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<document id="5A2E96F55FD26D3F0B6731F12281F9F5" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-CLB-Dataset="21556" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3931989" ID-GBIF-Dataset="751112f9-dacb-4aa7-b6dd-94b531bd95b7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3931989" checkinTime="1594063508482" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Linnaeus, Carolus" docDate="1753" docId="D9E40F60129E2D97C6536CE58A7BE70F" docLanguage="en" docName="Linnaeus1753Treatments.xml" docOrigin="Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius" docSource="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669" docTitle="Convolvulus alsinoides Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="B60E6E2598A5F0FB2905D223E4672698" masterDocTitle="Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1710908005168" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="E1F7116EDA8396F34D1CCD44F9BF2A65" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A0C58D89B6D7E9D797B9CE8853CFD0E6">
<mods:title id="7630AF3C3CBF370423D7E25AD52BAA4D">Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="8DA701DEA5E815BF5479E5CC55356315" type="personal">
<mods:role id="68EF0F750D7385A56899C6757EB1C910">
<mods:roleTerm id="CF362AE7AA908D92D204F452FADD5193">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BE567DCB78001E0D3871F8EC27538E8A">Linnaeus, Carolus</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C05D79ECE8C3BF5977D50A6C7901423D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:originInfo id="936A05CE506FBC89F951DC8BD8EB3EBA">
<mods:dateIssued id="E6689AAD33F08E2E9E41847E7990231A">1753</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="094D11D2CDB8406F154E0051DE17561D">Laurentius Salvius</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="D3DA0E40AEA671BED97ED5560EA752DC">
<mods:placeTerm id="B1FBC7008B1750634BAB44973F887987">Stockholm</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:location id="B95275A1F1EEAE984EE9C76E82F51B68">
<mods:url id="E78AD3A4E197DDF490A2E1B277BA66A4">https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="2D6DE0F7ED3D84542D96DA2449052B7C">book</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B6F2A4ABEABA058BB4F09503BE0C31FD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3931989</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F4ADB88DF00D6E86A31E9FEC8A65FC62" type="Zenodo-Dep">3931989</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="D9E40F60129E2D97C6536CE58A7BE70F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4356635" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164946534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4356635" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9E40F60129E2D97C6536CE58A7BE70F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9E40F60129E2D97C6536CE58A7BE70F" lastPageNumber="157" pageNumber="157">
<subSubSection id="AE7868002D6281FBBA3C67EB9055EA89" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="69CF3AC0BFFD0BB8E70E591DF7D2BFB7" pageNumber="157">
<taxonomicName id="BA7D5D2A4C0E98EAAEDF6CC372EA3D3A" ID-CoL="XYTB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alsinoides" status="spec. nov.">Convolvulus alsinoides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="527597180B8A2936C28E29D65EF4FD3E" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BB95A179A2128FD4DF80416BFAFCF496" type="description">
<paragraph id="C482542FC03A3A7648A32731A2308CC7" pageNumber="157">
19. Convolvulus foliis subovatis obtusis petiolatis pilosis, caule diffuso, pedunculis trifloris.
<emphasis id="6267B2523E188CFADD767E0F52D1858B" italics="true">Fl. zeyl.76.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="324F558CCAA5950DA3D20902A661298E" pageNumber="157">
Convolvulus foliis ovatis obtusis, caule filiformi.
<emphasis id="9B157245ADCD542693BBDDD083F45174" italics="true">Hort. cliff.68.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF424FE04337818B76820C3841E14775" pageNumber="157">
Convolvuli minimi species bisnagarica hirsuta, alsines folio.
<emphasis id="D4479941C41A7145B4E7C99BA044DD13" italics="true">Pluk. alm. 116. t.9. f.1.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2D45B4AAEB0C02B0215766201F8EBBA" pageNumber="157">
Anagallis hirsuta minor, foliis alternis, floribus solitariis.
<emphasis id="6A67E0239A1D8077EB9D7F8E8E0B084C" italics="true">Burm. zeyl. 11. t.6. f.1.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C030D7688DD7E57E78D934396FD068EA" pageNumber="157">
Vistnu-clandi.
<emphasis id="87F3649203E6D8902E4C23F34010DB87" italics="true">Rheed. mal. 11. p. 131. t.64.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7382BE4295847408FBE88048BDF332FE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0BFB0233F1FE1D15D76148D462B7BFCE" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="B5E3C30627DCD7D105E2BEAB074440B2" italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Malabaria
<emphasis id="47C29E2E78A97C9E62D6B919C72136A3" italics="true">,</emphasis>
Zeylona
<emphasis id="78ECD99CE7E2A8E94396FAD68882AF16" italics="true">,</emphasis>
Bisnagaria
<emphasis id="A481A20C75F3A0BFF22A9447154B667B" italics="true">,</emphasis>
Bahama
<emphasis id="1AEB0404803CD9E51B82B4787D509C43" italics="true">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="824F22E30F7F9455F7B607C48E3810FD" type="description">
<paragraph id="94BF8296F648B74A6545E87489BB6E53" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="E12C71D981172550AA6B32BEE720C7EC" italics="true">Varietas habitu lini: caulibus, panicula, foliis lanceolatis sericeis, hujus forte sola varietas.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="7FC123E9B1D28F81FF1D81DB5067057D">The smallest stag beetles (Coleoptera, Lucanidae): hidden paleodiversity in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber from northern Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="58F74D19CA0649A1C3B66B338BDD4866">Yamamoto, Shuhei</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B9108E97C7D916BE1AA6388B331BD8AA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4162-8457</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E4A098E165A791F8D4AF57DD5EC11860">The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 - jo, Nishi 8 - chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C6D32BF892DD1D2430D8DD2846BB0942" type="email">s.yamamoto.64@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="0973A0D3F247A0736EE4C70750860D7B">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="A45438F3DF6D12EE423D66C18AAFF212" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="09B34850558A533C32BFEB70391E7F8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<taxonomicName id="18300881DC2C1D99B141208C5A1D0D68" LSID="https://zoobank.org/A12A7EF3-8BE0-4BB2-9F23-130C6B7F9313" authority="Yamamoto, 2023" authorityName="Yamamoto" authorityYear="2023" family="Lucanidae" genus="Cretognathus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cretognathus minutissimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" rank="species" species="minutissimus" status="sp. nov.">Cretognathus minutissimus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B497A174F1DEF268404171E7AD1B4F4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB114B5EAF83A7A55574BCFA4307F503" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="description">
<paragraph id="3CDFBE0DD9FA0BF5D0F7704E519BD4A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<figureCitation id="F4490963D513DE265F72D6E125DC957F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. General view of amber pieces with lucanid inclusions. A, B. Protonicagus mandibularis sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121205, showing dorsal (A) or lateral (B) views of the holotype; C. Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206; D. Ceratognathini gen. et sp. indet. 1, SEHU- 0000121207; E. Ceratognathini gen. et sp. indet. 2, SEHU- 0000121208. Scale bars: 3.0 mm (A, B); 1.0 cm (C); 5.0 mm (D, E)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868859" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="49685B7BB1ACBC928A004896D796A66D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EC040A5D74E74A1DB52169E990B983D5" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">, 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EE77356CA57D89E231B0E28E194F2EE1" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">, 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7A8C4116FF535F58A0D2FF8BC807D71" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BDAD15F642F389A83782FA18268C49AF" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">, 10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AEFAF506654623F4E5225C6D57581E2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A61E9B22EFF58C136941CC1B35F0303E" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D02514E3DCB64BABEECAEEDFBB97376D" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="022B69F8A7B3E324E0158A1D1F53D687" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<typeStatus id="F28154559D021EAA621AE0154DCF8C63">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(sex undertemined), a complete adult preserved in a large, very flat, oval yellowish amber, approximately
<quantity id="8E4AB31F53121A4DD888118E33083B9C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
<normalizedToken id="7B5B49974DC2881130D14E4B96C2B9E2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="B25558217E6EA7BC32DACCB160F6957A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="mm" value="14.4">14.4 mm</quantity>
<normalizedToken id="DB5FE9C83A00118B0830C0E4DA0871B2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<quantity id="8C6748B837ED10D3B7C4D075E5AB5204" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
in size (Fig.
<figureCitation id="902DF2EBAC9F2E3CEE565722358F709C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. General view of amber pieces with lucanid inclusions. A, B. Protonicagus mandibularis sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121205, showing dorsal (A) or lateral (B) views of the holotype; C. Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206; D. Ceratognathini gen. et sp. indet. 1, SEHU- 0000121207; E. Ceratognathini gen. et sp. indet. 2, SEHU- 0000121208. Scale bars: 3.0 mm (A, B); 1.0 cm (C); 5.0 mm (D, E)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868859" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">1C</figureCitation>
); specimen accession number SEHU-0000121206, housed in HUM. The
<typeStatus id="9943609A6046403F6654492F1957FE90">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen is well preserved, but pigmentation inside the amber makes detailed observation and photography difficult, particularly of the ventral side. Furthermore, the ventral surface of the
<typeStatus id="6E309ECB63D2F2AF7C03609E46A98B6C">holotype</typeStatus>
is very dark; therefore, it is difficult to observe and photograph.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E876C55067F3DF69391539536F7B2846" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2D2369F9F611627C6BA97F857236AE48" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFE5F7BCB73F3DCB30725868BFE2336E" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
As for the genus (
<emphasis id="DA68477C8A8DECFB785690BD342559C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">vide supra</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F6503AD90704648A0CD9470B8A5D6D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="description">
<paragraph id="D76AE6B937AD0BCF10EE361D12024666" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="140932153B8F90A6E161D95D9A7A7894" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="D864171558B1BAE60B2EFF86819ABCA7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Body</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A320B50C9CABD1BE552577095524CFE9" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6</figureCitation>
) very small, moderately elongate oval, 2.80 mm long (measured from apex of clypeus to apex of elytra), 1.28 mm wide, rather flattened dorsoventrally. Color uniformly dark brown; antennae and mouthparts slightly paler. Dorsum (Figs
<figureCitation id="B4FD4FDDCC2B408D57D69E23B7310C80" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9AB79FD0FD5E2EE18FA52A844F694B87" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8</figureCitation>
) glabrous, lacking modified scales; pronotum and elytra with dense, large punctures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E84F6024E4845F51D4A079C6F3A3F4F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="035EA0A557AF0E475CF08E2D4FCE23ED" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="072C18E956CAE77AFCAFDD14D74498C0" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A-C</figureCitation>
) relatively small, transverse, shorter than half pronotal length but wider than half pronotal width, 0.44 mm long (measured from apex of clypeus to anterior margin of pronotum) and 0.76 mm wide across eyes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BF3A471D3831ACFC9FD68270A5FC016E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A, C</figureCitation>
); ventral side not well visible; vertex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C4EB8BDBA2E0709F0E295C98E71A751A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A</figureCitation>
) even, smooth, only weakly punctate, without a pair of tubercles; preocular margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="65BA04925AFEA0EA7BCBAD7CD2EC42C1" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A, C</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="F1F059088491A34391BFA7D17AB51ADE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">pom</emphasis>
) small, arcuate, not enlarged anterolaterally. Compound eye (Fig.
<figureCitation id="98890BD95FD1C2FE3AD1A3F7B96EF2CE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="D7ED3C796DEFE00B82AEE7ED1D2A461C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">ey</emphasis>
) relatively large, entire, not divided by ocular canthus. Antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6230988C494599145EE892A782471519" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A, B, D</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B7CD698C1A368E2BA2141E815BBFB58E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">a1-10</emphasis>
) 10-segmented, non-geniculate, with three-segmented relatively strong club, 0.55 mm long (right antenna); antennomere 1 (scape) long, slender, rather strongly curved, approximately 4.7 times longer than wide, sparsely bearing three very long and thin bristles and much shorter seta, without ground setae; antennomere 2 (pedicel) small, conical, somewhat transverse, attached to tip of scape; antennomere 3 elongate, about 1.9 times longer than wide; antennomeres 4-6 short, each wider than length, successively moderately widened; antennomere 7 shorter than preceding antennomere, but distinctly transverse; antennomeres 8-10 forming relatively large club, strongly asymmetrical, each not coherent. Mandibles (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6811831EB842225A893AF9ADEE50A77E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A-C</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="DA9955863514D3BB4C38E6CE164A2522" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">md</emphasis>
) mostly not visible dorsally, very small, inconspicuous, much shorter than head, moderately curved, dorsoventrally flattened, with acute, sharply pointed apex. Clypeus with broadly rounded anterior margin. Maxillary palpus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C1AD8F21C57ADAE6D9E833258A2E12B1" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7A-C</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="D95486D5BAA543D8711452FDEE7F479D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mp3-4</emphasis>
) 4-segmented, moderately long, slender; palpomere 2 small; palpomere 3 elongate, about half length as terminal palpomere, weakly curved; palpomere 4 very long, slender, gently arcuate, slightly wider than preceding palpomere. Labial palpus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="636220CC84161BA81797203A7968E844" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Head with right antenna, dorsal view; B. Head with right antenna, ventral view; C. Enlargement of A; D. Right antenna, ventral view. Abbreviations: a 1 - 10, antennomeres 1 - 10; ey, compound eye; lp 3, labial palpomere 3; md, mandible; mp 3 - 4, maxillary palpomeres 3 - 4; pn, pronotum; pom, preocular margin of head; prt, protarsus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, B); 0.2 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868865" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">7B</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="E4E8FE0C810F9FA2092BCA475714AC52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">lp3</emphasis>
) probably three-segmented, rather short; palpomere 3 long, fusiform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="05BD8EA5BE8093AD17C681AC79E37B48" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="17110D8C9CB807049F970D1C03D3BDEA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Pronotum</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="1548B4E690303655CA66C435BB8F4746" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5EB42C32306E45133F1B2DE391C42337" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8A-D</figureCitation>
) transverse, widest in middle, 1.21 mm wide and 0.87 mm long (along midline), without basolateral constriction; lateral margin gently arcuate, smooth, with very narrow gutter along whole margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8EBED4F078B2ADD1AA383F9DCCF62B6A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8D</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="400A12AE7632B509C510F92CB1B4BB7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">pg</emphasis>
); surface simple and even, but densely strongly punctate; anterior corners slightly produced with acute angles, whereas those of posterior ones right-angled. Procoxal cavity externally closed behind. Prosternum short, biconcaved, seemingly strongly transverse; prosternal process between procoxae very narrow, laminate, resulting in subcontiguous procoxae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5E4ED189A852DFDECA1B4AB2A7533D88" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10A</figureCitation>
, arrow). Scuteller shield (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BDA4FBB9F4D4BD3B71276B1315B0932B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8A-C</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="5978761D5EC9C329F8B03A1158266618" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">sc</emphasis>
) small, semicircular; surface even, entirely covered with rather dense, deep punctation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E3D1C0533E67AA5F0B4210BEF80A673" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="156631CC91E5659AF3989880EEAD8207" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Elytra</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="2AEA0058F6A35D16FE1D17C40644A8F7" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67D6101FE65EDF7C75826C0B1B767808" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8B, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C28894B5BBE63316BC22AA70F8BAC797" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9C, D</figureCitation>
) complete, narrowly elongate, nearly subparallel-sided in anterior four-fifths, with left elytron 1.71 mm long (measured from pronotal posterior end to apex of elytron) and 0.66 mm wide; lateral margins narrowly explanate, each with inconspicuous epipleural gutter (see
<bibRefCitation id="27FEF5D68F1E9C4471346A96DFFE74D7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040323" author="Yamamoto, S" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" refId="B88" refString="Yamamoto, S, 2021. Tachyporinae revisited: phylogeny, evolution, and higher classification based on morphology, with recognition of a new rove beetle subfamily (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Biology 10(4): e323. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040323" title="Tachyporinae revisited: phylogeny, evolution, and higher classification based on morphology, with recognition of a new rove beetle subfamily (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Biology 10 (4): e 323." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040323" year="2021">Yamamoto 2021</bibRefCitation>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="71839A59A7D8281AEA5BEBA77977BB09" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8B, E</figureCitation>
9C, D,
<emphasis id="D5CC3E7ADA01E719D3E8E8FBF5B7BC56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">epg</emphasis>
); surface smooth without tubercles, but densely covered with deep dense punctures uniformly, seemingly not forming evident longitudinal rows (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B0EA223F88EAEBE2CCC139D09A935A64" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view; B. Left elytron, dorsolateral view; C. Punctation on elytra, pronotum, and scutellar shield; D. Left lateral margin of pronotum, dorsal view; E. Left elytral margin with elytral shoulder, dorsal view. Abbreviations: epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; pg, gutter along outer margin of pronotum; pn, pronotum; sc, scutellar shield. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E); 0.3 mm (D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868866" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">8B</figureCitation>
). Mesocoxal cavities narrowly separated (see Fig.
<figureCitation id="C8B308CABBC4FCA78CB5B79083162119" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10B</figureCitation>
). Metaventrite (Fig.
<figureCitation id="77AB90952B79278B6C53293D7CCD1B45" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10B-D</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="B480A3EB3875933D359D5DFA1718E63A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mtv</emphasis>
) transverse, much longer than mesoventrite; surface generally somewhat densely punctured, with deep and prominent discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus; see Fig.
<figureCitation id="C0AEA029451BF670FD1533CF2B663E74" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10D</figureCitation>
, arrow).
</paragraph>
<caption id="05EE5085068BAAED0551CA8064DEB19A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="64D8598807E91A00631103225F6E8CE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="8A30452991626A72193681A4040D658A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Details of
<taxonomicName id="0153EDBB4F4D294B5FF2ADA9C928F17B" authorityName="Yamamoto" authorityYear="2023" family="Lucanidae" genus="Cretognathus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cretognathus minutissimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" rank="species" species="minutissimus">
<emphasis id="F999D3BD453C7BEC1F262DEE519C1319" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Cretognathus minutissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU-0000121206.
<emphasis id="5EC19099AEAB5D161C38576608FC3B71" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">A.</emphasis>
Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view;
<emphasis id="C4717B1BA9B0B5962919A4185335C3BD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">B.</emphasis>
Meso- and metathorax, ventral view;
<emphasis id="A7EFE74A10FE2B93884ECED9780FF5DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">C.</emphasis>
Abdomen, ventral view;
<emphasis id="D26F6F7FE2C946D7E52343D68CC69D04" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">D.</emphasis>
Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v1-5, ventrites 1-5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="8343F47D685F9C20E29C679161CBCBDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">A</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="AEDB927EBA1AAB1CB471F1AA90B61701" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">B</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="855209CE52D2CAEC6CA3717FFFC1FF25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="3AC90E414561528329101A7DD363F3C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5FF2500EB4F2BB80A481095878EEBC7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B58017DAC719F760CF1F6E892F5AE4BF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Legs</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="D996A438C733766ED4390D6390070C8E" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EA073CAAF59C91D1E7C7439A290EE0AB" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BC9287561C033E4495990B79EAC7B94C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10</figureCitation>
) short, rather thick, robust (except very slender protarsi). Protibia (Figs
<figureCitation id="57B0F9BDD108E6BD83436DC852576979" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1A10F2943441D3264E0F9607E766A47E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9A, B</figureCitation>
) robust, flattened, weakly curved, gradually widened apically, with one large apical spur; external edge armed with three strong teeth in apical half, i.e., one large, curved, and slender apical tooth (
<emphasis id="EADA5F29163712AAE6D45E95F4B7236A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">at</emphasis>
), one large, curved, and slender mid-dorsal tooth 2 (
<emphasis id="F36E874E333A24275CB03A7FD8F64597" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt2</emphasis>
), and one smaller, inconspicuous mid-dorsal tooth 1 (
<emphasis id="F384A2CCE8609FD904C80685491E46F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt1</emphasis>
) (
<emphasis id="ACF672A1B01CAEA1DD4C1660E8170405" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="988E57AA22428C7AC25EC655A97D88F2" author="Holloway, BA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna of New Zealand" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 254" refId="B22" refString="Holloway, BA, 2007. Lucanidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Fauna of New Zealand 61: 1 - 254" title="Lucanidae (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="61" year="2007">Holloway 2007</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1), with 16 short, acute, and subequal-sized tooth-like spines (8 subcontiguous ones before
<emphasis id="11944764296DACFD8BAAF48E8F9755E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt1</emphasis>
, 4 subcontiguous ones between
<emphasis id="6A148EE69E0C5A0571C008E676FE5892" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="E6058B567DA1CDD62A859D09CC7D1822" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt2</emphasis>
, and 4 subcontiguous ones between
<emphasis id="6FC35E6182E3DB5F04466A173C1C751E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mdt2</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="F4972C82F9D83068E74FDC31A274AD76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">at</emphasis>
, see arrows on Fig.
<figureCitation id="BC34A22149161ED98DFC8F9BCBA60905" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9A, B</figureCitation>
for the latter condition). Procoxa widely transverse. Mesotibia with a few small mid-dorsal spines at apical two-fifths (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA6353D5CFBDA35A73B90667D5A1B09E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9C</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="CE4C0D5965E81101F36518BA5D9CB6E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mds</emphasis>
), with paired prominent apical spurs (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1F1049EA038B62D4CDFCFD34FAD2476A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9C, E, F</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="49A1E033D010B545DA904A0BEAFD45B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">as</emphasis>
). Metacoxae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E01763012331D2F6F0E9FAD63F1B6345" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10C, D</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="CEDFD746CDC9116E385F5A23496ED8E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">mtc</emphasis>
) transverse, subcontiguous. Metatibia (Fig.
<figureCitation id="988E273D57A5F390E4B8A94D87D27C51" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9D</figureCitation>
) thick and robust, only slightly longer than metatarsus, with a few small mid-dorsal spines located at slightly beyond middle apically (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FD3529BFBD9828EB13238436C7CBE1B9" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9D</figureCitation>
) and paired prominent apical spurs (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8E762BFFA14F8A44E9A349D3CBF09421" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9D, G, H</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="E5C5AB49CAABA4F2537345AC4C9636B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">as</emphasis>
). All tarsi 5-segmented, each extremely slender and long (protarsi) or thick and rather short (meso- and metatarsi); tarsomere 1 longer than tarsomere 2, tarsomeres 2-4 subequal in length, tarsomere 5 longest, as long as (protarsi) or slightly shorter (meso- and metatarsi) than tarsomeres 2-4 combined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AE8A5387509E3FE7B540F1CAC7D68CFA" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
). Pretarsal claw (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7A166699BDDB0678BC456BA83755FDE9" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="5F9867C20BC12E48FB9B22236C7522B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">cl</emphasis>
) relatively short, simple, moderately curved, moderately (protarsi) or slightly (meso- and metatarsi) shorter than tarsomeres 3 and 4 combined. Arolium (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BE8E45BD5C5F7EF36352D58A85C65796" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
) well-developed, with elongate rod (Fig.
<figureCitation id="16594548F2829B3DBD1F3E35AADF1225" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="C9EC9D150513CCFE42BB115BFE03F5BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">ra</emphasis>
), bearing 2 long bristles on its apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D2CB0B97B148DE0B1238A7037D323C2D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Right protibia and protarsus with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, dorsal view; B. Right protibia with arrow showing row of small teeth between large spines along outer edge of protibia, ventral view; C. Left mesotibia and mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; D. Left metatibia and metatarsus, dorsolateral view; E. Left mesotarsus, ventrolateral view; F. Left mesotarsus, dorsolateral view; G. Left metatarsus, dorsolateral view; H. Left metatarsus, ventrolateral view. Abbreviations: as, apical spur; at, apical tooth of protibia; cl, claw; el, elytron epg, epipleural gutter along outer margin of elytron; mds, mid-dorsal spines of meso- and metatibia; mdt 1 - 2, mid-dorsal teeth 1 - 2 of protibia; mst 1 - 5, mesotarsomeres 1 - 5; msti, mesotibia; mtt 1 - 5, metatarsomeres 1 - 5; mtti, metatibia; pt 1 - 5, protarsomeres 1 - 5; pti, protibia; ra, rod of arolium; sa, setae on rod of arolium. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A, C, D); 0.2 mm (B, E - H)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868867" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">9</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis id="DAC5AE037D6BB9C6BCED37395E830DC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">sa</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F01B077C9438AC256DBD80024DF3D144" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="0C0E76511F0C14502BD4A8A8D5015153" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Abdomen</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="719E6146D7044791D44798E63D48DB03" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. General habitus of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868864" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">6B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2AB233A951BE5E7E9D72833B0F7D7630" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Details of Cretognathus minutissimus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, SEHU- 0000121206. A. Prosternum with arrow showing subcontiguous procoxae, ventral view; B. Meso- and metathorax, ventral view; C. Abdomen, ventral view; D. Meso- and metathorax with arrow showing discrimen (median longitudinal sulcus) on metaventrite, ventral view. Abbreviations: msf, mesofemur; msv, mesoventrite; mtc, metacoxal cavity; mtf, metafemur; mtti, metatibia; mtv, metaventrite; pf, profemur; ps, prosternum; v 1 - 5, ventrites 1 - 5. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.5 mm (C, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/868868" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">10C, D</figureCitation>
) with 5 visible ventrites (
<emphasis id="A5BAAF79A7A7E85AD6BE832BE8E03C6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">v1</emphasis>
-
<emphasis id="8C4530A7A59C619E23EB139A26B93975" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">5</emphasis>
); central part rather swelled above; each ventrite strongly transverse; ventrites 2-4, at least, each armed with a row of large villiform teeth along posterior margin; ventrite 5 with apical margin only feebly emarginate (similar condition of the male of
<taxonomicName id="C8AFB8E6C775EA8DE996DC227CAEB1E4" authorityName="Parry" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Mitophyllus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mitophyllus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="10A8AA4A9E14D81DF64AF3DAF0A51A07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Mitophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
figured in
<bibRefCitation id="AF2D2B136C3552FDDC785C86297E6628" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9517578" author="Holloway, BA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" pagination="641 - 656" refId="B21" refString="Holloway, BA, 1998. A re-evaluation of the genera of New Zealand aesaline stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 28 (4): 641 - 656, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9517578" title="A re-evaluation of the genera of New Zealand aesaline stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9517578" volume="28" year="1998">Holloway 1998</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D85A635193BB3B5539453E053636D05" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="8647EFE7965671148995F1E697E03E39" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Genitalia</emphasis>
not visible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9949480785FE636CDABAC9BE1D365702" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="589476574FD20B00DC4F1BB4A9A6F11D" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60467C053141AC711302A642F7FB469B" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
The specific name &quot;
<emphasis id="9CC162817FC83FE095B2F264B1ABF4F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">minutissimus</emphasis>
&quot; is a Latin adjective meaning 'extremely
<normalizedToken id="A147CCC9BCE1EF1F5EFC52A843DE5CE9" originalValue="small’">small'</normalizedToken>
, in reference to its very small body size for the
<taxonomicName id="EB9B63A4958E1A0E432CB93715A21E11" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lucanidae</taxonomicName>
family.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7BFC7948733636B2AEA61A3140D0B5C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="211" type="locality and horizon">
<paragraph id="CD8E65C44CEEE54E2AFB305442CEF816" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">Locality and horizon.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7001EE9F441F40A5DA6A9D5798FF1172" pageId="0" pageNumber="211">
Hukawng Valley (
<geoCoordinate id="7D9BAEED19D95C7BFC835151040D872D" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.333334">26°20'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F6575D8A36A430CDE60A3055C06E9AD2" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="96.6">96°36'E</geoCoordinate>
), Kachin State, northern Myanmar; unnamed horizon, mid-Cretaceous, Upper Albian to Lower Cenomanian.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3R2M6" LSID="D9E4F0AB-7AE1-53D0-AF40-DD3777442A38" authority="Crews &amp; Harvey, 2011" authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops francesae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francesae">Karaops francesae Crews &amp; Harvey, 2011</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 16. Karaops yumbu and members of the Karaops francesae species group A Karaops yumbu, habitat, Sawpit Gorge, Western Australia B habitat of Karaops francesae, Mt. Lindesay, Western Australia C Karaops francesae, female paratype, east Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54994) D Karaops francesae, male holotype, northeast of slope of West Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54996) E Karaops toolbrunup, female holotype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 76592) F Karaops toolbrunup, male paratype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 62231). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 16B-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 6" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Map 6. Species of the Karaops francesae species group; yellow = Karaops francesae, teal = Karaops toolbrunup." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops francesae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francesae">Karaops francesae</taxonomicName>
Crews &amp; Harvey, 2011: 70, figs 65-68 (♂, ♀, examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="new records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">New records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Western Australia • 1 imm; Cape Le Grand National Park, Lucky Bay camping area, site 4;
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-33.99361">33°59'37&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="122" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="06.9" value="122.21858">122°13'06.9&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 18 Jun. 2014; 33 m; J.M. Waldock, C.A. Car leg.; hand search; base of granite outcrop; (WAM T134604) • 1♀, 1♂; Fitzgerald River National Park, Mt. Drummond;
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-33.91028">33°54'37&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="119.611664">119°36'42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 7 Oct. 2007; 297 m; M.L. Moir, J. Newell, S. Brett leg.; (WAM T136891) • 1♀; Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve, Upper Firebreak Gully, Firebreak Track near Little Beach;
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-34.976665">34°58'36&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="118.194725">118°11'41&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 27 Nov. 2014; M.S. Harvey, M.G. Rix, M.A. Castalanelli leg.; by hand; under eucalypt bark; (WAM T134761) • 1♀; Fitzgerald River National Park, gully E of Two Bump Hill;
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="07.3" value="-34.00203">34°00'07.3&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="06.3" value="119.76842">119°46'06.3&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 06 Oct. 2007; J. Newell, S. Comer leg.; under rocks; (WAM T119331) • 1♀; Cape Le Grand National Park, Lucky Bay, granite outcrop, site 7;
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="45.1" value="-33.99586">33°59'45.1&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="122" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="11.7" value="122.21992">122°13'11.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 19 Jun. 2014; 29 m; J.M. Waldock, C.A. Car leg.; by hand; under rock on granite; (WAM T133030) • 1♀; same as previous; 44 m; WAM T133031.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Males of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops francesae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 16. Karaops yumbu and members of the Karaops francesae species group A Karaops yumbu, habitat, Sawpit Gorge, Western Australia B habitat of Karaops francesae, Mt. Lindesay, Western Australia C Karaops francesae, female paratype, east Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54994) D Karaops francesae, male holotype, northeast of slope of West Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54996) E Karaops toolbrunup, female holotype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 76592) F Karaops toolbrunup, male paratype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 62231). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16D</figureCitation>
) can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. toolbrunup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="toolbrunup">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. toolbrunup</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the smaller tegular lobe and the embolus that is at the perimeter of the cymbium (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey 2011</bibRefCitation>
: figs 65, 66, 71, 72). Females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. francesae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 15. Karaops jawayway sp. nov. and Karaops yumbu of the Karaops dawara species group A Karaops jawayway sp. nov., Savannah Way, Northern Territory B Karaops yumbu, Browns Range, Western Australia, night C Karaops yumbu habitat, Wolverine pre-pit, Browns Range, Western Australia D Karaops yumbu, Browns Range, Western Australia, night E habitat of Karaops jawayway sp. nov., Savannah Way, Northern Territory F Karaops yumbu, Browns Range, Western Australia (sel _ 1293, WAM T 155669) G same H same. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816400" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15C</figureCitation>
) have the ducts between the spermathecae and accessory bulbs coiled and the accessory bulbs extend anteriorly beyond the middle of the genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The description of the male and female can be found in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 103" refId="B14" refString="Crews, SC, Harvey, MS, 2011. The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region. ZooKeys 99: 1 - 103, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" title="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" volume="99" year="2011">Crews and Harvey (2011)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species is found along the southern coast of Western Australia, including offshore islands (Maps
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 6" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Map 6. Species of the Karaops francesae species group; yellow = Karaops francesae, teal = Karaops toolbrunup." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816402" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops francesae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 16. Karaops yumbu and members of the Karaops francesae species group A Karaops yumbu, habitat, Sawpit Gorge, Western Australia B habitat of Karaops francesae, Mt. Lindesay, Western Australia C Karaops francesae, female paratype, east Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54994) D Karaops francesae, male holotype, northeast of slope of West Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54996) E Karaops toolbrunup, female holotype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 76592) F Karaops toolbrunup, male paratype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 62231). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16C, D</figureCitation>
) is known from the southwest of Western Australia and has primarily been collected along the coast (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 16. Karaops yumbu and members of the Karaops francesae species group A Karaops yumbu, habitat, Sawpit Gorge, Western Australia B habitat of Karaops francesae, Mt. Lindesay, Western Australia C Karaops francesae, female paratype, east Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54994) D Karaops francesae, male holotype, northeast of slope of West Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54996) E Karaops toolbrunup, female holotype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 76592) F Karaops toolbrunup, male paratype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 62231). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16B</figureCitation>
). It is thus far known from three subregions: Southern Jarrah Forest of the Jarrah Forest bioregion and the Fitzgerald and Recherche subregions of the Esperance Plains bioregion. The Southern Jarrah Forest climate is warm Mediterranean, with Jarrah-Marri woodlands interspersed with shrublands. The Esperance bioregion is characterized by scrub and mallee heaths. The vegetation of the Fitzgerald subregion is diverse, with many localized endemics. The Fitzgerald and Recherche subregions both have a temperate Mediterranean climate. The Recherche subregion vegetation is primarily heath, and it gets slightly more rainfall than the Fitzgerald subregion. The subregions are warmest and driest November to March, and coolest and wettest May to August. Adults seem to occur during the transitional times between hot and dry and cool and wet; however, this may reflect when collections are made as it is not optimal to collect during the hottest or wettest times of the year (Suppl. material 2: table S1). This species is often collected beneath granite slabs (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 16. Karaops yumbu and members of the Karaops francesae species group A Karaops yumbu, habitat, Sawpit Gorge, Western Australia B habitat of Karaops francesae, Mt. Lindesay, Western Australia C Karaops francesae, female paratype, east Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54994) D Karaops francesae, male holotype, northeast of slope of West Mount Barren, Fitzgerald River National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 54996) E Karaops toolbrunup, female holotype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 76592) F Karaops toolbrunup, male paratype, Toolbrunup, Stirling Ranges National Park, Western Australia (WAM T 62231). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species overlaps with two species,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops toolbrunup</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, its sister taxon, and there has been a single collection of
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. jarrit" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="jarrit">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. jarrit</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from within the range.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops toolbrunup" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toolbrunup">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops toolbrunup</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thus far only been collected from the Stirling Ranges National Park. It is closely related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. francesae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and looks similar, but all specimens collected can be distinguished (i.e., they are not variants). Molecular data show some clades of
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. francesae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that are as different from one another as they are from as
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. toolbrunup" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="toolbrunup">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. toolbrunup</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, no morphological differences have been found in these groups, and it is possibly due to introgression, intermixing, or the genes used are not good for determining these relationships (Suppl. material 1). These two species comprise the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops francesae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francesae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops francesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="8354" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8354">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="8354">Undescribed species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>