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<mods:title id="7A4318ADD0977DEE344B6D3DFA070176">Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica</mods:title>
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<treatment id="E77F1220AB02BF0D5F99F8E6FEE02A2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB02BF0D5F99F8E6FEE02A2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E77F1220AB02BF0D5F99F8E6FEE02A2C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F99F8E6FF4B2F2F" bold="true" box="[136,178,1814,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">1.6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5FACF8E6FD552F2F" ID-CoL="XFM6" authority="Bentham (1846: 176)" authorityName="Bentham" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1846" box="[189,684,1814,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5FACF8E6FE4C2F2E" bold="true" box="[189,437,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Commelina leiocarpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5EACF8E6FD552F2F" author="Bentham, G." box="[445,684,1814,1840]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="145 - 195" refId="ref10992" refString="Bentham, G. (1846) The botany of the voyage of H. M. S Sulphur. Smith, Elder and Co., London, 195 pp., 60 pls. [published on this date: pp. 145 - 195, pls. 51 - 60]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 908" type="book chapter" year="1846">Bentham (1846: 176)</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB02BF0C5F99F8B1FC802F4B" box="[136,889,1854,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F99F8B1FF6F2F4C" box="[136,150,1857,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB02BF0C5F8DF8CEFC802F4B" author="Hemsley, W. B." box="[156,889,1854,1876]" page=")" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" year="1885">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5F8DF8CEFC802F4B" ID-CoL="67WJZ" authority="(Benth.) Benth. &amp; Hook. f. ex Hemsley (1885: 386)" authorityName="Hemsley" authorityPageNumber="386" authorityYear="1885" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[156,889,1854,1876]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Athyrocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiocarpus">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F8DF8CEFE712F4C" box="[156,392,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Athyrocarpus leiocarpus</emphasis>
(Benth.) Benth. &amp; Hook.f.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5D80F8CEFD5F2F4C" box="[657,678,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">ex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5DBCF8CEFC802F4B" author="Hemsley, W. B." box="[685,889,1854,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="129 - 155" refId="ref12752" refString="Hemsley, W. B. (1885) Enumeration of the Incompletae, Monocotyledones, and Cryptogamic Vasculares, with descriptions of new species. In: Godman, F. D. &amp; Salvin, O. (Eds.) Biologia Centrali-Americana, Botany, vol. 3. R. H. Porter and Dulau &amp; Co., London, 711 pp. Herter, W. G. F. (1940) Plantae uruguayenses novae vel criticae. Revista Sudamericana de Botanica 6: 129 - 155." type="book chapter" year="1885">Hemsley (1885: 386)</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB02BF0C5F99F895FD352F68" box="[136,716,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F99F895FF6F2F68" box="[136,150,1893,1911]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB02BF0C5F8DF892FD352F68" author="Hasskarl, J. K." box="[156,716,1890,1912]" page=")" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" year="1866">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5F8DF892FD352F68" ID-CoL="4FPLQ" authority="(Benth.) Hasskarl (1866: 212)" authorityName="Hasskarl" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1866" baseAuthorityName="Benth." box="[156,716,1890,1912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeosphaerion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiocarpum">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F8DF892FE552F68" box="[156,428,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Phaeosphaerion leiocarpum</emphasis>
(Benth.)
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5D19F892FD352F68" author="Hasskarl, J. K." box="[520,716,1890,1912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="209 - 216" refId="ref12732" refString="Hasskarl, J. K. (1866) Ueber die Commelinaceen. Flora 49: 209 - 216." type="journal article" year="1866">Hasskarl (1866: 212)</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5F99F876FF3B2F84" bold="true" box="[136,194,1926,1947]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Type:</emphasis>
—
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. Tiger Island, Gulf of Fonseca,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5D80F876FD4A2F84" box="[657,691,1926,1947]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">s.d.</emphasis>
,
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<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5DAEF876FD282F84" box="[703,721,1926,1947]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Sinclair s.n.
</emphasis>
(
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[designated by
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5B5AF876FAEB2F84" author="Hassemer, G." box="[1099,1298,1926,1948]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="15 - 23" refId="ref12545" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 b) Typification of five neotropical species of Commelina (Commelinaceae). Phytotaxa 350: 15 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 350.1.2" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018b: 17</bibRefCitation>
] K-000363260! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB02BF0C5FD2F85AFEEF2FA0" box="[195,278,1962,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Commelina formosa (Anonymous s.n., E-00373670). Copyright: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875491/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
Figure
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in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5E24F85AFE222FDF" author="Hassemer, G." box="[309,475,1962,1984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="15 - 23" refId="ref12545" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 b) Typification of five neotropical species of Commelina (Commelinaceae). Phytotaxa 350: 15 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 350.1.2" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018b</bibRefCitation>
];
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K-000363261!).
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB03BF0D5F99FF50FD8828AA" box="[136,625,159,181]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB03BF0D5F8DFF6FFD8828AA" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[156,625,159,181]" page=")" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5F8DFF6FFD8828AA" ID-CoL="4FPLP" authority="Clarke (1881: 136)" authorityName="Clarke" authorityPageNumber="136" authorityYear="1881" box="[156,625,159,181]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeosphaerion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="efoveolatum">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F8DFF6FFE4D28AB" box="[156,436,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Phaeosphaerion efoveolatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5EABFF6FFD8828AA" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[442,625,159,181]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="113 - 324" refId="ref11413" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1881) Commelinaceae. In: de Candolle, A. L. P. P. &amp; de Candolle, A. C. P. (Eds.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, vol. 3. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 113 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1881">Clarke (1881: 136)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FF35FD2C28C8" blockId="9.[136,1451,159,287]" box="[136,725,194,216]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB03BF0D5F99FF35FD2C28C8" box="[136,725,194,216]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FF35FF6F28C8" box="[136,150,197,215]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB03BF0D5F8DFF32FD2C28C8" author="Kuntze, C. E. O." box="[156,725,194,216]" page=")" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" year="1898">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5F8DFF32FD2C28C8" ID-CoL="5W8JZ" authority="(C. B. Clarke) Kuntze (1898: 319)" authorityName="Kuntze" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1898" baseAuthorityName="C. B. Clarke" box="[156,725,194,216]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Athyrocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="efoveolatus">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F8DFF32FE6928C8" box="[156,400,194,215]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Athyrocarpus efoveolatus</emphasis>
(C.B.Clarke)
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D08FF33FD2C28C8" author="Kuntze, C. E. O." box="[537,725,194,216]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref13471" refString="Kuntze, C. E. O. (1898) Revisio Generum Plantarum, vol. 3. A. Felix, Leipzig, 576 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 327" type="book" year="1898">Kuntze (1898: 319)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FF16FF3B28E4" bold="true" box="[136,194,230,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB03BF0D5FCAFF16FE9528E4" box="[219,364,230,251]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB03BF0D5E64FF16FE4628E4" box="[373,447,230,251]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Aragua</collectingRegion>
: prope coloniam Tovar [Colonia Tovar],
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,
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5CF3FF15FB7E28E4" box="[994,1159,229,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1854-10-25">25 October 1854</date>
–
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5B85FF15FACE28E4" box="[1172,1335,229,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1855-01-25">25 January 1855</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5A52FF16FF142900" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5A52FF16FAAC28E4" box="[1347,1365,230,251]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Fendler 1555
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5FEBFEF9FEAD2900" box="[250,340,265,287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E70FEF9FDFB2900" bold="true" box="[353,514,265,287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">designated here</emphasis>
] GH-00029569! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5DBFFEF9FCFA2900" box="[686,771,265,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[187,1400,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lectotype of Phaeosphaerion efoveolatum (A. Fendler 1555, GH-00029569). Copyright: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. Available online at: https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_search.php?mode=details&amp;id=42717" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875503/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Figure 8</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB03BF0D5F99FEBBFCF6297E" box="[136,783,331,353]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB03BF0D5F8DFEBBFCF6297E" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[156,783,331,353]" page=")" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5F8DFEBBFCF6297E" ID-CoL="5QMPQ" authority="Clarke (1881: 136 - 137)" authorityName="Clarke" authorityPageNumber="136 - 137" authorityYear="1881" box="[156,783,331,353]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeosphaerion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="efoveolatum" variety="repens">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F8DFEBBFE4D297F" box="[156,436,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Phaeosphaerion efoveolatum</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5EF5FEBBFDDA297F" box="[484,547,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">repens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D38FEBBFCF6297E" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[553,783,331,353]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="113 - 324" refId="ref11413" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1881) Commelinaceae. In: de Candolle, A. L. P. P. &amp; de Candolle, A. C. P. (Eds.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, vol. 3. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 113 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1881">Clarke (1881: 136–137)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB03BF0D5F99FE9FFEE02A2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FE9FFC65299A" blockId="9.[136,924,331,389]" box="[136,924,367,389]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FE9FFF3B299B" bold="true" box="[136,194,367,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type:</emphasis>
—COUNTRY UNKNOWN.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5ECCFE9FFDF8299B" box="[477,513,367,388]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5ECCFE9FFE12299B" box="[477,491,367,388]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.d.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5D1CFE9FFD5D299B" box="[525,676,367,388]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5DA1FE9FFCFF299A" box="[688,774,367,389]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
G-00301518!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FE5DFEE02A2C" blockId="9.[136,1452,428,563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FE5DFF2D29D8" bold="true" box="[136,212,429,455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5EA9FE5DFCD229D9" authority="(Clarke 1881: 136)" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityPageNumber="136" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[440,811,428,455]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeosphaerion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="efoveolatum">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5EA9FE5DFDA029D9" box="[440,601,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">P.efoveolatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D75FE5CFCDA29D9" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[612,803,428,455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="113 - 324" refId="ref11413" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1881) Commelinaceae. In: de Candolle, A. L. P. P. &amp; de Candolle, A. C. P. (Eds.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, vol. 3. G. Masson, Paris, pp. 113 - 324, pls. 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45961" type="book chapter" year="1881">Clarke 1881: 136</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on original specimens: “
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB03BF0D5F83FE20FEF229F5" box="[146,267,464,490]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, prope Tovar (Fendler n. 1555)”.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D92FE21FD7529F4" box="[643,652,465,491]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate only one original specimen (GH-00029569—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5A73FE20FF6E2A10" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[187,1400,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lectotype of Phaeosphaerion efoveolatum (A. Fendler 1555, GH-00029569). Copyright: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. Available online at: https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_search.php?mode=details&amp;id=42717" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875503/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Figure 8</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5FEBFE05FEFA2A10" box="[250,259,501,527]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5EC3FE04FDC52A11" box="[466,572,500,526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Here
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D94FE05FD772A10" box="[645,654,501,527]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am following the concept of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5CCBFE05FB9E2A11" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1846" box="[986,1127,500,527]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiocarpa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5CCBFE05FB9E2A11" box="[986,1127,500,527]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. leiocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5BBBFE05FACD2A10" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[1194,1332,501,527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref13066" refString="Hunt, D. R. (1994) Commelinaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa-Sanchez, M. &amp; Chater, A. O. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, pp. 157 - 173." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hunt (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5A7DFE05FEEC2A2C" author="Grant, J. R. &amp; Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="386 - 409" refId="ref12297" refString="Grant, J. R., Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E. (2003) Commelinaceae. In: Hammel, B. E., Grayum, M. H., Herrera, C. &amp; Zamora, N. (Eds.) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, vol. 2. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp. 386 - 409." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Grant
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FDE9FF392A2D" box="[136,192,536,562]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

355
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
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<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FA88FC692D8D" blockId="9.[136,1451,1400,1534]" box="[136,912,1400,1427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<heading id="3421145AAB03BF0D5F99FA88FC692D8D" box="[136,912,1400,1427]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FA88FF4B2D8D" bold="true" box="[136,178,1400,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">1.8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5FACFA88FCB22D8D" ID-CoL="XFPW" authority="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow (1816" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[189,843,1400,1427]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5FACFA88FE602D8C" bold="true" box="[189,409,1400,1427]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Commelina pallida</emphasis>
Humb. &amp; Bonpl.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5D75FA89FD842D8D" box="[612,637,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">ex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D92FA88FCB22D8D" author="Willdenow, C. L." box="[643,843,1400,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref15534" refString="Willdenow, C. L. (1816) Hortus Berolinensis. F. Schuppel, Berlin, 108 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95606" type="journal volume" year="1816">Willdenow (1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: t. 87)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB03BF0A5F99FA50FCAA2B7A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FA50FED82DE1" blockId="9.[136,1451,1400,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FA50FF3B2DAA" bold="true" box="[136,194,1440,1461]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB03BF0D5FCAFA50FEAD2DAA" box="[219,340,1440,1461]" name="Germany" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
. Cultivated at the
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB03BF0D5D12FA50FDC62DA9" box="[515,575,1440,1462]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Berlin</collectingRegion>
Botanic Garden, from seeds most likely originated in Mexico (see discussion below),
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5A95FA50FA5F2DAA" box="[1412,1446,1440,1461]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">s.d.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5FACFA34FEAF2DC5" box="[189,342,1476,1498]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5E75FA34FE472DC5" box="[356,446,1476,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5EDDFA34FD972DC6" bold="true" box="[460,622,1476,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">designated here</emphasis>
]
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D6CFA34FD742DC6" box="[637,653,1476,1497]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5C1EFA34FC8A2DC5" box="[783,883,1476,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1010-01-05">01051010</date>
! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5C92FA34FC1A2DC6" box="[899,995,1476,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lectotype of Commelina diffusa var. cordispatha (O. Rohweder 882, HBG-514345). Copyright: Universität Hamburg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875518/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
Figure
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</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5B15FA34FB502DC6" author="Hassemer, G." box="[1028,1193,1476,1497]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018a</bibRefCitation>
], plant on the right side of the sheet).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99F9D5FB242F2A" blockId="9.[136,1452,1573,2091]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99F9D5FF2D2E20" bold="true" box="[136,212,1573,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Notes:</emphasis>
—Previously, in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5E87F9D5FD6C2E20" author="Hassemer, G." box="[406,661,1573,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer (2018a: 39)</bibRefCitation>
,
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proposed to designate the “specimen”
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5B7EF9D5FB7B2E20" box="[1135,1154,1573,1599]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5A0BF9D5FA722E5F" box="[1306,1419,1573,1600]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1010-01-05">01051010</date>
as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5F99F9B8FF162E7D" box="[136,239,1608,1634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5E30F9B8FE6A2E7D" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[289,403,1608,1634]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E30F9B8FE6A2E7D" box="[289,403,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, with further study of the complicated circumstances associated with this name
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5AB3F9B9FA522E7C" box="[1442,1451,1609,1635]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
came to realise that this sheet in fact includes two distinct specimens. One of them, the plant on the left side of the sheet, appears to have been collected by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland somewhere in the Americas, most likely in
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB03BF0D5E23F941FE732ED4" box="[306,394,1713,1739]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, considering the information provided in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5C7CF942FB152ED3" author="von Humboldt, F. W. H. A. &amp; Bonpland, A. J. A. &amp; Kunth, K. S." box="[877,1260,1713,1740]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref12913" refString="von Humboldt, F. W. H. A., Bonpland, A. J. A. &amp; Kunth, K. S. (1816) Nova Genera et Species Plantarum, vol 1. Librairie Grecque-Latine- Allemande, Paris, 377 pp., 96 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 640" type="book" year="1816">
von Humboldt
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5B0CF942FBA12ED4" box="[1053,1112,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
(1816: 259)
</bibRefCitation>
: “
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5A17F942FBF42EF0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
Crescit in alta planitie Mexicana inter
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB03BF0D5E8EF925FDEB2EF0" box="[415,530,1749,1775]" country="Mexico" name="Queretaro de Arteaga" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Queretaro</collectingRegion>
et San Juan del Rio, alt. 950—1100 hexap.
</emphasis>
”. The plant on the right side of the sheet is indicated to have been cultivated in the Berlin Botanic Garden. Therefore, the sheet comprises two distinct gatherings, and for this reason my previous typification (in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5C33F8ECFBFE2F2A" author="Hassemer, G." box="[802,1031,1819,1846]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018a: 39</bibRefCitation>
) was not effective.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5FACF8CEFF0F2034" blockId="9.[136,1452,1573,2091]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
The folder in which the sheet
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D05F8CFFDDE2F46" box="[532,551,1855,1881]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5DACF8CEFCD72F46" box="[701,814,1854,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1010-01-05">01051010</date>
in contained,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5CC1F8CFFC0A2F47" box="[976,1011,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">i.e.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5CEAF8CFFBF72F46" box="[1019,1038,1855,1881]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5BB5F8CEFAEE2F46" box="[1188,1303,1854,1881]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1000-01-05">01051000</date>
, is annotated “
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F85F891FDF62F64" box="[148,527,1889,1916]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Habitat in America meridionali</emphasis>
”, probably by Willdenow himself. This apparently incorrect information on provenance nevertheless matches that which was provided in the protologue (
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5CECF875FB462F80" author="Willdenow, C. L." box="[1021,1215,1925,1951]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref15534" refString="Willdenow, C. L. (1816) Hortus Berolinensis. F. Schuppel, Berlin, 108 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95606" type="journal volume" year="1816">Willdenow 1816</bibRefCitation>
: t. 87). Furthermore, in the protologue, Willdenow stated “Colitur aestate sub dio, aservatur hyeme in caldario. Floret aestate, seminaque perficit. Propagatur seminibus et divisione radicis”, which attests that the species was being cultivated at the
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB03BF0D5A74F83BFA522FFA" box="[1381,1451,1995,2021]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Berlin</collectingRegion>
Botanic Garden. For this reason,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D10F81FFDF32016" box="[513,522,2031,2057]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here the plant on the right side of the sheet
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5B62F81FFB7F2016" box="[1139,1158,2031,2057]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW
<date id="1B6885F6AB03BF0D5A0AF81EFA752016" box="[1307,1420,2030,2057]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" value="1010-01-05">01051010</date>
as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5F99F7E1FF0B2034" box="[136,242,2065,2091]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB00BF0E5F99F851FAAC2FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875499/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" startId="10.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[190,1397,190,1928]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB00BF0E5F99F851FAAC2FC4" blockId="10.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB00BF0E5F99F851FF042FA9" bold="true" box="[136,253,1953,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB00BF0E5E92F851FD572FA8" baseAuthorityName="Fernald" baseAuthorityYear="1940" box="[387,686,1953,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" form="intercursa" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB00BF0E5E92F851FDCB2FA8" box="[387,562,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Commelina erecta</emphasis>
f.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB00BF0E5D5DF852FD572FA8" box="[588,686,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">intercursa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB00BF0E5DAAF852FC252FA9" box="[699,988,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">M.L. Fernald &amp; B. Long 8643</emphasis>
, GH-00029550). Copyright: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. Available online at: https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_search.php?mode=details&amp;id=125314
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB01BF0F5F99F851FAFC2FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875501" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875501/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" startId="11.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[227,1361,190,1928]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB01BF0F5F99F851FAFC2FC4" blockId="11.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB01BF0F5F99F851FEFB2FA9" bold="true" box="[136,258,1953,1975]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB01BF0F5E87F851FD0A2FA8" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[406,755,1953,1975]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="virginica" variety="massonii">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB01BF0F5E87F851FD9C2FA8" box="[406,613,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Commelina virginica</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB01BF0F5D8FF852FD0A2FA8" box="[670,755,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">massonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB01BF0F5C17F852FC842FA8" box="[774,893,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Masson s.n.</emphasis>
, BM-013399191). Copyright: Natural History Museum (London). Available online at: https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/bf78c50d-927b-461b-99ab-e844ddb44c36/1567036800000
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB06BF085F99F851FB0D2FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875503" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875503/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" startId="12.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[187,1400,190,1928]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB06BF085F99F851FB0D2FC4" blockId="12.[136,1452,1953,2011]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB06BF085F99F851FEFB2FA9" bold="true" box="[136,258,1953,1975]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB06BF085E87F851FD4B2FA9" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[406,690,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Phaeosphaerion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="efoveolatum">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB06BF085E87F851FD4B2FA9" box="[406,690,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Phaeosphaerion efoveolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB06BF085DD4F851FC922FA9" box="[709,875,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">A. Fendler 1555</emphasis>
, GH-00029569). Copyright: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. Available online at: https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_search.php?mode=details&amp;id=42717
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB07BF095F99F8A4FB152F75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875507" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875507" box="[136,1260,1876,1898]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875507/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" startId="13.[136,229,1876,1898]" targetBox="[138,1448,190,1852]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB07BF095F99F8A4FB152F75" blockId="13.[136,1260,1876,1898]" box="[136,1260,1876,1898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB07BF095F99F8A4FF042F76" bold="true" box="[136,253,1876,1898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB07BF095E92F8A4FDC12F76" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[387,568,1876,1897]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB07BF095E92F8A4FDC12F76" box="[387,568,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Commelina glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB07BF095D57F8A5FD002F75" box="[582,761,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">E.C. Rodschied 74</emphasis>
, GOET-000946). Copyright: Universität Göttingen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5FACFF6FFDB3298F" blockId="14.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
It is important to note that
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5EF3FF6EFC5828A7" author="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R." box="[482,929,158,185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref11534" refString="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R. (1995) Commelinaceae. In: Riba y Nava, R., de Luna, E., Flores, F., Galvan, R. &amp; Cifuentes, J. (Eds.) Las Monocotiledoneas Mexicanas, vol. 4. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de Mexico and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa, Mexico City, pp. 3 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1995">Espejo-Serna &amp; López-Ferrari (1995: 8)</bibRefCitation>
did not (inadvertently) lectotypify the name
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5A83FF6FFF2E28C3" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A83FF6FFF2E28C3" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because the specimen they cited as “
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5D95FF32FD3B28C3" box="[644,706,194,220]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">TIPO</collectionCode>
”,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5DCFFF33FCF928C3" box="[734,768,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">i.e.</emphasis>
“
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB04BF0A5C00FF32FC7F28C3" box="[785,902,194,220]" country="Mexico" name="Queretaro de Arteaga" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Querétaro</collectingRegion>
, crescit in alta planitie mexicana inter
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB04BF0A5A2AFF32FA5228C3" box="[1339,1451,194,220]" country="Mexico" name="Queretaro de Arteaga" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Querétaro</collectingRegion>
et
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB04BF0A5FB6FF16FEF7291E" box="[167,270,230,257]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="San Juan/Laventille" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">San Juan</collectingRegion>
del Río, alt 950-1100 hex [
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB04BF0A5D44FF16FD0E291E" box="[597,759,230,257]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.876" metricValueMax="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMin="1.7369999999999997" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="1876.0" valueMax="2015.0" valueMin="1737.0">1737-2015 m</quantity>
]. Floret Augusto, [
<date id="1B6885F6AB04BF0A5CC1FF16FBB1291F" box="[976,1096,230,256]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="1803-08">VIII-1803</date>
],
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5B4EFF17FA52291F" box="[1119,1451,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5B4EFF17FB8A291E" box="[1119,1139,231,257]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Humboldt &amp;
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5A0DFF17FAC9291E" box="[1308,1328,231,257]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Bonpland
</emphasis>
(P-Bonpl.)” (referring to the specimen P-00669531), cannot be considered original material for this name, as there is no evidence that Willdenow ever saw this specimen. This is further corroborated by the match of the (apparently incorrect) information on provenance provided in the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5C91FEA3FC092973" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[896,1008,338,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5C91FEA3FC092973" box="[896,1008,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and annotated on the folder (
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5A29FEA2FAB22973" box="[1336,1355,338,364]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW01051000) containing the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5ECDFE86FDBF298F" box="[476,582,374,400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5FACFE6BFB6829E3" blockId="14.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5FACFE6BFF3F29AA" box="[189,198,411,437]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
also need to remark that the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5DB2FE6BFCEB29AB" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[675,786,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5DB2FE6BFCEB29AB" box="[675,786,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
informs the colour of the petals of the species as pallid blue (“pallide coerulea”), which was later confirmed in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5DD2FE4FFBCD29C6" author="von Humboldt, F. W. H. A. &amp; Bonpland, A. J. A. &amp; Kunth, K. S." box="[707,1076,446,473]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" refId="ref12913" refString="von Humboldt, F. W. H. A., Bonpland, A. J. A. &amp; Kunth, K. S. (1816) Nova Genera et Species Plantarum, vol 1. Librairie Grecque-Latine- Allemande, Paris, 377 pp., 96 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 640" type="book" year="1816">
von Humboldt
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5C7CFE4FFC5F29C7" box="[877,934,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">et al.</emphasis>
(1816: 259)
</bibRefCitation>
: “pallide caerulea”. Previously, in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5F99FE13FE7B29E3" author="Hassemer, G." box="[136,386,482,509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer (2018a: 39)</bibRefCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5E9CFE13FE6F29E2" box="[397,406,483,509]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
mentioned that the species has white flowers, which was a mistake.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5FACFDF7FDE22ACA" blockId="14.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5FACFDF7FE862A3F" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[189,383,518,545]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref13066" refString="Hunt, D. R. (1994) Commelinaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa-Sanchez, M. &amp; Chater, A. O. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, pp. 157 - 173." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hunt (1994: 173)</bibRefCitation>
stated that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5EEEFDF7FD972A3F" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[511,622,518,545]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5EEEFDF7FD972A3F" box="[511,622,518,545]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5DB4FDF7FC6A2A3F" authority="Matuda" authorityName="Matuda" box="[677,915,518,545]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="texcocana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5DB4FDF7FCCE2A3F" box="[677,823,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. texcocana</emphasis>
Matuda
</taxonomicName>
are not synonymous, with which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5A1DFDF7FAEC2A3E" box="[1292,1301,519,545]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
agree. Based on comparison of the morphology of
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5D3CFDDBFDA42A5A" box="[557,605,555,581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">type</typeStatus>
specimens,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5DF6FDDBFD092A5A" box="[743,752,555,581]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am convinced that the most similar species to
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A11FDDBFA892A5B" box="[1280,1392,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
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is
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A83FDDBFF2E2A77" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. bravoa</emphasis>
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(see above). The available records indicate that
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5DE5FDBFFC9D2A77" box="[756,868,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
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is endemic to
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. Further study is necessary to ascertain the circumscription of
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5EE6FD83FD902A93" box="[503,617,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. pallida</emphasis>
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and clarify the distribution (and consequently the conservation status) of this species. Unfortunately, it is possible that the species is no longer extant, as all known gatherings were most likely made during the nineteenth century.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5FACFD2EFE5F2AE7" bold="true" box="[189,422,734,760]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Specimens studied:</emphasis>
—
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. Cultivated at the
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Botanic Garden,
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,
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(
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[plant on the right side of the sheet]).
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.l.
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(G-00489184);
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.l.
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,
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(G-00489187);
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.
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.
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.
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. von Humboldt &amp;
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.
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.
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. Bonpland s.n.
</emphasis>
(
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barcode BW
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[plant on the left side of the sheet], P-00669531).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5F8DFCFBFDF92B3F" ID-CoL="XFJW" authority="Meyer (1818: 22)" authorityName="Meyer" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1818" box="[156,512,779,800]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F8DFCFBFEA92B3F" box="[156,336,779,800]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Commelina glabra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5E47FCFBFDF92B3F" author="Meyer, G. F. W." box="[342,512,779,800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref13958" refString="Meyer, G. F. W. (1818) Primitiae Florae Essequeboensis. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 316 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49397" type="book" year="1818">Meyer (1818: 22)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5D1FFCFBFD9D2B3F" bold="true" box="[526,612,779,800]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">syn. nov.</emphasis>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FCC2FD102B5A" blockId="9.[136,1115,779,873]" box="[136,745,815,837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB03BF0D5F99FCC2FD102B5A" box="[136,745,815,837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FCC2FF6F2B5B" box="[136,150,818,836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB03BF0D5F8DFCDFFD102B5A" author="Rohweder, O." box="[156,745,815,837]" page=")" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" year="1956">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5F8DFCDFFD102B5A" ID-CoL="XFJW" authority="(G. Mey.) Rohweder (1956: 160)" authorityName="Rohweder" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="G. Mey." box="[156,745,815,837]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" form="glabra" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F8DFCDFFEA82B5B" box="[156,337,815,836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Commelina diffusa</emphasis>
f.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E7DFCDFFE552B5B" box="[364,428,815,836]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">glabra</emphasis>
(G.Mey.)
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D1EFCDFFD102B5A" author="Rohweder, O." box="[527,745,815,837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 197" refId="ref14932" refString="Rohweder, O. (1956) Die Farinosae in der Vegetation von El Salvador. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Auslandskunde, Reihe C, Naturwissenschaften 18: 1 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110878301" type="journal article" year="1956">Rohweder (1956: 160)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB03BF0D5F99FCA3FBB12D4E" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FCA3FBA22B77" blockId="9.[136,1115,779,873]" box="[136,1115,851,873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FCA3FF3B2B77" bold="true" box="[136,194,851,872]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB03BF0D5FCAFCA3FEBA2B77" box="[219,323,851,872]" name="Guyana" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E5DFCA3FE892B77" box="[332,368,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5E5DFCA3FEA32B77" box="[332,346,851,872]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.d.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E6DFCA3FDD72B77" box="[380,558,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5E6DFCA3FE772B77" box="[380,398,851,872]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5E80FCA3FE5A2B77" box="[401,419,851,872]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Rodschied 74
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5D2AFCA3FD6C2B76" box="[571,661,851,873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5DB3FCA3FCBA2B77" bold="true" box="[674,835,851,873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">designated here</emphasis>
] GOET-000946! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5CE3FCA3FBBE2B77" box="[1010,1095,851,873]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lectotype of Commelina glabra (E.C. Rodschied 74, GOET-000946). Copyright: Universität Göttingen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875507/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Figure 9</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5F99FC60FBE32CDC" blockId="9.[136,1452,912,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5F99FC60FF2D2BB5" bold="true" box="[136,212,912,938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Notes:</emphasis>
—The
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5E34FC60FE752BB5" box="[293,396,912,938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5EA7FC60FDAC2BB5" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[438,597,912,938]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5EA7FC60FDAC2BB5" box="[438,597,912,938]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5D76FC60FD832BB5" box="[615,634,912,938]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW01060012—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5C8EFC60FBF52BB5" box="[927,1036,912,938]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-15@17.[213,1375,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lectotype of Commelina texcocana (E. Matuda 19249, MEXU-00090886). Copyright: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Available online at: https://datosabiertos.unam.mx/IBUNAM:MEXU:T90886" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875516/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
Figure
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB03BF0D5CE0FC60FBF52BB5" box="[1009,1036,912,938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="in" value="11.0">11</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5B24FC60FB0B2BB5" author="Hassemer, G." box="[1077,1266,912,938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018a</bibRefCitation>
) has no flowers or fruits, and would not be enough to determine the application of this name by itself. Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin published a nice illustration plate for the species (Plate
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB03BF0D5C0DFC26FC9E2BEF" box="[796,871,982,1008]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4676" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" unit="in" value="294.0">294 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5C63FC27FBBD2BEF" author="von Jacquin, N. J." box="[882,1092,982,1009]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" pagination="201 - 454" refId="ref13223" refString="von Jacquin, N. J. (1793) Icones plantarum rariorum, vol. 2. C. F. Wappler, Vienna, 22 pp., pls. 201 - 454." type="book chapter" year="1793">von Jacquin 1793</bibRefCitation>
), which however could not be considered original material because it was published two years after the name
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5B16FC0AFB5D2C0C" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[1031,1188,1017,1044]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5B16FC0AFB5D2C0C" box="[1031,1188,1017,1044]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, because this plate was published by von Jacquin himself, it attests the intention of the author, and determines the application of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5FB6FBB0FEBC2C45" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[167,325,1088,1114]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5FB6FBB0FEBC2C45" box="[167,325,1088,1114]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by displaying unequivocal taxonomic relevant characters, such as the presence of three staminodes with white antherodes (Hassemer 2019). Therefore, this plate has taxonomic importance for the application of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5A83FB93FEFD2CBF" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5A83FB93FEFD2CBF" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, despite not being original material for this name. In order to fix the correct application of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5BE9FB77FA6D2CBF" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[1272,1428,1158,1185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5BE9FB77FA6D2CBF" box="[1272,1428,1158,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5AB3FB77FA522CBE" box="[1442,1451,1159,1185]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate this illustration plate as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5D15FB59FDA02CDC" box="[516,601,1193,1219]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="epitype">epitype</typeStatus>
, in accordance with Art. 9.9 of the
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5CF3FB59FBEF2CDC" box="[994,1046,1193,1219]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">ICN</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB03BF0D5FACFB3CFBB12D4E" blockId="9.[136,1452,912,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5E9CFB3DFD3B2CF8" authority="(Meyer 1818: 22)" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityPageNumber="22" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[397,706,1228,1255]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E9CFB3DFE012CF9" box="[397,504,1228,1255]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. glabra</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB03BF0D5D14FB3DFD402CF8" author="Meyer, G. F. W." box="[517,697,1229,1255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" refId="ref13958" refString="Meyer, G. F. W. (1818) Primitiae Florae Essequeboensis. H. Dieterich, Gottingen, 316 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49397" type="book" year="1818">Meyer 1818: 22</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided no information on provenance or collector. Nevertheless,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB03BF0D5F99FB00FF682D15" box="[136,145,1264,1290]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate one original specimen (GOET-000946—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB03BF0D5C2BFB00FC622D15" box="[826,923,1264,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lectotype of Commelina glabra (E.C. Rodschied 74, GOET-000946). Copyright: Universität Göttingen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875507/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Figure 9</figureCitation>
), which is annotated
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5B9FFB00FB112D15" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1166,1256,1264,1290]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
“
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5B8BFB00FB112D15" box="[1178,1256,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5BF8FB00FAD72D15" box="[1257,1326,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">. mihi.</emphasis>
” by Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Meyer (Marc Appelhans, pers. comm.), and thus is designated here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB03BF0D5B70FAE3FB322D32" box="[1121,1227,1299,1325]" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Morphology of this specimen evidences that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5E8EFAC7FDF22D4E" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[415,523,1335,1361]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5E8EFAC7FDF22D4E" box="[415,523,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB03BF0D5CB5FAC7FBB82D4E" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[932,1089,1335,1361]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB03BF0D5CB5FAC7FBB82D4E" box="[932,1089,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F8DFBF2FE7B2C08" box="[156,386,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Phaeosphaerion rufipes</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99FAD5FF6F2D28" box="[136,150,1317,1335]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">≡</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F8DFAD2FE062D28" box="[156,511,1314,1335]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Phaeosphaerion pseudomonosperma</emphasis>
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.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5C54FAB6FCA12D44" box="[837,856,1350,1371]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
. Kuntze s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5CC4FAB6FBD62D43" box="[981,1071,1350,1372]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5B2AFAB6FB222D44" bold="true" box="[1083,1243,1350,1372]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">designated here</emphasis>
] NY-247408! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB04BF0A5A7BFAB6FF202D60" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[187,1400,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Lectotype of Athyrocarpus pseudomonosperma (C.E.O. Kuntze s.n., NY-247408). Copyright: New York Botanical Garden. Image courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium.Available online at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen-details/?irn=624808" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875512/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Figure 10</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB04BF0A5F99FA42FCB72DF4" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99FA42FD9C2DD7" blockId="14.[136,1451,1458,1588]" box="[136,613,1458,1480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB04BF0A5F99FA42FD9C2DD7" box="[136,613,1458,1480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB04BF0A5F8DFA42FD9C2DD7" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[156,613,1458,1480]" page=")" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" year="1981">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5F8DFA42FD9C2DD7" ID-CoL="XFVT" authority="Hunt (1981: 195 - 197)" authorityName="Hunt" authorityPageNumber="195 - 197" authorityYear="1981" box="[156,613,1458,1480]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelinopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabrata">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F8DFA42FE702DD8" box="[156,393,1458,1479]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Commelinopsis glabrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5E9FFA42FD9C2DD7" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[398,613,1458,1480]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="195 - 197" refId="ref12979" refString="Hunt, D. R. (1981) Precursory notes on Commelinaceae for the flora of Trinidad and Tobago. American Commelinaceae: X. Kew Bulletin 36: 195 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4119017" type="journal article" year="1981">Hunt (1981: 195–197)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99FA29FCB72DF4" blockId="14.[136,1451,1458,1588]" box="[136,846,1494,1516]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB04BF0A5F99FA29FCB72DF4" box="[136,846,1494,1516]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99FA29FF6F2DF4" box="[136,150,1497,1515]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB04BF0A5F8DFA26FCB72DF4" author="Faden, R. B. &amp; Hunt, D. R." box="[156,846,1494,1516]" page=")" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" year="1987">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5F8DFA26FCB72DF4" ID-CoL="5N85Q" authority="(D. R. Hunt) Faden &amp; Hunt (1987: 122)" authorityName="Faden &amp; Hunt" authorityPageNumber="122" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="D. R. Hunt" box="[156,846,1494,1516]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rufipes" variety="glabrata">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F8DFA26FEAA2DF4" box="[156,339,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Commelina rufipes</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5E93FA26FE2C2DF4" box="[386,469,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">glabrata</emphasis>
(D.R.Hunt)
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5D5FFA26FCB72DF4" author="Faden, R. B. &amp; Hunt, D. R." box="[590,846,1494,1516]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="121 - 122" refId="ref11864" refString="Faden, R. B. &amp; Hunt, D. R. (1987) Reunion of Phaeosphaerion and Commelinopsis with Commelina (Commelinaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 74: 121 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2399267" type="journal article" year="1987">Faden &amp; Hunt (1987: 122)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB04BF0A5F99FA0AFE4D2F4A" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99FA0AFD2F2E2C" blockId="14.[136,1451,1458,1588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99FA0AFF3B2E10" bold="true" box="[136,194,1530,1551]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB04BF0A5FCAFA0AFE0B2E10" box="[219,498,1530,1551]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO</collectingCountry>
. Trinidad, Irois Forest district under cacao trees in quantities,
<date id="1B6885F6AB04BF0A5B2AFA0AFB232E10" box="[1083,1242,1530,1552]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="1928-01-25">25 January 1928</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5BF2FA0AFA522E10" box="[1251,1451,1530,1551]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5BF2FA0AFB002E10" box="[1251,1273,1530,1551]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5BEDFA0AFAF42E10" box="[1276,1293,1530,1551]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. Broadway 6716
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5FD5F9EEFEE32E2B" box="[196,282,1566,1588]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
K-000363259! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB04BF0A5EA9F9EEFDF22E2B" box="[440,523,1566,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[190,1397,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lectotype of Commelina erecta f. intercursa (M.L. Fernald &amp; B. Long 8643, GH-00029550). Copyright: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University.Available online at: https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/specimen_search.php?mode=details&amp;id=125314" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875499/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
Figure
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB04BF0A5EEEF9EEFDF22E2B" box="[511,523,1566,1588]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="in" value="6.0">6</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5D3BF9EEFD3C2E2C" author="Hassemer, G." box="[554,709,1566,1587]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="101 - 117" refId="ref12456" refString="Hassemer, G. (2017) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae), and an identification key for Brazil, Guyana, Paraguay, Suriname and Uruguay. Phytotaxa 303: 101 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 303.2.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Hassemer 2017</bibRefCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99F992FE4D2F4A" blockId="14.[136,1452,1634,1877]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99F992FF2D2E63" bold="true" box="[136,212,1634,1660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5EAEF992FBE52E63" authority="(Kuntze 1898: 319)" baseAuthorityName="Kuntze" baseAuthorityPageNumber="319" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[447,1052,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Athyrocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudomonosperma">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5EAEF992FCC52E63" box="[447,828,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Athyrocarpus pseudomonosperma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5C5BF992FBED2E63" author="Kuntze, C. E. O." box="[842,1044,1634,1660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" refId="ref13471" refString="Kuntze, C. E. O. (1898) Revisio Generum Plantarum, vol. 3. A. Felix, Leipzig, 576 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 327" type="book" year="1898">Kuntze 1898: 319</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on the provenance of the species: “Mattogrosso im Sumpfwald bei Villa Maria”.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5B1EF977FBE12EBE" box="[1039,1048,1671,1697]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate only one original specimen (NY-247408—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB04BF0A5EB1F95AFDF42EDB" box="[416,525,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[187,1400,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Lectotype of Athyrocarpus pseudomonosperma (C.E.O. Kuntze s.n., NY-247408). Copyright: New York Botanical Garden. Image courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium.Available online at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen-details/?irn=624808" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875512/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Figure 10</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5D7CF95BFD8F2EDA" box="[621,630,1707,1733]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5C51F95AFC532EDB" box="[832,938,1706,1732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Morphology of the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5B9DF95AFB0A2EDB" box="[1164,1267,1706,1732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
indicates that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5A82F95BFE912EF7" baseAuthorityName="Kuntze" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Athyrocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudomonosperma">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A82F95BFE912EF7" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">A. pseudomonosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5C19F93FFC812EF7" authorityName="Seubert" authorityYear="1855" box="[776,888,1742,1769]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5C19F93FFC812EF7" box="[776,888,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. rufipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Here
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5CD5F93FFC342EF6" box="[964,973,1743,1769]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am following the concept of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5A0CF93FFA752EF7" authorityName="Seubert" authorityYear="1855" box="[1309,1420,1742,1769]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A0CF93FFA752EF7" box="[1309,1420,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. rufipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5FB7F903FEC92F13" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[166,304,1778,1805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref13066" refString="Hunt, D. R. (1994) Commelinaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa-Sanchez, M. &amp; Chater, A. O. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, pp. 157 - 173." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hunt (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5E78F902FDC72F13" author="Grant, J. R. &amp; Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E." box="[361,574,1778,1804]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="386 - 409" refId="ref12297" refString="Grant, J. R., Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E. (2003) Commelinaceae. In: Hammel, B. E., Grayum, M. H., Herrera, C. &amp; Zamora, N. (Eds.) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, vol. 2. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp. 386 - 409." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Grant
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5EA1F903FE132F13" box="[432,490,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
, but including
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5DF9F903FC082F13" authorityName="Faden &amp; Hunt" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="D. R. Hunt" box="[744,1009,1778,1805]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rufipes" variety="glabrata">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5DF9F903FCA12F13" box="[744,856,1778,1805]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. rufipes</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5C80F902FC082F13" box="[913,1009,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">glabrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as per
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5B55F903FAF12F13" author="Hassemer, G." box="[1092,1288,1778,1805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="101 - 117" refId="ref12456" refString="Hassemer, G. (2017) Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae), and an identification key for Brazil, Guyana, Paraguay, Suriname and Uruguay. Phytotaxa 303: 101 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 303.2.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Hassemer (2017)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5A05F902FE912F2F" baseAuthorityName="Kuntze" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Athyrocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudomonosperma">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5A05F902FE912F2F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Athyrocarpus pseudomonosperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been referred to in the literature (
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5C08F8E7FCB82F2F" box="[793,833,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">e.g.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5C5BF8E6FAF92F2F" author="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R." box="[842,1280,1814,1841]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref11534" refString="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R. (1995) Commelinaceae. In: Riba y Nava, R., de Luna, E., Flores, F., Galvan, R. &amp; Cifuentes, J. (Eds.) Las Monocotiledoneas Mexicanas, vol. 4. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de Mexico and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa, Mexico City, pp. 3 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1995">Espejo-Serna &amp; López-Ferrari 1995: 9</bibRefCitation>
) as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5FB7F8CBFE552F4B" authorityName="Faden &amp; Hunt" authorityYear="1987" baseAuthorityName="D. R. Hunt" box="[166,428,1850,1877]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rufipes" variety="glabrata">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5FB7F8CBFEEC2F4B" box="[166,277,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">C. rufipes</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5E5DF8CAFE552F4B" box="[332,428,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">glabrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:number id="D948BD3D345C8DE35F697AB9794FA49C">435</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7B2206C74FF76B08C530A6225C101F3B">2</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="DF13C84E4E2CFDB4CC7AE99D869D1642">
<mods:url id="1E014D26444DBA71F1663545699D9FAA">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.2</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D496865526E39CD6BCDEFBDA060AA755">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5F47E9D22996766518CD9103053499BA" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="163535FE02972ECBC98A6A80E607E5AF" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7E4AD3C5BD91077AD1AAA52BFA0E164B" type="Zenodo-Dep">13875483</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E77F1220AB04BF0B5F99F872FDD92A24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB04BF0B5F99F872FDD92A24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E77F1220AB04BF0B5F99F872FDD92A24" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB04BF0A5F99F872FD002F83" box="[136,761,1922,1949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99F872FD002F83" blockId="14.[136,1451,1922,2056]" box="[136,761,1922,1949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<heading id="3421145AAB04BF0A5F99F872FD002F83" box="[136,761,1922,1949]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99F872FF392F83" bold="true" box="[136,192,1922,1948]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">1.10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB04BF0A5FF9F872FD002F83" ID-CoL="5ZSFJ" authority="Matuda (1955 a: 60 - 61)" authorityName="Matuda" authorityPageNumber="60 - 61" authorityYear="1955" box="[232,761,1922,1949]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="texcocana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5FF9F872FE132F82" bold="true" box="[232,490,1922,1949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Commelina texcocana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5EE1F872FD002F83" author="Matuda, E." box="[496,761,1922,1949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="59 - 77" refId="ref13876" refString="Matuda, E. (1955 a) Nuevas comelinaceas de Mexico y Guatemala. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 26: 59 - 77." type="journal article" year="1955">Matuda (1955a: 60–61)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB04BF0A5F99F85AFDF32018" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB04BF0A5F99F85AFDF32018" blockId="14.[136,1451,1922,2056]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5F99F85AFF3B2FA0" bold="true" box="[136,194,1962,1983]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB04BF0A5FCAF85AFDFF2018" collectingDate="1950-08-06" collectionCode="E, F" collectorName="Molino de la Flor" country="Mexico" elevation="2300" location="Mexico state" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" specimenCode="V0045324, V0045323" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Mexico" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB04BF0A5FCAF85AFEC52FA0" box="[219,316,1962,1983]" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB04BF0A5E55F85AFE3A2FA0" box="[324,451,1962,1984]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">México state</collectingRegion>
: Texcoco,
<collectorName id="C223C6E0AB04BF0A5D36F85AFD362FDF" box="[551,719,1962,1984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Molino de la Flor</collectorName>
,
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB04BF0A5DC6F85AFCDB2FA0" box="[727,802,1962,1983]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation id="E4FB4405AB04BF0A5DC6F85AFCDB2FA0" box="[727,802,1962,1983]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="1B6885F6AB04BF0A5C3AF85AFC4E2FDF" box="[811,951,1962,1984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="1950-08-06">
<collectingDate id="0B2C7C1EAB04BF0A5C3AF85AFC4E2FDF" box="[811,951,1962,1984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" value="1950-08-06">6 August 1950</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB04BF0A5CD1F85AFB9F2FA0" box="[960,1126,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5CD1F85AFC2B2FA0" box="[960,978,1962,1983]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. Matuda 19249
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5B63F85AFB352FDF" box="[1138,1228,1962,1984]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[designated by
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB04BF0A5A73F85AFE1F2FFC" author="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R." pageId="14" pageNumber="115" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref11534" refString="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R. (1995) Commelinaceae. In: Riba y Nava, R., de Luna, E., Flores, F., Galvan, R. &amp; Cifuentes, J. (Eds.) Las Monocotiledoneas Mexicanas, vol. 4. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de Mexico and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa, Mexico City, pp. 3 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1995">Espejo-Serna &amp; López-Ferrari 1995: 8</bibRefCitation>
] MEXU-00090886! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB04BF0A5DA4F83EFCEC2FFC" box="[693,789,1998,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[213,1375,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-15@17.[213,1375,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lectotype of Commelina texcocana (E. Matuda 19249, MEXU-00090886). Copyright: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Available online at: https://datosabiertos.unam.mx/IBUNAM:MEXU:T90886" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875516/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="115">Figure 11</figureCitation>
];
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB04BF0A5C36F83EFC5D2FFB" box="[807,932,1998,2020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
F-1495806 barcode
<specimenCode id="3F700B4DAB04BF0A5B7BF83EFB2F2FFB" box="[1130,1238,1998,2020]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Museum">V0045324</specimenCode>
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5BC7F83EFB1D2FFB" box="[1238,1252,1998,2020]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
!, F-1613632 barcode
<specimenCode id="3F700B4DAB04BF0A5FACF802FED02017" box="[189,297,2034,2056]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Museum">V0045323</specimenCode>
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB04BF0A5E38F802FECE2017" box="[297,311,2034,2056]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
!, MEXU-00090880!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB05BF0B5F99FF50FC9728AB" box="[136,878,159,181]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB05BF0B5F99FF50FC9728AB" blockId="15.[136,1451,159,253]" box="[136,878,159,181]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB05BF0B5F99FF50FC9728AB" box="[136,878,159,181]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB05BF0B5F8DFF6FFCFB28AA" author="Rohweder, O." box="[156,770,159,181]" page=")" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" year="1956">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB05BF0B5F8DFF6FFCFB28AA" ID-CoL="5N84D" authority="Rohweder (1956: 159 - 160)" authorityName="Rohweder" authorityPageNumber="159 - 160" authorityYear="1956" box="[156,770,159,181]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="diffusa" variety="cordispatha">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5F8DFF6FFEA828AB" box="[156,337,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Commelina diffusa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5E90FF6FFE0A28AB" box="[385,499,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">cordispatha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB05BF0B5EE8FF6FFCFB28AA" author="Rohweder, O." box="[505,770,159,181]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 197" refId="ref14932" refString="Rohweder, O. (1956) Die Farinosae in der Vegetation von El Salvador. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Auslandskunde, Reihe C, Naturwissenschaften 18: 1 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110878301" type="journal article" year="1956">Rohweder (1956: 159–160)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5C01FF6FFC9E28AB" bold="true" box="[784,871,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">syn. nov.</emphasis>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB05BF0B5F99FF33FDD92A24" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB05BF0B5F99FF33FB3828E2" blockId="15.[136,1451,159,253]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5F99FF33FF3B28C7" bold="true" box="[136,194,195,216]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB05BF0B5FCBFF34FB4428E2" collectingDate="1950-11-25" collectionCode="O" country="El Salvador" elevation="700" location="Chalatenango" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Chalatenango" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB05BF0B5FCBFF34FE8728C7" box="[218,382,195,217]" name="El Salvador" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">EL SALVADOR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB05BF0B5E96FF33FDF628C6" box="[391,527,195,217]" country="El Salvador" name="Chalatenango" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Chalatenango</collectingRegion>
: Weg Hda. Sta. Cruz – “La Laguna” n.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB05BF0B5C9DFF33FBEB28C6" box="[908,1042,195,217]" country="El Salvador" name="Chalatenango" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Chalatenango</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB05BF0B5B0DFF33FBA528C6" box="[1052,1116,195,217]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="E4FB4405AB05BF0B5B0DFF33FBA528C6" box="[1052,1116,195,217]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="1B6885F6AB05BF0B5B77FF33FADB28C6" box="[1126,1314,195,217]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1950-11-25">
<collectingDate id="0B2C7C1EAB05BF0B5B77FF33FADB28C6" box="[1126,1314,195,217]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1950-11-25">25 November 1950</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5A3DFF33FF1828E3" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5A3DFF33FAB928C7" box="[1324,1344,195,216]" country="Norway" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13093" name="Botanical Museum - University of Oslo" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">O</collectionCode>
. Rohweder 882
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5FFFFF17FEB128E2" box="[238,328,231,253]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5E44FF17FE0F28E3" bold="true" box="[341,502,231,253]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">designated here</emphasis>
] HBG-514345! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB05BF0B5D8BFF17FD0428E3" box="[666,765,231,253]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lectotype of Commelina diffusa var. cordispatha (O. Rohweder 882, HBG-514345). Copyright: Universität Hamburg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Figure 12</figureCitation>
];
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5C1FFF17FC7228E2" box="[782,907,231,253]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
HBG-514346!, HBG-514347!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB05BF0B5F99FED5FDD92A24" blockId="15.[136,1452,293,571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5F99FED5FF2D2920" bold="true" box="[136,212,293,319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB05BF0B5EAFFED5FBE4295F" authority="(Rohweder 1956: 159 - 160)" baseAuthorityName="Rohweder" baseAuthorityPageNumber="159 - 160" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[446,1053,293,320]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="diffusa" variety="cordispatha">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5EAFFED5FDD32920" box="[446,554,293,319]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">C. diffusa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5D4EFED5FD1D2920" box="[607,740,293,319]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">cordispatha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB05BF0B5DE0FED5FBEC295F" author="Rohweder, O." box="[753,1045,293,320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 197" refId="ref14932" refString="Rohweder, O. (1956) Die Farinosae in der Vegetation von El Salvador. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Auslandskunde, Reihe C, Naturwissenschaften 18: 1 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110878301" type="journal article" year="1956">Rohweder 1956: 159–160</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on the type: “Belegexemplare:
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5EFCFEB9FDF9297C" box="[493,512,329,355]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">R</collectionCode>
881 (
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5D54FEB9FD7E297C" box="[581,647,329,355]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fv5j-intd" name="Hiroshima Botanical Garden" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">HBG</collectionCode>
): Dpt.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB05BF0B5DC4FEB9FC97297C" box="[725,878,329,355]" country="El Salvador" name="San Salvador" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">San Salvador</collectingRegion>
, Cerro Chulo.
<date id="1B6885F6AB05BF0B5B08FEB9FB53297B" box="[1049,1194,329,356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1950-10-30">30. 10. 1950</date>
.—
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5BDDFEB9FB26297B" box="[1228,1247,329,356]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">R</collectionCode>
882 (
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5A35FEB9FA9F297C" box="[1316,1382,329,355]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fv5j-intd" name="Hiroshima Botanical Garden" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">HBG</collectionCode>
): Dpt.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB05BF0B5F99FE9DFEDC2998" box="[136,293,365,391]" country="El Salvador" name="Chalatenango" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Chalatenango</collectingRegion>
, Hda. Sta. Cruz.
<date id="1B6885F6AB05BF0B5EF5FE9DFD8C2997" box="[484,629,365,392]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" value="1950-11-25">25. 11. 1950</date>
.” and “Typus:
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5C0BFE9DFCD42998" box="[794,813,365,391]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">R</collectionCode>
882”.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5C68FE9DFC7B2998" box="[889,898,365,391]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB05BF0B5B4BFE9DFB052998" box="[1114,1276,365,391]" count="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">three syntypes</specimenCount>
(Art. 9.6 of the
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5F99FE61FF4529B4" box="[136,188,401,427]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">ICN</collectionCode>
), HBG-514345, HBG-514346 and HBG-514347, all in agreement with the morphological information provided in the protologue. One of these
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5EE2FE45FDA129D0" box="[499,600,437,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
, the specimen HBG-514345 (
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB05BF0B5CB8FE45FBE229D0" box="[937,1051,437,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lectotype of Commelina diffusa var. cordispatha (O. Rohweder 882, HBG-514345). Copyright: Universität Hamburg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">Figure 12</figureCitation>
), is stamped “
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5BADFE45FA9129D0" box="[1212,1384,437,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="holotype">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
” on a label on the sheet, and is thus designated here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5DA0FE29FCE229EC" box="[689,795,473,499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. Morphology of the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB05BF0B5B12FE29FB9329EC" box="[1027,1130,473,499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
indicates that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB05BF0B5A1CFE29FEF42A08" baseAuthorityName="Rohweder" baseAuthorityYear="1956" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="diffusa" variety="cordispatha">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5A1CFE29FA8329EC" box="[1293,1402,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">C. diffusa</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5F99FE0DFEF42A08" box="[136,269,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">cordispatha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB05BF0B5DB8FE0DFCC22A08" box="[681,827,509,535]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="texcocana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5DB8FE0DFCC22A08" box="[681,827,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">C. texcocana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Here
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB05BF0B5C99FE0DFC682A08" box="[904,913,509,535]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am following the concept of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB05BF0B5BCCFE0DFA892A08" box="[1245,1392,509,535]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="texcocana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5BCCFE0DFA892A08" box="[1245,1392,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">C. texcocana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB05BF0B5F99FDD1FEEB2A24" author="Hunt, D. R." box="[136,274,545,571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="157 - 173" refId="ref13066" refString="Hunt, D. R. (1994) Commelinaceae. In: Davidse, G., Sousa-Sanchez, M. &amp; Chater, A. O. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana, vol. 6. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, pp. 157 - 173." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hunt (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB05BF0B5E59FDD1FDE52A24" author="Grant, J. R. &amp; Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E." box="[328,540,545,571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="116" pagination="386 - 409" refId="ref12297" refString="Grant, J. R., Faden, R. B. &amp; Hammel, B. E. (2003) Commelinaceae. In: Hammel, B. E., Grayum, M. H., Herrera, C. &amp; Zamora, N. (Eds.) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, vol. 2. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp. 386 - 409." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Grant
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB05BF0B5E9EFDD2FE3E2A24" box="[399,455,545,571]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="116">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

175
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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
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<mods:title id="D67D5C4DDBC75F0074A8053017D3362D">Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FD82FD1B2A93" box="[136,738,626,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FD82FD1B2A93" blockId="3.[136,1451,626,724]" box="[136,738,626,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<heading id="3421145AAB09BF075F99FD82FD1B2A93" box="[136,738,626,653]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FD82FF4B2A93" bold="true" box="[136,178,626,652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">1.3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075FACFD82FD1B2A93" ID-CoL="XFFY" authority="von Linne (1753: 40 - 41)" authorityName="von Linne" authorityPageNumber="40 - 41" authorityYear="1753" box="[189,738,626,653]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075FACFD82FE3B2A93" bold="true" box="[189,450,626,653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Commelina communis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075ED8FD83FD1B2A93" author="von Linne, C." box="[457,738,626,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref13692" refString="von Linne, C. (1753) Species Plantarum. L. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 37656" type="book" year="1753">von Linné (1753: 40–41)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FD6AFEB92ACB" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FD6AFEB92ACB" blockId="3.[136,1451,626,724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FD6AFF3B2AB0" bold="true" box="[136,194,666,687]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAFD6AFDD62AB0" box="[219,559,666,687]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D2BFD6AFDA62AB0" box="[570,607,666,687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075D2BFD6AFDB12AB0" box="[570,584,666,687]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.d.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D7DFD6AFCFE2AB0" box="[620,775,666,687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075C04FD6AFC962AAF" box="[789,879,666,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[designated by Faden &amp; Reveal in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075BC3FD6AFA5C2AAF" author="Jarvis, C. E. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Allan, D. M. &amp; Reveal, J. L." box="[1234,1445,666,688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref13259" refString="Jarvis, C. E., Barrie, F. R., Allan, D. M. &amp; Reveal, J. L. (1993) A List of Linnaean Generic Names and their Types. Koeltz Scientific Books, Konigstein, 100 pp." type="book" year="1993">
Jarvis
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075A03FD6AFABC2AB0" box="[1298,1349,666,687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">et al.</emphasis>
1993: 36
</bibRefCitation>
] LINN-65.1!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FCF6FDCB2B03" box="[136,562,774,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FCF6FDCB2B03" blockId="3.[136,1190,774,832]" box="[136,562,774,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB09BF075F99FCF6FDCB2B03" box="[136,562,774,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB09BF075F8DFCF6FDCB2B03" author="Roth, A. W." box="[156,562,774,796]" page=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" year="1790">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075F8DFCF6FDCB2B03" ID-CoL="XFQL" authority="Roth (1790: 14 - 15)" authorityName="Roth" authorityPageNumber="14 - 15" authorityYear="1790" box="[156,562,774,796]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F8DFCF6FE962B04" box="[156,367,774,795]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Commelina polygama</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075E64FCF6FDCB2B03" author="Roth, A. W." box="[373,562,774,796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="14 - 23" refId="ref14912" refString="Roth, A. W. (1790) Observationes plantarum. Botanisches Magazin 4: 14 - 23." type="journal article" year="1790">Roth (1790: 14–15)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FCDAFB742CEE" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FCDAFB5F2B20" blockId="3.[136,1190,774,832]" box="[136,1190,810,832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FCDAFF3B2B20" bold="true" box="[136,194,810,831]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAFCDAFEAD2B20" box="[219,340,810,831]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E4CFCDAFE782B20" box="[349,385,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075E4CFCDAFE922B20" box="[349,363,810,831]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
.d.
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E9CFCDAFDDD2B20" box="[397,548,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075D21FCDAFD872B20" box="[560,638,810,831]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D9DFCDAFCD52B20" bold="true" box="[652,812,810,832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">designated here</emphasis>
]
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075C2BFCDAFCB32B20" box="[826,842,810,831]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW01047010! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075B2DFCDAFB6B2B20" box="[1084,1170,810,832]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[245,1343,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Neotype of Commelina polygama (Anonymous s.n., B barcode BW01047010).Copyright:Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem. Available online at: http://herbarium.bgbm.org/object/BW01047010" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875489/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 2</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FC9EFB742CEE" blockId="3.[136,1452,878,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FC9EFF2D2B97" bold="true" box="[136,212,878,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075EACFC9FFCD22B96" authority="(Roth 1790: 14 - 15)" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityPageNumber="14 - 15" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[445,811,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075EACFC9FFDB22B97" box="[445,587,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. polygama</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075D49FC9EFCDA2B96" author="Roth, A. W." box="[600,803,878,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="14 - 23" refId="ref14912" refString="Roth, A. W. (1790) Observationes plantarum. Botanisches Magazin 4: 14 - 23." type="journal article" year="1790">Roth 1790: 14–15</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information about the provenance of the species: “Anno
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB09BF075E92FC62FE212BB3" box="[387,472,914,940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.53644" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="in" value="1786.0">1786 in</quantity>
Victili quodam cum aliis plantis sponte mihi enata est, patriam itaque indicare nequeo. Tanquam spontanea planta in horto meo &amp; inter horti rejectamenta quotannis provenit”. No original specimens could be located, and no illustrations were cited in the protologue. The morphological information provided in the protologue is enough to link the name to the currently accepted species
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075C33FC0FFC4D2C07" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[802,948,1023,1049]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075C33FC0FFC4D2C07" box="[802,948,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is confirmed in the literature (
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075A44FC0EFF3D2C23" author="Pennell, F. W." pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="31 - 39" refId="ref14555" refString="Pennell, F. W. (1938) What is Commelina communis? Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 90: 31 - 39, pl. 8." type="journal article" year="1938">Pennell 1938</bibRefCitation>
). There is one folder kept at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075EEEFBD3FDEB2C22" box="[511,530,1059,1085]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
(barcode BW01047000) with
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB09BF075C75FBD2FBE12C23" box="[868,1048,1058,1084]" count="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
identified as
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075BBDFBD3FAC32C23" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1196,1338,1058,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075BBDFBD3FAC32C23" box="[1196,1338,1058,1085]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. polygama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, probably annotated by Carl Ludwig Willdenow or Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal. Two of these specimens (barcodes BW01047010 and BW01047020) are
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075D8EFB9BFCC92C9B" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[671,816,1131,1157]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D8EFB9BFCC92C9B" box="[671,816,1131,1157]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while the other one (barcode BW01047030) is
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075A51FB9BFA5D2C9B" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[1344,1444,1131,1157]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erecta">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075A51FB9BFA5D2C9B" box="[1344,1444,1131,1157]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. erecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075F99FB7FFF682CB6" box="[136,145,1167,1193]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate the specimen
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075EB0FB7FFE4D2CB6" box="[417,436,1167,1193]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
barcode BW01047010 (
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075DD4FB7EFCDC2CB7" box="[709,805,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[245,1343,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[245,1343,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Neotype of Commelina polygama (Anonymous s.n., B barcode BW01047010).Copyright:Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem. Available online at: http://herbarium.bgbm.org/object/BW01047010" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875489/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 2</figureCitation>
) as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075C43FB7FFC572CB6" box="[850,942,1167,1193]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
; this is the best and most complete among the
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB09BF075F99FB43FED62CD3" box="[136,303,1202,1229]" count="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075E47FB43FE132CD3" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[342,490,1203,1229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E47FB43FE132CD3" box="[342,490,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
identified as
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075D95FB43FCED2CD3" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[644,788,1202,1229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D95FB43FCED2CD3" box="[644,788,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. polygama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075C28FB43FCB62CD2" box="[825,847,1203,1229]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
. This specimen agrees with Roth’s description, and it possibly derived from living plants from
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075D45FB27FD542CEE" box="[596,685,1239,1265]" country="Germany" name="Bremen" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Bremen</collectingRegion>
that based the description of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075CE6FB27FB7C2CEF" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[1015,1157,1238,1265]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075CE6FB27FB7C2CEF" box="[1015,1157,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. polygama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

315
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<mods:title id="D8E3B95CFBEEED46DEC4CF4E2273CA6B">Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FAEEFD332D27" box="[136,714,1310,1337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FAEEFD332D27" blockId="3.[136,1211,1310,1372]" box="[136,714,1310,1337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<heading id="3421145AAB09BF075F99FAEEFD332D27" box="[136,714,1310,1337]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FAEEFF4B2D27" bold="true" box="[136,178,1310,1336]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">1.4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075FACFAEEFD882D27" ID-CoL="XFH9" authority="Burman (1768: 18" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[189,625,1310,1337]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075FACFAEEFE632D26" bold="true" box="[189,410,1310,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Commelina diffusa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075EB3FAEFFD882D27" author="Burman, N. L." box="[418,625,1310,1337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref11140" refString="Burman, N. L. (1768) Nicolai Laurentii Burmanni Flora Indica. C. Haek &amp; J. Schreuder, Amsterdam, 241 pp., 67 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60581" type="book" year="1768">Burman (1768: 18</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, t. 7[2])
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FAB6FB422D43" box="[136,1211,1350,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FAB6FB422D43" blockId="3.[136,1211,1310,1372]" box="[136,1211,1350,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FAB6FF3B2D44" bold="true" box="[136,194,1350,1371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAFAB6FED82D44" box="[219,289,1350,1371]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">INDIA</collectingCountry>
. Coromandel,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075EBCFAB6FE362D44" box="[429,463,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">s.d.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075ECBFAB6FD682D44" box="[474,657,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">D. Outgaerden s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075D8CFAB6FD0E2D43" box="[669,759,1350,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[designated by
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075C9EFAB6FBE62D44" author="Rao, R. S." box="[911,1055,1350,1372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="179 - 189" refId="ref14749" refString="Rao, R. S. (1964) Indian species of Commelinaceae - miscellaneous notes. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 25: 179 - 189." type="journal article" year="1964">Rao 1964: 179</bibRefCitation>
] G-00360106!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99FA7EFDA02DBB" box="[136,601,1422,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FA7EFDA02DBB" blockId="3.[136,1451,1422,1516]" box="[136,601,1422,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB09BF075F99FA7EFDA02DBB" box="[136,601,1422,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB09BF075F8DFA7EFDA02DBB" author="Graham, R." box="[156,601,1422,1444]" page=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" year="1830">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075F8DFA7EFDA02DBB" ID-CoL="XFJJ" authority="Graham (1830: 366 - 367)" authorityName="Graham" authorityPageNumber="366 - 367" authorityYear="1830" box="[156,601,1422,1444]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F8DFA7EFEA62DBC" box="[156,351,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Commelina formosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075E74FA7EFDA02DBB" author="Graham, R." box="[357,601,1422,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="366 - 371" refId="ref12250" refString="Graham, R. (1830) Description of several new or rare plants which have lately flowered in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh, and chiefly in the Royal Botanic Garden. The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 7 - 10 / 1830: 366 - 371." type="journal article" year="1830">Graham (1830: 366–367)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99FA42FBDC2DF4" blockId="3.[136,1451,1422,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99FA42FF3B2DD8" bold="true" box="[136,194,1458,1479]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAFA42FE492DD8" box="[219,432,1458,1479]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">UNITED KINGDOM</collectingCountry>
. Scotland:
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075D08FA42FD792DD7" box="[537,640,1458,1480]" country="United Kingdom" name="City of Edinburgh" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Edinburgh</collectingRegion>
, cultivated at the Royal Botanic Garden, from seeds collected around Lima, Peru, by Cruckshank, 1830,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E69FA26FDE92DF4" box="[376,528,1494,1515]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075D0DFA26FD8F2DF3" box="[540,630,1494,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D92FA26FCDD2DF4" bold="true" box="[643,804,1494,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">designated here</emphasis>
] E-00373670! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075CADFA26FBE82DF4" box="[956,1041,1494,1516]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Commelina formosa (Anonymous s.n., E-00373670). Copyright: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875491/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 3</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99F9EEFDDF2E2B" box="[136,550,1566,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99F9EEFDDF2E2B" blockId="3.[136,1451,1566,1660]" box="[136,550,1566,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB09BF075F99F9EEFDDF2E2B" box="[136,550,1566,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB09BF075F8DF9EEFDDF2E2B" author="Richard, L. C. M." box="[156,550,1566,1588]" page=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" year="1792">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075F8DF9EEFDDF2E2B" ID-CoL="XFQG" authority="Richard (1792: 106)" authorityName="Richard" authorityPageNumber="106" authorityYear="1792" box="[156,550,1566,1588]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosula">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F8DF9EEFEA42E2C" box="[156,349,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Commelina pilosula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075E75F9EEFDDF2E2B" author="Richard, L. C. M." box="[356,550,1566,1588]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref14821" refString="Richard, L. C. M. (1792) Catalogus plantarum, ad societatem, ineunte anno 1792, e Cayenna missarum a Domino le Blond. Actes de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 105 - 114." type="journal article" year="1792">Richard (1792: 106)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99F9B2FE632E64" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99F9B2FE632E64" blockId="3.[136,1451,1566,1660]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99F9B2FF3B2E48" bold="true" box="[136,194,1602,1623]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAF9B2FEC52E48" box="[219,316,1602,1623]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075E57F9B2FE212E47" box="[326,472,1602,1624]" country="France" name="Guyane" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">French Guiana</collectingRegion>
, 1792,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D0EF9B2FD3F2E48" box="[543,710,1602,1623]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075D0EF9B2FDD42E48" box="[543,557,1602,1623]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075D20F9B2FDBB2E48" box="[561,578,1602,1623]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
. Leblond 408
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075DC2F9B2FCD42E47" box="[723,813,1602,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075C2DF9B2FC242E48" bold="true" box="[828,989,1602,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">designated here</emphasis>
] [or maybe
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075B47F9B2FB552E47" box="[1110,1196,1602,1624]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, see discussion below] G-00341814! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075E20F996FE7E2E64" box="[305,391,1638,1660]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[251,1335,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lectotype of Commelina pilosula (J.B. Leblond 408, G-00341814). Copyright: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève. Available online at: https://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/chg/adetail.php?id=465302" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875493/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 4</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF075F99F95EFD4C2EDC" box="[136,693,1710,1732]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99F95EFD4C2EDC" blockId="3.[136,1396,1710,1768]" box="[136,693,1710,1732]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB09BF075F99F95EFD4C2EDC" box="[136,693,1710,1732]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
=
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB09BF075F8DF95EFDB02EDC" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[156,585,1710,1732]" page=")" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" year="1837">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075F8DF95EFDB02EDC" ID-CoL="46YW3" authority="Rafinesque (1837: 70)" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1837" box="[156,585,1710,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Nephralles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F8DF95EFE952EDC" box="[156,364,1710,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Nephralles parviflora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075E63F95EFDB02EDC" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[370,585,1710,1732]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref14669" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1837) Flora Telluriana, vol. 3. Printed for the author, Philadelphia, 100 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7751" type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque (1837: 70)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D46F95EFD542EDC" bold="true" box="[599,685,1710,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">syn. nov.</emphasis>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB09BF0C5F99F922FCC529C6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99F922FA8D2EF7" blockId="3.[136,1396,1710,1768]" box="[136,1396,1746,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99F922FF3B2EF8" bold="true" box="[136,194,1746,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075FCAF922FDD12EF8" box="[219,552,1746,1767]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075D20F922FD6B2EF7" box="[561,658,1746,1768]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
:
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D8AF922FD442EF8" box="[667,701,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">s.d.</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075DD9F922FC992EF8" box="[712,864,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075C7DF922FC3F2EF7" box="[876,966,1746,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075CC5F922FB8D2EF8" bold="true" box="[980,1140,1746,1768]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">designated here</emphasis>
] P-00752548! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075A1AF922FA992EF7" box="[1291,1376,1746,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[236,1352,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lectotype of Nephralles parviflora (Anonymous s.n., P-00752548). Copyright: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Available online at: https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/p/item/p00752548" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875497/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 5</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075F99F8E6FCC72F83" blockId="3.[136,1452,1814,2093]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075F99F8E6FF2D2F2F" bold="true" box="[136,212,1814,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075ED3F8E7FC9D2F2F" authority="(Graham 1830: 366 - 367)" baseAuthorityName="Graham" baseAuthorityPageNumber="366 - 367" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[450,868,1814,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075ED3F8E7FDC62F2F" box="[450,575,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. formosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075D5FF8E6FCA52F2F" author="Graham, R." box="[590,860,1814,1840]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="366 - 371" refId="ref12250" refString="Graham, R. (1830) Description of several new or rare plants which have lately flowered in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh, and chiefly in the Royal Botanic Garden. The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 7 - 10 / 1830: 366 - 371." type="journal article" year="1830">Graham 1830: 366–367</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on provenance: “The seeds of this very pretty species were gathered by Mr Cruckshanks in the valley of Lima, and communicated to me last spring. The plants flowered freely in the greenhouse in July”.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075C88F8AFFC5B2F66" box="[921,930,1887,1913]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate only one original specimen (E-00373670—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075E26F872FE6E2F83" box="[311,407,1922,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[234,1353,190,1946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lectotype of Commelina formosa (Anonymous s.n., E-00373670). Copyright: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875491/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 3</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075EE8F873FDFB2F82" box="[505,514,1923,1949]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075DDEF872FCC02F83" box="[719,825,1922,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF0C5FACF856FF0F293B" blockId="3.[136,1452,1814,2093]" lastBlockId="8.[136,1452,158,473]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075E83F857FD052FDF" authority="(Richard 1792: 106)" baseAuthorityName="Richard" baseAuthorityPageNumber="106" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[402,764,1958,1985]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosula">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E83F857FDF72FDF" box="[402,526,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. pilosula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075D0FF856FD0A2FDF" author="Richard, L. C. M." box="[542,755,1958,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref14821" refString="Richard, L. C. M. (1792) Catalogus plantarum, ad societatem, ineunte anno 1792, e Cayenna missarum a Domino le Blond. Actes de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 105 - 114." type="journal article" year="1792">Richard 1792: 106</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided no information on provenance or collector, but the work in which it is included (
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075ED8F83BFE152FFB" box="[457,492,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">i.e.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB09BF075EE0F83AFD712FFB" author="Richard, L. C. M." box="[497,648,1994,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 114" refId="ref14821" refString="Richard, L. C. M. (1792) Catalogus plantarum, ad societatem, ineunte anno 1792, e Cayenna missarum a Domino le Blond. Actes de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1: 105 - 114." type="journal article" year="1792">Richard 1792</bibRefCitation>
) indicated that the original material of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075B25F83BFB542FFB" baseAuthorityName="Richard" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[1076,1197,1994,2021]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosula">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075B25F83BFB542FFB" box="[1076,1197,1994,2021]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. pilosula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected by Jean- Baptiste Leblond in
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075E60F81EFDE02017" box="[369,537,2030,2056]" name="French Guiana" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
in 1792.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075D99F81FFD682016" box="[648,657,2031,2057]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate only one original specimen (G-00341814—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB09BF075A73F81EFF612033" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[251,1335,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[251,1335,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Lectotype of Commelina pilosula (J.B. Leblond 408, G-00341814). Copyright: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève. Available online at: https://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/chg/adetail.php?id=465302" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875493/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figure 4</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075FE8F7E3FEFB2032" box="[249,258,2067,2093]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075EC0F7E2FDC22033" box="[465,571,2066,2092]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. If it could be demonstrated that this specimen was the only element on which Louis Claude Marie Richard based his description of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5DF2FF6FFCA628A7" baseAuthorityName="Richard" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[739,863,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosula">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5DF2FF6FFCA628A7" box="[739,863,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">C. pilosula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this specimen would be a
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB02BF0C5B83FF6EFB0128A7" box="[1170,1272,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Nevertheless,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5AB3FF6FFA5228A6" box="[1442,1451,159,185]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am in no position to ascertain this, especially considering that a number of specimens originally sent by Leblond that were studied by Richard are seemingly lost. Therefore,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5DE5FF17FD04291E" box="[756,765,231,257]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
conservatively opt to designate the specimen G-00341814 as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB02BF0C5F99FEFAFF0B293B" box="[136,242,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB0EBF005F99F851FBF22FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875489" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875489/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" startId="4.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[245,1343,190,1928]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0EBF005F99F851FBF22FC4" blockId="4.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0EBF005F99F851FF052FA9" bold="true" box="[136,252,1953,1975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Neotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0EBF005E7CF851FDC62FA9" baseAuthorityName="Roth" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[365,575,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polygama">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0EBF005E7CF851FDC62FA9" box="[365,575,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Commelina polygama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0EBF005D5AF851FD192FA8" box="[587,736,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
, B barcode BW01047010). Copyright: Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem. Available online at: http://herbarium.bgbm.org/object/BW01047010
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB0FBF015F99F842FAC02FD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875491" box="[136,1337,1970,1992]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875491/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" startId="5.[136,229,1970,1992]" targetBox="[234,1353,190,1946]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0FBF015F99F842FAC02FD7" blockId="5.[136,1337,1970,1992]" box="[136,1337,1970,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0FBF015F99F842FF072FD8" bold="true" box="[136,254,1970,1992]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0FBF015E92F842FDBE2FD8" baseAuthorityName="Graham" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[387,583,1970,1991]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0FBF015E92F842FDBE2FD8" box="[387,583,1970,1991]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Commelina formosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0FBF015D44F843FD152FD7" box="[597,748,1971,1992]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
, E-00373670). Copyright: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB0CBF025F99F851FBB92FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875493" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875493/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" startId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[251,1335,190,1928]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0CBF025F99F851FBB92FC4" blockId="6.[136,1452,1953,2011]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0CBF025F99F851FF042FA9" bold="true" box="[136,253,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0CBF025E90F851FDBA2FA9" baseAuthorityName="Richard" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[385,579,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosula">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0CBF025E90F851FDBA2FA9" box="[385,579,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Commelina pilosula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0CBF025D40F852FD0D2FA9" box="[593,756,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">J.B. Leblond 408</emphasis>
, G-00341814). Copyright: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève. Available online at: https://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/chg/adetail.php?id=465302
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB0DBF035F99F851FC1E2FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875497" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875497/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" startId="7.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[236,1352,190,1929]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0DBF035F99F851FC1E2FC4" blockId="7.[136,1453,1953,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0DBF035F99F851FEFB2FA9" bold="true" box="[136,258,1953,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0DBF035E85F851FD912FA9" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1837" box="[404,616,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Nephralles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0DBF035E85F851FD912FA9" box="[404,616,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Nephralles parviflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0DBF035D6AF852FCEE2FA8" box="[635,791,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
, P-00752548). Copyright: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Available online at: https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/p/item/p00752548
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB02BF0C5FACFEDEFCC529C6" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5E99FEDEFC8D2957" authority="(Rafinesque 1837: 70)" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityPageNumber="70" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[392,884,302,328]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Nephralles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5E99FEDEFD802957" box="[392,633,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Nephralles parviflora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB02BF0C5D94FEDEFC922957" author="Rafinesque, C. S." box="[645,875,302,328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" refId="ref14669" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1837) Flora Telluriana, vol. 3. Printed for the author, Philadelphia, 100 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7751" type="book" year="1837">Rafinesque 1837: 70</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on provenance: “
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB02BF0C5F83FEA2FEFB2973" box="[146,258,338,364]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB02BF0C5E25FEA2FE542973" box="[308,429,338,364]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
”.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5ED1FEA3FE302972" box="[448,457,339,365]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate only one original specimen (P-00752548—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB02BF0C5B67FEA2FB2D2972" box="[1142,1236,338,365]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[236,1352,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lectotype of Nephralles parviflora (Anonymous s.n., P-00752548). Copyright: Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Available online at: https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/p/item/p00752548" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875497/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Figure 5</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5A22FEA3FAC52972" box="[1331,1340,339,365]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB02BF0C5FF1FE86FEB3298F" box="[224,330,374,400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. This specimen was, according to information written on a label on the sheet, sent to
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB02BF0C5A0BFE87FAD0298E" box="[1306,1321,375,401]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
in 1868 by Elias Durand, and is one of the few remaining representatives of the now mostly lost Rafinesque herbarium.
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5A21FE6AFF0329C7" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Nephralles" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5A21FE6AFF0329C7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Nephralles parviflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here newly proposed as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB02BF0C5DD9FE4FFCCC29C7" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[712,821,446,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB02BF0C5DD9FE4FFCCC29C7" box="[712,821,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

157
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<mods:title id="E9A4013EE8E739C8CBE4F01E5BD8CF18">Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99FBECFF4B2C29" bold="true" box="[136,178,1052,1078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">1.1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055FACFBECFE182C28" bold="true" box="[189,481,1052,1079]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Commelina benghalensis</emphasis>
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,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055DF4FBEDFCA72C29" box="[741,862,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">nom. cons.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99FBB7FF6F2C46" box="[136,150,1095,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">≡</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055F8DFBB4FDB12C45" ID-CoL="XFGL" authority="von Linne (1771: 176)" authorityName="von Linne" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1771" box="[156,584,1092,1114]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cucullata">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F8DFBB4FE902C46" box="[156,361,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Commelina cucullata</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99FB98FF3B2C62" bold="true" box="[136,194,1128,1149]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Type:</emphasis>
—
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.d.
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,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055E4BFB98FE0B2C62" box="[346,498,1128,1149]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Anonymous s.n.</emphasis>
(conserved
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[designated by
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB0BBF055C5AFB98FC162C62" author="Faden, R. B." box="[843,1007,1128,1150]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="341 - 342" refId="ref11913" refString="Faden, R. B. (1992) (1052) Proposal to conserve Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae) with a conserved type under Art. 69.3. Taxon 41: 341 - 342. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1222348" type="journal article" year="1992">Faden 1992: 341</bibRefCitation>
] LINN-65.16!).
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=
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F8DFB40FEA52CDA" box="[156,348,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Commelina nervosa</emphasis>
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, t. 7[3])
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99FB24FF3B2CF6" bold="true" box="[136,194,1236,1257]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Type:</emphasis>
—(illustration) (
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,
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) Plate 7(3) in
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.
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99FAE8FF2D2D2D" bold="true" box="[136,212,1304,1330]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055ED8FAE8FDBC2D2D" box="[457,581,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">C. nervosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB0BBF055D44FAE8FCD82D2D" author="Burman, N. L." box="[597,801,1304,1330]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" refId="ref11140" refString="Burman, N. L. (1768) Nicolai Laurentii Burmanni Flora Indica. C. Haek &amp; J. Schreuder, Amsterdam, 241 pp., 67 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60581" type="book" year="1768">Burman 1768: 18</bibRefCitation>
)
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provided the following information about the type: “
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055A81FAE9FEED2D49" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">D. Outgaerden.</emphasis>
Habitat Cormandeli”.
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have not been able to locate any original specimens for this name. Thus, in accordance with Arts. 9.3, 9.4 and 9.12 of the
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,
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designate the only extant original element,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055BCDFA91FB062D65" box="[1244,1279,1377,1402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">i.e.</emphasis>
the illustration provided in the protologue (Plate 7[3] in
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) as the
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0BBF055FACFA58FAA92E85" blockId="1.[136,1452,1304,1691]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
Field work and cultivation experiments conducted in several parts of
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB0BBF055CCFFA58FBDB2DDD" box="[990,1058,1448,1474]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Brazil</collectingCountry>
evidenced that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055BCBFA58FA762DDD" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[1242,1423,1448,1474]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="benghalensis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055BCBFA58FA762DDD" box="[1242,1423,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">C. benghalensis</emphasis>
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is morphologically very variable. One notable aspect observed, which does not appear to be related in the literature relates to the staminodes: while the majority of specimens of the species have all flowers with three staminodes (as described in Hassemer 2019),
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observed some plants producing flowers with two staminodes. This character is not geographically consistent, and in one plant flowers with both numbers of staminodes were observed, clearly indicating the lack of taxonomic value for this character. Furthermore, in Hassemer (2019: 90)
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informed that the lateral stamens of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055FB7F970FEA02E85" authorityName="von Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[166,345,1664,1690]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="benghalensis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055FB7F970FEA02E85" box="[166,345,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">C. benghalensis</emphasis>
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produce yellow pollen; this was a mistake, as those stamens produce white pollen instead.
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<mods:classification id="679F825A18D8A454E0D9EE0C24677B3B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="661E49FEE533422B94829C2216CF6474" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FCFE0F0400CB1FE92025A10C8E25AB4E" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E76A5FF3177383C1700E2ED4D373D9D4" type="Zenodo-Dep">13875483</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E77F1220AB0BBF075F99F938FBFB2A5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875487" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB0BBF075F99F938FBFB2A5B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E77F1220AB0BBF075F99F938FBFB2A5B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB0BBF055F99F938FD502EFD" box="[136,681,1736,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0BBF055F99F938FD502EFD" blockId="1.[136,1451,1736,1833]" box="[136,681,1736,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<heading id="3421145AAB0BBF055F99F938FD502EFD" box="[136,681,1736,1763]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99F938FF4B2EFD" bold="true" box="[136,178,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">1.2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055FACF938FD502EFD" ID-CoL="5ZSBV" authority="Matuda (1955 a: 61 - 62)" authorityName="Matuda" authorityPageNumber="61 - 62" authorityYear="1955" box="[189,681,1736,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055FACF938FE602EFC" bold="true" box="[189,409,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Commelina bravoa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB0BBF055EB0F938FD502EFD" author="Matuda, E." box="[417,681,1736,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="59 - 77" refId="ref13876" refString="Matuda, E. (1955 a) Nuevas comelinaceas de Mexico y Guatemala. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 26: 59 - 77." type="journal article" year="1955">Matuda (1955a: 61–62)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB0BBF075F99F900FBFB2A5B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0BBF055F99F900FF262F36" blockId="1.[136,1451,1736,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99F900FF3B2F1A" bold="true" box="[136,194,1776,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Type:</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB0BBF055FCAF900FEC52F1A" box="[219,316,1776,1797]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB0BBF055E57F900FE2B2F1A" box="[326,466,1776,1797]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Veracruz state</collectingRegion>
: Orizaba, Sierra de la Cruz, 1853,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055C35F900FC5E2F1A" box="[804,935,1776,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB0BBF055C35F900FCCA2F1A" box="[804,819,1776,1797]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Müller s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB0BBF055CA5F900FBF72F19" box="[948,1038,1776,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055B0CF91FFB462F1A" bold="true" box="[1053,1215,1775,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">designated here</emphasis>
] NY-03946618! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB0BBF055A7BF900FF312F36" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,187,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[214,1373,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Commelina bravoa (F. Müller s.n., NY-03946618). Copyright: New York Botanical Garden. Image courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium. Available online at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen-details/?irn=4282840" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875485/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Figure 1</figureCitation>
]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB0BBF075F99F8A8FE2528C3" blockId="1.[136,1452,1880,2087]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,581]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055F99F8A8FF2D2F6D" bold="true" box="[136,212,1880,1906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Notes:</emphasis>
—The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055ED1F8A8FCC72F6D" authority="(Matuda 1955 a: 61 - 62)" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityPageNumber="61 - 62" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[448,830,1880,1907]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055ED1F8A8FDD62F6D" box="[448,559,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">C. bravoa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB0BBF055D2FF8A8FCCF2F6D" author="Matuda, E." box="[574,822,1880,1907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" pagination="59 - 77" refId="ref13876" refString="Matuda, E. (1955 a) Nuevas comelinaceas de Mexico y Guatemala. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 26: 59 - 77." type="journal article" year="1955">Matuda 1955a: 61–62</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on type specimens: “
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB0BBF055F83F88CFF1C2F89" box="[146,229,1916,1942]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Puebla</collectingRegion>
: Ajemjibre, en bosque alto húmedo, sombreado, noviembre 15 de 1954, Dra. Helia Bravo
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB0BBF055BEEF88DFAEF2F88" box="[1279,1302,1917,1943]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. sin número. Tipo en el Herbario Nacional del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB0BBF055BD5F850FAE62FA5" box="[1220,1311,1952,1978]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">México</collectingRegion>
”, “
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB0BBF055A2FF850FA502FA5" box="[1342,1449,1952,1978]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
: Orizaba, en Sierra de la Cruz, en el año de 1853, Muller, sin número” and “El último ejemplar citado arriba se encuentra en el Herbario de
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB0BBF055E5EF819FE38201D" box="[335,449,2024,2051]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">New York</collectingRegion>
Botanical Garden, registrado como
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB0BBF055C44F818FB97201D" authority="Vahl" authorityName="Vahl" box="[853,1134,2024,2050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirtella">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB0BBF055C44F818FBD7201D" box="[853,1070,2024,2050]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Commelina hirtella</emphasis>
Vahl
</taxonomicName>
”. Nevertheless, the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB0BBF055A58F818FA52201D" box="[1353,1451,2024,2050]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
could not be located at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB0BBF055E85F7FDFE132038" box="[404,490,2061,2087]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" name="Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">MEXU</collectionCode>
. The
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB0BBF055D38F7FDFD702038" box="[553,649,2061,2087]" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB0BBF055DBEF7FDFD2F2038" box="[687,726,2061,2087]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="102" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
(NY-03946618—
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB0BBF055CB2F7FCFBF92039" box="[931,1024,2060,2086]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[214,1373,187,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[214,1373,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Commelina bravoa (F. Müller s.n., NY-03946618). Copyright: New York Botanical Garden. Image courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium. Available online at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen-details/?irn=4282840" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875485/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="102">Figure 1</figureCitation>
) seems to be the only extant original element for
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075E01FF6FFE8628A7" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[272,383,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075E01FF6FFE8628A7" box="[272,383,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This specimen is in agreement with the morphological description provided in the protologue, and
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075FA6FF33FF3928C2" box="[183,192,195,221]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate it as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075E7CFF32FE2E28C3" box="[365,471,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BA9F3BEAB08BF065F99F851FAD32FC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875485" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875485/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" startId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[214,1373,187,1925]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB08BF065F99F851FAD32FC4" blockId="2.[136,1451,1953,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB08BF065F99F851FF072FA9" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB08BF065E95F851FDC42FA9" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[388,573,1953,1974]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB08BF065E95F851FDC42FA9" box="[388,573,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Commelina bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB08BF065D5AF852FD352FA8" box="[587,716,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">F. Müller s.n.</emphasis>
, NY-03946618). Copyright: New York Botanical Garden. Image courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium. Available online at: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen-details/?irn=4282840
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075FACFF17FB652973" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
It is interesting to note that there is
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB09BF075D5DFF17FD1C291F" box="[588,741,230,257]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
kept at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075C2EFF17FC68291E" box="[831,913,231,257]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" name="Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">MEXU</collectionCode>
identified as
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075B3BFF17FB60291F" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1066,1177,230,257]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075B3BFF17FB60291F" box="[1066,1177,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MEXU-7757) that was collected by the same person (Helia Bravo Hollis) at the same locality (“Bosque Ajenjibre”) as the missing
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075A53FEFAFA5E293B" box="[1346,1447,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but on a different date (
<date id="1B6885F6AB09BF075E9CFEDEFDFC2956" box="[397,517,302,329]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="1953-06">June 1953</date>
). No collector number was provided for this specimen. Nevertheless, this specimen cannot be considered original material for
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075D75FEA3FD2D2973" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[612,724,338,365]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D75FEA3FD2D2973" box="[612,724,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because of the different collection date.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075FACFE86FE8729E3" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
Based on comparison of the morphology of
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB09BF075DA4FE87FD1C298E" box="[693,741,375,401]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">type</typeStatus>
specimens,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075C60FE87FC83298E" box="[881,890,375,401]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
am convinced that the most similar species to
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075A83FE87FF2E29AB" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075A83FE87FF2E29AB" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075FE9FE6BFE9E29AB" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" box="[248,359,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075FE9FE6BFE9E29AB" box="[248,359,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below). The available records indicate that
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075C97FE6BFC0C29AB" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[902,1013,410,437]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075C97FE6BFC0C29AB" box="[902,1013,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075B89FE6AFB0829AB" box="[1176,1265,410,436]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Further study is necessary to ascertain the circumscription of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB09BF075D6FFE4FFD1429C7" baseAuthorityName="Matuda" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[638,749,446,473]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bravoa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075D6FFE4FFD1429C7" box="[638,749,446,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. bravoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and clarify the distribution (and consequently the conservation status) of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB09BF075FACFDF6FBFB2A5B" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075FACFDF6FE5C2A3F" bold="true" box="[189,421,518,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Specimens studied:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB09BF075ED3FDF6FA5E2A3E" box="[450,1447,518,545]" collectingDate="1953-06" collectionCode="H" country="Mexico" location="Bosque Ajenjibre" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puebla">
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB09BF075ED3FDF6FDCA2A3F" box="[450,563,518,544]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075D51FDF6FD372A3E" box="[576,718,518,545]" country="Mexico" name="Puebla" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Puebla state</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="6A09F5EDAB09BF075DCBFDF7FC5A2A3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB0BBF075F99F938FBFB2A5B:6A09F5EDAB09BF075DCBFDF7FC5A2A3F" box="[730,931,518,545]" country="Mexico" name="Bosque Ajenjibre" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" stateProvince="Puebla">Bosque Ajenjibre</location>
,
<date id="1B6885F6AB09BF075CA1FDF7FBD12A3E" box="[944,1064,518,545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="1953-06">
<collectingDate id="0B2C7C1EAB09BF075CA1FDF7FBD12A3E" box="[944,1064,518,545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" value="1953-06">June 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075B27FDF7FB0D2A3F" box="[1078,1268,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075B27FDF7FBB72A3F" box="[1078,1102,519,544]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. Bravo
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075BB9FDF7FB392A3F" box="[1192,1216,519,544]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
. s.n.
</emphasis>
(MEXU-7757)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB09BF075F99FDDBFC072A5B" box="[136,1022,554,581]" collectionCode="F" collectorName="Sierra de la Cruz" country="Mexico" location="Veracruz state" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB09BF075F99FDDBFED22A5A" box="[136,299,555,581]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Veracruz state</collectingRegion>
: Orizaba,
<collectorName id="C223C6E0AB09BF075E8AFDDAFDA22A5B" box="[411,603,554,580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Sierra de la Cruz</collectorName>
, 1853,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB09BF075DBDFDDBFCBB2A5B" box="[684,834,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB09BF075DBDFDDBFD442A5B" box="[684,701,555,580]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
. Müller s.n.
</emphasis>
(NY-03946618)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="CA6EDD8757A64C55417EAA9B4F7127BB" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13875483" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727820199149" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hassemer, Gustavo" docDate="2020" docId="E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.435.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 435 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.435.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Commelina aquatica J. K. Morton 1956" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="126" masterDocId="1B466A58AB0ABF045F11FFF0FFF9281F" masterDocTitle="Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="126" updateTime="1727824226285" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="04F1DD6EF196DC163C95033C7B594D5A">Further cleaning of the name pool in the New World Commelina (Commelinaceae), and notes on the African C. aquatica</mods:title>
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<treatment id="E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB13BF1D5F99FBD2FCDA2C23" box="[136,803,1058,1085]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FCDA2C23" blockId="25.[136,1452,1058,1192]" box="[136,803,1058,1085]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="3421145AAB13BF1D5F99FBD2FCDA2C23" box="[136,803,1058,1085]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" reason="4">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FF4B2C23" bold="true" box="[136,178,1058,1084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">4.1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5FACFBD2FD3C2C22" ID-CoL="XFDR" authority="Morton (1956: 515 - 517" authorityName="J. K. Morton" authorityYear="1956" box="[189,709,1058,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5FACFBD2FE572C23" bold="true" box="[189,430,1058,1085]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Commelina aquatica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5EA4FBD3FD3C2C22" author="Morton, J. K." box="[437,709,1058,1085]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="507 - 531" refId="ref14036" refString="Morton, J. K. (1956) Cytotaxonomic studies on the Gold Coast species of the genus Commelina Linn. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 55: 507 - 531. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1956. tb 00021. x" type="journal article" year="1956">Morton (1956: 515–517</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 12)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB13BF1D5F99FBBDFCC92C40" box="[136,816,1098,1120]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB13BF1D5F99FBBDFCC92C40" blockId="25.[136,1452,1058,1192]" box="[136,816,1098,1120]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="4FC68418AB13BF1D5F99FBBDFCC92C40" box="[136,816,1098,1120]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5F99FBBDFF6F2C40" box="[136,150,1101,1119]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">≡</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="EE778527AB13BF1D5F8DFBBAFCC92C40" author="Ogwal, E. N. K." box="[156,816,1098,1120]" page=")" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" year="1994">
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5F8DFBBAFCC92C40" ID-CoL="XFDR" authority="(J. K. Morton) Ogwal (1994: 417)" authorityName="Ogwal" authorityPageNumber="417" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="J. K. Morton" box="[156,816,1098,1120]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="diffusa" subSpecies="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5F8DFBBAFEA82C40" box="[156,337,1098,1119]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Commelina diffusa</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E8BFBBAFE172C40" box="[410,494,1098,1119]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">aquatica</emphasis>
(J.K.Morton)
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5D68FBBAFCC92C40" author="Ogwal, E. N. K." box="[633,816,1098,1120]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="415 - 420" refId="ref14312" refString="Ogwal, E. N. K. (1994) Infraspecific variation of some Commelina L. species in Uganda. In: Seyani, J. H. &amp; Chikuni, A. C. (Eds.) Proceedings of the XIIIth Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Zomba, Malawi, 2 - 11 April 1991, vol. 1. National Herbarium &amp; Botanic Gardens of Malawi, Zomba, pp. 415 - 420." type="book chapter" year="1994">Ogwal (1994: 417)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27CCF0BDAB13BF1D5F99FB9EFC792F82" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB13BF1D5F99FB9EFB392CB7" blockId="25.[136,1452,1058,1192]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5F99FB9EFF3B2C9C" bold="true" box="[136,194,1134,1155]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB13BF1D5FCAFB9EFB442CB7" collectingDate="1953-10-04" collectionCode="J, K" country="Ghana" county="Accra" location="Gold Coast" municipality="Ada rd." pageId="25" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="A30" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="17C1E3A6AB13BF1D5FCAFB9EFECD2C9C" box="[219,308,1134,1155]" name="Ghana" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">GHANA</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="6A09F5EDAB13BF1D5E2DFB9EFE532C9C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82:6A09F5EDAB13BF1D5E2DFB9EFE532C9C" box="[316,426,1134,1156]" country="Ghana" county="Accra" municipality="Ada rd." name="Gold Coast" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Gold Coast</location>
, around standing water in
<location id="6A09F5EDAB13BF1D5DB3FB9EFCE22C9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E77F1220AB13BF1D5F99FBD2FC792F82:6A09F5EDAB13BF1D5DB3FB9EFCE22C9B" box="[674,795,1134,1156]" country="Ghana" county="Accra" municipality="Ada rd." name="Accra Plains" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Accra Plains</location>
near
<collectingMunicipality id="8F0D394CAB13BF1D5C5CFB9EFC6E2C9B" box="[845,919,1134,1156]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Ada rd.</collectingMunicipality>
, ± 15 mls from
<collectingCounty id="8608DBBAAB13BF1D5B38FB9EFB9C2C9C" box="[1065,1125,1134,1155]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Accra</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="1B6885F6AB13BF1D5B7FFB9EFAFA2C9B" box="[1134,1283,1134,1156]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" value="1953-10-04">
<collectingDate id="0B2C7C1EAB13BF1D5B7FFB9EFAFA2C9B" box="[1134,1283,1134,1156]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" value="1953-10-04">4 October 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5A1DFB9FFA552C9C" box="[1292,1452,1134,1156]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5A1DFB9FFAE02C9B" box="[1292,1305,1135,1156]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5A0CFB9FFAC92C9B" box="[1309,1328,1135,1156]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Morton
<specimenCode id="3F700B4DAB13BF1D5A94FB9EFA552C9C" box="[1413,1452,1134,1155]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">A30</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5FD5FB62FEE72CB7" box="[196,286,1170,1192]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
[
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E3AFB62FE352CB8" bold="true" box="[299,460,1170,1192]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">designated here</emphasis>
] BM-013399140! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB13BF1D5D97FB62FD102CB8" box="[646,745,1170,1192]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,190,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[181,1406,190,1946]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 17. Lectotype of Commelina aquatica (J.K. Morton A30, BM-013399140). Copyright: Natural History Museum (London). Available online at: https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/a0086b0d-578b-43b3-b155-5c4c94960105/1567036800000" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875534/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Figure 17</figureCitation>
];
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5DEBFB62FC8E2CB7" box="[762,887,1170,1192]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
K-000345527!, WAG-0000496!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB13BF1D5F99FB26FE162D9F" blockId="25.[136,1452,1238,1949]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5F99FB26FF2D2CEF" bold="true" box="[136,212,1238,1264]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Notes:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB13BF1D5FE0FB26FCC12D27" collectionCode="B, M, G, C, J, K, A, BM, GC, ICN, I" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="A30" specimenCount="30" typeStatus="syntype">
The protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5EDAFB27FC812CEE" authority="(Morton 1956: 515 - 517)" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityPageNumber="515 - 517" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[459,888,1238,1265]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5EDAFB27FDA82CEF" box="[459,593,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5D73FB26FC962CEE" author="Morton, J. K." box="[610,879,1238,1265]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="507 - 531" refId="ref14036" refString="Morton, J. K. (1956) Cytotaxonomic studies on the Gold Coast species of the genus Commelina Linn. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 55: 507 - 531. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1956. tb 00021. x" type="journal article" year="1956">Morton 1956: 515–517</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
provided the following information on the type: “Morton
<specimenCode id="3F700B4DAB13BF1D5FFDFB0AFEE42D0B" box="[236,285,1274,1300]" collectionCode="A" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">A30</specimenCode>
(
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5E3AFB0AFEB92D0B" box="[299,320,1274,1300]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5E55FB0AFE9A2D0B" box="[324,355,1274,1300]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5E60FB0AFE732D0B" box="[369,394,1274,1300]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5E9FFB0AFE5D2D0B" box="[398,420,1274,1300]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.)”. Therefore, the
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5D78FB0BFCDB2D0B" box="[617,802,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5D78FB0BFD802D0B" box="[617,633,1275,1300]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5D6CFB0BFD6A2D0B" box="[637,659,1275,1300]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
. Morton
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5DE4FB0AFCFF2D0B" box="[757,774,1274,1300]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB13BF1D5C17FB0AFCDB2D0B" box="[774,802,1274,1300]" count="30" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="generic">30</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
specimens kept at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5CE1FB0BFBE52D0A" box="[1008,1052,1275,1301]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">BM</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5B5FFB0AFB8C2D0B" box="[1102,1141,1274,1300]" country="0" name="Goucher College" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">GC</collectionCode>
are
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5BB3FB0BFAFD2D0A" box="[1186,1284,1275,1301]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(Art. 9.6 of the
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5F99FAEEFF442D27" box="[136,189,1310,1336]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">ICN</collectionCode>
).
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5FDEFAEFFF212D26" box="[207,216,1311,1337]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was not able to search for specimens conserved at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5C1FFAEEFCC12D27" box="[782,824,1310,1336]" country="0" name="Goucher College" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">GC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="DFBEA96BAB13BF1D5C52FAEFFE122D9F" collectionCode="I, BM" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5C52FAEFFCB52D26" box="[835,844,1311,1337]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
could locate only
<specimenCount id="79D068BFAB13BF1D5B08FAEFFB662D26" box="[1049,1183,1311,1337]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">one syntype</specimenCount>
at
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5BD1FAEFFB172D26" box="[1216,1262,1311,1337]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bristol Museum" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">BM</collectionCode>
, BM-013399140 (
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB13BF1D5F81FAB2FEFB2D43" box="[144,258,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="26.[136,229,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[181,1406,190,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[181,1406,190,1946]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 17. Lectotype of Commelina aquatica (J.K. Morton A30, BM-013399140). Copyright: Natural History Museum (London). Available online at: https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/a0086b0d-578b-43b3-b155-5c4c94960105/1567036800000" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875534/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">Figure 17</figureCitation>
), which
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5E78FAB3FE8B2D42" box="[361,370,1347,1373]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
designate here as
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5D5DFAB2FD4F2D43" box="[588,694,1346,1372]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5DD2FAB3FD352D42" box="[707,716,1347,1373]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
was able to locate two duplicates (therefore,
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5BF1FAB2FA812D43" box="[1248,1400,1346,1372]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
): K-000345527 and WAG-0000496
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F69A336AB13BF1D5FACFA7BFC792F82" blockId="25.[136,1452,1238,1949]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
In the context of an ongoing study of the
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5DB1FA7BFCF62DBB" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[672,783,1418,1445]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5DB1FA7BFCF62DBB" box="[672,783,1418,1445]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex in the Americas—which can possibly be understood to include
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5E6FFA5FFD132DD7" authority="Walter (1788: 68)" authorityName="Walter" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1788" box="[382,746,1454,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caroliniana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E6FFA5FFDE62DD7" box="[382,543,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. caroliniana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5D35FA5EFD132DD7" author="Walter, T." box="[548,746,1454,1480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" refId="ref15501" refString="Walter, T. (1788) Flora Caroliniana. J. Fraser, London, 263 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9458" type="book" year="1788">Walter (1788: 68)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5DE5FA5FFC992DD7" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[756,864,1454,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5DE5FA5FFC992DD7" box="[756,864,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5C7CFA5FFB682DD7" authority="Small (1933: 264" authorityName="Small" authorityYear="1933" box="[877,1169,1454,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5C7CFA5FFC302DD7" box="[877,969,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. gigas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5CDEFA5EFB682DD7" author="Small, J. K." box="[975,1169,1454,1480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" refId="ref15052" refString="Small, J. K. (1933) Manual of the Southeastern Flora. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1554 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 696" type="book" year="1933">Small (1933: 264</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 1503),
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5BF8FA5FFA7C2DD7" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[1257,1413,1454,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5BF8FA5FFA7C2DD7" box="[1257,1413,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5A83FA5FFF2E2DF3" authorityName="Humb. &amp; Bonpl. ex Willdenow" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pallida">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5A83FA5FFF2E2DF3" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. pallida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5E1CFA23FE662DF3" box="[269,415,1491,1517]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="texcocana">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E1CFA23FE662DF3" box="[269,415,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. texcocana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—it caught my attention the similarity of the original specimens of the African
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5A1CFA23FA762DF3" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[1293,1423,1491,1517]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5A1CFA23FA762DF3" box="[1293,1423,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the recently re-established South American
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5D7DFA07FCF12E0F" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[620,776,1526,1553]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5D7DFA07FCF12E0F" box="[620,776,1526,1553]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5C53FA07FC042E0F" author="Hassemer, G." box="[834,1021,1526,1553]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer 2018a</bibRefCitation>
, 2019). More recently,
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5BEFFA07FA792E0F" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[1278,1408,1527,1553]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5BEFFA07FA792E0F" box="[1278,1408,1527,1553]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been synonymised under
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5EBBF9EBFDE12E2B" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[426,536,1562,1589]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5EBBF9EBFDE12E2B" box="[426,536,1562,1589]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5D46F9EAFCAA2E2B" author="Faden, R. B." box="[599,851,1562,1588]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref12122" refString="Faden, R. B. (2012) Commelinaceae. In: Beentje, H. J. (Ed.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 1 - 244." type="book chapter" year="2012">Faden 2012: 140–144</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless, the information presented by Morton in the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5E60F9CFFE0C2E47" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[369,501,1599,1625]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E60F9CFFE0C2E47" box="[369,501,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
suggests that this name is not a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5CE4F9CFFB9A2E47" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[1013,1123,1598,1625]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5CE4F9CFFB9A2E47" box="[1013,1123,1598,1625]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; of critical importance is the following: staminodes 2, with white antherodes (staminodes normally 2, rarely 3, with yellow antherodes in
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5A27F993FA5B2E63" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[1334,1442,1634,1661]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5A27F993FA5B2E63" box="[1334,1442,1634,1661]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and chromosome number 2
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5EAAF977FE302EBF" box="[443,457,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">n</emphasis>
= 28 (2
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5D32F977FDC82EBF" box="[547,561,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">n</emphasis>
=
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB13BF1D5D41F976FD732EBF" box="[592,650,1670,1696]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5D80F977FD072EBF" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[657,766,1670,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5D80F977FD072EBF" box="[657,766,1670,1697]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is possible that the chromosome count for
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5A1FF977FA682EBF" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[1294,1425,1671,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5A1FF977FA682EBF" box="[1294,1425,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is incorrect, a question that could only be clarified with new counts for this species, based on specimens from the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5A6AF95BFA522EDA" box="[1403,1451,1707,1733]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">type</typeStatus>
locality and matching the morphology of the
<typeStatus id="B06D1D94AB13BF1D5D97F93FFD432EF6" box="[646,698,1743,1769]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">type</typeStatus>
. The antherodes of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5C86F93FFBE32EF7" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[919,1050,1743,1769]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5C86F93FFBE32EF7" box="[919,1050,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also differently shaped to those of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5FB9F903FEEE2F13" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[168,279,1778,1805]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5FB9F903FEEE2F13" box="[168,279,1778,1805]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB13BF1D5E47F902FE3D2F13" box="[342,452,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[180,1408,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lectotype of Commelina diffusa var. cordispatha (O. Rohweder 882, HBG-514345). Copyright: Universität Hamburg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875518/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">
Figure
<quantity id="A82E0ED3AB13BF1D5EB9F902FE3D2F13" box="[424,452,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" unit="in" value="12.0">12</quantity>
</figureCitation>
in
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5EFAF903FD7D2F12" author="Morton, J. K." box="[491,644,1778,1805]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="507 - 531" refId="ref14036" refString="Morton, J. K. (1956) Cytotaxonomic studies on the Gold Coast species of the genus Commelina Linn. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 55: 507 - 531. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8339.1956. tb 00021. x" type="journal article" year="1956">Morton 1956</bibRefCitation>
). For these reasons,
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5C7EF903FC812F12" box="[879,888,1779,1805]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
consider that the inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5BC7F903FAA22F13" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[1238,1371,1779,1805]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5BC7F903FAA22F13" box="[1238,1371,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the circumscription of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5E99F8E7FE0C2F2F" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[392,501,1814,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5E99F8E7FE0C2F2F" box="[392,501,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably incorrect, as was the case of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5CD4F8E7FB9B2F2F" authorityName="von Jacquin" authorityYear="1791" box="[965,1122,1814,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5CD4F8E7FB9B2F2F" box="[965,1122,1814,1841]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. longicaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
until
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5BB4F8E7FA8C2F2F" author="Hassemer, G." box="[1189,1397,1814,1841]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" pagination="23 - 53" refId="ref12508" refString="Hassemer, G. (2018 a) Taxonomic and geographic notes on the neotropical Commelina (Commelinaceae). Webbia 73: 23 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00837792.2018.1442967" type="journal article" year="2018">Hassemer (2018a)</bibRefCitation>
. It is evident that the concept of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5EAFF8CBFDD52F4B" authorityName="Burman" authorityYear="1768" box="[446,556,1850,1877]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5EAFF8CBFDD52F4B" box="[446,556,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
used in the 20
<superScript id="98A30E7EAB13BF1D5DC5F8CAFD182F57" attach="left" box="[724,737,1850,1864]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">th</superScript>
century included a number of species lumped under it—this is further evidenced by new species still being dismembered from
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5C74F8AFFB002F67" authority="(Nandikar &amp; Naik 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Nandikar &amp; Naik" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[869,1273,1886,1913]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5C74F8AFFC2A2F67" box="[869,979,1886,1913]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. diffusa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB13BF1D5CF5F8AEFB082F67" author="Nandikar, M. D. &amp; Naik, M. C." box="[996,1265,1886,1912]" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" refId="ref14195" refString="Nandikar, M. D. &amp; Naik, M. C. (2019) Commelina littoralis (Commelinaceae), a new species from India. Nordic Journal of Botany 37: e 02168. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 02168" type="journal volume" year="2019">Nandikar &amp; Naik 2019</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB13BF1D5A14F8AFFAF72F66" box="[1285,1294,1887,1913]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14415" name="&amp;quot;Alexandru Ioan Cuza&amp;quot; University" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" type="Herbarium">I</collectionCode>
hope that the information presented here encourages further study of
<taxonomicName id="A8D6D8B5AB13BF1D5DE6F873FC832F83" baseAuthorityName="Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[759,890,1923,1949]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquatica">
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB13BF1D5DE6F873FC832F83" box="[759,890,1923,1949]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="126">C. aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

105
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von Humboldt
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1FBF115F99F836FF4B2FFF" bold="true" box="[136,178,1990,2016]" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">2.4.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1FBF115FACF836FE5F2FFF" box="[189,422,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">Commelina coelestis</emphasis>
f.
<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1FBF115ED5F836FDCF2FFF" box="[452,566,1990,2016]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">albipetala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB1FBF115D2CF836FCD22FFF" author="Matuda, E." box="[573,811,1990,2017]" pageId="21" pageNumber="122" pagination="303 - 432" refId="ref13902" refString="Matuda, E. (1955 b) Las commelinaceas mexicanas. Anales del Instituto de Biologia 26: 303 - 432." type="journal article" year="1955">Matuda (1955b: 339)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1FBF115F99F81EFF3B201C" bold="true" box="[136,194,2030,2051]" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">Type:</emphasis>
—
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.
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB1FBF115E56F81EFE31201C" box="[327,456,2030,2052]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">México state</collectingRegion>
: entre Valle de Bravo y Villa de
<collectingRegion id="AD126DD4AB1FBF115C1FF81EFC9E201C" box="[782,871,2030,2051]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
,
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,
<date id="1B6885F6AB1FBF115CDAF81EFB75201B" box="[971,1164,2030,2052]" pageId="21" pageNumber="122" value="1954-09-10">10 September 1954</date>
,
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<collectionCode id="09C73BF3AB1FBF115B89F81EFB53201C" box="[1176,1194,2030,2051]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="21" pageNumber="122" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
. Matuda 31601
</emphasis>
(
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[designated by
<bibRefCitation id="0B47DEC7AB1FBF115E41F7E2FD3D2037" author="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R." box="[336,708,2066,2088]" pageId="21" pageNumber="122" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref11534" refString="Espejo-Serna, A. &amp; Lopez-Ferrari, A. R. (1995) Commelinaceae. In: Riba y Nava, R., de Luna, E., Flores, F., Galvan, R. &amp; Cifuentes, J. (Eds.) Las Monocotiledoneas Mexicanas, vol. 4. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de Mexico and Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa, Mexico City, pp. 3 - 25." type="book chapter" year="1995">Espejo-Serna &amp; López-Ferrari 1995: 6</bibRefCitation>
] MEXU-00060923! [
<figureCitation id="F7EDBFB3AB1FBF115C82F7E2FC1F2038" box="[915,998,2066,2088]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[138,1448,190,1852]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Lectotype of Commelina glabra (E.C. Rodschied 74, GOET-000946). Copyright: Universität Göttingen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13875507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13875507/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="122">
Figure
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in Hassemer 2019]).
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1CBF125F99FF6EFF3028A7" bold="true" box="[136,201,158,184]" pageId="22" pageNumber="123">Note:</emphasis>
—synonym of
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<emphasis id="5DA27F24AB1CBF125E60FF6EFE0F28A6" bold="true" box="[369,502,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="123">C. tuberosa</emphasis>
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.
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