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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2072" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c8ca7111-16ae-4fbe-b332-d64dfe9a3d75" ID-PMC="PMC3286257" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-147-425" ID-PubMed="22371671" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-147-425" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 147" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Oropodes Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)" checkinTime="1451249654989" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chandler, Donald S. & Caterino, Michael S." docDate="2011" docId="D95E34A7961E76BD7656DF8F03D3B9A5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 147: 425-477" docOrigin="ZooKeys 147" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2072" docTitle="Oropodes nuclere Grigarick & Schuster 1976" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="455" masterDocId="D002601EFFC6FF8CFFC9FFE9FF91B35F" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Oropodes Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="477" masterPageNumber="425" pageNumber="454" updateTime="1668152677205" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Oropodes Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chandler, Donald S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Caterino, Michael S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>147</mods:number>
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<mods:start>425</mods:start>
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<mods:end>477</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-147-425</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E34A7961E76BD7656DF8F03D3B9A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E34A7961E76BD7656DF8F03D3B9A5" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="29" pageNumber="454">
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">
|
||||
15.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Oropodes_nuclere" authority="Grigarick & Schuster, 1976" authorityName="Grigarick & Schuster" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes nuclere" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuclere">Oropodes nuclere Grigarick & Schuster, 1976</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fig. 16Map 3
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes nuclere" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuclere">Oropodes nuclere</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Grigarick & Schuster, 1976: 105;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Chandler 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 15. Type locality: California, Lake County, Lucerne. Holotype male (UCDC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">3: CALIFORNIA: Lake County: Lucerne, #99, VI-1-1961, R.O. Schuster (UCDC, 2 paratype females). Napa County: Rutherford, V-26-1966, W.C. Gagne (DSC).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Length 1.90-2.00 mm. Body light orange-brown. Antennomeres V and VII slightly larger than those adjacent. Eyes with about 70 facets in both sexes. Abdomen with first ventrite bearing carinae that extend posteriorly from posteromedial angles of metacoxal cavities to apex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Males: Metasternum with median longidudinal sulcus. Legs (Fig. 16B): profemora with broad mesal tooth near base; protibiae lacking modifications; meso- and metatibiae with prominent apical spur on mesal margin, spur of metatibiae smaller than that of mesotibiae. Abdomen (Fig. 16C, interpreted from specimen on slide) with shallow impression at middle between two widely spaced teeth at second ventrite apex, teeth 0.18 apart at centers; third ventrite 0.71 wide, impressed in middle third, lamina 0.18 wide, broadly emarginate at apex, angled at about 30°, close to posterior margin, oval transverse impression anterior to lamina with short setae; fourth ventrite slightly impressed in middle fourth; fifth-sixth ventrites lightly impressed in medial fourth; sixth ventrite (Fig. 16D) with margins of setose area slightly narrowed at middle. Aedeagus (Fig. 16A) 0.32 long; with right paramere rounded at apex, left paramere lobed at apex and extended further, internal sac with long sinuate rod that is asymmetrically bifurcate at apex.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Females: Fifth tergite with setose area on transverse rounded ridge, with median depression at apex bordered by small angulations; fifth ventrite (Fig. 16F) with setose area broadly divided by protruding glabrous area at middle. Genitalia (Fig. 16E) with medial portion strongly asymmetric, with several irregular, more heavily sclerotized areas, lobe to right with semicircular sclerotized margin.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="collection notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Collection notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">no collection data associated with the specimens.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="geographical distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">(Map 3): Known only from Lake and Napa Counties in the inner Coast Ranges north of the San Francisco Bay Area.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="29" pageNumber="454" type="comparisons and diagnostic notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="454">Comparisons and diagnostic notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="455" pageId="29" pageNumber="454">
|
||||
Placed a member of the raffrayi-group. This species is most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes rumseyensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rumseyensis">Oropodes rumseyensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the males sharing the broad tooth at the base of the profemora, only slightly swollen protibiae, with long apical spurs on the meso- and metatibiae, and the lamina of the third ventrite is angled at about 30°, while the female genitalia have a strongly asymmetric membranous lobe, and the fifth ventrite has the setose area divided. They differ by
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes nuclere" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuclere">Oropodes nuclere</taxonomicName>
|
||||
having a more complex rod of the
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="455" start="start">internal</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
sac and the internal sac lacking a cluster of denticles in the apical portion in the males, while the females have the setose area of the fifth sternite widely divided by a bar and the apex of the fifth tergite has a median impression. For
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes rumseyensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="455" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rumseyensis">Oropodes rumseyensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the rod of the internal sac lacks an apical division and there is a cluster of denticles in the apical portion for the males, while the females have the setose area of the fifth ventrite divided by projections of the anterior and posterior margins that meet but do not fuse and the fifth tergite has a blunt median tubercle at the apex. The male specimen from Sequoia National Park that was placed as this species by Grigarick & Schuster (1976) is described above as the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes casson" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="455" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="casson">Oropodes casson</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="30" pageNumber="455">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="455">
|
||||
Figure 16.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes nuclere" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="455" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuclere">Oropodes nuclere</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A Dorsal and right lateral view of male genitalia B Posterior view of right male profemur and protibia, mesotibia, and metatibia C Ventral view of male third ventrite D Ventral view of male sixth ventrite E Dorsal view of female genitalia F Dorsal view of female fifth ventrite. Scale line equals 0.1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
542
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB.xml
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data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB.xml
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<mods:namePart>Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
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<heading box="[136,1452,878,905]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority=": BURKINA." authorityName="BURKINA." box="[136,566,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,417,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Parahyparrhenia annua</emphasis>
|
||||
: BURKINA.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[572,707,878,905]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Upper Volta</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<materialsCitation box="[714,1448,878,905]" collectingDate="1958-09-25" collectionCode="J, G" country="United States of America" location="US" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Ouagadougou à Sikasso,
|
||||
<date box="[996,1216,878,905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1958-09-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[996,1216,878,905]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1958-09-25">25 September 1958</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1226,1384,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1226,1243,879,905]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1247,1270,879,905]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adams.n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1399,1439,878,904]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[136,247,914,940]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Dalaba Futa Djallon,
|
||||
<date box="[499,690,914,940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1962-10-30">30 October 1962</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[702,818,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[702,719,915,940]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adames
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
408 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[882,922,914,940]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[942,1048,914,940]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
[Guinée française] Timbo,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1909-03-02">2 March 1909</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[205,347,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[205,232,951,976]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Pobéguin
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
1777bis (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[456,496,950,976]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[514,703,950,976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">HAUTE VOLTA</collectionCode>
|
||||
[
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[714,1088,950,977]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">REPUBLIC OF UPPER VOLTA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
].
|
||||
<date box="[1103,1321,950,976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1962-09-30">30 September 1962</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1330,1451,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1330,1346,951,976]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Jangoua
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
1052
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[191,211,986,1013]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[230,272,986,1012]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[295,484,986,1012]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">IVORY COAST</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. between Boundiali and Mankono,
|
||||
<date box="[899,1111,986,1013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1965-11-02">2 November 1965</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1126,1224,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ake-Assi</emphasis>
|
||||
8297 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1310,1350,986,1012]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1373,1448,986,1012]" name="Serbia" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">MALI</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Fama-Koulou,
|
||||
<date box="[305,495,1022,1048]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1973-10-17">17 October 1973</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[506,623,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">D. N’Golo</emphasis>
|
||||
1459 (
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[701,743,1022,1048]" country="Serbia" name="Bor" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectingRegion>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[762,837,1022,1048]" name="Serbia" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">MALI</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. French West Africa Massif de Kita,
|
||||
<date box="[1246,1447,1022,1049]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1950-02-16">16 February 1950</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[136,212,1059,1084]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Jaeger</emphasis>
|
||||
17 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[268,295,1058,1084]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
!).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[322,453,1058,1084]" name="Senegal" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">SENEGAL</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<date box="[466,653,1058,1085]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1951-09">September 1951</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[667,819,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[667,687,1059,1084]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[700,717,1059,1084]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Berhaut
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
1897 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[901,943,1058,1084]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[966,1011,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Badi,
|
||||
<date box="[1096,1320,1058,1085]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1953-09-14">14 September 1953</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1333,1452,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1333,1349,1059,1084]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Berhaut
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
3040 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[208,250,1094,1120]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[270,315,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[329,446,1094,1120]" country="Senegal" name="Kedougou" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Kedougou</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Bandafassi,
|
||||
<date box="[589,809,1094,1120]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1964-11-13">13 November 1964</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[820,938,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[820,837,1095,1121]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[840,863,1095,1121]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adam
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
19929 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1031,1071,1094,1120]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1091,1136,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Niokolo-Koba,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1958-10-19">19 October 1958</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[210,372,1130,1157]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[210,227,1131,1157]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[230,253,1131,1157]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adams.n.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[391,431,1130,1156]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[455,500,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Niokolo-Koba Hasirek,
|
||||
<date box="[796,995,1130,1156]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1918-10-19">19 October 1918</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1009,1131,1130,1157]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1009,1026,1131,1157]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1030,1053,1131,1157]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adam
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
15696 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1232,1272,1130,1156]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1297,1342,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Niokolo Koba,
|
||||
<date box="[210,401,1166,1193]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1958-10-19">19 October 1958</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[412,536,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[412,428,1167,1192]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[438,461,1167,1193]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adam
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
15616 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[628,670,1166,1192]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[690,735,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Niokolo-Koba,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[924,963,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">s.d.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[977,1042,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Adam</emphasis>
|
||||
15418 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1134,1176,1166,1192]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1196,1241,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Tambacounda,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1953-09-11">11 September 1953</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[336,440,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Behrhaut</emphasis>
|
||||
2997 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[521,563,1202,1228]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[584,629,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Tambacounda
|
||||
<quantity box="[809,905,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="km" value="11.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="5.0">5-18 km</quantity>
|
||||
along road Dindéfélo-Kedougou,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1994-09-23">
|
||||
23 September
|
||||
<quantity box="[136,195,1238,1264]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.99412" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1994120.0">1994</quantity>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, 120m Alt.,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[337,524,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Simon Laegaard</emphasis>
|
||||
17232 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[620,660,1238,1264]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[682,727,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Tambacounda,
|
||||
<date box="[915,1095,1238,1265]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1988-10-07">7 October 1988</date>
|
||||
, 40 m Alt.,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1232,1452,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1232,1254,1239,1265]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Vanden Berghen
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
8332 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[212,254,1274,1300]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[278,323,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Tambacounda
|
||||
<quantity box="[508,592,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="km" value="2.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="0.0">0-5 km</quantity>
|
||||
along trail from Campment of Niacolo-Koba to Assivik Mount Savanne,
|
||||
<quantity box="[136,186,1310,1336]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="60.0">60m</quantity>
|
||||
Alt.,
|
||||
<date box="[252,477,1310,1337]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1994-09-25">25 September 1994</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[490,1074,1310,1337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[490,507,1311,1337]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Laegaard,
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[636,656,1311,1337]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Goudiaby,
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[794,810,1311,1336]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[814,834,1311,1336]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Madsen,
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[951,971,1311,1336]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Sambou
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
17273 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1171,1211,1310,1336]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1234,1279,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ibid</emphasis>
|
||||
, Tambacounda
|
||||
<quantity box="[136,233,1346,1373]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="km" value="11.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="5.0">5-18 km</quantity>
|
||||
along road Dindéfélo-Kedougou,
|
||||
<date box="[629,855,1346,1372]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1994-09-23">
|
||||
23 September
|
||||
<quantity box="[796,855,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.99412" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1994120.0">1994</quantity>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, 120m Alt.,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1000,1187,1346,1373]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Simon Laegaard</emphasis>
|
||||
17209 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1285,1325,1346,1372]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1348,1448,1346,1372]" name="Sudan" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">SUDAN</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<date box="[136,363,1382,1408]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1869-09-21">21 September 1869</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[378,526,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Schweinfurth</emphasis>
|
||||
183 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[597,629,1382,1408]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[650,679,1383,1409]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
|
||||
1916-0028406]
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[872,974,1382,1408]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[988,1014,1382,1408]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [Barcode
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1141,1162,1382,1409]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
000280141],
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1314,1335,1382,1408]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [Barcode MNHN-P-P00446134 and MNHN-P-P00446135] isotypes).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" box="[189,974,1454,1481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<materialsCitation box="[189,970,1454,1481]" collectingDate="1951-01-01" collectionCode="WEST, TROPICAL, AFRICA, H" collectorName="D. Jordon" location="BR" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bor">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[189,519,1454,1480]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">WEST TROPICAL AFRICA</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<date box="[530,703,1454,1481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1951-01-01">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[530,703,1454,1481]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1951-01-01">1 January 1951</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[715,854,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[715,740,1455,1480]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName box="[743,854,1454,1480]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">D. Jordon</collectorName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
666 (
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[919,961,1454,1480]" country="Serbia" name="Bor" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">BR</collectingRegion>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" box="[189,868,1490,1516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
Unknown, Tehad bedid,
|
||||
<date box="[465,656,1490,1516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1964-10-18">18 October 1964</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[667,737,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Audru</emphasis>
|
||||
1618 (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[815,855,1490,1516]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" box="[189,1438,1526,1553]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" box="[189,496,1526,1553]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,496,1526,1553]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Parahyparrhenia perennis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<materialsCitation box="[510,1434,1526,1553]" collectingDate="1956-10-21" collectionCode="J, G, K" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Conakry" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[510,621,1526,1552]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FD8AD0D82B82F99A" box="[631,729,1526,1552]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Conakry" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Conakry</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date box="[740,931,1526,1553]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1956-10-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[740,931,1526,1553]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1956-10-21">21 October 1956</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[942,1067,1526,1553]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[942,958,1527,1552]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[968,991,1527,1553]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Adam
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
12595 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1161,1186,1526,1552]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [Barcode]
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[1323,1426,1526,1553]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1981" box="[189,513,1562,1589]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,513,1562,1589]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Parahyparrhenia tridentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1929-11-30" collectionCode="N, K" country="Thailand" location="Ram Roi Yawt" municipality="Put" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="K000290017, K000290018" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[533,681,1562,1588]" name="Thailand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FD44D3352A37F9BF" box="[697,876,1562,1589]" country="Thailand" municipality="Put" name="Ram Roi Yawt" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Ram Roi Yawt</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date box="[892,1122,1562,1588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1929-11-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[892,1122,1562,1588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1929-11-30">30 November 1929</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1139,1216,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1139,1161,1563,1588]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1177,1216,1563,1588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Put</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2480 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1307,1332,1562,1588]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
!
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1349,1358,1562,1588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">[</emphasis>
|
||||
Barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[136,285,1598,1625]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K000290017</specimenCode>
|
||||
]
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[299,397,1598,1624]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[432,458,1598,1624]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
!
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[469,478,1598,1624]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">[</emphasis>
|
||||
Barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[579,728,1598,1625]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K000290018</specimenCode>
|
||||
] isotype)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="J. B. Hacker" baseAuthorityYear="1266" box="[189,513,1634,1661]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,513,1634,1661]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Parahyparrhenia siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-11-12" collectionCode="J, B" country="Laos" location="20 km WSW of Muang Phalan" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Savannakhet">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[533,610,1634,1660]" name="Laos" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">LAOS</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FD8FD34C2AB2F9F6" box="[626,1001,1634,1661]" country="Laos" name="20 km WSW of Muang Phalan" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Savannakhet">
|
||||
<quantity box="[626,702,1634,1660]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||||
WSW of Muang Phalan
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[1018,1276,1634,1660]" country="Laos" name="Savannakhet" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Savannakhet Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1995-11-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1995-11-12">12 November 1995</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[209,249,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[209,225,1671,1696]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[229,249,1671,1696]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis box="[249,253,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation box="[262,459,1670,1696]" collectionCode="L" country="Laos" location="Hacker" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[262,344,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FEFBD3A82803F92A" box="[262,344,1670,1696]" country="Laos" name="Hacker" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Hacker</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
1266 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[429,450,1670,1696]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation box="[472,1144,1670,1697]" collectingDate="1927-12-28" collectionCode="A, F, G" country="Thailand" elevation="2" location="Alt." municipality="Satul" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[472,620,1670,1696]" name="Thailand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality box="[633,693,1670,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Satul</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity box="[707,774,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1.5">
|
||||
<elevation box="[707,774,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FCF3D3A82A60F92A" box="[782,827,1670,1696]" country="Thailand" municipality="Satul" name="Alt." pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Alt.</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date box="[841,1063,1670,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1927-12-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[841,1063,1670,1696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="1927-12-28">28 December 1927</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1076,1144,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1076,1096,1671,1697]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1100,1120,1671,1697]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1123,1144,1671,1697]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1145,1149,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectionCode="K" country="Thailand" location="Kerr" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="K000290019" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1158,1211,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FB7BD3A92DE0F92A" box="[1158,1211,1671,1696]" country="Thailand" name="Kerr" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Kerr</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
13715 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1310,1335,1670,1696]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [Barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[136,285,1706,1733]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K000290019</specimenCode>
|
||||
]
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[299,402,1706,1733]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="11.[136,1452,914,1841]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Veldkamp" authorityYear="2003" box="[189,515,1742,1769]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laegaardii">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,515,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Parahyparrhenia laegaardii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-10-27" collectionCode="S, M, P, L, K" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" elevation="150" location="Krong Chiam Ubon" municipality="Khoomrathok" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="L0281327, K000688882" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[531,679,1742,1768]" name="Thailand" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<locationDeviation box="[692,825,1742,1768]" location="South" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<quantity box="[692,751,1742,1768]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||||
South
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
of dam
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FC61D3E12D24F962" box="[924,1151,1742,1769]" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" municipality="Khoomrathok" name="Krong Chiam Ubon" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Krong Chiam Ubon</location>
|
||||
rachathani,
|
||||
<quantity box="[1293,1357,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="150.0">
|
||||
<elevation box="[1293,1357,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="150.0">150m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FAA9D3E02CD9F962" box="[1364,1410,1742,1768]" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" municipality="Khoomrathok" name="Alt." pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Alt.</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="2001-10-27">
|
||||
<collectingDate pageId="11" pageNumber="258" value="2001-10-27">27 October 2001</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[304,441,1778,1805]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[304,321,1779,1805]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FEB0D3DC28E2F886" box="[333,441,1778,1804]" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" municipality="Khoomrathok" name="Laegaard" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Laegaard</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[455,1089,1778,1805]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[455,482,1779,1804]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FE10D3DD2B35F886" box="[493,622,1779,1804]" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" municipality="Khoomrathok" name="Norsangsri" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Norsangsri</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F61A900FF75D6402D4AF8BB:542882C05F61A900FD84D3DD2A04F886" box="[633,863,1779,1804]" country="Thailand" county="Barcode" municipality="Khoomrathok" name="Pornpongrungrueng" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Pornpongrungrueng</location>
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[871,890,1779,1804]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality box="[906,1060,1778,1804]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Khoomrathok</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1068,1085,1779,1805]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
21836 (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1183,1205,1778,1804]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [
|
||||
<collectingCounty box="[1223,1319,1778,1804]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">Barcode</collectingCounty>
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[1327,1445,1778,1805]" collectionCode="L" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">L0281327</specimenCode>
|
||||
]
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[136,238,1814,1840]" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[249,275,1814,1840]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
! [Barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[395,544,1814,1841]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="11" pageNumber="258" type="Herbarium">K000688882</specimenCode>
|
||||
] isotype;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[653,694,1814,1840]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="258">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
! [Barcode 04101779] isotype).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
345
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A.xml
Normal file
345
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
|
|||
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<mods:roleTerm id="B17D46CBD0CEE20D1AC085530F1C681A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="6FD57D8D9585EA97D17B6949761279DE">Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="129BE3F10F28932DB9BB8010ABE7C01F">The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="8054A6265606BB432E96499969141669" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="7C1CD603E565A46152C6CCB1948DA2E4">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="F69988795A5CBD97D61E82F6E04ADFD9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3103D2867E127B5E0850D1A6758174F3">Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="83546F9369178A61D82A5CAD49946B4D">St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F4CE7C4BB60B4EBF60B3F6BD20CEDE8C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="BC6A3A47A9BB6CC5AFBCCE59F87F8C9F" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="2CF04232EF760B3F83CEBD208E078CDD">
|
||||
<mods:title id="86A7E334083B9ACBD9A54BC5FCDD069A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="A6FEAFBFD3FF30E04377126BF9BBF673">
|
||||
<mods:date id="94956126AC38F0632ED29A700558F0E2">2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="74774C7F5F5A8D096FD6CBCD0D7257DD" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="8B7E9CC9FD04B1DCA2F73D96570FA891">2022-03-29</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8D2F674BCB03F69938A97645392A5D7E" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="9F8478AFEB671ACF489D45D7233A6083">541</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="29676A51344D70E79C61E8ECA7542F9B" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="B7EC28AC7A2ABE7FBB9B916CC3C5A661">3</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="047D950015A85AC3262E465E7461D59A" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="6C835583BE67FEAD52F1C9F9A7FF7155">247</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="F94B38BEEC388E5B7BE55A2612C5256F">260</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="6D29C9EBD09C1DDBBAFCACE4FA438F76">
|
||||
<mods:url id="A91FD574A2A497237CD67F510487B449">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="2483A5E4677DB20FD9236B5147A586EB">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="1E67B2EF9A3362A7F2787D0753557D68" type="CLB-Dataset">20060</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="A6CF556115937CFB19D12EA4B2AC3FBE" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="9BEAD4166B2411571405063C7015342E" type="GBIF-Dataset">043aaccd-6ce1-43e4-ac21-9154f1710125</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3DDAC74B629BEEA589E70EA17A010B64" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="09BF60F2B553CC3F5DF0C97A6301765D" type="Zenodo-Dep">6392620</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6401750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194314555" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6401750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F62A903FF75D3A82A37F92B" box="[136,876,1670,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF75D3A82A37F92B" blockId="8.[136,876,1670,1697]" box="[136,876,1670,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<heading id="0A0063775F62A903FF75D3A82A37F92B" box="[136,876,1670,1697]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" reason="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF75D3A829C6F92A" bold="true" box="[136,157,1670,1696]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FF59D3A82A33F92B" ID-CoL="9V576" authority="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe (2020: 56)" authorityName="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="2020" box="[164,872,1670,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khannae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF59D3A8288CF92B" bold="true" box="[164,471,1670,1697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Parahyparrhenia khannae</emphasis>
|
||||
A. P.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FDE6D3A82A33F92B" author="Tiwari, A. P. & Chorghe, A. R. & Landge, S. N. & Shaikh, M." box="[539,872,1670,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref9959" refString="Tiwari, A. P., Chorghe, A. R., Landge, S. N. & Shaikh, M. (2020) A new species of Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from India. Phytotaxa 446 (1): 55 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 446.1.7" type="journal article" year="2020">Tiwari & Chorghe (2020: 56)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F62A902FF75D3E0285AF82C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF75D3E02C13F886" blockId="8.[136,1452,1742,2093]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF75D3E02998F962" bold="true" box="[136,195,1742,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F62A903FF19D3E02B83F887" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196309" collectingDate="2015-10-08" collectionCode="A, P" country="India" county="Ratlam district" latitude="23.430208" location="Sailana Bird Sanctuary" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="74.91235" municipality="Sailana Tahsil" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FF19D3E02863F962" box="[228,312,1742,1768]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F62A903FEB3D3E02B4CF962" box="[334,535,1742,1768]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B829AC975F62A903FDD6D3E02B85F962" box="[555,734,1742,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Ratlam district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F62A903FD0ED3E02AC6F962" box="[755,925,1742,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Sailana Tahsil</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FC4FD3E02D93F962" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F62A903FC4FD3E02D93F962" box="[946,1224,1742,1768]" country="India" county="Ratlam district" latitude="23.430208" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="74.91235" municipality="Sailana Tahsil" name="Sailana Bird Sanctuary" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Sailana Bird Sanctuary</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FB1CD3E02CF8F963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F62A903FB1CD3E02CF8F963" box="[1249,1443,1742,1769]" country="India" county="Ratlam district" latitude="23.430208" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="74.91235" municipality="Sailana Tahsil" name="Shikarwadi area" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Shikarwadi area</location>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F62A903FF75D3DC286FF887" box="[136,308,1778,1805]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="48.75" value="23.430208">23°25’48.75”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F62A903FEC6D3DC28BCF887" box="[315,487,1778,1805]" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="44.48" value="74.91235">74°54’44.48”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F62A903FE0FD3DC2BF8F887" box="[498,675,1778,1805]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2015-10-08">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F62A903FE0FD3DC2BF8F887" box="[498,675,1778,1805]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2015-10-08">8 October 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FD53D3DD2B83F887" box="[686,728,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FD53D3DD2B9AF887" box="[686,705,1779,1805]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FD38D3DD2B83F887" box="[709,728,1779,1805]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FD25D3DD2B87F887" box="[728,732,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F62A903FD1FD3DD2C13F886" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196307" box="[738,1352,1778,1805]" collectionCode="BSA, BLAT" country="India" location="Tiwari" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FD1FD3DD2A70F886" box="[738,811,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FD1FD3DD2A70F886" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F62A903FD1FD3DD2A70F886" box="[738,811,1779,1804]" country="India" name="Tiwari" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Tiwari</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
75590 (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FC7AD3DC2AAAF886" box="[903,1009,1778,1804]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FC05D3DC2D6CF886" box="[1016,1079,1778,1804]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" name="Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BSA</collectionCode>
|
||||
!; isotypes
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FB54D3DC2DAEF886" box="[1193,1269,1778,1804]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BLAT</collectionCode>
|
||||
!
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FB02D3DC2C67F886" box="[1279,1340,1778,1804]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" name="Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BSA</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A902FF40D2382BA3FD3B" blockId="8.[136,1452,1742,2093]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1452,158,689]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
Annual, caespitose,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F62A903FE5ED2382B4FF8BB" box="[419,532,1814,1841]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high with shallow root system. Culms very slender, terete, glabrous, purplish at nodes, geniculately ascending; nodes glabrous, darkened. Leaf blades filiform, flat (when young) to involute later, 2.5–6.0 × 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F62A903FECED27028D7F8F3" box="[307,396,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, glabrous or slightly puberulous above, granulate beneath, margins smooth, sometime with sparse hairs; sheath terete, glabrous, 2.0–3.0 cm long; ligule membranous, lacerated at the apex with ciliae, 0.8–1.0 mm long.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FEFFD28828FBF84A" bold="true" box="[258,416,1958,1984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||||
a solitary terminal raceme, often in the fascicles of 2–3 pedunculate units, very slender,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F62A903FF75D2E4285CF86F" box="[136,263,1994,2021]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, subtended by a spatheole, bearing 4–8 fertile spikelets on each; spatheole linear, 3.0–6.0 cm long, herbaceous, glaucous when young, straw coloured when older; rachis flattened, 1.5–2.0 mm long, ciliate on margins (except towards the apex), oblique at tip.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FDA5DD3C2A31F7A6" bold="true" box="[600,874,2066,2092]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Homogamous spikelets</emphasis>
|
||||
1–2 at the base of a raceme, either barren (almost a scale like appendage) or staminate.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FDEED5B02B98FF32" bold="true" box="[531,707,158,184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Sessile spikelet</emphasis>
|
||||
4.0–6.0 mm long (incl. callus), very narrow, linear-oblong, awned, falling entire; callus very pungent, protruded, 1.0–2.0 mm long, brownish, vernicose, attached obliquely, bearded with white hairs:
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FEB2D5C828B9FE8A" bold="true" box="[335,482,230,256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">lower glume</emphasis>
|
||||
4.0–5.0 mm long, coriaceous, linear-oblong, with a deep median longitudinal groove on the dorsal surface, obscurely 6-nerved, margins inflexed, scaberulous on dorsal surface in upper half, 2-keeled, bidentate at apex (due to rupturing of a hyaline membrane), darkened on maturity;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FBEDD4002DFCFEC2" bold="true" box="[1040,1191,302,328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">upper glume</emphasis>
|
||||
4.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FB1DD4002C6EFEC3" box="[1248,1333,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, subcoriaceous, narrowly oblong-lanceolate, glabrous on dorsal surface, obscurely 3-nerved, muticous at apex, margins inflexed, ciliolate in the upper half;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FDD9D4582B9BFE1A" bold="true" box="[548,704,374,400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">lower lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
2.5–3.0 mm long, epaleate, membranous, elliptic-oblong, dentate and ciliolate apex;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FE9CD4B42B59FE3E" bold="true" box="[353,514,410,436]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">upper lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
reduced to a hyaline base of geniculate awn, linear, 3.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FB73D4B42DBEFE3F" box="[1166,1253,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, bifid at the apex;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF30D4902824FE52" bold="true" box="[205,383,446,472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">awn geniculate</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FE75D4902B5DFE53" box="[392,518,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="cm" value="5.4" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6.3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, with a long hispidulous cork-screwed column with long hairs;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FAE9D4902C0FFE52" bold="true" box="[1300,1364,446,472]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">palea</emphasis>
|
||||
absent;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF75D4CC29ABFE76" bold="true" box="[136,240,482,508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">lodicules</emphasis>
|
||||
two;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FED3D4CC28D5FE76" bold="true" box="[302,398,482,508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">stamens</emphasis>
|
||||
3, anthers
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FDF8D4CC2BD0FE77" box="[517,651,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FD32D4CC2A1CFE76" bold="true" box="[719,839,482,508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Caryopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
3.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FC83D4CC2A89FE77" box="[894,978,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, purplish, narrowly oblong, glabrous, with a deep median groove on the dorsal surface.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FD4CD7282AD6FDAA" bold="true" box="[689,909,518,544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Pedicelled spikelet</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FC6ED7282D41FDAB" box="[915,1050,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, glabrous; pedicel 1.5–2.0 mm long, ciliate on margins;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FE58D70428B2FDCE" bold="true" box="[421,489,554,580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">callus</emphasis>
|
||||
oblong, 0.5–1.0 mm long, acute and straight at the apex, glabrous, with depressions on the ventral side;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FE98D76028ACFDE2" bold="true" box="[357,503,590,616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">lower glume</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FE03D7602BDEFDE3" box="[510,645,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, sub-coriaceous, linear-lanceolate, 7-nerved, bi-dentate at the apex (sometimes almost bi-mucronate at the apex), scaberulous on margins;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FC5AD75C2D65FD06" bold="true" box="[935,1086,626,652]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">upper glume</emphasis>
|
||||
5.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FB85D75C2D96FD07" box="[1144,1229,626,653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, membranous, linear-lanceolate, ciliate on margins, acuminate at apex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="058884935F63A902FF75D3BD2876F89C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392638/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" startId="9.[136,229,1683,1705]" targetBox="[340,1247,713,1659]" targetPageId="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F63A902FF75D3BD2876F89C" blockId="9.[136,1452,1683,1814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF75D3BD29A2F923" bold="true" box="[136,249,1683,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FEFAD3BD2A24F923" bold="true" box="[263,895,1683,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">
|
||||
Habit and parts of the spikelets of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F63A902FD88D3BD2A24F923" authorityName="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,895,1683,1705]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khannae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FD88D3BD2A24F923" bold="true" box="[629,895,1683,1705]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Parahyparrhenia khannae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FC70D3BA2AC5F923" bold="true" box="[909,926,1684,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. Habit.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FC12D3BA2AA4F923" bold="true" box="[1007,1023,1684,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Spiciform-raceme.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FB35D3BD2D82F923" bold="true" box="[1224,1241,1683,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">C</emphasis>
|
||||
. Ligule.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FAC9D3BA2C1EF923" bold="true" box="[1332,1349,1684,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">D</emphasis>
|
||||
. A pair of heterogamous spikelets.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FE8BD39628DDF947" bold="true" box="[374,390,1720,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">E</emphasis>
|
||||
. Pedicel with oblique apex.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FD65D3962BFCF947" bold="true" box="[664,679,1720,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">F</emphasis>
|
||||
. Upper lemma of the sessile spikelet.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FBE5D3992D70F947" bold="true" box="[1048,1067,1719,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">G</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower glume of the sessile spikelet.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FA6ED3962CFDF947" bold="true" box="[1427,1446,1720,1741]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">H</emphasis>
|
||||
. Pistil.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF3AD3F2298BF97B" bold="true" box="[199,208,1756,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">I</emphasis>
|
||||
. Stamens.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FEC0D3F22812F97B" bold="true" box="[317,329,1756,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">J</emphasis>
|
||||
. Pedicelled spikelet without a pedicel.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FD37D3F22B86F97B" bold="true" box="[714,733,1756,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">K</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower glume of the pedicelled spikelet.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FB8AD3F22DDCF97B" bold="true" box="[1143,1159,1756,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">L</emphasis>
|
||||
. Caryopsis. (Photography by: Mujaffar Shaikh)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F63A902FF40D26A285AF82C" blockId="9.[136,1452,1860,2067]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF40D26A2886F8D4" bold="true" box="[189,477,1860,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Flowering and fruiting</emphasis>
|
||||
:—Flowering and fruiting was observed from September to October. In personal communication with Dr. Mujaffar Shaikh, it was known that the species begins flowering from July and lasts till December.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F63A901FF40D29E283CFC5A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F63A901FF40D29E2B1BFF56" blockId="9.[136,1452,1860,2067]" lastBlockId="10.[136,1452,158,976]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="257" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F63A902FF40D29E2814F840" bold="true" box="[189,335,1968,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F63A902FE8CD29E2B6DF840" box="[369,566,1968,1994]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
: Burhanpur, Ratlam and Jhabua districts;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F63A902FBEAD29E2D2BF840" box="[1047,1136,1968,1994]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
: Rajkot district, Saurashtra, Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F63A902FEF7D2FA281CF864" box="[266,327,2004,2030]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. According to one of the collectors, Dr. Mujaffar Shaikh, this species is seen in a considerable abundance in open grassland in
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F63A902FE01D2D72B63F798" box="[508,568,2040,2067]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="256" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="A68279535F63A902FDC5D2D62B1BF78C" attach="left" box="[568,576,2040,2054]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">2</superScript>
|
||||
of area in Asiragarh forest range, Burhanpur district of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F63A902FB36D2D62CD6F798" box="[1227,1421,2040,2066]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="256">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. A species occurring in such profusion yet remained to be un-described for centuries is fascinating. The species so far appears to be endemic to Central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F60A901FE02D5EC2B67FF56" box="[511,572,194,220]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F60A901FF40D5C82C13FD3B" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FF40D5C8285BFE8A" bold="true" box="[189,256,230,256]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Notes</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F60A901FED9D5C82B16FE8A" authorityName="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe" authorityYear="2020" box="[292,589,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khannae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FED9D5C82B16FE8A" box="[292,589,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Parahyparrhenia khannae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a very slender grass with an ascending habit (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9CCC89E5F60A901FB8AD5C82DE1FE8A" box="[1143,1210,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[136,229,2046,2068]" captionTargetBox="[302,1285,314,2018]" captionTargetId="figure-53@7.[302,1285,314,2018]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habit of Parahyparrhenia khannae. (Based on A.P. Tiwari 75590: holotype)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392632/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and has the shortest stature (ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F60A901FEF4D4242816FEAF" box="[265,333,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high) and smallest anther size (i.e.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F60A901FD2AD4242A06FEAF" box="[727,861,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long) known in the genus. The racemes are terminal, solitary in 2–3 pedunculate fascicles, extremely narrow with considerably long awns i.e. ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F60A901FB5ED4002DABFEC3" box="[1187,1264,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" unit="cm" value="6.3">6.3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, giving the plant a peculiar appearance at a glance. The obliquely pungent and protruded callus in this species is a very prominent feature which is capable of driving into the finger, if pressed against it. When mature, the lower glume of the sessile spikelet becomes highly coriaceous, darkened and tough, enclosing the caryopsis very tightly. As the lower glume of the sessile spikelet is longitudinally grooved on its dorsal side, it bears a prominent ridge on its ventral surface, which is the cause of the longitudinal depression on the matured caryopsis (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9CCC89E5F60A901FC26D4CC2D44FE76" box="[987,1055,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1683,1705]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,713,1659]" captionTargetId="figure-254@9.[340,1247,713,1659]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habit and parts of the spikelets of Parahyparrhenia khannae. A. Habit. B. Spiciform-raceme. C. Ligule. D. A pair of heterogamous spikelets. E. Pedicel with oblique apex. F. Upper lemma of the sessile spikelet. G. Lower glume of the sessile spikelet.H. Pistil. I. Stamens. J. Pedicelled spikelet without a pedicel. K. Lower glume of the pedicelled spikelet. L. Caryopsis. (Photography by: Mujaffar Shaikh)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392638/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
, L). The mature hardened spikelets of this species render the task of manually removing the caryopsis, without completely destroying the glume, very formidable. The leaf blades are granulated on their abaxial surface/under-surface; one of the distinguishing features of this species. The raceme and spikelets are much narrower as compared to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F60A901FC2FD7612D2AFDE2" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[978,1137,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FC2FD7612D2AFDE2" box="[978,1137,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">P. bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In both the Indian species, lobes of the upper lemma of the sessile spikelet can be best seen during anthesis; later, at maturity, the lobes tend to disintegrate making the lemma appear absolutely entire or undivided like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F60A901FC3FD7B92C18FD3B" authority="Persoon (1807: 533)" authorityName="Persoon" authorityPageNumber="533" authorityYear="1807" box="[962,1347,662,689]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FC3FD7B92D0EFD3A" box="[962,1109,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Heteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F60A901FBA1D7B92C18FD3B" author="Persoon, C. H." box="[1116,1347,662,689]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" refId="ref9630" refString="Persoon, C. H. (1807) Synopsis plantarum: seu enchiridium botanicum, complectens enumerationem systematicam specierum hucusque cognitarum. Pars II. Apud Bibliopolas, Treuttel et Wurtz, Parisiis Lutetiorum, 533 pp." type="book" year="1807">Persoon (1807: 533)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F60A901FF40D7942DF1FD72" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
So far, this species is known from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F60A901FDC3D7942AD8FD5E" box="[574,899,698,724]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
states. Based on its habitats specificity, it may be predicted that it is likely to occur in dry grasslands of Northern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F60A901FCADD7F02DFDFD72" box="[848,1190,734,760]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F60A901FF40D62C2B4EFCEE" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FF40D62C2B63FC96" bold="true" box="[189,568,770,796]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
Specimens examined (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F60A901FE3FD62C2B6AFC96" box="[450,561,770,796]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F60A901FDA7D62C2B96FCCB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196302" collectingDate="2015-10-10" collectionCode="A, P" country="India" county="Jhabua district" latitude="23.930208" location="Salunea" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="74.8" municipality="Petlawad" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F60A901FDA7D62C2BF4FC96" box="[602,687,770,796]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F60A901FD44D62C2A2DFC96" box="[697,886,770,796]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B829AC975F60A901FC82D62C2D7FFC96" box="[895,1060,770,796]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Jhabua district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F60A901FBD0D62C2DCCFC96" box="[1069,1175,770,796]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Petlawad</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F60A901FB5CD62C2DA1FC96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F60A901FB5CD62C2DA1FC96" box="[1185,1274,770,796]" country="India" county="Jhabua district" latitude="23.930208" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="74.8" municipality="Petlawad" name="Salunea" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Salunea</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F60A901FAFAD62C2CF8FC97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F60A901FAFAD62C2CF8FC97" box="[1287,1443,770,797]" country="India" county="Jhabua district" latitude="23.930208" longLatPrecision="14" longitude="74.8" municipality="Petlawad" name="Kharmor area" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Kharmor area</location>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F60A901FF75D6082868FCCB" box="[136,307,806,833]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" precision="1" seconds="48.75" value="23.930208">23°55’48.75”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F60A901FEB9D6082890FCCA" box="[324,459,806,832]" degrees="74" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" precision="15" seconds="0" value="74.8">74° 48’ 0”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F60A901FE2AD6082BC3FCCB" box="[471,664,806,833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2015-10-10">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F60A901FE2AD6082BC3FCCB" box="[471,664,806,833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2015-10-10">10 October 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FD5ED6092B96FCCB" box="[675,717,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F60A901FD5ED6092BEDFCCB" box="[675,694,807,833]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F60A901FD47D6092B96FCCB" box="[698,717,807,833]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FD30D6092B8AFCCB" box="[717,721,807,833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F60A901FD25D6092A97FCCA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196311" box="[728,972,806,833]" collectionCode="BSA" country="India" location="Tiwari" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FD25D6092A7AFCCA" box="[728,801,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F60A901FD25D6092A7AFCCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F60A901FD25D6092A7AFCCA" box="[728,801,807,832]" country="India" name="Tiwari" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Tiwari</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
75595 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F60A901FC82D6082AE4FCCA" box="[895,959,806,832]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12693" name="Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">BSA</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F60A901FC25D6082B4BFCEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196303" collectingDate="1977-10-10" collectionCode="BSI" country="India" location="Saurashtra University" municipality="Rajkot" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gujarat">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F60A901FC25D6082D74FCCA" box="[984,1071,806,832]" country="India" name="Gujarat" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Gujarat</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F60A901FBC7D6082DD3FCCA" box="[1082,1160,806,832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Rajkot</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F60A901FB69D6082CD3FCCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F60A901FB69D6082CD3FCCA" box="[1172,1416,806,832]" country="India" municipality="Rajkot" name="Saurashtra University" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Gujarat">Saurashtra University</location>
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F60A901FA72D608287FFCEE" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="1977-10-10">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F60A901FA72D608287FFCEE" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="1977-10-10">10 October 1977</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FED2D66428C7FCEE" box="[303,412,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Bharkava</emphasis>
|
||||
50 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F60A901FE32D6642B58FCEE" box="[463,515,842,868]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12698" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12698" name="Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">BSI</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F60A901FF40D640283CFC5A" blockId="10.[136,1452,158,976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FF40D6402B18FC02" bold="true" box="[189,579,878,904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F60A901FD98D6402838FC5A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196305" collectingDate="2021-09-11" collectionCode="BLAT" country="India" location="Asirgarh forest" municipality="Burhanpur district" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F60A901FD98D6402BE1FC02" box="[613,698,878,904]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F60A901FD37D6402AD4FC02" box="[714,911,878,904]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F60A901FC62D6402D2EFC02" box="[927,1141,878,904]" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Burhanpur district</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F60A901FB79D6402C69FC02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F62A901FF75D3A8283CFC5A:542882C05F60A901FB79D6402C69FC02" box="[1156,1330,878,904]" country="India" municipality="Burhanpur district" name="Asirgarh forest" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" stateProvince="Madhya Pradesh">Asirgarh forest</location>
|
||||
range,
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F60A901FA6DD6402819FC26" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2021-09-11">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F60A901FA6DD6402819FC26" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" value="2021-09-11">11 September 2021</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F60A901FEB1D6BC2B58FC26" box="[332,515,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="257">Shaikh Mujaffar</emphasis>
|
||||
SM-1, SM-2, SM-3, SM-4, SM-5, SM-6, SM-7, SM-8, SM-9, SM-10, SM-11, SM-12, SM-13 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F60A901FEF2D6982807FC5A" box="[271,348,950,976]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="10" pageNumber="257" type="Herbarium">BLAT</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
281
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71.xml
Normal file
281
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
|
|||
<document id="6D44C525B353A171E10E51D9DCD6E719" ID-CLB-Dataset="20060" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="043aaccd-6ce1-43e4-ac21-9154f1710125" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392620" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648536089805" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Landge, Shahid Nawaz & Shinde, Rajendra D." docDate="2022" docId="D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.541.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 541 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Parahyparrhenia A. Camus 1950" docType="key" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="25671D755F6AA90BFFFDD52E295BFF8A" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1699318671212" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="7E5CA6A6CA211A8319737F84E6D318DD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="B34CEAE85DF3E9B485310C9CEF5DB771">
|
||||
<mods:title id="04387FC0C146F037F7DAB566C58932DA">A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="0DC7899E4C1588ADF53C097F0CF9387D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6B967AE10DE02C48D51667A6445D5993">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F59F13953877F67B38A50A4575AF13AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="998612B8A1CDF4AC8A5B9C93021C713B">Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="042C62D61AACFC66CCE43E2EBE253253">The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="17C6DAD1781947C8A9407B93096440D2" type="personal">
|
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|
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<mods:roleTerm id="032C922103BC214E820DD926D91F45F1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="5C62E20B6482BE048BC3CA75EEC3358A">Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="4420CD4AFF583F1D53929BAB484B3CFE">St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
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|
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0959436BFD0CD755931EDD6B113C8D0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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|
||||
<mods:title id="882742CEA32A185D391F0C2FD712504E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="4EEA975E7E2637C020C2B9B94BF8B1B5">
|
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<mods:date id="8FCB10CC11CFDF324F83D5F855B43779">2022</mods:date>
|
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|
||||
<mods:number id="C1AF2A2851BAB18E91C0B8389A58E461">2022-03-29</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8098FC69B851002603CCABB051E7D197" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="A30CCFFEB64B960C955E9C21E8EC5E79">541</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:number id="0D3CEE1EE491CD351B3A121259902E0A">3</mods:number>
|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:url id="FA0D2DAADCE861CD2003A7AFBFC283D1">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="3168CD6463E0591AA5354863DFCA4305">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="9856E827A8C3A5D1CA5F767E85C97F18" type="CLB-Dataset">20060</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="5FF201455D4245197D6966C4B3BBBC05" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="0B3B6E0C4EAFD87BB7EF8D7D9852FED2" type="GBIF-Dataset">043aaccd-6ce1-43e4-ac21-9154f1710125</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="2AAF1497B2F1985DB5947A2B45C1965A" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="0B58928BF72508CB4A5AF42EAB7147E6" type="Zenodo-Dep">6392620</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6401804" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194314552" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6401804" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E650D5F68A908FF75D2B62CF0FB71" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF75D2B62B38F839" box="[136,611,1944,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF75D2B62B38F839" blockId="2.[136,611,1944,1971]" box="[136,611,1944,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<heading id="0A0063775F68A909FF75D2B62B38F839" bold="true" box="[136,611,1944,1971]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF75D2B62B38F839" bold="true" box="[136,611,1944,1971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
Key to genera allied to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FE61D2B62B38F839" ID-CoL="8W24V" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[412,611,1944,1971]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FE61D2B62B38F839" bold="true" box="[412,611,1944,1971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<key id="2566832A5F68A908FF75D2F32CF0FB71" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF75D2F32CF0F784" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="multiple">
|
||||
<footnote id="32ECC8155F68A909FF75D2F32CF0F784" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F68A909FF75D2F32CF0F784" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF75D2F32CF0F878" blockId="2.[136,1451,2012,2063]" box="[136,1451,2012,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F68A909FF75D2F32CF0F878" box="[136,1451,2012,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">1. Callus of sessile spikelet obtuse .........................................................................................................................................................2</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF75D2D72CF0F784" blockId="2.[136,1451,2012,2063]" box="[136,1451,2041,2063]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F68A909FF75D2D72CF0F784" box="[136,1451,2041,2063]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
1. Callus of sessile spikelet acute to pungent (if obtuse, then, in some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCA5D2D72A8FF784" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[856,980,2041,2062]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCA5D2D72A8FF784" box="[856,980,2041,2062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)...........................................................................8
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</footnote>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F69A908FF75D5B12CF0FB71" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="key">
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D5B12CF0FF5B" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D5B12CF0FF3E" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,159,181]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D5B12CF0FF3E" box="[136,1451,159,181]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">2. Sessile spikelet inserted within a cavity at apex of a rhachis internode; apex of internode dentate or not........................................3</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D5922CF0FF5B" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,188,210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D5922CF0FF5B" box="[136,1451,188,210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">2. Sessile spikelet not inserted within a cavity at apex of a rhachis internode; apex of internode never dentate ..................................7</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D5F72CF0FE81" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D5F72CF0FF64" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,217,239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D5F72CF0FF64" box="[136,1451,217,239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">3. Raceme solitary; pedicel and rhachis internode clavate or bucciniform............................................................................................4</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D5D82CF0FE81" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,245,267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D5D82CF0FE81" box="[136,1451,245,267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
3. Raceme bi-nate, rarely digitate; pedicel and rhachis internode stout (pyriform in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FC25D5DB2D9DFE80" ID-CoL="66Q26" box="[984,1222,245,266]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmanicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FC25D5DB2D9DFE80" box="[984,1222,245,266]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Andropogon burmanicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) ..................................6
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D43C2CF0FECF" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D43C2CF0FEAD" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D43C2CF0FEAD" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
4. Pedicel bucciniform; pedicelled spikelet much longer than their sessile counterparts; upper glume aristate ....................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAB5D43C2CF0FEAD" ID-CoL="8WF3G" box="[1352,1451,274,295]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Diectomis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAB5D43C2CF0FEAD" bold="true" box="[1352,1451,274,295]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Diectomis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D4012CF0FECF" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D4012CF0FECF" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">4. Pedicel clavate or linear-clavate; pedicelled spikelet slightly shorter or equal to their sessile counterparts .....................................5</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D4622CF0FE5F" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D4622CF0FE11" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D4622CF0FE11" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
5. Inflorescence a spiciform-raceme, variously disposed as: simple, compound, paniculate, globose, fastigiated, scanty or linear forms; racemes mostly subtended by a spatheole or an un-specialized sheath; delicate annual to moderately tough grasses ............ .....................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAEAD4AB2CF0FE11" ID-CoL="8W3DM" box="[1303,1451,389,411]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Schizachyrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAEAD4AB2CF0FE11" bold="true" box="[1303,1451,389,411]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Schizachyrium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D48C2CF0FE5F" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D48C2CF0FE5F" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
5. Inflorescence not various, composed of only a solitary, spiciform-raceme; raceme not subtended by a spatheole or a sheath; mostly tough grasses ...........................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FA9DD4912CF0FE5F" ID-CoL="8W3HQ" box="[1376,1451,447,469]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sehima" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FA9DD4912CF0FE5F" bold="true" box="[1376,1451,447,469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Sehima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D4F22CF0FDC2" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D4F22CF0FD84" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D4F22CF0FD84" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
6. Aromatic grasses; inflorescence dense, decompound panicle; raceme bi-nate, never digitate, deflexed at maturity, borne on flat, sub-equal raceme bases ..................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAD5D4D62CF0FD84" ID-CoL="8VWNJ" box="[1320,1451,504,526]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cymbopogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAD5D4D62CF0FD84" bold="true" box="[1320,1451,504,526]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Cymbopogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D73B2CF0FDC2" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D73B2CF0FDC2" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
6. Non-aromatic grasses; inflorescence not dense, decompound panicle; raceme bi-nate or digitate, not deflexed at all, borne on terete, un-equal raceme bases ..................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FB5DD71C2C47FDC2" ID-CoL="8VTTT" box="[1184,1308,562,584]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FB5DD71C2C47FDC2" bold="true" box="[1184,1308,562,584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Andropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAD7D71D2CF9FDC2" box="[1322,1442,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">sensu stricto</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D77E2CF0FD14" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D77E2CF0FDEF" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D77E2CF0FDEF" box="[136,1451,591,613]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
7. Pedicel and rhachis internode with a distinct translucent groove (resinous channel) ....................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAD5D7612CF0FDEF" ID-CoL="8VVPC" box="[1320,1451,591,613]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bothriochloa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAD5D7612CF0FDEF" bold="true" box="[1320,1451,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Bothriochloa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D7422CF0FD14" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D7422CF0FD14" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
7. Pedicel and rhachis internode without a translucent groove, if at all channeled then without a translucent membrane ..................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FADAD7A62CF0FD14" ID-CoL="8VWWH" box="[1319,1451,648,670]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Dichanthium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FADAD7A62CF0FD14" bold="true" box="[1319,1451,648,670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Dichanthium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D7882CF0FCA4" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D7882CF1FD7E" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D7882CF1FD7E" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
8. Callus of a pedicelled spikelet long and extended deceptively resembling the pedicel; pedicel very short almost reduced to a stump at the base; pedicelled spikelets over-lapping and subtending sessile spikelets; upper lemma of sessile spikelet entire .................... ........................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAD4D7F12CF1FD7E" ID-CoL="8VTCK" authorityName="Persoon" authorityYear="1807" box="[1321,1450,735,756]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAD4D7F12CF1FD7E" bold="true" box="[1321,1450,735,756]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Heteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D7D22CF0FCA4" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D7D22CF0FCA4" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">8. Callus of a pedicelled spikelet short never extended; pedicel always well developed; pedicelled spikelets not subtending sessile spikelets; upper lemma of sessile spikelet bi-lobed ...........................................................................................................................9</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D6182CF0FCED" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D6182CF0FCC1" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,821,843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D6182CF0FCC1" box="[136,1451,821,843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
9. Sessile spikelets inserted within the cavity of a cupuliform apex of a rhachis internode ...........................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAEAD61B2CF0FCC1" ID-CoL="8VWY6" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1922" box="[1303,1451,821,843]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Diheteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAEAD61B2CF0FCC1" bold="true" box="[1303,1451,821,843]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Diheteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D67C2CF0FCED" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,850,872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D67C2CF0FCED" box="[136,1451,850,872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">9. Sessile spikelets not inserted at the apex of a rhachis internode ......................................................................................................10</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D6412CF0FC51" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D6412CF0FC2B" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D6412CF0FC2B" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">10. Lower glume of the sessile spikelet convex or rarely slightly concave on the back or with two or more shallow striations but never a longitudinal groove; upper glume obtuse, acute, mucronate or aristate ........................................................................................11</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D6872CF0FC51" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D6872CF0FC51" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
10. Lower glume of the sessile spikelet with a characteristic longitudinally groove in the middle (see
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FB6DD6872CC6FC34" ID-CoL="4CX69" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1981" box="[1168,1437,937,958]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FB6DD6872CC6FC34" box="[1168,1437,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Parahyparrhenia tridentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); upper glume acute to aristate not mucronate....................................................................................................................................13
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D6CC2CF0FB9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D6CC2CF1FC72" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1450,994,1016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D6CC2CF1FC72" box="[136,1450,994,1016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
11. A pair of homogamous spikelets forming an involucre at the base of racemes ...................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAB0D6CC2CF1FC72" ID-CoL="8VXMS" authorityName="N.J.Andersson" authorityYear="1856" box="[1357,1450,994,1016]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Exotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAB0D6CC2CF1FC72" bold="true" box="[1357,1450,994,1016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Exotheca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D6D12CF0FB9E" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" box="[136,1451,1023,1045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D6D12CF0FB9E" box="[136,1451,1023,1045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">11. Homogamous spikelets present (rarely absent) but not forming an involucre at the base of racemes.............................................12</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D1322CF0FB02" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D1322CF0FBC4" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D1322CF0FBC4" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
12. Callus of pedicelled spikelet stipe-like; upper glume of sessile spikelet aristate (ex-aristate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FBADD1332D8EFBBB" box="[1104,1237,1052,1074]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Exotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="androphila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FBADD1332D8EFBBB" box="[1104,1237,1052,1074]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">E. androphila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); raceme not deflexed (deflexed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FEB1D1172B5EFBC4" box="[332,517,1081,1102]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Exotheca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="archaelymandra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FEB1D1172B5EFBC4" box="[332,517,1081,1102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">E. archaelymandra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).......................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAC1D1162CF0FBC4" ID-CoL="8VX9X" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1919" box="[1340,1451,1080,1102]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elymandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAC1D1162CF0FBC4" bold="true" box="[1340,1451,1080,1102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Elymandra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D1782CF0FB02" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D1782CF0FB02" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
12. Callus of pedicelled spikelet not stipe-like; upper glume of sessile spikelet ex-aristate; raceme deflexed at maturity (in few not deflexed at all) ................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAD6D15C2CF0FB02" ID-CoL="8VYFT" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[1323,1451,1138,1160]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAD6D15C2CF0FB02" bold="true" box="[1323,1451,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D1A12CF0FB71" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D1A12CF0FB4B" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D1A12CF0FB4B" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
13. Raceme-bases produced at the tip into a long scarious vestigial appendage; racemes (1–) 2 (–10) awned per pair ........................... ..........................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAC9D1852CF0FB4B" ID-CoL="94NBX" authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1896" box="[1332,1451,1195,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Hyperthalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAC9D1852CF0FB4B" bold="true" box="[1332,1451,1195,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Hyperthalia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D1E72CF0FB71" blockId="3.[136,1452,159,1275]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D1E72CF0FB71" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
13. Raceme-bases without any distinct appendage (see some forms of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FCACD1E72D62FB54" ID-CoL="4CX63" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Hack." box="[849,1081,1225,1246]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FCACD1E72D62FB54" box="[849,1081,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Parahyparrhenia annua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); racemes 4–14 awned per pair........... .................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FAFDD1CB2CF0FB71" ID-CoL="8W24V" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[1280,1451,1253,1275]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FAFDD1CB2CF0FB71" bold="true" box="[1280,1451,1253,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
193
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6.xml
Normal file
193
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="CD23E89834E43903AC437A04274BD273">
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<mods:title id="184EF470D34BDDB075FCAB4BB3B74CCC">A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E557314231A5010A0A0993480ABE263D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="568621623A84377FE0180C6A94279DF3">Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="633B652F44802EB1D7A8ED1C4C28A55D">The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="977CA6CA73EEF764421DB2E9DD7AE1A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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|
||||
<mods:namePart id="FAE3F63AD2CBCB5C6AB816205AF13DB3">Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2621E0AA13B39ED52FDA9F2AA16B11DC">St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="E38B1235613287CA5AEEF9FA8C107C51">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="D128673ACE98F564FA1F0882D84B7C42" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="9C9EC59F81B1B5F5081C1DDE934F3EAB">
|
||||
<mods:title id="A89A5612AAE06AA11601D64133E57795">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="7FA87E25647EA6135993E023F48431D3">
|
||||
<mods:date id="36CB7D5C1A9076F9E42E6071CDD3F68A">2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="2849F8936C1FCA1E310458A5861A4D14" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="3D7610448FC3E362AB959B14A6475AFC">2022-03-29</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="547FD797254127DD497C66E5C97CDB21" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="2D75234B063B96FBD4F8BA65A85BBA55">541</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="B018B0D8184F9B5A0FCBC7BE758166EF" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="4A2A97655B3A4FA6685EBD3D9CDE482A">3</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="9C45CD616DC6EED995413FAEBBE3E14F" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="A9804EED8CA1EA8A0D6B8A80B4AFDC05">247</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="44531A5D9E5E0D34FDDE26AE12B79434">260</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="8198C973384E21980F978EA49392C76B">
|
||||
<mods:url id="9087072FA7E3D3B80ADBE2A38AE5B8AF">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="75158350F4C4E2F72755064D04907113">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="C81C4DD47FE0486CA29D1D66FCA9C4A0" type="CLB-Dataset">20060</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="CF12B61F5C0DA76B090E62F8C0D86A4C" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="F369E29FBD0A39D47708C356931BC51A" type="GBIF-Dataset">043aaccd-6ce1-43e4-ac21-9154f1710125</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="DFB356FEE1EF6CAFFB0B76BEF223F39E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="4F2B884BB06D8D212B3B17877FAF5A7C" type="Zenodo-Dep">6392620</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392626" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194314551" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F69A908FF75D00D2BBBFAB7" box="[136,736,1314,1341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D00D2BBBFAB7" blockId="3.[136,736,1314,1341]" box="[136,736,1314,1341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<heading id="0A0063775F69A908FF75D00D2BBBFAB7" bold="true" box="[136,736,1314,1341]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FF75D00D2BBBFAB7" bold="true" box="[136,736,1314,1341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
Key to the species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FE7FD00C2B12FAB7" ID-CoL="8W24V" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[386,585,1314,1341]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FE7FD00C2B12FAB7" bold="true" box="[386,585,1314,1341]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the world
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F69A908FF75D04E2CF1F8F6" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="key">
|
||||
<key id="2566832A5F69A908FF75D04E2CF1F8F6" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D04E2CF0FA18" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D04E2CF0FAFF" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1451,1376,1398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D04E2CF0FAFF" box="[136,1451,1376,1398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">1. Upper glume of the sessile spikelet aristate; lower glume grooved, not convex on the back ............................................................2</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D0532CF0FA18" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1451,1404,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D0532CF0FA18" box="[136,1451,1404,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">1. Upper glume of the sessile spikelet ex-aristate; lower glume grooved or convex on the back..........................................................5</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D0B42CF1FA63" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D0B42CF0FA25" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1451,1433,1455]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D0B42CF0FA25" box="[136,1451,1433,1455]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">2. Homogamous spikelet present at the base of raceme; lower glume of sessile spikelet bidentate or entire .......................................3</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D0982CF1FA63" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D0982CF1FA63" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
2. Homogamous spikelet absent at the base of raceme; lower glume of sessile spikelet bimucronate.................................................... .....................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FBA5D0FD2D8BFA62" ID-CoL="4CX68" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[1112,1232,1491,1512]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FBA5D0FD2D8BFA62" bold="true" box="[1112,1232,1491,1512]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(endemic to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F69A908FAB0D0FD2CFFFA63" box="[1357,1444,1491,1513]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D0DE2CF0F9D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D0DE2CF1F9A9" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D0DE2CF1F9A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
3. Upper glume of the sessile spikelet bi-lobed, arista from sinus; lower floret entirely absent; lower glume of pedicelled spikelet longitudinally grooved; callus of pedicelled spikelet stipe-like, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FCAED3232AD1F9A8" box="[851,906,1549,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long .........................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FBA9D3232D8BF9A8" ID-CoL="4CX66" authorityName="Veldkamp" authorityYear="2003" box="[1108,1232,1548,1570]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laegaardii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FBA9D3232D8BF9A8" bold="true" box="[1108,1232,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. laegaardii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(endemic to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F69A908FAB0D3232CFFF9A9" box="[1357,1444,1549,1571]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D3042CF0F9D1" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D3042CF0F9D1" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
3. Upper glume of the sessile spikelet acute to aristate, not bi-lobed; lower floret epaleate, barren; lower glume of pedicelled spikelet never grooved; callus of pedicelled spikelet never stipe-like, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FCC0D3682ADDF9D6" box="[829,902,1606,1628]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long.................................................................................4
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D34D2CF1F939" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D34D2CF1F91C" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D34D2CF1F91C" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
4. Annual or ephemeral; awn of a fertile lemma robust,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FD2CD34D2A1FF9F3" box="[721,836,1635,1657]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="67.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="35.0">35–100 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long (an extremely variable taxon) ............................................. ...............................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FB6CD3AE2DB2F91F" ID-CoL="4CX63" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Hack." box="[1169,1257,1664,1685]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FB6CD3AE2DB2F91F" bold="true" box="[1169,1257,1664,1685]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. annua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(endemic to Africa)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D3B32CF1F939" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1450,1693,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D3B32CF1F939" box="[136,1450,1693,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
4. Perennial; awn of a fertile lemma not robust,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FD7BD3B32BB6F938" box="[646,749,1693,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27–30 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long .........................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FB81D3B32DB3F938" ID-CoL="4CX67" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" box="[1148,1256,1693,1714]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perennis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FB81D3B32DB3F938" bold="true" box="[1148,1256,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. perennis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(endemic to Africa)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D3972CF1F966" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D3972CF0F945" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1451,1721,1743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D3972CF0F945" box="[136,1451,1721,1743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">5. Lower glume of sessile spikelet with a longitudinal groove, apex entire or bi-dentate .....................................................................6</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D3F82CF1F966" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" box="[136,1450,1750,1772]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D3F82CF1F966" box="[136,1450,1750,1772]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
5. Lower glume of sessile spikelet dorsally convex not grooved, apex tridentate ..........................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FBA5D3F92D8BF966" ID-CoL="4CX69" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1981" box="[1112,1232,1750,1772]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FBA5D3F92D8BF966" bold="true" box="[1112,1232,1750,1772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. tridentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(endemic to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F69A908FAB0D3F82CFFF966" box="[1357,1444,1750,1772]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="EA03CCBE5F69A908FF75D3DD2CF1F8F6" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D3DD2CF1F8AC" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D3DD2CF1F8AC" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
6. Annual, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FEA1D3DD28CCF883" box="[348,407,1779,1801]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high; basal sheaths not bulged, glabrous; leaf blade short, granulate, 2.5–6.0 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FB69D3DD2C55F883" box="[1172,1294,1779,1801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="cm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.15 cm</quantity>
|
||||
; ligule lacerated membranous; anthers
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FE5AD23E2B41F8AF" box="[423,538,1808,1830]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long .....................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FC12D23E2D06F8AF" ID-CoL="9V576" authorityName="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe" authorityYear="2020" box="[1007,1117,1807,1829]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khannae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FC12D23E2D06F8AF" bold="true" box="[1007,1117,1807,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. khannae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(narrow endemic to Central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F69A908FA8CD23E2CFFF8AC" box="[1393,1444,1808,1830]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F69A908FF75D2032CF1F8F6" blockId="3.[136,1452,1376,1916]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
<keyLead id="EA06772E5F69A908FF75D2032CF1F8F6" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||||
6. Perennial, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FE8ED20228F4F8C8" box="[371,431,1836,1858]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high; basal sheaths bulged, dorsally strongly villous or bearded with appressed or spreading white hairs; leaf blades long, smooth not granulate, 5.0–45 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F69A908FD54D2642A4CF8D5" box="[681,791,1866,1887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="cm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.4 cm</quantity>
|
||||
; ligule biseriately ciliate; anthers 2.8–3.0 mm long ............................ .........................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F69A908FD0DD2492A22F8F6" ID-CoL="4CX64" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[752,889,1894,1916]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F69A908FD0DD2492A22F8F6" bold="true" box="[752,889,1894,1916]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">P. bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(narrow endemic to Gandikota
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F69A908FB56D2492C5AF8F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F69A908FF75D00D2CF1F8F6:542882C05F69A908FB56D2492C5AF8F6" box="[1195,1281,1894,1916]" name="Fort Hill" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Fort Hill</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F69A908FAF4D2482CFEF8F6" box="[1289,1445,1894,1916]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
198
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF.xml
Normal file
198
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Mumbai 400001.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2022-03-29</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>541</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>247</mods:start>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.541.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[136,600,1236,1263]" box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[136,596,1236,1263]" page=")" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1950">
|
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<taxonomicName authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[136,596,1236,1263]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,335,1236,1263]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
A.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[376,596,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,337,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[189,248,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[373,955,1272,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaegeriana">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[373,695,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia jaegeriana</emphasis>
|
||||
A.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[735,955,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,248,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1950-02-16" collectionCode="K" collectorName="de Kita" country="Serbia" location="West Africa" municipality="Massif de Kita" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" specimenCode="K000280143" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[281,355,1308,1334]" name="Serbia" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">MALI</collectingCountry>
|
||||
[French Soudan]. French
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA283BFCEF:542882C05F6BA90AFD76D0332A48FABC" box="[651,787,1308,1335]" country="Serbia" municipality="Massif de Kita" name="West Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">West Africa</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality box="[799,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
Massif
|
||||
<collectorName box="[883,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">de Kita</collectorName>
|
||||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">
|
||||
<collectingDate box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">16 February 1950</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1196,1272,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Jaeger</emphasis>
|
||||
17 (
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[1323,1423,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1431,1451,1309,1335]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[232,377,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image!], available athttp://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/
|
||||
<specimenCode box="[1113,1262,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
Annual or perennial, caespitose, erect or geniculately ascending herbs,
|
||||
<quantity box="[996,1122,1380,1407]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="90.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="20.0">20–160 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high; leaves 6.0–45×
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, glabrous or pubescent, glaucous or not, margin scabrous or smooth, blades drooping, reflexed or erecto-patent; ligule usually membranous rarely ciliate; Inflorescence racemes, usually binate, sometimes solitary or in scanty false spatheate panicles; raceme bases sub-equal to unequal, not deflexed, tip oblique without any distinct appendage (see
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Hack." box="[136,406,1524,1550]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[136,406,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia annua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); racemes 4–14-awned per pair; homogamous spikelets at the base of raceme well developed, 1.0–7.0 pairs, strictly staminate or barren, reduced to joints or vestigial scale or completely absent. Pedicel and rhachis internode sub-equal, ciliate on both the margins, tips oblique. Sessile spikelets linear, 5.0–
|
||||
<quantity box="[1130,1206,1596,1623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long: callus obliquely pungent 1.5–4.0 mm slightly outwardly protruded, bearded with white, rufous or purplish hairs; lower glume 3.0–12- nerved, sometimes almost inconspicuously nerved, with a median longitudinal on the back or rarely convex, glabrous, scabrous in the upper part or not distally pilose or glabrous, tip acuminate, acute, bidentate or tridentate; upper glume 1–7-nerved, more often aristate, less often exaristate, tip lobed or not; lower floret barren, reduced to a hyaline epaleate lemma or altogether absent; upper floret strictly hermaphrodite, with or without minute scale-like palea, sometimes conspicuous, hyaline lemma constituting a base of a principal geniculate awn; awn
|
||||
<quantity box="[1090,1229,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="20.0">20–100 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, issuing from sinus of a bi-lobed fertile lemma, hispidulous or puberulous; stamens 3, anthers 0.5–5.0 mm. Pedicelled spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 5.0–
|
||||
<quantity box="[317,394,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, shorter, sub-equal or longer than the sessile counterparts, variably staminate or barren, never hermaphrodite, aristate or muticous: callus oblong, short or long stipe-like, or completely absent, 0.5–2.0 mm long; lower glume with or without a longitudinal groove; lemma aristate or exaristate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
:—The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[480,674,1992,2018]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[480,674,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis box="[692,745,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">para</emphasis>
|
||||
=beside) was erected based on some of its unusual characters, as discussed below, close to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[455,599,2028,2054]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[455,599,2028,2054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[663,711,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species has been eponymised after the name of the
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[1292,1340,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
collector, Mr. Jaeger.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,245,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Note</emphasis>
|
||||
:—According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Camus, A. A." box="[442,607,158,185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[623,817,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[623,817,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
“differed from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[1004,1148,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1004,1148,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its geminated [bi-nate] pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] which are very rarely isolated [solitary] on top of the reed [culm] and do not usually occur in panicles, the spathe is reduced, sessile spikelets with cutting callus, a little oblique [sharp and pungent], very hairy, sericeous, there is a pair of similar spikelets [homogamous], very reduced, with awns, located at the base of the pseudo-spike [spiciform-raceme], sub-sessile. There are 4–5 pairs of spikelets per raceme. The sessile spikelets are very different in form to the pedicelled spikelets. The pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] are sub-contiguous, with the awns of the fertile spikelets tangling such as in genus ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Persoon" authorityYear="1807" box="[794,941,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[794,941,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Heteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’, giving the impression of making one single raceme, but the inferior homomorphic spikelets are less developed than the spikelets of other pairs, with awns short and not twisted.” (Translated in English from French script of the protologue by Mr. Carlos Enrique Sánchez Ocharan,
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[136,190,483,509]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, South America)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,335,518,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:—Native range of the genus is from West Tropical Africa to Sahara and
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1174,1247,518,544]" name="Sudan" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1387,1447,518,544]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Indo-China (
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[278,384,554,581]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); showing highly disjunct distributional pattern.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,724,590,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,440,590,616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Flowering & fruiting</emphasis>
|
||||
:—September to January.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,459,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Habitats & Ecology:—</emphasis>
|
||||
The genus is known to occupy a narrow distributional range in Africa,
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1236,1294,626,652]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1345,1448,626,652]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. It is fascinating to note that none of the species has an inter-continental distribution—they are only known from their native, specifically-confined and peculiar habitats. Acquisition of peculiar ecological niches such as: ephemeral pools during the rainy season on ironstone outcrops (in Africa); sloping sandstone with some water and seasonally flooded lands (in
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[244,349,770,797]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); in the crevices of quartzite (Quartz Arenite) rocks and open grassland (in
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1218,1280,770,797]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); making them difficult to locate outside of such specific geographical settings, thus making the genus extremely rare in occurrence and vulnerable too.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
362
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0.xml
Normal file
362
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="1399D18EB15F73A06DD043177E26362C">A taxonomic revision of the genus Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) in India and review of African and Thai species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E51AA3ECF0B5413EA2B18E440BE36948">Landge, Shahid Nawaz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="81B385627F079E22F79820908390BE6F">Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4B7B63A28EC69FDC145B9A437F114D5C">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392622" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194314550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<heading id="0A0063775F6BA90AFF75D1FA2B03FB64" box="[136,600,1236,1263]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="71E7F3355F6BA90AFF75D1FA2B03FB64" box="[136,600,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitation id="D056F20A5F6BA90AFF75D1FA2B0FFB64" author="Camus, A. A." box="[136,596,1236,1263]" page=")" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1950">
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<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6BA90AFF75D1FA2B0FFB64" ID-CoL="8W24V" authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[136,596,1236,1263]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFF75D1FA2814FB65" bold="true" box="[136,335,1236,1263]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
A.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F6BA90AFE85D1FA2B0FFB64" author="Camus, A. A." box="[376,596,1236,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6BA90AFF40D1D62AE4FA98" box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6BA90AFF40D1D62AE4FA98" blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" box="[189,959,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFF40D1D6280AFA98" bold="true" box="[189,337,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F6BA90AFF40D1D629A3FA98" box="[189,248,1272,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</typeStatus>
|
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species
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6BA90AFE88D1D62AE0FA98" ID-CoL="4CX65" authority="A. Camus (1950: 404)" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityPageNumber="404" authorityYear="1950" box="[373,955,1272,1299]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaegeriana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFE88D1D62BECFA98" box="[373,695,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia jaegeriana</emphasis>
|
||||
A.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F6BA90AFD22D1D62AE0FA98" author="Camus, A. A." box="[735,955,1272,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950: 404)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6BA90AFF40D0322DA9FAD0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6BA90AFF40D0322DA9FAD0" blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFF40D03229A3FABC" bold="true" box="[189,248,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F6BA90AFEE4D0322DA9FAD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196301" collectingDate="1950-02-16" collectionCode="K" collectorName="de Kita" country="Serbia" location="West Africa" municipality="Massif de Kita" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" specimenCode="K000280143" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6BA90AFEE4D0322838FABC" box="[281,355,1308,1334]" name="Serbia" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">MALI</collectingCountry>
|
||||
[French Soudan]. French
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F6BA90AFD76D0332A48FABC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6BA909FF75D1FA2A4BF8E0:542882C05F6BA90AFD76D0332A48FABC" box="[651,787,1308,1335]" country="Serbia" municipality="Massif de Kita" name="West Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">West Africa</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F6BA90AFCE2D0322A92FABC" box="[799,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
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Massif
|
||||
<collectorName id="FC02B1CD5F6BA90AFC8ED0322A92FABC" box="[883,969,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">de Kita</collectorName>
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</collectingMunicipality>
|
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,
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F6BA90AFC28D0322DFBFABD" box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">
|
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<collectingDate id="350D0B335F6BA90AFC28D0322DFBFABD" box="[981,1184,1308,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" value="1950-02-16">16 February 1950</collectingDate>
|
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</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFB51D0332DA3FABC" box="[1196,1272,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Jaeger</emphasis>
|
||||
17 (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F6BA90AFAD6D0322CD4FABC" box="[1323,1423,1308,1334]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F6BA90AFA6AD0332CF0FABD" box="[1431,1451,1309,1335]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
barcode
|
||||
<specimenCode id="01517C605F6BA90AFF15D06E2822FAD0" box="[232,377,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image!], available athttp://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/
|
||||
<specimenCode id="01517C605F6BA90AFBA4D06E2DB5FAD0" box="[1113,1262,1344,1370]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="Herbarium">K000280143</specimenCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6BA90AFF40D04A2D10F834" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6BA90AFF40D04A2D10F834" blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
Annual or perennial, caespitose, erect or geniculately ascending herbs,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6BA90AFC19D04A2D39FAF5" box="[996,1122,1380,1407]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="16.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="90.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="20.0">20–160 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high; leaves 6.0–45×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6BA90AFAAAD04A29F6FA29" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="cm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, glabrous or pubescent, glaucous or not, margin scabrous or smooth, blades drooping, reflexed or erecto-patent; ligule usually membranous rarely ciliate; Inflorescence racemes, usually binate, sometimes solitary or in scanty false spatheate panicles; raceme bases sub-equal to unequal, not deflexed, tip oblique without any distinct appendage (see
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6BA90AFF75D0DA28CDF984" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Hack." box="[136,406,1524,1550]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annua">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFF75D0DA28CDF984" box="[136,406,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia annua</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); racemes 4–14-awned per pair; homogamous spikelets at the base of raceme well developed, 1.0–7.0 pairs, strictly staminate or barren, reduced to joints or vestigial scale or completely absent. Pedicel and rhachis internode sub-equal, ciliate on both the margins, tips oblique. Sessile spikelets linear, 5.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6BA90AFB97D3122DEDF9DD" box="[1130,1206,1596,1623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long: callus obliquely pungent 1.5–4.0 mm slightly outwardly protruded, bearded with white, rufous or purplish hairs; lower glume 3.0–12- nerved, sometimes almost inconspicuously nerved, with a median longitudinal on the back or rarely convex, glabrous, scabrous in the upper part or not distally pilose or glabrous, tip acuminate, acute, bidentate or tridentate; upper glume 1–7-nerved, more often aristate, less often exaristate, tip lobed or not; lower floret barren, reduced to a hyaline epaleate lemma or altogether absent; upper floret strictly hermaphrodite, with or without minute scale-like palea, sometimes conspicuous, hyaline lemma constituting a base of a principal geniculate awn; awn
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6BA90AFBBFD23A2D96F8A5" box="[1090,1229,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="20.0">20–100 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, issuing from sinus of a bi-lobed fertile lemma, hispidulous or puberulous; stamens 3, anthers 0.5–5.0 mm. Pedicelled spikelets narrowly lanceolate, 5.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6BA90AFEC0D27228D1F8FD" box="[317,394,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, shorter, sub-equal or longer than the sessile counterparts, variably staminate or barren, never hermaphrodite, aristate or muticous: callus oblong, short or long stipe-like, or completely absent, 0.5–2.0 mm long; lower glume with or without a longitudinal groove; lemma aristate or exaristate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6BA90AFF40D2E6285FF7A1" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6BA90AFF40D2E6285FF7A1" blockId="1.[136,1452,1272,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFF40D2E62865F868" bold="true" box="[189,318,1992,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
:—The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6BA90AFE1DD2E62BF9F868" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[480,674,1992,2018]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFE1DD2E62BF9F868" box="[480,674,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFD49D2E72BB2F868" box="[692,745,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">para</emphasis>
|
||||
=beside) was erected based on some of its unusual characters, as discussed below, close to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6BA90AFE3AD2C22B0CF78C" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[455,599,2028,2054]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6BA90AFE3AD2C22B0CF78C" box="[455,599,2028,2054]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F6BA90AFD6AD2C32B9CF78D" box="[663,711,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species has been eponymised after the name of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F6BA90AFAF1D2C32C67F78D" box="[1292,1340,2029,2055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
collector, Mr. Jaeger.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF40D5B02821FE77" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D5B02821FE77" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF40D5B029AEFF32" bold="true" box="[189,245,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Note</emphasis>
|
||||
:—According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FE47D5B02B04FF33" author="Camus, A. A." box="[442,607,158,185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="404 - 405" refId="ref9203" refString="Camus, A. A. (1950) Parahyparrhenia, genre nouveau d'Andropogonees. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 22: 404 - 405." type="journal article" year="1950">Camus (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FD92D5B02A6AFF32" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[623,817,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FD92D5B02A6AFF32" box="[623,817,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
“differed from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC11D5B02D27FF32" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[1004,1148,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FC11D5B02D27FF32" box="[1004,1148,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its geminated [bi-nate] pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] which are very rarely isolated [solitary] on top of the reed [culm] and do not usually occur in panicles, the spathe is reduced, sessile spikelets with cutting callus, a little oblique [sharp and pungent], very hairy, sericeous, there is a pair of similar spikelets [homogamous], very reduced, with awns, located at the base of the pseudo-spike [spiciform-raceme], sub-sessile. There are 4–5 pairs of spikelets per raceme. The sessile spikelets are very different in form to the pedicelled spikelets. The pseudo-spikes [spiciform-raceme] are sub-contiguous, with the awns of the fertile spikelets tangling such as in genus ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCE7D4592AF6FE1A" authorityName="Persoon" authorityYear="1807" box="[794,941,375,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCE7D4592AF6FE1A" box="[794,941,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Heteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’, giving the impression of making one single raceme, but the inferior homomorphic spikelets are less developed than the spikelets of other pairs, with awns short and not twisted.” (Translated in English from French script of the protologue by Mr. Carlos Enrique Sánchez Ocharan,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FF75D4CD29E5FE77" box="[136,190,483,509]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, South America)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF40D7282AC1FDCF" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D7282AC1FDCF" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF40D7282814FDAA" bold="true" box="[189,335,518,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:—Native range of the genus is from West Tropical Africa to Sahara and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FB6BD7282D84FDAA" box="[1174,1247,518,544]" name="Sudan" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FA96D7282CFCFDAA" box="[1387,1447,518,544]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Indo-China (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FEEBD70428DBFDCF" box="[278,384,554,581]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); showing highly disjunct distributional pattern.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF40D760283BFCEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D7602B8FFDE3" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,724,590,617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF40D76028E3FDE2" bold="true" box="[189,440,590,616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Flowering & fruiting</emphasis>
|
||||
:—September to January.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D75C283BFCEF" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF40D75C2890FD06" bold="true" box="[189,459,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Habitats & Ecology:—</emphasis>
|
||||
The genus is known to occupy a narrow distributional range in Africa,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FB29D75C2C55FD06" box="[1236,1294,626,652]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FABCD75C2CF3FD06" box="[1345,1448,626,652]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. It is fascinating to note that none of the species has an inter-continental distribution—they are only known from their native, specifically-confined and peculiar habitats. Acquisition of peculiar ecological niches such as: ephemeral pools during the rainy season on ironstone outcrops (in Africa); sloping sandstone with some water and seasonally flooded lands (in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FF09D62C2806FC97" box="[244,349,770,797]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); in the crevices of quartzite (Quartz Arenite) rocks and open grassland (in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FB3FD62C2C5BFC97" box="[1218,1280,770,797]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); making them difficult to locate outside of such specific geographical settings, thus making the genus extremely rare in occurrence and vulnerable too.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F68A909FF75D6E22A4BF8E0" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF75D6E229A7FC6C" blockId="2.[136,252,972,998]" box="[136,252,972,998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
<heading id="0A0063775F68A909FF75D6E229A7FC6C" bold="true" box="[136,252,972,998]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF75D6E229A7FC6C" bold="true" box="[136,252,972,998]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Affinities</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF75D13A2B35FAF9" blockId="2.[136,1452,1044,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
On the three occasions the generic circumscription of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FD09D13A2AEDFBA4" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[756,950,1044,1070]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FD09D13A2AEDFBA4" box="[756,950,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was significantly inflated to receive certain anomalous features, that were earlier not part of the genus, i.e. the convex lower glume of sessile spikelet in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FA6AD11729ADFBFC" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1981" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridentata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FA6AD11729ADFBFC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. tridentata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; absence of the homogamous spikelets at the base of a raceme in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC22D1732D32FBFC" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[991,1129,1117,1142]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FC22D1732D32FBFC" box="[991,1129,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and a stipe-like callus at the base of a pedicellate spikelet in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FE0FD1AF2BD8FB10" authorityName="Veldkamp" authorityYear="2003" box="[498,643,1152,1178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laegaardii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FE0FD1AF2BD8FB10" box="[498,643,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. laegaardii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It is interesting to note that all of these species are from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F68A909FAF3D1AE2C2EFB10" box="[1294,1397,1152,1178]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. The above mentioned features are also seen in the marginal genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCA2D18A29F6FB69" authority="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier (1886: 67)" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCA2D18A2AB4FB34" box="[863,1007,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
Andersson ex Eugène
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FB05D18A29F6FB69" author="Fournier, E. P. N." pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9482" refString="Fournier, E. P. N. (1886) Mexicanas Plantas. Ex Typographeo Reipublicae, Paris 2: 67 pp." type="book" year="1886">Fournier (1886: 67)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FF16D1E62B19FB68" authority="Stapf (1919: 407)" authorityName="Stapf" authorityPageNumber="407" authorityYear="1919" box="[235,578,1224,1250]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elymandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF16D1E6283CFB68" box="[235,359,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Elymandra</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FE8FD1E62B19FB68" author="Stapf, O." box="[370,578,1224,1250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9853" refString="Stapf, O. (1919) Gramineae. In: Prain, D. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical Africa 9. London Reeve & Co., Kent, 407 pp." type="book" year="1919">Stapf (1919: 407)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FD0DD1E62AFBFB69" author="Clayton, W. D." box="[752,928,1224,1251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="433 - 449" refId="ref9230" refString="Clayton, W. D. (1966) Studies in the Gramineae: XII. Parahyparrenia, Hyperthelia, Exotheca. Kew Bulletin 20 (3): 433 - 449. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4108241" type="journal article" year="1966">Clayton (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, based on morphology,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FB44D1E62C20FB68" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[1209,1403,1224,1250]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FB44D1E62C20FB68" box="[1209,1403,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has affinities with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FECED1C228E2FA8C" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1966" box="[307,441,1260,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyperthelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FECED1C228E2FA8C" box="[307,441,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyperthelia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FE31D1C22A07FA8C" authority="Stapf (1922: 3093)" authorityName="Stapf" authorityPageNumber="3093" authorityYear="1922" box="[460,860,1260,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Diheteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FE31D1C22B2EFA8C" box="[460,629,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Diheteropogon</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FD82D1C22A07FA8C" author="Stapf, O." box="[639,860,1260,1286]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9889" refString="Stapf, O. (1922) Hooker's Icon Plantarum. Dulao & Co. LTD., London 31: 3093 pp." type="book" year="1922">Stapf (1922: 3093)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC67D1C22D4DFA8C" authorityName="Stapf" authorityYear="1919" box="[922,1046,1260,1286]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Elymandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FC67D1C22D4DFA8C" box="[922,1046,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Elymandra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Because all of these genera have homogamous pair(s) of spikelets present at the base of the raceme. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FBD7D03E2DB9FAA1" author="Clayton, W. D." box="[1066,1250,1296,1323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9273" refString="Clayton, W. D. (1969 a) Revision of the genus Hyparrhenia. Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London, 196 pp." type="book" year="1969">Clayton (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FAE6D03E298EFAC4" author="Arthan, W. & McKain, M. R. & Traiperm, P. & Welker, C. A. D. & Teisher, J. K. & Kellogg, E. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="418 - 431" refId="ref9090" refString="Arthan, W., McKain, M. R., Traiperm, P., Welker, C. A. D., Teisher, J. K., Kellogg, E. A. (2017) Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Southeast Asia. Systematic Botany 42 (3): 418 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364417 X 696023" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
Arthan
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FA8CD03F2CF7FAA0" box="[1393,1452,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FF1FD01A2829FAC4" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[226,370,1332,1358]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF1FD01A2829FAC4" box="[226,370,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also have a pair of homogamous spikelets at the base of raceme. Perhaps, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FB14D01A2CF0FAC4" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[1257,1451,1332,1358]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FB14D01A2CF0FAC4" box="[1257,1451,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
this feature was derived from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FE2AD0762B3CFAF8" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityYear="1886" box="[471,615,1368,1394]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FE2AD0762B3CFAF8" box="[471,615,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D0532D52F974" blockId="2.[136,1452,1044,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||||
In the recent phylogenomic study by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FD9BD0522A11FA1C" author="Arthan, W. & McKain, M. R. & Traiperm, P. & Welker, C. A. D. & Teisher, J. K. & Kellogg, E. A." box="[614,842,1404,1430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="418 - 431" refId="ref9090" refString="Arthan, W., McKain, M. R., Traiperm, P., Welker, C. A. D., Teisher, J. K., Kellogg, E. A. (2017) Phylogenomics of Andropogoneae (Panicoideae: Poaceae) of Southeast Asia. Systematic Botany 42 (3): 418 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364417 X 696023" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
Arthan
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FD40D0532BADFA1C" box="[701,758,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
which evaluated the systematic position of the genus within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FF25D08E28D5FA30" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1824" box="[216,398,1440,1466]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Andropogoneae">Andropogoneae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, found
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FE1BD08E2BA4FA30" box="[486,767,1440,1466]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmanicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FE1BD08E2BA4FA30" box="[486,767,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Andropogon burmanicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F68A909FCF4D08F2A68FA31" box="[777,819,1441,1467]" country="Serbia" name="Bor" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Bor</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(1960: 688),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC29D08E2C22FA31" authority="Kuntze (1891: 775)" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityPageNumber="775" authorityYear="1891" box="[980,1401,1440,1467]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eulalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FC29D08E2DD4FA30" box="[980,1167,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Eulalia contorta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FB65D08F2C22FA31" author="Kuntze, O." box="[1176,1401,1440,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9526" refString="Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisio Generum Plantarum. Vol. 2. Arthur Felix, Leipzig. 775 pp." type="book" year="1891">Kuntze (1891: 775)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FF75D0EA28E7FA54" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[136,444,1476,1502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FF75D0EA28E7FA54" box="[136,444,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
form a previously unidentified lineage in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC7ED0EA2D6DFA54" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1824" box="[899,1078,1476,1502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Andropogoneae">Andropogoneae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with inflorescence characters that appear convergent with those of well-established genera. In their discussion they state: based on overall morphological similarity (as described in, for example, Clayton 1972, Clayton & Renvoize 1986,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FBE7D3232C6BF9AC" author="Watson, L. & Dallwitz, M. J." box="[1050,1328,1548,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref10252" refString="Watson, L. & Dallwitz, M. J. (1992 onwards) The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 14 th December 2000 [online]. Available at: http: // biodiversity. uno. edu / delta / (accessed 28 March 2022)" type="url" year="1992">Watson & Dallwitz 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FAC7D3222998F9C0" author="Veldkamp, J. F." pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="495 - 501" refId="ref10218" refString="Veldkamp, J. F. (2003) Miscellaneous notes on Thai Gramineae. Blumea 48: 495 - 501. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 000651903 X 489474" type="journal article" year="2003">Veldkamp 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FF2CD31E28F0F9C1" author="Soreng, R. J. & Peterson, P. M. & Romaschenko, K. & Davidse, G. & Zuloaga, F. O. & Judziewicz, E. J. & Filgueiras, T. S. & Davis, J. I. & Morrone, O." box="[209,427,1584,1611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="117 - 137" refId="ref9752" refString="Soreng, R. J., Peterson, P. M., Romaschenko, K., Davidse, G., Zuloaga, F. O., Judziewicz, E. J., Filgueiras, T. S., Davis, J. I., Morrone, O. (2015) A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 53: 117 - 137. [https: // onlinelibrary. wiley. com / doi / 10.1111 / jse. 12150 / epdf]" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Soreng
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FED7D31F283DF9C0" box="[298,358,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), we had expected that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FD3DD31F2A17F9C0" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[704,844,1585,1610]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FD3DD31F2A17F9C0" box="[704,844,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
would be closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FB64D31E28AAF9E5" authority="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier (1886: 67)" authorityName="Andersson ex Eugene Fournier" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FB64D31E2C72F9C0" box="[1177,1321,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Hyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
Andersson ex Eugène
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FEF2D37A28AAF9E5" author="Fournier, E. P. N." box="[271,497,1620,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9482" refString="Fournier, E. P. N. (1886) Mexicanas Plantas. Ex Typographeo Reipublicae, Paris 2: 67 pp." type="book" year="1886">Fournier (1886: 67)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, instead
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FDABD37A2BA0F9E4" box="[598,763,1620,1646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmanicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FDABD37A2BA0F9E4" box="[598,763,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">A. burmanicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCC8D37B2AE4F9E4" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[821,959,1621,1646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCC8D37B2AE4F9E4" box="[821,959,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are in a clade with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FB59D37A2C05F9E4" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" box="[1188,1374,1620,1646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eulalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FB59D37A2C05F9E4" box="[1188,1374,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Eulalia contorta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that is entirely Southeast Asian, but sister to the widespread genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCD7D3562D84F918" authority="Palisot Beauvois (1812: 8)" authorityName="Palisot Beauvois" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="1812" box="[810,1247,1656,1682]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eriochrysis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCD7D3562AF0F918" box="[810,939,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Eriochrysis</emphasis>
|
||||
Palisot
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F68A909FBFBD3562D84F918" author="Beauvois, P." box="[1030,1247,1656,1682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref9167" refString="Beauvois, P. (1812) Essai d'une nouvelle Agrostographie; ou nouveaux genres des Graminees; avec figures representant les caracteres de tous les genres. Chez l'auteur, Paris, 8 pp." type="book" year="1812">Beauvois (1812: 8)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Perhaps, it is due to a lack of homogamous spikelet at the base of spiciform-raceme that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FC64D3B32D7AF93C" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1969" box="[921,1057,1693,1718]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FC64D3B32D7AF93C" box="[921,1057,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">P. siamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was in a clade with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FAFFD3B22CFFF93C" box="[1282,1444,1692,1718]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmanicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FAFFD3B22CFFF93C" box="[1282,1444,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">A. burmanicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, their study is based on a single species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F68A909FCBCD3EE2D58F950" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[833,1027,1728,1754]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F68A909FCBCD3EE2D58F950" box="[833,1027,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the other six species have yet not been assessed on molecular grounds; thus, monophyly of the genus is uncertain.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F68A909FF40D2272A4BF8E0" blockId="2.[136,1452,1044,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">By the inclusion of anomalous features of the three Thai species into the genus, its circumscription has become somewhat indistinct from allied genera, posing difficulties for generic identification. It seems that any further additions with exceptional features might question generic stability.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
507
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3.xml
Normal file
507
data/D9/5E/65/D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="9A4393600F9FA101F548DA0013BA656D">Shinde, Rajendra D.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="0A0063775F6EA90FFF75D5C82A66FE8A" box="[136,829,229,257]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" reason="4">
|
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<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D5C829C5FE8A" bold="true" box="[136,158,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">1.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6EA90FFF59D5CB2A66FE8A" ID-CoL="4CX64" authority="(Hack.) Clayton (1972: 448)" authorityName="Clayton" authorityPageNumber="448" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[164,829,229,257]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF59D5CB28ADFE8A" bold="true" box="[164,502,229,256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Parahyparrhenia bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hack.) Clayton (1972: 448)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6EA90FFF75D4002DD7FE76" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6EA90FFF75D4002DB9FE3F" blockId="4.[136,1452,301,2092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="71E7F3355F6EA90FFF75D4002DB9FE3F" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="D056F20A5F6EA90FFF75D4002BDEFEC2" author="Hackel, E." box="[136,645,302,329]" page=")" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" year="1885">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6EA90FFF75D4002BDEFEC2" ID-CoL="66PNC" authority="Hackel (1885: 123)" authorityName="Hackel" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1885" box="[136,645,302,329]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D40028C5FEC2" box="[136,414,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Andropogon bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F6EA90FFE5BD4002BDEFEC2" author="Hackel, E." box="[422,645,302,329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" pagination="1 - 647" refId="ref9506" refString="Hackel, E. (1885) Andropogoneae novae. Flora 68 (7): 1 - 647." type="journal article" year="1885">Hackel (1885: 123)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
. Type:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F6EA90FFD11D4002D85FE3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196308" collectionCode="K" country="India" location="Gooty Fort Hill" municipality="Anantpur" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" specimenCode="K000245933" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh State" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6EA90FFD11D4002A64FEC2" box="[748,831,302,328]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. [
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F6EA90FFCACD4002D14FEC2" box="[849,1103,301,328]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Andhra Pradesh State</collectingRegion>
|
||||
].
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F6EA90FFB9DD4002D91FEC2" box="[1120,1226,302,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Anantpur</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
district,
|
||||
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|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF3DD47C285AFEE6" box="[192,257,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F6EA90FFF3DD47C285AFEE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F6EA90FFF3DD47C285AFEE6" box="[192,257,338,364]" country="India" municipality="Anantpur" name="Wight" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh State">Wight</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2321 (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F6EA90FFEB1D47C28E5FEE6" box="[332,446,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F6EA90FFE39D47C2883FEE6" box="[452,472,338,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="01517C605F6EA90FFE18D47C2B27FEE7" box="[485,636,338,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">K000245933</specimenCode>
|
||||
, digital image!)[designated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F6EA90FFC2FD47C2D37FEE6" author="Tiwari, A. P." box="[978,1132,337,364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" pagination="295 - 296" refId="ref9913" refString="Tiwari, A. P. (2017) Lectotypification of Andropogon bellariensis, basionym of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Andropogoneae, Poaceae). Phytotaxa 326 (4): 295 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 326.4.11" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F6EA90FFC2FD47C2D47FEE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F6EA90FFC2FD47C2D47FEE6" box="[978,1052,338,364]" country="India" municipality="Anantpur" name="Tiwari" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh State">Tiwari</location>
|
||||
(2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
]available at http://apps.kew. org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000245 933; isolectotypes K (K000245932, digital image!), E (E00393922 & E00393923, digital images!),G (G00165918, digital image!),
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6EA90FFCABD4B42A21FE3E" box="[854,890,410,436]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6EA90FFC75D4B42AF0FE3F" box="[904,939,410,437]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
00156584, digital image!))
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6EA90FFF40D4932DD7FE76" blockId="4.[136,1452,301,2092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF40D4932841FE5D" bold="true" box="[189,282,445,471]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Epitype</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFED6D49328BEFE52" bold="true" box="[299,485,445,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">designated here</emphasis>
|
||||
):—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F6EA90FFDF2D4902DDCFE76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196306" collectingDate="2019-12-23" collectionCode="BLAT" country="India" county="Anantapur district" location="Fort Hill" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" specimenCode="BLAT110540" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6EA90FFDF2D4902B3EFE52" box="[527,613,446,472]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F6EA90FFD90D4902A06FE52" box="[621,861,446,472]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Andhra Pradesh state</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B829AC975F6EA90FFC9BD4902D6FFE52" box="[870,1076,446,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Anantapur district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F6EA90FFBC3D4902DB0FE52" box="[1086,1259,446,472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
||||
Gooty
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F6EA90FFB77D4902DB0FE52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F6EA90FFB77D4902DB0FE52" box="[1162,1259,446,472]" country="India" county="Anantapur district" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Fort Hill" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Fort Hill</location>
|
||||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
[Bellary region],
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F6EA90FFF75D4CC283BFE76" box="[136,352,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" value="2019-12-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F6EA90FFF75D4CC283BFE76" box="[136,352,482,508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" value="2019-12-23">23 December 2019</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFE96D4CC2B57FE76" box="[363,524,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F6EA90FFE96D4CC2B57FE76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F6EA90FFE96D4CC2B57FE76" box="[363,524,482,508]" country="India" county="Anantapur district" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Shahid Nawaz" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Shahid Nawaz</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
GF-310 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F6EA90FFD84D4CC2B93FE76" box="[633,712,482,508]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="Herbarium">BLAT</collectionCode>
|
||||
!) [Accession no.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="01517C605F6EA90FFC75D4CF2D7FFE76" box="[904,1060,481,508]" collectionCode="BLAT" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="Herbarium">BLAT110540</specimenCode>
|
||||
] (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9CCC89E5F6EA90FFBC4D4CC2D20FE76" box="[1081,1147,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[245,1391,187,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[196,1391,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epitype of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis at BLAT. Reproduced by the kind permission of the Director, the Blatter Herbarium (BLAT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392624/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6EA90CFF40D7282B94FF32" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6EA90FFF40D7282C68F7A6" blockId="4.[136,1452,301,2092]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">
|
||||
Perennial, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFE7CD7282891FDAA" box="[385,458,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
|
||||
high, densely tufted, simple or sparingly branched, slender, glabrous, glaucous herb. Culms terete, geniculately ascending; nodes glabrous. Leaf blade (5.0–) 10–45 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFBDDD7042DFAFDCE" box="[1056,1185,554,580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="cm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.4 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, linear, long, extremely narrow (filiform and convolute) to considerably broader (when flat)—old basal leaves prominently striated, with very acuminate apices, glabrous, glaucous, later turning reddish, flaccid, convolute, drooping and curling; basal sheaths prominently striated (almost ribbed), bulged and villous (with shiny appressed hairs) or bearded, upper sheaths shorter than or as long as (sometimes slightly longer than) the internodes, terete, tightly clasping, slightly keeled in upper part, glabrous, glaucous, striated, spathaceous in the upper parts of the plant; ligule bi-seriately ciliate, inner shorter and outer longer,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFEDCD62C2821FC96" box="[289,378,770,797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFE49D62C2B57FC96" box="[436,524,770,796]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long respectively alternating.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFC95D62F2D5DFC91" bold="true" box="[872,1030,769,795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||||
composed of a yellowish spiciformraceme, subtended by a linear, spathaceous sheath (only when young) in fascicles of many pedunculate branches arising terminally or axially; spathaceous sheath, glabrous, membranous, 6.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC12D6642D61FCEE" box="[1007,1082,842,868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="cm" value="7.2">7.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long; spiciform-raceme terminal or axillary (in fascicles of 5–8, issuing intravaginally on well exserted long slender peduncles), 4.5–5.0 cm long, obliquely inserted on the peduncle, the joint forming an annulus which is bearded, two homogamous lower pairs of the spikelets at the base are strictly staminate; rhachis internodes, ca. 3.0 mm long, linear, laterally compressed, ciliate on both the margins with white hairs, confluent with pedicel into the pungent callus which is somewhat protruded beyond the rhachis internode, tip oblique.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFDFFD6D32BE9FB9D" bold="true" box="[514,690,1021,1047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Sessile spikelet</emphasis>
|
||||
, hermaphrodite, 5.5–8.0 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC22D6D02D3EFB92" box="[991,1125,1022,1048]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(including the callus), linearelliptic;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF1BD10C2871FBB6" bold="true" box="[230,298,1058,1084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">callus</emphasis>
|
||||
long, rigid, obliquely-pungent, somewhat protruded, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC2CD10C2D72FBB6" box="[977,1065,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, densely bearded with white hairs;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF31D1682805FBEA" bold="true" box="[204,350,1094,1120]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">lower glume</emphasis>
|
||||
5.0–6.5 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFE29D1682B07FBEA" box="[468,604,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, elliptic, sub-oblong, sub-coriaceous, herbaceous, usually 6 or 7-nerved (but sometimes also up to 12-nerved), with a prominent longitudinal groove on the dorsal side, glabrous, margin inflexed (compressed and sharp in upper portion, lower broader and open), eciliate or ciliolate, tip acute, hyaline (sometimes due to rupturing membrane, tip appears bi-dentate), membranous;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFC91D19C2D59FB46" bold="true" box="[876,1026,1202,1228]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper glume</emphasis>
|
||||
5.5–6.8 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFB87D19C2D8AFB46" box="[1146,1233,1202,1228]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, somewhat oblongelliptic, sub-coriaceous, 5-nerved, glabrous, margin inflexed, ciliate, tip acute (due to disintegrating membrane, the rigid median and lateral nerves remain and impart a tridentate shape to the tip which is mostly seen in the mature spikelets), slightly longer than the lower glume, exaristate;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFD5BD0302A1AFAB2" bold="true" box="[678,833,1310,1336]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">lower lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
epaleate, barren, 4.0 × 0.8–1.0 mm, oblong-lanceolate, hyaline, membranous, nerveless, margin inflexed, ciliate above the middle, tip obtuse;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFB92D06C2C4AFAD6" bold="true" box="[1135,1297,1346,1372]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
rigid base of a geniculate awn, 4.0–5.0 mm long, linear-oblong, 3-nerved, bifid with thin, appressed, filiform lobes (caducous);
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D0A4284EFA2E" bold="true" box="[136,277,1418,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper palea</emphasis>
|
||||
hyaline-membranous, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFDAFD0A42BFCFA2E" box="[594,679,1418,1444]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, oblong, nerveless, eciliate, tip various from obtuse to dentate or lacerated;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF07D08328F0FA42" bold="true" box="[250,427,1453,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">geniculate awn</emphasis>
|
||||
issuing from the sinus of bifid lemma, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC83D0802A97FA42" box="[894,972,1454,1480]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, hispidulous with long hairs on spirals of the corkscrewed column, limb (bristle) scabrid, pale.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFD0CD0FF2A0DFA61" bold="true" box="[753,854,1489,1515]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Stamens</emphasis>
|
||||
three; anthers
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC0AD0FC2D26FA66" box="[1015,1149,1490,1516]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long; lodicules two, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFA75D0FC29EFF99A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, membranous, pale brown, somewhat obconical or oblong with broad truncate or tridentate tip.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFAE2D0DB2C28F985" bold="true" box="[1311,1395,1525,1551]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Stigma</emphasis>
|
||||
very densely plumose 2.3–3.0 mm long, pale orangish when dried; style short, flattened, hyaline-membranous, not terete.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D313285BF9DD" bold="true" box="[136,256,1597,1623]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Caryopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
brown, linear, somewhat elliptic-oblong,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFD1CD3102A31F9D2" box="[737,874,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFC4BD3132D57F9DD" bold="true" box="[950,1036,1597,1623]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Pedicel</emphasis>
|
||||
3.0 mm long, similar to the rhachis internode, sub-equal, laterally compressed, tip oblique, ciliate on both the margins with dense white hairs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFACFD34F29BFF915" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Pedicelled spikelet</emphasis>
|
||||
, staminate or barren, ex-aristate, 6.5–8.0 mm long (including the callus), elliptic, brownish, glabrous;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFA9AD3A82CF0F92A" bold="true" box="[1383,1451,1670,1696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">callus</emphasis>
|
||||
sparsely bearded, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFE6CD38428BCF94E" box="[401,487,1706,1733]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, somewhat squarish, obliquely placed on the pedicel;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFB80D3842C4BF94E" bold="true" box="[1149,1296,1706,1732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">lower glume</emphasis>
|
||||
5.0–8.0 × 2.0 mm (unopened), elliptic, sub-coriaceous somewhat translucent, 7–11-nerved, glabrous, acute, margins sharply inflexed, one side curved and minutely winged most of the length and other not curved but winged in upper portion only, ciliate in lower 2/3, tip acute to sub-acuminate, dorsally convex (sometimes with a slight, linear depression base upwards);
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D214287AF8DE" bold="true" box="[136,289,1850,1876]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper glume</emphasis>
|
||||
5.0–7.0 × 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFE2DD2142B73F8DE" box="[464,552,1850,1876]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, narrow elliptic, sub-hyaline, membranous, 5-nerved (nerves evanescent below the middle, green), glabrous, margin inflexed, densely ciliate, tip acute;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFC53D2702D13F8F2" bold="true" box="[942,1096,1886,1912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">lower lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
, epaleate, barren 5.0 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFAB2D2702CFCF8F2" box="[1359,1447,1886,1912]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, oblong-elliptic, hyaline-membranous, nerveless, margin narrowly inflexed, ciliate throughout, tip acute to sub-acute;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFF75D2882872F84A" bold="true" box="[136,297,1958,1984]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper lemma</emphasis>
|
||||
, staminate, 4.0–4.2 × 1.0 mm, oblong-elliptic, hyaline, membranous, 1-nerved, glabrous, margin not inflexed, tip acute to somewhat erose or lacerated;
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFD43D2E42A10F86E" bold="true" box="[702,843,1994,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">upper palea</emphasis>
|
||||
reduced
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC4CD2E42D5DF86E" box="[945,1030,1994,2021]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
or little longer, hyaline-membranous, nerveless, tip various entire to lacerated, or even absent.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFCF9D2C32A32F78D" bold="true" box="[772,873,2029,2055]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Stamens</emphasis>
|
||||
3, anthers
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFC19D2C02D30F782" box="[996,1131,2030,2057]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="3.35" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6EA90FFB4FD2C32C7EF78D" bold="true" box="[1202,1317,2029,2055]" pageId="4" pageNumber="251">Lodicules</emphasis>
|
||||
2, up to
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F6EA90FFA75D2C029EFF7A6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="251" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, glabrous, fleshy, clavate, distinctly excavated in the front and on tridentate and cupuliform apex.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="058884935F6FA90EFF75D28F2AFCF851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392624" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392624/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" startId="5.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[245,1391,187,1906]" targetPageId="5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6FA90EFF75D28F2BA0F83C" blockId="5.[136,935,1953,2011]" box="[136,763,1953,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6FA90EFF75D28F29ACF83C" bold="true" box="[136,247,1953,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6FA90EFEFED28F2BAEF83C" bold="true" box="[259,757,1953,1975]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">
|
||||
Epitype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6FA90EFE8ED28F2BCEF83D" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[371,661,1953,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="252" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6FA90EFE8ED28F2BCEF83D" bold="true" box="[371,661,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Parahyparrhenia bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
at BLAT
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6FA90EFF75D2EB2AFCF851" blockId="5.[136,935,1953,2011]" box="[136,935,1989,2011]" pageId="5" pageNumber="252">Reproduced by the kind permission of the Director, the Blatter Herbarium (BLAT).</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="058884935F6CA90DFF75D28F2CC9F7A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392628/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" startId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[203,1385,190,1929]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6CA90DFF75D28F2CC9F7A9" blockId="6.[136,1452,1953,2083]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFF75D28F29A0F83C" bold="true" box="[136,251,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6CA90DFEF7D28F2B74F83D" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[266,559,1953,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="253" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFEF7D28F2B74F83D" bold="true" box="[266,559,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Parahyparrhenia bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFDC3D28F2B14F83C" bold="true" box="[574,591,1953,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">A</emphasis>
|
||||
. Habit.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFD5ED28F2BE8F83C" bold="true" box="[675,691,1953,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Close-up of basal portion of the plant.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFBB1D28F2D06F83D" bold="true" box="[1100,1117,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">C</emphasis>
|
||||
. Spiciform-racemes.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFACFD28F2C03F83C" bold="true" box="[1330,1368,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">D–I</emphasis>
|
||||
: Sessile spikelet and its parts.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFEABD2EB283CF850" bold="true" box="[342,359,1989,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">D</emphasis>
|
||||
. Sessile spikelet.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFDECD2EB2B7AF850" bold="true" box="[529,545,1989,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">E</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower glume (outer side).
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFCD7D2EB2A62F850" bold="true" box="[810,825,1989,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">F</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower glume (inner side).
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFBBFD2EB2D0EF851" bold="true" box="[1090,1109,1989,2011]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">G</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower lemma.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFB0DD2EB2C58F850" bold="true" box="[1264,1283,1989,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">H</emphasis>
|
||||
. Hairy column of geniculate awn.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFED8D2C72875F874" bold="true" box="[293,302,2025,2046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">I</emphasis>
|
||||
. Pistil.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFE84D2C728FBF874" bold="true" box="[377,416,2025,2047]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">J–P</emphasis>
|
||||
: Pedicelled spikelets and its parts.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFD0FD2C72BA5F874" bold="true" box="[754,766,2025,2046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">J</emphasis>
|
||||
. Opened-up pedicelled spikelet.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFBC6D2C72D15F874" bold="true" box="[1083,1102,2025,2046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">K</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower glume.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFB15D2C72DA3F874" bold="true" box="[1256,1272,2025,2046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">L</emphasis>
|
||||
. Upper glume.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFA72D2C72CFDF874" bold="true" box="[1423,1446,2025,2046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">M</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower lemma.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFEE7DD232870F7A8" bold="true" box="[282,299,2061,2082]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">N</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lower palea.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFE46DD232895F7A9" bold="true" box="[443,462,2061,2083]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">O</emphasis>
|
||||
. Stamens.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFDCADD232B1DF7A8" bold="true" box="[567,582,2061,2082]" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">P</emphasis>
|
||||
. Lodicule. (Based on
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6CA90DFCE4DD232AF8F7A9" box="[793,931,2061,2083]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="253">Shahid Nawaz</emphasis>
|
||||
GF-310: Epitype (Photography by: Shahid Nawaz)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6DA90CFF40D5B02B94FF32" blockId="7.[136,1451,158,292]" box="[189,719,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFF40D5B02895FF32" bold="true" box="[189,462,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Flowering and fruiting</emphasis>
|
||||
:—December–January.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="19ED87905F6DA903FF40D5EC2849F9D3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6DA90CFF40D5EC2C05FF56" blockId="7.[136,1451,158,292]" box="[189,1374,194,221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFF40D5EC2814FF56" bold="true" box="[189,335,194,220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:—Gandikota Fort Hill,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F6DA90CFDA0D5EC2A16FF57" box="[605,845,194,221]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Andhra Pradesh state</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F6DA90CFC2BD5EC2D48FF56" box="[982,1043,194,220]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Apparently narrow endemic.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6DA90CFF40D5C828FCFEAE" blockId="7.[136,1451,158,292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFF40D5C828F7FE8A" bold="true" box="[189,428,230,256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Conservation status</emphasis>
|
||||
:—Critically Endangered (CR) based on the criteria A2a, B2ab (i,ii,iii,iv,v), C2a (i) and D (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F6DA90CFF6DD42428C1FEAE" author="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D." box="[144,410,266,292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref9549" refString="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D. (2021) Rediscovery of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): a presumed extinct grass from Andhra Pradesh, India. Phytotaxa 497 (2): 147 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 497.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Landge & Shinde 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="058884935F6DA90CFF75D2D02AB6F79E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6392632" box="[136,1005,2045,2068]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392632/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" startId="7.[136,229,2046,2068]" targetBox="[302,1285,314,2018]" targetPageId="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F6DA90CFF75D2D02AB6F79E" blockId="7.[136,1005,2045,2068]" box="[136,1005,2045,2068]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFF75D2D02B3DF799" bold="true" box="[136,614,2045,2068]" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">
|
||||
FIGURE 3. Habit of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F6DA90CFEA3D2D32B3DF799" authorityName="A. P. Tiwari & Chorghe" authorityYear="2020" box="[350,614,2045,2067]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="254" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khannae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFEA3D2D32B3DF799" bold="true" box="[350,614,2045,2067]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">Parahyparrhenia khannae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. (Based on
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F6DA90CFD25D2D02A18F79E" box="[728,835,2046,2068]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="254">A.P. Tiwari</emphasis>
|
||||
75590: holotype)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF40D5B02C51FD5E" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF40D5B028E3FF32" bold="true" box="[189,440,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Epitypification notes</emphasis>
|
||||
:—As part of revisionary studies of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FC2DD5B02DC9FF32" authorityName="A. Camus" authorityYear="1950" box="[976,1170,158,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FC2DD5B02DC9FF32" box="[976,1170,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Parahyparrhenia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FB46D5B02DACFF32" box="[1211,1271,158,184]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, we studied the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FF75D5EC29B4FF56" box="[136,239,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
and isolectotypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FE16D5ED2BD6FF56" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[491,653,194,220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FE16D5ED2BD6FF56" box="[491,653,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">P. bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
at (K, G,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FCF1D5EC2A6BFF56" box="[780,816,194,220]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
& E). The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FC41D5EC2D78FF56" box="[956,1059,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
at K (barcode: K000245933) has two considerable fragments of the specimens bearing a few leaves and inflorescences. The same is with the other specimens as isolectotypes at K (barcode: K000245932), E (barcodes: E00393922 & E00393923), G (G00165918) &
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FF5BD4002991FEC2" box="[166,202,302,328]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FF24D40029A6FEC3" box="[217,253,302,329]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">US</collectingCountry>
|
||||
00156584). All of these type specimens are devoid of the basal portion, culm and leaves. Two of the most important diagnostic features of this species are: firstly, its basal bulged sheath which is villous or densely pubescent/ bearded with white spreading or appressed hairs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9CCC89E5F62A903FD5AD4582BA9FE1A" box="[679,754,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[245,1391,187,1906]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[196,1391,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Epitype of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis at BLAT. Reproduced by the kind permission of the Director, the Blatter Herbarium (BLAT)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392624/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C9CCC89E5F62A903FCEFD4582A7AFE1A" box="[786,801,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-22@6.[203,1385,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parahyparrhenia bellariensis. A. Habit. B. Close-up of basal portion of the plant. C. Spiciform-racemes. D–I: Sessile spikelet and its parts. D. Sessile spikelet. E. Lower glume (outer side). F. Lower glume (inner side). G. Lower lemma. H. Hairy column of geniculate awn. I. Pistil. J–P: Pedicelled spikelets and its parts. J. Opened-up pedicelled spikelet. K. Lower glume. L. Upper glume. M. Lower lemma. N. Lower palea. O. Stamens. P. Lodicule. (Based on Shahid Nawaz GF-310: Epitype (Photography by: Shahid Nawaz)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6392628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6392628/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and secondly, the bi-seriately (in two series/rows in which inner shorter and outer longer) ciliate ligule. None of the original materials exhibits these features that are important in distinguishing this species from other congeners. The recent collection on
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F62A903FC42D4902DC9FE52" box="[959,1170,446,472]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2019-12-23">23 December 2019</date>
|
||||
of this species by Shahid Nawaz from the type locality Gooty Fort Hill [Bellary region], Andhra Pradesh i.e.
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FBD7D4CC2D91FE76" box="[1066,1226,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Shahid Nawaz</emphasis>
|
||||
GF-310 (Accession no. BLAT110540) is housed at The Blatter Herbarium (BLAT), for more details refer to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FB9DD7282C21FDAA" author="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D." box="[1120,1402,518,544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref9549" refString="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D. (2021) Rediscovery of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): a presumed extinct grass from Andhra Pradesh, India. Phytotaxa 497 (2): 147 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 497.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Landge & Shinde (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. His (S.N.L.) specimen is a complete well preserved herbarium specimen exhibiting the roots, basal portion, culms, leaves, and inflorescences, comprising all the important diagnostic features require distinguishing this species. Hence, we here designate it as an epitype according to ICN Art. 9.9 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FCE7D75C2AACFD06" author="Turland, N. J. & Wiersema, J. H. & Barrie, F. R. & Greuter, W. & Hawksworth, D. L. & Herendeen, P. S. & Knapp, S. & Kusber, W. H. & Li, D. Z. & Marhold, K. & May, T. W. & McNeill, J. & Monro, A. M. & Prado, J. & Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F." box="[794,1015,626,652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" refId="ref10073" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., Barrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. H., Li, D. Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F. (Eds.) (2018) International Code of Nomenclature foralgae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashutten. https: // doi. org / 10.12705 / Code. 2018" type="book" year="2018">
|
||||
Turland
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FC81D75D2AEEFD06" box="[892,949,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) of the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FB68D75C2CF7FD06" authorityName="Hackel" authorityYear="1885" box="[1173,1452,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FB68D75C2CF7FD06" box="[1173,1452,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Andropogon bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to further interpret and support its correct identification. Since, it is the most recent collection and also from the type locality, it can be further utilized in phylogenomic studies for DNA extraction and genome sequencing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF40D7F02B6AFB46" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF40D7F0285BFD72" bold="true" box="[189,256,734,760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Notes</emphasis>
|
||||
:—One of the most peculiar features of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FD15D7F02D61FD72" authorityName="Clayton" authorityYear="1972" baseAuthorityName="Hackel" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[744,1082,734,760]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Parahyparrhenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bellariensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FD15D7F02D61FD72" box="[744,1082,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Parahyparrhenia bellariensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is its short, flattened, hyalinemembranous (papery) style quite contrary to the usually known terete and solid style in grasses. Occurrence of this particular character may be checked in other congeners about which nothing is known. It is the only species in the genus to have bi-seriately ciliate ligule, i.e. ligule with two rows of hairs i.e. inner rim of short hairs alternating with the outer rim of long hairs, and basal sheaths bulged and villous. The leaves are very linear-lanceolate, glaucous, prominently striated, flattened, mostly drooping at the base, turning somewhat reddish and later becoming filiform and convolute. The base of the plant is very thick resulting from a tuft of many culms arising closely together clothed with old sheaths. Dead culms from the previous flowering season may also be seen with new culms in the growing season during November to January. The pedicellate spikelets are usually 2-flowered (only upper floret developed), but sometimes 1-flowered then (only lower is developed) and strictly staminate. The lodicules are fleshy with a depression at the tridentate (at least slightly) apex and the frontal side. These lodicules are firmly associated close to the filaments of stamens i.e. at the base of androecium, in such a manner that the lower lobes of each bi-celled anther are sunk into the apical cavities of the lodicules (for the illustration of the lodicules, refer to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FC0DD1A02DACFB22" author="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D." box="[1008,1271,1166,1192]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref9549" refString="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D. (2021) Rediscovery of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): a presumed extinct grass from Andhra Pradesh, India. Phytotaxa 497 (2): 147 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 497.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Landge & Shinde 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The reason for this association is apparently obscure.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF40D1F82B56FAD6" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
This species was recently rediscovered after almost 184 years by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FC66D1F82DE9FB7A" author="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D." box="[923,1202,1238,1264]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref9549" refString="Landge, S. N. & Shinde, R. D. (2021) Rediscovery of Parahyparrhenia bellariensis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae): a presumed extinct grass from Andhra Pradesh, India. Phytotaxa 497 (2): 147 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 497.2.7" type="journal article" year="2021">Landge & Shinde (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FADDD1F92C0BFB7B" box="[1312,1360,1239,1265]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality where
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F7AF985F62A903FF2ED1D52D8DFA9F" authority="(Linnaeus 1753: 1045) Beauvois ex Roemer & Schultes (1817: 836)" authorityName="Roemer & Schultes" authorityPageNumber="836" authorityYear="1817" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityPageNumber="1045" baseAuthorityYear="1753" box="[211,1238,1274,1301]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Heteropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contortus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF2ED1D5288DFA9E" box="[211,470,1275,1300]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Heteropogon contortus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FE19D1D42B88FA9F" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[484,723,1274,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" refId="ref9607" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum Vol. 2. Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm], 1045 pp." type="book" year="1753">Linnaeus 1753: 1045</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) Beauvois ex
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3566A9EA5F62A903FC8FD1D52D8DFA9F" author="Roemer, J. J. & Schultes, J. A." box="[882,1238,1274,1301]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" refId="ref9705" refString="Roemer, J. J. & Schultes, J. A. (1817) Systema vegetabilium, 2. J. G. Cotta, Stuttgardtia [Stuttgart], 836 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title" type="book" year="1817">Roemer & Schultes (1817: 836)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
abounds in luxury, and to which it deceptively resembles. In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FD86D0312BF0FAB3" box="[635,683,1311,1337]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality, Gooty Fort Hill, the grass may have recently become extinct due to much tourist encroachment.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5148D41B5F62A903FF40D0482849F9D3" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FF40D04828ECFA0A" bold="true" box="[189,439,1382,1408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Specimens examined</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F62A903FE24D04828FBFA67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196310" collectingDate="2019-12-21" collectingDateMax="2019-12-23" collectingDateMin="2019-12-21" collectionCode="BLAT" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" elevation="320" latitude="14.818083" location="Fort Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" specimenCode="BLAT110540" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FE24D0482B75FA0A" box="[473,558,1382,1408]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F62A903FDC5D0482BAAFA0A" box="[568,753,1382,1408]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B829AC975F62A903FD00D0482A93FA0A" box="[765,968,1382,1408]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Cuddapah district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F62A903FC28D0482DECFA0A" box="[981,1207,1382,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
Gandikota
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FBAFD0492DECFA0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FBAFD0492DECFA0A" box="[1106,1207,1382,1409]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Fort Hill</location>
|
||||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="960F79FE5F62A903FB39D0482C5CFA0A" box="[1220,1287,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="320.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="DADA33285F62A903FB39D0482C5CFA0A" box="[1220,1287,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" unit="m" value="320.0">320m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F62A903FAE9D0482998FA2E" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2019-12-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F62A903FAE9D0482998FA2E" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2019-12-21">21 December 2019</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F62A903FF2DD0A42835FA2F" box="[208,366,1418,1445]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="5.10" value="14.818083">14°49’5.10”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="34C3B2DC5F62A903FE8BD0A42B48FA2E" box="[374,531,1418,1444]" degrees="78" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" precision="1" seconds="8.90" value="78.285805">78°17’8.90”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FDDCD0A42B98FA2E" box="[545,707,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FDDCD0A42B98FA2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FDDCD0A42B98FA2E" box="[545,707,1418,1444]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Shahid Nawaz" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Shahid Nawaz</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
GK-300, GK-301, GK-302, GK-303, GK-304, GK-305, GK-306 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FF6DD0802986FA42" box="[144,221,1454,1480]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BLAT</collectionCode>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FF0DD080289AFA42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FF0DD080289AFA42" box="[240,449,1454,1480]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Anantapur district" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Anantapur district</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FE33D0802BD9FA42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FE33D0802BD9FA42" box="[462,642,1454,1481]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Gooty Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
|
||||
Gooty
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FDE3D0812BD9FA42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FDE3D0812BD9FA42" box="[542,642,1454,1481]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Fort Hill</location>
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
[Bellary region],
|
||||
<date id="2549F2DB5F62A903FCACD0802D75FA42" box="[849,1070,1454,1480]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2019-12-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="350D0B335F62A903FCACD0802D75FA42" box="[849,1070,1454,1480]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" value="2019-12-23">23 December 2019</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FBC1D0802D84FA42" box="[1084,1247,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FBC1D0802D84FA42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FBC1D0802D84FA42" box="[1084,1247,1454,1480]" country="India" county="Cuddapah district" latitude="14.818083" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="78.285805" municipality="Gandikota Fort Hill" name="Shahid Nawaz" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Shahid Nawaz</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
GF-310 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FAACD0802CFBFA42" box="[1361,1440,1454,1480]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BLAT</collectionCode>
|
||||
!) [
|
||||
<specimenCode id="01517C605F62A903FF73D0FC2874FA67" box="[142,303,1490,1517]" collectionCode="BLAT" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14153" name="St. Xavier's College" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">BLAT110540</specimenCode>
|
||||
: Epitype]
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="E19FDE465F62A903FE52D0FC2854F9D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744196304" collectionCode="K, G, E" country="India" county="Madras" location="Fort Hill" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="29E0948B5F62A903FE52D0FC2B59FA66" box="[431,514,1490,1516]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F62A903FDEDD0FC2BD1FA66" box="[528,650,1490,1516]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Tamilnadu</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B829AC975F62A903FD64D0FC2BB6FA66" box="[665,749,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Madras</collectingCounty>
|
||||
[
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="93331AF95F62A903FD03D0FC2AE5FA67" box="[766,958,1490,1517]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
],
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B12C4E615F62A903FC2ED0FC2DD7FA66" box="[979,1164,1490,1517]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
Gooty
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FBD9D0FD2DD7FA66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FBD9D0FD2DD7FA66" box="[1060,1164,1490,1517]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Fort Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Fort Hill</location>
|
||||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FB66D0FC2DE0FA66" box="[1179,1211,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">s.d</emphasis>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FB29D0FC2C4EFA66" box="[1236,1301,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FB29D0FC2C4EFA66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FB29D0FC2C4EFA66" box="[1236,1301,1490,1516]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Wight" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Wight</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2321 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FA91D0FC2CDEFA66" box="[1388,1413,1490,1516]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
!) 2 preparations;
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FEDBD0D82803F99A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FEDBD0D82803F99A" box="[294,344,1526,1552]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Inde" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Inde</location>
|
||||
[Peninsula Ind. orientis], s.d.,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FD34D0D82A51F99A" box="[713,778,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FD34D0D82A51F99A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FD34D0D82A51F99A" box="[713,778,1526,1552]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Wight" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Wight</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2321 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FC99D0D82A26F99A" box="[868,893,1526,1552]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
!) 1 preparation;
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FBB9D0D92DC7F99B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FBB9D0D92DC7F99B" box="[1092,1180,1527,1553]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Mysore" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Mysore</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FB51D0D92C58F99B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FB51D0D92C58F99B" box="[1196,1283,1527,1553]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Deccan" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Deccan</location>
|
||||
, prope
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FAA2D0D82CF0F99A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FAA2D0D82CF0F99A" box="[1375,1451,1526,1552]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Bellari" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Bellari</location>
|
||||
[Bellary region],
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FEB7D3342831F9BE" box="[330,362,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">s.d</emphasis>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FE82D334289BF9BE" box="[383,448,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FE82D334289BF9BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FE82D334289BF9BE" box="[383,448,1562,1588]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Wight" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Wight</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2321 (US!) 1 preparation;
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FD0CD3342A31F9BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FD0CD3342A31F9BE" box="[753,874,1562,1588]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="South Asia" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">South Asia</location>
|
||||
[India],
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FC31D3342AB7F9BE" box="[972,1004,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">s.d</emphasis>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<emphasis id="638308095F62A903FBFCD3342D19F9BE" box="[1025,1090,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">
|
||||
<location id="542882C05F62A903FBFCD3342D19F9BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E650D5F6EA903FF75D5C82849F9D3:542882C05F62A903FBFCD3342D19F9BE" box="[1025,1090,1562,1588]" country="India" county="Madras" municipality="Gooty Fort Hill" name="Wight" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Wight</location>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
2321 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="37E64CDE5F62A903FB6FD3342DF3F9BE" box="[1170,1192,1562,1588]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="8" pageNumber="255" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||||
!) 2 preparations. (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="8E4C6AB95F62A903FA8FD3342CF0F9BE" box="[1394,1451,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="255">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
collections)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
216
data/D9/5E/73/D95E7373F59A5235B1A8229D1A68E4A5.xml
Normal file
216
data/D9/5E/73/D95E7373F59A5235B1A8229D1A68E4A5.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-99" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" ID-ZooBank="7A16698D4F1848D29D9651A6E0CC15AC" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-99" checkinTime="1667366289781" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vasilyan, Davit, Cernansky, Andrej, Szyndlar, Zbigniew & Moers, Thomas" docDate="2022" docId="D95E7373F59A5235B1A8229D1A68E4A5" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 99-145" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-05-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781" docTitle="Albanerpeton inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter 1976" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" masterDocTitle="Amphibian and reptilian fauna from the early Miocene of Echzell, Germany" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1667366289781" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Amphibian and reptilian fauna from the early Miocene of Echzell, Germany</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Vasilyan, Davit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>JURASSICA Museum, Route de Fontenais 21. 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland & Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du musee 6, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">davit.vasilyan@jurassica.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Cernansky, Andrej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-2503</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Szyndlar, Zbigniew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Moers, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2268-5824</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95E7373F59A5235B1A8229D1A68E4A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95E7373F59A5235B1A8229D1A68E4A5" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D95E7373-F59A-5235-B1A8-229D1A68E4A5" authority="Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976" authorityName="Estes & Hoffstetter" authorityYear="1976" class="Amphibia" family="Albanerpetontidae" genus="Albanerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albanerpeton inexpectatum" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexpectatum">Albanerpeton inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Material and horizon.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">One frontal HLMD-Ez 2004, four praemaxillae HLMD-Ez 2005-2008, nine maxillae HLMD-Ez 2009-2016, ten dentaries HLMD-Ez 2017-2027, one vertebra HLMD-Ez 2028.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
Frontal: Frontal is partly preserved. It is triangular in shape and as wide as long (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The entire preserved dorsal surface of the bone is covered by moderately deep polygonal pits limited from each other by rather low ridges. The anterolateral processes are missing. The anteriorly-projecting internasal is rather narrow and elongated. In ventral view, its spike-like outline is more evident (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Only the anteromedial slot is preserved. It is long, low and not deep. In ventral view, the ventrolateral crest is broad, concave and in transverse view, triangular in outline. It starts at the base of the preserved portion of the anterolateral process and projects posterolaterally, reaching the posterior lateral tips of the frontal. The crest becomes thinner laterally. The ventral surface of the frontal, between the posterolateral crests, is flat.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Estes & Hoffstetter" authorityYear="1976" class="Amphibia" family="Albanerpetontidae" genus="Albanerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albanerpeton inexpectatum" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexpectatum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Albanerpeton inexpectatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Echzell locality. Frontal (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, B.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C-E.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2161;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">F-I.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">J-L.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2009;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">M-O.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2010;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">P, Q.</emphasis>
|
||||
HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, K</emphasis>
|
||||
) dorsal, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
|
||||
) ventral, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y</emphasis>
|
||||
) labial, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA</emphasis>
|
||||
) lingual, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">I</emphasis>
|
||||
) ventroposterior, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">S, X</emphasis>
|
||||
) medial, (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">G, U, Z</emphasis>
|
||||
) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
Praemaxilla: Available four praemaxillae show different preservation and are not fused. The medial surface of the bone, where two praemaxillae connect with each other, possesses grooves and flanges (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The width of the bone, measured along the tooth row, ranges from 1-1.5 mm. The pars dorsalis is elongated and long. In lateral view, it is curved. The laterodorsal notch is weakly developed. The pars dorsalis at its middle part extends slightly laterally, which in large-sized bones is stronger developed than in the small-sized ones. The labial surface of the bone is covered by different structures (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2C, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The ventral portion, corresponding to the pars dentalis, is nearly smooth. The middle part of the surface, making the most of the pars dorsalis, is pierced by nutrition foramina. The tip of the pars dorsalis possesses the boss. Pustular structures and polygonal-shaped pits cover it. In labial view, the maxillary process of praemaxilla projects laterally behind the pars dorsalis. In lingual view, the well-developed suprapalatal pit at the medial base of the pars dorsalis is present (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2D, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It has an elongate outline and reopens ventrally as a palatal foramen in the ventral surface of the pars palatinum. In medial view, the pars palatinum is curved. Distinct vomerine and maxillary processes are visible on the pars palatinum. The maxillary process is stronger developed than the vomerine one. Six to seven pleurodont teeth are attached to the pars dentalis.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
Maxilla: In total, eight maxillae with different preservation are available. The pars dentalis in most well-preserved specimens possesses 13-14 teeth or tooth bases. In lingual view, the pars dentalis is high anteriorly and reduces in height posteriorly (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2J, M, P</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The pars palatinum is well-developed and curved. In the middle part of the bone, it reaches its most width. The anterior tip of the pars palatinum extends anteromedially and forms a distinct process (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2J, P</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The premaxillary process is well developed (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2M, P</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The distinct nasal process projects anterodorsally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2J, M</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Both the dorsal and labial surfaces of the maxillae are pierced by short rows of up to three nutrition foramina, which are limited to the area around the nasal process (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2N, L, Q</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
Dentary: All eleven dentaries are only partially preserved. No dentary with a fully preserved tooth row (pars dentalis) is available in the material to count the tooth number. The teeth reduce in height posteriorly. The Meckelian groove is closed and form a canal. The dental shelf is moderately broad, and its lingual margin is angular (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2R, V</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The symphyseal articulation surfaces are flat and vertical. Lingually, it possesses two distinct prongs (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2R, S</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The dorsal prong is long and oriented anterodorsally. The ventral one is smaller and anteroventrally oriented. The ventral prong and the main symphyseal surface are separated with a moderately deep depression, which is pierced by the anterior opening of the Meckelian groove. The latter opens posteriorly with two large ventral and small dorsal ("opening for an unnamed canal" sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" author="Szentesi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="49 - 66" refId="B118" refString="Szentesi, Z, Pazonyi, P, Meszaros, L, 2015. Albanerpetonidae from the late Pliocene (MN 16A) Csarnota 3 locality (Villany Hills, South Hungary) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 32: 49 - 66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" title="Albanerpetonidae from the late Pliocene (MN 16 A) Csarnota 3 locality (Villany Hills, South Hungary) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum." url="https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" volume="32" year="2015">Szentesi et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; fig. 8) openings. Taking into account the
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“natural”">"natural"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cross-sections of the bones (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2U, X, Z</figureCitation>
|
||||
), the split of the Meckelian canal into two branches already at the sixth tooth position can be stated. The small dorsal branch runs below the tooth row, whereas the large ventral one is enclosed in the ventral portion of the bone. The labial surface of the dentary is smooth. A row of labial foramina of different sizes is arranged along the midline of the dentary (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Albanerpeton inexpectatum from the Echzell locality. Frontal (A, B. HLMD-Ez 2004). Premaxillae (C-E. HLMD-Ez 2161; F-I. HLMD-Ez 2005). Maxillae (J-L. HLMD-Ez 2009; M-O. HLMD-Ez 2010; P, Q. HLMD-Ez 2012). The bones are figured in (A, K) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C, F, L, N, Q, T, W, Y) labial, (D, E, H, J, M, O, P, R, V, AA) lingual, (I) ventroposterior, (S, X) medial, (G, U, Z) posterior views. Where not indicated, the scale bar equals 5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682222" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">2T, W, Y</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Dentition: The teeth on premaxillae, maxillae. and dentary have similar morphology. All teeth are pleurodont and closely located. The tip of teeth is tricuspid with a main central large cuspid and two lateral small cuspids, which are sometimes nearly absent. The tooth pedicles are compressed anterodorsally. The tooth tip is round in cross-section. They reduce in size posteriorly.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
|
||||
The fossil remains can be assigned to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Estes & Hoffstetter" authorityYear="1976" class="Amphibia" family="Albanerpetontidae" genus="Albanerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albanerpeton" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Albanerpeton</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
considering the presence of the following autapomorphies (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
): 1) dorsal/ventral outlines of fused frontals are triangular (Character state 21(1) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); 2) ratio of midline length of fused frontals to the width across posterior edge of bone, between lateral edge of the ventrolateral crest, is as wide as long (1:1) (Character state 22(1) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); 3) path followed by canal through pars palatinum in praemaxillae, between dorsal and ventral openings of palatal foramen, is vertical (Character 27(1) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Among the species of the genus, two apomorphies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. inexpectatum" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexpectatum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A. inexpectatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are such as; 1) the pustular ornament pattern of labial surface of premaxillary (Character 8(1) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and 2) form of ventrolateral crest on large, fused frontals wide and triangular in transverse view, with strongly concave ventral surface (Character 24(2) in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Further, two character states [16(1), 17(1)] of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
cannot be observed due to poor preservation of the material. The Echzell remains can be clearly distinguished from the second available European Tertiary albanerpetontid species
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Venczel & Gardner" authorityYear="2005" class="Amphibia" family="Albanerpetontidae" genus="Albanerpeton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Albanerpeton pannonicum" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Albanerpeton pannonicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by: 1) lack of the ventromedial keel on frontals (vs. present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. pannonicum" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A. pannonicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); 2) labial pustulate ornament on premaxilla is not restricted to the boss but also cover the surface of the bone ventrally from the boss. The presence of boss on praemaxilla has been suggested as a characteristic for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. pannonicum" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pannonicum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A. pannonicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and should be absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. inexpectatum" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexpectatum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A. inexpectatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1273 - 1300" refId="B137" refString="Venczel, M, Gardner, JD, 2005. The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary. Palaeontology 48: 1273 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" title="The geologically youngest Albanerpetontid Amphibian, from the Lower Pliocene of Hungary." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00512.x" volume="48" year="2005">Venczel and Gardner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" author="Szentesi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="49 - 66" refId="B118" refString="Szentesi, Z, Pazonyi, P, Meszaros, L, 2015. Albanerpetonidae from the late Pliocene (MN 16A) Csarnota 3 locality (Villany Hills, South Hungary) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 32: 49 - 66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" title="Albanerpetonidae from the late Pliocene (MN 16 A) Csarnota 3 locality (Villany Hills, South Hungary) in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum." url="https://doi.org/10.17111/FragmPalHung.2015.32.49" volume="32" year="2015">Szentesi et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The structures on the dorsolabial surface of the pars dorsalis on the studied material is interpreted as boss and most probably, suggesting the character to be shared between two species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
135
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<emphasis id="F1A9DF0BBCCF5AD4D11C9335089EEE97" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="120292">Event:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="CB7246028C26A038D7D4B764FE957E44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="120292">Record Level:</emphasis>
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institutionID: CANL; collectionID: McMullin 19564
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<materialsCitation id="31FC1226895CD06301C5BC1E716C6E7C" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" latitude="51.66425" longitude="-128.12706" pageId="0" pageNumber="120292" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
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119
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">
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128
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|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="144192094" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D95EB3B947263CC756B38011B5A85A43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D95EB3B947263CC756B38011B5A85A43" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hu & Song, 1982" authorityName="Hu & Song" authorityYear="1982" class="Arachnida" family="Eutichuridae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium zhejiangense" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangense">Cheiracanthium zhejiangense Hu & Song, 1982</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 4, 5
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eutichuridae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium zhejiangensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangensis">Cheiracanthium zhejiangensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hu & Song, 1982: 56, fig. 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Eutichuridae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium zhejiangense" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangense">Cheiracanthium zhejiangense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Paik, KY" journalOrPublisher="Korean Arachnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="85 - 129" title="Korean spiders of the genus Clubiona (Araneae: Clubionidae) I. Description of eight new species and five unrecorded species from Korea." volume="5" year="1990">Paik 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 9, fig. 26-38.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">See the World Spider Catalogue for the full list of references.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Examined material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
1♂ and 2♀, China, Jiangxi Province, Jinggang Mountains Nature Reserve, Xiangzhou village (380 m;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.591732">26°35'30.23"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="114.26665">114°15'59.93"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), 26 April 2011, Hao Yu leg.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Male and female (Fig. 4). Description of habitus, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Paik, KY" journalOrPublisher="Korean Arachnology" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="85 - 129" title="Korean spiders of the genus Clubiona (Araneae: Clubionidae) I. Description of eight new species and five unrecorded species from Korea." volume="5" year="1990">Paik (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Since previous descriptions are rather brief, redescription of genitalia is provided as below.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Palp (Fig. 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Tibia about as long as cymbium, with only retrolateral apophysis; apophysis about 20% of tibia length, with a sharp apex and hiding behind tegulum; cymbial spur slightly shorter than tibia, tapering off into a thread and terminally coiled; cymbial fold distinct, for approximately 2/3 the length of cymbium; tip of cymbium about 1/3 of cymbium length. Tegulum egg-shaped, 1.2 longer than wide; tegular apophysis long, more than 4/5 of tegulim length, thin hook-shaped; embolus originates at about 10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||||
position, terminating at approximately 11
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||||
position,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="it’s">it's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
tip covered by conductor; conductor large, membranous.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Epigyne (Fig. 4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Apron-like atrium distinct, about four times wider than long; receptacles are faintly visible through epigynal plate in ventral view; two copulatory openings located at lateral borders of atrium; the transparent copulatory ducts running spirally (length of spira about 2.6 times longer than receptacles), forming 8 entwined loops (including 4 ascending coils and 4 descending coils); receptacle long and tubular, separated by two diameters.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Figures 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium zhejiangense" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhejiangense">Cheiracanthium zhejiangense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hu & Song, 1982, male and female from Jinggang Mountains, Jiangxi, China. A left male palp, prolateral view B same, ventral view C same, retrolateral view D epigyne, ventral view E vulva, dorsal view F male habitus, dorsal view G female habitus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
); 2 mm (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">China (Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang) and Korea.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 5. Locality of Jinggang Mountains in China.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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