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<document id="439B2EA957E0FA76F339990F621A6DDC" ID-CLB-Dataset="37345" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12477" ID-GBIF-Dataset="83e62a56-2140-439c-88fc-5573f28a0519" ID-Zenodo-Dep="269437" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484079880433" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Roman Alther, Cene Fišer & Florian Altermatt" docDate="2016" docId="CF213B4D7E3CFFB5FC49FE13FB00DB2E" docLanguage="en" docName="Alther_et_al_2016.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 178" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Gammarus alpinus Alther, Fišer & Altermatt, 2016, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="331843357E3BFFBFFFC9FF87FFA6DF7D" masterDocTitle="Description of a widely distributed but overlooked amphipod species in the European Alps" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698435422634" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="0738953363AE6A2137FC472781B2A049" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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||||
<mods:titleInfo id="375D0FBBCEFB121BE2935678A7E53C9D">
|
||||
<mods:title id="7AA5D20B45A1D7CA22E32672DAA7D597">Description of a widely distributed but overlooked amphipod species in the European Alps</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="1CB625D719C70802D630B532CDD51F1F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="49C47759BE7265B3C971D321C9E87A84">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CB1C839D0221070ED643AEAE06453F4E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="4214FE0671227AB9FD279C385901F9ED">Roman Alther</mods:namePart>
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||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="5B2269DEBDB987F09FCA99A2B85206B1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5410CF9E7807AE24EBEC42AD77459A86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="9689F98B6B00C554235EE8C876C2682D">Cene Fišer</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="A9F54A5F8A6722458C20B474E65BD670" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DB1471EFA274FC52EF60609507AE9FA8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B54CCB93335A66B0140E742369FB92BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="2318FAF6A710F5CFCD9697C7E7A012AD">Florian Altermatt</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8D1DE848DDEBE3840A3C3777C74A4338">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6C9CA0054A3326F0D87F592B13223BA1">
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<mods:title id="8C90093FD267817CC8006D57FFD89F94">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0D5AD7DE280916D1F52790DF9170269E">
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||||
<mods:date id="FD6C76E6FC002E731FB2C6FC17A7D839">2016</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail id="1EF0FEBAF4D310ADFDFEB37865F87C5A" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="5A2EFBC7385FE2A4F4C25887274DFA55">178</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="452F8FCB2D7434FFBDFB80EA377505A8" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="8295EDD67596AD34AE198CF784B6A87C">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="45D6683F256B5AD156C5C4802626B8BF">16</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="1F4C271FD0995B5E1EC8E2BB85AA2A29">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4ECE2521140C68B406F44C90B6B97C8A" type="CLB-Dataset">37345</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3FC43F9FE7EFCEE53C0D4506554E3B3C" type="DOI">10.1111/zoj.12477</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7DE5FE7028DD100346197EA6929E9F8E" type="GBIF-Dataset">83e62a56-2140-439c-88fc-5573f28a0519</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="661536D675FF2D6E9D999C136785ED87" type="Zenodo-Dep">269437</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="CF213B4D7E3CFFB5FC49FE13FB00DB2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6055336" ID-GBIF-Taxon="126104560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6055336" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF213B4D7E3CFFB5FC49FE13FB00DB2E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF213B4D7E3CFFB5FC49FE13FB00DB2E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E3CFFB8FC49FE13FAC7DEDA" box="[896,1377,397,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FC49FE13FAC7DEDA" blockId="7.[862,1412,305,423]" box="[896,1377,397,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E3CFFB8FC49FE13FBCDDED8" ID-CoL="7ZKBB" box="[896,1131,404,421]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus" status="sp. nov.">GAMMARUS ALPINUS</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FBBCFE13FB7DDEDA" bold="true" box="[1141,1243,397,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E3CFFB8FBBCFE13FB7DDEDA" box="[1141,1243,397,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E3CFFB8FB24FE12FA9EDEDA" box="[1261,1336,397,423]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGS 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E3CFFB8FA81FE0AFAFEDEDA" box="[1352,1368,397,423]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[807,886,1016,1035]" captionTargetBox="[815,1413,198,983]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[815,1413,198,983]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Mouthparts of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, left and right maxilliped; B, mandibular palp, inner face; C, maxilla 2; D, maxilla 1; E, labium / upper lip; F, labrum / lower lip. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269441/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E3CFFB8FCF4FE5EFBEFDD14" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FE5EFB13DD70" blockId="7.[829,1444,472,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FCF4FE5EFBE5DD70" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
References (that now most likely have to be considered
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E3CFFB8FC77FE70FBE5DD70" ID-CoL="7ZKBB" box="[958,1091,503,525]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FC77FE70FBE5DD70" bold="true" box="[958,1091,503,525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E3CFFB8FB82FE70FB0BDD71" box="[1099,1197,503,524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FD91FBEFDD14" blockId="7.[829,1444,472,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
1, 2, 8, 12, 14
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FC2EFD91FC55DD56" box="[999,1011,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">–</emphasis>
|
||||
16, 19, 22, 35
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FB5EFD91FB05DD56" box="[1175,1187,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">–</emphasis>
|
||||
38, 45, 46, 49, 52
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FABCFD91FA27DD56" box="[1397,1409,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">–</emphasis>
|
||||
54, 65, 66, 72, 73, 83
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FBCEFDB2FBB5DD37" box="[1031,1043,565,586]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">–</emphasis>
|
||||
86, 94, 101 and 102 in Supporting Information (Table S1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E3CFFB7FCF4FD17FE20D847" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FD17FC69DDD8" blockId="7.[829,1444,656,769]" box="[829,975,656,677]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FCF4FD17FC69DDD8" box="[829,975,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type locality</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FD29FA85DC7C" blockId="7.[829,1444,656,769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="F7E080067E3CFFB8FCF4FD29FA85DC7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424522289" collectionCode="CH" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.496674" location="Lej da San Murezzan (Lake St. Moritz)" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="9.847513" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="GBIFCH 00329236" specimenCount="1" type="holotype" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<location id="4257DC807E3CFFB8FCF4FD29FAA1DDB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF213B4D7E3CFFB5FC49FE13FB00DB2E:4257DC807E3CFFB8FCF4FD29FAA1DDB9" box="[829,1287,686,708]" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.496674" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="9.847513" name="Lej da San Murezzan (Lake St. Moritz)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lej da San Murezzan (Lake St. Moritz)</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="3F9FCACB7E3CFFB8FADDFD29FA06DDB9" box="[1300,1440,686,708]" name="Switzerland" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="22BCEC9C7E3CFFB8FCF4FD4AFC77DD9F" box="[829,977,712,739]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="9.847513">
|
||||
9°50
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||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FCB9FD4FFCD3DDAA" box="[880,885,712,727]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">′</emphasis>
|
||||
51.05
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FC7AFD4BFC1BDD9F" bold="true" box="[947,957,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">″</emphasis>
|
||||
E
|
||||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="22BCEC9C7E3CFFB8FC2BFD4AFB25DD9F" box="[994,1155,712,739]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="46.496674">
|
||||
46°29
|
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<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FBEBFD4FFB81DDAA" box="[1058,1063,712,727]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">′</emphasis>
|
||||
48.02
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FBACFD4BFBC9DD9F" bold="true" box="[1125,1135,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">″</emphasis>
|
||||
N
|
||||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
[WGS84], equivalent to
|
||||
<quantity id="807027BE7E3CFFB8FCF4FD6CFC08DC7C" box="[829,942,747,769]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.84901" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="784901.0">784901 m</quantity>
|
||||
E,
|
||||
<quantity id="807027BE7E3CFFB8FC1FFD6CFBE1DC7C" box="[982,1095,747,769]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52323" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="152323.0">152323 m</quantity>
|
||||
N [
|
||||
<specimenCode id="172E22207E3CFFB8FBB8FD6CFABFDC7C" box="[1137,1305,747,769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CH1903/LV03</specimenCode>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="13F7DAD37E3CFFB8FF6FFD3BFCAEDCE1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FF6FFD3BFCAEDCE1" blockId="7.[166,781,700,924]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FF6FFD3BFEB6DDB2" bold="true" box="[166,272,700,719]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Pairwise differences of COI sequences support species status. Clade divergence as pairwise differences (K2P-corrected) indicates alpine
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<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FDC3FD70FD48DC77" bold="true" box="[522,750,758,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E3CFFB8FDC3FD70FD23DC77" box="[522,645,758,778]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FDC3FD70FD23DC77" bold="true" box="[522,645,758,778]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E3CFFB8FD59FD70FD48DC77" box="[656,750,759,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
to be different from all other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E3CFFB8FE16FC93FDFFDC5A" box="[479,601,788,807]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FE16FC93FDFFDC5A" box="[479,601,788,807]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sequences published so far. This diagram supports the species status of the alpine gammarid specimens but does not suggest a further distinction into separate alpine species, as pairwise distances fall into the distances observed worldwide.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FC99FBB2DC4E" blockId="7.[829,1444,798,911]" box="[829,1044,798,819]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FCF4FC99FBB2DC4E" box="[829,1044,798,819]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FCBAFB6EDCF2" blockId="7.[829,1444,798,911]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Seventy-seven specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E3CFFB8FB41FCBAFAA7DC2C" box="[1160,1281,828,850]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FB41FCBAFAA7DC2C" box="[1160,1281,828,850]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in detail (the same were used for molecular analysis), another ~30 when studying specific characters.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FCF4FC3DFC06DCB2" blockId="7.[829,1444,954,1037]" box="[829,928,954,975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FCF4FC3DFC06DCB2" box="[829,928,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB7FCF4FC5EFE20D847" blockId="7.[829,1444,954,1037]" lastBlockId="8.[144,759,1553,1850]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">The male holotype is deposited in the collection of the Musée de Zoologie, Lausanne, Switzerland (voucher number GBIFCH00329236), along with four paratypes (2♂; GBIFCH00329237 & GBIFCH00329 238, 2♀; GBIFCH00329239 & GBIFCH00329240) from the same location, collected by R. Alther, 27.VIII.2014. Ten additional paratypes (5♂, 5♀) from Lej da Silvaplauna (9°47026.97 E, 46°27017.89 N), very close to the type locality, are deposited in our own collection at Eawag, Dübendorf. Additionally, DNA vouchers of analysed specimens are deposited in our own collection.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="13F7DAD37E3CFFB8FF6FF8BDFB9FD817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269440/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[393,1218,1064,1817]" targetPageId="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E3CFFB8FF6FF8BDFB9FD817" blockId="7.[166,1444,1850,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E3CFFB8FF6FF8BDFEB6D830" bold="true" box="[166,272,1850,1869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
COI haplotype network. Haplotype network based on COI sequences calculated as a median joining network. Circles represent distinct haplotypes and different colours indicate sampling localities.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="13F7DAD37E33FFB7FCEEFC7FFB2BDB03" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269441/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[815,1413,198,983]" targetPageId="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEFC7FFB2BDB03" blockId="8.[807,1421,1015,1152]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FCEEFC7FFC37DB76" bold="true" box="[807,913,1016,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||||
Mouthparts of
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FB88FC7FFA2BDB76" bold="true" box="[1089,1421,1015,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FB88FC7FFA83DB76" box="[1089,1317,1015,1035]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FB88FC7FFA83DB76" bold="true" box="[1089,1317,1015,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E33FFB7FAF9FC7FFA2BDB76" box="[1328,1421,1016,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, left and right maxilliped; B, mandibular palp, inner face; C, maxilla 2; D, maxilla 1; E, labium/upper lip; F, labrum/ lower lip. Drawings by Vid ̆Svara.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E33FFB7FCEEFB24FA24DA68" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEFB24FC38DBC5" blockId="8.[807,1421,1187,1301]" box="[807,926,1187,1208]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FCEEFB24FC38DBC5" box="[807,926,1187,1208]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="13F7DAD37E33FFB7FF59FB3CFD0ADACA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" targetPageId="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FF59FB3CFD0ADACA" blockId="8.[144,758,1211,1464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FF59FB3CFF5CDBB2" bold="true" box="[144,250,1211,1231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habitus and detail drawings of
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FDBCFB3CFEFCDB91" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FDBCFB3CFF4FDB91" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FDBCFB3CFF4FDB91" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E33FFB7FF31FB5EFEFCDB91" box="[248,346,1241,1260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FEB7FAC9FE5EDA1C" box="[382,504,1358,1377]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FEB7FAC9FE5EDA1C" box="[382,504,1358,1377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆Svara.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEFB45FA24DA68" blockId="8.[807,1421,1187,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
The species epithet,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FBDDFB45FBC1DBAA" box="[1044,1127,1218,1239]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FBDDFB45FBC1DBAA" box="[1044,1127,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, refers to its distribution throughout the European Alps, its probable endemic status there and its habitat preference for alpine lakes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E33FFB7FCEEFABAFAEBD955" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEFABAFC31DA2F" blockId="8.[807,1421,1341,1576]" box="[807,919,1341,1362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FCEEFABAFC31DA2F" box="[807,919,1341,1362]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEFADCFAEBD955" blockId="8.[807,1421,1341,1576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Morphologically nearly identical to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FB73FADCFA99DA0D" box="[1210,1343,1371,1392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FB73FADCFA99DA0D" box="[1210,1343,1371,1392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it is a comparably large and robust species (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E33FFB7FB29FAFEFA85DAF2" box="[1248,1315,1401,1423]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
A).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FA87FAFDFC69DAD0" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FA87FAFDFC69DAD0" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has only one clear group of two to six setae (and very rarely an isolated seta) along the anterior margin of the carpopodite of gnathopod 2 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E33FFB7FCE6FA74FCD7D974" box="[815,881,1523,1545]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
D), while
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E33FFB7FC21FA73FBCBD975" box="[1000,1133,1523,1545]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FC21FA73FBCBD975" box="[1000,1133,1523,1545]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has two distinct groups that harbour five to eight setae in total (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E33FFB7FB20F995FA8BD955" box="[1257,1325,1554,1576]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
E).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E33FFB6FCEEF9D7FC4BDA1B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB7FCEEF9D7FC0FD918" blockId="8.[807,1421,1616,1851]" box="[807,937,1616,1637]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E33FFB7FCEEF9D7FC0FD918" box="[807,937,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E33FFB6FCEEF9EAFD44DE45" blockId="8.[807,1421,1616,1851]" lastBlockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Body length: maximum length (TOT, see Supporting Information, Table S5) within 77 individuals from 18 localities (Supporting Information, Fig. S3) is 20 mm (♀, Lac de Roy, France). Adding the length of first antenna results in more than 32 mm; maximum length of tip of rostrum to tip of third uropod is 25 mm. Females slightly but significantly larger than males (based on a Welch two sample
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FDA2FF40FDD2DFA1" box="[619,628,199,220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">t</emphasis>
|
||||
-test, lengths with and without first antenna; mean length of ♀♀ = 22.17 and 15.00 mm; mean length of ♂♂ = 20.07 and 13.68 mm;
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FE91FEA4FECEDE45" box="[344,360,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P</emphasis>
|
||||
= 0.043 and 0.036, respectively).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FEC6FE2ADEE9" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Head: eyes roundish or suboval, bean-like form widely found in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FE17FEE7FDF8DE08" box="[478,606,352,373]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FE17FEE7FDF8DE08" box="[478,606,352,373]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; lateral cephalic lobe subrounded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FE1AFD9DDD17" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Antenna 1: seldom much longer than one-third of total body length (TOT + antenna 1), never half of it; setation relatively short; main and accessory flagella with 12
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FF36FE7EFEADDD73" box="[255,267,505,526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
33 and 2
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FEBBFE7EFED8DD73" box="[370,382,505,526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
3 (up to 5) segments, respectively; length ratio of peduncular segments 1:2:3 = 1:0.83:0.53; peduncular segments 2 and 3 usually with one tuft of setae each.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FDF4FD19DC00" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Antenna 2: slightly longer than half of the first antenna; prominent and pointy tip of the glandular cone reaches peduncular segment 4; peduncular segments 4 and 5 armed with tufts of setae, usually arranged in three longitudinal rows; short and slender flagellum (4
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FEFCFC8BFEE7DC5C" box="[309,321,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
16 segments, usually about 10) never with flag-like brush or swollen appearance; calceoli may be present but not prevalent and no apparent pattern for presence or absence has been found.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FC02FDFEDCA5" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Mandibular palp: third segment (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E32FFB6FD90FC02FD3ADCE6" box="[601,668,901,923]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="8.[807,886,1016,1035]" captionTargetBox="[815,1413,198,983]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[815,1413,198,983]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 6. Mouthparts of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, left and right maxilliped; B, mandibular palp, inner face; C, maxilla 2; D, maxilla 1; E, labium / upper lip; F, labrum / lower lip. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269441/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
B) armed with one group of A-setae, one or two groups of Bsetae, 18
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FEC2FC44FEB1DCA5" box="[267,279,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
30 D-setae and 4
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FE13FC44FE40DCA5" box="[474,486,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
5 E-setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FC66FD78DB6B" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Metasome: segments 2 and 3 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E32FFB6FDD5FC66FDF9DC8A" box="[540,607,993,1015]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) can harbour some small setules along their posterior margins.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FB98FD58DB49" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" box="[191,766,1054,1076]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Urosome: even, without excavations or elevations.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FBBAFEB0DBD3" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Gnathopod 1: propodus piriform in both sexes; palmar margin with a single but strong medial spine; 3
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FF7DFBFDFF66DBF2" box="[180,192,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
12 angular spines along inferior margin of the propodus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FB30FD98DA1B" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Gnathopod 2 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E32FFB6FEADFB30FE00DBB0" box="[356,422,1207,1229]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
D): propodus with a more rectangular form; no prominent sexual dimorphism in shape; almost exclusively only a single group of setae present along anterior margin of carpopodite (exceptions in 2.6% or two out of 77 individuals), harbouring 2
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FF29FAD7FF4ADA18" box="[224,236,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
5 setae (one specimen had 6).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76FAE9FECDD960" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Pereiopods: armature comparable to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FD48FAE8FCA0DAFE" box="[641,774,1390,1412]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FD48FAE8FCA0DAFE" box="[641,774,1390,1412]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; no enlarged or prominent posteroinferior lobe in basis of pereiopods 5, 6 and 7; dactylus of P3
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FD79FA2BFD1ADABC" box="[688,700,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">–</emphasis>
|
||||
P7 distinctively more slender than in most other members of the the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FED7FA6EFE45DA80" box="[286,483,1512,1534]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FED7FA6EFE45DA80" box="[286,483,1512,1534]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus pulex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group (
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FDF4FA6EFDDADA83" box="[573,636,1513,1534]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E32FFB6FD4CFA6EFEF8D960" author="Karaman GS & Pinkster S." journalOrPublisher="Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 97" part="47" refString="Karaman GS, Pinkster S. 1977 b. Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda): part I. Gammarus pulex - group and related species. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 47: 1 - 97." title="Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda): part I. Gammarus pulex - group and related species" type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Karaman & Pinkster, 1977b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FF76F9A1FB7FDF86" blockId="9.[166,781,199,1901]" lastBlockId="9.[829,1444,199,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Epimeral plates: posteroinferior corner of the first epimeral plate somewhat rounded, with a merely pointed and retracted edge, harbouring one seta; posteroinferior corner of second and third plate always sharply pointed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E32FFB6FEB7F927FE67D9CB" box="[382,449,1696,1718]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
C); inferior margin of the epimeral plates harbours setae and often spines, with highly variable absolute number and ratio of spines to setae; often setae or spines on the lateral surface of the second epimeral plate; few short setae may be implanted along the posterior margin of the last two epimeral plates, spines were never recorded; number of spines and setae usually differs between left and right side of the individual.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FC9FFE83FB7FDECE" blockId="9.[829,1444,199,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Uropod 3: endopoditenearly reaches length of the first exopodal segment (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E32FFB6FBA1FEA5FB0DDE45" box="[1128,1195,290,312]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
B); second exopodite segment usually well developed; proportion of inner to outer ramus between three-quarters and 1; setae along inner and outer margins in both endo- and exopodite virtually always plumose.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FC9FFE3CFACFDD36" blockId="9.[829,1444,199,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Telson: lobes sparsely armed, usually with no more than one or two terminal spines and some setae, most of them usually at least as long as the spines; sometimes a subbasal spine can be found on the surface of the telson lobe in large individuals of both sexes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FC9FFDD3FC31DD99" blockId="9.[829,1444,199,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Overall habitus: colour of live specimens is greyish to brown or rather white, depending on habitat in which they are found. Specimens can be covered with algae, especially around tufts of setae, depending on habitat.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FC9FFD6AFC6EDBED" blockId="9.[829,1444,199,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Molecular diagnosis: affiliation to BIN BOLD: ACH6111 or BOLD:ADB3370 (http://www.boldsys tems.org) corresponds to belonging to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FB23FCADFCC3DC23" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FB23FCADFCC3DC23" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In detail, within the aligned sequences of COI (658 bp, 5
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FC7FFCE5FC1DDC0C" box="[950,955,866,881]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">′</emphasis>
|
||||
-GACATTATATTTTGTTTTAG-...-CGTTTT AGCCGGAGCTATCA-3
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FB81FC06FBEBDCED" box="[1096,1101,897,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">′</emphasis>
|
||||
) we identified 1 4 SNPs, which are diagnostic for the alpine clade compared to the original
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FCA0FC44FC4CDCAA" box="[873,1002,962,984]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FCA0FC44FC4CDCAA" box="[873,1002,962,984]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(positions 103, 160, 163, 187, 211, 220, 274, 337, 343, 347, 370, 448, 523, 553 in 5
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FAE9FC5AFA94DC8A" box="[1312,1330,989,1015]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">′–</emphasis>
|
||||
3
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FAF6FC5AFAE2DC91" box="[1343,1348,989,1004]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">′</emphasis>
|
||||
reading direction). One SNP at site 337 even allows the distinction between all three clades. Nucleotide ‘T’ indicates the initial
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FC7AFBBAFB92DB2F" box="[947,1076,1085,1106]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FC7AFBBAFB92DB2F" box="[947,1076,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas ‘A’ indicates the southeastern alpine clade and ‘C’ indicates the north-eastern alpine clade.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FCF4FB30FC1FDBB1" blockId="9.[829,1444,1207,1382]" box="[829,953,1207,1228]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FCF4FB30FC1FDBB1" box="[829,953,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Variability</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FCF4FB52FC4BDA1B" blockId="9.[829,1444,1207,1382]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The pattern of variability observed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FAE2FB51FA02DB97" box="[1323,1444,1237,1259]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FAE2FB51FA02DB97" box="[1323,1444,1237,1259]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reveals no significant differences among populations and the variability present is associated with postembryonic developmental changes as well as sexual differences.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E32FFB6FCF4FA0AFC10D927" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FCF4FA0AFC6EDADF" blockId="9.[829,1444,1421,1626]" box="[829,968,1421,1442]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FCF4FA0AFC6EDADF" box="[829,968,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FCF4FA2CFC10D927" blockId="9.[829,1444,1421,1626]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The species is restricted to the European Alps and has been recorded in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland. Its possible distribution in the Balkans and Apennines (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E32FFB6FACAF980FA06D960" author="Pljakic MA." box="[1283,1440,1543,1565]" journalOrPublisher="ArhiV Biolo˘ skih Nauka" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="81 - 88" part="4" refString="Pljakic MA. 1952. A contribution to the study of the distribution of Gammarus (RiVulogammarus) pulex fossarum in Serbia. ArhiV Biolo˘ skih Nauka 4: 81 - 88." title="A contribution to the study of the distribution of Gammarus (RiVulogammarus) pulex fossarum in Serbia" type="journal article" year="1952">Pljakic, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E32FFB6FCF4F9A2FC71D946" author="Pljakic MA." box="[829,983,1573,1595]" journalOrPublisher="ArhiV Biolo˘ skih Nauka" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="111 - 121" part="15" refString="Pljakic MA. 1963. Verbreitung des Gammarus (RiV.) lacustris Sars in den Gebirgseen Jugoslawiens. ArhiV Biolo˘ skih Nauka 15: 111 - 121." title="Verbreitung des Gammarus (RiV.) lacustris Sars in den Gebirgseen Jugoslawiens" type="journal article" year="1963">Pljakić, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E32FFB6FC2EF9A2FB4BD941" author="Iannilli V & Ruffo S." box="[999,1261,1573,1596]" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="519 - 532" part="35" refString="Iannilli V, Ruffo S. 2002. Apennine and Sardinian species of Gammarus, with the description of Gammarus elVirae n. sp. (Crustacea Amphipoda, Gammaridae). Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali 35: 519 - 532." title="Apennine and Sardinian species of Gammarus, with the description of Gammarus elVirae n. sp. (Crustacea Amphipoda, Gammaridae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Iannilli & Ruffo, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) remains to be confirmed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E32FFB5FCF4F906FDD6DC23" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB6FCF4F906FBE7D9EB" blockId="9.[829,1444,1665,1901]" box="[829,1089,1665,1686]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FCF4F906FBE7D9EB" box="[829,1089,1665,1686]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks and affinities</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E32FFB5FCF4F918FDD6DC23" blockId="9.[829,1444,1665,1901]" lastBlockId="10.[144,759,199,862]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
The morphological distinction from its sister species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FCF4F939FC64D9AE" box="[829,962,1726,1747]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FCF4F939FC64D9AE" box="[829,962,1726,1747]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, comes down to two stable quantitative characters and one qualitative character. One is the absence of a second group of setae (often as a single seta) along the anterior margin of the carpopodite of gnathopod 2 (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E32FFB6FBA3F8BEFB45D830" box="[1130,1251,1848,1870]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E32FFB6FBA3F8BEFB45D830" box="[1130,1251,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The second is that the anterior group of these setae harboured five or fewer setae (a single specimen was as exception), whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FED0FF61FE38DF87" box="[281,414,229,251]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FED0FF61FE38DF87" box="[281,414,229,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
all studied specimens had at least five setae implanted (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E31FFB5FE09FE83FDA5DE67" box="[448,515,260,282]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1211,1230]" captionTargetBox="[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[152,750,198,1178]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Habitus and detail drawings of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. (♂, 21 mm, Lej da San Murezzan, Switzerland). A, habitus; B, uropod 3 with long inner ramus; C, epimeral plate 2 with sharply pointed posteroinferior corner; D, gnathopod 2; E, derived and simplified gnathopod of G. lacustris indicating the second group of setae along anterior margin of carpopodite of gnathopod 2 to visualize the distinctive character between the sister species. Drawings by Vid ̆ Svara." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269442/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
E) when summing up both setae groups (Supporting Information, Fig. S4). Additionally, the number of D-setae on the third segment of the mandibular palp seems to be slightly lower in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF3CFEF9FEC8DEEE" box="[245,366,382,403]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF3CFEF9FEC8DEEE" box="[245,366,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but without a clear cut-off allowing a reliable distinction. Whereas the structure of the epimeral plates is still a valid and strong discriminating character of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FE4AFE5DFDAEDE92" box="[387,520,474,495]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FE4AFE5DFDAEDE92" box="[387,520,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex from other species of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FEFCFE7EFE5DDD70" box="[309,507,504,526]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FEFCFE7EFE5DDD70" box="[309,507,504,526]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gammarus pulex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-group, this character cannot be used in the discrimination of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FDB8FD90FD50DD51" box="[625,758,535,556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FDB8FD90FD50DD51" box="[625,758,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF07FDB1FEE1DD37" box="[206,327,565,587]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF07FDB1FEE1DD37" box="[206,327,565,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. We thus suggest a distinction based on a barcoding approach, by extracting DNA from a pereiopod, applying the COI-barcoding protocol provided in this paper and aligning the resulting sequence to our published sequences on BOLD (BIN BOLD:ACH6111 or BOLD:ADB3370). Furthermore, we reason that individuals from France, Switzerland or southern Germany that would have been identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF73FCADFE99DC42" box="[186,319,810,831]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF73FCADFE99DC42" box="[186,319,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
until recently can be assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF59FCCEFEAFDC20" box="[144,265,840,862]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF59FCCEFEAFDC20" box="[144,265,840,862]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with a high degree of certainty.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E31FFB5FF59FC02FDB5DADE" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF59FC02FF41DCE7" blockId="10.[144,759,901,1443]" box="[144,231,901,922]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF59FC02FF41DCE7" box="[144,231,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF59FC23FDB5DADE" blockId="10.[144,759,901,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF59FC23FED6DCC4" box="[144,368,932,953]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF59FC23FED6DCC4" box="[144,368,932,953]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a bimodal elevational distribution (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DFB396DE7E31FFB5FF21FC45FE8ADCA5" box="[232,300,962,984]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[166,245,988,1007]" captionTargetBox="[394,1218,198,954]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[393,1218,198,954]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Habitat preferences of Gammarus alpinus sp. nov. Contour plot of the kernel density estimate of the altidudinal vs. lake surface distribution of all 78 lakes (out of 201 lakes) with reported populations of G. alpinus throughout the Alps. A slight bimodal pattern in both histograms highlights that the species can occur in large, pre-alpine lakes, such as Lake Constance, but is predominantly found in high-elevation, small alpine lakes. Kernel density estimates for the histograms are based on a smoothing bandwidth of 1 X (solid line) and 2 X (broken line) the SD of the kernel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/269443/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It predominantly inhabits alpine lakes above 1500 m a.s.l. but also inhabits lowland lakes at around 300
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FEDAFB87FEB9DB68" box="[275,287,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">–</emphasis>
|
||||
500 m a.s.l. in close vicinity to the Alps. These two habitat types do not correspond to the molecular clades found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FE75FBBAFD93DB2F" box="[444,565,1085,1106]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FE75FBBAFD93DB2F" box="[444,565,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species has never been recorded in headwater streams. A few specimens were found downstream of Lake Constance as well as in small tributaries to Lake Constance close to the inlets (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E31FFB5FEB1FB30FDDDDBB0" author="Altermatt F & Alther R & Machler E." box="[376,635,1207,1229]" journalOrPublisher="BMC Ecology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="23" part="16" refString="Altermatt F, Alther R, Machler E. 2016. Spatial patterns of genetic diversity, community composition and occurrence of native and non-native amphipods in naturally replicated tributary streams. BMC Ecology 16: 23." title="Spatial patterns of genetic diversity, community composition and occurrence of native and non-native amphipods in naturally replicated tributary streams" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||||
Altermatt
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FE3CFB30FD89DBB1" box="[501,559,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Whereas the first observation can be explained by passive drift, the findings in the inlets clearly suggest some ability to persist in slow running and small streams and creeks.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FF2EFAB6FE62DA3B" box="[231,452,1329,1350]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF2EFAB6FE62DA3B" box="[231,452,1329,1350]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gammarus alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was often found to hide in conifer debris (R.A. & F.A., pers. observa.). It can persist at very low temperatures close to 0 °C for a long time (findings in ice-sealed lakes).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E31FFB5FF59FA4DFDBCD98E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF59FA4DFE00DAA2" blockId="10.[144,759,1482,1687]" box="[144,422,1482,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FF59FA4DFE00DAA2" box="[144,422,1482,1503]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Zoological nomenclature</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF59FA6EFD18D9EA" blockId="10.[144,759,1482,1687]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">In accordance with the ICZN Code of Nomenclature the new species name and status are registered in the Official Register of Zoological Nomenclature (ZooBank). ZooBank Life Science Identifier (LSID) for new species. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org: act:C1A6A35D-6F5E-4BD9-98D8-33AF8917C816.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FEA2F95CFDBCD98E" blockId="10.[363,538,1755,1779]" box="[363,538,1755,1779]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<heading id="1C7F3D377E31FFB5FEA2F95CFDBCD98E" allCaps="true" box="[363,538,1755,1779]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">DISCUSSION</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0F92D9D07E31FFB5FF21F88CFB00DB2E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF21F88CFD39D862" blockId="10.[232,671,1803,1824]" box="[232,671,1803,1824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<heading id="1C7F3D377E31FFB5FF21F88CFD39D862" allCaps="true" box="[232,671,1803,1824]" centered="true" fontSize="7" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="5">A NEW SPECIES AND ITS DISTRIBUTION</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FF59F8BEFB77DEAC" blockId="10.[144,759,1848,1901]" lastBlockId="10.[807,1422,199,1107]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
We provide the first overview of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FDFAF8BEFD1FD830" box="[563,697,1848,1870]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FDFAF8BEFD1FD830" box="[563,697,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex in the European Alps. The clear pattern of a highly divergent lineage compared to the circumboreal
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FCABFF61FC41DF87" box="[866,999,229,251]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FCABFF61FC41DF87" box="[866,999,229,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6ECFEB327E31FFB5FC3FFF61FBBCDF86" box="[1014,1050,230,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" sensu="stricto">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FC3FFF61FBB5DF86" box="[1014,1043,230,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">s.s</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is surprising, given the wellknown occurrence in the Alps. We raise the alpine populations to species level based on consistent and stable morphological and molecular support, as well as by the clear geographical separation from its sister species. We consider that this separate status is stable and is strongly justified according to the concepts reviewed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E31FFB5FC33FE3BFB68DEAC" author="De Queiroz K." box="[1018,1230,443,465]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="879 - 886" part="56" refString="De Queiroz K. 2007. Species concepts and species delimitation. Systematic Biology 56: 879 - 886." title="Species concepts and species delimitation" type="journal article" year="2007">De Queiroz (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="47378A5B7E31FFB5FCF6FE5DFB00DB2E" blockId="10.[807,1422,199,1107]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
The newly described
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FBF4FE5DFB10DE92" box="[1085,1206,474,495]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FBF4FE5DFB10DE92" box="[1085,1206,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is probably endemic to the Alps, and does not overlap in its range with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FCA7FD90FC55DD51" box="[878,1011,535,556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FCA7FD90FC55DD51" box="[878,1011,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Further analysis is needed to determine its distribution in Italy and Austria. Particular focus should be laid on the reported Apenninian populations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FBE7FDF4FCCFDDDA" authority="Iannilli & Ruffo, 2002" authorityName="Iannilli & Ruffo" authorityYear="2002" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FBE7FDF4FB15DDFA" box="[1070,1203,626,648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E31FFB5FB01FDF5FCC7DDDA" author="Iannilli V & Ruffo S." journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="519 - 532" part="35" refString="Iannilli V, Ruffo S. 2002. Apennine and Sardinian species of Gammarus, with the description of Gammarus elVirae n. sp. (Crustacea Amphipoda, Gammaridae). Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali 35: 519 - 532." title="Apennine and Sardinian species of Gammarus, with the description of Gammarus elVirae n. sp. (Crustacea Amphipoda, Gammaridae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Iannilli & Ruffo, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. As they were described as genetically similar to alpine specimens, we suspect that they are representatives of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088F1D87E31FFB5FC1AFD48FBEADD9E" box="[979,1100,718,740]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="75FC56497E31FFB5FC1AFD48FBEADD9E" box="[979,1100,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. alpinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as well. Sequences from work by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2319F7AA7E31FFB5FC55FD6AFB47DC7E" author="Meyran JC & Taberlet P." box="[924,1249,749,771]" journalOrPublisher="Freshaeater Biology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="259 - 265" part="39" refString="Meyran JC, Taberlet P. 1998. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism among alpine populations of Gammarus lacustris (Crustacea, Amphipoda). Freshaeater Biology 39: 259 - 265." title="Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism among alpine populations of Gammarus lacustris (Crustacea, Amphipoda)" type="journal article" year="1998">Meyran & Taberlet (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
could not be directly included as their COI fragments were generated with different markers (COI a-H and COI-Gf) and the sequences do not match with the standard Folmer region. On a qualitative level, however, their findings of diverging lineages within the French populations are consistent with our overall findings. Whereas sequences from the northern French Alps match closely together with the Swiss sequences, sequences from the southern French Alps are slightly diverging and match better to sequences from the northern Austrian Alps.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
135
data/CF/21/42/CF21427B76425239B7A346FBB2009E89.xml
Normal file
135
data/CF/21/42/CF21427B76425239B7A346FBB2009E89.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3776e555-85f5-46ed-8ea1-98ca6a147ede" ID-PMC="PMC8222199" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1044-609" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" ID-PubMed="34183888" ID-ZooBank="66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1044-609" checkinTime="1623875354053" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Sarah M. & Cognato, Anthony I." docDate="2021" docId="CF21427B76425239B7A346FBB2009E89" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1044: 609-720" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1044" docPubDate="2021-06-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246" docTitle="Coptoborus micarius Smith & Cognato 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" lastPageNumber="609" masterDocId="C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)" masterLastPageNumber="720" masterPageNumber="609" pageNumber="609" updateTime="1668150492206" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Smith, Sarah M.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">camptocerus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Cognato, Anthony I.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2021-06-16</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>1044</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>609</mods:start>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:url>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1044-609</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182753861" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF21427B76425239B7A346FBB2009E89" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF21427B76425239B7A346FBB2009E89" lastPageNumber="609" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="CF21427B-7642-5239-B7A3-46FBB2009E89" authority="(Wood, 1974)" authorityName="Smith & Cognato" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood" baseAuthorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coptoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptoborus micarius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micarius" status="comb. nov.">Coptoborus micarius (Wood, 1974)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="609">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Dorsal, lateral, frontal and declivital view of Coptoborus magnus holotype, 3.1 mm (A-C, M), C. martinezae holotype, 2.0 - 2.1 mm (D-F, N), C. micarius, 2.0 - 2.4 mm (G-I, O), C. murinus holotype, 2.2 mm (J-L, P). All photographs by SMS except (A-C, M) by A. V. Petrov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.144.62246.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/555845" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Figure 10G-I, O</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Cognato" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus micarius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micarius" status="comb. nov.">Xyleborus micarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Wood, 1974: 33.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Cognato" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Theoborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoborus micarius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="micarius" status="comb. nov.">Theoborus micarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wood):
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 1359" refId="B88" refString="Wood, SL, 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 8: 1 - 1359" title="The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph." volume="8" year="1982">Wood 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 774.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||||
(NMNH),
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">paratypes</emphasis>
|
||||
(NMNH, 3), examined.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="new records">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">New records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
Panama:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chiriquí">Chiriqui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Fortuna,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="24.840" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.414">8°24.840'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="14.562" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-82.2427">82°14.562'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1150 m, SM Smith, AD Smith, AR Gillogly, 29.viii.2008, PAN102 (MSUC, 1).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
2.0-2.4 mm, 2.67-2.86
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as wide. This species is distinguished by the elytral apex broadly rounded and entire, posterolateral margin distinctly carinate to striae 6, carina unequally serrate and appearing broken, serrations on interstriae 1 and 2 with acute apices that are less than 2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
the size of other serrations.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="similar species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Similar species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. pristis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" rank="species" species="pristis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">C. pristis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
Costa Rica (Cartago), Panama* (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chiriquí">Chiriqui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="609" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="609">
|
||||
This species is only known from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cordia" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="609">Cordia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cordiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Boraginales" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cordiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 1553" refId="B92" refString="Wood, SL, Bright, DE, 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: Taxonomic index. The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 13: 1 - 1553" title="A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: Taxonomic index." volume="13" year="1992">Wood and Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" pageId="0" pageNumber="609" pagination="1 - 1359" refId="B88" refString="Wood, SL, 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 8: 1 - 1359" title="The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph." volume="8" year="1982">Wood (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
noted that the species was collected attacking branches 5-7 cm in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
128
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Normal file
128
data/CF/21/9F/CF219FD98C144E1FBBCDD160765F8DD7.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
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|||
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<mods:title id="F3039A80D6538FF6C9C64681403DC94E">Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E5BDDC6D850A388F2AA3973DA6D00C7F">Jarvis, Charlie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A1A919FC3F8F40BF0838837A6FC7CBF4">Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C8661046C60BCC480D074A44FAFA19BE">Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CF219FD98C144E1FBBCDD160765F8DD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4376795" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163999882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4376795" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF219FD98C144E1FBBCDD160765F8DD7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF219FD98C144E1FBBCDD160765F8DD7" lastPageNumber="293" pageNumber="293">
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<treatmentCitation id="8981BA903B4A90CA528FECF5C607F34A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4357883" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4357883" author="Linnaeus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3865B6981165DB4F11537A56D5BDD154" pageNumber="142" year="1753">
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<bibCitation id="705CAE744DBA9DBD77B1B5CB5F39B409" author="Linnaeus" pagination="142" title="Androsace septentrionalis" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 1" year="1753">
|
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<taxonomicName id="CAFDD67D8B103053763A5A922314CBFC" ID-CoL="672P3" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D2CBB696A733742A7EF05F9A30C95AA0" bold="true" pageNumber="293">Androsace septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<volumeTitle id="49EEDF8EF1C052048B4FE25471EC3C47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="248F7C38065E16E2B1D4A404D09911C9" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Species Plantarum</emphasis>
|
||||
1
|
||||
</volumeTitle>
|
||||
: 142. 1753
|
||||
</bibCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D91F135F412FCE0B50162015F4BA244D" pageNumber="293" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="67B5D8477198E3BFADA2A3D34FD7034F" pageNumber="293">"Habitat in alpibus Lapponiae, Russiae apricis glareosis." RCN: 1146.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="82084D15EF307B89F5FC5B9E4C590B81" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0CA0981148DA4F7DEDCE5F23770EABD" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="5D688D6278236341690987DEBE7D7ECD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612070420" collectionCode="LINN" specimenCode="197.4" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="CE1D502EA0D6506A6D87BAE12AFFF644">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(Nasir in Nasir & Ali,
|
||||
<emphasis id="67C1F4A5029D08FC79DB8464816D874F" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Fl. Pakistan</emphasis>
|
||||
157: 75. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 197.4 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="43BE853D1EFAEB113BA3E63843E073B1">LINN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="46633FF80D426927F7330582F0E1B796" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2635B1B1E2B1311A9BF150863005760D" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="26BD88620ECB268E70CA744D7CC3EE26">Generitype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A924D480B120ED0E3D9E5B08BDA605" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC518C306D4D4BC86623EF06AE7702E1" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Androsace</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(vide Hitchcock,
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FD0C72BE6164767D9DA8BFF6B3D919C" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Prop. Brit. Bot.</emphasis>
|
||||
: 128. 1929).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0B0A5EAC8BD494223A0C22F6DDA1B698" pageNumber="293" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F9D13328F99752EF00AF850CDD63C53E" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
Current name:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8DF3F5925F3FD749B069C7203D3250E4" ID-CoL="672P3" ID-ENA="184985" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BB29553C253BBB17C196ED371D31B532" bold="true" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
<emphasis id="89269EDBA500965CC3EA9803848BF20C" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Androsace septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="026D7EC28FD9CEC0BDC8E8FEBD911DCB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Primulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5DE42AF3F970B4C08650B68E7872AE37" pageNumber="293" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8CB93D23F1B825E12099F9EEC7AEEFA" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B90DFDED9E11ADB79A0D505E8348CF3" italics="true" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
Note:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="118DB819E28E39674CABBC9063B72AEB" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maxima">Androsace maxima L.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
was treated as the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="D82815D750C90B89E26B857AA1D859AA">generitype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C82F8F8E3FABE0F0BDAE34C8FE15735D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12A8AB5C61D94F5F1FFE4EB806FFD169" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Androsace</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Britton & Brown,
|
||||
<emphasis id="611F6D63580D15136CEB80435AAE2E37" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Ill. Fl. N. U. S.</emphasis>
|
||||
, ed. 2, 3: 709. 1913 (see McNeill & al. in
|
||||
<emphasis id="13FBAD2AEF92BB9C6459B88503A7CB57" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Taxon</emphasis>
|
||||
36: 358. 1987). However, under Art. 10.5, Ex. 7 (a voted example) of the Vienna Code, this is a type choice made under the American Code and is to be replaced under Art. 10.5b by
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="31C90DAD59ED28BC0D5A49EA883AB3CA" originalValue="Hitchcock’s">Hitchcock's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
choice (
|
||||
<emphasis id="75AE9C5C85BF1C172E04CEDEC34B4A2C" italics="true" pageNumber="293">Prop. Brit. Bot.</emphasis>
|
||||
: 128. 1929) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FC52D3355679AD6AEC75762A65FDBEB5" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Androsace" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F63DD21F3A7AAA7DFB3B8C37C7E22C20" italics="true" pageNumber="293">A. septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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