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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.82.13542" ID-PMC="PMC5546391" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-82-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3433E24DC048FFE06A5CFFF08905FFFB" ID-PubMed="28794683" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138117" ModsDocID="1314-2003-82-73" checkinTime="1502745020526" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jahn, Regine, Kusber, Wolf-Henning &amp; Cocquyt, Christine" docDate="2017" docId="EF9E3ADC50365062935A8D3161933FEE" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 82: 73-112" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 82" docPubDate="2017-07-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.82.13542" docTitle="Surirella laticeps (O. Müll.) Cocquyt &amp; R. Jahn 2017, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="3433E24DC048FFE06A5CFFF08905FFFB" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="3433E24DC048FFE06A5CFFF08905FFFB" masterDocTitle="Differentiating Iconella from Surirella (Bacillariophyceae): typifying four Ehrenberg names and a preliminary checklist of the African taxa" masterLastPageNumber="112" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1668142011349" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Differentiating Iconella from Surirella (Bacillariophyceae): typifying four Ehrenberg names and a preliminary checklist of the African taxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jahn, Regine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Dahlem, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Str. 6 - 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">r.jahn@bgbm.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kusber, Wolf-Henning</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Dahlem, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Str. 6 - 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cocquyt, Christine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1680, Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225935" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF9E3ADC50365062935A8D3161933FEE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF9E3ADC50365062935A8D3161933FEE" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="19" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EF9E3ADC-5036-5062-935A-8D3161933FEE" authority="(O. Muell.) Cocquyt &amp; R. Jahn" authorityName="(O. Müll.) Cocquyt &amp; R. Jahn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="O. Muell." class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Surirellaceae" genus="Surirella" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Surirella laticeps" order="Surirellales" pageId="19" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="laticeps" status="comb. nov.">
Surirella laticeps (O.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.) Cocquyt &amp; R. Jahn
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="19" pageNumber="92">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="92">
≡
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jahn &amp; Kusber &amp; Cocquyt" authorityYear="2017" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Surirellaceae" genus="Cymatopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cymatopleura solea subsp. var. var. laticeps" order="Surirellales" pageId="19" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="variety" species="solea" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="var." variety="laticeps">Cymatopleura solea var. laticeps</taxonomicName>
O.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 22-23, fig. 2. 1904.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="92">
≡
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jahn &amp; Kusber &amp; Cocquyt" authorityYear="2017" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Surirellaceae" genus="Cymatopleura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cymatopleura laticeps" order="Surirellales" pageId="19" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="laticeps" status="comb. nov.">Cymatopleura laticeps</taxonomicName>
(O.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.) Cocquyt &amp; R. Jahn in Pl. Ecol. Evol. 147 (3): 418. 2014.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="92" type="lectotype">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="92">Lectotype</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="92">
(designated in
<bibRefCitation DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" author="Cocquyt, C" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology and Evolution" pageId="26" pageNumber="99" pagination="412 - 425" refId="B24" refString="Cocquyt, C, Jahn, R, 2014. A re-investigation of Otto Mueller's Cymatopleura taxa (Bacillariophyta) from East Africa. Plant Ecology and Evolution 147 (3): 412 - 425, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" title="A re-investigation of Otto Mueller's Cymatopleura taxa (Bacillariophyta) from East Africa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" volume="147" year="2014">Cocquyt and Jahn 2014</bibRefCitation>
). B 40 0040251 [http://herbarium.bgbm.org/object/B400040251] (the valve representing the lectotype was published as fig. 5 B in
<bibRefCitation DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" author="Cocquyt, C" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology and Evolution" pageId="26" pageNumber="99" pagination="412 - 425" refId="B24" refString="Cocquyt, C, Jahn, R, 2014. A re-investigation of Otto Mueller's Cymatopleura taxa (Bacillariophyta) from East Africa. Plant Ecology and Evolution 147 (3): 412 - 425, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" title="A re-investigation of Otto Mueller's Cymatopleura taxa (Bacillariophyta) from East Africa." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2014.992" volume="147" year="2014">Cocquyt and Jahn (2014)</bibRefCitation>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“‘Nyassaland’">&quot;'Nyassaland'</normalizedToken>
, Tanzania, Lake Malawi near Langenburg&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="92">http://phycobank.org/100094</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.37.7888" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7f85570c-a3d4-432c-9df3-f59d969d7d43" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127881408" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="2367-5365-2" ModsDocOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 37 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775, in Iran (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae). Part X: On two newly discovered Mesembrynus taxa from the western Alborz" checkinTime="1418151875190" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hofmann, Axel &amp; Naderi, Alireza" docDate="2014" docId="EF9E76B1331F25A0D10B2941AAA5708B" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 37(2): 167-181" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 37 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.37.7888" docTitle="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii Hofmann &amp; Naderi, 2014, ssp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="171" masterDocId="9B2D313EFFB0FFBEEF0196250226FFF3" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775, in Iran (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae). Part X: On two newly discovered Mesembrynus taxa from the western Alborz" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="167" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" updateTime="1643519278681" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title>Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775, in Iran (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae). Part X: On two newly discovered Mesembrynus taxa from the western Alborz</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hofmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Naderi, Alireza</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Zygaenidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="170">ssp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 10-29, 33-35, 38, 39
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="material">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
Holotype ♂, 28 mm wingspan, &quot;Iran, Prov. Gilan, Kuh-e Samamus, Javaherdeh 20 km SSW, 3350-3400 m, 30.6.2006, leg. A. Hofmann &amp; A. Naderi&quot;, [
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="36.848667">36°50,92' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="50.394333">50°23,66'E</geoCoordinate>
], coll. A. Hofmann (to be deposited in SMNK). Paratypes: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data as holotype, coll. A. Hofmann; same locality as holotype: 35 ♂, 18 ♀, 15.vii. 2006, leg. et coll. A. Hofmann; 1 ♂, coll. J. Mooser; 1 ♂, coll. A. Floriani; 7 ♂, 3 ♀, coll. T. Keil; 4 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. larvae, e.p.: 30.vi.-10.vii.2006 leg. et cult. A. Hofmann, coll. A. Hofmann; 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 25.vi. 2006, leg. A. Naderi, coll. A. Hofmann; 8 ♂, leg. et coll. A. Naderi; 16 ♂, 3 ♀, 3.viii.2007, leg. et coll. A. Naderi; 3 ♂, 1 ♀, coll. A. Hofmann; 7 ♂, 1 ♀, coll. T. Keil; 4 ♂, coll. P. Zehzad (to be deposited in HMIM). Other material: Iran, Prov. Mazandaran, Tonekabon SW, Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh (Zarout), 3270-3350 m, [
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="36.696">36°41,76'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="50.496166">50°29,77'E</geoCoordinate>
], 17 ♂, 2 ♀, 14.vii.2006, leg. A. Hofmann &amp; A. Naderi, coll. A. Hofmann; 3 ♂, ibidem, coll. T. Keil; 2 ♂, ibidem, 10.vii.2007, leg. A. Naderi, coll. T. Keil; 5 ♂, 2 ♀, ibidem, 13. u. 14.vii.2010, leg. et coll. A. Hofmann; this locality is about 20 km southeast of Kuh-e Samamus. Iran, Prov. Qazvin NE,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mo’allem">Mo'allem</normalizedToken>
Kalayeh vic., Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390-3430 m, [
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="36.542168">36°32,53'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="50.505165">50°30,31'E</geoCoordinate>
], 11 ♂, 1 ♀, 15.vii.2010, leg. et coll. A. Hofmann; 11 ♂, 10 ♀, ibidem, 3550-3700 m, leg. et coll. A. Hofmann; this locality is about 35 km southeast of Kuh-e Samamus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Dedicated to Abbas Oseyi (Karaj), who accompanied the second author when discovering the first population at Kuh-e Samamus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">A group of strictly non-melanistic populations. Black ground colour of forewings with greenish sheen, more greyish and more translucent in females. Hindwings with black border of medium width, stronger at apex and with a double-tooth in the beginning of anal field at the tornus, but never invading the discal area. Forewing spots 1+2, 3+4 and 5 well developed and always present, spots 1+2+2a forming the basal blotch, with spot 2 elongate, longer than spot 1, while spot 2a is vestigial. Spot 3 small, ovoid, spot 4 larger, quadrangular; both spots always separated by the cubitus stem vein. Spot 5 of similar size and form as spot 4, but standing more vertically, isolated from spot 6. The latter (spot 6) more variable: it can be absent in both sexes (20%), but more frequently in the males, it can be vestigial and reduced to a few scales (25%), or well developed as a normal spot in the costal part (25%), or reniform, the upper part then smaller (30%). Red patagia and red abdominal cingulum present on one segment, well developed in females, reduced or vestigial in males. The abdominal cingulum can even be absent or reduced to only a few red lateral scales (20%).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Specimens from two other populations that are not from the type-locality are well separated geographically and differ slightly from the type-series; while they can be assigned to oseyii subsp. n., they are not included in the type-series.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="170">
In specimens from Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh (Figs 13-18), spot 6 is always present and larger, the black ground colour of the males is more bluish and the hindwing border is narrower with a very weak expansion at the apex. In specimens from Kuh-e Khash-Chal (Figs 19-21), spots 5 and 6 are mostly closer together and occasionally they are even connected to each other. Otherwise both populations look similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. from the type-locality (Figs 10-12). The difference between oseyii ssp. n. (Figs 10-21) and the nominotypical subspecies from the type-locality in the Alam-Kuh region (Figs 4-6) is extraordinarily strong. In contrast to the nominotypical population from Hezarchal (and from those from Dizin-Shemshak and from Kuh-e Tochal), the more north-westerly located populations (Figs 10-21) from between Kuh-e Khash-Chal and Kuh-e Samamus do not exhibit a tendency for melanism. The hindwings are red with a variable broad border and are never darkened, while the border never forms a
<normalizedToken originalValue="“tooth”">&quot;tooth&quot;</normalizedToken>
along the anal vein. Spot 6 is either strongly reduced or predominantly completely missing in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. speciosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="speciosa">Zygaena speciosa speciosa</taxonomicName>
, while it is predominantly present or at least vestigial in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. Not a single specimen from all of these three new localities can be confused with specimens from Alam Kuh, Dizin-Shemshak or from Kuh-e Tochal, nor can any single specimen from these localities be incorporated into the series of oseyii ssp. n. The localities of the most easterly population of oseyii ssp. n. (Kuh-e Khash-Chal) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. speciosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="speciosa">Zygaena speciosa speciosa</taxonomicName>
are less than 40 km from each other as the crow flies and, surprisingly, the population nearest to the Alam-Kuh population even exhibits the most reddish forms of all three known populations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="171" start="start">Genitalia</pageBreakToken>
. Differences in genitalia structures within species-groups of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zygaena</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Hofmann, A Tremewan WG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" pagination="119 - 131" title="A revised check-list of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Zygaeninae), based on the biospecies concept." volume="61" year="2010">Hofmann and Tremewan 2010</bibRefCitation>
) are often poor, especially in the manlia-group, and significant characters for separating closely related taxa are obviously lacking (
<bibRefCitation author="Hofmann, A" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" pagination="233 - 248" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 in Iran (Zygaenidae). Part IX: On two newly discovered Mesembrynus taxa from the central and southern Zagros range." volume="33" year="2011">Hofmann and Keil 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 244-245), which is why fertile hybrid-crossings in captivity were relatively easily to obtain (
<bibRefCitation pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Hofmann 2000b</bibRefCitation>
, Hofmann and Kia-
<bibRefCitation author="Hofmann, A Tremewan WG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="9" pageNumber="176" pagination="119 - 131" title="A revised check-list of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Zygaeninae), based on the biospecies concept." volume="61" year="2010">Hofmann 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
We found slight differences in the uncus and lamina dorsalis of the male genitalia between
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. speciosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="speciosa">Zygaena speciosa speciosa</taxonomicName>
(Figs 30-32, 36, 37) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. (Figs 33-35, 38, 39), but we do not interpret them as prezygotic mechanisms of isolation. The uncus of the nominotypical subspecies is more cone-shaped, attenuated at the end (compare Figs 30 and 33), while the lamina dorsalis is broadest at the middle part and becomes narrower toward the base (compare Figs 31 and 34), in contrast to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. in which this structure is more pyramidal-like, broadest at its base. However, there may be variation in these structures and even if dissections of a series would confirm these as constant characters, they would nevertheless not prevent successful pairings, but may reflect strict isolation with diverse developments in the post-glacial period. Furthermore, if one takes the 100% separation in phenotype into account, a clear tendency for species-specific differentiation on the way to distinct biospecies becomes obvious.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="bionomics">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Bionomics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
Detailed data on the bionomics with figures of larvae, host-plants and biotopes, together with a distribution map that includes the populations of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n., have been provided by
<bibRefCitation author="Hofmann, A" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="8" pageNumber="175" pagination="25 - 52" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Zygaena Fabricius, 1775 in Iran (Zygaenidae). Part VIII: Bionomics of high-mountain species in the Alborz Mountains and adjacent areas (introduction; Z. speciosa, Z. cacuminum)." volume="31" year="2008">
Hofmann and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kia–Hofmann">Kia-Hofmann</normalizedToken>
(2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 25-49). At all three localities,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. is syntopic with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena carniolica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carniolica">Zygaena carniolica</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="171" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
In addition to the type-locality,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. is known from two further sites, both of which are located further east of the Kuh-e Samamus (Fig. 22). All three sites are situated at altitudes between 3270 and 3700 m. A gap of ca. 40 km between ssp. oseyii and ssp. speciosa remains unexplored. Further prospecting, especially in the Kuh-e Sialan region, will show that either there is a transitional zone with mixed populations or a sharp divide between the melanistic and
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘normal’">'normal'</normalizedToken>
forms.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
Figures 22-29.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n., habitats, bionomics. 22. Bolder scree habitat (foreground) near Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh with view to type-locality (arrow) at Kuh-e Samamus around 20 km as the crow flies north-west. Note the clouds coming up from the Caspian Sea and reaching the northern slopes of the higher Alborz Mountain Chains. 23. Female moth nectaring on high-mountain composite
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Jurinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Jurinella frigida" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frigida">Jurinella frigida</taxonomicName>
(Boiss.) Wagenitz (
<taxonomicName authority="Kukkonen, 1996 (C.B.Clarke)" authorityName="Kukkonen, 1996 (C.B.Clarke)" class="Liliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Compositae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Compositae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
) (Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010). 24. On
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Thymus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thymus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thymus</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName family="Lamiaceae" genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
) (Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010). 25.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Valeriana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Valeriana sisymbrifolia" order="Dipsacales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sisymbrifolia">Valeriana sisymbrifolia</taxonomicName>
Kabath (
<taxonomicName family="Valerianaceae" genus="Valerianaceae" lsidName="Valerianaceae" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" rank="family">Valerianaceae</taxonomicName>
) was the only nectar plant noted at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390-3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 26. Cushion zone at Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, habitat of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosa">Zygaena speciosa</taxonomicName>
and a high-mountain population of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena carniolica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carniolica">Zygaena carniolica</taxonomicName>
. 27. Foggy weather conditions during the flight period of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. at its most eastern habitat at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390-3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 28. Ovipositing female (arrow) on larval host-plant (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Semenovia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Semenovia tragioides" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tragioides">Semenovia tragioides</taxonomicName>
(Boiss.) Manden,
<taxonomicName family="Apiaceae" genus="Apiaceae" lsidName="Apiaceae" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
) at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390-3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 29. Cocoon with exuviae on the underside of limestone beside the flowering host-plant (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Semenovia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Semenovia tragioides" order="Apiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tragioides">Semenovia tragioides</taxonomicName>
), Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="171">
Figures 30-39. Diagnostic characters of male genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. speciosa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="speciosa">Zygaena speciosa speciosa</taxonomicName>
(30- 32, 36, 37) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Zygaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zygaena speciosa subsp. oseyii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="speciosa" subSpecies="oseyii">Zygaena speciosa oseyii</taxonomicName>
ssp. n. (33- 35, 38, 39). 30, 33. Uncus-tegumen complex. 31, 34. Lamina dorsalis. 32, 35. Lamina ventralis. 36, 38. Valva with vinculum and saccus. 37, 39. Phallus (Aedoeagus sensu Alberti, 1958) with cornuti.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>