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<document id="8809DC7642C8D0D887A68421A4EBDB91" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c8f9f42d-9e2f-417b-92e1-15989873d369" ModsDocID="z01657p023" checkinTime="1247238800965" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Bernard Séret &amp; Peter R. Last" docDate="2007" docId="D9B42E2500A7308BA62E5C677EB88EDB" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Seret_Last_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1657" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:17D5EC4D-B553-4EF6-8BAB-1A24FFD08C3C" docTitle="Parmaturus albimarginatus Séret &amp; Last, 2007, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="64563F9291AB9DCF72B792D79402F0F6" masterDocTitle="Four new species of deep-water catsharks of the genus Parmaturus (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) from New Caledonia, Indonesia and Australia." masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1701314802289" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BAD19B36A654AA84C22A3FC69901A13B">Four new species of deep-water catsharks of the genus Parmaturus (Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) from New Caledonia, Indonesia and Australia.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FEE518ECAB7B674345C4E9D99450A921">Bernard Séret</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="589979FCE9E7893F07321285FFE4E051">Peter R. Last</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="34CE8C6E5A5B8ACEEF6B19086FFF7502">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D9B42E2500A7308BA62E5C677EB88EDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6252625" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100121561" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6252625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9B42E2500A7308BA62E5C677EB88EDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9B42E2500A7308BA62E5C677EB88EDB" lastPageNumber="29" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="5B6885B6F791E92888603A9E196526D9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3D4B38BA7594E3C86A1E5E5B88486CBA" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="8DAB85C9722A2840E438AA0657CFB397" ID-CoL="4DNG2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">Parmaturus albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="77CA3C6481949464CF7D7F5025FBE166" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="7E97101D3FDAAD777F4F86C1F0D55175" type="description">
<paragraph id="185837C4B7FEEAEF07AFB1D4339B86B3" pageNumber="25">Figs 2 and 3, Tables 1-3</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D04F85BB3C5F778B53B244B2E7A04AD4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="534D664D6556A5BB1173F472BDE31742" pageNumber="25">
White-tip Catshark (English), holbiche
<normalizedToken id="0C3D71202B039463B87666F82654E4EB" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
pointes blanches (French).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="84FA53318D2D83ABD6E5321EDBD6BBA6" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="D5479EA541E8B39BFC3E235DA8E625BF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1BED76CF-5BE3-4359-8F46-64D2811E116D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Parmaturus Garman 1906:203" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Parmaturus</taxonomicName>
sp.: Grandperrin et al., 1995: table 3, p. 35 and table 4, p. 42 (listed)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="753F753985E2EE6DFCA70360869B127C" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FEB4B6CAE95541EA9A618F2B6A7AA211" pageNumber="25">Material. 1 specimen.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBC83FE14A5933AB4AEECCDA2C6F9A4B" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="3D3A465D6CFB2BA263141ED4CE28A250" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923904846" country="New Caledonia">
<collectingCountry id="36EBB72792C9A504ED1F80589256C9A1">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
. Cruise HALICAL 1, stn 15,
<geoCoordinate id="8467732E0F22C8C7B2451CC578427450" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-18.9">18°54’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="387357474B7E43A64DBD5ED3AF6CDC73" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="163.08333">163°05’E</geoCoordinate>
(Grand Passage), 688-732 m depth, longline, R.V. “ Alis ”,
<date id="DA0C29E386FF69B7C293CBB4D13E2657" day="21" month="11" value="1994-11-21" year="1994">21 November 1994</date>
, adult male 577 mm TL (
<collectionCode id="68522E7B20E13BA0C880A276D904F754" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle">MNHN</collectionCode>
1997.3584:
<typeStatus id="637C961FA53F68462C4D4B0C54BDA391">holotype</typeStatus>
).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF2C6CB37926642182A0A2887A013224" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9442972D9F7C49F8429C36CB3F3D2C31" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis. A scyliorhinid catshark with the following combination of characters: a soft body; velvet-like skin with large tricuspidate denticles; plain pale to medium brown coloration; dorsal, caudal and anal-fin posterior margins distinctly white-edged; pronounced caudal crests on upper and lower anterior caudal fin margins, denticles on crests greatly enlarged; teeth mainly tricuspidate with greatly elongate median cusps, in 92 rows in both jaws; first dorsal fin slightly behind middle of back; pelvic fins slightly in front of mid-body, prepelvic length 47% TL; vent at mid-length, pre-vent length 50% TL; snout relatively short, prenarial length 3.7% TL; mouth short, length 3.7% TL; labial furrows short, 1.7-2.0% TL, lower furrows subequal in length to upper furrows; head depressed, shorter than abdomen, length 19.2% TL, pectoral-pelvic length 24.8% TL; second dorsal fin larger than first, anterior margins of first and second dorsal fins 8.7% and 10.4% TL respectively; subterminal caudal lobe relatively small, subterminal margin length 3.3% TL, terminal margin length 3.8% TL; monospondylous centra 43; precaudal centra 95.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C3C7D1EA047C2C66E55A7C65A529CD8" type="description">
<paragraph id="2D32BB71E4787615AD70E5CAAEDEF967" pageNumber="25">Description. Scyliorhinid catshark with flabby, soft body, trunk slightly depressed, tail compressed and tapering to caudal fin, head well depressed, height 6.9% TL, head shorter than abdomen, pectoral to pelvic space 24.8% TL, 1.3 in head length; pelvic to anal space 0.7 in anal-fin base; caudal peduncle moderately elongate, anal to caudal space 1.1 of anal-fin base; peduncle moderately compressed, caudal peduncle width 1.6 in height, dorsal and ventral profile longitudinally ridged by anterior part of upper and lower caudal fin crest. Snout short and rounded-parabolic in dorsoventral view, tip broadly rounded, conical in lateral view; preoral length 6.3% TL, 0.7 in mouth width; prenarial snout 0.9 times eye length. Eyes large, length 3.9% TL, 4.9 in head length; eyes dorsolateral on head, with well-developed subocular ridges. Labial furrows short but well defined. Nostrils large with tube-like incurrent apertures, anterior nasal flaps sub-triangular, posterior tip not forming a pronounced lobe, nostrils well separated, internarial length 2.1% TL; well removed from mouth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="481FCB784A0947BADF2DBE90EDF74CF5" lastPageNumber="26" pageNumber="25">Teeth of upper jaw fully exposed when mouth closed; anterior teeth tricuspidate with a long pointed central cusp flanked by much smaller lateral, often barely distinguishable cusps; lateral teeth with shorter median cusps, and relatively longer lateral cusps, lateral cusps often with a short accessory cusp (teeth weakly fivecusped), base of teeth ridged, teeth in 92/92 rows in upper and lower jaw respectively; teeth in quincunx arrangement but lateral teeth appear as arranged in oblique rows due to the equal or decreasing size of the cusps. Dermal denticles on side: weakly imbricated and erect; shield-like tricuspidate crown with a very long pointed median cusp ending in a longitudinal ridge and mostly short lateral cusps. A strong caudal crest of enlarged denticles on basal half of upper caudal margin falling short of second dorsal-fin insertion by length of about first gill slit; denticles of caudal crest greatly enlarged laterally (tricuspidate, often more than three times longer than body denticles below, lateral cusps barely shorter than median cusp, directed posterolaterally, with about three rows of smaller denticles between greatly enlarged lateral denticles, denticles largest anteriorly decreasing in size posteriorly on crest to merge with denticles of tail, crest well elevated, naked area of skin separating crest denticles from those on side of tail); a similar but less well-developed crest on caudal peduncle ventrally, barely extending onto ventral caudal margin; crest less well elevated than dorsal crest, in 4-5 rows, denticles smaller in size than those in dorsal crest.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FAE12F502A44568764306602A7E0B01B" pageNumber="26">First dorsal fin much smaller than second dorsal, first originating slightly forward of pelvic fin insertion; second originating over posterior half of anal fin base; anterior margin of both dorsal fins weakly convex, apices narrowly rounded; posterior margin of first dorsal fin strongly convex, second dorsal posterior margin much less convex; rear corner obtusely angular; inner margin straight, directed posterodorsally. Pectoral fins small and rounded distally, somewhat lobe-like, anterior margin 9.4% TL; anterior and posterior margins moderately convex, apex and rear corners broadly rounded. Pelvic fins small, subtriangular, apex broadly rounded, length 9.4% TL. Anal fin triangular, similar in size to second dorsal fin, base 10.7% TL, 0.9 times interdorsal space; origin at about level of anterior half of interdorsal space, anal-fin height 2.3 in base length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E326BA56AC2C444EC3D1099E7C766084" pageNumber="27">Caudal fin relatively short, dorsal caudal margin length 21.9% TL, upper and lower lobes originating as low ridges of enlarged denticles; lower lobe moderately developed distally; terminal caudal lobe fan-like with pronounced convex posterior margin. Monospondylous centra 43; precaudal centra 95; total 136.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E74922B2D82CC43571D13B697F50154A" lastPageNumber="29" pageNumber="28">Coloration. (from preserved specimen). Plain pale to medium brown dorsally, no evidence of body markings; lower flanks yellowish white, gradating into slightly darker coloration above; brownish coloration on dorsal tail delineated clearly from lighter lower side; yellowish white ventrally; dorsal, caudal, anal and dorsal surfaces of pectoral and pelvic fins brownish, somewhat darker than body; posterior margins of dorsal, caudal and anal fins with broad, white posterior margins; posterior margin of pectoral and pelvic fins light but not forming conspicuous white stripe. Floor and roof of mouth greyish, pores on roof of mouth black-edged. Claspers yellowish ventrally, milky white above; naked skin at pelvic insertion white.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A2948F321EBAC64B98D417524966D2C" pageNumber="29">Size. Known only from the holotype, an adult male 577 mm TL.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7EF7E2C15D5C07FF13A197004B859397" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="11EB75A65404E6816AFF2C1E3BAE7986" pageNumber="29">Distribution. From the insular slopes off northern New Caledonia (Grand Passage) in 590-732 m depth (Fig. 1).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BAFCCEE36F69E55A16773106A9E83F2C" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0F8465602DC4B0EF8BBB79E019EFAB7D" pageNumber="29">Etymology. From the Latin “albus” (white) and “marginatus” (with a border) in reference to its broad, white, posterior fin margins.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="07D652B055D9F9E710D2C83731C1CE8A" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0DCFD0221F0F9BD0F0FC86F8D3AA2BA6" pageNumber="29">
Comparisons.
<taxonomicName id="095664F0C2B0F212FA0EC6041400086E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">Parmaturus albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from its congeners by the following:
<taxonomicName id="CFD1327A2B6B983C4746825A5F9DBD98" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanobranchus">Parmaturus melanobranchus</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="9B8E0B96B7FA12A69E8887CF680426A1" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
by: first dorsal-fin origin forward of mid-length (after midlength in
<taxonomicName id="702343FA460C1C5CE5187962AA3E8D48" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
), pre-first dorsal length about 46% TL (versus about 51% TL); teeth with 3-5 cusps (versus mainly 3); shorter pre-pelvic length (39% TL versus 47% TL); longer mouth (7.0% TL versus 3.7% TL); head longer than abdomen (rather than shorter); and a dark brown or grey coloration (rather than pale brown).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90BA64B4FA53976C70C7CD1FA56AADDB" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="6D5D32B77AD85C7F3A8FC8951602B162" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C851B755-B735-4851-8DB8-1191B36BA280" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Parmaturus pilosus Garman 1906:204" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pilosus">Parmaturus pilosus</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="AC2AB47C907266C437AACAE3CAD23A94" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
by: first dorsal-fin origin forward of mid-length (after midlength in
<taxonomicName id="338123BC647A19385E167158E8A8E2A6" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
), pre-first dorsal length 45-46% TL (versus about 51% TL); teeth with mainly 5-6 cusps (versus mainly 3); dorsal fins subequal (versus second dorsal larger); and a larger subterminal caudal lobe (5.5% TL versus 3.3% TL).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5A2AF835CFB29A3B199163A5B1AEC2E7" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="A262788B6F628279360BD4A92585E83C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C40E89F-1C86-4B57-9C29-DB0012CE9560" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Parmaturus Parmaturus macmillani Hardy 1985:120" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macmillani">Parmaturus macmillani</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="A4EF7E38759F5C2B848504C70F08CD64" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
by: first dorsal-fin origin forward of mid-length (after midlength in
<taxonomicName id="1111599269D7AFA9BF6C52DA54CC3915" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Parmaturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albimarginatus">P. albimarginatus</taxonomicName>
), pre-first dorsal length about 48% TL (versus 51% TL); teeth with 5-6 cusps (versus mainly 3); and dorsal fins subequal (versus second dorsal larger).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="D637764686A6550CBE86687CA63C7B98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FD6A802E62E7111C3CA27FC532A4615" ID-CoL="3Q4MP" authority="C. B. Adams, 1845" authorityName="C. B. Adams" authorityYear="1845" class="Polyplacophora" family="Ischnochitonidae" genus="Ischnochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnochiton erythronotus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erythronotus">Ischnochiton erythronotus (C. B. Adams, 1845)</taxonomicName>
Figures 2
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, 3
<normalizedToken id="5613364975F7EB69CC234CBE2C6667F1" originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CFA4D2BFBA1CE24C5A09863AF4C33307" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F9189844F041D7494A13E2401F77206" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07E637A6F0810BC1627F0770B9F46173" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
20 specimens; 0.5-16 mm long, 0.3-8.5 mm wide. Laguna Arrecifal Desterrada (CNMO4980), Isla Perez (CNMO4981, CNMO4982, CNMO5002),
<normalizedToken id="127452A68C83B5AD911041A875506454" originalValue="Cabaña">Cabana</normalizedToken>
y Playa CONANP (CNMO4983, CNMO4984, CNMO4989, CNMO4998, CNMO5000, CNMO5003, CNMO5004), Cabezas entre Blanca y Pajaros (CNMO4985), Playa Norte (CNMO4986, CNMO4988, CNMO5001), Playa Arrecifal (CNMO4987).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="64831BD5423172AE513EA315B5C4295B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="96B51512ACA4DECA9C3FC100F28FD1A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C527E4EA83600341DC76A84E49D0894" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Small-sized chitons, broad oval shape. Color of tegmentum and girdle very variable, mostly creamy, red, purple or light green and mottled with dark brown dots or patches (Figure 2
<normalizedToken id="93899E06A7D9C3C337436809A9FAB18B" originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
). Tegmentum sculptured with irregular concentric riblets and longitudinal narrow ribs. Head valve (Figure 3A), semicircular, not notched, sculpturing of irregular concentric ribs, broken into numerous riblets, forming fine radial indicated grooves. Tail valve (Figure 3B), wider than long, mucro postmedian, somewhat elevated; antemucronal area with 9-11 narrow, sometimes branched longitudinal narrow ribs; postmucronal area with concentric riblets and nodules, forming 19-23 radial grooves. Intermediate valves (Figure 3C), semi-rectangular outlined, side margins rounded and posterior margin from slightly concave to straight; lateral areas somewhat elevated, sculptured as the head valve, with two to three radial grooves; pleural areas with 12-14 longitudinal ribs, which fade towards the jugal area. Articulamentum laterally short; apophyses narrow, subtriangular shaped, jugal sinus wide and smooth (Figure 3D), slit formula 8
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10. Megalaesthetes surrounded by 7-8 large micraesthetes (Figure 3E). Girdle variable in color as tegmentum, with alternating irregular bands of dark and lighter color, dorsally with wide, short scales (Figure 3F), with 10-12 wide and flat ribs. Radula (Figure 3G), with major lateral teeth tricuspid, the outer cusp is shorter than the others, central tooth very narrow anteriorly wider and spatulated.
</paragraph>
<caption id="99296FEDBA76674016F02B2D8958A9BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="5BA6A82ECF08F240075658FB415276E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName id="25CC9B75D50D7D720D881CFE7B55B33A" class="Polyplacophora" family="Ischnochitonidae" genus="Ischnochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnochiton erythronotus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erythronotus">Ischnochiton erythronotus</taxonomicName>
(C. B. Adams, 1845),
<normalizedToken id="536152D24826FEEF10E7735B680A56D6" originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
: in dorsal view, showing the tegmentum color variability A specimen from Laguna Arrecifal Desterrada (CNMO4980, 15.2 mm length) B specimen from Isla Perez (CNMO4981, 93.7 mm length) C specimen from
<normalizedToken id="60619BE29D1348CC27AC5590A5FDE0DF" originalValue="Cabaña">Cabana</normalizedToken>
y Playa CONANP (CNMO4983, 11.7 mm length) and D (CNMO5003, 12.9 mm length) E specimen from Cabezas entre Blanca y Pajaros (CNMO4985, 13.6 mm length) F specimen from Playa Norte (CNMO4988, 14.2 mm length) G specimen from Playa Arrecifal (CNMO4987, 15.2 mm length length) and H, in lateral view.
<taxonomicName id="C2F626A387B6E98B47A68AB1C6EBE6D6" class="Polyplacophora" family="Ischnochitonidae" genus="Stenoplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenoplax bahamensis" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bahamensis">Stenoplax bahamensis</taxonomicName>
Kaas &amp; Van Belle, 1987
<normalizedToken id="CBFEE4C3567184904259431BB72987D4" originalValue="I–M">I-M</normalizedToken>
: in dorsal view, showing the tegmentum color variability I specimen from Playa Norte (CNMO4942, CNMO4943, 22.1 mm length) J specimen from Pared Arrecifal (CNMO4957, 24.5 mm) K Laguna Desterrada (CNMO4974, 23.4 mm length), and L and M, in dorsal and lateral view (CNMO4974, 22.8 mm length).
<taxonomicName id="ED35A25201DCCC45C27B6C26E8E0F9E2" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Calloplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calloplax janeirensis" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="janeirensis">Calloplax janeirensis</taxonomicName>
(Gray, 1828) N specimen from Isla Perez (CNMO4994, 12.5 mm length), in dorsal view and O (CNMO4990, 13.4 mm length), in lateral view, SB = 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Figure 3.
<taxonomicName id="B7E4F3F729D0FC27E81728D8C0568072" class="Polyplacophora" family="Ischnochitonidae" genus="Ischnochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ischnochiton erythronotus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erythronotus">Ischnochiton erythronotus</taxonomicName>
(C. B. Adams, 1845). Scanning electron images of a specimen from Laguna Arrecifal Desterrada (CNMO4980, 15.2 mm length); A head valve (I) in dorsal view, SB = 1 mm. B dorsal view of tail valve (VIII), SB = 1 mm C dorsal view of intermediate valve IV, SB = 1 mm D ventral view of intermediate valve IV, SB = 1 mm E detail of aesthete system, white arrows indicating the megalaesthetes, black arrows indicating the micraesthetes of intermediate valve IV, SB = 10
<normalizedToken id="9E9B15BAD95E9E5E9379B76662DAD8F0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
F girdle scales detail, SB = 100
<normalizedToken id="8DFC0062546F54AA174B102D50BDC0A9" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
G detail of radular teeth, SB = 100
<normalizedToken id="EFDEFF7EB581646FE7600B262DD55FD6" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4842068B9961A02BC37080904B23290F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="367862F17C55D473C44D1093DF62DBAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D67AFBD34D706A6B6A56D74053FA42A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Found in intertidal to shallow subtidal to 12 m depth. Found on dead coral, wood, rock, and sunken turtlegrass,
<taxonomicName id="992BC5F29801162EF9ADAF20004C118B" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thalassia testudinum" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="testudinum">Thalassia testudinum</taxonomicName>
Banks ex
<normalizedToken id="CCDC7AB6001A7391F301400F3E7ABF80" originalValue="König">Koenig</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF34745A59C6D71CC7AF98A50DA01A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3DBFABDEBB16656D816EEF989BF38A77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1F93CF184D2182286AA75B1B0221206" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species displays a considerable intraspecific variation in color and valve sculpturing; also observed in chitons from Cozumel Island and in Banco Chinchorro reef (in the most southern region of Quintana Roo) (CNMO5558), which was also noted by
<bibRefCitation id="0C14A79CE01C5DBDB51F1D24A1653EA8" author="Garcia-Rios, CI" journalOrPublisher="Editorial Isla Negra, San Juan Puerto Rico" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" title="Los Quitones de Puerto Rico." year="2003">
<normalizedToken id="AC910F382D3E8A56D5517821A6555453" originalValue="García-Ríos">Garcia-Rios</normalizedToken>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
for specimens from Puerto Rico and
<bibRefCitation id="4E503D5CA25434AA3D1E363B73B28934" author="Ferreira, JA" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="81 - 91" title="The Chiton species described by C. B Adams, 1845 from Jamaica." volume="28" year="1978 a">Ferreira (1978a)</bibRefCitation>
for Jamaica specimens. This variability was found in both, the juvenile and adult chitons morphology. In general, specimens reaching a length from 8-12.1 mm showed more regular and less broken ribs, whereas animals between 13.5-16 mm length developed branched ribs, particularly in pleural areas, and occasionally showed nodule formations on the head and the postmucronal area of the tail valve. This is the most common and abundant chiton species in the PNAA.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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Sieb
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, et Zucc.
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(
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<emphasis id="C40191AE29468B383025000BAF0950B5" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Reynoutria japonica</emphasis>
Houtt.
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,
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<emphasis id="D61ADE6B163B36E13AA3FBFB5AE8CEC2" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Tiniaria japonica</emphasis>
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[Houtt.] Hedberg)
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Ausdauernd. Mit unterirdisch kriechendem Rhizom.
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nicht
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.
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Frucht ca. 4 mm lang,
<emphasis id="B4BDD6BAD414535E8F83C5578441EBDC" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">3kantig</emphasis>
, rotbraun,
<normalizedToken id="D1FC037376549F78BD548804A4984CB1" originalValue="glänzend" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">glaenzend</normalizedToken>
, vom Perigon eingeschlossen. -
<normalizedToken id="86B9F52D7F907309B5801650912D2AC2" originalValue="Blüte" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Bluete</normalizedToken>
: Sommer und Herbst.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56C3DCD5758050972A201F7BF26225C6" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<emphasis id="56F246D224858777E50C6B2BA870CAD7" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<pageBreakToken id="AADAFF30F67DB138A40D24970AC0418F" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Zytologische</pageBreakToken>
Angaben. 2n
</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="6314082AEAB95F0A3378D658C38DEF1A" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">44:</emphasis>
Material aus botanischen
<normalizedToken id="6788DB31A1B251207F366F2627F2D649" originalValue="Gärten" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Gaerten</normalizedToken>
(Sugiura 1931Sugiura 1936), aus Japan (Doida 1960Doida 1962).
<emphasis id="5C6E4ED9041F1E2C898CADF715AE8C00" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">2n ca. 88:</emphasis>
Ohne Herkunftsangabe des Materials (Jaretzky 1928).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBDAA6488A72057A1628E25171456F82" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<emphasis id="F11381050EF8C24D5F3103CC5859767D" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Standort.</emphasis>
Kollin und montan. Verwildert auf frischen
<normalizedToken id="7E169C59620A9B755983C200FD4844DF" originalValue="Böden" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Boeden</normalizedToken>
. Hecken,
<normalizedToken id="16E699908D14965AE43E5467EA7878C6" originalValue="Schuttplätze" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Schuttplaetze</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="E9A846CCCE68A8DDBF497FF41CE00B25" originalValue="Flußufer" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Flussufer</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="7DA13A41DD1801C74B8A7E61FEB065E0" originalValue="Bahndämme" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Bahndaemme</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E86EA03F14F03C6E6E03177CC2B5886" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<emphasis id="CCD1CCC562E55B0D2D2752C9561364EA" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
Verbreitung.
<normalizedToken id="76F97A2E6D27AA2E86CE1EBA663BF531" originalValue="Ursprünglich" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Urspruenglich</normalizedToken>
ostasiatische Pflanze:
</emphasis>
Seit
<normalizedToken id="92BE339FCC0CA6B834D34FAF4422ED31" originalValue="über" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">ueber</normalizedToken>
100 Jahren in
<taxonomicName id="48EFB891745922AD79201CD2F8A2B124" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Europa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="null" pageNumber="737" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Europa</taxonomicName>
als Zierpflanze und Viehfutter (blattreiche Zweige) angepflanzt. - Im Gebiet vielenorts verwildert; sehr
<normalizedToken id="0954CBF39D596BF091A155D0F9232C09" originalValue="konkurrenzfähig" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">konkurrenzfaehig</normalizedToken>
und in Ausbreitung begriffen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7AF5A1BB0459F21FB91A35AD3D29849" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<emphasis id="15EFC13C766E0793DBD26A714FCDCD66" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Bemerkungen.</emphasis>
Aus dem Gebiet mehrfach angegeben und in Ausbreitung begriffen ist auch
<taxonomicName id="1B0C58750CC96A637858CEB835519DD1" authority="Schmidt" authorityName="Schmidt" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="null" pageNumber="737" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sachalinense">
<emphasis id="292DF3E4B87826C265E5D6529B466037" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">P. sachalinense</emphasis>
Schmidt
</taxonomicName>
: Strauch 2-4 m hoch;
<emphasis id="E107CE61B55E6A006CB6C00A28C617D2" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">
<normalizedToken id="E3A4F3BA7CF351FD2DD632CC3276CF90" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
am Grunde wenig tief ausgerandet bis
<normalizedToken id="CEE80091D0C7BCF1422E0BB0FCD0A42F" originalValue="herzförmig" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">herzfoermig</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, bis 30 cm lang und bis 15 cm breit.
<taxonomicName id="A49ACF550984B1C3E3973610B5AEA98A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Polygonum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="null" pageNumber="737" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sachalinense">
<emphasis id="26C573D1C853C05E2F772780E8BD4FBF" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">P. sachalinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stammt aus
<normalizedToken id="67A5B9582DE875B3B9B94F8D4BA32CF0" originalValue="Südsachalin" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">Suedsachalin</normalizedToken>
und wurde 1869 als Gartenpflanze in
<taxonomicName id="A686319D27B703617620099FC00818B9" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Europa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="null" pageNumber="737" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Europa</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="9646C49638F5872EF54A657452BC56AE" originalValue="eingeführt" pageId="null" pageNumber="737">eingefuehrt</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

74
data/D9/B4/F0/D9B4F0232E3281B239F28E1CCBC56A16.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" ID-PMC="PMC4107865" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-2-1099" ID-PubMed="25057248" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2828-2-e1099" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" ModsDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U.S.A.)" checkinTime="1451253423199" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thornhill, Robert, Krings, Alexander, Lindbo, David &amp; Stucky, Jon" docDate="2014" docId="D9B4F0232E3281B239F28E1CCBC56A16" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 2: e1099" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" docTitle="Saccharum baldwinii Spreng." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1099" masterDocId="E0792225FFC6FF93C34CB260FFA4FF8A" masterDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)" masterLastPageNumber="1099" masterPageNumber="1099" pageNumber="1099" updateTime="1668122585647" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Thornhill, Robert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Krings, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lindbo, David</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stucky, Jon</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1099</mods:start>
<mods:end>1099</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-2-1099</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9B4F0232E3281B239F28E1CCBC56A16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9B4F0232E3281B239F28E1CCBC56A16" lastPageNumber="1099" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
<taxonomicName authority="Spreng." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccharum baldwinii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baldwinii">Saccharum baldwinii Spreng.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Wet pine savannas (WLPS, VWLPS).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
Infrequent.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jul–Oct">Jul-Oct</normalizedToken>
. Thornhill 1111, 1189 (NCSC). [=
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Erianthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erianthus strictus" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strictus">Erianthus strictus</taxonomicName>
Baldwin sensu RAB; = FNA, Weakley]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>