°39.20’E</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B125C06EA76FC11FE36C200" box="[292,396,1023,1047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" value="2003-05-27">27.V.2003</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0M915795-J (MNHN A2 DID C 535).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="138C119F3B125C06E9F7FC3DFC4BC5EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690039" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690039" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690039/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" startId="8.[677,688,979,996]" targetBox="[682,1206,218,932]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06E9F7FC3DFC4BC5EC" blockId="8.[677,1209,979,1019]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
FIG. 10. —?
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<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06E859FC3DFC4BC5F3" box="[779,1009,979,996]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B125C06E8A7FC3DFBE6C5F3" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[1013,1116,979,996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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:
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06EF35FC3DFBCEC5F3" bold="true" box="[1127,1140,979,996]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06E9F7FC07FD08C5ED" bold="true" box="[677,690,1001,1018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06E84AFC07FC9CC5ED" bold="true" box="[792,806,1001,1018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B125C07EB23FBA1FE44C31F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="808" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EB23FBA1FEB8C270" blockId="8.[111,649,1103,1700]" box="[113,258,1103,1129]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06EB23FB81FDACC0B3" blockId="8.[111,649,1103,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
Les colonies sont encroûtantes de
<quantity id="800BECF23B125C06EABBFB81FD91C29D" box="[489,555,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
d’épaisseur une fois fixées. La surface est lisse, percée par des orifices buccaux denses, étoilés. En quelques endroits l’un des lobes buccaux est plus épais mais ne forme pas de papille saillante en surface. Les cavités cloacales communes sont très étendues au niveau des thorax qui sont inclus dans des brides de tunique isolées. Les abdomens et les larves sont contenus dans la couche basale de la tunique. Les zoïdes de petite taille sont contractés. Le siphon buccal est court, cylindrique à 6 lobes. L’ouverture cloacale est large sans languette.Le thorax (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06E971FA25FDC7C3F1" box="[547,637,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[677,688,979,996]" captionTargetBox="[682,1206,218,932]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[655,1216,196,937]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 10. —? Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690039" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690039/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
) est triangulaire. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont ronds et saillants. Un appendice fixateur est inséré à la base du thorax. L’abdomen en position horizontale contient une boucle digestive tordue (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06EB29F987FF64C093" box="[123,222,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[677,688,979,996]" captionTargetBox="[682,1206,218,932]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[655,1216,196,937]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 10. —? Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690039" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690039/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
). Le testicule en petite vésicule unique et ronde porte 5 tours du spermiducte.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06E9E9FBC1FB17C370" blockId="8.[674,1212,1071,1383]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
Les larves (
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) mesurent 0,5 mm. Elles possèdent 3 papilles adhésives sur un fin pédoncule et 4 paires de vésicules épidermiques. Cinq stigmates sont parfois visibles dans le premier rang de la branchie larvaire. La queue décrit ¾ de tour. La larve n’est pas gemmipare. Les spicules sont de deux sortes, les uns en astérisques de
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de diamètre (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06E9F9FAE3FCB2C33F" box="[683,776,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,1144,1161]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1107]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[116,643,214,1107]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 11. —? Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909, spicules. Échelles: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690041/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
), et d’autres rares situés seulement dans la couche supérieure de la tunique, avec de 5 à 8 rayons fins et un diamètre atteignant
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(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B125C06EF6CFAA2FB1AC370" box="[1086,1184,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,1144,1161]" captionTargetBox="[116,643,215,1107]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[116,643,214,1107]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 11. —? Didemnum membranaceum Sluiter, 1909, spicules. Échelles: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690041" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690041/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06E9F7FA62FC9DC3B3" blockId="8.[674,1210,1420,1700]" box="[677,807,1420,1446]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C06E9F7FA45FC39C032" blockId="8.[674,1210,1420,1700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
Tous les caractères de cette espèce correspondent très bien à ceux de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06E86DFA25FBD9C3F2" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[831,1123,1483,1509]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06E86DFA25FBD9C3F2" box="[831,1123,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">Didemnum membranaceum</emphasis>
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excepté la couleur en vie, toujours rouge pour toutes les récoltes précédentes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B125C07E9E9F9C4FE44C31F" blockId="8.[674,1210,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="9.[111,647,1230,1288]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="808" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B125C06E9E9F9C4FCFBC052" author="KOTT P." box="[699,833,1578,1605]" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" pagination="37 - 81" refId="ref36679" refString="KOTT P. 2004 a. - Ascidiacea (Tunicata) in Australian waters of the Timor and Arafura seas. The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 20: 37 - 81." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott (2004a)</bibRefCitation>
décrit une nouvelle espèce
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06EF01F9C5FD5CC073" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congregatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06EF01F9C5FD5CC073" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">D. congregatum</emphasis>
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dont elle ne donne pas la couleur, qui a les mêmes spicules que
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B125C06E821F984FB89C094" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1909" box="[883,1075,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="8" pageNumber="807" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="membranaceum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B125C06E821F984FB89C094" box="[883,1075,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="807">D. membranaceum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, des colonies minces sans larves et dont les zoïdes ne sont pas connus: «disintegrated». Cette espèce ne peut donc pas être comparée à nos échantillons.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B1E5C0BEA77FAC2FC89C370" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689858" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485219" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4689858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B1E5C0BEA77FAC2FC89C370" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B1E5C0BEA77FAC2FC89C370" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="804" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B1E5C0AEA77FAC2FD8AC370" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEA77FAC2FD8AC370" blockId="4.[200,560,1324,1415]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B1E5C0AEA77FAC2FD8AC370" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEA77FAC2FD8AC370" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahu">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEA77FAC2FE69C350" bold="true" box="[293,467,1324,1351]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Didemnum ahu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B1E5C0BEA71FA82FC89C370" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="804" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEA71FA82FE6FC390" blockId="4.[200,560,1324,1415]" box="[291,469,1388,1415]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AEA78FA82FED6C390" box="[298,364,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,820,837]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,215,777]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[111,650,207,783]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 4.— Didemnum ahu Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Figs 4</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AEA2FFA82FE31C390" box="[381,395,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[677,688,1202,1219]" captionTargetBox="[683,1203,223,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[682,1203,214,1137]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 100 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690023" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690023/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">5</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AEACFFA82FE77C390" box="[413,461,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">73C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEB23FA5FFE93C00F" blockId="4.[112,646,1457,1560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1E5C0AEB23FA5FFD38C3DE" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F. 1987: 25" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1987" box="[113,642,1457,1481]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahu">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEB23FA5FFEB0C3DE" box="[113,266,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Didemnum ahu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F. 1987: 25
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 6A-C, pl. 1E (Polynésie). — Monniot F. 1995: 300, pl. IIIC (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1E5C0AEB91FA08FE32C3E9" box="[195,392,1510,1534]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
). —? Rocha &amp; Monniot F. 1995: 640 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1E5C0AEBB0F9EEFEA4C00F" box="[226,286,1536,1560]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Brésil</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AEB23F9D2FE6DC0B4" blockId="4.[112,649,1596,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B1E5C0AEA31F9D2FE18C043" bold="true" box="[355,418,1596,1620]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1E5C0AEA31F9D2FE27C043" box="[355,413,1596,1620]" name="Palau" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngermeuangel Island, Ngermeuangel Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1E5C0AEA1DF9B8FE07C079" box="[335,445,1622,1646]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="19.12" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" precision="9" value="7.3186665">7°19.12’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1E5C0AEA9BF9B8FDF6C079" box="[457,588,1622,1646]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" precision="9" value="134.50667">134°30.40’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B1E5C0AE90AF9B8FD39C079" box="[600,643,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B1E5C0AEB21F99FFF61C09E" box="[115,219,1649,1673]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" value="2004-02-10">10.II.2004</date>
et
<date id="334D67D73B1E5C0AEBA7F99FFED4C09E" box="[245,366,1649,1673]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803" value="2004-12-25">25.XII.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, NLK002 (MNHN A2 DID C 569).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AE9F7FD1DFC8FC51C" blockId="4.[674,1212,755,1700]" box="[677,821,755,781]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0AE9F7FCFCFC9BC2FE" blockId="4.[674,1212,755,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
Les colonies sont minces, encroûtantes, à surface lisse et à bordure arrondie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AE8D0FCDCFC5AC55A" box="[898,992,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Fig.73C</figureCitation>
). Elles recouvrent des coquilles et débordent sur leur bord en s’épaississant. Elles sont très souples mais peuvent facilement être détachées de leur support. La couleur est blanche, transparente au niveau des canaux cloacaux. Les spicules sont peu abondants. Les ouvertures cloacales communes en simples trous sont régulièrement disposées dans une mince couche de tunique. Les orifices buccaux donnent un aspect ponctué. Les thorax sont insérés dans des piliers traversant une vaste cavité cloacale commune. Les abdomens sont inclus dans la partie basale compacte de la tunique qui contient quelques inclusions orangées au contact du support.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1E5C0BE9E9FB03FE62C21C" blockId="4.[674,1212,755,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[111,648,913,1383]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="804" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">
Les zoïdes sont très petits avec un thorax de 0,3 mm (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AE840FAE3FCD3C33F" box="[786,873,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,820,837]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,215,777]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[111,650,207,783]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 4.— Didemnum ahu Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) et un abdomen de 0,35 mm (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AE9FCFAC3FCBEC35F" box="[686,772,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,820,837]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,215,777]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[111,650,207,783]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 4.— Didemnum ahu Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Le siphon buccal est court, étroit, à 6 lobes. L’ouverture cloacale est étroite à bordure épaissie, circulaire, sans languette. On compte 6 stigmates arrondis dans le premier rang. Les organes thoraciques latéraux sont saillants, en lamelles transverses, situés au niveau du quatrième rang de stigmates (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1E5C0AE86BFA05FC34C011" box="[825,910,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,820,837]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,215,777]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[111,650,207,783]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 4.— Didemnum ahu Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="803">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Le muscle rétracteur a une longueur variable et s’isole plus ou moins loin du thorax. Le tube digestif décrit une boucle simple, un peu repliée quand les gonades sont bien développées. On y trouve les segments habituels. Chez quelques zoïdes un manchon d’ampoules transparentes entoure l’intestin antérieur. L’unique vésicule testiculaire est sphérique ou conique encerclée de 7 à 8 tours du spermiducte. L’ovaire contient plusieurs ovocytes à différents stades de maturation.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B1F5C0BEB23FCDAFE06C54B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" startId="5.[113,124,820,837]" targetBox="[115,645,215,777]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEB23FCDAFE06C54B" blockId="5.[112,646,819,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
FIG. 4.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BEBEEFCDDFD91C552" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[188,555,819,837]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahu">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEBEEFCDDFE8DC553" box="[188,311,819,836]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Didemnum ahu</emphasis>
Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE964FCDDFDF9C553" bold="true" box="[566,579,819,836]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEB22FCA4FFC7C54C" bold="true" box="[112,125,842,859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEBB1FCA4FF4BC54C" bold="true" box="[227,241,842,859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEBDAFBFEFEE8C31F" blockId="5.[111,648,913,1383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BEBACFBFEFEE9C23C" box="[254,339,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,820,837]" captionTargetBox="[115,645,215,777]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[111,650,207,783]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 4.— Didemnum ahu Monniot C.&amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, larve. Échelle: 0,3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690019/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BEA37FBFEFE3CC23C" box="[357,390,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[677,688,1202,1219]" captionTargetBox="[683,1203,223,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[682,1203,214,1137]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 100 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690023" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690023/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">5A</figureCitation>
) se développent dans la couche basale de la colonie au contact des abdomens. Le tronc mesure 0,3 mm. La queue décrit ¾ de tour. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont allongées entre 4 paires de vésicules digitiformes issues d’une base étranglée. La branchie et le tube digestif larvaires sont ébauchés. Une vésicule est présente à gauche de la masse viscérale.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B1F5C0BE9F7FB5CFBABC2CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690023" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690023" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690023/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" startId="5.[677,688,1202,1219]" targetBox="[683,1203,223,1137]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BE9F7FB5CFBABC2CE" blockId="5.[677,1209,1201,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
FIG. 5. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BE9A3FB5FFBD3C2D4" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[753,1129,1201,1219]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahu">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE9A3FB5FFCD4C2D5" box="[753,878,1201,1218]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Didemnum ahu</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F.,1987
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEF26FB5FFB3BC2D5" bold="true" box="[1140,1153,1201,1218]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">A</emphasis>
, larve;
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE9F7FB26FD08C2CE" bold="true" box="[677,690,1224,1241]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">B</emphasis>
, spicules. Échelles: A, 100 μm; B, 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEBDAFAE3FE3DC370" blockId="5.[111,648,913,1383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BEA4BFAE3FED7C33F" box="[281,365,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[677,688,1202,1219]" captionTargetBox="[683,1203,223,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-50@5.[682,1203,214,1137]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F.,1987: A, larve; B, spicules. Échelles: A, 100 μm; B, 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690023" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690023/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
) ont des rayons courts et épais de longueur et de forme irrégulières. Les plus grands mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B1F5C0BEA78FAA2FE39C370" box="[298,387,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEB23FA62FF49C3B3" blockId="5.[113,648,1420,1700]" box="[113,243,1420,1446]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEB23FA45FE82C072" blockId="5.[113,648,1420,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
L’aspect des colonies rappelle celui d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BE964FA45FF1BC3F2" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE964FA45FF1BC3F2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Didemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, formant des voiles minces sur différents substrats, tels que
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BEA5BFA05FF6AC032" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="toafene">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEA5BFA05FECEC012" box="[265,372,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">D. toafene</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
ou encore
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BEA01F9E5FF15C052" authority="Monniot F., 1983" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1983" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perlucidum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEA01F9E5FE49C033" box="[339,499,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">D. perlucidum</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1983
</taxonomicName>
, qui ont des larves de même forme mais des spicules différents.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BEBDAF987FC89C370" blockId="5.[113,648,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[677,1211,1325,1383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
La présence de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BEA79F984FECFC094" box="[299,373,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ahu">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BEA79F984FECFC094" box="[299,373,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">D. ahu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
au
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1F5C0BEAC9F987FE6DC093" box="[411,471,1641,1668]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Brésil</collectingCountry>
est surprenante, très peu d’espèces sont communes à l’Atlantique et au Pacifique. Il est possible que cette espèce ait été importée.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="37663567EABFB911BC1171C0E3BB3D44">Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F3A2ABC31598FFF5B8275F73C09B6F0F">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A00C25FFCFD1E13310D7C70C5F7628C">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E3AE4803CF565644130436B0C78C6689">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B2C394F57FD309B78D761B46E8317869" type="email">monniot@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="1ED60151640554055E26C0CEB7E43E70">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F4A10C75CA1296FC2C9E01091D850F1D">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B1F5C09E871FA45FF59C31F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893653" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B1F5C09E871FA45FF59C31F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B1F5C09E871FA45FF59C31F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="806" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
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<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BE871FA45FB81C3D1" blockId="5.[803,1083,1451,1510]" box="[803,1083,1451,1478]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B1F5C0BE871FA45FB81C3D1" box="[803,1083,1451,1478]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BE871FA45FC43C3D1" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[803,1017,1451,1478]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacustre" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE871FA45FC43C3D1" bold="true" box="[803,1017,1451,1478]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Didemnum lacustre</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1F5C0BEF52FA45FB81C3D1" box="[1024,1083,1451,1478]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B1F5C09E807FA25FF59C31F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="806" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BE807FA25FBB3C3F1" blockId="5.[803,1083,1451,1510]" box="[853,1033,1483,1510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BE80EFA25FC27C3F1" box="[860,925,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[102,658,208,1228]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, D, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Figs 6</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BE8FDFA25FC07C3F1" box="[943,957,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[687,698,717,734]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,676]" captionTargetId="figure-68@6.[678,1208,214,676]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 7. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690025/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">7</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1F5C0BE89CFA25FBBBC3F1" box="[974,1025,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">73D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BE9F7F9E7FC17C078" blockId="5.[677,1211,1544,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B1F5C0BE9F7F9E7FCBBC008" box="[677,769,1545,1569]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE87EF9E6FCD3C037" bold="true" box="[812,873,1544,1568]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B1F5C0BE87EF9E6FCDFC037" box="[812,869,1544,1568]" name="Palau" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Mecherchar Island, Ongeim’I tketau (Jellyfish Lake), 07°09’83N,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B1F5C0BE8A2F9CDFBD0C02C" box="[1008,1130,1571,1595]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" precision="15" seconds="50" value="134.38055">134°22’50E</geoCoordinate>
, 1,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B1F5C0BE9F4F9D3FCA1C042" box="[678,795,1597,1621]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" value="2004-03-29">29.III.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, 2 colonies (MNHN A2 DID C 542).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1F5C0BE9F7F962FBEEC0B4" blockId="5.[677,1108,1675,1700]" box="[677,1108,1675,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1F5C0BE8F8F965FC55C0B4" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[938,1007,1675,1699]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="5" pageNumber="804" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacustre">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1F5C0BE8F8F965FC55C0B4" box="[938,1007,1675,1699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="804">lacustre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: d’un lac.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B1C5C08E9FDFD23FB0AC4C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690025" box="[687,1200,716,734]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" startId="6.[687,698,717,734]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,676]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08E9FDFD23FB0AC4C9" blockId="6.[687,1200,716,734]" box="[687,1200,716,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
FIG. 7. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1C5C08E9ADFD22FC1AC4CA" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[767,928,716,733]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacustre" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08E9ADFD22FC1AC4CA" box="[767,928,716,733]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Didemnum lacustre</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1C5C08E8F7FD23FC6DC4C9" box="[933,983,717,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B1C5C08EB23FB1DFF5DC325" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" startId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" targetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08EB23FB1DFF5DC325" blockId="6.[113,646,1267,1330]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
FIG. 6. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1C5C08EB9AFB1DFED5C313" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[200,367,1267,1284]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacustre" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08EB9AFB1DFED5C313" box="[200,367,1267,1284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Didemnum lacustre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1C5C08EA24FB1DFE12C313" box="[374,424,1267,1284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08EAE7FB1DFE78C313" bold="true" box="[437,450,1267,1284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08E946FB1DFD9BC313" bold="true" box="[532,545,1267,1284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">B</emphasis>
, abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08EB21FAE7FF3AC30D" bold="true" box="[115,128,1289,1306]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08EBDFFAE7FF21C30D" bold="true" box="[141,155,1289,1306]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">D</emphasis>
, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08EB23FA83FEB8C392" blockId="6.[111,649,1389,1700]" box="[113,258,1389,1415]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08EB23FA62FB08C59B" blockId="6.[111,649,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="6.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
En croûtes minces, les colonies s’installent sur différents supports: éponges, coquilles, etc. De couleur blanche ou rose pâle elles sont souples et de contour irrégulier.Vivantes, leurs ouvertures cloacales communes sont largement ouvertes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08E95FF9E4FDCDC032" box="[525,631,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="64.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-19@64.[122,1202,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIG. 73. — A, Atriolum crusta n. sp.; B, A. quadratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Didemnum ahu Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987; D, D. lacustre n. sp.; E, D. mekeald n. sp.; F, D. nivale n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893738/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 73D</figureCitation>
). Après fixation la surface apparaît ponctuée, ce dessin est dû à l’accumulation de spicules au niveau des ouvertures buccales dans une tunique translucide avec des spicules épars. La partie supérieure de la tunique est mince et limitée au niveau des siphons buccaux. Les zoïdes sont inclus dans des piliers de tunique bien séparés par de larges canaux cloacaux.La couche basale des colonies est pauvre en spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08E9E9FC7FFC8DC31F" blockId="6.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
Les siphons buccaux sont cylindriques avec 6 lobes triangulaires (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08E867FC5EFC33C5DC" box="[821,905,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[102,658,208,1228]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, D, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Le thorax mesure 0,6 mm, prolongé par un long pédoncule oesophago-rectal. Il y a 8 stigmates étroits dans le premier rang. Les languettes du raphé sont minces et particulièrement longues. L’ouverture du siphon cloacal est étroite (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08E9FCFBA1FCBCC27D" box="[686,774,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[102,658,208,1228]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, D, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
), en position postérieure au niveau du quatrième rang de stigmates, ourlée, ressemblant à certains siphons très courts de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1C5C08EF4EFB60FB08C2BF" authorityName="Della Valle" authorityYear="1881" box="[1052,1202,1166,1192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Trididemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1C5C08EF4EFB60FB08C2BF" box="[1052,1202,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Trididemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L’appendice fixateur est au moins aussi long que le thorax et ne se sépare de la taille que très postérieurement.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08E9E9FAE3FB1AC370" blockId="6.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
L’abdomen a la forme habituelle (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08EF60FAE3FB33C33F" box="[1074,1161,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[102,658,208,1228]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, D, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). La vésicule testiculaire unique est entourée de 5 tours du spermiducte. L’ovaire se loge contre le testicule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C08E9E9FA82FC89C032" blockId="6.[674,1212,786,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08E863FA82FC12C390" box="[817,936,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[116,646,216,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[102,658,208,1228]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp.: A, thorax; B, abdomen; C, D, larves d’une même colonie. Échelles: A, B, 0,3 mm; C, D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690029" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690029/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 6C, D</figureCitation>
) sont très petites avec un tronc de 0,3 mm et la queue en ¾ de tour. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont parallèles avec 4 vésicules épidermiques digitiformes de chaque côté. Il y a un début de différenciation de la branchie et du tube digestif.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B1C5C09E9E9F9C4FDA2C21C" blockId="6.[674,1212,786,1700]" lastBlockId="7.[112,649,944,1288]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="806" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">
Les spicules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B1C5C08E811F9C4FCC5C052" box="[835,895,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[687,698,717,734]" captionTargetBox="[678,1207,215,676]" captionTargetId="figure-68@6.[678,1208,214,676]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 7. — Didemnum lacustre n. sp., spicules. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690025/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="805">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) sont petits et peu abondants, excepté autour des ouvertures buccales. Leur taille varie: les plus grands en boules de
<quantity id="800BECF23B1C5C08E8A7F987FB8DC093" box="[1013,1079,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="805" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
de diamètre, hérissées de courtes pointes sont les moins nombreux. Les autres, de tailles variées, ont également des formes variées, toujours avec un centre sphérique hérissé d’épines plus ou moins longues.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B1D5C09E9FFFD64FB09C48C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690031" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690031" box="[685,1203,649,667]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690031/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" startId="7.[685,696,650,667]" targetBox="[678,1207,215,605]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09E9FFFD64FB09C48C" blockId="7.[685,1203,649,667]" box="[685,1203,649,667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
FIG. 9. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1D5C09E9AEFD67FC19C48D" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[764,931,649,666]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekeald" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09E9AEFD67FC19C48D" box="[764,931,649,666]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Didemnum mekeald</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1D5C09E8FAFD64FC60C48C" box="[936,986,650,667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: spicules. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EB23FCD2FEF6C574" blockId="7.[113,648,827,867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
FIG. 8. —
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<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EB9AFCD5FECEC55B" box="[200,372,827,844]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Didemnum mekeald</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B1D5C09EA28FCD2FE17C55A" box="[378,429,828,845]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
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, thorax;
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, abdomen;
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, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B1D5C09EBDAFBFEFF59C31F" blockId="7.[112,649,944,1288]" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">
Cette espèce se distingue facilement d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1D5C09EB26FBC1FF57C25E" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[116,237,1071,1097]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EB26FBC1FF57C25E" box="[116,237,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">Didemnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par la place du siphon cloacal étroit, très postérieur dans le thorax, les larves et la forme des spicules. Superficiellement une ressemblance existe avec
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1D5C09EBA7FB61FF77C2DE" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hiopaa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EBA7FB61FEDEC2BF" box="[245,356,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">D. hiopaa</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B1D5C09EBA3FB41FF13C2FE" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="806" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parau">
<emphasis id="75879D053B1D5C09EBA3FB41FEEBC2DF" box="[241,337,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="806">D. parau</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
qui ont aussi des colonies minces, blanches et souples.
</paragraph>
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122
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<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EBD4FA65FE22C3B1" bold="true" box="[134,408,1419,1446]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Symplegma brakenhielmi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B205C34EAF4FA62FDD3C3B0" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[422,617,1420,1447]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref36907" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1904. - Revision der kompositen Styeliden oder Polyzoinen. Mittelungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Hamburg 21: 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1904">Michaelsen, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34EA67FA45FE79C3D1" blockId="58.[134,625,1419,1478]" box="[309,451,1451,1478]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B205C34EA6FFA45FE01C3D1" box="[317,443,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Fig. 79A, B</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B205C34EB23FA04FDE9C014" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[113,595,1514,1539]" page="50" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B205C34EB23FA04FDE9C014" ID-CoL="359Q8" authority="Michaelsen, 1904: 50" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="50" authorityYear="1904" box="[113,595,1514,1539]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Diandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brakenhielmi">
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EB23FA04FECCC015" box="[113,374,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Diandrocarpa brakenhielmi</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EB23F9CEFED6C02F" box="[113,364,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Symplegma brakenhielmi</emphasis>
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– Monniot C. 1983: 429, fig. 3A-E. —
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, fig. 25F et synonymie.
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EA1DF99FFE30C09E" bold="true" box="[335,394,1649,1673]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EA1DF99FFE3DC09E" box="[335,391,1649,1673]" name="Palau" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
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Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34EA1AF965FE0AC0B4" box="[328,432,1675,1699]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="15.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="7.254">7°15.24’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34EAE5F965FD89C0B4" box="[439,563,1675,1699]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="20.64" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="134.344">134°20.64’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,25 m,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34E9F1FF39FCB6C6F8" box="[675,780,215,239]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2005-05-20">20.V.2005</date>
, nombreuses colonies, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN061 (MNHN S1 SYM 78). —
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B205C34EF2AFF1FFB0FC71E" box="[1144,1205,241,265]" country="Palau" name="Koror" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Koror</collectingRegion>
, Heliofungia Lake, marine lake, adjacent to Ongael Island, tunnel,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34E834FEC8FC5EC729" box="[870,996,294,318]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22.53" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="134.3755">134°22.53’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34EF68FEC8FB0EC729" box="[1082,1204,294,318]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2005-08-07">7.VIII.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, CRCHO612 (MNHN S1 SYM 78).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FE78FBFCC407" blockId="58.[675,1210,375,528]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
Les colonies encroûtent des substrats divers: débris coralliens, coquilles, tubes de polychètes. La répartition de cette espèce est mondiale. La couleur est variable: jaune ou rouge (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B205C34E8EBFE1BFB83C407" box="[953,1081,501,528]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Fig. 79A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EBEAFE1AFE26C418" bold="true" box="[184,412,500,527]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Eusynstyela latericius</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B205C34EB23FDC0FE46C451" authority="Sluiter, 1904: 94" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityPageNumber="94" authorityYear="1904" box="[113,508,558,582]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Gynandrocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latericius">
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EB23FDC0FEE2C451" box="[113,344,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Gynandrocarpa latericius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B205C34EA0EFDC0FE46C451" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[348,508,558,582]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref38116" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1904. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. Pt. I. Die socialen und holosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 A: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1904">Sluiter, 1904: 94</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 5 figs 8-11 (
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).
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B205C34EB23FD96FE88C487" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[113,306,632,656]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Eusynstyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latericius">
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EB23FD96FE88C487" box="[113,306,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Eusynstyela latericius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 315, fig. 127A et synonymie (ouest Pacifique).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34EB23FD2DFE56C549" blockId="58.[111,648,706,1021]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EA1FFD2CFE3EC4CD" box="[333,388,706,730]" name="Palau" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror-Babeldaob Channel,
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B205C34EA52FD33FE82C4E2" box="[256,312,733,757]" country="Palau" name="Koror" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Koror</collectingRegion>
side,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34EB22FD19FF69C518" box="[112,211,759,783]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="1998-04-02">2.IV.1998</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN5O84-L (MNHN S1 2564). — Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34EA69FCC2FE0EC553" box="[315,436,812,836]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2005-08-09">9.VIII.2005</date>
, coll L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN006 (MNHN S1 2564).
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.
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,N Luconia Reef,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34EBF0FC95FEACC584" box="[162,278,891,915]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2003-03-31">31.III.2003</date>
, coll.
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, 0M915560-C (
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S1
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43).
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EB23FC5EFE33C5DF" box="[113,393,944,968]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
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<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B205C34EAC1FC5EFD89C5DF" box="[403,563,944,968]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Manus" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Manus Province</collectingRegion>
, Ndrova Islands,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34EA73FC25FE20C5F4" box="[289,410,971,995]" degrees="147" direction="east" minutes="13.68" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="147.228">147°13.68’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34EAF3FC25FDABC5F4" box="[417,529,971,995]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2003-06-24">
24.
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.2003
</date>
, coll.
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,
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580 (
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S1
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B205C34EA2AFC0BFE1CC5EA" box="[376,422,997,1021]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">EUS</collectionCode>
40).
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<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34EB23FBDEFEB8C25F" blockId="58.[112,648,1072,1288]" box="[113,258,1072,1098]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34EB23FBA1FE2EC31F" blockId="58.[112,648,1072,1288]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Les colonies forment des croûtes minces, solides, de couleur brun rouge et les zoïdes sont marqués d’une tache de couleur blanche ou crème. Cette espèce est commune sur divers substrats, y compris en épibiontes sur d’autres ascidies. On la rencontre dans tout l’ouest Pacifique.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

137
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<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34E9ABFD7DFC7BC4BA" bold="true" box="[761,961,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Polycarpa captiosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B205C34E89DFD7DFBE7C4B9" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[975,1117,659,686]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" pagination="160 - 232" refId="ref37979" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1885. - Uber einige einfache Ascidien von der Insel Billiton. Natuurvetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Nerderlandsch Indie 45: 160 - 232." type="journal article" year="1885">Sluiter, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B205C34E824FD5DFC52C4D9" box="[886,1000,691,718]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E824FD5DFC52C4D9" blockId="58.[761,1125,659,718]" box="[886,1000,691,718]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B205C34E82CFD5DFC5AC4D9" box="[894,992,691,718]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Fig. 79C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B205C34E9F7FD02FC0FC594" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FD02FD5EC508" blockId="58.[677,1209,748,799]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B205C34E9F7FD02FD5EC508" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B205C34E9F7FD02FC52C513" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[677,1000,748,772]" page="202" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" year="1885">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B205C34E9F7FD02FC52C513" authority="Sluiter, 1885: 202" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityPageNumber="202" authorityYear="1885" box="[677,1000,748,772]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="captiosa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34E9F7FD02FC96C513" box="[677,812,748,772]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Styela captiosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B205C34E861FD02FC52C513" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[819,1000,748,772]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" pagination="160 - 232" refId="ref37979" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1885. - Uber einige einfache Ascidien von der Insel Billiton. Natuurvetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Nerderlandsch Indie 45: 160 - 232." type="journal article" year="1885">Sluiter, 1885: 202</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 9 figs 4-7 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EFD3FD02FD60C508" name="Indonesia" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FCD8FC0FC594" blockId="58.[677,1210,822,899]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B205C34E9F7FCD8FCEAC559" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[677,848,822,846]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="captiosa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34E9F7FCD8FCEAC559" box="[677,848,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Polycarpa captiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 1996: 249, fig. 53, pl. 9A et synonymie (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34E8AFFCBFFB8FC57E" box="[1021,1077,849,873]" name="Palau" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Palau</collectingCountry>
); 2001: 324, figs 92, 128C (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34E864FC85FC10C594" box="[822,938,875,899]" name="Philippines" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Philippines</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B205C34E9F7FC75FB9FC220" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FC75FB9FC220" blockId="58.[675,1212,922,1079]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34E8D6FC74FC66C5A5" bold="true" box="[900,988,922,946]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34E8D6FC74FC62C5A5" box="[900,984,922,946]" name="Malaysia" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Spratly Islands, Layang layang atoll (Swallow Reef),
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34E893FC5BFB90C5DA" box="[961,1066,949,973]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="22.19" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="7.3698335">7°22.19’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34EF64FC5BFB0EC5DA" box="[1078,1204,949,973]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="47.69" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="113.79483">113°47.69’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B205C34E9F4FC3EFD60C5FF" box="[678,730,976,1000]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34E9B1FC3EFCF7C5FF" box="[739,845,976,1000]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2006-10-15">15.X.2006</date>
, 0CDN9383-J,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B205C34E8BAFC3EFBE6C5FF" box="[1000,1116,976,1000]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="generic">2 spécimens</specimenCount>
(MNHN S1 POL B 535). —
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B205C34E831FC04FC0CC215" box="[867,950,1002,1026]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Luconia Reef,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34EF18FC04FB0EC215" box="[1098,1204,1002,1026]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="39.60" orientation="latitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="5.66">5°39.60’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B205C34E9F1FBEBFC9CC20A" box="[675,806,1029,1053]" degrees="112" direction="east" minutes="27.00" orientation="longitude" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" precision="9" value="112.45">112°27.00’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B205C34E860FBEBFC23C20A" box="[818,921,1029,1053]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" value="2003-04-02">2.IV.2003</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0M915581-Z,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B205C34E9F4FBF1FCA6C220" box="[678,796,1055,1079]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
(MNHN S1 POL B 534).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B205C35E9F7FB81FF17C51A" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="858" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FB81FC8FC290" blockId="58.[675,1212,1135,1700]" box="[677,821,1135,1161]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C34E9F7FB60FC32C011" blockId="58.[675,1212,1135,1700]" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">
Tous les individus sont de grande taille, de
<quantity id="800BECF23B205C34EFC4FB60FD49C2DE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="58" pageNumber="857" unit="cm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8 à 11 cm</quantity>
. La tunique dure et crevassée, porte des épibiontes. La couleur est brun rouge avec le bord des siphons rouge (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B205C34E82EFB03FC5EC31F" box="[892,996,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Fig. 79C</figureCitation>
). Le siphon buccal est terminal, le siphon cloacal à mi-longueur du thorax. Le manteau est brun clair dans le formol, il n’est pas transparent, le bord des siphons est rouge. Les tentacules buccaux sont nombreux. Le tubercule vibratile est triangulaire, très saillant et occupe la totalité du V formé par le bourrelet péripharyngien, son ouverture forme des circonvolutions complexes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B205C35E9E9F9E4FF79C4B9" blockId="58.[675,1212,1135,1700]" lastBlockId="59.[112,649,216,781]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="858" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Les 4 plis branchiaux de chaque côté sont élevés avec environ 25 sinus longitudinaux peu serrés. Il y a 6 à 7 sinus entre les plis, mais ils sont mal délimités de ceux qui appartiennent aux plis. Le raphé est une lame basse. Le tube digestif est très peu lié au manteau et n’occupe que la moitié postérieure de la face gauche du corps. L’estomac est mince et allongé, l’intestin étroit décrit une double boucle très prononcée. L’anus est finement festonné. Les endocarpes foliacés sont nombreux sur tout le manteau. Les polycarpes plus ou moins allongés sont répartis sans ordre précis sur une grande partie du manteau auquel ils sont très peu attachés. Les testicules d’un polycarpe forment un double rang contre le manteau, le spermiducte s’allonge sur la face interne de l’ovaire. Les 2 ouvertures génitales mâle et femelle sont apicales, proches mais non jointives. De nombreuses papilles fi liformes sont réparties sur toute la face interne du siphon cloacal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EBDAFD5DFF17C51A" blockId="59.[112,649,216,781]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35EBDAFD5DFEF3C4DA" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[136,329,691,717]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="captiosa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35EBDAFD5DFEF3C4DA" box="[136,329,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa captiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a une large répartition dans l’ouest Pacifique et est remarquable par sa grande taille.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

160
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B215C32E85AFB43FE08C2FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893987" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B215C32E85AFB43FE08C2FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B215C32E85AFB43FE08C2FE" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
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<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E85AFB43FBECC2DE" blockId="59.[776,1110,1197,1257]" box="[776,1110,1197,1225]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B215C35E85AFB43FBECC2DE" box="[776,1110,1197,1225]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35E85AFB43FBECC2DE" authority="Heller, 1878" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1878" box="[776,1110,1197,1225]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumida">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35E85AFB43FC72C2DF" bold="true" box="[776,968,1197,1224]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa tumida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B215C35E89DFB40FBECC2DE" author="HELLER C." box="[975,1110,1198,1225]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" pagination="241 - 275" refId="ref36230" refString="HELLER C. 1878. - Beitrage zur nahern Kenntnis der Tunicaten. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien 37 (1): 241 - 275." type="journal article" year="1878">Heller, 1878</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35E8D2FB20FC64C2FE" box="[896,990,1230,1257]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E8D2FB20FC64C2FE" blockId="59.[776,1110,1197,1257]" box="[896,990,1230,1257]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35E9F7FAEDFC12C03B" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FAEDFBDDC37E" blockId="59.[674,1210,1283,1385]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B215C35E9F7FAEDFBDDC37E" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35E9F7FAEDFBFFC30C" authority="Heller, 1878: 103" authorityName="Heller" authorityPageNumber="103" authorityYear="1878" box="[677,1093,1283,1307]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumida">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B215C35E9F7FAEDFC61C30C" author="HELLER C." box="[677,987,1283,1307]" page="103" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" year="1878">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35E9F7FAEDFC81C30C" box="[677,827,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa tumida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B215C35E86CFAEDFC61C30C" author="HELLER C." box="[830,987,1283,1307]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" pagination="241 - 275" refId="ref36230" refString="HELLER C. 1878. - Beitrage zur nahern Kenntnis der Tunicaten. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Wien 37 (1): 241 - 275." type="journal article" year="1878">Heller, 1878: 103</bibRefCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35E8B6FAEDFB84C30C" box="[996,1086,1283,1307]" name="Jamaica" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Jamaïque</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
.— Monniot C. 1972: 630 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35E87FFAF3FC2BC322" box="[813,913,1309,1333]" name="Bermuda" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Bermudes</collectingCountry>
); 1983: 446 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35EF46FAF3FB2AC322" box="[1044,1168,1309,1333]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F. 1987: 117 (Polynésie). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 335 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35EF70FABFFBE6C37E" box="[1058,1116,1361,1385]" name="Palau" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Palau</collectingCountry>
).
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B215C35E9F7FA90FD65C3A7" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
?
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35E9E0FA90FC61C381" authority="Kott, 1985: 176" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1985" box="[690,987,1406,1430]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nota">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35E9E0FA90FC83C381" box="[690,825,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa nota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B215C35E86DFA90FC61C381" author="KOTT P." box="[831,987,1406,1430]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref36407" refString="KOTT P. 1985. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985: 176</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B215C35E8BBFA90FBE0C381" author="KOTT P." box="[1001,1114,1406,1430]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" pagination="267 - 298" refId="ref36469" refString="KOTT P. 1990 b. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia, supplement. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 267 - 298." type="journal article" year="1990">1990b: 274</bibRefCitation>
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(
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).
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<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FA2BFC12C03B" blockId="59.[674,1210,1477,1580]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35E82AFA2BFC14C3CA" box="[888,942,1477,1501]" name="Palau" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Mecherchar Island, Ongeim’l Tketau (Jellyfi sh Lake),
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,
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, 1,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B215C35E9F1FA14FCA2C005" box="[675,792,1530,1554]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" value="2004-03-29">29.III.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, 0TM046 (MNHN S1 POL B 520).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C32E9F7F9A4FE08C2FE" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7F9A4FC8FC075" blockId="59.[677,1211,1610,1700]" box="[677,821,1610,1636]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7F987FB01C0B3" blockId="59.[677,1211,1610,1700]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
Un spécimen de
<quantity id="800BECF23B215C35E80CF987FC14C093" box="[862,942,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
était fixé sur une moule et partiellement recouvert d’épibiontes et d’une
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32EB23FF36FE84C5DC" blockId="60.[111,649,216,971]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
colonie de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B265C32EB8CFF36FE1AC6E5" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[222,416,216,242]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacustre" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EB8CFF36FE1AC6E5" box="[222,416,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Didemnum lacustre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B265C32EAF7FF36FE61C6E4" box="[421,475,216,243]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Les siphons sont saillants distants d’une demi-longueur du corps. La tunique est molle. Le manteau est fin, transparent, avec une ligne rouge au bord des siphons. Un large velum portant des papilles filiformes est présent aux 2 siphons. Les tentacules sont de 3 ordres. Le bourrelet péripharyngien est indenté en un V profond où se place un tubercule vibratile en bouton ouvert en C. La branchie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32EAA5FE3BFDE0C7E7" box="[503,602,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="60.[677,688,1108,1125]" captionTargetBox="[688,1200,220,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-19@60.[681,1205,214,1063]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIG. 69. — Polycarpa tumida Heller, 1878: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690187/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Fig. 69A</figureCitation>
) est mince avec 4 plis bas de chaque côté, séparés par 2 vaisseaux longitudinaux. Le nombre de stigmates par maille est variable, jusqu’à 9 selon les régions branchiales. La boucle du tube digestif est large, elle n’occupe que la partie postérieure de la face gauche du corps (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32EA62FD7DFE28C4B9" box="[304,402,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="60.[677,688,1108,1125]" captionTargetBox="[688,1200,220,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-19@60.[681,1205,214,1063]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIG. 69. — Polycarpa tumida Heller, 1878: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690187/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Fig. 69B</figureCitation>
). L’estomac court a des plis nets, avec un grand caecum en crochet visible sous les endocarpes du fond de la boucle intestinale. Les endocarpes foliacés sont nombreux sur tout le manteau (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32EB8CFCFCFEFAC53A" box="[222,320,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="60.[677,688,1108,1125]" captionTargetBox="[688,1200,220,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-19@60.[681,1205,214,1063]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIG. 69. — Polycarpa tumida Heller, 1878: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690187/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Fig. 69B</figureCitation>
). Les polycarpes ovales ont un ovaire central bordé de vésicules testiculaires de chaque côté. Ils sont disposés en 2 lignes antéropostérieures irrégulières dans la partie ventrale du manteau et sont plus groupés au dessus du tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32EB82FC5EFE88C5DC" box="[208,306,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="60.[677,688,1108,1125]" captionTargetBox="[688,1200,220,1044]" captionTargetId="figure-19@60.[681,1205,214,1063]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIG. 69. — Polycarpa tumida Heller, 1878: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690187/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Fig. 69B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32EB23FC1EFF49C21F" blockId="60.[112,648,1008,1257]" box="[113,243,1008,1034]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32EB23FBFEFE08C2FE" blockId="60.[112,648,1008,1257]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
Le nouveau spécimen récolté à
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a été comparé à ceux déjà décrits des Antilles, des
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32EABCFBC1FDE7C25D" box="[494,605,1071,1098]" name="Bermuda" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Bermudes</collectingCountry>
, du
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32EB20FBA1FF6AC27D" box="[114,208,1103,1130]" name="Mexico" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Mexique</collectingCountry>
, de Polynésie et de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32EADEFBA1FE7DC27D" box="[396,455,1103,1130]" name="Palau" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Palau</collectingCountry>
.Aucune différence significative n’a pu être décelée. L’habitus est le même ainsi que la coloration des siphons avec des bandes foncées. L’espèce
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B265C32EA24FB40FD3CC2DE" authority="Kott, 1985" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1985" box="[374,646,1198,1225]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nota">
<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EA24FB40FDB6C2DF" box="[374,524,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Polycarpa nota</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B265C32E943FB40FD3CC2DE" author="KOTT P." box="[529,646,1198,1225]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref36407" refString="KOTT P. 1985. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
est à notre sens un synonyme.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

162
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35E818FF39FBD9C705" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokiokai">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35E818FF39FBAEC6E5" bold="true" box="[842,1044,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa tokiokai</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
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<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E82AFEF9FC5CC725" blockId="59.[763,1123,215,306]" box="[888,998,279,306]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
(
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)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35E9F7FEBEFC9CC415" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FEBEFBC3C794" blockId="59.[675,1210,336,387]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35E9F7FEBEFB0CC77F" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 255" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="255" authorityYear="1996" box="[677,1206,336,360]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokiokai">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35E9F7FEBEFCF0C77F" box="[677,842,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa tokiokai</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 255
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 55, pl. 9G (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35E868FE85FCC8C794" box="[826,882,363,387]" name="Palau" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Palau</collectingCountry>
); 2001: 335 (
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FE75FC9CC415" blockId="59.[674,1210,410,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35E8D2FE74FC0DC7A5" box="[896,951,410,434]" name="Palau" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B215C35EF6EFE5BFB0CC7DA" box="[1084,1206,437,461]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" value="2005-08-09">9.VIII.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN006 (MNHN S1 POL B 517).
</paragraph>
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, Mabul,
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,
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,
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,
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, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1363-P (
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S1
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B 515). —
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, Mabul,
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, 118.37.55’E,
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,
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, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1119-Y (
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S1
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B 513). —
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, Kota Kinabalu, Edgel Bank,
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,
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,
<quantity id="800BECF23B215C35E8DBFD66FC00C4B7" box="[905,954,648,672]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B215C35E893FD66FB9FC4B7" box="[961,1061,648,672]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" value="2005-10-23">23.X.2005</date>
, coll.P.L. Colin, 0CDN9196-G (
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S1
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B 522). —
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, Sibuti,
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,
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,
<quantity id="800BECF23B215C35E8B8FD53FB8CC4C2" box="[1002,1078,701,725]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" unit="m" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7-12 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B215C35EF10FD53FB0FC4C2" box="[1090,1205,701,725]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" value="2003-03-17">17.III.2003</date>
, coll.
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B215C35E987FD36FCAEC4E7" box="[725,788,728,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">CRRF</collectionCode>
, 0M915477-N (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B215C35E8E7FD36FBB3C4E7" box="[949,1033,728,752]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">MNHN</collectionCode>
S1
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B215C35EF7CFD36FBE4C4E7" box="[1070,1118,728,752]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">POL</collectionCode>
B 507).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FCFDFC8FC53C" blockId="59.[674,1211,787,1130]" box="[677,821,787,813]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35E9F7FCDCFCBDC27D" blockId="59.[674,1211,787,1130]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
Les différents individus sont tous de couleur orangée (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B215C35E9F8FCBFFCBEC57B" box="[682,772,849,876]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Fig. 79E</figureCitation>
) avec des siphons marqués intérieurement de 8 lignes foncées. Ils sont agrégés sur une base commune. Une fois extrait de la tunique le corps est jaune avec des siphons rouges. Cette espèce a des polycarpes très peu liés au manteau et à la branchie par des brides tissulaires.Les polycarpes ont 2 rangs de vésicules testiculaires latérales sur un ovaire ovoïde. L’espèce a une large répartition dans l’océan Pacifique
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

176
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35EBE0FCBFFDFCC57B" authority="(Sluiter, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[178,582,849,876]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35EBE0FCBFFE18C57B" bold="true" box="[178,418,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa cryptocarpa</emphasis>
(
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)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35EA10FC9FFE0CC59B" box="[322,438,881,908]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EA10FC9FFE0CC59B" blockId="59.[178,582,849,908]" box="[322,438,881,908]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
(
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)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35EB23FC49FF5FC236" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EB23FC49FD3BC5A8" blockId="59.[113,641,935,959]" box="[113,641,935,959]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B215C35EB23FC49FD3BC5A8" box="[113,641,935,959]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B215C35EB23FC49FDC7C5A8" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[113,637,935,959]" page="210" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" year="1885">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35EB23FC49FDC7C5A8" authority="Sluiter, 1885: 210 (Billiton Islands)" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1885" box="[113,637,935,959]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35EB23FC49FEA3C5A8" box="[113,281,935,959]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Styela cryptocarpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B215C35EA4DFC49FE75C5A8" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[287,463,935,959]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" pagination="160 - 232" refId="ref37979" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1885. - Uber einige einfache Ascidien von der Insel Billiton. Natuurvetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Nerderlandsch Indie 45: 160 - 232." type="journal article" year="1885">Sluiter, 1885: 210</bibRefCitation>
(Billiton Islands)
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.
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<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EB23FC3AFF5FC236" blockId="59.[112,647,980,1057]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B215C35EB23FC3AFE8DC5FB" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[113,311,980,1004]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cryptocarpa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35EB23FC3AFE8DC5FB" box="[113,311,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Polycarpa cryptocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 324, figs 93, 128D (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35EA64FC01FE28C210" box="[310,402,1007,1031]" name="Maldives" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Maldives</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35EAC9FC01FE63C210" box="[411,473,1007,1031]" name="Tonga" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Tonga</collectingCountry>
); 2003: 701 (Îles Marquises).
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</subSubSection>
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B215C35EA1FFBD8FE3EC259" box="[333,388,1078,1102]" name="Palau" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
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,
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, 0,25 m,
<date id="334D67D73B215C35E940FBBEFD38C27F" box="[530,642,1104,1128]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" value="2004-04-16">16.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN001 (MNHN S1 POL B 506).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EB23FB4EFECCC2FB" blockId="59.[111,648,1078,1446]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
<emphasis id="75879D053B215C35EB23FB4EFF77C2AF" bold="true" box="[113,205,1184,1208]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
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.
</emphasis>
Efate, Mele Bay,
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,
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,
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,
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, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN7521-K (
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B 454).
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.
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, Johnston Islands, Lambucho Island,
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23.
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, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN8881-N (
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, Sipadan,
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,
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,
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, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1263-H (
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S1
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B 514).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B215C35EB23FA22FE70C0B3" pageId="59" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EB23FA22FEB8C3F3" blockId="59.[113,648,1484,1700]" box="[113,258,1484,1510]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B215C35EB23FA05FE70C0B3" blockId="59.[113,648,1484,1700]" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">
L’épaisse tunique de cette espèce héberge de nombreux épibiontes grâce à sa surface rugueuse (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B215C35EB29F9C4FF5BC052" box="[123,225,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="858">Fig. 79D</figureCitation>
). Le manteau est intérieurement tapissé de nombreux endocarpes et les polycarpes sont inclus dans l’épaisseur du manteau. L’espèce a une large répartition indo-pacifique.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

111
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B235C37E982FB43FB34C2DE" authority="Michaelsen, 1904" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[720,1166,1197,1225]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Eusynstyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hartmeyeri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37E982FB43FC7DC2DF" bold="true" box="[720,967,1197,1224]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Eusynstyela hartmeyeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B235C37E89CFB40FB34C2DE" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[974,1166,1198,1225]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref36907" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1904. - Revision der kompositen Styeliden oder Polyzoinen. Mittelungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Hamburg 21: 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1904">Michaelsen, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B235C37E9F7FB09FBC5C2E8" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[677,1151,1255,1279]" page="38" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B235C37E9F7FB09FBC5C2E8" authority="Michaelsen, 1904: 38" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1904" box="[677,1151,1255,1279]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Eusynstyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hartmeyeri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37E9F7FB09FC31C2E8" box="[677,907,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Eusynstyela hartmeyeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B235C37E8C7FB09FBC5C2E8" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[917,1151,1255,1279]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref36907" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1904. - Revision der kompositen Styeliden oder Polyzoinen. Mittelungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum Hamburg 21: 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1904">Michaelsen, 1904: 38</bibRefCitation>
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(mer Rouge). — Monniot C. 1997b: 1639, fig. 8, (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B235C37EF08FAEFFB13C30E" box="[1114,1193,1281,1305]" name="Bahrain" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Bahreïn</collectingCountry>
); 2002: 74 (
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) et synonymie. — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 314 (
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).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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.
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Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
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,
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, 0,25 m,
<date id="334D67D73B235C37E9F1FA75FCB5C3A4" box="[675,783,1435,1459]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" value="2005-05-20">20.V.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN059 (MNHN S1 2565).
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<paragraph id="474C41173B235C34E9F7F9E4FF5CC7A6" blockId="57.[675,1213,1515,1700]" lastBlockId="58.[112,647,216,433]" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="857" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">
Les colonies forment de larges plaques rouges de zoïdes accolés de
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dont les siphons sont plus foncés. De chaque côté du corps les gonades sont alignées en un rang, elles sont composées chacune de 2 lobes testiculaires allongés sur l’ovaire. Le tube digestif forme une boucle longue. La pigmentation de cette espèce est caractéristique. L’hypothèse d’une origine de l’espèce dans l’océan
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EB22FED9FF02C745" box="[112,184,311,338]" name="India" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Indien</collectingCountry>
émise par Monniot C. (2002) ne se justifie peut-être pas puisque
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<emphasis id="75879D053B205C34EA32FEB9FE54C767" box="[352,494,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">E. hartmeyeri</emphasis>
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est également présente à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EBB8FE98FECEC786" box="[234,372,374,401]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
, en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B205C34EAF4FE98FD3FC786" box="[422,645,374,401]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="58" pageNumber="857">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
et à
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.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EB9BFA24FE25C3F2" bold="true" box="[201,415,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Amphicarpa agnata</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EB23F9E6FEB6C037" box="[113,268,1544,1568]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Stolonica agnata</emphasis>
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, fig. 110 (est et ouest
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<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EB23F9B8FE9EC079" box="[113,292,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Amphicarpa agnata</emphasis>
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– Monniot C. 1988: fig. 8 (Nouvelle- Calédonie). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 1996: 241, fig. 49A (
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).
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
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, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN003 (MNHN S1 AMP 27). — Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
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, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN001 (MNHN S1 AMP 27).
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.
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, Kapalai Island,
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,
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,
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, coll.N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1266-K (
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26).
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, Tulamben,
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(
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S1
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22).
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.
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Espiritu Santo, Aore Island,
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,
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,
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, coll.
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,
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454 (
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S1
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29).
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<paragraph id="474C41173B235C37E9F7FD7AFC8FC4BB" blockId="57.[674,1211,660,1067]" box="[677,821,660,686]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B235C37E9F7FD5DFB90C23C" blockId="57.[674,1211,660,1067]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">
Les colonies se composent d’individus en boules de quelques millimètres reliées par des stolons filiformes plus ou moins longs.La tunique porte des épibiontes qui contribuent à rendre l’espèce très discrète.
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EFF1FCFDFD75C55B" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">In vivo</emphasis>
les siphons portent des bandes claires internes. La tunique brun clair devient foncée en formol. Le manteau fixé est foncé.La branchie a 4 plis de chaque côté mais le deuxième pli à gauche est réduit à un sinus. À droite on trouve 1 gros pli, 2 moyens et 1 petit. Chez les individus les plus petits on observe une plus grande réduction des plis branchiaux. Cette espèce a une large répartition.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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108
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30E81CFEF9FBD9C745" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="styeliformis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E81CFEF9FBAAC725" bold="true" box="[846,1040,279,306]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Pyura styeliformis</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
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(
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)
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30E9F7FE7EFB0CC7BF" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: 345" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="345" authorityYear="2001" box="[677,1206,399,424]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="styeliformis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E9F7FE7EFCFEC7B0" box="[677,836,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Pyura styeliformis</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: 345
</taxonomicName>
, figs 107, 108B, 130C (
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).
</paragraph>
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B245C30E82AFE34FC14C7E5" box="[888,942,474,498]" name="Palau" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island,Mekeald Lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30EF6EFE1AFB08C41B" box="[1084,1202,500,524]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2004-04-26">26.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN094 (MNHN S2 PYU 411). — Ngeruktabel Island, Ngeruktabel Lake,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B245C30E846FDAAFC34C44B" box="[788,910,580,604]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="25.92" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" precision="9" value="134.432">134°25.92’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30E884FDAAFB82C44B" box="[982,1080,580,604]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2004-04-06">6.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, NLN032 (MNHN S2 PYU 410).
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7FD7AFC8FC4BB" blockId="62.[674,1212,660,1003]" box="[677,821,660,686]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7FD5DFB35C5FC" blockId="62.[674,1212,660,1003]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
Le plus grand des spécimens mesure 28 ×
<quantity id="800BECF23B245C30EF38FD5DFB03C4D9" box="[1130,1209,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B245C30E9FEFD3DFCBDC4F9" box="[684,775,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="71.[113,124,1084,1101]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-15@71.[124,1198,214,1040]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIG. 80. — A, Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954; B, Pyura styeliformis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001; C, Molgula ficus (MacDonald, 1859)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690205/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Fig. 80B</figureCitation>
).Les siphons s’enfoncent dans une tunique à protubérances très marquées. Ils ont de longs spinules denses. La tunique porte des épibiontes variés. La couleur interne des siphons est rouge. L’anatomie interne est identique à celle du
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. La branchie a 7 plis hauts de chaque côté. Les gonades allongées ont une forme de chapelet. L’espèce est retrouvée à nouveau à très faible profondeur dans des lacs marins. On ne la connaît pas ailleurs.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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145
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(
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;
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)
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30EB23FE7EFE64C7BF" authority="Tokioka, 1954: 263" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityPageNumber="263" authorityYear="1954" box="[113,478,400,424]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30EB23FE7EFE98C7B0" box="[113,290,400,423]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Microcosmus curvus</emphasis>
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, pl. 37 figs 2-9. —
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(
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B245C30EA22FE44FE1BC7D5" box="[368,417,426,450]" name="India" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Inde</collectingCountry>
). —
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, figs 33-35; 2003: 1649, sauf synonymie.— Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2003: 729, figs 37, 38 (Îles Marquises).
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30EB23FDE1FEE0C431" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1878" box="[113,346,527,550]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30EB23FDE1FEE0C431" box="[113,346,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Microcosmus exasperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F. 1987: 125 (part), fig. 50C-E (Polynésie).
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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Ngermeuangel Island, Flatworm Lake,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B245C30EAF3FD9DFD9DC49C" box="[417,551,627,651]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" precision="9" value="134.50667">134°30.40’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,25 m,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30EB23FD60FF5CC4B1" box="[113,230,654,678]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2005-06-13">13.VI.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, FLK032,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B245C30EB21FD46FF56C4D7" box="[115,236,680,704]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="generic">3 spécimens</specimenCount>
(MNHN S2 MIC 183). — Mecherchar Island, Ongeim’l Tketau (Jellyfish Lake),
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B245C30EB21FD33FF4CC4E2" box="[115,246,733,757]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22.50" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" precision="9" value="134.375">134°22.50’E</geoCoordinate>
, 1,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30EA1DFD33FE6BC4E2" box="[335,465,733,757]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2004-07-10">10.VII.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, OTM046bis,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B245C30EAC2FD19FDB8C518" box="[400,514,759,783]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="generic">1 spécimen</specimenCount>
(MNHN S2 MIC 184).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B245C30EB23FCBCFDFFC0B3" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EB23FCBCFEB8C57D" blockId="62.[111,649,850,1700]" box="[113,258,850,876]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EB23FC9FFE38C2BE" blockId="62.[111,649,850,1700]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
Le plus grand spécimen mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B245C30EA92FC9FFDB7C59B" box="[448,525,881,908]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B245C30E948FC9FFDC1C59B" box="[538,635,881,908]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="71.[113,124,1084,1101]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-15@71.[124,1198,214,1040]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIG. 80. — A, Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954; B, Pyura styeliformis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001; C, Molgula ficus (MacDonald, 1859)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690205/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Fig. 80A</figureCitation>
). La tunique est rouge. Les siphons très saillants portent des bandes rouges et blanches internes. Il existe une crête de tunique dorsale entre les siphons bien espacés et mamelonnés. Les spinules des siphons sont foliacés avec une longue épine terminale et des denticules latéraux (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B245C30E954FBC1FDE2C25D" box="[518,600,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="63.[113,124,580,597]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,539]" captionTargetId="figure-15@63.[115,645,214,539]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIG. 71. — Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954, spinules des siphons. Échelle: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690193" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690193/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
). La musculature du manteau est constituée de fibres régulièrement entrecroisées sur tout le corps. Le manteau n’est pas coloré.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EBDAFB40FE6EC3D1" blockId="62.[111,649,850,1700]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Il y a un grand vélum buccal. Les tentacules sont ramifiés en un rang. L’aire pérituberculaire porte de fines papilles; le tubercule vibratile a une forme de U ouvert vers l’avant. On compte 6 plis branchiaux à gauche et 7 à droite qui ne convergent pas à l’entrée de l’oesophage.La glande hépatique de couleur orange est en 2 parties: l’une avec des côtes longitudinales et l’autre avec des extrusions en boutons. Il n’y a pas d’endocarpes sur le manteau.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EBDAFA25FF53C093" blockId="62.[111,649,850,1700]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
La gonade de chaque côté est massive avec des canaux courts dirigés antérieurement. Ce caractère distingue
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30EBB3F9E5FEEAC033" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[225,336,1547,1572]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30EBB3F9E5FEEAC033" box="[225,336,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">M. curvus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30EA2FF9E5FDA7C033" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1878" box="[381,541,1547,1572]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exasperatus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30EA2FF9E5FDA7C033" box="[381,541,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">M. exasperatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
très proche, dont les canaux génitaux sont dirigés vers le siphon cloacal et dont les épines siphonales sont différentes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EBDAF967FDFFC0B3" blockId="62.[111,649,850,1700]" box="[136,581,1673,1700]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">L’espèce a une répartition indo-pacifique.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

149
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<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E856FBC1FBE0C25D" blockId="62.[772,1114,1071,1098]" box="[772,1114,1071,1098]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B245C30E856FBC1FBE0C25D" box="[772,1114,1071,1098]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30E856FBC1FBE0C25D" authority="(Stimpson, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[772,1114,1071,1098]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E856FBC1FC2EC25E" bold="true" box="[772,916,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Pyura vittata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B245C30E8F1FBC1FBE8C25D" author="STIMPSON W." box="[931,1106,1071,1098]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" pagination="228 - 232" refId="ref38178" refString="STIMPSON W. 1852. - Several new ascidians from the coast of the United States. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 4: 228 - 232." type="journal article" year="1852">Stimpson, 1852</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B245C30E9F7FB86FB24C38E" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7FB86FBAAC297" blockId="62.[677,1040,1128,1152]" box="[677,1040,1128,1152]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B245C30E9F7FB86FBAAC297" box="[677,1040,1128,1152]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B245C30E9F7FB86FBB6C297" author="STIMPSON W." box="[677,1036,1128,1152]" page="230" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" year="1852">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30E9F7FB86FBB6C297" authority="Stimpson, 1852: 230" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1852" box="[677,1036,1128,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cynthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E9F7FB86FC8EC297" box="[677,820,1128,1152]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Cynthia vittata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B245C30E868FB86FBB6C297" author="STIMPSON W." box="[826,1036,1128,1152]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" pagination="228 - 232" refId="ref38178" refString="STIMPSON W. 1852. - Several new ascidians from the coast of the United States. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 4: 228 - 232." type="journal article" year="1852">Stimpson, 1852: 230</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7FB77FC96C2F2" blockId="62.[677,1209,1176,1253]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B245C30E9F7FB77FC96C2F2" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30E9F7FB77FC9BC2B8" baseAuthorityName="Stimpson" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[677,801,1176,1200]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Pyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E9F7FB77FC9BC2B8" box="[677,801,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Pyura vittata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– Monniot C. 1989: 489, fig. 7 et synonymie (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B245C30E9BCFB5CFC02C2DD" box="[750,952,1202,1226]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B245C30E8B5FB5CFB03C2DD" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[999,1209,1202,1226]" page="129" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" year="1991">
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</treatmentCitation>
et répartition.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7FB13FB24C38E" blockId="62.[674,1212,1276,1517]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B245C30E8D0FB12FC07C303" bold="true" box="[898,957,1276,1300]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B245C30E8D0FB12FC00C303" box="[898,954,1276,1300]" name="Palau" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B245C30E8A1FAF9FBCAC338" box="[1011,1136,1303,1327]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="20.64" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" precision="9" value="134.344">134°20.64’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30E9F1FADFFCB4C35E" box="[675,782,1329,1353]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2005-05-18">18.V.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN037,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B245C30E9F4FAA2FCABC373" box="[678,785,1356,1380]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="generic">1 spécimen</specimenCount>
(MNHN S2 PYU 417). — Malakal Harbor, NECO Marine,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B245C30E8F4FA88FBA7C369" box="[934,1053,1382,1406]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="27.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" precision="9" value="134.45667">134°27.40’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B245C30EF77FA88FBF0C369" box="[1061,1098,1382,1406]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30EF00FA88FB0EC369" box="[1106,1204,1382,1406]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="1995-09-08">8.IX.1995</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0CDN3348-X (MNHN S2 PYU 386).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B245C30E9F7FA73FC04C3A2" box="[677,958,1437,1461]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B245C30E9F4FA57FCB0C3C6" box="[678,778,1465,1489]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" value="2002-01-22">22.I.2002</date>
, 3 m, coll.
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B245C30E82EFA57FC01C3C6" box="[892,955,1465,1489]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">CRRF</collectionCode>
, 0CDN8519-
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B245C30EF1AFA57FBE2C3C6" box="[1096,1112,1465,1489]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">T</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B245C30EF35FA57FB01C3C6" box="[1127,1211,1465,1489]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">MNHN</collectionCode>
S2
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B245C30E996FA3BFD49C3FA" box="[708,755,1493,1517]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14817" name="Yunnan University" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" type="Herbarium">PYU</collectionCode>
326).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30E9F7F9C4FD45C0B3" blockId="62.[677,1210,1547,1700]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">Les siphons de cette espèce sont rouge vif avec de grosses épines externes et internes caractéristiques. L’espèce est commune dans tout l’océan Pacifique tropical.</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B255C31EB23FDAAFEFBC47C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690193" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690193" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690193/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" startId="63.[113,124,580,597]" targetBox="[115,644,215,539]" targetPageId="63">
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EB23FDAAFEFBC47C" blockId="63.[113,646,579,619]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
FIG. 71. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B255C31EB86FDADFDB4C442" authority="Tokioka, 1954" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[212,526,579,597]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" genus="Microcosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EB86FDADFE33C443" box="[212,393,579,596]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Microcosmus curvus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B255C31EAC3FDAAFDB4C442" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[401,526,580,597]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, spinules des siphons. Échelle: 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EBD8FD5DFDD4C4D9" blockId="63.[138,622,691,750]" box="[138,622,691,718]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
Famille
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B255C31EBB2FD5AFDD4C4D9" authority="Lacaze-Duthiers, 1877" authorityName="Lacaze-Duthiers" authorityYear="1877" box="[224,622,691,718]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">MOLGULIDAE Lacaze-Duthiers, 1877</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

160
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<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EB91FCFCFEE9C53B" bold="true" box="[195,339,786,813]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Molgula ficus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B255C31EA30FCFCFD96C53A" author="MACDONALD J. D." box="[354,556,786,813]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" refId="ref36870" refString="MACDONALD J. D. 1859. - On the anatomical characters" type="book" year="1859">MacDonald, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EA7FFCDCFE70C55A" blockId="63.[195,564,786,845]" box="[301,458,818,845]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B255C31EAC0FCDCFE78C55A" box="[402,450,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="71.[113,124,1084,1101]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-15@71.[124,1198,214,1040]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIG. 80. — A, Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954; B, Pyura styeliformis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001; C, Molgula ficus (MacDonald, 1859)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690205/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">80C</figureCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B255C31EB23FC84FE6CC595" ID-CoL="PB2G" authority="MacDonald, 1859: 368" authorityName="MacDonald" authorityPageNumber="368" authorityYear="1859" box="[113,470,874,898]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Caesira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ficus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EB23FC84FF5CC595" box="[113,230,874,898]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Caesira ficus</emphasis>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B255C31EB23FC76FF43C5DC" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EB23FC76FF54C5A6" box="[113,238,920,945]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Molgula ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B255C31EA54FC77FE03C5A6" author="LAMBERT G." box="[262,441,921,945]" page="95" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B255C31EA54FC77FE03C5A6" author="LAMBERT G." box="[262,441,921,945]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" pagination="95 - 102" refId="ref36845" refString="LAMBERT G. 2007. - Th e nonindigenous ascidian Molgula ficus in California. Cahiers de Biologie marine 48: 95 - 102." type="journal article" year="2007">Lambert 2007: 95</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1, 2, synonymie et répartition.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31E9F7FC42FBD2C5C3" blockId="63.[675,1210,939,980]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
FIG. 72.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B255C31E9A4FC45FC4CC5AA" authority="(MacDonald, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="MacDonald" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[758,1014,939,957]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ficus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31E9A4FC45FCE4C5AB" box="[758,862,939,956]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Molgula ficus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B255C31E834FC42FC48C5AA" author="MACDONALD J. D." box="[870,1010,940,957]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" refId="ref36870" refString="MACDONALD J. D. 1859. - On the anatomical characters" type="book" year="1859">MacDonald,1859</bibRefCitation>
)
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:
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EF52FC45FBB6C5AB" bold="true" box="[1024,1036,939,956]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">A</emphasis>
, corps d’un spécimen jeune à une seule gonade;
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31E8D7FC2CFC28C5C4" bold="true" box="[901,914,962,979]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">B</emphasis>
, branchie. Échelle: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B255C31EB23FC0CFDFFC28E" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EB23FC0CFDFFC28E" blockId="63.[112,649,994,1177]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B255C31EA03FC0CFE0CC5ED" bold="true" box="[337,438,994,1018]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B255C31EA03FC0CFE09C5ED" box="[337,435,994,1018]" name="Indonesia" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
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, Maratua Island, Danau Tanah Bamban, marine lake,
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B255C31EA2CFBF9FE5CC238" box="[382,486,1047,1071]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" value="2003-10-26">26.X.2003</date>
, 0,5 m, coll. L. J. Bell, TBM004 (MNHN S3 MOL A 354). — Berau, E
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B255C31EAF8FB88FDA8C269" box="[426,530,1126,1150]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" value="2003-10-23">23.X.2003</date>
, 0,5 m, coll. L. J. Bell, HBM011 (MNHN S3 MOL A 353).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B255C31EB23FB20FB08C2DE" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EB23FB20FEB8C2F1" blockId="63.[111,648,1230,1700]" box="[113,258,1230,1256]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31EB23FB03FB08C2DE" blockId="63.[111,648,1230,1700]" lastBlockId="63.[675,1211,1040,1225]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
Les individus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B255C31EA4AFB03FEC4C31F" box="[280,382,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="71.[113,124,1084,1101]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-15@71.[124,1198,214,1040]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIG. 80. — A, Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954; B, Pyura styeliformis Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001; C, Molgula ficus (MacDonald, 1859)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690205/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Fig. 80C</figureCitation>
) sont sphériques de
<quantity id="800BECF23B255C31E938FB03FF67C33F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30 à 40 mm</quantity>
de diamètre, agrégés. La tunique est rugueuse, blanchâtre hérissée de petites papilles et des protubérances entourent les siphons. La consistance est celle du papier. Le manteau est fin, semi-transparent. La musculature est limitée aux siphons et à des fibres radiaires qui s’étendent des siphons au tiers de la longueur du corps (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B255C31E949FA25FDC6C3F1" box="[539,636,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="63.[677,687,940,957]" captionTargetBox="[686,1203,220,897]" captionTargetId="figure-34@63.[678,1207,214,909]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIG. 72.— Molgula ficus (MacDonald,1859): A, corps d’un spécimen jeune à une seule gonade; B, branchie. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690195/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Fig. 72A</figureCitation>
). La marge des siphons porte des expansions filiformes de 3 ordres de longueur. Les tentacules buccaux sont longs et ramifiés.Il y a un velum buccal. Le bourrelet péricoronal en V profond, enserre un tubercule vibratile ouvert en un S transverse. La branchie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B255C31EB29F967FF60C0B3" box="[123,218,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="63.[677,687,940,957]" captionTargetBox="[686,1203,220,897]" captionTargetId="figure-34@63.[678,1207,214,909]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIG. 72.— Molgula ficus (MacDonald,1859): A, corps d’un spécimen jeune à une seule gonade; B, branchie. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690195/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Fig. 72B</figureCitation>
) a 7 plis de chaque côté constitués de 5 à 6 sinus, il n’y a pas de sinus entre les plis. Le tube digestif forme une double boucle fermée. L’anus est lisse. Le foie est en 2 parties. Généralement il y a une gonade de chaque côté, mais parfois l’une d’elles manque (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B255C31E818FB60FC12C2BE" box="[842,936,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="63.[677,687,940,957]" captionTargetBox="[686,1203,220,897]" captionTargetId="figure-34@63.[678,1207,214,909]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIG. 72.— Molgula ficus (MacDonald,1859): A, corps d’un spécimen jeune à une seule gonade; B, branchie. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690195/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Fig. 72B</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire est large et court, entouré du testicule sur son extrémité proximale.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B255C31E9F7FB00FB39C390" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31E9F7FB00FC9DC311" blockId="63.[675,1210,1262,1415]" box="[677,807,1262,1288]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B255C31E9F7FAE3FB39C390" blockId="63.[675,1210,1262,1415]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">
Cette espèce est largement répartie dans tout l’ouest Pacifique et à l’est le long des côtes du
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B255C31EF19FAC3FB3CC35F" box="[1099,1158,1325,1352]" name="Chile" pageId="63" pageNumber="862">Chili</collectingCountry>
. Elle a été récemment trouvée en Californie où elle est considérée comme invasive (
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B255C31E887FA82FBCCC390" author="LAMBERT G." box="[981,1142,1388,1415]" pageId="63" pageNumber="862" pagination="95 - 102" refId="ref36845" refString="LAMBERT G. 2007. - Th e nonindigenous ascidian Molgula ficus in California. Cahiers de Biologie marine 48: 95 - 102." type="journal article" year="2007">Lambert 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

177
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B265C32EBB5FA85FDAAC390" authority="Kott, 1995" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1995" box="[231,528,1387,1415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complexa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EBB5FA85FE28C391" bold="true" box="[231,402,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Styela complexa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B265C32EACBFA82FDAAC390" author="KOTT P." box="[409,528,1388,1415]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" pagination="469 - 474" refId="ref36534" refString="KOTT P. 1995. - A new colonial Styela (Ascidiacea: Styelidae) from an isolated marine habitat, Kakaban Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 43 (2): 469 - 474." type="journal article" year="1995">Kott, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32EAC4FA62FE78C3B0" box="[406,450,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="70.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[124,1198,215,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[124,1198,214,1473]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIG. 79. — A, B, Symplegma brakenhielmi (Michaelsen, 1904); C, Polycarpa captiosa (Sluiter, 1885); D, P. cryptocarpa (Sluiter, 1885); E, P. tokiokai Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; F, Styela complexa Kott, 1995." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690201/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">79F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B265C32EB23FA2FFF1DC043" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EB23FA2FFEBEC3CE" box="[113,260,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Styela complexa</emphasis>
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, figs 1, 2 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32E95DFA2FFDCEC3CE" box="[527,628,1473,1497]" name="Indonesia" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32EB23FA03FF1DC043" blockId="60.[112,649,1473,1699]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EA03FA02FE0CC013" bold="true" box="[337,438,1516,1540]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32EA03FA02FE09C013" box="[337,435,1516,1540]" name="Indonesia" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B265C32E942FA02FD39C013" box="[528,643,1516,1540]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Kakaban marine lake,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B265C32EAEBF9E9FDFAC008" box="[441,576,1543,1567]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30.600" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" precision="1" value="118.51">118°30.600’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B265C32EB22F9CFFF59C02E" box="[112,227,1569,1593]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" value="2003-09-21">21.IX.2003</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, DKK004 (MNHN S1 STY 303).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B265C30EB23F9B8FD86C6E4" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="861" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32EB23F9B8FDB0C0B4" blockId="60.[112,649,1473,1699]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
<emphasis id="75879D053B265C32EB23F9B8FF0AC079" bold="true" box="[113,176,1622,1646]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B265C32EB23F9B8FF16C079" box="[113,172,1622,1646]" name="Palau" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngermeuangel Island, Goby lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B265C32E944F9B8FD38C079" box="[534,642,1622,1646]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="18.76" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" precision="9" value="7.312667">7°18.76’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B265C32EB21F99FFF4BC09E" box="[115,241,1649,1673]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22.50" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" precision="9" value="134.375">134°22.50’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B265C32EA10F99FFE10C09E" box="[322,426,1649,1673]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" value="2004-05-25">
25.
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B265C32EA0CF99FFECBC09E" box="[350,369,1649,1673]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.2004
</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, GLK034 (
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S1
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306).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B265C32E9F7FB20FB02C0B3" blockId="60.[675,1211,1198,1700]" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">
Les spécimens sont agrégés et fixés sur des racines de mangrove (
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). Le corps est jaune orangé avec les siphons un peu plus foncés. La couleur persiste un peu en formol. Les plus grands spécimens ont un corps allongé de
<quantity id="800BECF23B265C32E8DFFAA2FC5AC370" box="[909,992,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="60" pageNumber="859" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
de long et
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de diamètre. Les siphons sont saillants, proches, en position apicale. Les organes sont visibles par transparence à travers le manteau fin. De fines papilles couvrent la tunique reflexe des siphons. Seize tentacules buccaux alternent avec 16 plus petits. Le tubercule vibratile en bouton saillant s’ouvre en un simple trou. Le raphé s’étend en lame basse jusqu’à l’extrémité postérieure de la branchie. La branchie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B265C32E8F6F987FBBFC093" box="[932,1029,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="61.[145,156,975,992]" captionTargetBox="[122,1182,215,915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@61.[113,1209,214,930]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIG. 70. — Styela complexa Kott, 1995: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690189/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="859">Fig. 70A</figureCitation>
) a 4 plis espacés, généralement 4 sinus longitudinaux entre les plis
</paragraph>
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FIG. 70. —
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<emphasis id="75879D053B275C33EBB9FC20FECEC5C8" box="[235,372,974,991]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">Styela complexa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B275C33EA2BFC21FE6AC5F7" author="KOTT P." box="[377,464,975,992]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860" pagination="469 - 474" refId="ref36534" refString="KOTT P. 1995. - A new colonial Styela (Ascidiacea: Styelidae) from an isolated marine habitat, Kakaban Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 43 (2): 469 - 474." type="journal article" year="1995">Kott, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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:
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, branchie;
<emphasis id="75879D053B275C33E91BFC20FDECC5C8" bold="true" box="[585,598,974,991]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">B</emphasis>
, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B275C33EB23FBC1FCCCC2BE" blockId="61.[112,649,1071,1700]" lastBlockId="61.[675,1210,1071,1193]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">
et 5 à 6 stigmates par maille. Les stigmates sont recoupés par des sinus parastigmatiques. Le tube digestif est long. L’oesophage est mince (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B275C33E94BFB81FDC3C29D" box="[537,633,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="61.[145,156,975,992]" captionTargetBox="[122,1182,215,915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@61.[113,1209,214,930]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIG. 70. — Styela complexa Kott, 1995: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690189/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">Fig. 70B</figureCitation>
). L’estomac a une forme en fuseau et est plissé, il est proche de l’endostyle. L’intestin décrit une boucle primaire fermée, puis une boucle secondaire plus ouverte. L’anus est lobé, plus antérieur que le sommet de la boucle intestinale primaire. Un caecum en bouton est présent sur l’estomac. Il y a 2 gonades allongées de chaque côté du corps. Chacune se compose d’un ovaire en boudin peu sinueux, terminé par une papille courte et de lobes testiculaires très ramifiés (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B275C33EAD0FA45FE58C3D1" box="[386,482,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="61.[145,156,975,992]" captionTargetBox="[122,1182,215,915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@61.[113,1209,214,930]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIG. 70. — Styela complexa Kott, 1995: A, branchie; B, corps ouvert sur la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690189/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">Fig. 70B</figureCitation>
), aplatis contre le manteau, situés de chaque côté de l’ovaire, mais un peu éloignés de celui-ci. Les canaux spermatiques issus de chaque lobe testiculaire sont dirigés vers l’ovaire et se rejoignent en un spermiducte commun qui longe la face interne de l’ovaire. La papille génitale mâle, saillante et courte, est placée contre la papille femelle. La gonade postérieure gauche croise la boucle intestinale. De nombreux endocarpes globuleux sont dispersés sur tout le manteau, y compris dans la boucle digestive.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B275C33E9F7FB20FC9DC2F1" blockId="61.[674,1212,1230,1700]" box="[677,807,1230,1256]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B275C33E9F7FB03FC00C0B3" blockId="61.[674,1212,1230,1700]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">
Les caractères cités ci-dessus correspondent exactement à la description et aux figures de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B275C33EF61FAE3FB0FC33F" author="KOTT P." box="[1075,1205,1293,1320]" pageId="61" pageNumber="860" pagination="469 - 474" refId="ref36534" refString="KOTT P. 1995. - A new colonial Styela (Ascidiacea: Styelidae) from an isolated marine habitat, Kakaban Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 43 (2): 469 - 474." type="journal article" year="1995">Kott (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, mais ils correspondent également bien aux nombreux spécimens décrits de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B275C33E8D7FAA2FB0DC370" authority="Savigny, 1816" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[901,1207,1356,1383]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="61" pageNumber="860" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canopus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B275C33E8D7FAA2FBA3C371" box="[901,1049,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">Styela canopus</emphasis>
Savigny, 1816
</taxonomicName>
avec seulement de légères différences qui ne portent que sur des gonades plus ou moins compactes, un corps un peu plus allongé; elles pourraient n’être dues qu’à un habitat particulier dans un lac marin fermé. Le caractère colonial de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B275C33EF50FA05FBC5C012" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1995" box="[1026,1151,1515,1541]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="61" pageNumber="860" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complexa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B275C33EF50FA05FBC5C012" box="[1026,1151,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">S. complexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n’est pas démontré, les individus observés sont accolés sans liens vasculaires apparents. Des individus isolés existent. Nous conservons pour le moment l’espèce
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B275C33E9AEF984FCCFC094" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1995" box="[764,885,1641,1668]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Styela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="61" pageNumber="860" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="complexa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B275C33E9AEF984FCCFC094" box="[764,885,1641,1668]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="860">S. complexa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pour le dessin de ses testicules particulièrement ramifiés.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B245C30EBEEFF36FD86C6E4" blockId="62.[188,572,216,275]" box="[188,572,216,243]" pageId="62" pageNumber="861">
Famille
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B245C30EA40FF36FD86C6E4" authority="Hartmeyer, 1908" authorityName="Hartmeyer" authorityYear="1908" box="[274,572,216,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pyuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="62" pageNumber="861" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">PYURIDAE Hartmeyer, 1908</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="1C04F67B3B285C3CEB9DFA65FD93C3B0" box="[207,553,1419,1447]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEB9DFA65FD93C3B0" authority="Sluiter, 1904" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1904" box="[207,553,1419,1447]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Ecteinascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nexa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEB9DFA65FE2DC3B1" bold="true" box="[207,407,1419,1446]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Ecteinascidia nexa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEACCFA62FD93C3B0" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[414,553,1420,1447]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref38116" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1904. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. Pt. I. Die socialen und holosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 A: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1904">Sluiter, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B285C3CEAC6FA45FE7EC3D1" box="[404,452,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">78C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B285C3CEB23FA09FC8AC3F5" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEB23FA09FE96C3E8" box="[113,300,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Ecteinascidia nexa</emphasis>
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, pl. 3 figs 1-5 (
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). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B285C3CEA5FF9ECFE5CC00D" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[269,486,1538,1562]" page="42" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEA5FF9ECFE5CC00D" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[269,486,1538,1562]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="30 - 78" refId="ref37760" refString="NISHIKAWA T. 1986. - Ascidians from the Gilbert and Solomon Islands and Nauru. I. Perophoridae, Ascidiidae and Corellidae. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 32: 30 - 78." type="journal article" year="1986">Nishikawa 1986: 42</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CE96EF9ECFF1FC023" name="Micronesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Micronésie</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot C. 1997a: 566, fig. 3C et synonymie (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CEB24F9D8FF44C059" box="[118,254,1590,1614]" name="Mozambique" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
). —
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<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEA7CF9D8FE69C059" author="KOTT P." box="[302,467,1590,1614]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="1611 - 1653" refId="ref36650" refString="KOTT P. 2003. - New syntheses and new species in the Australian Ascidiacea. Journal of Natural History 37 (13): 1611 - 1653." type="journal article" year="2003">Kott 2003: 1637</bibRefCitation>
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(
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CEA8DF9D8FD81C059" box="[479,571,1590,1614]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Australie</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEB23F987FEF6C08C" blockId="50.[113,646,1641,1691]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEB23F987FDA2C096" authority="Monniot C., 1987: 25" authorityName="Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1987" box="[113,536,1641,1665]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Ecteinascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequale">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEB23F987FE82C096" box="[113,312,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Ecteinascidia aequale</emphasis>
Monniot C., 1987: 25
</taxonomicName>
, figs 12, 13 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CEB2AF96DFEF8C08C" box="[120,322,1667,1691]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CE9F7FA95FC8AC3F5" blockId="50.[675,1212,1403,1691]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CE8F2FA95FC67C384" box="[928,989,1403,1427]" name="Palau" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B285C3CE868FA7BFC19C3BA" box="[826,931,1429,1453]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="17.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" precision="9" value="7.2968335">7°17.81’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B285C3CE8FEFA7BFB90C3BA" box="[940,1066,1429,1453]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22.50" orientation="longitude" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" precision="9" value="134.375">134°22.50’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B285C3CEF25FA7BFD62C3DF" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" value="2005-08-09">9.VIII. 2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN003 (MNHN P2 ECT 103).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B285C3DE9F7FA0AFC67C705" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="850" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CE9F7FA0AFB84C026" blockId="50.[675,1212,1403,1691]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CE9F7FA0AFCB6C3EB" bold="true" box="[677,780,1508,1532]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CE9F7FA0AFCB3C3EB" box="[677,777,1508,1532]" name="Indonesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
E
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B285C3CE877FA0BFC21C3EA" box="[805,923,1509,1533]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Berau, Kakaban marine lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
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, coll. L. J. Bell, DKK002 (
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.
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W
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Island barrier reef, Massong Island,
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,
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,
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28.
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, coll. L. J. Bell,
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574 (
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99).
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B295C3DEB23FC45FD3CC5C4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690161/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" startId="51.[113,124,939,956]" targetBox="[142,639,216,898]" targetPageId="51">
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DEB23FC45FD3CC5C4" blockId="51.[113,646,939,979]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
FIG. 61. —
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<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DEB82FC45FEC6C5AB" box="[208,380,939,956]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Ecteinascidia sluiteri</emphasis>
(
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</taxonomicName>
, corps ouvert ventralement, une partie de la branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DEB23FBFEFEB8C23F" blockId="51.[111,648,1040,1700]" box="[113,258,1040,1066]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DEB23FBC1FEAEC052" blockId="51.[111,648,1040,1700]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DEA50FBC1FED9C25D" box="[258,355,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 78C</figureCitation>
) sont constituées de zoïdes partiellement inclus dans une tunique commune formant des masses de plusieurs centimètres de diamètre. La coloration générale est jaune pâle, le bord des siphons est marqué d’une ligne blanche. La couleur disparaît à la fixation. La tunique est transparente. La musculature correspond aux descriptions précédentes avec un champ dorsal de fibres transverses (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DEBBFFAC3FEF6C35F" box="[237,332,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[677,688,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[685,1183,217,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-19@50.[677,1197,195,1276]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 60. — Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; A, face gauche d’un zoïde; B, face interne du tube digestif et gonade. Échelles: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690159/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 60A</figureCitation>
). Il existe un velum buccal. Les tentacules sont nombreux. La branchie a 19 à 20 rangs de stigmates et les sinus longitudinaux sont presque tous complets. L’estomac a une paroi lisse. L’intestin forme une double boucle. Les gonades sont incluses dans la boucle primaire avec un testicule massif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DEB91FA05FE98C011" box="[195,290,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="50.[677,688,1286,1303]" captionTargetBox="[685,1183,217,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-19@50.[677,1197,195,1276]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIG. 60. — Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; A, face gauche d’un zoïde; B, face interne du tube digestif et gonade. Échelles: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690159/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 60B</figureCitation>
) et un ovaire à sa périphérie. Les larves sont incubées du côté droit dans la cavité péribranchiale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DEBDAF9A4FE2FC0B3" blockId="51.[111,648,1040,1700]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Cette espèce bien reconnaissable est fréquente à très faible profondeur. Elle est largement répartie dans tout l’ouest Pacifique.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9B6FF39FBC0C6E4" blockId="51.[740,1146,215,274]" box="[740,1146,215,243]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B295C3DE9B6FF39FBC0C6E4" authority="Herdman, 1906" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1906" box="[740,1146,215,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Ecteinascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sluiteri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DE9B6FF39FC7FC6E5" bold="true" box="[740,965,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Ecteinascidia sluiteri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B295C3DE89EFF36FBC0C6E4" author="HERDMAN W. A." box="[972,1146,216,243]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" pagination="295 - 348" refId="ref36260" refString="HERDMAN W. A. 1906. - Report on theTunicata. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries suppl. 39: 295 - 348." type="journal article" year="1906">Herdman, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE8D2FF19FC67C705" blockId="51.[740,1146,215,274]" box="[896,989,247,274]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE8DAFF19FC6FC705" box="[904,981,247,274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="51.[113,124,939,956]" captionTargetBox="[142,639,216,898]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[113,643,211,904]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIG. 61. — Ecteinascidia sluiteri (Herdman, 1906), corps ouvert ventralement, une partie de la branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690161/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B295C3DE9F7FEDEFBA6C7F5" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FEDEFBF6C774" blockId="51.[675,1211,304,355]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B295C3DE9F7FEDEFBF6C774" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B295C3DE9F7FEDEFB97C75E" author="HERDMAN W. A." box="[677,1069,304,329]" page="300" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" year="1906">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B295C3DE9F7FEDEFB97C75E" authority="Herdman, 1906: 300" authorityName="Herdman" authorityPageNumber="300" authorityYear="1906" box="[677,1069,304,329]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Ecteinascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sluiteri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DE9F7FEDEFCE7C75F" box="[677,861,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Ecteinascidia sluiteri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B295C3DE830FEDFFB97C75E" author="HERDMAN W. A." box="[866,1069,305,329]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" pagination="295 - 348" refId="ref36260" refString="HERDMAN W. A. 1906. - Report on theTunicata. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries suppl. 39: 295 - 348." type="journal article" year="1906">Herdman, 1906: 300</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B295C3DEF00FEDFFD62C774" author="KOTT P." httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8B5387D025709A0A120BE71EFCD8FE56" page="1639" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B295C3DEF00FEDFFD62C774" author="KOTT P." pageId="51" pageNumber="850" pagination="1611 - 1653" refId="ref36650" refString="KOTT P. 2003. - New syntheses and new species in the Australian Ascidiacea. Journal of Natural History 37 (13): 1611 - 1653." type="journal article" year="2003">Kott 2003: 1639</bibRefCitation>
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, synonymie et répartition; 2004a: 40.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FE95FBA6C7F5" blockId="51.[677,1210,379,482]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B295C3DE8CEFE95FC62C784" box="[924,984,379,403]" name="Palau" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror- Babeldaob Channel, sur ponton flottant,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B295C3DE9F7FE5EFC94C7DF" box="[677,814,432,456]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.31" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" precision="9" value="134.50517">134°30.31’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B295C3DE86FFE5EFC00C7DF" box="[829,954,432,456]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" value="2002-09-24">24.IX.2002</date>
, 1 m, coll. P. J. Colin, 0CDN8166-L (MNHN P2 ECT 97).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B295C3DE9F7FDFBFB12C29D" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FDFBFC8FC43A" blockId="51.[674,1212,533,1162]" box="[677,821,533,559]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FDDAFCF5C25D" blockId="51.[674,1212,533,1162]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
Les zoïdes sont isolés, dressés fixés sur des coquilles. Le corps a une longueur moyenne de
<quantity id="800BECF23B295C3DEF68FDBAFBCEC478" box="[1082,1140,596,623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
. Les 2 siphons sont courts et le siphon buccal est terminal. La tunique est nue transparente et permet de distinguer l’estomac de couleur orange. Le siphon buccal est bordé de nombreux denticules (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DEF0CFD3DFB16C4F9" box="[1118,1196,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="51.[113,124,939,956]" captionTargetBox="[142,639,216,898]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[113,643,211,904]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIG. 61. — Ecteinascidia sluiteri (Herdman, 1906), corps ouvert ventralement, une partie de la branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690161/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
). La musculature comprend un champ de fibres transverses de chaque côté de l’endostyle et un champ de fibres transverses medio-dorsales postérieurement au siphon cloacal. La branchie a 17 rangs de stigmates. Les compartiments du tube digestif sont nettement individualisés (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE868FC7FFC3FC5BB" box="[826,901,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="51.[113,124,939,956]" captionTargetBox="[142,639,216,898]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[113,643,211,904]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIG. 61. — Ecteinascidia sluiteri (Herdman, 1906), corps ouvert ventralement, une partie de la branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690161/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
). L’estomac montre de chaque côté 2 plis en spirale, caractéristiques de l’espèce. Les gonades sont placées au fond de la boucle digestive; le testicule est composé d’un bouquet de lobules. Le spermiducte se prolonge au-delà de l’anus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE9A0FBC1FCF8C25D" box="[754,834,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="51.[113,124,939,956]" captionTargetBox="[142,639,216,898]" captionTargetId="figure-15@51.[113,643,211,904]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIG. 61. — Ecteinascidia sluiteri (Herdman, 1906), corps ouvert ventralement, une partie de la branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690161/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9E9FBA1FB12C29D" blockId="51.[674,1212,533,1162]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
Cette espèce a une large répartition dans tout l’ouest Pacifique mais aussi dans l’océan
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B295C3DEF0BFB81FB1EC29D" box="[1113,1188,1135,1162]" name="India" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Indien</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<mods:identifier id="8CD20553277B1D918E246FD3293FEC89" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4690007</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D8B4AF0C15C664593B9B7FB5237A31EC" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FB87E236EC34493B8C729487A3FAD349" type="Zenodo-Dep">4690007</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="CF5AF0013B295C38E848FAE2FD84C27D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893710" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893710" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B295C38E848FAE2FD84C27D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B295C38E848FAE2FD84C27D" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="853" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B295C3DE848FAE2FBFFC33F" box="[794,1093,1292,1320]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE848FAE2FBFFC33F" blockId="51.[794,1093,1292,1352]" box="[794,1093,1292,1320]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B295C3DE848FAE2FBFFC33F" box="[794,1093,1292,1320]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B295C3DE848FAE2FBB9C330" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[794,1027,1292,1319]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longigaster" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DE848FAE2FBB9C330" bold="true" box="[794,1027,1292,1319]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Perophora longigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B295C3DEF58FAE3FBFFC33F" box="[1034,1093,1293,1320]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B295C3BE815FAC3FBDAC3D1" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="852" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE815FAC3FBADC35F" blockId="51.[794,1093,1292,1352]" box="[839,1047,1325,1352]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE81CFAC3FC27C35F" box="[846,925,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Figs 62</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE8FDFAC3FC71C35F" box="[943,971,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[113,124,596,613]" captionTargetBox="[163,597,220,557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@53.[157,602,215,555]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 63. — Perophora longigaster n. sp., détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">63</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE88EFAC3FBB5C35F" box="[988,1039,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">78D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FA89FCA5C3DA" blockId="51.[675,1211,1382,1485]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B295C3DE9F7FA89FCB9C36B" box="[677,771,1383,1407]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DE867FA88FCCEC369" bold="true" box="[821,884,1382,1406]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B295C3DE867FA88FCCAC369" box="[821,880,1382,1406]" name="Palau" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror-Babeldaob Channel, sur ponton flottant,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B295C3DE895FA6EFB8BC38F" box="[967,1073,1408,1432]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="21.75" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" precision="9" value="7.3625">7°21.75’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B295C3DEF68FA6EFB0DC38F" box="[1082,1207,1408,1432]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.31" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" precision="9" value="134.50517">134°30.31’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B295C3DE9F1FA75FCBCC3A4" box="[675,774,1435,1459]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850" value="2001-11-09">9.XI.2001</date>
, 1 m, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN8166-L (MNHN P2 PER 88).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7FA08FB01C3EA" blockId="51.[677,1211,1509,1534]" box="[677,1211,1509,1534]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DE8F4FA0BFC65C3EA" box="[934,991,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">longus</emphasis>
: long et
<emphasis id="75879D053B295C3DEF64FA0BFBD3C3EB" box="[1078,1129,1509,1532]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">gaster</emphasis>
: ventre.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7F9C5FC8FC054" blockId="51.[675,1211,1579,1700]" box="[677,821,1579,1605]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B295C3DE9F7F9A4FB0DC0B3" blockId="51.[675,1211,1579,1700]" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B295C3DE869F9A4FC18C072" box="[827,930,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="850">Fig. 78D</figureCitation>
) sont intriquées avec des Bryozoaires branchus. Les stolons sont minces, nus, irrégulièrement dichotomisés et peuvent atteindre
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B2E5C3AEB23F995FD84C0B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="851" startId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" targetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" targetPageId="52">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2E5C3AEB23F995FD84C0B4" blockId="52.[113,1209,1659,1699]" pageId="52" pageNumber="851">
FIG. 62. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2E5C3AEB99F995FE39C09B" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[203,387,1659,1676]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="52" pageNumber="851" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longigaster" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2E5C3AEB99F995FE39C09B" box="[203,387,1659,1676]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="851">Perophora longigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B2E5C3AEADAF995FE0DC09B" box="[392,439,1659,1676]" pageId="52" pageNumber="851" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B2E5C3AEA90F995FE75C09B" bold="true" box="[450,463,1659,1676]" pageId="52" pageNumber="851">A</emphasis>
, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2E5C3AE9AEF995FCB3C09B" bold="true" box="[764,777,1659,1676]" pageId="52" pageNumber="851">B</emphasis>
, côté gauche avec testicule;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2E5C3AE8ADF995FBB7C09B" bold="true" box="[1023,1037,1659,1676]" pageId="52" pageNumber="851">C</emphasis>
, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B2F5C3BEB23FDBAFE09C46B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" startId="53.[113,124,596,613]" targetBox="[163,597,220,557]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BEB23FDBAFE09C46B" blockId="53.[113,645,596,636]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
FIG. 63. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BEB98FDBAFE38C472" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[202,386,596,613]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longigaster" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BEB98FDBAFE38C472" box="[202,386,596,613]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Perophora longigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B2F5C3BEAD4FDBAFE02C472" box="[390,440,596,613]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BEB23FD5DFDFBC2BE" blockId="53.[111,648,691,1700]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
plusieurs cm de long. La tunique est fine, nue et transparente. Les zoïdes sont un peu aplatis latéralement de forme carrée, les plus grands mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B2F5C3BEB23FCFCFF60C53A" box="[113,218,786,813]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5 à 6 mm</quantity>
. Tous les organes sont visibles à travers le manteau fin et transparent (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEACAFCDCFDACC55A" box="[408,534,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 62A, B</figureCitation>
). Les deux siphons ont 6 lobes bas arrondis. Le siphon cloacal s’ouvre assez postérieurement, un peu au-delà de la moitié de la longueur du corps. La musculature est composée de fibres fines mais denses (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEAABFC5EFDE1C5DC" box="[505,603,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 62C</figureCitation>
). Le sphincter buccal est faible. Les fibres circulaires qui composent le sphincter cloacal se limitent à la base du siphon. De chaque côté du corps s’étendent des fibres longitudinales seulement, dont les plus ventrales s’écartent pour devenir perpendiculaires à la ligne medio-ventrale. Ces 2 champs musculaires latéraux sont limités à la moitié antérieure du corps.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B2F5C3BE9F7FCF9FD61C528" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690171/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" startId="53.[677,688,791,808]" targetBox="[686,1201,225,760]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9F7FCF9FD61C528" blockId="53.[677,1209,791,831]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
FIG. 64. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BE85BFCF9FB8AC53F" authority="Kott, 1985" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1985" box="[777,1072,791,808]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modificata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE85BFCF9FC72C53F" box="[777,968,791,808]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Perophora modificata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2F5C3BE89DFCF9FB8AC53F" author="KOTT P." box="[975,1072,791,808]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref36407" refString="KOTT P. 1985. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, larve. Échelle: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BEBDAFB40FD3DC0B3" blockId="53.[111,648,691,1700]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
Plus d’une trentaine de tentacules fins sont disposés en 3 ordres (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEBBCFB20FEF4C2FE" box="[238,334,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 62C</figureCitation>
). Le bourrelet péripharyngien n’a pas d’indentation dorsale. Le tubercule vibratile est un petit bouton ouvert en un simple trou. Les languettes du raphé sont courtes et triangulaires. La branchie a 5 rangs complets de stigmates étroits et allongés, au nombre de 40 environ par demi-rang. Les sinus longitudinaux sont complets sur presque toute la branchie. L’endostyle est long et étroit. Le tube digestif décrit une boucle transversale ouverte.L’estomac est cylindrique et particulièrement long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEBF9F9E4FF43C032" box="[171,249,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Figs 62</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEA5BF9E4FE9DC032" box="[265,295,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[113,124,596,613]" captionTargetBox="[163,597,220,557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@53.[157,602,215,555]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 63. — Perophora longigaster n. sp., détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">63</figureCitation>
), placé le long du dernier rang de stigmates; un sillon parcourt toute sa longueur. Un segment étroit est suivi de l’intestin moyen élargi qui décrit un demi-cercle et passe insensiblement au rectum qui remonte vers le siphon cloacal en
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9F4FC9FFB8CC5FC" blockId="53.[674,1212,881,1130]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
dessinant un S. L’anus béant a un bord lisse. Le canal pylorique, issu de tubules placés sur l’intestin moyen, décrit un large arc de cercle et débouche au pôle pylorique de l’estomac (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BE88AFC3EFB93C5FC" box="[984,1065,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[113,124,596,613]" captionTargetBox="[163,597,220,557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@53.[157,602,215,555]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 63. — Perophora longigaster n. sp., détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9E9FC1EFB8AC27D" blockId="53.[674,1212,881,1130]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
Le testicule est massif est présent seulement dans quelques zoïdes dans la boucle intestinale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BEF00FBFEFB14C23C" box="[1106,1198,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="52.[113,124,1659,1676]" captionTargetBox="[142,1204,238,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-19@52.[113,1209,219,1589]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIG. 62. — Perophora longigaster n. sp.: A, côté gauche d’un zoïde immature; B, côté gauche avec testicule; C, zoïde ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690165/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Figs 62B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BE9F0FBC1FD7BC25D" box="[674,705,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[113,124,596,613]" captionTargetBox="[163,597,220,557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@53.[157,602,215,555]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 63. — Perophora longigaster n. sp., détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">63</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire est très petit dans ces exemplaires, il est situé contre l’oesophage (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BE881FBA1FB99C27D" box="[979,1059,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[113,124,596,613]" captionTargetBox="[163,597,220,557]" captionTargetId="figure-15@53.[157,602,215,555]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 63. — Perophora longigaster n. sp., détail du tube digestif et de la glande pylorique. Échelle: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690169" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690169/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9F7FB61FC9DC2B0" blockId="53.[674,1211,1167,1478]" box="[677,807,1167,1193]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9F7FB40FBDAC3D1" blockId="53.[674,1211,1167,1478]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
Cette nouvelle espèce a le même aspect externe que
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BE9F1FB23FBEFC2FE" authority="(Sluiter, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[675,1109,1229,1257]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multiclathrata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE9F1FB23FC11C2F0" box="[675,939,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Perophora multiclathrata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2F5C3BE8E9FB20FBF7C2FE" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[955,1101,1230,1257]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref38116" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1904. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. Pt. I. Die socialen und holosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 A: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1904">Sluiter, 1904</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
avec des zoïdes jaune clair portés sur des stolons fins et longs et une tunique transparente.Seule la taille des individus les distingue
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE87BFAC3FCD4C351" box="[809,878,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">in vivo</emphasis>
: 2,5 mm pour
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BEF5CFAC3FB0DC350" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1038,1207,1325,1351]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multiclathrata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BEF5CFAC3FB0DC350" box="[1038,1207,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">P.multiclathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
et
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pour
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<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE867FAA3FC09C371" box="[821,947,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">P.longigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. L’estomac très allongé, le dessin de la musculature, un testicule massif isolent
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<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE9F1FA62FC92C3B1" box="[675,808,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">P. longigaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B2F5C3BE862FA62FCD1C3B0" box="[816,875,1420,1447]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
de toutes les autres espèces du genre à cinq rangs complets de stigmates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE9AEF9E4FBD8C032" blockId="53.[764,1122,1546,1605]" box="[764,1122,1546,1573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BE9AEF9E4FBD8C032" authority="Kott, 1985" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1985" box="[764,1122,1546,1573]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modificata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE9AEF9E4FC5EC032" bold="true" box="[764,996,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Perophora modificata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2F5C3BE8B9F9E4FBD8C032" author="KOTT P." box="[1003,1122,1546,1573]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref36407" refString="KOTT P. 1985. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2F5C3BE8D2F9C4FC64C052" blockId="53.[764,1122,1546,1605]" box="[896,990,1578,1605]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2F5C3BE8DAF9C4FC6CC052" box="[904,982,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[677,688,791,808]" captionTargetBox="[686,1201,225,760]" captionTargetId="figure-18@53.[646,1220,207,763]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 64. — Perophora modificata Kott, 1985, larve. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690171/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B2F5C3BE9F7F99FFB01C0B4" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2F5C3BE9F7F99FFBA3C09E" author="KOTT P." box="[677,1049,1649,1673]" page="104" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2F5C3BE9F7F99FFBA3C09E" authority="Kott, 1985: 104" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1985" box="[677,1049,1649,1673]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Perophoridae" genus="Perophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modificata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2F5C3BE9F7F99FFCD7C09E" box="[677,877,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="852">Perophora modificata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2F5C3BE827F99FFBA3C09E" author="KOTT P." box="[885,1049,1649,1673]" pageId="53" pageNumber="852" pagination="1 - 440" refId="ref36407" refString="KOTT P. 1985. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1. Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 23: 1 - 440." type="journal article" year="1985">Kott, 1985: 104</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 45, pl.
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(Queensland et
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). — Monniot C. 1987:
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23FF39FEE9C733" blockId="54.[111,648,215,388]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
23, fig. 11 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EBB5FF39FE17C6F8" box="[231,429,215,239]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
); 1997a: 562, fig. 2A (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EB2AFF1FFEBBC71E" box="[120,257,241,265]" name="Mozambique" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 301, fig. 125A (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EA5CFEE2FEF2C733" box="[270,328,268,292]" name="Palau" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Palau</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2C5C38EB23FED9FD84C27D" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23FED9FDE2C793" blockId="54.[111,648,215,388]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EA1CFED9FE33C758" bold="true" box="[334,393,311,335]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EA1CFED9FE3FC758" box="[334,389,311,335]" name="Palau" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2C5C38EADFFED9FE7CC758" box="[397,454,311,335]" country="Palau" name="Koror" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Koror</collectingRegion>
, Mutremdiu, Uchelbeluu Reef,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EB8CFEBFFEFEC77E" box="[222,324,337,361]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="16.41" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="9" value="7.2735">7°16.41’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EA1EFEBFFE7FC77E" box="[332,453,337,361]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="31.43" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="9" value="134.52383">134°31.43’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B2C5C38EA9FFEBFFE49C77E" box="[461,499,337,361]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B2C5C38EAA9FEBFFDECC77E" box="[507,598,337,361]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" value="1998-02-04">4.II.1998</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN5065-P (MNHN P2 PER 73).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23FE58FEB8C7D9" blockId="54.[111,649,438,1035]" box="[113,258,438,464]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23FE3BFE18C458" blockId="54.[111,649,438,1035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Cette espèce bien caractéristique possède une cavité incubatrice, mais jusqu’à présent les larves qu’elle contenait n’avaient pas un développement suffisant pour détailler leur structure.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EBDAFDBAFF64C59B" blockId="54.[111,649,438,1035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
Les exemplaires de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EA05FDBAFE28C478" box="[343,402,596,623]" name="Palau" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Palau</collectingCountry>
permettent de donner quelques précisions. Le tronc de la larve mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B2C5C38EB21FD7DFF0CC4B9" box="[115,182,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
de long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2C5C38EA76FD7DFEC2C4B9" box="[292,376,659,686]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[677,688,791,808]" captionTargetBox="[686,1201,225,760]" captionTargetId="figure-18@53.[646,1220,207,763]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 64. — Perophora modificata Kott, 1985, larve. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690171/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). La queue décrit moins de ½ tour. Le thorax larvaire est situé près de l’insertion de la queue en position très postérieure. On y distingue l’ocelle et l’otolithe et 4 rangs de stigmates groupés 2 par 2 (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2C5C38EACCFCFCFE48C53A" box="[414,498,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="53.[677,688,791,808]" captionTargetBox="[686,1201,225,760]" captionTargetId="figure-18@53.[646,1220,207,763]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIG. 64. — Perophora modificata Kott, 1985, larve. Échelle: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690171/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). Les papilles adhésives se disposent en une calotte antérieure en un double rang irrégulier, on en compte une vingtaine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EBDAFC7FFE8CC21C" blockId="54.[111,649,438,1035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
La larve de
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<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EA58FC7FFE53C5BC" box="[266,489,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Perophora modificata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est particulièrement grande par rapport à la taille des zoïdes. Elle est exceptionnelle par son grand nombre de papilles adhésives.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EBEBFBA1FD84C27D" blockId="54.[185,574,1103,1162]" box="[185,574,1103,1130]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
Famille
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2C5C38EA5DFBBEFD84C27D" authority="Herdman, 1882" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1882" box="[271,574,1103,1130]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">ASCIDIIDAE Herdman, 1882</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FE98EFED8FB38C745" authority="Tokioka, 1953" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[732,1154,310,338]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE98EFED8FC64C746" bold="true" box="[732,990,310,337]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Rhopalaea macrothorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FE8B6FED9FB38C745" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[996,1154,311,338]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="1 - 313" refId="ref38239" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1953. - Ascidians of Sagami Bay, in HATTORI H. (ed). Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo: 1 - 313." type="book chapter" year="1953">Tokioka, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FE835FEB9FC0DC765" box="[871,951,343,370]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Figs 59</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FE89AFEB9FC4DC765" box="[968,1015,343,370]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">78B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FBA4C41B" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FBF4C7BF" blockId="49.[677,1102,399,424]" box="[677,1102,399,424]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FBF4C7BF" box="[677,1102,399,424]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FBF0C7BF" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[677,1098,399,424]" page="212" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" year="1953">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FBF0C7BF" authority="Tokioka, 1953: 212" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1953" box="[677,1098,399,424]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE9F7FE61FC3AC7B0" box="[677,896,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Rhopalaea macrothorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FE8D7FE7EFBF0C7BF" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[901,1098,400,424]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="1 - 313" refId="ref38239" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1953. - Ascidians of Sagami Bay, in HATTORI H. (ed). Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo: 1 - 313." type="book chapter" year="1953">Tokioka, 1953: 212</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FE51FBA4C41B" blockId="49.[677,1209,447,524]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B2B5C3FE9F7FE51FBA4C41B" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FE9F7FE51FCEBC7C0" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[677,849,447,471]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE9F7FE51FCEBC7C0" box="[677,849,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Rhopalaea crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2B5C3FE826FE51FB03C7C0" author="KOTT P. &amp; GOODBODY I." box="[884,1209,447,471]" page="506" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FE826FE51FB03C7C0" author="KOTT P. &amp; GOODBODY I." box="[884,1209,447,471]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="503 - 554" refId="ref36788" refString="KOTT P. &amp; GOODBODY I. 1982. - Th e ascidians of Hong Kong, in MORTON B. S. &amp; TSENG C. K. (eds), The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong: 503 - 554." type="book chapter" year="1982">Kott &amp; Goodbody 1982: 506</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2B5C3FE859FE34FC18C7E5" author="KOTT P." box="[779,930,474,498]" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FE859FE34FC18C7E5" author="KOTT P." box="[779,930,474,498]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott 1990a: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(part) (spécimens à tunique transparente). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2B5C3FE803FE1AFBA0C41B" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[849,1050,500,524]" page="25" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FE803FE1AFBA0C41B" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[849,1050,500,524]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="25 - 170" refId="ref37798" refString="NISHIKAWA T. 1991. - Th e ascidians of the Japan Sea. II. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 35 (1 - 3): 25 - 170." type="journal article" year="1991">Nishikawa 1991: 25</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2B5C3FE9F7FDCAFB1EC4B1" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FDCAFBECC441" blockId="49.[677,1211,548,678]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE8CDFDCAFBB1C42B" bold="true" box="[927,1035,548,572]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2B5C3FE8CDFDCAFBB2C42B" box="[927,1032,548,572]" name="Indonesia" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2B5C3FEF47FDCAFBFAC42B" box="[1045,1088,548,572]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Bali</collectingRegion>
, Tulamben,
<date id="334D67D73B2B5C3FE9F5FDD0FCA8C441" box="[679,786,574,598]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" value="2000-10-29">29.X.2000</date>
, 35 m (MNHN P1 RHO.A 40).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FDB6FB1EC4B1" blockId="49.[677,1211,548,678]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE9F7FDB6FCBEC467" bold="true" box="[677,772,600,624]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2B5C3FE9F7FDB6FCBBC467" box="[677,769,600,624]" name="Malaysia" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2B5C3FE85CFDB7FCF5C466" box="[782,847,601,625]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Kota Kinabalu, Manukan Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2B5C3FE9F7FD9DFCB5C49C" box="[677,783,627,651]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="58.28" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" precision="9" value="5.9713335">5°58.28’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2B5C3FE849FD9DFC20C49C" box="[795,922,627,651]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="59.92" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" precision="9" value="115.998665">115°59.92’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B2B5C3FE8F4FD9DFC49C49C" box="[934,1011,627,651]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" unit="m" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5-15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B2B5C3FE8ADFD9DFBD6C49C" box="[1023,1132,627,651]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" value="2005-10-22">22.X.2005</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN9179-M (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2B5C3FE8F9FD60FC45C4B1" box="[939,1023,654,678]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">MNHN</collectionCode>
P1
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2B5C3FEF74FD60FBE5C4B1" box="[1062,1119,654,678]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">RHO</collectionCode>
A 43).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2B5C3CE9F7FD3DFED9C7C6" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="849" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FD3DFC8FC4FC" blockId="49.[674,1212,723,1700]" box="[677,821,723,749]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9F7FD1CFBBAC25D" blockId="49.[674,1212,723,1700]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
Les exemplaires récoltés mesurent de
<quantity id="800BECF23B2B5C3FEF6BFD1CFB22C51A" box="[1081,1176,754,781]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4 à 8 cm</quantity>
de long. Seul le thorax émerge du substrat. La tunique fine et souple, parfaitement transparente laisse voir la musculature du manteau et la branchie.
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2B5C3FEF2AFCBFFB27C57B" box="[1144,1181,849,876]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Sur</collectingRegion>
la tunique une ligne bleue encercle le siphon buccal une autre s’étend le long de l’endostyle (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FEF1FFC7FFB14C5BB" box="[1101,1198,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Fig. 78B</figureCitation>
). Le manteau lui-même est fin et transparent. Les deux siphons sont proches l’un de l’autre, bordés de 6 lobes. Entre chacun des lobes un point jaune est nettement visible, il persiste après fixation (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FEF03FBFEFB15C23C" box="[1105,1199,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Fig. 59A</figureCitation>
). La tunique est nue sur le thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9E9FBA1FC73C390" blockId="49.[674,1212,723,1700]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
La musculature est uniquement thoracique (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FE9FFFB81FCACC29D" box="[685,790,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Fig. 59A</figureCitation>
). Un sphincter peu puissant entoure chaque siphon. Des faisceaux de fibres longitudinales issues des 2 siphons de chaque côté du thorax s’amenuisent progressivement vers la partie postérieure. Les plus ventraux se terminent transversalement en éventail le long de l’endostyle. Les fibres mésiales s’effilent en fibres transversales fines. Les fibres issues du siphon cloacal sont courtes, très peu ramifiées.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3CE9E9FA62FED9C7C6" blockId="49.[674,1212,723,1700]" lastBlockId="50.[111,648,216,465]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="849" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
Les tentacules buccaux (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FE8EFFA62FBA4C3B0" box="[957,1054,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Fig. 59C</figureCitation>
) sont insérés à la base d’un très court velum. Le bourrelet péripharyngien est circulaire, sans indentation au niveau du ganglion nerveux. Le tubercule vibratile est saillant, allongé avec une fente antéro-postérieure (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2B5C3FE9FFF9C4FCA9C052" box="[685,787,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Fig. 59C</figureCitation>
). La branchie est plane, il n’y a pas de papilles surmontant les nombreux sinus longitudinaux. Il y a 64 rangs de stigmates et en moyenne 4 stigmates allongés par maille. L’abdomen est mince, allongé et opaque. On ne distingue pas de régions bien délimitées du tube digestif. Le rectum est long et s’ouvre par un anus lisse au quart antérieur du thorax. Le spermiducte est visible à la fois dans l’abdomen et le long du rectum; il décrit une boucle immédiatement derrière l’anus (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B285C3CEA9AFE98FD92C786" box="[456,552,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" captionTargetId="figure-15@49.[100,659,204,1415]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 59. — Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka, 1953: A, thorax; B, anus et papille mâle; C, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Fig. 59B</figureCitation>
), puis se prolonge au-delà, antérieurement. Un point jaune marque son extrémité.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="138C119F3B2B5C3FEB23FA44FF62C3FE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690155" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690155/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" startId="49.[113,124,1450,1467]" targetBox="[115,644,216,1400]" targetPageId="49">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FEB23FA44FF62C3FE" blockId="49.[113,646,1450,1513]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
FIG. 59. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FEB81FA44FD9AC3AC" authority="Tokioka, 1953" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[211,544,1450,1467]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FEB81FA44FE1AC3AC" box="[211,416,1450,1467]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Rhopalaea macrothorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FEAF5FA44FD9AC3AC" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[423,544,1450,1467]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="1 - 313" refId="ref38239" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1953. - Ascidians of Sagami Bay, in HATTORI H. (ed). Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo: 1 - 313." type="book chapter" year="1953">Tokioka, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FE97CFA44FD81C3AC" bold="true" box="[558,571,1450,1467]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FEB21FA2EFFC5C3C6" bold="true" box="[115,127,1472,1489]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">B</emphasis>
, anus et papille mâle;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FEA14FA2EFEEEC3C6" bold="true" box="[326,340,1472,1489]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">C</emphasis>
, région neurale. Échelles: A, 1 cm; B, C, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B285C3CEB23FE1BFDCDC2F0" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEB23FE1BFF49C41A" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" box="[113,243,501,527]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEB23FDFBFDDAC478" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
Cette espèce se distingue d’autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEA91FDFBFD90C438" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1843" box="[451,554,533,559]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA91FDFBFD90C438" box="[451,554,533,559]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Rhopalaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
solitaires par sa tunique transparente, ses six points jaunes à chaque siphon, et le dessin de sa musculature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEBDAFD9AFE3CC55A" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
Les exemplaires examinés correspondent parfaitement aux
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B285C3CEB86FD7DFE90C4B9" box="[212,298,659,686]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
de l’espèce aimablement prêtés par le National Science Museum de Tsukuba au
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B285C3CE96DFD5DFD3BC4D9" box="[575,641,691,718]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Japon</collectingCountry>
. Les taches jaunes sont bien caractéristiques ainsi que la disposition de la musculature. La forme allongée des individus avec une tunique particulièrement transparente est la même.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEBDAFCBFFE64C5FC" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEBDAFCBFFE27C57B" author="KOTT P. &amp; GOODBODY I." box="[136,413,849,876]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="503 - 554" refId="ref36788" refString="KOTT P. &amp; GOODBODY I. 1982. - Th e ascidians of Hong Kong, in MORTON B. S. &amp; TSENG C. K. (eds), The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong: 503 - 554." type="book chapter" year="1982">Kott &amp; Goodbody (1982)</bibRefCitation>
décrivent sous le nom de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEBDDFC9FFE4DC59B" authority="(Herdman, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[143,503,881,908]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEBDDFC9FFE8DC59C" box="[143,311,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">Rhopalaea crassa</emphasis>
(Herdman, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
deux groupes d’individus très différents, les uns correspondent probablement à
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEA4FFC5FFEC8C5DD" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[285,370,945,970]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA4FFC5FFEC8C5DD" box="[285,370,945,970]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, les autres, dont la tunique est transparente, à
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEA6AFC3FFE62C5FD" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[312,472,976,1002]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA6AFC3FFE62C5FD" box="[312,472,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. macrothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEBDAFC1EFDE6C27D" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEBDAFC1EFEADC21C" author="KOTT P." box="[136,279,1008,1035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
place les deux espèces
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CE940FC1FFDD1C21D" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[530,619,1009,1034]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CE940FC1FFDD1C21D" box="[530,619,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEB21FBFEFEBDC23E" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[115,263,1039,1065]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEB21FBFEFEBDC23E" box="[115,263,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. macrothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
en synonymie bien qu’elle reconnaisse qu’un des spécimens correspond exactement à la description de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEA41FBBEFDE2C27D" authority="Tokioka, 1953" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[275,600,1103,1130]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA41FBBEFE99C27E" box="[275,291,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA63FBA1FE08C27E" box="[305,434,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">macrothorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEAE5FBA1FDE2C27D" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[439,600,1103,1130]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="1 - 313" refId="ref38239" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1953. - Ascidians of Sagami Bay, in HATTORI H. (ed). Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo: 1 - 313." type="book chapter" year="1953">Tokioka, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B285C3CEBDAFB81FDCDC2F0" blockId="50.[111,648,501,1257]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B285C3CEBDAFB81FEEAC29D" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[136,336,1135,1162]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" pagination="25 - 170" refId="ref37798" refString="NISHIKAWA T. 1991. - Th e ascidians of the Japan Sea. II. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 35 (1 - 3): 25 - 170." type="journal article" year="1991">Nishikawa (1991)</bibRefCitation>
, suivant Kott &amp; Goodbody, place en
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEB99FB61FEA4C2BF" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[203,286,1167,1192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crassa">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEB99FB61FEA4C2BF" box="[203,286,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. crassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
des exemplaires qu’il dit correspondre exactement aux
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B285C3CEA6CFB40FE2DC2DE" box="[318,407,1198,1225]" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEAE8FB41FDE9C2DF" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[442,595,1198,1224]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEAE8FB41FDE9C2DF" box="[442,595,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">R. macrothorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
qu’il a revus, et qui doivent donc être
<emphasis id="75879D053B285C3CEA82FB20FDCDC2F0" box="[464,631,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="849">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B285C3CEA82FB20FDC9C2F0" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1953" box="[464,627,1229,1255]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" genus="Rhopalaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="50" pageNumber="849" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrothorax">R. macrothorax</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

330
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2C5C38EB85FB43FD9BC2DE" authority="Sluiter, 1895" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1895" box="[215,545,1197,1225]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gemmata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EB85FB43FE35C2DF" bold="true" box="[215,399,1197,1224]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Ascidia gemmata</emphasis>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2C5C38EA2DFB20FE21C2FE" box="[383,411,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[113,124,1021,1038]" captionTargetBox="[128,636,226,967]" captionTargetId="figure-15@55.[115,645,214,979]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 66. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895, corps ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690177/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">66</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2C5C38EAFEFB20FE60C2FE" box="[428,474,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">78E</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EB23FAEBFEAEC30A" box="[113,276,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Ascidia gemmata</emphasis>
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, pl. 9 figs 6, 7, 9 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EB28FACEFF65C32F" box="[122,223,1312,1336]" name="Indonesia" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2C5C38EA5EFACEFE2CC32F" author="KOTT P." box="[268,406,1312,1336]" page="37" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" year="1985">
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</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 10e, i (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38E956FACEFDDAC32F" box="[516,608,1312,1336]" name="Australia" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Australie</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B2C5C38EB23FAD4FE84C345" author="SANAMYAN K." box="[113,318,1338,1362]" page="102" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2C5C38EB23FAD4FE84C345" author="SANAMYAN K." box="[113,318,1338,1362]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" pagination="103 - 135" refId="ref37951" refString="SANAMYAN K. 1998. - Ascidians from the north-western Pacific region 4. Polyclinidae and Placentelidae. Ophelia 48 (2): 103 - 135." type="journal article" year="1998">Sanamyan 1998: 102</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(mer du
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EAC7FAD4FE68C345" box="[405,466,1338,1362]" name="Japan" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Japon</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 304, figs 80, 125D et synonymie (Pacifique ouest).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
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FIG. 65. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2C5C38E854FA98FBB4C39F" authority="Sluiter, 1895" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1895" box="[774,1038,1398,1416]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gemmata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38E854FA98FC21C390" box="[774,923,1398,1415]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Ascidia gemmata</emphasis>
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:
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, région neurale;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38E9F4FA63FD09C389" bold="true" box="[678,691,1421,1438]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">B</emphasis>
, côté gauche d’un spécimen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38E8E1FA63FC7BC389" bold="true" box="[947,961,1421,1438]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">C</emphasis>
, face interne du tube digestif. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23FA73FEA9C043" blockId="54.[111,649,1437,1699]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EA1BFA73FE39C3A2" bold="true" box="[329,387,1437,1461]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EA1BFA73FEC5C3A2" box="[329,383,1437,1461]" name="Palau" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EA60FA59FE2CC3D8" box="[306,406,1463,1487]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="15.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="9" value="7.254">7°15.24’N</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B2C5C38E94FFA59FD3AC3D8" box="[541,640,1463,1487]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" value="2005-05-18">18.V.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN036,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B2C5C38E95FFA3CFD3EC3FD" box="[525,644,1490,1514]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="generic">3 spécimens</specimenCount>
(MNHN P5 ASC A 365).— Ngeruktabel Island, Mekeald Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EBFEF9E9FEAFC008" box="[172,277,1543,1567]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="17.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="9" value="7.2968335">7°17.81’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EA73F9E9FE25C008" box="[289,415,1543,1567]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="22.50" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="9" value="134.375">134°22.50’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B2C5C38EAF9F9E9FDA7C008" box="[427,541,1543,1567]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" value="2004-04-20">20.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, MLN062,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B2C5C38EAE7F9CFFD9EC02E" box="[437,548,1569,1593]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="generic">1 spécimen</specimenCount>
(MNHN P5 ASC A 366).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2C5C37EB23F9B8FED4C33F" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="856" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38EB23F9B8FD33C0B4" blockId="54.[111,649,1437,1699]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2C5C38EB23F9B8FF6DC079" bold="true" box="[113,215,1622,1646]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2C5C38EB23F9B8FF69C079" box="[113,211,1622,1646]" name="Indonesia" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2C5C38EA63F9B8FE1EC079" box="[305,420,1622,1646]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Maratua Island, Danau Haji Buang, marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EA21F99FFE50C09E" box="[371,490,1649,1673]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="12.630" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="1" value="2.2105">2°12.630’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2C5C38EAA7F99FFD3AC09E" box="[501,640,1649,1673]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="35.681" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" precision="1" value="118.59468">118°35.681’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B2C5C38EBE6F965FEA7C0B4" box="[180,285,1675,1699]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" value="2003-10-24">24.X.2003</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, HBM036 (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2C5C38E945F965FDD0C0B4" box="[535,618,1675,1699]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">MNHN</collectionCode>
P5
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38E9F1FA08FCFFC00E" blockId="54.[675,1208,1510,1561]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2C5C38E9F1FA08FD6BC3E9" box="[675,721,1510,1534]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15857" name="Northern Arizona University" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="Herbarium">ASC</collectionCode>
A 351). —
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2C5C38E817FA08FCD4C3E9" box="[837,878,1510,1534]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Bali</collectingRegion>
, Tulamben,
<date id="334D67D73B2C5C38E8B7FA08FBEDC3E9" box="[997,1111,1510,1534]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" value="2000-09-30">30.IX.2000</date>
(
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2C5C38EF36FA08FB02C3E9" box="[1124,1208,1510,1534]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">MNHN</collectionCode>
P5
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2C5C38E997F9EFFD49C00E" box="[709,755,1537,1561]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15857" name="Northern Arizona University" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" type="Herbarium">ASC</collectionCode>
A 350).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38E9F7F9A4FC8FC075" blockId="54.[674,1210,1610,1700]" box="[677,821,1610,1636]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2C5C38E9F7F987FB0DC0B3" blockId="54.[674,1210,1610,1700]" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">
Les spécimens examinés (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2C5C38E8F4F987FC45C093" box="[934,1023,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="853">Fig. 78E</figureCitation>
) mesurent jusqu’à
<quantity id="800BECF23B2C5C38E9F0F967FD62C0B3" box="[674,728,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="853" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
de long. La coloration de la tunique est rose,
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B2D5C39EB23FC13FDB5C233" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690177/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" startId="55.[113,124,1021,1038]" targetBox="[128,636,226,967]" targetPageId="55">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39EB23FC13FDB5C233" blockId="55.[113,646,1020,1060]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
FIG. 66. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2D5C39EB9BFC12FE7EC219" authority="Sluiter, 1895" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1895" box="[201,452,1020,1038]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gemmata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2D5C39EB9BFC12FEEDC21A" box="[201,343,1020,1037]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Ascidia gemmata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2D5C39EA09FC13FE7EC219" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[347,452,1021,1038]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" pagination="161 - 186" refId="ref38007" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1895. - Tunicaten, in SEMON R., Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien und dem Malagischen Archipel. Jenaische Denkschriften 8: 161 - 186." type="journal article" year="1895">Sluiter, 1895</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, corps ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39EB23FB81FB8AC7A6" blockId="55.[111,649,1135,1700]" lastBlockId="55.[674,1212,216,528]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
sa consistance est cartilagineuse et des organites divers y adhèrent. Les 2 siphons sont longs, le siphon buccal est terminal avec 9 ou 10 lobes et des ocelles jaunes ou rouges. Le siphon cloacal est perpendiculaire au milieu du corps. La musculature est dense sur toute la face droite du corps (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E97BFAE3FDCDC33F" box="[553,631,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[113,124,1021,1038]" captionTargetBox="[128,636,226,967]" captionTargetId="figure-15@55.[115,645,214,979]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 66. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895, corps ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690177/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
), presque absente à gauche excepté quelques fines fibres transverses courtes près du début de l’endostyle. Les tentacules buccaux sont très nombreux (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E94FFA82FDC7C390" box="[541,637,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="54.[677,688,1399,1416]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,218,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-19@54.[660,1223,205,1374]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIG. 65. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895: A, région neurale; B, côté gauche d’un spécimen; C, face interne du tube digestif. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690175/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 65A</figureCitation>
) et rouges. Le manteau a une coloration rouge ou rose variable. L’aire pérituberculaire porte de fines papilles.Le ganglion nerveux est situé à mi-distance des siphons (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39EA50FA05FEEDC011" box="[258,343,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[113,124,1021,1038]" captionTargetBox="[128,636,226,967]" captionTargetId="figure-15@55.[115,645,214,979]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 66. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895, corps ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690177/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
). Le raphé est double avec une bordure finement dentée et de grosses côtes. Il se prolonge au-delà de l’entrée de l’oesophage jusqu’à l’extrémité postérieure du corps. Les papilles branchiales sont épaisses avec un lobe latéral. On compte 3 à 4 stigmates par maille branchiale. Le tube digestif occupe toute la moitié postérieure gauche du corps (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E80CFF16FC66C704" box="[862,988,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="54.[677,688,1399,1416]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,218,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-19@54.[660,1223,205,1374]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIG. 65. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895: A, région neurale; B, côté gauche d’un spécimen; C, face interne du tube digestif. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690175/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Figs 65B, C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E8BEFF16FBB1C704" box="[1004,1035,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[113,124,1021,1038]" captionTargetBox="[128,636,226,967]" captionTargetId="figure-15@55.[115,645,214,979]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 66. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895, corps ouvert le long de la ligne ventrale, branchie enlevée. Échelle: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690177/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">66</figureCitation>
). L’oesophage est mince avec une forte courbure (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E8B7FEF9FBFBC725" box="[997,1089,279,306]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="54.[677,688,1399,1416]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,218,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-19@54.[660,1223,205,1374]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIG. 65. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895: A, région neurale; B, côté gauche d’un spécimen; C, face interne du tube digestif. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690175/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 65B</figureCitation>
). L’estomac est vaste. Le haut de la boucle intestinale dépasse antérieurement l’ouverture du siphon cloacal. Les gonades mâles couvrent le tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39EF19FE98FB16C786" box="[1099,1196,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="54.[677,688,1399,1416]" captionTargetBox="[677,1209,218,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-19@54.[660,1223,205,1374]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="FIG. 65. — Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1895: A, région neurale; B, côté gauche d’un spécimen; C, face interne du tube digestif. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690175/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 65C</figureCitation>
), l’ovaire est dans la boucle intestinale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39E9E9FE58FBB6C407" blockId="55.[674,1212,216,528]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
Tous les caractères sont conformes aux descriptions précédentes.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2D5C39E877FE3BFC72C7F8" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1895" box="[805,968,469,495]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gemmata">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2D5C39E877FE3BFC72C7F8" box="[805,968,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Ascidia gemmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est une espèce fréquente dans tout l’océan Pacifique ouest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39E9FAFDBDFBAEC498" blockId="55.[680,1206,595,655]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2D5C39E9FAFDBDFB0CC478" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[680,1206,595,623]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapuni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2D5C39E9FAFDBDFCFCC479" bold="true" box="[680,838,595,622]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Ascidia tapuni</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E803FD9AFC1BC498" box="[849,929,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Figs 67</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E8E0FD9AFC74C498" box="[946,974,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[113,124,604,621]" captionTargetBox="[123,636,221,561]" captionTargetId="figure-15@57.[119,640,215,565]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 68. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, faces externe (A) et interne (B) du tube digestif. Échelle: 5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690183/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">68</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E8B2FD9AFBB6C498" box="[992,1036,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">78F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39E9F7FD40FC29C501" blockId="55.[677,1211,686,790]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2D5C39E9F7FD40FB0FC4D1" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 97" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityPageNumber="97" authorityYear="1987" box="[677,1205,686,710]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapuni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2D5C39E9F7FD40FC8AC4D1" box="[677,816,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Ascidia tapuni</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: 97
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 36 (Polynésie). — Monniot C. 1987: 16, fig. 8 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2D5C39E9FFFD0DFCCDC4EC" box="[685,887,739,763]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2003: 689, fig. 6 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2D5C39E804FD10FC33C501" box="[854,905,766,790]" name="Fiji" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fidji</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39E9F7FCC0FB9BC582" blockId="55.[675,1210,813,917]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2D5C39E9F7FCC0FCE1C552" box="[677,859,814,837]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</collectionCode>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B2D5C39E8D6FCC3FC53C552" bold="true" box="[900,1001,813,837]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2D5C39E8D6FCC3FC5CC552" box="[900,998,813,837]" name="Indonesia" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2D5C39EF11FCC3FB0CC552" box="[1091,1206,813,837]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Kakaban marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2D5C39E820FCA6FC5FC577" box="[882,997,840,864]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="08.444" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" precision="1" value="2.1407332">2°08.444’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B2D5C39E8BEFCA6FBC9C577" box="[1004,1139,840,864]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30.600" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" precision="1" value="118.51">118°30.600’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B2D5C39E9F1FC8CFCB0C56D" box="[675,778,866,890]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" value="2003-10-22">22.X.2003</date>
et
<quantity id="800BECF23B2D5C39E876FC8CFCF1C56D" box="[804,843,866,890]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B2D5C39E806FC8CFC7CC56D" box="[852,966,866,890]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" value="2006-09-19">19.IX.2006</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, DKK027,
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B2D5C39E9F1FC93FCA3C582" box="[675,793,893,917]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" type="generic">3 spécimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2D5C39E874FC93FCC0C582" box="[806,890,893,917]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">MNHN</collectionCode>
P5
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B2D5C39E8F0FC93FC68C582" box="[930,978,893,917]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15857" name="Northern Arizona University" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" type="Herbarium">ASC</collectionCode>
.A 370).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C39E9F7FC3FFC8FC5FE" blockId="55.[675,1212,977,1700]" box="[677,821,977,1003]" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2D5C37E9F7FC1EFE04C5BB" blockId="55.[675,1212,977,1700]" lastBlockId="57.[111,648,723,1320]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="856" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">
La tunique est vitreuse, incolore très transparente, sans épibiontes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E802FBFEFC14C23C" box="[848,942,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 78F</figureCitation>
). Le plus grand spécimen mesure
<quantity id="800BECF23B2D5C39E9A9FBC1FC83C25D" box="[763,825,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="854" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
. Le siphon buccal est terminal, le siphon cloacal à mi-longueur du corps, tous deux sont sessiles (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E861FB81FC2DC29D" box="[819,919,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 67A</figureCitation>
). Neuf ocelles sont visibles entre les lobes buccaux et 6 entre les lobes cloacaux. Le manteau est fin et transparent. Les muscles sont fins, circulaires autour des siphons avec des fibres longitudinales courtes qui sont limitées aux siphons (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E86EFAE3FC1FC33F" box="[828,933,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
). La face gauche n’a pas de muscles.
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B2D5C39E867FAC3FCE1C35F" box="[821,859,1325,1352]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Sur</collectingRegion>
la face droite existe un réseau continu de fibres transverses et obliques mais il n’y a pas de fibres longitudinales (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39EF17FA82FB16C390" box="[1093,1196,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
). Des fibres transverses assez denses forment un champ dorsal qui s’étend du siphon buccal à l’extrémité postérieure du corps au-delà du siphon cloacal (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E852FA05FCDDC011" box="[768,871,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
). Les tentacules buccaux sont longs et nombreux implantés sur un vélum. De fines papilles couvrent l’aire pérituberculaire. Le bourrelet péripharyngien comprend deux lames dont la plus antérieure porte de fines papilles digitiformes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B2D5C39E86BF967FC1AC0B3" box="[825,928,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="854">Fig. 67C</figureCitation>
). Le ganglion nerveux est proche du tubercule vibratile, en bouton, ouvert en C. La branchie est plane avec des papilles qui ont une bosse latérale. Il y a 4 stigmates par maille. Le raphé, double à son origine (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EA98FCDCFD95C55A" box="[458,559,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Fig. 67C</figureCitation>
), forme une lame haute à bord entier. La branchie s’étend jusqu’à l’extrémité postérieure du corps, au-delà du tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EA7FFC7FFE0AC5BB" box="[301,432,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Fig. 67A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B225C36EB23F994FC11C0B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="855" startId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" targetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" targetPageId="56">
<paragraph id="474C41173B225C36EB23F994FC11C0B6" blockId="56.[113,1209,1657,1697]" pageId="56" pageNumber="855">
FIG. 67. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B225C36EB9EF997FDFCC09C" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[204,582,1657,1675]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="56" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapuni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B225C36EB9EF997FEF8C09D" box="[204,322,1657,1674]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="855">Ascidia tapuni</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B225C36E901F997FDDAC09D" bold="true" box="[595,608,1657,1674]" pageId="56" pageNumber="855">A</emphasis>
, face droite du corps sans tunique;
<emphasis id="75879D053B225C36E8C2F997FC27C09D" bold="true" box="[912,925,1657,1674]" pageId="56" pageNumber="855">B</emphasis>
, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale;
<emphasis id="75879D053B225C36EA52F97EFEB4C0B6" bold="true" box="[256,270,1680,1697]" pageId="56" pageNumber="855">C</emphasis>
, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B235C37EB23FDB2FDFFC493" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690183" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690183/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" startId="57.[113,124,604,621]" targetBox="[123,636,221,561]" targetPageId="57">
<paragraph id="474C41173B235C37EB23FDB2FDFFC493" blockId="57.[113,646,603,644]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">
FIG. 68. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B235C37EB9DFDB5FDEAC47A" authority="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[207,592,603,621]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="57" pageNumber="856" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapuni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EB9DFDB5FEFCC47B" box="[207,326,603,620]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Ascidia tapuni</emphasis>
Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
, faces externe (
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EBE8FD9CFF7DC494" bold="true" box="[186,199,626,643]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">A</emphasis>
) et interne (
<emphasis id="75879D053B235C37EA7BFD9CFE8CC494" bold="true" box="[297,310,626,643]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">B</emphasis>
) du tube digestif. Échelle: 5 mm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B235C37EBDAFC5EFE46C2BE" blockId="57.[111,648,723,1320]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">
L’oesophage est étroit (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EA3EFC5EFE72C5DC" box="[364,456,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1186,215,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-19@56.[124,1199,214,1636]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 67. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987: A, face droite du corps sans tunique; B, face externe du corps ouvert par la ligne ventrale; C, détail du bourrelet péripharyngien et du tubercule vibratile. Échelle: A, B, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690181/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Figs 67B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EA85FC5EFE4FC5DC" box="[471,501,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[113,124,604,621]" captionTargetBox="[123,636,221,561]" captionTargetId="figure-15@57.[119,640,215,565]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 68. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, faces externe (A) et interne (B) du tube digestif. Échelle: 5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690183/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">68</figureCitation>
), l’estomac en olive se prolonge en une boucle intestinale mince suivie d’un intestin postérieur extrêmement renflé, sphérique, débouchant par un rectum large qui décrit une seconde boucle ouverte (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EAB7FBC1FD89C25D" box="[485,563,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[113,124,604,621]" captionTargetBox="[123,636,221,561]" captionTargetId="figure-15@57.[119,640,215,565]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 68. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, faces externe (A) et interne (B) du tube digestif. Échelle: 5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690183/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
). L’anus est simple et étroit. Les gonades sont placées sur la face interne de la boucle digestive (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B235C37EA84FB81FD9EC29D" box="[470,548,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[113,124,604,621]" captionTargetBox="[123,636,221,561]" captionTargetId="figure-15@57.[119,640,215,565]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 68. — Ascidia tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987, faces externe (A) et interne (B) du tube digestif. Échelle: 5 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690183/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire est ramifié et l’oviducte est très large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B235C37EBDAFB40FED4C33F" blockId="57.[111,648,723,1320]" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">
Les spécimens d’Indonésie sont tout à fait semblables à ceux de Polynésie et
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B235C37EAD9FB20FDDCC2FE" box="[395,614,1230,1257]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="57" pageNumber="856">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
, ce qui témoigne d’une large répartition géographique de cette espèce discrète.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

218
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<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EBA0FE7BFE7EC7A7" bold="true" box="[242,452,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Eudistoma dioicum</emphasis>
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(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24EAC7FE58FE79C7C6" box="[405,451,438,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">77E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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MATÉRIEL
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. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B305C24EA74FE01FEE7C410" box="[294,349,495,519]" name="Palau" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mid, Koror-Babeldaob Channel,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B305C24EABBFDE7FDEDC436" box="[489,599,521,545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" value="1998-09-12">12.IX.1998</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN5647-W, 2 colonies
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B305C24EAB4FDCBFE4DC42B" box="[486,503,549,572]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
et 1 colonie
<specimenCount id="51F58A9E3B305C24E922FDCBFD3EC42B" box="[624,644,549,572]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(MNHN A3 EUD 237).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EB23FD81FDD4C491" blockId="42.[113,622,621,647]" box="[113,622,621,647]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du grec
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EA20FD83FE3FC492" box="[370,389,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">di</emphasis>
: deux et
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EAB1FD83FDABC492" box="[483,529,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">oikos</emphasis>
: maison.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EB23FD5AFEB8C4DB" blockId="42.[111,649,692,1700]" box="[113,258,692,718]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EB23FD3DFE5FC5FC" blockId="42.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24EA53FD3DFEE5C4F9" box="[257,351,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 77E</figureCitation>
) de couleur verdâtre à l’état vivant deviennent grises une fois fixées. La partie superficielle contient un pigment foncé, l’intérieur de la tunique et les zoïdes sont incolores. La consistance est très molle et on ne distingue que difficilement un groupement des zoïdes en rosettes. Les colonies sont épaisses de
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environ, en coussin de
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de diamètre, mais ce ne sont que des morceaux. Il n’y a pas du tout de sable incrusté.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EBDAFC1EFD87C27D" blockId="42.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24EBAEFC1EFEC9C21C" box="[252,371,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" captionTargetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[104,663,198,1502]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 52. — Eudistoma dioicum n. sp.; A, B, deux zoïdes; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 52A, B</figureCitation>
) sont entourés d’une gaine muqueuse, les moins contractés mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B305C24E975FBFEFDDCC23C" box="[551,614,1040,1067]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
de long.Les 2 siphons sont bordés de 6 lobes très courts, parfois marqués d’un peu de pigment noir.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EBDAFB81FE2BC3B0" blockId="42.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Le thorax est beaucoup plus court que l’abdomen. Il existe une courte région non perforée antérieure à la branchie. Le nombre de stigmates par rang n’a pas pu être compté. La musculature thoracique de fibres longitudinales se prolonge en 2 rubans jusqu’à l’extrémité postérieure de l’abdomen, au delà du coeur. La musculature transverse est forte et serrée sur le thorax. Il y a 1 ou 2 prolongements vasculaires courts à la partie postérieure de l’abdomen.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24EBDAFA45FCF1C704" blockId="42.[111,649,692,1700]" lastBlockId="42.[674,1212,216,781]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Le tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24EA6FFA45FE01C3D1" box="[317,443,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" captionTargetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[104,663,198,1502]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 52. — Eudistoma dioicum n. sp.; A, B, deux zoïdes; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 52A, B</figureCitation>
) forme une boucle dont les branches sont rectilignes en l’absence de contraction. L’estomac est dissymétrique suivi d’un post-estomac, puis d’un intestin moyen en olive. Le rectum débute au fond de la boucle intestinale. Les différents compartiments de l’intestin sont peu marqués, ou pas du tout, chez de nombreux zoïdes. Le coeur se situe en grande partie posté- rieurement à la boucle intestinale, surtout chez les zoïdes femelles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9E9FEF9FBE5C7C6" blockId="42.[674,1212,216,781]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Chaque colonie a des zoïdes d’un seul sexe, les gonades sont soit mâles soit femelles. Elles sont placées dans la boucle intestinale. Le testicule (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24E9FDFE98FCABC786" box="[687,785,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" captionTargetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[104,663,198,1502]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 52. — Eudistoma dioicum n. sp.; A, B, deux zoïdes; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 52B</figureCitation>
) est constitué de nombreuses vésicules sphériques. L’ovaire (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24E8DBFE78FC51C7A6" box="[905,1003,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" captionTargetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[104,663,198,1502]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 52. — Eudistoma dioicum n. sp.; A, B, deux zoïdes; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 52A</figureCitation>
) contient plusieurs ovocytes à des stades divers d’incubation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9E9FE3BFC9EC427" blockId="42.[674,1212,216,781]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">L’incubation des larves n’a pas lieu dans la cavité cloacale thoracique mais dans l’oviducte le long de l’oesophage.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9E9FDDAFBA6C51A" blockId="42.[674,1212,216,781]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24E87DFDDAFC35C458" box="[815,911,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" captionTargetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-15@41.[104,663,198,1502]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIG. 52. — Eudistoma dioicum n. sp.; A, B, deux zoïdes; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 52C</figureCitation>
) ne se trouvent que dans les colonies femelles. Le tronc mesure 0,65 mm. Les 3 papilles adhésives alignées sont épaisses, bien écartées. Elles sont intercalées avec 4 vésicules épidermiques épaisses, et quelques éléments filiformes. La queue ne décrit que ½ tour. Ocelle et otolithe sont présents ainsi que 3 rangs de stigmates nets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9F7FCDCFC9DC55D" blockId="42.[674,1212,818,1098]" box="[677,807,818,844]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9F7FCBFFC25C25D" blockId="42.[674,1212,818,1098]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
Cette espèce se distingue de tous les autres
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B305C24EF02FCBFFB03C57C" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1909" box="[1104,1209,849,875]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EF02FCBFFB03C57C" box="[1104,1209,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Eudistoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par ses colonies de sexes séparés. L’incubation des larves dans la région oesophagienne de l’abdomen est également un caractère particulier.La consistance très molle des colonies et la répartition du pigment foncé dans la couche supérieure de la tunique seulement, devraient permettre de reconnaître plus facilement cette espèce.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B305C24E9AAFB60FC80C38F" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9AAFB60FBDCC2BE" blockId="42.[760,1126,1166,1225]" box="[760,1126,1166,1193]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B305C24E85AFB60FBDCC2BE" authority="Kott, 1957" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1957" box="[776,1126,1166,1193]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24E85AFB60FC5DC2BE" bold="true" box="[776,999,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Eudistoma globosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B305C24E8BCFB60FBDCC2BE" author="KOTT P." box="[1006,1126,1166,1193]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" pagination="64 - 110" refId="ref36284" refString="KOTT P. 1957. - Th e ascidians of Australia. II. Aplouso- branchiata Lahille: Clavelinidae Forbes &amp; Hanley and Polyclinidae Verrill. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8 (1): 64 - 110." type="journal article" year="1957">Kott, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E8D2FB40FC64C2DE" blockId="42.[760,1126,1166,1225]" box="[896,990,1198,1225]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B305C24E8DAFB40FC6CC2DE" box="[904,982,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[113,124,609,626]" captionTargetBox="[121,640,220,544]" captionTargetId="figure-15@43.[113,645,215,552]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 53. —? Eudistoma globosum Kott, 1957, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690133/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9F7FB09FCB0C30E" blockId="42.[677,1209,1255,1305]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B305C24E9F7FB09FCB0C30E" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B305C24E9F7FB09FB99C2E8" author="KOTT P." box="[677,1059,1255,1279]" page="72" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" year="1957">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B305C24E9F7FB09FB99C2E8" authority="Kott, 1957: 72" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="72" authorityYear="1957" box="[677,1059,1255,1279]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24E9F7FB09FCCCC2E8" box="[677,886,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Eudistoma globosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B305C24E8D2FB09FB99C2E8" author="KOTT P." box="[896,1059,1255,1279]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" pagination="64 - 110" refId="ref36284" refString="KOTT P. 1957. - Th e ascidians of Australia. II. Aplouso- branchiata Lahille: Clavelinidae Forbes &amp; Hanley and Polyclinidae Verrill. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8 (1): 64 - 110." type="journal article" year="1957">Kott, 1957: 72</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B305C24EF6AFB09FB0FC2E8" author="KOTT P." box="[1080,1205,1255,1279]" page="210" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B305C24EF6AFB09FB0FC2E8" author="KOTT P." box="[1080,1205,1255,1279]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">1990a: 210</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 79a-d.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9F7FADFFC80C38F" blockId="42.[677,1210,1329,1432]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24E8C3FADFFC75C35E" bold="true" box="[913,975,1329,1353]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B305C24E8C3FADFFC70C35E" box="[913,970,1329,1353]" name="Palau" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Toachel Mlengui, West Channel,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B305C24E854FAA2FCCAC373" box="[774,880,1356,1380]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="32.42" orientation="latitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" precision="9" value="7.5403333">7°32.42’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B305C24E829FAA2FC42C373" box="[891,1016,1356,1380]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.37" orientation="longitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" precision="9" value="134.47284">134°28.37’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B305C24EF56FAA2FB94C373" box="[1028,1070,1356,1380]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B305C24EF6BFAA2FB0CC373" box="[1081,1206,1356,1380]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" value="1997-12-11">11.XII.1997</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN5049-W, 3 colonies (MNHN A3 EUD 208).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B305C25E9F7FA22FC9DC7E7" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="842" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C24E9F7FA22FC8FC3F3" blockId="42.[674,1210,1484,1700]" box="[677,821,1484,1510]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B305C25E9F7FA05FE4FC33F" blockId="42.[674,1210,1484,1700]" lastBlockId="43.[111,649,723,1510]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="842" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">Les 3 colonies ont un aspect un peu différent: l’une est nettement pédonculée et mesure 2,5 cm de haut; les autres, plus basses, sont épaisses de 1,5 cm. La base est entièrement incrustée de sable mais la partie superficielle en est dépourvue et a une coloration bleu-noir qui persiste dans le formol. La tunique contient de nombreuses pelotes fécales dans toute son épaisseur. Les zoïdes sont incolores mais la tunique à leur contact contient d’abondantes cellules rondes foncées. Les zoïdes forment des systèmes étoilés en surface des colonies. Les orifices cloacaux sont groupés mais sans dépression centrale. Le siphon cloacal est plus long que le siphon buccal. Le thorax est long, le nombre de stigmates n’a pas pu être compté, le premier rang est relevé dorsalement. La musculature thoracique constituée de fibres longitudinales et transverses entrecroisées est très forte. Le tube digestif a les segments habituels, le rectum se courbe au-dessus de l’estomac par contraction seulement. La glande pylorique s’étend en tubules longitudinaux parallèles. Les gonades sont logées dans la boucle digestive avec de nombreux lobules testiculaires et un gros ovocyte central. Des cellules contenant un matériel cristallin sont présentes dans le manteau au niveau de l’abdomen.</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B315C25EB23FD8FFF03C49F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690133/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" startId="43.[113,124,609,626]" targetBox="[121,640,220,544]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25EB23FD8FFF03C49F" blockId="43.[113,646,608,648]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
FIG. 53. —?
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B315C25EBB7FD8EFDBBC465" authority="Kott, 1957" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1957" box="[229,513,608,626]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B315C25EBB7FD8EFE26C466" box="[229,412,608,625]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Eudistoma globosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B315C25EAF1FD8FFDBBC465" author="KOTT P." box="[419,513,609,626]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" pagination="64 - 110" refId="ref36284" refString="KOTT P. 1957. - Th e ascidians of Australia. II. Aplouso- branchiata Lahille: Clavelinidae Forbes &amp; Hanley and Polyclinidae Verrill. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8 (1): 64 - 110." type="journal article" year="1957">Kott, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25EBDAFAC3FD98C3F1" blockId="43.[111,649,723,1510]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
Une grosse larve de
<quantity id="800BECF23B315C25EA0DFAC3FE1AC35F" box="[351,416,1325,1352]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
pour le tronc occupe la cavité péribranchiale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B315C25EAD6FAA2FE62C370" box="[388,472,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[113,124,609,626]" captionTargetBox="[121,640,220,544]" captionTargetId="figure-15@43.[113,645,215,552]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 53. —? Eudistoma globosum Kott, 1957, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690133" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690133/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
). Les 3 papilles adhésives sont bordées de 4 larges vésicules de chaque côté; il n’y a pas de vésicules impaires, mais les vésicules réunies en paires sont étroitement accolées entre les papilles adhésives bien écartées.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25EB23F9E5FF49C034" blockId="43.[111,648,1547,1700]" box="[113,243,1547,1573]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25EB23F9C4FC9DC7E7" blockId="43.[111,648,1547,1700]" lastBlockId="43.[675,1211,216,496]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
La structure des colonies associée à la couleur foncée de la tunique superficielle incitent à placer nos échantillons dans l’espèce
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B315C25EAC3F984FDB5C094" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1957" box="[401,527,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="globosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B315C25EAC3F984FDB5C094" box="[401,527,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">E. globosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mais sans certitude. La larve est plus petite que celle décrite par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B315C25E99EFF36FCEDC6E4" author="KOTT P." box="[716,855,216,243]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
(dans le texte un tronc de 1,7 mm et 1,4 mm sur le dessin), mais
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B315C25E8B9FF16FBD6C704" author="KOTT P." box="[1003,1132,248,275]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" pagination="64 - 110" refId="ref36284" refString="KOTT P. 1957. - Th e ascidians of Australia. II. Aplouso- branchiata Lahille: Clavelinidae Forbes &amp; Hanley and Polyclinidae Verrill. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8 (1): 64 - 110." type="journal article" year="1957">Kott (1957)</bibRefCitation>
donne pour la larve une taille de 0,9 mm. Dans ces larves, quatre vésicules impaires alternent avec les papilles adhésives, il est possible que des vésicules doubles n’aient pas été vues. D’autre part la taille des larves n’est généralement pas aussi variable dans une même espèce. La présence de plus d’une espèce est possible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="1C04F67B3B315C25E865FDDAFBD9C478" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B315C25E865FDDAFBD9C478" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inauratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B315C25E865FDDAFB9DC459" bold="true" box="[823,1063,564,591]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Eudistoma inauratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
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</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B315C25E833FD9AFC47C498" box="[865,1021,628,655]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25E833FD9AFC47C498" blockId="43.[763,1123,564,655]" box="[865,1021,628,655]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
(
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;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B315C25E89BFD9AFC4FC498" box="[969,1013,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">77F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B315C25E9F7FD43FBF7C225" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25E9F7FD43FB80C4C8" blockId="43.[675,1210,685,735]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B315C25E9F7FD43FD71C4C8" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: 241" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inauratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B315C25E9F7FD43FCCBC4D3" box="[677,881,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Eudistoma inauratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: 241
</taxonomicName>
, figs 31, 117A (
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, Jellyfish Lake).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25E9F7FD19FBF7C225" blockId="43.[677,1212,759,1074]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B315C25E8F6FD19FC5FC518" bold="true" box="[932,997,759,783]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B315C25E8F6FD19FC5BC518" box="[932,993,759,783]" name="Palau" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Mecherchar Island, Ongeim’l Tketau, Jellyfish Lake, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B315C25EF65FCFFFB0FC53E" box="[1079,1205,785,809]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" value="2004-07-10">10.VII.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, OTM16 (MNHN A3 EUD 307). — Ngeruktabel Island, Ngeruktabel Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25E9F7FC8FFCAAC56E" box="[677,784,865,889]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="16.80" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="9" value="7.28">7°16.80’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25E84EFC8FFC26C56E" box="[796,924,865,889]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="25.92" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="9" value="134.432">134°25.92’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B315C25E8A1FC8FFBDDC56E" box="[1011,1127,865,889]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" value="2004-04-12">12.IV.2004</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, NLN066 (MNHN A3 EUD 309). — Ngeruktabel Island, Tee Lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25EF1BFC78FB0DC5B9" box="[1097,1207,918,942]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="18.42" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="9" value="7.307">7°18.42’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25E9F4FC5EFCADC5DF" box="[678,791,944,968]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="92" value="134.47166">134°28.3’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B315C25E83BFC5EFC61C5DF" box="[873,987,944,968]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" value="2005-04-20">20.IV.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, TLN01 (MNHN A3 EUD 307). — Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25EF1EFC0BFB0FC5EA" box="[1100,1205,997,1021]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="15.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="9" value="7.254">7°15.24’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B315C25E9F7FC11FC98C200" box="[677,802,1023,1047]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="28.31" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" precision="9" value="134.47183">134°28.31’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B315C25E821FC11FC66C200" box="[883,988,1023,1047]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" value="2005-05-18">18.V.2005</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN040 (MNHN A3 EUD 307).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B315C22E9F7FBA1FF49C3F3" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="843" pageId="43" pageNumber="842" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25E9F7FBA1FC8FC270" blockId="43.[674,1211,1103,1700]" box="[677,821,1103,1129]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C25E9F7FB81FBB5C011" blockId="43.[674,1211,1103,1700]" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
Les colonies de cette espèce sont fréquentes dans les lacs marins de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B315C25E86BFB60FCC8C2BE" box="[825,882,1166,1193]" name="Palau" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Palau</collectingCountry>
avec des couleurs très variables, jaune ou noir, toutes les colonies deviennent très sombres après fixation.Les lobes, dressés sur une base commune (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B315C25E84CFB03FCC4C31F" box="[798,894,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Fig. 77F</figureCitation>
), ont un diamètre qui atteint
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pour une hauteur de
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. Les thorax sont gonflés et donnent une image de « bulles» en surface des colonies, ce qui obscurcit la disposition en systèmes circulaires autour d’une dépression centrale. La tunique ne contient un peu de sédiment que dans la couche basale, les lobes en sont dépourvus. Les cellules pigmentaires ne sont présentes que dans la tunique, les zoïdes sont incolores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B315C22E9E9F9E4FE84C7C6" blockId="43.[674,1211,1103,1700]" lastBlockId="44.[111,649,216,1447]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="843" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">
Selon leur maturité les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B315C25E8AEF9E4FBE0C032" box="[1020,1114,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[677,688,1252,1269]" captionTargetBox="[684,1199,218,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[677,1205,215,1212]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 54. — Eudistoma inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: A, zoïde; B, C, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690137/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="842">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
) ont une longueur très variable. Un individu de
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a un thorax de
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seulement.Les siphons ont chacun 6 lobes courts. Le manteau est peu épais.
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le thorax les fibres musculaires sont régulièrement espacées, les fibres transverses sont plus nombreuses que les fibres longitudinales.
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l’abdomen les 2 rubans musculaires se terminent en boutons saillants à l’extrémité du corps. Les tentacules buccaux sont disposés en 3 cercles. Un large espace imperforé est antérieur à la branchie. La branchie compte au moins 20 stigmates de chaque côté dans le premier rang un peu relevé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B365C22EBDAFE3BFEB6C51A" blockId="44.[111,649,216,1447]" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">
L’abdomen est renflé dans sa partie postérieure (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B365C22EB29FE1BFF59C407" box="[123,227,501,528]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[677,688,1252,1269]" captionTargetBox="[684,1199,218,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[677,1205,215,1212]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 54. — Eudistoma inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: A, zoïde; B, C, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690137/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
). L’estomac est ovale suivi d’un postestomac étroit. L’intestin moyen est nettement isolé par des étranglements. L’intestin postérieur débute au fond de la boucle par un élargissement. La boucle digestive est droite. L’anus s’ouvre au niveau du deuxième rang de stigmates. Les lobules testiculaires arrondis sont très nombreux et s’étendent en avant de l’estomac (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B365C22EA30FD3DFE7EC4F9" box="[354,452,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[677,688,1252,1269]" captionTargetBox="[684,1199,218,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[677,1205,215,1212]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 54. — Eudistoma inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: A, zoïde; B, C, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690137/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
), l’ovaire est placé en leur centre.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B365C22EBDAFCFCFDDBC3B0" blockId="44.[111,649,216,1447]" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">
Les embryons sont incubés tout le long de l’oviducte, dans l’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B365C22EA28FCDCFE65C55A" box="[378,479,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[677,688,1252,1269]" captionTargetBox="[684,1199,218,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[677,1205,215,1212]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 54. — Eudistoma inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: A, zoïde; B, C, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690137/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
). Les larves, en fin de développement, se trouvent encore dans l’abdomen, sous le thorax. Elles mesurent
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pour le tronc. La queue décrit à peine un demi-tour. Ocelle, otolithe et 2 rangs de stigmates sont visibles. Les 3 papilles adhésives ne sont pas équidistantes, quel que soit le nombre de vésicules intermédiaires. Ces dernières varient en nombre et en longueur selon les larves d’une même colonie (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B365C22E94FFBC1FF33C27D" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[677,688,1252,1269]" captionTargetBox="[684,1199,218,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-19@44.[677,1205,215,1212]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 54. — Eudistoma inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001: A, zoïde; B, C, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690137/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Fig. 54B, C</figureCitation>
). Les vésicules sont impaires: 1 à 3 dorsales, 1 à 2 entre les papilles adhésives, 3 à 5 entre les 2 papilles suivantes et 1 vésicule ou 1 rangée ventrale. Quelques éléments filiformes sont intercalés. On trouve aussi des larves à 2 ou 4 papilles adhésives avec une fréquence qui laisse supposer une action de la dessalure du milieu. En effet les animaux vivent très près de la surface de l’eau dont la salinité atteint 25 à 27 ‰. Dans l’une des colonies fixées les larves étaient rouges, couleur qui a rapidement disparu, et qui est peut-être la couleur des larves vivantes.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B365C22E9F7FB0AFCA3C334" blockId="44.[677,1209,1252,1315]" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">
FIG. 54. —
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<emphasis id="75879D053B365C22E9ADFB0AFC0AC2E2" box="[767,944,1252,1269]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Eudistoma inauratum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
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:
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, zoïde;
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,
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, larves de deux colonies. Échelles: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0,5 mm.
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</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B365C22EB23FA22FF49C3F3" blockId="44.[111,648,1484,1700]" box="[113,243,1484,1510]" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">REMARQUES</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B365C22EB23FA05FEE8C013" box="[113,338,1515,1541]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="44" pageNumber="843" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inauratum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B365C22EB23FA05FEE8C013" box="[113,338,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Eudistoma inauratum</emphasis>
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se singularise par ses colonies lobées, l’incubation des larves dans l’abdomen, et les siphons protubérants en surface des colonies.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B365C22EB21F9A5FE30C072" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[115,394,1610,1637]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="44" pageNumber="843" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="loricatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B365C22EB21F9A5FF55C073" box="[115,239,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">E. loricatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B365C22EBA9F9A4FE38C072" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[251,386,1610,1637]" pageId="44" pageNumber="843" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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a également des colonies lobées, mais pâles, incrustées de sable; les zoïdes sont plus petits avec moins de stigmates, les larves sont inconnues.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B365C22E80AFA82FB83C391" box="[856,1081,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Eudistoma incubitum</emphasis>
Kott, 1990
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est blanc avec des zoïdes courts; les larves sont incubées dans l’abdomen mais sont de forme très différente.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B365C22E852F9C7FC00C053" bold="true" box="[768,954,1577,1604]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="843">Eudistoma viride</emphasis>
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, pl. 4, figs 1-5. — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2001: 247, figs 36, 177F et synonymie.
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B375C23EA03FF39FE09C6F8" box="[337,435,215,239]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
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, Kakaban marine lake,
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,
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, 0,5 m,
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, coll. L. J. Bell, DKK012 (MNHN A3 EUD 327).
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<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FE99FF49C798" blockId="45.[111,649,375,908]" box="[113,243,375,401]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">REMARQUES</paragraph>
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Les colonies de cette espèce, de couleur jaune pâle, sont constituées d’une touffe de lobes allongés minces parfois divisés par dichotomie. La tunique ne contient pas de pigment foncé. Les zoïdes ont un manteau incolore, mais il existe deux taches noires peu étendues, l’une en haut de l’endostyle et l’autre au dessus du ganglion nerveux. Les larves incubées dans la cavité péribranchiale mesurent
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. Les trois papilles adhésives sont séparées par quatre vésicules épaisses dont l’une est parfois dédoublée.
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<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EBDAFD1CFF63C59B" blockId="45.[111,649,375,908]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Cette espèce est largement répartie dans l’océan Pacifique, mais ici la coloration est plus pâle et les lobes des colonies plus allongés. Cet aspect pourrait être dû à une salinité du lac plus faible que celle du lagon.</paragraph>
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<mods:number id="5C85AB31F1EBFC9A2030744878A17C2E">30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E42B850CC06AFC41C36E767238EFE200">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5A1D554B190EB41B39E05DD8CA3F6F6E">799</mods:start>
<mods:end id="185B5024CB29289BAB0E9CE1E60067AE">872</mods:end>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B375C3FEBBFFC3EFBD7C6E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893698" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485193" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893698" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B375C3FEBBFFC3EFBD7C6E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B375C3FEBBFFC3EFBD7C6E4" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B375C23EBBFFC3EFDB1C5FC" box="[237,523,976,1003]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EBBFFC3EFDB1C5FC" blockId="45.[237,523,976,1035]" box="[237,523,976,1003]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B375C23EBBFFC3EFDB1C5FC" box="[237,523,976,1003]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B375C23EBBFFC3EFE73C5FD" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[237,457,976,1003]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="partitum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EBBFFC3EFE73C5FD" bold="true" box="[237,457,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Eudistoma partitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B375C23EA82FC3EFDB1C5FC" box="[464,523,976,1003]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B375C23EA44FC1EFE58C21C" box="[278,482,1008,1035]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EA44FC1EFE58C21C" blockId="45.[237,523,976,1035]" box="[278,482,1008,1035]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23EA4FFC1EFED7C21C" box="[285,365,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Figs 55</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23EA2CFC1EFE20C21C" box="[382,410,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="47.[113,124,559,576]" captionTargetBox="[115,623,233,515]" captionTargetId="figure-15@47.[115,645,214,515]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIG. 56. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp., boucle digestive. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690143/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">56</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23EAFEFC1EFE60C21C" box="[428,474,1008,1035]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">78A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B375C21EB23FBDEFC4CC704" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="846" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FBDEFF5EC280" blockId="45.[113,648,1072,1175]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<materialsCitation id="F79B4B4A3B375C23EB23FBDEFF5EC280" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3125611301" collectingDate="2005-06-13" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="L. J. Bell &amp; L. E. Martin" country="Palau" latitude="7.3186665" location="Ngermeuangel Island" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="134.50667" municipality="Flatworm Lake" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" specimenCode="A3, EUD 324" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B375C23EB23FBDEFF61C251" box="[113,219,1072,1095]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EA55FBDEFEFEC25F" bold="true" box="[263,324,1072,1096]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B375C23EA55FBDEFEFAC25F" box="[263,320,1072,1096]" name="Palau" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<location id="422C17CC3B375C23EA18FBDEFDA4C25F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B375C3FEBBFFC3EFBD7C6E4:422C17CC3B375C23EA18FBDEFDA4C25F" box="[330,542,1072,1096]" country="Palau" latitude="7.3186665" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="134.50667" municipality="Flatworm Lake" name="Ngermeuangel Island" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Ngermeuangel Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A728DB6D3B375C23E975FBDEFF1EC275" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Flatworm Lake</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23EBE3FBA4FEA5C275" box="[177,287,1098,1122]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="19.12" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="9" value="7.3186665">7°19.12’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23EA79FBA4FE15C275" box="[299,431,1098,1122]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30.40" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="9" value="134.50667">134°30.40’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B375C23E95AFBA4FD3BC275" box="[520,641,1098,1122]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" value="2005-06-13">
<collectingDate id="23099E3F3B375C23E95AFBA4FD3BC275" box="[520,641,1098,1122]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" value="2005-06-13">13.VI.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="EA0624C13B375C23EBF7FB8AFF44C26B" box="[165,254,1124,1148]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">L. J. Bell</collectorName>
et
<collectorName id="EA0624C13B375C23EA72FB8AFE1BC26B" box="[288,417,1124,1148]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">L. E. Martin</collectorName>
, FLK033 (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23E95DFB8AFDD9C26B" box="[527,611,1124,1148]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">MNHN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B375C23E93EFB8AFD32C26B" box="[620,648,1124,1148]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">A3</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="1755E96C3B375C23EB21FB91FF63C280" box="[115,217,1151,1175]" collectionCode="EUD" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">EUD 324</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FB58FEDFC30A" blockId="45.[111,648,1205,1414]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23EB23FB58FEDFC2DA" box="[113,357,1206,1230]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</collectionCode>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EADFFB5BFE73C2DA" bold="true" box="[397,457,1205,1229]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B375C23EADFFB5BFE7FC2DA" box="[397,453,1205,1229]" name="Palau" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Palau</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Ngeruktabel Island, Uet er a Ngchas, marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23EAC2FB3EFE40C2FF" box="[400,506,1232,1256]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="15.24" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="9" value="7.254">7°15.24’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23E951FB3EFD3AC2FF" box="[515,640,1232,1256]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="20.64" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="9" value="134.344">134°20.64’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B375C23EBE2FB04FEAFC315" box="[176,277,1258,1282]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" value="2005-05-20">
20.
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23EB9FFB04FF65C315" box="[205,223,1258,1282]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.2005
</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell et L. E. Martin, ULN060 (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23EB25FAEBFF71C30A" box="[119,203,1285,1309]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">MNHN</collectionCode>
A3
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23EBA6FAEBFE93C30A" box="[244,297,1285,1309]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">EUD</collectionCode>
326).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FAF1FEBFC391" blockId="45.[111,648,1205,1414]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EB23FAF1FF6CC320" bold="true" box="[113,214,1311,1335]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B375C23EB23FAF1FF68C320" box="[113,210,1311,1335]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E.
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B375C23EA66FAF1FE1CC320" box="[308,422,1311,1335]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Maratua Island, Danau Haji Buang, marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23EA21FAD4FE53C345" box="[371,489,1338,1362]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="08.444" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="1" value="2.1407332">2°08.444’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B375C23EAA7FAD4FD3AC345" box="[501,640,1338,1362]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30.600" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" precision="1" value="118.51">118°30.600’E</geoCoordinate>
, 0,5 m,
<date id="334D67D73B375C23EBE9FABAFE9CC37B" box="[187,294,1364,1388]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" value="2003-10-23">23.X.2003</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, HBM012 (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23E966FABAFD32C37B" box="[564,648,1364,1388]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">MNHN</collectionCode>
A3
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B375C23EBC6FA80FF73C391" box="[148,201,1390,1414]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">EUD</collectionCode>
325).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FA71FDA3C3A1" blockId="45.[113,537,1438,1463]" box="[113,537,1438,1463]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B375C23EA25FA71FE71C3A1" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[375,459,1439,1462]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="partitum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EA25FA71FE71C3A1" box="[375,459,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">partitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: divisé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23FA05FEB8C014" blockId="45.[111,649,1515,1700]" box="[113,258,1515,1541]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23EB23F9E4FBF2C458" blockId="45.[111,649,1515,1700]" lastBlockId="45.[674,1212,216,1700]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23EA58F9E4FED4C032" box="[266,366,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="69.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@69.[125,1199,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIG. 78. — A, Eudistoma partitum n. sp.; B, Rhopalaea macrothorax Tokioka,1953; C, Ecteinascidia nexa Sluiter, 1904; D, Perophora longigaster n. sp.; E, Ascidia gemmata Sluiter, 1885; F, A. tapuni Monniot C. &amp; Monniot F., 1987." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893748/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig. 78A</figureCitation>
) sont en croûtes épaisses d’où émergent des lobes arrondis, à base rétrécie. Le diamètre du plus gros lobe observé est de
<quantity id="800BECF23B375C23E95EF9A4FDE3C072" box="[524,601,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
.Du sable est contenu dans l’ensemble des colonies, moins dense dans la partie dressée en lobes. Les ouvertures buccales des zoïdes en surface ont 6 lobes saillants qui contiennent aussi des particules sédimentaires fines. La tunique est vitreuse et contient des cellules vacuolaires qui donnent aux colonies une consistance spongieuse.Les zoïdes occupent toute l’épaisseur des colonies, mais seuls ceux qui se trouvent dans les lobes dressés ont leurs siphons ouverts à l’extérieur. Les particules de sable sont arrangées de façon radiaire en surface autour des orifices des siphons buccaux disposés en cercles, ce qui donne un aspect étoilé
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EFF6FE18FD6EC439" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">in vivo.</emphasis>
La partie basale compacte de la tunique contient de grosses inclusions (vertes en formol).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23E9E9FDBAFC36C032" blockId="45.[674,1212,216,1700]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E879FDBAFC39C478" box="[811,899,596,623]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig. 55A</figureCitation>
) ont un thorax perpendiculaire à la surface des colonies, mais les abdomens sont entrecroisés sans ordre. Le siphon buccal a 6 lobes allongés dont le plus dorsal est parfois plus long. Les tentacules sont très nombreux, ceux du cercle postérieur sont nettement plus longs que ceux qui s’étendent sur toute la face interne du siphon. Les 3 rangs de stigmates sont de longueur à peu près égale, le premier rang peu relevé dorsalement. Plus de 25 stigmates ont pu être comptés de chaque côté dans le deuxième rang. Les languettes du raphé sont plus courtes qu’un stigmate.L’abdomen est beaucoup plus long que le thorax et peut atteindre
<quantity id="800BECF23B375C23EF5CFC3EFBFBC5FC" box="[1038,1089,976,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23EF1FFC3EFB16C5FC" box="[1101,1196,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig. 55A</figureCitation>
). Sa partie postérieure, qui contient l’estomac et les gonades, est élargie et possède des prolongements vasculaires.L’estomac est asymétrique, arrondi antérieurement et brusquement tronqué postérieurement. Le post-estomac est mince, particulièrement long comparé à la forme moyenne dans le genre
<emphasis id="75879D053B375C23EF1EFB60FB01C2BF" box="[1100,1211,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B375C23EF1EFB60FB0DC2BF" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1909" box="[1100,1207,1166,1192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="45" pageNumber="844" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Eudistoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Une ampoule lui fait suite, puis un intestin moyen court et large bien délimité qui forme le fond de la boucle digestive (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E803FB03FC0AC31F" box="[849,944,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Figs 55C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E8ECFB03FC67C31F" box="[958,989,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="47.[113,124,559,576]" captionTargetBox="[115,623,233,515]" captionTargetId="figure-15@47.[115,645,214,515]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIG. 56. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp., boucle digestive. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690143/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">56</figureCitation>
). L’intestin postérieur débute par une partie nettement élargie avec une protubérance postérieure et une côte longitudinale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E9FEFAA2FC8FC370" box="[684,821,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Figs 55C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E81AFAA2FCDDC370" box="[840,871,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="47.[113,124,559,576]" captionTargetBox="[115,623,233,515]" captionTargetId="figure-15@47.[115,645,214,515]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIG. 56. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp., boucle digestive. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690143/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">56</figureCitation>
), il est ensuite rectiligne. Cette partie du tube digestif a une morphologie constante chez tous les zoïdes. La boucle intestinale est droite. La glande pylorique (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E82DFA45FC67C3D1" box="[895,989,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig. 55C</figureCitation>
) est constituée d’une accumulation d’ampoules autour du rectum, face à l’estomac et le canal pylorique débouche au milieu de la paroi stomacale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C23E9E9F9C4FBC7C093" blockId="45.[674,1212,216,1700]" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
Les gonades sont situées seulement à gauche du tube digestif (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E86EF9A4FC1FC072" box="[828,933,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig. 55D</figureCitation>
). Les lobules testiculaires peuvent être nombreux. L’ovaire est central.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B375C20E9E9F967FC32C0B3" blockId="45.[674,1212,216,1700]" lastBlockId="46.[677,1210,1610,1700]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="845" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B375C23E87AF967FC20C0B3" box="[808,922,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" captionTargetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" captionTargetId="figure-19@46.[76,1229,201,1548]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 55. — Eudistoma partitum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, thorax; C, partie postérieure du tube digestif; D, gonades; E, F, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="844">Fig.55E, F</figureCitation>
) sont incubées dans la cavité péribranchiale où l’on peut en compter jusqu’à 5. Le tronc mesure de 0,5 mm à 0,55 mm. La queue décrit un demi-tour et se replie sous le tronc. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont bordées de 4 paires de vésicules bifides dont la forme varie chez les larves d’une même colonie.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B345C20EB23FA01FEFCC000" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690139" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690139" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690139/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="845" startId="46.[113,124,1519,1536]" targetBox="[111,1216,218,1480]" targetPageId="46">
<paragraph id="474C41173B345C20EB23FA01FEFCC000" blockId="46.[113,1209,1456,1559]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">
FIG. 55. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B345C20EB9EFA00FED4C3E8" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[204,366,1518,1535]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="46" pageNumber="845" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="partitum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20EB9EFA00FED4C3E8" box="[204,366,1518,1535]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">Eudistoma partitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B345C20EA26FA01FE1EC017" box="[372,420,1519,1536]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20EAFDFA00FE06C3E8" bold="true" box="[431,444,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20E952FA00FDB7C3E8" bold="true" box="[512,525,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">B</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20E90BFA00FDDDC3E8" bold="true" box="[601,615,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">C</emphasis>
, partie postérieure du tube digestif;
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20E8CAFA00FC1CC3E8" bold="true" box="[920,934,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">D</emphasis>
, gonades;
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20EF57FA00FBABC3E8" bold="true" box="[1029,1041,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B345C20EF49FA00FB9CC3E8" bold="true" box="[1051,1062,1518,1535]" pageId="46" pageNumber="845">F</emphasis>
, larves. Échelles: A-D, 1 mm; E, F, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B355C21EB23FDC1FF0DC440" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690143/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" startId="47.[113,124,559,576]" targetBox="[115,623,233,515]" targetPageId="47">
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21EB23FDC1FF0DC440" blockId="47.[113,646,558,599]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
FIG. 56. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EB9FFDC0FECAC428" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[205,368,558,575]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="partitum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EB9FFDC0FECAC428" box="[205,368,558,575]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma partitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B355C21EA24FDC1FE12C457" box="[374,424,559,576]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, boucle digestive. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21EB23FD7AFF49C4BB" blockId="47.[111,649,660,1700]" box="[113,243,660,686]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21EB23FD5DFF4FC31F" blockId="47.[111,649,660,1700]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
L’identification des espèces ensablées du genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EB26FD3DFF59C4FA" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1909" box="[116,227,723,749]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EB26FD3DFF59C4FA" box="[116,227,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est particulièrement difficile, l’arrangement des zoïdes dans la colonie est peu visible. La quantité de sable incrusté dépend de la localité de récolte. La distinction entre des formes encroûtantes ou présentant plusieurs lobes bas, dépend de la taille des colonies et de leur état de maturation.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EB21FC7FFEF5C5BC" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[115,335,913,939]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="partitum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EB21FC7FFEF5C5BC" box="[115,335,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma partitum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B355C21EA0BFC7FFE22C5BB" box="[345,408,913,940]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
se distingue d’autres espèces ensablées par le dessin de surface dû à la disposition des particules sableuses et par des lobes buccaux saillants, par la structure des colonies avec des lobes dressés sur une base commune, par la structure du tube digestif, par la taille des larves. Il s’y ajoute la présence d’inclusions de symbiontes dans la tunique. Ces caractères sont constants à la fois à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21EBBDFB60FE97C2BE" box="[239,301,1166,1193]" name="Palau" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Palau</collectingCountry>
et en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21EA29FB60FE54C2BE" box="[379,494,1166,1193]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
, des localités géographiquement éloignées, mais toujours dans le même milieu: à faible profondeur dans des lacs marins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21EBDAFAE3FE06C0B3" blockId="47.[111,649,660,1700]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
D’autres espèces ensablées peuvent être confondues.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EBF8FAC3FE46C35F" authority="(Sluiter, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[170,508,1325,1352]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amplum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EBF8FAC3FEDDC350" box="[170,359,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma amplum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21EA20FAC3FE4FC35F" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[370,501,1325,1352]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref38149" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1909. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. II. Die merosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 B: 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1909">Sluiter, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
a des colonies massives avec symbiontes, des larves plus grosses, un arrangement différent des zoïdes.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21E944FA82FE23C3B0" authority="(Herdman, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ovatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21E944FA82FF79C3B2" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma ovatum</emphasis>
(Herdman, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
a des lobes buccaux saillants, la boucle digestive a une double torsion marquée.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EB8DFA25FD3CC3F1" authority="(Herdman, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[223,646,1483,1510]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriforme">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EB8DFA25FE00C3F2" box="[223,442,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma pyriforme</emphasis>
(Herdman, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
n’a pas de symbiontes connus, la boucle digestive est tordue, les colonies sont lobées; la larve décrite par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21EBCEF9C4FEF6C052" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[156,332,1578,1605]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="115 - 150" refId="ref38209" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1950. - Ascidians from the Palao Islands. I. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 1 (3): 115 - 150." type="journal article" year="1950">Tokioka (1950)</bibRefCitation>
provenant de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21EAA0F9C4FD94C052" box="[498,558,1578,1605]" name="Palau" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Palau</collectingCountry>
est très différente.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EBBEF9A4FD3CC072" authority="Monniot F., 1988" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1988" box="[236,646,1610,1637]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EBBEF9A4FE09C073" box="[236,435,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma vulgare</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1988
</taxonomicName>
n’est pas lobé, l’intestin postérieur présente une torsion, la larve est plus petite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9A3FF39FC4CC704" blockId="47.[753,1133,215,275]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21E9A3FF39FBD7C6E4" authority="Tokioka, 1954" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[753,1133,215,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21E9A3FF39FC73C6E5" bold="true" box="[753,969,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma snakabri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21E89DFF36FBD7C6E4" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[975,1133,216,243]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21E83DFF16FC05C704" box="[879,959,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[113,124,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,218,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-19@48.[111,648,213,1394]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 57. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954; A, zoïde; B, région stomacale; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690151/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Figs 57</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21E883FF16FC54C704" box="[977,1006,248,275]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[677,688,595,612]" captionTargetBox="[695,1191,238,526]" captionTargetId="figure-60@48.[678,1208,214,552]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 58. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690147/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">58</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B355C21E9F7FEDEFBC8C7F5" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9F7FEDEFCD9C769" blockId="47.[677,1210,304,382]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B355C21E9F7FEDEFCD9C769" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B355C21E9F7FEDEFB95C75E" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[677,1071,304,329]" page="251" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" year="1954">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21E9F7FEDEFB95C75E" authority="Tokioka, 1954: 251" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityPageNumber="251" authorityYear="1954" box="[677,1071,304,329]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21E9F7FEDEFCDBC75F" box="[677,865,304,328]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma snakabri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21E83AFEDFFB95C75E" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[872,1071,305,329]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka, 1954: 251</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 26 figs 4, 5, pl. 27 figs 1-5, pl. 28 fig. 1 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21E8B2FEA5FBA5C774" box="[992,1055,331,355]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Japon</collectingCountry>
). —
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B355C21EF01FEA5FCB1C769" author="NISHIKAWA T." page="121" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21EF01FEA5FCB1C769" author="NISHIKAWA T." pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="107 - 140" refId="ref37722" refString="NISHIKAWA T. 1984. - Ascidians from the Truk Islands, Ponape Island and Majuro Atoll (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 27: 107 - 140." type="journal article" year="1984">Nishikawa 1984: 121</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21E84BFE88FCE2C769" box="[793,856,358,382]" name="Japan" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Japon</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9F7FE78FBC8C7F5" blockId="47.[675,1210,405,482]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21E82DFE7BFC6FC7BA" bold="true" box="[895,981,405,429]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B355C21E82DFE7BFC6BC7BA" box="[895,977,405,429]" name="Malaysia" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B355C21E88BFE7BFB93C7BA" box="[985,1065,405,429]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, SW peninsular tanjung Datu,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B355C21E87FFE5EFC2EC7DF" box="[813,916,432,456]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="04.30" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" precision="9" value="2.0716667">2°04.30’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B355C21E8CFFE5EFBA2C7DF" box="[925,1048,432,456]" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="38.65" orientation="longitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" precision="9" value="109.644165">109°38.65’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B355C21EF72FE5EFB3DC7DF" box="[1056,1159,432,456]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" value="2003-05-28">28.V.2003</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0M915807-V (MNHN A3 EUD 285).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B355C3EE9F7FDFBFCDDC57B" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="847" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9F7FDFBFC8FC43A" blockId="47.[674,1211,533,1542]" box="[677,821,533,559]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9F7FDDAFBA5C4D9" blockId="47.[674,1211,533,1542]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
Les colonies de couleur brun rouge ont un aspect de «foie » selon les collecteurs. Les zoïdes sont disposés en rosettes dans une tunique totalement imprégnée de sable. La forme est celle d’une épaisse croûte de
<quantity id="800BECF23B355C21E9F7FD5DFD61C4D9" box="[677,731,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
d’épaisseur et
<quantity id="800BECF23B355C21E82BFD5DFC07C4D9" box="[889,957,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
de large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9E9FD3DFC1BC2DE" blockId="47.[674,1211,533,1542]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21E862FD3DFC36C4F9" box="[816,908,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[113,124,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,218,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-19@48.[111,648,213,1394]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 57. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954; A, zoïde; B, région stomacale; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690151/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Fig. 57A</figureCitation>
) mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B355C21EF52FD3DFBDBC4F9" box="[1024,1121,723,750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7 à 8 mm</quantity>
de long. Les deux siphons ont 6 lobes, le siphon cloacal est long. Les nombreux tentacules buccaux sont répartis sur 4 ou 5 cercles, les plus dorsaux étant les plus longs. La branchie compte environ 30 stigmates par demi-rang. Le premier rang n’est pas relevé dorsalement. L’abdomen est allongé. L’estomac est court, sa partie postérieure présente des renflements qui ne se prolongent pas antérieurement en plis (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21EF1CFC3EFB16C5FC" box="[1102,1196,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[113,124,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,218,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-19@48.[111,648,213,1394]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 57. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954; A, zoïde; B, région stomacale; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690151/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Fig. 57B</figureCitation>
). L’intestin moyen est renflé en une ampoule courte qui rappelle un peu la forme observée chez
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EF2CFBE1FC03C25D" authority="Kott, 1990" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1990" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reginum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EF2CFBE1FC80C25E" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Eudistoma reginum</emphasis>
Kott, 1990
</taxonomicName>
. L’intestin postérieur est brusquement élargi à son origine, au fond de la boucle. Le canal de la glande pylorique débouche au fond de l’estomac. Les gonades occupent le fond de la boucle intestinale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9E9FB20FBF0C3D1" blockId="47.[674,1211,533,1542]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21E860FB20FC29C2FE" box="[818,915,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[113,124,1435,1452]" captionTargetBox="[114,646,218,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-19@48.[111,648,213,1394]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 57. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954; A, zoïde; B, région stomacale; C, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690151/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">Fig. 57C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B355C21E8F6FB20FC7BC2FE" box="[932,961,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[677,688,595,612]" captionTargetBox="[695,1191,238,526]" captionTargetId="figure-60@48.[678,1208,214,552]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 58. — Eudistoma snakabri Tokioka, 1954, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690147/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">58</figureCitation>
) ont un tronc ovale de
<quantity id="800BECF23B355C21E9F7FB03FD5DC31F" box="[677,743,1261,1288]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. La queue décrit moins d’un demi-tour. Une protubérance est constante à la base de la queue. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont longues entourées de vésicules allongées disposées de façon un peu irrégulière selon les larves. Quelques ampoules rondes sont alignées sur la face ventrale. Des vésicules filamenteuses superficielles sont visibles sur les larves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9E9FA25FB35C011" blockId="47.[674,1211,533,1542]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
La structure des larves et des zoïdes correspond aux caractères observés sur le
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B355C21E8B3FA05FBB5C011" box="[993,1039,1515,1542]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">type</typeStatus>
de l’espèce.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C21E9F7F9C5FC9DC054" blockId="47.[675,1211,1579,1700]" box="[677,807,1579,1605]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B355C3EE9F7F9A4FCDDC57B" blockId="47.[675,1211,1579,1700]" lastBlockId="48.[674,1212,691,1700]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="847" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21E9F7F9A4FC8CC072" author="KOTT P." box="[677,822,1610,1637]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
place en synonymie
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21EF70F9A5FB26C073" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[1058,1180,1610,1636]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21EF70F9A5FB26C073" box="[1058,1180,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">E. snakabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B355C21E9F4F984FC8CC094" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[678,822,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B355C21E9F4F984FC8CC094" box="[678,822,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="846">E. angolanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B355C21E811F987FBBCC093" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[835,1030,1641,1668]" pageId="47" pageNumber="846" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref36932" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1914. - Uber einige westafrikanische Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1914">Michaelsen, 1914</bibRefCitation>
, d’Afrique). Ceci ne peut être retenu. La disposition des vésicules de la larve figurée par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEA0DF9E4FE52C032" author="KOTT P." box="[351,488,1546,1573]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 71e) pour
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EEB23F9C5FEB9C053" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[113,259,1578,1604]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEB23F9C5FEB9C053" box="[113,259,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">E. angolanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est différente ainsi que les lobes des siphons irréguliers
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEA69F9A4FE78C072" author="KOTT P." box="[315,450,1610,1637]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 71b). La description originale de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEA1AF987FDB7C093" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[328,525,1641,1668]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref36932" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1914. - Uber einige westafrikanische Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1914">Michaelsen (1914)</bibRefCitation>
de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE962F987FE20C0B4" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="paesslerioides" variety="angolanus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE962F987FF42C0B4" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Polycitor paesslerioides</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEA63F967FE20C0B4" box="[305,410,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">angolanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est très sommaire, la description complémentaire de
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE8A1FD5DFB01C4D9" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[1011,1211,691,718]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="322 - 518" refId="ref36951" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1915. - Tunicata, in Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas 1 (3): 322 - 518." type="journal article" year="1915">Michaelsen (1915)</bibRefCitation>
sous le nom de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE818FD3DFB23C4FA" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1914" box="[842,1177,723,750]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanus" subGenus="Eudistoma">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE818FD3DFC19C4FA" box="[842,931,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Polycitor</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE8E6FD3DFB98C4FA" box="[948,1058,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEF60FD3DFB23C4FA" box="[1074,1177,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">angolanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ne mentionne pas la structure des larves; la figure représentant le tube digestif ne correspond pas à la forme figurée par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE828FCDCFB9BC55A" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[890,1057,818,845]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka (1954)</bibRefCitation>
et qui est celle de nos spécimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="138C119F3B2A5C3EE9F7FDBDFD56C46C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690147/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" startId="48.[677,688,595,612]" targetBox="[695,1191,238,526]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2A5C3EE9F7FDBDFD56C46C" blockId="48.[677,1209,594,635]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">
FIG. 58. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE855FDBCFB8EC473" authority="Tokioka, 1954" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[775,1076,594,612]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE855FDBCFC0BC474" box="[775,945,594,611]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma snakabri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE8EAFDBDFB8EC473" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[952,1076,595,612]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, larve. Échelle: 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2A5C3EE9E9FC9FFD4AC032" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2A5C3EE9E9FC9FFB25C2BE" blockId="48.[674,1212,691,1700]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE9E9FC9FFC18C59C" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[699,930,881,907]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE9E9FC9FFC18C59C" box="[699,930,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma angolanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a été identifié dans l’océan Pacifique par différents auteurs:
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEF51FC7FFB0FC5BB" author="HASTINGS A. B." box="[1027,1205,913,940]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="69 - 109" refId="ref36200" refString="HASTINGS A. B. 1931. - Tunicata. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928 - 29 4 (3): 69 - 109." type="journal article" year="1931">Hastings (1931)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE9F7FC5EFCF7C5DC" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[677,845,944,971]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref38374" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1967. - Pacific Tunicata of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 251: 1 - 242." type="journal article" year="1967">Tokioka (1967)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE805FC5EFBA3C5DC" author="NISHIKAWA T." box="[855,1049,944,971]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="107 - 140" refId="ref37722" refString="NISHIKAWA T. 1984. - Ascidians from the Truk Islands, Ponape Island and Majuro Atoll (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 27: 107 - 140." type="journal article" year="1984">Nishikawa (1984)</bibRefCitation>
. La description de cette espèce par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE80DFC3EFBA5C5FC" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[863,1055,976,1003]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="322 - 518" refId="ref36951" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1915. - Tunicata, in Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas 1 (3): 322 - 518." type="journal article" year="1915">Michaelsen (1915)</bibRefCitation>
est insuffisante pour une comparaison précise et
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEF4DFC1EFB03C21C" author="MILLAR R. H." box="[1055,1209,1008,1035]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="27 - 325" refId="ref36975" refString="MILLAR R. H. 1953. - On a collection of ascidians from the Gold Coast. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 123 (2): 27 - 325." type="journal article" year="1953">Millar (1953)</bibRefCitation>
pour des spécimens ouest-africains n’est pas plus précis.
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE9A6FBC1FC1FC25D" author="HASTINGS A. B." box="[756,933,1071,1098]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="69 - 109" refId="ref36200" refString="HASTINGS A. B. 1931. - Tunicata. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928 - 29 4 (3): 69 - 109." type="journal article" year="1931">Hastings (1931)</bibRefCitation>
rapporte à
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EEF77FBDEFB03C25E" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1061,1209,1071,1097]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEF77FBDEFB03C25E" box="[1061,1209,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">E. angolanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
un échantillon du nord de l’Australie qu’elle estime correspondre à la variété
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE8F7FB80FC3DC2BF" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="paesslerioides" subGenus="Eudistoma" variety="togoense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE8F7FB80FC47C29F" box="[933,1021,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Polycitor</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEF5EFB80FBC3C29F" box="[1036,1145,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEFD5FB81FCBAC2BF" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">paesslerioides</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE867FB61FC3DC2BF" box="[821,903,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">togoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
selon
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE89EFB60FB20C2BE" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[972,1178,1166,1193]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="322 - 518" refId="ref36951" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1915. - Tunicata, in Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas 1 (3): 322 - 518." type="journal article" year="1915">Michaelsen (1915)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2A5C3EE9E9FB40FD4AC032" blockId="48.[674,1212,691,1700]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">
Nous avons revu des spécimens de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EEF08FB40FC01C2F0" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1914" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Polycitor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paesslerioides" subGenus="Eudistoma">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEF08FB40FB03C2DF" box="[1114,1209,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Polycitor</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE9FCFB23FCA5C2F0" box="[686,799,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE863FB23FC01C2F0" box="[817,955,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">paesslerioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
prêtés par le Muséum de Hambourg, la forme
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE8E6FB00FC4BC310" box="[948,1009,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">typica</emphasis>
nº 473, la variété
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE9F4FAE3FD4BC330" box="[678,753,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">hupferi</emphasis>
nº 477 et la variété
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE88BFAE0FB88C330" box="[985,1074,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">togoensis</emphasis>
nº 479. Les deux premiers échantillons, très petits (
<quantity id="800BECF23B2A5C3EEF34FAC3FB15C35F" box="[1126,1199,1325,1352]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
), ne peuvent être exploités; les spécimens du
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B2A5C3EEFD7FAA2FB06C370" box="[1157,1212,1356,1383]" name="Togo" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Togo</collectingCountry>
semblent être des morceaux d’une même colonie dont le plus gros (
<quantity id="800BECF23B2A5C3EE833FA62FC22C3B0" box="[865,920,1420,1447]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
) est formé de lobes accolés, entièrement ensablés. L’aspect externe ne correspond pas à celui d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EE867FA22FC0AC3F2" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[821,944,1483,1509]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE867FA22FC0AC3F2" box="[821,944,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">E. snakabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, les colonies durcies en alcool ne permettent pas une étude détaillée des zoïdes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="138C119F3B2A5C3EEB23FA75FD82C3D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690151" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690151" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690151/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" startId="48.[113,124,1435,1452]" targetBox="[114,646,218,1392]" targetPageId="48">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2A5C3EEB23FA75FD82C3D4" blockId="48.[113,646,1434,1475]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">
FIG. 57. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EEB9BFA74FE58C3BB" authority="Tokioka, 1954" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[201,482,1434,1452]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEB9BFA74FED0C3BC" box="[201,362,1434,1451]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">Eudistoma snakabri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EEA3CFA75FE58C3BB" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[366,482,1435,1452]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="239 - 264" refId="ref38267" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1954. - Invertebrate fauna of the intertidal zone of the Tokara Islands. VII. Ascidians. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 3: 239 - 264." type="journal article" year="1954">Tokioka, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEABFFA74FE40C3BC" bold="true" box="[493,506,1434,1451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EE96EFA74FDF3C3BC" bold="true" box="[572,585,1434,1451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">B</emphasis>
, région stomacale;
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEB86FA5FFF58C3D5" bold="true" box="[212,226,1457,1474]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B2A5C3FE9E9F9C4FBD7C6E4" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B2A5C3FE9E9F9C4FF01C0B3" blockId="48.[674,1212,691,1700]" lastBlockId="49.[111,647,1578,1700]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">
Il nous semble peu probable que les spécimens du Pacifique soient de la même espèce que ceux de la côte ouest africaine identifiés comme
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2A5C3EEF79F984FB00C094" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1067,1210,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolanum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2A5C3EEF79F984FB00C094" box="[1067,1210,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="847">E. angolanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3EE99FF967FC21C0B3" author="MICHAELSEN W." box="[717,923,1673,1700]" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="426 - 432" refId="ref36932" refString="MICHAELSEN W. 1914. - Uber einige westafrikanische Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 426 - 432." type="journal article" year="1914">Michaelsen (1914)</bibRefCitation>
. La larve figurée par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2A5C3FEF25F967FF01C052" author="MILLAR R. H." lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="848" pageId="48" pageNumber="847" pagination="27 - 325" refId="ref36975" refString="MILLAR R. H. 1953. - On a collection of ascidians from the Gold Coast. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 123 (2): 27 - 325." type="journal article" year="1953">Millar (1953)</bibRefCitation>
pour un spécimen africain ne correspond pas à la larve du Pacifique figurée par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B2B5C3FEAA7F9A4FD39C072" author="KOTT P." box="[501,643,1610,1637]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref36436" refString="KOTT P. 1990 a. - The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29 (1): 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Kott (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FEB22F987FE82C094" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[112,312,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="snakabri">
<emphasis id="75879D053B2B5C3FEB22F987FE82C094" box="[112,312,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">Eudistoma snakabri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
est donc à notre sens une bonne espèce.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B2B5C3FE9A3FF36FBD7C6E4" blockId="49.[753,1133,216,275]" box="[753,1133,216,243]" pageId="49" pageNumber="848">
Famille
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B2B5C3FE815FF36FBD7C6E4" authority="Seeliger, 1906" authorityName="Seeliger" authorityYear="1906" box="[839,1133,216,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Diazonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="49" pageNumber="848" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">DIAZONIDAE Seeliger, 1906</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

216
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<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEB8EFE5BFE60C7D8" bold="true" box="[220,474,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Monniotus paucistigma</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CEA7CFE3BFE70C7E7" blockId="34.[220,540,437,496]" box="[302,458,469,496]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEA67FE3BFE3EC7E7" box="[309,388,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Figs 46</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEAC4FE3BFE78C7E7" box="[406,450,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">76F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CEB23FDE7FF49C479" blockId="34.[111,647,520,622]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B385C2CEB23FDE7FF77C409" box="[113,205,521,545]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEBA4FDE6FDB5C437" bold="true" box="[246,527,520,544]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B385C2CEBA4FDE6FDB1C437" box="[246,523,520,544]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Sud de New Hanover, west side Enang Island,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="334D67D73B385C2CEBFBFDD2FEA9C443" box="[169,275,572,596]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" value="2003-07-04">4.VII.2003</date>
, coll. P.L. Colin, CRCHO565 (MNHN A1 MON 3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CEB23FD69FD32C489" blockId="34.[113,648,646,671]" box="[113,648,646,671]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEA3EFD68FE27C48A" box="[364,413,646,669]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">pauci</emphasis>
: peu et
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEAB8FD68FD9EC48A" box="[490,548,646,669]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">stigma</emphasis>
: stigmate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CEB23FD3DFEB8C4FC" blockId="34.[111,649,723,1700]" box="[113,258,723,749]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2DEB23FD1CFE0AC4F9" blockId="34.[111,649,723,1700]" lastBlockId="35.[111,648,659,1098]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="834" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEA51FD1CFEDBC51A" box="[259,353,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig. 76F</figureCitation>
) sont composées d’un chevelu de lobes filiformes, ramifiés, complètement ensablés. Chaque filament, plusieurs fois ramifié, peut atteindre
<quantity id="800BECF23B385C2CEA5CFCBFFED2C57B" box="[270,360,849,876]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5 à 6 cm</quantity>
de long, avec des branches de diamètre égal sur toute leur longueur, seulement un peu élargies à leur extrémité libre. Chaque ramification ne contient qu’un zoïde. Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEB29FC3EFF6EC5FC" box="[123,212,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig. 46A</figureCitation>
) sont fins, de longueurs inégales, atteignant
<quantity id="800BECF23B385C2CEB3DFC1EFF7CC21C" box="[111,198,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
. Le corps est incolore mais des cellules pigmentaires brunes sont présentes entre la tunique et le thorax et l’abdomen. Le diamètre du thorax chez les individus les moins contractés ne dépasse pas 0,5 mm. Le siphon buccal est terminal, bordé de 6 denticules, son ouverture est souvent dirigée dorsalement (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEBACFB40FEE1C2DE" box="[254,347,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig.46B</figureCitation>
). Le siphon cloacal s’ouvre au niveau du premier rang de stigmates. Les tentacules, 16 en 2 ordres de taille, sont séparés par de plus petits. Le bourrelet péripharyngien est sinueux. Le tubercule vibratile forme une urne. La branchie a 4 rangs de stigmates très allongés, les 2 premiers rangs en comptent de 16 à 20 de chaque côté, traversés par 1 sinus parastigmatique (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEAF8FA62FDABC3B0" box="[426,529,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig. 46D</figureCitation>
). Les sinus transverses sont surmontés de 7 à 10 papilles de chaque côté, les sinus parastigmatiques portent aussi des papilles (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CEA7FFA05FE2AC011" box="[301,400,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig. 46D</figureCitation>
). L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B385C2CE970FA05FD3BC011" box="[546,641,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Fig. 46C</figureCitation>
) a une longueur égale à celle du thorax. L’estomac allongé, à paroi lisse, se situe au tiers antérieur de l’abdomen. Il est suivi d’un segment mince, puis d’une ampoule élargie. Une forte constriction délimite un segment étroit qui forme le fond de la boucle digestive. L’intestin postérieur débute par un renflement en caecum. L’anus s’ouvre au niveau du deuxième sinus transverse.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B385C2CE9F7F98DFBA8C0B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" startId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" targetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CE9F7F98DFBA8C0B6" blockId="34.[677,1211,1635,1697]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
FIG. 46. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B385C2CE9ACF98DFC7AC063" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[766,960,1635,1652]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucistigma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CE9ACF98DFC7AC063" box="[766,960,1635,1652]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Monniotus paucistigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B385C2CE897F98DFC4FC063" box="[965,1013,1635,1652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEF52F98DFBB7C063" bold="true" box="[1024,1037,1635,1652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEF02F98DFBE7C063" bold="true" box="[1104,1117,1635,1652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEF35F98DFBCFC063" bold="true" box="[1127,1141,1635,1652]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">C</emphasis>
, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CE8A1F997FBBBC09D" bold="true" box="[1011,1025,1657,1674]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">D</emphasis>
, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B395C2DEB23FDF3FE75C453" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690119" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690119/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" startId="35.[113,124,541,558]" targetBox="[132,635,236,498]" targetPageId="35">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEB23FDF3FE75C453" blockId="35.[113,646,540,580]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
FIG. 47. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEB82FDF2FD92C439" authority="Redikorzev, 1913" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityYear="1913" box="[208,552,540,558]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Sidneioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEB82FDF2FE37C43A" box="[208,397,540,557]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Sidneioides japonense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B395C2DEAC6FDF3FD92C439" author="REDIKORZEV V." box="[404,552,541,558]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" pagination="204 - 213" refId="ref37832" refString="REDIKORZEV V. 1913. - Neue Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 204 - 213." type="journal article" year="1913">Redikorzev, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, larve avec cristal d’oxalate (flèche). Échelle: 0,2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEBDAFD1CFE9FC21C" blockId="35.[111,648,659,1098]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Le post-abdomen est très long et fin (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DEAADFD1CFDE6C51A" box="[511,604,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Fig. 46A</figureCitation>
). Le coeur est terminal. Un mince appendice vasculaire prolonge encore le post-abdomen. L’ovaire est placé antérieurement, proche de l’abdomen. Le testicule comprend un petit nombre de vésicules échelonnées en un rang dans la première moitié du post-abdomen, elles sont irrégulièrement espacées. On en a compté une douzaine au plus. Le spermiducte s’ouvre au niveau de l’anus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEBDAFBFEFDA1C25D" blockId="35.[111,648,659,1098]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Nous n’avons trouvé qu’un seul embryon immature dans la cavité péribranchiale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DEAFFFBC1FDB5C25D" box="[429,527,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[677,688,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[689,1187,217,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-19@34.[677,1208,198,1619]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 46. — Monniotus paucistigma n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, thorax, abdomen et post-abdomen d’un zoïde; D, détail de la branchie. Échelles: A, 2 mm; B, C, 1 mm; D, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690117/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Fig. 46B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEB23FB81FF49C290" blockId="35.[111,648,1135,1700]" box="[113,243,1135,1161]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEB23FB60FF4AC011" blockId="35.[111,648,1135,1700]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Cette nouvelle espèce de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA2BFB60FE41C2BE" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1842" box="[377,507,1166,1193]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Polyclinidae</taxonomicName>
se place dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEB98FB41FE80C2DF" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1988" box="[202,314,1199,1224]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEB98FB41FE80C2DF" box="[202,314,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Monniotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par ses deux siphons ouverts à l’extérieur, ses zoïdes isolés sur presque toute leur longueur, et la présence de papilles sur les sinus transverses. Dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEADDFAE3FD3CC33F" authority="Harant, 1931" authorityName="Harant" authorityYear="1931" box="[399,646,1293,1320]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Ritterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEADDFAE3FE57C330" box="[399,493,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Ritterella</emphasis>
Harant, 1931
</taxonomicName>
les individus sont totalement inclus dans la tunique commune. Le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA11FAA3FD9AC370" authority="Brewin, 1952" authorityName="Brewin" authorityYear="1952" box="[323,544,1356,1383]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Dumus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA11FAA3FE37C371" box="[323,397,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Dumus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B395C2DEAC0FAA2FD9AC370" author="BREWIN B. I." box="[402,544,1356,1383]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" pagination="452 - 458" refId="ref36155" refString="BREWIN B. I. 1952. - Ascidians of New Zealand part 7. Ascidians from Otago coastal waters, Part 2. Transactions and proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 79 (3 - 4): 452 - 458." type="journal article" year="1952">Brewin, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
possède 4 rangs de stigmates dans des zoïdes isolés, l’estomac est lisse, mais il n’y a pas de papilles sur les sinus transverses. Le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA33FA45FF10C3F1" authority="Michaelsen, 1924" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1924" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA33FA45FE41C3D2" box="[353,507,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Pseudodistoma</emphasis>
Michaelsen, 1924
</taxonomicName>
n’a que 3 rangs de stigmates et pas de papilles branchiales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DEBDAF9E4FD43C787" blockId="35.[111,648,1135,1700]" lastBlockId="35.[677,1211,216,400]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Les autres espèces du genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA9EF9E5FDFBC033" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1988" box="[460,577,1547,1572]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA9EF9E5FDFBC033" box="[460,577,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Monniotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sont:
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEB26F9C5FEC9C052" authority="(Kott, 1957)" baseAuthorityName="Kott" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[116,371,1578,1605]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEB26F9C5FF53C053" box="[116,233,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">M. australis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B395C2DEBA7F9C4FED0C052" author="KOTT P." box="[245,362,1578,1605]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" pagination="64 - 110" refId="ref36284" refString="KOTT P. 1957. - Th e ascidians of Australia. II. Aplouso- branchiata Lahille: Clavelinidae Forbes &amp; Hanley and Polyclinidae Verrill. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8 (1): 64 - 110." type="journal article" year="1957">Kott, 1957</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA2EF9C5FEFBC072" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA2EF9C5FE4BC053" box="[380,497,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">M. pacificus</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA1DF9A5FEF4C093" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2001" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="papillosus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA1DF9A5FE67C073" box="[335,477,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">M. papillosus</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEA09F984FDD2C093" authority="Kott, 1992" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" box="[347,616,1641,1668]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="radiatus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEA09F984FE64C094" box="[347,478,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">M. radiatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B395C2DEABAF987FDD2C093" author="KOTT P." box="[488,616,1641,1668]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
et
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DEB26F964FE3CC0B3" authority="Millar, 1988" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1988" box="[116,390,1673,1700]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DEB26F964FF55C0B4" box="[116,239,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">M. ramosus</emphasis>
Millar, 1988
</taxonomicName>
. Toutes ces espèces ont des papilles branchiales, un estomac ornementé et de plus nombreux rangs de stigmates. C’est la présence de papilles branchiales et la colonie très ramifiée qui nos incite à placer la nouvelle espèce dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE868FEB9FC10C767" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1988" box="[826,938,343,368]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Monniotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE868FEB9FC10C767" box="[826,938,343,368]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Monniotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plutôt que dans le genre
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE9F7FE99FD43C787" box="[677,761,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE9F7FE99FD4FC787" authorityName="Brewin" authorityYear="1952" box="[677,757,375,400]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Dumus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dumus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE98BFDFAFB3FC427" authority="Redikorzev, 1913" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityYear="1913" box="[729,1157,532,560]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Sidneioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE98BFDFAFC78C439" bold="true" box="[729,962,532,559]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Sidneioides japonense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B395C2DE832FDDAFC44C458" box="[864,1022,564,591]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE832FDDAFC44C458" blockId="35.[729,1157,532,591]" box="[864,1022,564,591]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DE835FDDAFC0CC458" box="[871,950,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[113,124,541,558]" captionTargetBox="[132,635,236,498]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[115,645,214,518]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 47. — Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913, larve avec cristal d’oxalate (flèche). Échelle: 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690119/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Figs 47</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DE89AFDDAFC4DC458" box="[968,1015,564,591]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">77A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B395C2DE9F7FD83FB81C4AD" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FD83FB81C4AD" blockId="35.[677,1210,621,698]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67E366393B395C2DE9F7FD83FB81C4AD" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
<treatmentCitation id="C65267063B395C2DE9F7FD83FBD1C492" author="REDIKORZEV V." box="[677,1131,621,645]" page="212" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE9F7FD83FBD1C492" authority="Redikorzev, 1913: 212" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1913" box="[677,1131,621,645]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Sidneioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE9F7FD83FCCCC492" box="[677,886,621,645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Sidneioides japonense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B395C2DE82DFD83FBD1C492" author="REDIKORZEV V." box="[895,1131,621,645]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" pagination="204 - 213" refId="ref37832" refString="REDIKORZEV V. 1913. - Neue Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 204 - 213." type="journal article" year="1913">Redikorzev, 1913: 212</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 38 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE9FFFD66FD56C4B7" box="[685,748,648,672]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Japon</collectingCountry>
). — Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2006: 125, fig. 8 (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE9F9FD4CFCA5C4AD" box="[683,799,674,698]" name="Madagascar" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
et
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE86CFD4CFC1BC4AD" box="[830,929,674,698]" name="Indonesia" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
), et synonymie.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B395C2DE9F7FD3CFB28C52E" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FD3CFB28C52E" blockId="35.[677,1212,722,825]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE8C3FD3CFC43C4FD" bold="true" box="[913,1017,722,746]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE8C3FD3CFC4FC4FD" box="[913,1013,722,746]" name="Indonesia" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
Berau, E
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B395C2DEF0CFD3CFD7DC513" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Maratua Island, Danau Haji Buang marine lake,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B395C2DE9F4FCE9FCB5C508" box="[678,783,775,799]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="12.63" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" precision="9" value="2.2105">2°12.63’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B395C2DE848FCE9FC22C508" box="[794,920,775,799]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="35.68" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" precision="9" value="118.594666">118°35.68’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B395C2DE8F1FCE9FBB4C508" box="[931,1038,775,799]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" value="2003-10-24">24.X.2003</date>
, 0,5 m, coll. L. J. Bell, HBM026, 4 colonies (MNHN A1 SID A 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B395C2DE9F7FC9CFC90C35F" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FC9CFC8FC59D" blockId="35.[675,1212,882,1352]" box="[677,821,882,908]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FC7FFCD8C2BE" blockId="35.[675,1212,882,1352]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DE87DFC7FFC36C5BB" box="[815,908,913,940]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Fig. 77A</figureCitation>
) sont très molles, en coussins épais et de quelques centimètres de diamètre. Les orifices buccaux s’ouvrent en doubles rangs disposés en étoile pour déboucher dans de larges ouvertures cloacales communes. La disposition rappelle celle rencontrée dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE8FBFBC1FBA6C25E" box="[937,1052,1071,1097]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Polyclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE8FBFBC1FBA6C25E" box="[937,1052,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Polyclinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. La surface des colonies est lisse, avec seulement par places quelques traînées de grains de sable. Il n’y a pas du tout de sédiment interne.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9E9FB40FC90C35F" blockId="35.[675,1212,882,1352]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Les zoïdes et les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DE8E4FB40FBBFC2DE" box="[950,1029,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[113,124,541,558]" captionTargetBox="[132,635,236,498]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[115,645,214,518]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 47. — Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913, larve avec cristal d’oxalate (flèche). Échelle: 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690119/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
) ont exactement la même structure que ceux examinés et décrits (Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 2006) provenant du
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE9F7FAE3FD5EC33F" box="[677,740,1293,1320]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Japon</collectingCountry>
(prêt du Nagoya University Museum) et de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE9F7FAC3FC9CC35F" box="[677,806,1325,1352]" name="Madagascar" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B395C2AE9F7FA83FD3AC765" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="835" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FA83FC9DC392" blockId="35.[674,1211,1389,1700]" box="[677,807,1389,1415]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2DE9F7FA62FCDFC072" blockId="35.[674,1211,1389,1700]" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
Le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE853FA62FCCBC3B1" authorityName="Kesteven" authorityYear="1909" box="[769,881,1420,1446]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Sidneioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE853FA62FCCBC3B1" box="[769,881,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Sidneioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ne comprend que peu d’espèces (Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C. 2006).Il diffère du genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE9F0FA25FCAEC3F2" box="[674,788,1483,1509]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Polyclinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE9F0FA25FCAEC3F2" box="[674,788,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Polyclinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par la présence de l’ovaire dans le thorax alors que le testicule reste dans le post-abdomen. Il s’en rapproche par l’architecture des colonies et la présence dans les larves de cristaux d’oxalate de calcium (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B395C2DE855F9A4FCE2C072" box="[775,856,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[113,124,541,558]" captionTargetBox="[132,635,236,498]" captionTargetId="figure-15@35.[115,645,214,518]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 47. — Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913, larve avec cristal d’oxalate (flèche). Échelle: 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690119/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B395C2AE9E9F987FD3AC765" blockId="35.[674,1211,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="36.[112,647,216,370]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="835" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B395C2DE9E9F987FC27C094" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityYear="1913" box="[699,925,1641,1667]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Sidneioides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="35" pageNumber="834" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B395C2DE9E9F987FC27C094" box="[699,925,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Sidneioides japonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a été récolté en plusieurs stations au
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B395C2DE87EF967FCCBC0B3" box="[812,881,1673,1700]" name="Japan" pageId="35" pageNumber="834">Japon</collectingCountry>
, mais n’a été signalé ailleurs qu’une fois par
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3E5C2AEA48FF36FE15C6E4" author="MILLAR R. H." box="[282,431,216,243]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" pagination="205 - 336" refId="ref37009" refString="MILLAR R. H. 1975. - Ascidians from the Indo-west- Pacific region in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Steenstrupia 3: 205 - 336." type="journal article" year="1975">Millar (1975)</bibRefCitation>
en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3E5C2AEA8AFF36FDFBC6E4" box="[472,577,216,243]" name="Indonesia" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
et par Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. (2006) à
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3E5C2AEAA2FF16FDD4C704" box="[496,622,248,275]" name="Madagascar" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
et en
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3E5C2AEBC2FEF9FF43C725" box="[144,249,279,306]" name="Indonesia" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Indonésie</collectingCountry>
dans le lac marin où il est à nouveau signalé ici. La stabilité des caractères anatomiques dans des stations aussi éloignées est remarquable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Monniot F., 1987
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(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3A5C2EEA66FBFEFE3EC23C" box="[308,388,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" captionTargetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-15@33.[130,629,214,1042]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIG. 45. — Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987: A, région neurale; B, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Figs 45</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3A5C2EEAC7FBFEFE79C23C" box="[405,451,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">76E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3A5C2EEB23FBACFE35C263" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2EEB23FBACFE35C263" blockId="32.[111,648,1090,1340]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EEB23FBACFD99C24D" authority="Monniot F., 1987: 503" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityPageNumber="503" authorityYear="1987" box="[113,547,1090,1114]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="omasum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEB23FBACFEF0C24D" box="[113,330,1090,1114]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Homoeodisoma omasum</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1987: 503
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 2C-E, pl. 1B (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3A5C2EEBE8FBB2FE3EC263" box="[186,388,1116,1140]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3A5C2EEB23FB68FF69C32B" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2EEB23FB68FF69C32B" blockId="32.[111,648,1090,1340]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EEA1FFB6BFDE2C28A" bold="true" box="[333,600,1157,1181]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3A5C2EEA1FFB6BFDE2C28A" box="[333,600,1157,1181]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. Sud de New Hanover, sud de Tungelo Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3A5C2EE943FB4EFD3BC2AF" box="[529,641,1184,1208]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="40.055" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" precision="1" value="-2.6675835">2°40.055’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3A5C2EEB21FB54FF43C2C5" box="[115,249,1210,1234]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="25.53" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" precision="9" value="150.4255">150°25.53’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3A5C2EEA55FB54FE3AC2C5" box="[263,384,1210,1234]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" value="2003-07-02">2.VII.2003</date>
, 18 m, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO571, 1 colonie. — Sud de New Hanover, sud de Enang Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3A5C2EEA02FB01FE0EC310" box="[336,436,1263,1287]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="40.68" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" precision="9" value="-2.678">2°40.68’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3A5C2EEA92FB01FDFAC310" box="[448,576,1263,1287]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="28.19" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" precision="9" value="150.46983">150°28.19’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B3A5C2EE91EFB01FD3EC310" box="[588,644,1263,1287]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3A5C2EEB21FAE4FF5EC335" box="[115,228,1290,1314]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" value="2003-07-03">3.VII.2003</date>
, coll. L. J. Bell, CRCHO582 (MNHN A1 HOM 8).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3A5C2FEB23FA83FC52C59B" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="832" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2EEB23FA83FEB8C392" blockId="32.[111,649,1389,1700]" box="[113,258,1389,1415]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2FEB23FA62FEC5C3D1" blockId="32.[111,649,1389,1700]" lastBlockId="33.[111,649,1166,1700]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="832" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
Les colonies ont la forme de lamelles dressées, entièrement ensablées, de consistance dure (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3A5C2EE94AFA45FDC1C3D1" box="[536,635,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="67.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-15@67.[125,1198,214,1457]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIG. 76. — A, Lissoclinum tumidum n. sp.; B, Aplidium granum n. sp.; C, A. rhyparon n. sp.; D, A. venosum n. sp.; E, Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987; F, Monniotus paucistigma n. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893744" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893744/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Fig. 76E</figureCitation>
). La marge apicale des lames se creuse d’un sillon longitudinal où s’ouvrent les orifices cloacaux. Les zoïdes sont parallèles entre eux dans des logettes de la tunique dont on les extrait facilement.Les 2 siphons portent des bandes longitudinales de pigment rouge vif qui alternent avec les lobes terminés en pointes. Le pigment rouge s’étend un peu et irrégulièrement à la base des siphons. Le siphon buccal terminal est orienté ventralement.Le siphon cloacal en court tube s’ouvre au niveau du troisième rang de stigmates.Des fibres musculaires fines, longitudinales et transverses, couvrent tout le thorax.La musculature longitudinale se prolonge sur l’abdomen et le post-abdomen. Un court velum ferme l’ouverture buccale. Environ 28 tentacules en 3 ordres sont disposés en un cercle, le tentacule médio-dorsal est le plus long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3B5C2FE945FAC3FDC3C35F" box="[535,633,1325,1352]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" captionTargetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-15@33.[130,629,214,1042]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIG. 45. — Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987: A, région neurale; B, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Fig. 45A</figureCitation>
). Le bourrelet péripharyngien a 2 lames, la plus antérieure mince et ondulée, la plus postérieure plus épaisse et rectiligne (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3B5C2FEADBFA62FE57C3B0" box="[393,493,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" captionTargetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-15@33.[130,629,214,1042]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIG. 45. — Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987: A, région neurale; B, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Fig. 45A</figureCitation>
). Le tubercule vibratile forme une urne.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B3A5C2EE9F7FA27FB3AC01F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690113/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" startId="32.[677,688,1481,1498]" targetBox="[673,1208,217,1439]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3A5C2EE9F7FA27FB3AC01F" blockId="32.[677,1209,1481,1544]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">
FIG. 44. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3A5C2EE855FA27FC12C3CD" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[775,936,1481,1498]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE855FA27FC12C3CD" box="[775,936,1481,1498]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">Aplidium venosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3A5C2EE8FDFA27FC59C3CD" box="[943,995,1481,1498]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE8A2FA27FC47C3CD" bold="true" box="[1008,1021,1481,1498]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">A</emphasis>
, thorax et abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE9F4FA31FD08C3E7" bold="true" box="[678,690,1503,1520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">B</emphasis>
, post-abdomen du même zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE880FA31FC5AC3E7" bold="true" box="[978,992,1503,1520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">C</emphasis>
, thorax et abdomen d’un autre zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3A5C2EE85DFA18FCA7C010" bold="true" box="[783,797,1526,1543]" pageId="32" pageNumber="831">D</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A-C, 0,5 mm; D, 0,2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138C119F3B3B5C2FEB23FBC1FE11C240" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" startId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" targetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FEB23FBC1FE11C240" blockId="33.[113,646,1071,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
FIG. 45. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FEB98FBC1FD8AC257" authority="Monniot F., 1987" authorityName="Monniot F." authorityYear="1987" box="[202,560,1071,1088]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="omasum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FEB98FBC1FE1BC257" box="[202,417,1071,1088]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Homoeodistoma omasum</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1987
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE969FBC1FDF2C257" bold="true" box="[571,584,1071,1088]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">A</emphasis>
, région neurale;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FEBE9FBA8FF72C240" bold="true" box="[187,200,1094,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">B</emphasis>
, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FEBDAFA25FE8FC072" blockId="33.[111,649,1166,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">La branchie compte de 21 à 23 rangs de stigmates, avec 55 stigmates dans un demi-rang à droite au milieu de la branchie. Il n’y a pas de sinus parastigmatiques. Les languettes du raphé sont triangulaires.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FEBDAF987FBE5C458" blockId="33.[111,649,1166,1700]" lastBlockId="33.[674,1213,216,908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
Pour les plus grands zoïdes l’abdomen de
<quantity id="800BECF23B3B5C2FE914F987FD3CC093" box="[582,646,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
est nettement plus court que le thorax de
<quantity id="800BECF23B3B5C2FE968F967FDC6C0B3" box="[570,636,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
; il en est séparé par une constriction. L’oesophage est très court. L’estomac ovale a une paroi lisse avec une typhlosole nette. La partie post-stomacale est épaisse, cylindrique. Un repli en anneau, dans la partie descendante de la boucle digestive, marque le début de l’intestin postérieur. L’anus bilobé s’ouvre à la base du thorax. Le post-abdomen a une longueur variable selon la maturation des gonades. Au stade mâle, le post-abdomen est long avec des vésicules testiculaires en double ou triple rangée. Le spermiducte rectiligne débouche contre l’anus. L’ovaire est proche de la boucle digestive.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9E9FDBAFC52C59B" blockId="33.[674,1213,216,908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
Une seule larve (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3B5C2FE80CFDBAFC0CC478" box="[862,950,596,623]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" captionTargetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-15@33.[130,629,214,1042]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIG. 45. — Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987: A, région neurale; B, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Fig.45B</figureCitation>
) est incubée dans la cavité péribranchiale, le plus souvent immature dans les colonies observées. Le tronc mesure 1,2 mm. Les 3 papilles adhésives sont bien écartées portées sur un pédoncule large et court. Leur observation est rendue difficile par la multitude de petites vésicules allongées qui occupent toute la partie antérieure du tronc (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3B5C2FE9BFFCDCFCEBC55A" box="[749,849,818,845]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="33.[113,124,1071,1088]" captionTargetBox="[130,629,215,1027]" captionTargetId="figure-15@33.[130,629,214,1042]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIG. 45. — Homoeodistoma omasum Monniot F., 1987: A, région neurale; B, larve. Échelle: B, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690115/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Fig. 45B</figureCitation>
). Les 2 siphons larvaires sont en position postérieure.Ocelle et otolithe sont présents. La queue décrit un demi-tour.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3B5C2CE9F7FC5FFE70C725" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="833" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9F7FC5FFC9DC5DE" blockId="33.[674,1212,945,1700]" box="[677,807,945,971]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9F7FC3EFB12C23C" blockId="33.[674,1212,945,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Très peu d’espèces du genre sont décrites et les caractères génériques sont mal définis, ils concernent surtout la disposition des zoïdes dans la colonie.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9F7FBDEFBBDC2FE" blockId="33.[674,1212,945,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE9F7FBDEFD09C25E" box="[677,691,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">–</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE9EDFBC1FBE4C25D" authority="(Brewin, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Brewin" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[703,1118,1071,1098]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arenosum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE9EDFBC1FC05C25E" box="[703,959,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Homoeodistoma arenosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE898FBC1FBEDC25D" author="BREWIN B. I." box="[970,1111,1071,1098]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="354 - 362" refId="ref36109" refString="BREWIN B. I. 1950. - Ascidians of New Zealand part V. Ascidians from the east coast of Great Barrier Island. Transactions and proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 78 (2 - 3): 354 - 362." type="journal article" year="1950">Brewin, 1950</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
décrit de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3B5C2FE9F0FBA1FCE3C27D" box="[674,857,1103,1130]" name="New Zealand" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Nouvelle-Zélande</collectingCountry>
, sous le nom de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE8A6FBA1FBE5C27E" authorityName="Oka" authorityYear="1933" box="[1012,1119,1103,1129]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Placentelidae" genus="Sigillinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE8A6FBA1FBE5C27E" box="[1012,1119,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Sigillinaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,possède 10 rangs de stigmates avec des sinus parastigmatiques et un estomac lisse. Cette espèce se rapproche du genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE9B6FB40FCF8C2DF" authorityName="Harant" authorityYear="1931" box="[740,834,1198,1224]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ritterellidae" genus="Ritterella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE9B6FB40FCF8C2DF" box="[740,834,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Ritterella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
par les sinus parastigmatiques mais s’en éloigne par un estomac lisse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9F7FB03FB20C011" blockId="33.[674,1212,945,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
–
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE993FB03FBD6C31F" authority="(Kott, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Kott" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[705,1132,1261,1288]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="areolatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE993FB03FC62C310" box="[705,984,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Homoeodistoma areolatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE8BBFB03FBDEC31F" author="KOTT P." box="[1001,1124,1261,1288]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="70 - 118" refId="ref36326" refString="KOTT P. 1963. - The ascidians of Australia. IV. Aplousobranchiata Lahille: Polyclinidae Verrill (continued). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 14 (1): 70 - 118." type="journal article" year="1963">Kott, 1963</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
se distingue par un estomac aréolé. Pour cette espèce
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE9F5FAC3FC88C35F" author="KOTT P." box="[679,818,1325,1352]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott (1992)</bibRefCitation>
crée le genre
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE885FAC3FBCDC350" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" box="[983,1143,1325,1351]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Protopolyclinidae" genus="Condominium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE885FAC3FBCDC350" box="[983,1143,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Condominium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
qui à notre sens ne se justifie pas. Cet auteur inclut dans cette espèce:
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE87CFA82FBDCC390" authority="Kott, 1972" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1972" box="[814,1126,1388,1415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Placentela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ellistoni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE87CFA82FC50C391" box="[814,1002,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Placentela ellistoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE8BDFA82FBDCC390" author="KOTT P." box="[1007,1126,1388,1415]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="165 - 196" refId="ref36364" refString="KOTT P. 1972. - Th e ascidian of South Australia. II. Eastern sector of the Great Australian Bight and Investigator Strait. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 96 (4): 165 - 196." type="journal article" year="1972">Kott, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, mais le spécimen
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B3B5C2FE85DFA62FC87C3B0" box="[783,829,1420,1447]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">type</typeStatus>
que nous avons revu a un estomac lisse.
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE98EFA45FCE7C3D1" author="KOTT P." box="[732,861,1451,1478]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott (1992)</bibRefCitation>
signale également des spécimens ayant des sinus parastigmatiques. Plusieurs espèces sont probablement réunies sous le même nom.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3B5C2FE9F7F9E4FBBEC0B3" blockId="33.[674,1212,945,1700]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">
–
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3B5C2FE993F9E4FB33C032" authority="Tokioka, 1959 a" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1959" box="[705,1161,1546,1573]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longigona">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3B5C2FE993F9E4FC6BC033" box="[705,977,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="832">Homoeodistoma longigona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3B5C2FE88AF9E4FBCCC032" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[984,1142,1546,1573]" pageId="33" pageNumber="832" pagination="223 - 239" refId="ref38339" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1959. - Contributions to japanese Ascidian fauna XIII. Sporadic memoranda (4). Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 7 (2): 223 - 239." type="journal article" year="1959">Tokioka, 1959</bibRefCitation>
a
</taxonomicName>
une colonie de forme différente. Les oeufs sont incubés en une longue série dans le post-abdomen. Cette espèce fait probablement partie d’un autre genre malgré son estomac à paroi lisse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B385C2CEB23FF36FE70C725" blockId="34.[113,649,216,306]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">
–
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B385C2CEBDCFF36FD3CC6E4" authority="Redikorzev, 1927" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityYear="1927" box="[142,646,216,243]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Homoeodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="michaelseni">
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEBDCFF36FE01C6E5" box="[142,443,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Homoeodistoma michaelseni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B385C2CEA96FF36FD3CC6E4" author="REDIKORZEV V." box="[452,646,216,243]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" pagination="373 - 404" refId="ref37849" refString="REDIKORZEV V. 1927. - Zehn neue Ascidien aus dem fernen Osten. Zoologische Jahrbucher 53: 373 - 404." type="journal article" year="1927">Redikorzev, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
est synonyme de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B385C2CEA79FF19FF13C725" authority="Redikorzev, 1913" authorityName="Redikorzev" authorityYear="1913" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Placentela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crystallina">
<emphasis id="75879D053B385C2CEA79FF19FDBFC706" box="[299,517,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="833">Placentela crystallina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B385C2CE959FF16FF13C725" author="REDIKORZEV V." pageId="34" pageNumber="833" pagination="204 - 213" refId="ref37832" refString="REDIKORZEV V. 1913. - Neue Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 43: 204 - 213." type="journal article" year="1913">Redikorzev, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
d’après
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B385C2CEA51FEF9FE7FC725" author="SANAMYAN K." box="[259,453,279,306]" pageId="34" pageNumber="833" pagination="103 - 135" refId="ref37951" refString="SANAMYAN K. 1998. - Ascidians from the north-western Pacific region 4. Polyclinidae and Placentelidae. Ophelia 48 (2): 103 - 135." type="journal article" year="1998">Sanamyan (1998)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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188
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<mods:title id="C325829A51D2FFAEE9A2AAE79983CD1C">Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EB8FFD5CFDA1C4D9" blockId="38.[221,539,690,750]" box="[221,539,690,718]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B3C5C28EB8FFD5CFDA1C4D9" box="[221,539,690,718]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3C5C28EB8FFD5CFE63C4DA" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[221,473,690,717]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caliginosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28EB8FFD5CFE63C4DA" bold="true" box="[221,473,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Eudistoma caliginosum</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3C5C28EA07FD3DFE19C4F9" box="[341,419,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" captionTargetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[93,667,200,1181]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 50. — Eudistoma calliginosum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, partie postérieure de l’abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EB23FCFCFEBDC548" blockId="38.[111,647,786,863]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
MATÉRIEL TYPE. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28EA76FCFCFE21C53D" bold="true" box="[292,411,786,810]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Îles Loyauté.</emphasis>
Îlot Mékoua,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3C5C28EB3DFCC2FF4AC553" box="[111,240,812,836]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="29.35" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" precision="9" value="166.48917">166°29.35’E</geoCoordinate>
,
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, coll. Laboute,
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B3C5C28EA86FCC2FD9AC553" box="[468,544,812,836]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
(MNHN A3 EUD 260).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EB23FC93FDA6C583" blockId="38.[113,540,892,917]" box="[113,540,892,917]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28EA25FC92FE16C583" box="[375,428,892,916]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">caligo</emphasis>
: obscurité.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EB23FC3FFEB8C5FE" blockId="38.[111,649,977,1700]" box="[113,258,977,1003]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EB23FC1EFE40C2DE" blockId="38.[111,649,977,1700]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
Les colonies très foncées, de couleur bleu-noir ont une consistance dure. Les morceaux les plus grands des colonies en coussins dont nous disposons mesurent
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et
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d’épaisseur. La tunique a une surface lisse et ne contient pas du tout de sable, mais quelques cristaux aciculaires. Le formol de fixation est fortement teinté en noir.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EBDAFB20FD3BC3B0" blockId="38.[111,649,977,1700]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3C5C28EA52FB20FEE5C2FE" box="[256,351,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" captionTargetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[93,667,200,1181]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 50. — Eudistoma calliginosum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, partie postérieure de l’abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Fig. 50A</figureCitation>
) sont fortement pigmentés. Ils mesurent jusqu’à
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de long. Ils ne sont pas disposés en systèmes. Le thorax est beaucoup plus court que l’abdomen. Les 2 siphons ont 6 lobes, le siphon cloacal étant le plus long. La musculature longitudinale est forte jusqu’à l’extrémité cardiaque. La musculature transverse est dense sur le thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EBDAFA45FEC7C072" blockId="38.[111,649,977,1700]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Il existe des espaces imperforés antérieur et postérieur à la branchie. On compte de chaque côté 20 stigmates dans les deuxième et troisième rangs et 25 stigmates dans le premier rang qui est relevé dorsalement. Les languettes du raphé sont courtes et peu décalées à gauche.</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B3C5C28E9F7FA38FCBFC002" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" startId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" targetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28E9F7FA38FCBFC002" blockId="38.[677,1209,1494,1557]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
FIG. 49. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3C5C28E9AEFA38FC01C3F0" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[764,955,1494,1511]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28E9AEFA38FC01C3F0" box="[764,955,1494,1511]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Pseudodistoma nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3C5C28E8EDFA38FC54C3F0" box="[959,1006,1494,1511]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28E8AAFA38FBBFC3F0" bold="true" box="[1016,1029,1494,1511]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28EF15FA38FBEEC3F0" bold="true" box="[1095,1108,1494,1511]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28EF0FFA38FBD1C3F0" bold="true" box="[1117,1131,1494,1511]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">C</emphasis>
, zoïde en deux parties;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28E844FA02FC9EC3EA" bold="true" box="[790,804,1516,1533]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">D</emphasis>
, détail de l’estomac;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3C5C28E884FA02FC58C3EA" bold="true" box="[982,994,1516,1533]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">E</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C29EBDAF987FEA9C3B0" blockId="38.[111,649,977,1700]" lastBlockId="39.[111,649,1293,1700]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="838" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">
L’oesophage est particulièrement long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3C5C28E949F987FDC1C093" box="[539,635,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" captionTargetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[93,667,200,1181]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 50. — Eudistoma calliginosum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, partie postérieure de l’abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Fig. 50A</figureCitation>
). L’estomac arrondi est dissymétrique, suivi d’un court intestin moyen renflé. L’intestin postérieur dépourvu de caeca débute dans la branche descendante du tube digestif. La boucle intestinale est fermée. La glande pylorique est constituée de tubules contournés, peu denses, situés sur la portion de l’intestin en face de l’estomac. La taille de l’abdomen est très variable d’un individu à l’autre dans une même colonie.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B3D5C29EB23FB5FFD92C2CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" startId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" targetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29EB23FB5FFD92C2CE" blockId="39.[113,647,1200,1241]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
FIG. 50. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3D5C29EB81FB5EFE24C2D6" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[211,414,1200,1217]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calliginosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29EB81FB5EFE24C2D6" box="[211,414,1200,1217]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Eudistoma calliginosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3D5C29EAF4FB5FFE62C2D5" box="[422,472,1201,1218]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29EAB4FB5EFE49C2D6" bold="true" box="[486,499,1200,1217]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">A</emphasis>
, zoïde;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E96EFB5EFDF3C2D6" bold="true" box="[572,585,1200,1217]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">B</emphasis>
, partie postérieure de l’abdomen;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29EA07FB29FED9C2CF" bold="true" box="[341,355,1223,1240]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29EBDAFA45FE61C032" blockId="39.[111,649,1293,1700]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
Le testicule (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3D5C29EA5DFA45FED5C3D1" box="[271,367,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" captionTargetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[93,667,200,1181]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 50. — Eudistoma calliginosum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, partie postérieure de l’abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Fig. 50B</figureCitation>
), avec un nombre variable de vésicules, est placé postérieurement à l’estomac mais n’atteint pas le fond de la boucle intestinale. L’ovaire est au centre du testicule.
</paragraph>
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Une seule larve est incubée à la fois dans la cavité cloacale (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3D5C29EB80F9A4FE8CC072" box="[210,310,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1201,1218]" captionTargetBox="[117,645,219,1156]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[93,667,200,1181]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 50. — Eudistoma calliginosum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, partie postérieure de l’abdomen; C, larve. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690127/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Fig. 50C</figureCitation>
). Le tronc mesure
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. Les 3 papilles adhésives larges sont généralement séparées par 2 vésicules aplaties en lamelles; 2 vésicules arron- dies se placent antérieurement et postérieurement. La branchie larvaire est perforée de 2 rangs d’environ 16 stigmates. Les larves, fortement colorées, n’ont pu être observées qu’après un rapide blanchiment à l’hypochlorite de sodium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29E9F7FE78FC9DC7B9" blockId="39.[674,1212,406,1130]" box="[677,807,406,432]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29E9F7FE58FB96C7E7" blockId="39.[674,1212,406,1130]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Cette espèce est remarquable par l’intensité de sa coloration bleu-marine ou vert-noir.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29E9E9FE1BFBB7C4D9" blockId="39.[674,1212,406,1130]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3D5C29E9E9FE1BFD59C427" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1999" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1999" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E9E9FE1BFCCDC418" box="[699,887,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Eudistoma atrum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1999
</taxonomicName>
, de l’ouest de l’Océan
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a également une pigmentation très foncée mais les zoïdes courts sont disposés en systèmes circulaires, la consistance de la tunique est très différente, les zoïdes ont un abdomen court. La structure de la larve est proche, mais il y a une poche incubatrice.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3D5C29E9E9FD3DFB00C4F9" authority="Monniot F., 2001 d'Afrique" box="[699,1210,723,750]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bituminis">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E9E9FD3DFC2AC4FA" box="[699,912,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Eudistoma bituminis</emphasis>
Monniot F., 2001 d’Afrique
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du Sud a également un pigment très foncé et des colonies massives qui contiennent du sédiment. La larve un peu plus petite diffère par ses nombreuses vésicules épidermiques.
</paragraph>
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Deux espèces ont une larve semblable à celle d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3D5C29E9EBFC7CFCEBC5BC" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[697,849,913,939]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caliginosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E9EBFC7CFCEBC5BC" box="[697,849,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">E. caliginosum</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3D5C29E80BFC7FFC2FC5BC" box="[857,917,913,940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3D5C29E8CEFC7FFCF5C5DC" authority="(Sluiter, 1898) d'Afrique" authorityName="d'Afrique" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="illotum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E8CEFC7FFBE7C5BC" box="[924,1117,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Eudistoma illotum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3D5C29EF3EFC7FFD67C5DC" author="SLUITER C. P." pageId="39" pageNumber="838" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref38039" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1898. - Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Fauna von Sudafrica. Ergebnisse einer Reise von Prof. Max Weber in Jahre 1894. II. Tunicaten von Sud Africa. Zoologischen Jahrbuscher Abtheilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere 11: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1898">Sluiter, 1898</bibRefCitation>
) d’Afrique
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du Sud diffère par la pigmentation de la colonie et a des zoïdes pâles avec de nombreuses larves incolores dans la cavité péribranchiale.
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<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29EF24FC1EFCFAC23E" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Eudistoma bifurcum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a une colonie en lobes vitreux sur une base ensablée, les zoïdes et les larves ne sont pas pigmentés.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

243
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</paragraph>
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<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B3D5C29E9F7FA69FC35C38A" box="[677,911,1415,1439]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</collectionCode>
. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E8E4FA6BFBB0C38A" bold="true" box="[950,1034,1413,1437]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3D5C29E8E4FA6BFBBCC38A" box="[950,1030,1413,1437]" name="Malaysia" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Malaisie</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B3D5C29EF5FFA68FBFCC389" box="[1037,1094,1414,1438]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Manampili, Semporna region,
<date id="334D67D73B3D5C29E806FA4EFC6BC3AF" box="[852,977,1440,1464]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" value="2004-07-27">27.VII.2004</date>
, 6 m, coll. N. J. Pilcher, 0PHG1493-H (
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B3D5C29E811FA55FC2DC3C4" box="[835,919,1467,1491]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">MNHN</collectionCode>
A3
<collectionCode id="21E2D9D23B3D5C29E892FA55FC4FC3C4" box="[960,1013,1467,1491]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">EUD</collectionCode>
297).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3D5C24E9F7FA05FECBC745" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="841" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29E9F7FA05FB9BC015" blockId="39.[677,1057,1514,1539]" box="[677,1057,1514,1539]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B3D5C29E8F8FA05FC6EC015" box="[938,980,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">aster</emphasis>
: étoile.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C29E9F7F9C5FC8FC054" blockId="39.[675,1210,1579,1700]" box="[677,821,1579,1605]" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3D5C26E9F7F9A4FF69C0B3" blockId="39.[675,1210,1579,1700]" lastBlockId="40.[112,648,1420,1700]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="839" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3D5C29E87DF9A4FC35C072" box="[815,911,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="838">Fig. 77D</figureCitation>
) sont encroûtantes, en larges coussins de consistance ferme. L’épaisseur est de
<quantity id="800BECF23B3D5C29E9F7F967FD60C0B3" box="[677,730,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
et la longueur peut atteindre
<quantity id="800BECF23B3D5C29EF4FF967FBDBC0B3" box="[1053,1121,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="838" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
selon le collecteur. La couleur générale est crème ou jaune verdâtre avec des marbrures un peu plus foncées. La surface est lisse ponctuée par les ouvertures des siphons qui sont assez espacées et marquées de 6 points blancs (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B325C26EA48F9E4FE3DC032" box="[282,391,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">Fig. 77D</figureCitation>
). Les siphons buccaux sont disposés en cercles irréguliers autour des orifices cloacaux groupés au centre. L’aspect général rappelle une constellation d’étoiles, d’où le nom d’espèce.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B325C26EBD5FF0DFB21C208" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">A C D E D, E</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B325C26E977FED9FE6AC7FB" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">B A-C</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B325C26EB23FACAFF6FC35C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="839" startId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" targetBox="[111,1212,213,1274]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="474C41173B325C26EB23FACAFF6FC35C" blockId="40.[113,1209,1315,1355]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">
FIG. 51.
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26EBE1FACDFEC3C323" box="[179,377,1315,1332]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">
—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B325C26EB98FACDFEC3C323" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[202,377,1315,1332]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="40" pageNumber="839" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diasterum" status="sp. nov.">Eudistoma diasterum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B325C26EA2CFACAFE17C322" box="[382,429,1316,1333]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26EAEAFACDFE7FC323" bold="true" box="[440,453,1315,1332]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">A</emphasis>
, thorax;
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26E942FACDFDA7C323" bold="true" box="[528,541,1315,1332]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">B</emphasis>
, gonades;
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26E929FACDFD33C323" bold="true" box="[635,649,1315,1332]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">C</emphasis>
, poche incubatrice;
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26E866FACDFCF8C323" bold="true" box="[820,834,1315,1332]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">D</emphasis>
, tube digestif;
<emphasis id="75879D053B325C26E8EDFACDFC71C323" bold="true" box="[959,971,1315,1332]" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">E</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B325C27E9E9FA62FC71C7C6" blockId="40.[675,1212,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="41.[674,1212,216,1130]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="840" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">
La tunique est ferme, translucide dans le formol, sans incrustation ni pelotes fécales. Quelques grains pigmentaires foncés sont situés dans la tunique autour des siphons et au contact des zoïdes. Fixés, les zoïdes sont incolores, mais selon le collecteur leur couleur en vie était bleue ou violette. Les plus grands zoïdes, contractés, mesurent
<quantity id="800BECF23B325C26EF15F9A4FB3CC072" box="[1095,1158,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="839" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
. Les siphons cloacaux sont plus longs que les siphons buccaux (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B325C26E85CF967FCCAC0B3" box="[782,880,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="839">Fig. 51A</figureCitation>
). Les muscles longitudinaux se prolongent en deux forts faisceaux sur l’abdomen.Il existe un espace imperforé antérieur et postérieur à la branchie. Vingt-cinq stigmates au moins ont été comptés d’un côté dans le deuxième rang, ils sont plus nombreux dans le premier rang, lequel est un peu relevé dorsalement. Une poche incubatrice pédonculée est appendue à la base du thorax (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B335C27EF1BFED9FB17C745" box="[1097,1197,311,338]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Fig. 51C</figureCitation>
). Elle existe déjà, isolée par un fort étranglement, avant la maturation des embryons. Trois embryons peuvent être incubés simultanément, mais un seul à la fois est bien développé.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C27E9E9FE3BFBDCC27D" blockId="41.[674,1212,216,1130]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">
L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B335C27E812FE3BFC27C7E7" box="[832,925,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Fig. 51B</figureCitation>
) est épais, terminé avec un prolongement vasculaire. La boucle digestive est droite (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B335C27E9A5FDFBFCE4C427" box="[759,862,533,560]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Fig. 51D</figureCitation>
), l’estomac a une paroi lisse. Le post-estomac est court suivi d’un intestin moyen nettement délimité marqué d’un épaississement en anneau. Les gonades sont logées dans la boucle intestinale. L’ovaire est central entouré d’un anneau de vésicules testiculaires qui disparaissent à la maturation des ovocytes. L’oviducte est particulièrement large. Les larves (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B335C27E81FFD1CFC1DC51A" box="[845,935,754,781]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Fig. 51E</figureCitation>
) ont une forme sphérique. Elles sont particulièrement grosses avec un tronc de
<quantity id="800BECF23B335C27E9F1FCDCFD5EC55A" box="[675,740,818,845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
de long. La queue ne décrit que ¼ de tour. Les 3 papilles adhésives en plateau sont séparées par 4 vésicules épidermiques impaires, arrondies. De chaque côté, à la base des papilles, se situe un renflement transversal avec une indentation médiane plus ou moins marquée.De fines expansions filiformes sont présentes dans la partie antérieure du tronc de la larve (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B335C27E81DFBFEFC11C23C" box="[847,939,1040,1067]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1316,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-19@40.[111,1212,213,1274]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 51. — Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.: A, thorax; B, gonades; C, poche incubatrice; D, tube digestif; E, larve. Échelles: A-C, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4893732/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Fig. 51E</figureCitation>
).Trois rangs de nombreux stigmates sont déjà visibles ainsi que l’ébauche de l’intestin. Ocelle et otolithe sont présents.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C27E9F7FB61FC9DC2B0" blockId="41.[674,1212,1167,1700]" box="[677,807,1167,1193]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C27E9F7FB40FC3DC370" blockId="41.[674,1212,1167,1700]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B335C27E9F7FB40FD65C2FE" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2006" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="2006" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laboutei">
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27E9F7FB40FCCFC2DF" box="[677,885,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Eudistoma laboutei</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2006
</taxonomicName>
de
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B335C27E85AFB20FC3DC2FE" box="[776,903,1230,1257]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
a des larves qui ressemblent beaucoup à celles d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B335C27E82EFB00FBB8C310" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[892,1026,1261,1287]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diasterum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27E82EFB00FBB8C310" box="[892,1026,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">E. diasterum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B335C27EF5BFB03FBFDC31F" box="[1033,1095,1261,1288]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, mais elles sont beaucoup plus petites et il n’y a pas de poche incubatrice. Les colonies des deux espèces ont une forme très différente.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C27E9E9FA82FC17C011" blockId="41.[674,1212,1167,1700]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">
Par la forme des colonies et de grosses larves, cette nouvelle espèce pourrait faire penser à
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B335C27EF6EFA62FB09C3B1" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[1084,1203,1420,1446]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27EF6EFA62FB09C3B1" box="[1084,1203,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">E. glaucum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mais il n’y a ici ni sédiment, ni pelotes fécales dans la tunique. La présence d’une véritable poche incubatrice est originale.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B335C27EB23FA17FE31C037" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690131" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690131" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690131/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" startId="41.[113,124,1529,1546]" targetBox="[117,643,215,1486]" targetPageId="41">
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C27EB23FA17FE31C037" blockId="41.[113,648,1528,1568]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">
FIG. 52. —
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B335C27EB9BFA16FED2C01E" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[201,360,1528,1545]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dioicum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27EB9BFA16FED2C01E" box="[201,360,1528,1545]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">Eudistoma dioicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B335C27EA3EFA17FE21C01D" box="[364,411,1529,1546]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27EAF4FA16FE09C01E" bold="true" box="[422,435,1528,1545]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27EAEEFA16FE73C01E" bold="true" box="[444,457,1528,1545]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">B</emphasis>
, deux zoïdes;
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27E910FA16FDEAC01E" bold="true" box="[578,592,1528,1545]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">C</emphasis>
, larve. Échelles: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0,5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474C41173B335C24E9E9F9E4FECBC745" blockId="41.[674,1212,1167,1700]" lastBlockId="42.[111,647,216,338]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="841" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">
La description d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B335C27E831F9E5FB3EC032" authority="Tokioka, 1967" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1967" box="[867,1156,1546,1573]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marianense">
<emphasis id="75879D053B335C27E831F9E5FC56C033" box="[867,1004,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">E.marianense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B335C27E8A2F9E4FB3EC032" author="TOKIOKA T." box="[1008,1156,1546,1573]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840" pagination="1 - 242" refId="ref38374" refString="TOKIOKA T. 1967. - Pacific Tunicata of the United States National Museum. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 251: 1 - 242." type="journal article" year="1967">Tokioka, 1967</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
nous a incités à examiner le
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B335C27E8D9F9C4FC03C052" box="[907,953,1578,1605]" pageId="41" pageNumber="840">type</typeStatus>
de cette espèce (USNM 11470) obligeamment prêté par la Smithsonian Institution; la larve correspond exactement au dessin de Tokioka et est donc différente de celle d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B305C24EBD7FF37FEBEC6E5" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[133,260,216,242]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diasterum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EBD7FF37FEBEC6E5" box="[133,260,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">E. diasterum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B305C24EA5BFF36FEFAC6E4" box="[265,320,216,243]" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Bien que beaucoup plus grande ici, la larve ressemble à celle d’
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B305C24EAE8FF16FF16C725" authority="Kott, 1998" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1998" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="42" pageNumber="841" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="incubitum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B305C24EAE8FF16FDFEC706" box="[442,580,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="841">E. incubitum</emphasis>
Kott, 1998
</taxonomicName>
. Les zoïdes sont différents en particulier par le nombre de stigmates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="E8E579B08B0E4483462CC803C2DDEFFF" ID-CLB-Dataset="6330" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4690007" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0baa733e-6e79-4600-a069-3a1a9f87fbec" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690007" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618438256252" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise &amp; Monniot, Claude" docDate="2008" docId="CF5AF0013B3E5C2BEBBCFDFAFDE8C765" docLanguage="fr" docName="Zoosystema.30.4.799-872.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 30 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C. 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="836" masterDocId="336388793B1A5C0EEB52FFEEFFBAC617" masterDocTitle="Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical" masterLastPageNumber="872" masterPageNumber="799" pageNumber="835" updateTime="1698936655835" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="922B23772E90FB67A5E70035C6DB6B6A">Compléments sur la diversité des ascidies (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) de l’ouest Pacifique tropical</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="62725E07422AECBD0E1F9FD56B3C3011">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6D38445AA532C873F6E1D34E30F4C609">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="06822A6938901A06E42795030843DA04">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="7FAA28051A2E7EEFA4024CF5F425E56A">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CF5AF0013B3E5C2BEBBCFDFAFDE8C765" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893935" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182485180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5AF0013B3E5C2BEBBCFDFAFDE8C765" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5AF0013B3E5C2BEBBCFDFAFDE8C765" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="836" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3E5C2AEBBCFDFAFD8AC458" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEBBCFDFAFD8AC458" blockId="36.[200,560,532,623]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
<heading id="1C04F67B3B3E5C2AEBBCFDFAFD8AC458" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3E5C2AEBBCFDFAFD8AC458" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coronatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AEBBCFDFAFDB0C438" bold="true" box="[238,522,532,559]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Pseudodistoma coronatum</emphasis>
Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3E5C2AEA7FFDBAFE71C478" box="[301,459,596,623]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEA7FFDBAFE71C478" blockId="36.[200,560,532,623]" box="[301,459,596,623]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
(
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEA66FDBAFE3EC478" box="[308,388,596,623]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Figs 48</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEAC7FDBAFE79C478" box="[405,451,596,623]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">77B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3E5C2AEB23FD63FF50C5EF" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEB23FD63FDCCC4D7" blockId="36.[111,648,653,704]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3E5C2AEB23FD63FF2DC4D7" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996: 145" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityPageNumber="145" authorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coronatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AEB23FD63FEE9C4B2" box="[113,339,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Pseudodistoma coronatum</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp; Monniot C., 1996: 145
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 6A-E, pl. 1H (
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3E5C2AEA07FD46FDD1C4D7" box="[341,619,680,704]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEB23FD36FF50C5EF" blockId="36.[111,649,727,1016]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AEA18FD39FDE2C4F8" bold="true" box="[330,600,727,751]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3E5C2AEA18FD39FDEEC4F8" box="[330,596,727,751]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
NW
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B3E5C2AEB3DFD1CFF5DC51D" box="[111,231,754,778]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="New Ireland" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">New Ireland</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEBBDFD1CFEF5C51D" box="[239,335,754,778]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="45.06" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="-2.751">2°45.06’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEA0AFD1CFE69C51D" box="[344,467,754,778]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="42.84" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="150.714">150°42.84’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AEA89FD1CFDB5C51D" box="[475,527,754,778]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3E5C2AE945FD1CFD3AC51D" box="[535,640,754,778]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" value="1993-10-29">29.X.1993</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, 0CDN1845-P (MNHN A1 PSE 40). — SE Normanby Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEA02FCC9FE05C528" box="[336,447,807,831]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="06.43" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="-10.107166">10°06.43’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEA99FCC9FDF3C528" box="[459,585,807,831]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="57.84" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="150.964">150°57.84’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AE907FCC9FD3AC528" box="[597,640,807,831]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3E5C2AEB21FCAFFF61C54E" box="[115,219,833,857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" value="2002-01-20">20.I.2002</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0CDN8495-S (MNHN A1 PSE 62). —
<collectingRegion id="85378FF53B3E5C2AEBA7FCB5FE00C564" box="[245,442,859,883]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Milne Bay" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Milne Bay Province</collectingRegion>
, Egum Atoll lagoon,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEB21FC98FF6BC599" box="[115,209,886,910]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="24.95" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="-9.415833">9°24.95’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEB88FC98FEEEC599" box="[218,340,886,910]" degrees="151" direction="east" minutes="50.34" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="151.839">151°50.34’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AEA0EFC98FE39C599" box="[348,387,886,910]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3E5C2AEAD9FC98FE51C599" box="[395,491,886,910]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" value="2002-01-12">12.I.2002</date>
, coll. P. L. Colin, CRCHO521 (MNHN A1 PSE 63). — Sud de New Hanover, south side Enang Island,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AEAF8FC45FDBDC5D4" box="[426,519,939,963]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="40.68" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="-2.678">2°40.68’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3E5C2AE95CFC45FD3EC5D4" box="[526,644,939,963]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="28.23" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" precision="9" value="150.4705">150°28.23’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AEB3DFC2BFF19C5CA" box="[111,163,965,989]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="m" value="43.0">43 m</quantity>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3E5C2AEBF9FC2BFEA0C5CA" box="[171,282,965,989]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" value="2003-07-03">3.VII.2003</date>
, coll. CRRF, 0CDN9100-Z (MNHN A1 PSE 69).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3E5C2BEB23FBDEFDE8C765" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="836" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" type="description">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEB23FBDEFEB8C25F" blockId="36.[111,649,1072,1700]" box="[113,258,1072,1098]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AEB23FBA1FCE1C052" blockId="36.[111,649,1072,1700]" lastBlockId="36.[675,1211,1451,1700]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
Les colonies (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEBAEFBA1FEE2C27D" box="[252,344,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="68.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[125,1198,215,1458]" captionTargetId="figure-19@68.[125,1199,214,1458]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIG. 77. — A, Sidneioides japonense Redikorzev, 1913; B, Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996; C, Cystodytes multipapillatus Monniot F., 1988; D, Eudistoma diasterum n. sp.; E, E. dioicum n. sp.; F, E. inauratum Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 2001." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690199/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 77B</figureCitation>
) sont constituées de coussins parfois fixés par une base étroite, ou bien elles se développent en lobes pendants, certains de
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AE910FB60FD3CC2BE" box="[578,646,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
de long pour un diamètre de 0,5 à 1,5 cm. La tunique est opaque, blanc verdâtre, de consistance gélatineuse. Les ouvertures buccales sont réunies en groupes irréguliers. Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEA96FAE3FDFCC33F" box="[452,582,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 48A, B</figureCitation>
) sont allongés selon l’axe de la colonie et atteignent parfois
<quantity id="800BECF23B3E5C2AEB3DFAA2FF10C370" box="[111,170,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
, les post-abdomens sont entrecroisés. Les 2 siphons, en position apicale, ont 6 lobes arrondis (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEB2BFA62FF64C3B0" box="[121,222,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
). Le premier des 3 rangs de stigmates est relevé dorsalement et compte environ 20 perforations de chaque côté. L’abdomen (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AEAE3FA25FDA2C3F1" box="[433,536,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
) est aussi long que le thorax. L’estomac est court avec 4 plis saillants; il est placé aux ⅔ de l’abdomen. Le postestomac est mince, nettement délimité de l’intestin moyen qui est d’abord large puis aminci au fond de la boucle. L’intestin postérieur débute par 2 caeca. Le thorax et l’abdomen sont exactement semblables dans les zoïdes des colonies basses ou digitées. Dans les colonies allongées, les post-abdomens très longs contiennent 1 ovaire à mi-longueur suivi de lobes testiculaires, en 1 ou 2 rangs irréguliers, jusqu’au coeur (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AE9B8F9C4FCF5C052" box="[746,847,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 48C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="138C119F3B3E5C2AE9F7FAA3FB17C363" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" startId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" targetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" targetPageId="36">
<paragraph id="474C41173B3E5C2AE9F7FAA3FB17C363" blockId="36.[675,1209,1356,1396]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">
FIG. 48.—
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3E5C2AE9A7FAA2FB09C349" authority="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C., 1996" authorityName="Monniot F. &amp; Monniot C." authorityYear="1996" box="[757,1203,1356,1374]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="36" pageNumber="835" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coronatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AE9A7FAA2FC72C34A" box="[757,968,1356,1373]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Pseudodistoma coronatum</emphasis>
Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AE9F1FA8DFD0AC363" bold="true" box="[675,688,1379,1396]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AE9E9FA8DFD72C363" bold="true" box="[699,712,1379,1396]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">B</emphasis>
, zoïde en deux parties;
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AE8C2FA8DFC24C363" bold="true" box="[912,926,1379,1396]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="75879D053B3E5C2AE8FAFA8DFC0CC363" bold="true" box="[936,950,1379,1396]" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">D</emphasis>
, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Une larve est incubée contre l’oesophage, sans dilatation en poche (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3E5C2AE8D9F987FC49C093" box="[907,1011,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[677,687,1357,1374]" captionTargetBox="[677,1211,211,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-19@36.[674,1213,208,1327]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 48.— Pseudodistoma coronatum Monniot F.&amp;Monniot C.,1996: A, B, zoïde en deux parties; C, D, autre zoïde. Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690121/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="835">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
). Le tronc mesure
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, la queue décrit un demi-tour. Il y a 3 papilles adhésives courtes et 4 paires de vésicules épidermiques peu saillantes.
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<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEBDAFEF9FDE8C765" blockId="37.[113,646,216,370]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">La forme allongée pendante des colonies vivant le plus profondément est la seule différence trouvée entre les échantillons des différentes récoltes.</paragraph>
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108
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<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BE9ECFBE1FC63C23D" bold="true" box="[702,985,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Cystodytes multipapillatus</emphasis>
Monniot F., 1988
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(
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)
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Monniot F., 1988: 220
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, fig. 10C-E (
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).
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MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. —
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.
</emphasis>
Woodlark Island, barrier reef
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south of Madau Island,
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,
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,
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, coll. P. J. Colin, 0CDN8260-N (MNHN A3 CYS 118).
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La colonie forme une croûte épaisse dont la surface très plane est lisse. De couleur brune, la tunique est translucide en surface laissant deviner les spicules situés plus en profondeur (
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). Les orifices des siphons sont disposés en rosettes de 6 en général. Les zoïdes sont inclus dans des logettes formées par les spicules. Ces capsules sont constituées de spicules en assiettes, densément imbriqués. Ces mêmes spicules se retrouvent plus dispersés dans la couche basale de la tunique et entre les zoïdes, mêlés à des spicules de même forme mais beaucoup plus petits. Les cellules pigmentaires brunes sont arrondies, présentes dans toute la tunique.
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<paragraph id="474C41173B3C5C28EBDAFEF9FEB5C7E7" blockId="38.[111,648,216,560]" pageId="38" pageNumber="837">Les zoïdes ont la forme habituelle du genre. Ils ont 8 lobes à chaque siphon. Une poche incubatrice fait saillie sur l’abdomen et contient une larve qui s’y développe jusqu’à maturité. La larve mesure 1,2 mm pour le tronc. Elle est de couleur rouge vif. De 5 à 9 papilles adhésives sont alignées au pôle antérieur.</paragraph>
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Cette espèce décrite de
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est retrouvée ici pour la première fois.
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140
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<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3F5C2BEB8DFE5BFE6DC7D8" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[223,471,437,464]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BEB8DFE5BFE6DC7D8" bold="true" box="[223,471,437,464]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Pseudodistoma nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3F5C2BEA8CFE58FDA3C7C6" box="[478,537,438,465]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FE9129C3B3F5C2BEA1FFE3BFCD0C57B" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" type="description">
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(
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)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEB23FDFEFDAFC44C" blockId="37.[113,647,526,603]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
<typeStatus id="9848FFB53B3F5C2BEB23FDFEFF6CC432" box="[113,214,528,552]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" type="syntype">SYNTYPES</typeStatus>
. —
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<collectingCountry id="3FE401873B3F5C2BEA5CFDE0FE52C431" box="[270,488,526,550]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Nouvelle-Calédonie</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3F5C2BEAA8FDE0FD3BC431" box="[506,641,526,550]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="07.013" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" precision="1" value="-18.116884">18°07.013’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C727D03B3F5C2BEB23FDC7FEB8C456" box="[113,258,553,577]" degrees="162" direction="east" minutes="52.926" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" precision="1" value="162.8821">162°52.926’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="334D67D73B3F5C2BEA5CFDC7FE2DC456" box="[270,407,553,577]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" value="2003-08-16">16.VIII.2003</date>
(UA 406 st 736), coll. Laboute, 2 colonies (MNHN A1 PSE 74).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEB23FD9AFE5EC49C" blockId="37.[113,484,627,652]" box="[113,484,627,652]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BEA25FD9DFE1CC49D" box="[375,422,627,650]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">niger</emphasis>
: noir.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEB23FD5AFEB8C4DB" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" box="[113,258,692,718]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEB23FD3DFF56C5DC" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Les colonies forment des masses arrondies mamelonnées portées par un pédoncule court incrusté de sable. La plus grande colonie mesure 3,5 cm de haut. La partie supérieure est constituée de lobes soudés dont la surface est lisse sans incrustation. La couleur
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BEBBEFC9CFE89C59C" box="[236,307,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">in vivo</emphasis>
est crème et devient noire après fixation, mais la tunique du pédoncule n’est pas pigmentée.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEBDAFC3EFDEBC23C" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Les zoïdes (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEBAFFC3EFEE0C5FC" box="[253,346,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49A</figureCitation>
) fixés sont incolores et mesurent jusqu’à
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de long. Des prolongements vasculaires font suite au long post-abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEBDAFBC1FE81C3B0" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Les deux siphons sont courts à 6 lobes arrondis (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEB28FBA1FF58C27D" box="[122,226,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49A</figureCitation>
). De chaque côté on compte 10 à 12 faisceaux musculaires longitudinaux sur le thorax qui se prolongent en restant très forts sur l’abdomen qui est généralement très contracté. La branchie a 3 rangs d’une vingtaine de stigmates de chaque côté. L’oesophage est long (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEAC2FB03FE49C31F" box="[400,499,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49D</figureCitation>
) et l’estomac, avec 4 côtes bien marquées se situe aux ⅔ de la longueur de l’abdomen. Le post-estomac est étroit suivi d’un court segment peu renflé qui forme le fond de la boucle intestinale. Le rectum débute par un renflement net.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEBDAFA45FDE0C072" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Le post-abdomen est long et mince (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEAAFFA45FDC3C3D1" box="[509,633,1451,1478]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49A, C</figureCitation>
). L’ovaire est très éloigné de l’abdomen et suivi d’une rangée irrégulière de vésicules testiculaires. Le coeur est terminal. L’extrémité du post-abdomen porte quelques protubérances arrondies entre lesquelles part un long appendice vasculaire (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEABBF9A4FDF7C072" box="[489,589,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BEBDAF987FC0EC7E7" blockId="37.[111,649,692,1700]" lastBlockId="37.[675,1212,216,496]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Une larve (
<figureCitation id="DFC85D923B3F5C2BEBAEF987FEE2C093" box="[252,344,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[677,688,1494,1511]" captionTargetBox="[677,1210,220,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-19@38.[649,1231,201,1467]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 49. — Pseudodistoma nigrum n. sp.: A, zoïde; B, C, zoïde en deux parties; D, détail de l’estomac; E, larve. Échelles: A,2 mm; B-E, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4690125" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4690125/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Fig. 49E</figureCitation>
) est incubée dans une poche incubatrice qui se développe très tôt, à la jonction thorax abdomen. Le tronc mesure
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. Les 3 vésicules adhésives sont divergentes, larges, sur des pédoncules étroits. Elles sont entourées de chaque côté du corps par 6 prolongements digitiformes disposés de la façon suivante: 1 dorsal, 1 ventral et 2 de chaque côté entre les vésicules adhésives. Deux petites ampoules sont accolées à la partie ventrale de la masse viscérale. L’une des larves montre de très nombreux stigmates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BE9F7FDFBFC9DC43A" blockId="37.[674,1210,533,876]" box="[677,807,533,559]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">REMARQUES</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474C41173B3F5C2BE9F7FDDAFCD0C57B" blockId="37.[674,1210,533,876]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">
Par ses colonies nues sur un court pédondule ensablé,
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3F5C2BE986FDBAFC7BC479" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[724,961,596,622]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BE986FDBAFC7BC479" box="[724,961,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">Pseudodistoma nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3F5C2BE89BFDBAFBBCC478" box="[969,1030,596,623]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
se rapproche de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3F5C2BE9F7FD9AFC2AC498" authority="Kott, 1992" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" box="[677,912,628,655]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pilatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BE9F7FD9AFCAAC499" box="[677,784,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">P. pilatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23623CE63B3F5C2BE84AFD9AFC2AC498" author="KOTT P." box="[792,912,628,655]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" pagination="375 - 620" refId="ref36501" refString="KOTT P. 1992. - Th e Australian Ascidiacea. Part 3, Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32 (2): 375 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
du sud de l’Australie. Il en diffère par la couleur noire de la tunique due à des cellules pigmentaires très denses et moins de zoïdes par lobe. Les larves de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3F5C2BE8C8FD3DFBBFC4FA" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" box="[922,1029,723,749]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pilatum">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BE8C8FD3DFBBFC4FA" box="[922,1029,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">P. pilatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sont inconnues, mais il n’est pas fait mention dans la description de cette espèce de la dilatation de la paroi thoracique qui apparaît très tôt et qui formera la poche incubatrice de
<taxonomicName id="80F33A943B3F5C2BE991FCBCFC92C57C" authority="Monniot &amp; Monniot, 2008" authorityName="Monniot &amp; Monniot" authorityYear="2008" box="[707,808,850,875]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75879D053B3F5C2BE991FCBCFC92C57C" box="[707,808,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="836">P. nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB4207E3B3F5C2BE87DFCBFFCD0C57B" box="[815,874,849,876]" pageId="37" pageNumber="836" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Steud. &amp; Hochst.
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<vernacularName id="87193144414516850061AABD71C40185">Seidenhaariges Habichtskraut</vernacularName>
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Art ISFS: 199800 Checklist: 1022780
<taxonomicName id="120FACC5D00C296FD012F8A24E4CDF74" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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<heading id="8D8E7893B62CAD401D720DF94B10CC78">Zusammenfassung</heading>
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Artbeschreibung
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(nach
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)
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:
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hoch, 1-5
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, mit 2-3
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langen einfachen Haaren und vielen Sternhaaren
</emphasis>
,
<normalizedToken id="397A805E057ADE60541BBB70705BBEA4" originalValue="Blätter">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
auch mit
<normalizedToken id="4C61EEE48746E4A877A8B9222A2007D9" originalValue="Drüsenhaaren">Druesenhaaren</normalizedToken>
.
<emphasis id="676B4A0E88CE65F0876B13BDFAEA9CCC" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="9BE67739F392EC3A75AA8A70E3D8F6C8" originalValue="Grundständige">Grundstaendige</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="705850EE59BDE796911A147EBE3F3E62" originalValue="Blätter">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
schmal-lanzettlich, ganzrandig
</emphasis>
, am Grund
<normalizedToken id="95EDB4FDB10A5B9F2F413A4BB5EA0234" originalValue="allmählich">allmaehlich</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="73E7182B2DBF3BF061BD0493043D8EF2" originalValue="verschmälert">verschmaelert</normalizedToken>
, die
<normalizedToken id="B0DD0D8613F6FDAB2B798681A4B1769F" originalValue="grösseren">groesseren</normalizedToken>
8-20mal so lang wie breit.
<normalizedToken id="2E1D26981BD4CD787B303294A54311D4" originalValue="Hülle">Huelle</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="7D8C31215345AA86C8BA7D6CA7B46B55" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8-11 mm</quantity>
lang.
<emphasis id="B6C21DFB3E6D606E930ECCFA22C71370" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="B44FCC5B55EAFB1E24F855B4F4D5CDDA" originalValue="Blüten">Blueten</normalizedToken>
goldgelb
</emphasis>
.
<normalizedToken id="2E588B94E87FD90AF6E252B8E35CEA0F" originalValue="Früchte">Fruechte</normalizedToken>
schwarz, 2-2,5 mm lang, mit gelblichem
<taxonomicName id="DC096504D3E2F164BC32F908B56A5B63" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pappus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C18326DD7EB23D08AB26A14DB1105344" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="143BB7E4FBD47261D629E6C3662B356B">
<normalizedToken id="AC03736F45BD6D847E00E543DB3A3AE9" originalValue="Blütezeit">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
<emphasis id="CB202C1E0E62AF221C62538A6314FE59" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="2430FB2DB6E2563586C3F22C9CA778AA" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: 7-8
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68C63154A013D971F16DAADF6022AB37">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz
<emphasis id="57F395952B8C8EE9CB37C708A7285130" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="382E9D6F72E3C167626AD7A8CFF47783" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Steinige Rasen, auf kalkarmem Boden / alpin / VS
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E44A714DF116AC6903A54429F58AC7D1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="17705F2D187D38D1CBD8F8A27956A80F">
Verbreitung global
<emphasis id="704CD4DF15AEBDA2B6A2578244EC0DE5" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="B7E11A4FCE17596A8AA565D4BCA909F7" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" author="Lauber, K. &amp; Wagner, G. &amp; Gygax, A." location="Bern" publisher="Haupt Verlag" refString="Lauber, K., Wagner, G., Gygax, A. 2018. Flora Helvetica. Haupt Verlag, Bern. ISBN: 978-3-258-08047-5." title="Flora Helvetica" year="2018">Lauber &amp; al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
: Mittel- und
<normalizedToken id="54B5CBAF7F66B22B25A62472D67F9C9C" originalValue="südosteuropäisch">suedosteuropaeisch</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7743828D42E70AE652822BEE4A315AAC" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="78F1341C1E65A719C35DEBFC5AA8C678">
<normalizedToken id="1AEE8A333A5165D3027D62A04A4E060E" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte
<emphasis id="CEB0E3DF4B33572D2CC8BA792681CD54" italics="true">
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="F609B9763AA1D05010DA02E1388CE7A5" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
321-413.h.2n=36
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="14F9D797A23C2B51DE161FBB14C3C9FE" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="43BE437CB980F192E738222DF2A2FBE0">Status</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBC6A28CED62A86A1C4A76A1B316F26A" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="BE7AAE1976FAD945C7F5B7B8BC502E70">
<heading id="811E93A6ECC53782CC9F81279CC10B71">Status IUCN</heading>
: Potenziell
<normalizedToken id="BD26213DF835F7BA15D150913924B2BA" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0BC44950FA2853E32B75DE323BC132C" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="5F70B31D52C4C3EB16E257BE9D1D9355">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="2F3188326E5CF5B1CE831BF8A92E70E2" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
: 4 -
<normalizedToken id="92124607B9A32C598BC1D745953A659F" originalValue="Mässige">Maessige</normalizedToken>
nationale
<normalizedToken id="198BED0F96ABE97DD2FB727E46443781" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41BCCEF7CD42FB2B3FED732A8E74E6B">
<heading id="028A4940FAE9D14CEE92605EA67A47B9">Internationale Verantwortung</heading>
: 2 - Mittel Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="E63F0BB26CA13A5698DABF891550C4BB" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="364A045215854C955E72B99E34375EA1" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
Wenige isolierte Vorkommen, kleines Verbreitungsgebiet
<normalizedToken id="4D2D2806D18325ACB74362336399BF93" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (
<normalizedToken id="AD7D147D91A1D0C38579E72AF8DE5DF0" originalValue="Bautätigkeiten">Bautaetigkeiten</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFE5A02769ABF648621491D53AF83BE0">
<heading id="4924E40109C695A07FFC5E05D1355AD1">
<normalizedToken id="9B127C301D32B5EA759B6AA92FB74770" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AFCA93C52DCAC4226D5092F9D73C4045">
Lebensform
<normalizedToken id="F26FCF2C59E8064E355FB23E9013FE01" originalValue="Mehrjähriger">Mehrjaehriger</normalizedToken>
Hemikryptophyt
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3549501660D2248168106FB6225D121C">
<heading id="1921DCDC47CD49D36D31F33370042563">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="760EACB1207BC8AA66308E623F051D7E" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie – Gefährdung – Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A29792C47297EEF2E7739E374EB55AA">
<table id="8EE13CEBC6246FFF79CBC0A1FEA7A40F" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="18F736FFD4E9F4EEACB5CD54A75BBA7B">
<tr id="39CA7662694A2B81C2C69709221EDA81">
<td id="1A36DD1E7360A16E2BBFA7168115CE9D">
3.3.2.2 - Alpine Silikatschuttflur (
<emphasis id="5BFD62423A89B8DEE9035E4A984DF46F" italics="true">Androsacion alpinae</emphasis>
)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3CCB851472CC21ACFFFCEEF72229192">
<tableNote id="44F4A4B9D47A64EABBC88616E79A841A">
<emphasis id="2400AABB2254842919E0EFFF02ED2BA2" bold="true">fett</emphasis>
<emphasis id="36891B53746751F9C95B28755F281AF6" italics="true">
Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes
<normalizedToken id="D0666CB4BB07032742BBF317C7500C0A" originalValue="mitprägt">mitpraegt</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B02C7B868AE2FF9E4DCB44D3F4F2981F" italics="true">Charakterart</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F266FD76D5454B6F82025499F9FE4F55" italics="true">Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art</emphasis>
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4F3E13D488FBFD5B0E5304CDBC17380E" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DA883C6081FE98F44D627A12C9AD93FF">
<normalizedToken id="CA69D56EF48A0BA97B8BDF5FBB9205C3" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="5CF60A13CE4ADD5B7C36AA8647E2D74A" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D19542025E9DDE5CFC592F92255B2E87">
<table id="8F08203BF5493DE46838F4B3E0A07328" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="FB4EB2C60D037D601AA80393CEE40540">
<tr id="3ED7B51005A52630E47D68465BFFAA36">
<th id="28B8ADAD680580B98AE029420BFFC255" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="ADCE3F892BB6CCCF23AE4701AA9C6ED3" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="09073DD97D39A4EC4729BD394D294D30" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="5742F149114F46B1E68E12DDFDF85241" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A575843E288574AB376BC14122359C48" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="CC0DBB340429865A8BB89E19EDB9C8E2" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1EC0F575B43804E11F147F3B825E78C7">
<td id="EC30F1C7D3F8E3FBD9AB823FAAC83085">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="052DF9C901530008C9A4BD837ABBB2C4" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
<normalizedToken id="0771E61699200B519C18A31E815E45C5" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
feucht
</td>
<td id="F40FE47288EF7DDBAEFB09C4A41A130C">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="AE0A0888D50D6C616D70A2B82AE8F584" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
<td id="59CB770DC7C86457886C9F3B013B9782">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="3A506A439D348C0345B86B21B0DEB770" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="956C663CE4F04F138F93AD742674C713">
<td id="5C63B24BC1B4D143A7A43356E170DEA5">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="D2B19486A4A139EC5FEF047CCBB12A40" style="text-align:left">sauer (pH 3.5-6.5)</td>
<td id="30E1DB55209CAC9984F4A407971E8D5A">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="4DA3F85FF8346BFFB4426B8229E23538" style="text-align:left">alpin und nival (von der Baumgrenze bis zur Schneegrenze)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AB9F4F5596D435EC33110154543638AC">
<td id="E6AE6272BC42600378B326EEC4C73085">
<normalizedToken id="5F6735B43FAE9E7308F47E7BF331E974" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="3041991175DCA6E8EAB472EB821EED57" style="text-align:left">
sehr
<normalizedToken id="EBB00942F41413657F4F20846CF5A736" originalValue="nährstoffarm">naehrstoffarm</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="5EED7DE01FF701D8BFACF76C2F3B5254">
<normalizedToken id="9969CADE3A62EE7FEBF8D4D3F600BA23" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="C50C32B859F030838B697A99D6030E09" style="text-align:left">
subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit,
<normalizedToken id="EFBF65CA17DC5159319AA0B9F36EB131" originalValue="mässige">maessige</normalizedToken>
Temperaturschwankungen und
<normalizedToken id="C2EA72B3883930C3DF4E56BA8243FBE8" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49E31AB874D18897FCAB0EF788EA593E" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="54719479B828EC91DB4C7890587508DB">
<normalizedToken id="B6E2068C045AD3E666A34030C0841256" originalValue="Abhängigkeit">Abhaengigkeit</normalizedToken>
vom Wasser
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A55FEAB357EC9351299DEB251EE7A46F">
<table id="AC7419CFE0BE6FD5187943548D643000" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="54F877C013A71B729E4136139A3F0B8B">
<tr id="55D115D84D81FE7C45629AFC2A6751A6">
<td id="523E299368A4A95EF34113345E6CF9C4">
<normalizedToken id="879464A9500FABF516DA14BD959EE00C" originalValue="Flüsse">Fluesse</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="79B312CABFC0D8C45AB940D4F4F68E3E">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A192E07D100DABB462E8576D29B01CE0">
<td id="5D9955FB1FE6252FDF9A754D79B17127">Ruhiges Wasser</td>
<td id="E7C4E00D3055EBA7C5ACCD5A9622715D">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E1B5B82EC9BBEEF9CE43B91B0EDB86BE">
<td id="1B2D1C8A91861A2E7730CF7CB784E8FE">Grundwasser</td>
<td id="939D0F944D68D98B9DCCAC62C993BCF9">0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5BC346492F4C5BED767E3691107B0549">
<heading id="E8810369EB8F7FF413217CEEF7BEC0B2">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C625D22093D4E68E2F4B736E4B857AD">
<heading id="C980D2115258BCD796D7919CE04BA776">
<normalizedToken id="31BC2184486034789CE7ADEF36CF8E73" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="727696CFAA6DA5C454996FB90307BC2F" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="177B126607AD02A4F6D330415EDEDAD8" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="4555334012556996867D402429F0E1C7" italics="true">Hieracium alpicola</emphasis>
Steud. &amp; Hochst.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0F71A538119881310CA5A300FBD8D26C" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="3579B301BB2878F9FDD5F71388890DCD">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="B85B4C09ADBD159A01B3A21861CD6940" language="deu">Seidenhaariges Habichtskraut</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="2B437B8046BE7582697239B570C546D0" language="deu">Alpenbewohnendes Habichtskraut</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="C38E99EF290441842A1F071E5158DBFB" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="6F98476A6AEF6F86EFE14A9767F7D489" language="fra">
<normalizedToken id="88A133BA285EA6A5AF7C0EB87451BC84" originalValue="Epervière">Eperviere</normalizedToken>
alpicole
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="483558F0833D2561B3AFAEA955E2416D" language="ita">Sparviere delle Alpi</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="05D49441F3B3C3AA843BADBAB1706847" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="65B9781E27344BEA2C9E21FC28EB4B1D">
<normalizedToken id="0E03C9EC93EFEF6C58E5BECDE147CE05" originalValue="Übereinstimmung">Uebereinstimmung</normalizedToken>
mit anderen Referenzwerken
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2BB15CD2546A0BAE77177F7C242B00DF">
<table id="0D12E26DD539CF7F8C130D7405AC903B" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="5BB2D9785D299007B2EF40931862BD33">
<tr id="0BE5F9AD7E4BC70A4E2F83966481D122">
<th id="EC6A5B6B0CB4C506CA6179CC08DAE77A" width="80px">Relation</th>
<th id="DCD920EE4DEA1B0171F4FE7226E1353A">Nom</th>
<th id="15C29619B23AA12C3A577964FD1FAAAC">Referenzwerke</th>
<th id="99C393268F8CC8A5A2B7900D5DAFE973" width="90px">No</th>
</tr>
<tr id="DAF66DCB036397FFB4EE6CCA00A60E27">
<td id="9BBF7731078A126DB749B21D91531D92" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="5AA95331BBCFCF0729882F151C3B8606">
<taxonomicName id="757AA0977C970A056B9ABA9AFDE20CD4" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="CEC3DB408E598B32BE70C77C55439FBA">
<treatmentCitation id="5AEC66923D2388575066DF33D875E66C">
<bibRefCitation id="7D4FD9CE667A2402707EA2FA753B851A" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="55A477D87DF5453D22EFD69DC42DE194">199800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1C65CFD4BA4FE9315E8FE6C9C7A087F6">
<td id="171211205626F79F2545D3AE1AC69595" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="EF3361E79B65CC2D1B0B17D14C0F27BD">
<taxonomicName id="08182FB0B6684B279814A1AB11D002FF" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D84B90356F4E156A5FC500E06E82253F">
<treatmentCitation id="4147EF5553A2FFC13620B0D55E6D05D2">
<bibRefCitation id="58DAB5C519EAF9CDC4D3554C2A31AD73">Flora Helvetica 2001</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="FFA0024E059D00ECEC63D0CE4E6977D7">2351</td>
</tr>
<tr id="45229E79C6CEBC6F4946D87F68DA743F">
<td id="22EDDB60C7E5D1B14163E00A94903945" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="5063FA8C638FFFC17A771460B783335B">
<taxonomicName id="E6DF7B0B6F806B472BC56D979999018A" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="9FD65B68AE779D41B395C501E20DC073">
<treatmentCitation id="F9335BD579591C51B4C298AF097D7124">
<bibRefCitation id="EC533DF4363217BD841B9903A9B36575">Flora Helvetica 2012</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="14E31B22DE2911A25BEFB19A0B4C7646">2339</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6A5EA866A3C627EF309F636312469DC2">
<td id="682666D7E39C8AED719D8A28AC245E68" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="46E1B6808A5AE21BEA36E0D1EED915E0">
<taxonomicName id="7AF4144B9242F9B059C3521BD434B3C1" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="5C4D6D2DA1035EA081C62870CD73C870">
<treatmentCitation id="3B066605B660B1D378C9036ED5983A11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C0E61B483CADCD038D52F4B6AB5A8CB">
<bibRefCitation id="ACFC636F6973CCA183D828970DC78CAB">Flora Helvetica 2018</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="E1479F35EF20607D9E8D0CDD502FCD0B">2339</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ECFD005965D724A4E89A1A36B6C9395">
<td id="51E6EE103031A624A719C32DB4231048" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="7A61DB6B7FE4C644CF5E75392DA8A531">
<taxonomicName id="634315FD111CF15973C7BED87D3D6511" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="AC1CD9ECE9F547B62A9DBB1FCAD34F24">
<treatmentCitation id="8F57E927A2910B21195320BF65339CA3">
<bibRefCitation id="B77628DC6357A884930AD31426DCD4FE">Index synonymique 1996</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="3DD8B7A9F7DE8D3ACBBBB78946D2F0B6">199800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="85C2853FEA1D4D2D20B948F3F93783E6">
<td id="5CF84F377E892DD644E6D802D92AD2D4" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="0C0536697EAD213FC1A4ECD5D542EA07">
<taxonomicName id="51D7FD90BB967068C08EEE8E7A20F80A" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="8387C308AF4EAE08045CC1B1B91E413E">
<treatmentCitation id="6EECDC77B0C975ED61353A70C8530904">
<bibRefCitation id="BFECE135EA42C3E830FDE36B2E70DF9D">Landolt 1977</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="7D30922E9FC2BE2D7DE1F9C4978FE374">3340</td>
</tr>
<tr id="45F79BD57ED7368B42FE5620B710A19D">
<td id="E6D5BAB1B857ED144ECF4295B3B51AD6" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="31C74ECE22E26B3D4D562A826FF75E30">
<taxonomicName id="77EEEAA3330BB88F15D68D2994547524" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="BE1C1EB73689888C734EAD3CC14D7273">
<treatmentCitation id="74A5918D05C69B614652568365827361">
<bibRefCitation id="C6257A597F39C7599B1C0C442D06AC5C">Landolt 1991</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="238BB7BA4DA5AB57EF570BAAFBFF2643">2674</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1A501FC40CFBEE7F4F8E545B4D535CC4">
<td id="063135B7FE3A48740AFBCB63FBDB6829" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="77C74B4B0DFD627418F60031A516F38A">
<taxonomicName id="A2F1E6C3AFD026128ADDC8C3376D3E7B" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="78858266C3FA56A053FF1C59196F5E00">
<treatmentCitation id="2A748B720BB08297A83AC93B45A096DA">
<bibRefCitation id="AA24FA3B0ACC8EFB6FE5C6AD5E77D70D">SISF/ISFS 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="5280930A8DB56FF209561450AA370FAE">199800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="12503876EED6CE45F346E9F69DE0A75B">
<td id="17F19B4346C3C87ACCCC65590848246A" class="taxon-relation">=</td>
<td id="2AA4E8F9AEF27DF3AF028D6DA289811F">
<taxonomicName id="DC0EBF8A983C17F402AE7D3836A69BC1" authority="Steud. &amp; Hochst." authorityName="Steud. &amp; Hochst." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpicola">Hieracium alpicola Steud. &amp; Hochst.</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="A7788239B37B394B6789988B593F0A1A">
<treatmentCitation id="3A518365334059E12F069C1643A61885">
<bibRefCitation id="01434D2B1F992C869C2C30C4934D70EB">Welten &amp; Sutter 1982</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</td>
<td id="1F42A9E0F1B785B2DE38B707F9043B0D">1991</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F05E4A09C8D6EB786FECCDA8B0590C95">
<tableNote id="C1EC0B38BDD3B634F6CDDA04C212B02F">
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon
<normalizedToken id="AD718D4F96AF8CDE871CF31A4A770A3F" originalValue="überein">ueberein</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A70E26AC3D73F94D6956E5F20871DCA5" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) &lt;Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="E67AEF9A379C214DCC04AD2E2362DF22" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
) enthalten&gt; Taxon
<normalizedToken id="CDB85496426788E1183D6C9CE112D265" originalValue="enthält">enthaelt</normalizedToken>
(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="E3823F92E692631966079487CA03A1F5" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6677C7E548E1B33BCE5BC969D919717D" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="9DFA5A4B08AADE7CFDD79381CE606736">
<heading id="246FD71B528EFA810D6072FECD0807D3">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Indigen
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28E316493146000263B4E09A443037C7">
<emphasis id="4807568571C47B585E6DFBCCDE64081D" bold="true">
<heading id="B5441979CED58EFFE7645F8C4C9CBBF6">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="BAC1A612792AFFC99E7C4C390AF9CC8F" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="D15843CA12FC7DC0B5E820402891F682" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDA3D94C1CD1E62F8F3CE4792603384C">
<heading id="D399D7EF3F2EAC4EDFE5A45710A1EF46">Status Rote Liste national 2016</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E6A44D9D325EF85A3C6655F1A57ED8A">
<heading id="6E8F3FD68A1407496D24D49010BE788E">Status IUCN</heading>
: Potenziell
<normalizedToken id="DC3B9F241B097603B11E2B9D3FE69D52" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20A816CD6A95458B8852632B7FD12C7D">
<heading id="04E3E943B80FC914FB76827E65ADFDCA">
<normalizedToken id="89184E61F984A1AA5C03C035D43CCF86" originalValue="Zusätzliche">Zusaetzliche</normalizedToken>
Informationen
</heading>
Kriterien IUCN: C1; C2a(i)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="538C9509B5DCAB965934330F7106341F">
<heading id="EAB182EE5AF22C4379FD04D1D63A84F8">Status Rote Liste regional 2019</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A089D5643A8317D64BC74C2B35DBEF9">
<table id="65CED4E060289425E5C27A6D712A82A2" class="table table-condensed" inLine="true">
<tbody id="3D908590B8EB79BCF5FF847D57492E88">
<tr id="B235DBB1D33A81471B63A2F7A4B63089">
<th id="D00F75595425018A5CCD672586083724">Biogeografische Regionen</th>
<th id="620687911D4ADF92AB91E6F456E6E1B1">Status</th>
<th id="CEF2E57484CF8DFA14EE9C962662EB7E">Kriterien IUCN</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F6AA06C8386AB68745FC4EA0080E92F9">
<td id="707592DFD16FE8E4ECF9C81455EE2B6E" class="regional_status">Jura (JU)</td>
<td id="50C503C81E206AB04AE8EAEEA9AC5D11">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A87EAD20AAD1EE22D8F49330FDB7944A">
<td id="442ED0FB239185EB3D12D38C191C867D" class="regional_status">Mittelland (MP)</td>
<td id="CDF274CBBD64A628E9BA501C234F7FD4">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="58EE5737F4506386ACD4DED0FF3B62AE">
<td id="8996BF3591B76AE7221B2079D73DDEC5" class="regional_status">Alpennordflanke (NA)</td>
<td id="0238DBF61CCD5D2F758E78A115EB6B33">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="776E14618D1E540722CAA594E1D0FBDD">
<td id="D476F437557055BA664F3D4C14763FF6" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="23A25C1BA37D677AE60E7F1C8F5E7495" originalValue="Alpensüdflanke">Alpensuedflanke</normalizedToken>
(SA)
</td>
<td id="83483915FF4FBEBAAECC3D55C3DC7B99">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4BEC4F4D4B314B5B04311D453CDBF45A">
<td id="B0969315838C75EBA98E0F38FC0388D8" class="regional_status">
<normalizedToken id="8E812283841E762739B6AB6B85DC7F65" originalValue="Östliche">Oestliche</normalizedToken>
Zentralalpen (EA)
</td>
<td id="D59C3128865A1779DC6F141B8AC7E60B">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EF851EAA02EB1A452858181634FE5A1E">
<td id="CEFD805A1EA3A20E4853947B45F383B9" class="regional_status">Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)</td>
<td id="DDFE1CF8D15149E98BC37F8B57AEDA1E">
potenziell
<normalizedToken id="D4E0B942834C89BD612E99C8C91B2B3A" originalValue="gefährdet">gefaehrdet</normalizedToken>
(Near Threatened)
</td>
<td id="A1511B13F49E10435B1C7DB51655ADB9">C1; C2a(i)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E803D817DF2C96C24741A9F5A05E1A74">
<heading id="583E5C64EB4E7D0890432C9D31E86725">
Status nationale
<normalizedToken id="FCE114833C972D0F1AABCA00E10441A6" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
/Verantwortung
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6504B0EA86833549A244AF49466E2C7">
<table id="F261CDA612D8DF4C8DE0D44147E35830" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="6DD62E2AB998D9B0822E6C6A7109D04E">
<tr id="7D4022DD75CA430BBE4330A37E88FE1B">
<td id="DDAB4E1148ADD1ED3C9F74F473FAE8BA" style="width:50%">
<emphasis id="F0B3238EEAD4D8E3E171986DE8073CF6" bold="true">
Nationale
<normalizedToken id="8F1E87EEC68D6998380CEB09A4ADCF61" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="0E22DCE6A08FE13F06E0183096AE4126">
4 -
<normalizedToken id="C0FEAD9F08F5165EC3FB5DCE899BB776" originalValue="Mässige">Maessige</normalizedToken>
nationale
<normalizedToken id="841568A26DC8BF1EA03A27450B5A8C79" originalValue="Priorität">Prioritaet</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BD8DA9FA1907D7F94626A0BAFD2A2C6">
<td id="05E17C98B6AE900033C935339F9C6993">
<emphasis id="B6F5AF3BA68E9E9D2854203E16D86D2A" bold="true">Massnahmenbedarf</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="A4E4AC7459DE7D3F23DFA8DF3B958440">0 - Kein Massnahmebedarf</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2FC3D3253D125E45587A4EB281BB8BE7">
<td id="D1E94C80F5A0158CCDD76CCB7C37EFF8">
<heading id="20ADF908AA7F888EE432DAB1B17F8D09">
<emphasis id="778F6C82F514E397D483B161D111E416" bold="true">Internationale Verantwortung</emphasis>
</heading>
</td>
<td id="E3A54BBBEFC6EA83FD6D638FC1D9EED8">2 - Mittel</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B7E287C1B5DF6905A190BBC07911351C">
<td id="7DCEFCA9EF99CE22E4D0FBA874B641E0">
<emphasis id="FFD7EE1CF7CCFF4426EBB1B67D37B027" bold="true">
<normalizedToken id="DEB51B4E96FAE08491F6CCFB644B4CC7" originalValue="Überwachung">Ueberwachung</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1F880B1345C868F9337D92D790F977A4" originalValue="Bestände">Bestaende</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="64ACC02967205B303F735D104B4D041B">
0 -
<normalizedToken id="0F6E3CFAF076E3222C2D7244E44D558A" originalValue="Überwachung">Ueberwachung</normalizedToken>
ist nicht
<normalizedToken id="5D1C1D6585046C442F0DDDD9090E5A3C" originalValue="nötig">noetig</normalizedToken>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE1714561EEBFB88419FE7DECA18542A">
<heading id="89E44A35FF8D3A703F46B07F22741452">Schutzstatus</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F667077C6912983DBC17DF513FE6A94">
<table id="F4B6DDE33D6321C92B237F2BC0E9115E" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="B6512E419B28661A340D20664495498E">
<td id="997DAF97C365066D8D3792BE7015B059">Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="922C5E2947EE406D579FD22DF902961F" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B0C14FCFC4C1D9FDFEF5497D1B91426E">
Erhalten/
<normalizedToken id="586E366A82EF2B7B0A052E6C2AF31EB1" originalValue="Fördern">Foerdern</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A31810872DB6B0E7ED46D3B40D75B63E" originalValue="Gefährdungen">Gefaehrdungen</normalizedToken>
und Massnahmen Wenige isolierte Vorkommen, kleines Verbreitungsgebiet Schutz der Fundstellen (Mikroreservate)
<normalizedToken id="B400366ACB70023741D279EA2C00D7C2" originalValue="Regelmässige">Regelmaessige</normalizedToken>
Bestandeskontrollen (Monitoring)
<normalizedToken id="EE90B12019F30489FB5D9B4DEEC9E942" originalValue="Zerstörung">Zerstoerung</normalizedToken>
des Lebensraums (
<normalizedToken id="83103052E488FEF437FF4A007B72AD2E" originalValue="Bautätigkeiten">Bautaetigkeiten</normalizedToken>
) Keine neue
<normalizedToken id="872702EEE79EFF270CDAFB520ADE4C3C" originalValue="Bautätigkeit">Bautaetigkeit</normalizedToken>
in der
<normalizedToken id="DC642DE25CD3A323430305FAD76D7509" originalValue="näheren">naeheren</normalizedToken>
Umgebung von aktuellen Vorkommen zulassen Detailkartierung
<normalizedToken id="7B3D1B8657FEEEB050242C755685C7BC" originalValue="vorgängig">vorgaengig</normalizedToken>
an Vorhaben im Tourismus (Beschneiungsanlagen, Pistenkorrekturen, Bergstationen, Zufahrtswege, Bahnanlagen, Rodelbahnen,
<normalizedToken id="5535656EB4514C65F6BEC7F22A789113" originalValue="Spielplätze">Spielplaetze</normalizedToken>
etc.) Fundbereiche
<normalizedToken id="E518E9B66EC83B5EE2138B77FC360DBA" originalValue="grosszügig">grosszuegig</normalizedToken>
von jeglichen Baumassnahmen des Tourismus freihalten Ex situ Material Close
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>