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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1105-165" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" ID-ZooBank="BEE6D442CB164294BA0919873BBB283E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1105-165" checkinTime="1655378690417" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae, Byun, Hye-Woo & Podeniene, Virginija" docDate="2022" docId="14105E8681965189A5DD0E24E6336E67" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1105: 165-208" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1105" docPubDate="2022-06-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495" docTitle="Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander 1934" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" masterDocTitle="Hexatoma crane flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Korea" masterLastPageNumber="208" masterPageNumber="165" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1655378690417" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>Hexatoma crane flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2597-566X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT- 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania & Instute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sigitas.podenas@gamtc.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Park, Sun-Jae</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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||||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-4572</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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||||
</mods:name>
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||||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Podeniene, Virginija</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Instute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1105</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1105-165</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:14105E8681965189A5DD0E24E6336E67" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/14105E8681965189A5DD0E24E6336E67" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
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<taxonomicName LSID="14105E86-8196-5189-A5DD-0E24E6336E67" authority="Alexander, 1934" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriensis" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934 50 male, dorsal view 51 male wing 52 male genitalia, dorsal view 53 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (50, 51); 0.5 mm (52, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figs 50-53</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 59–66" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 59 - 66. Sampling localities of Korean Hexatoma (Eriocera) 59 H. (E.) gifuensis Alexander, 1933 60 H. (E.) ilwola sp. nov. 61 H. (E.) masakii Alexander, 1934 62 H. (E.) pernigrina Alexander, 1938 63 H. (E.) pianigra sp. nov. 64 H. (E.) serenensis sp. nov. 65 H. (E.) stackelbergi Alexander, 1933 66 H. (E.) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures59-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700741" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 66</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriensis" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, CP" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="305 - 348" refId="B8" refString="Alexander, CP, 1934a. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XVI. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 305 - 348" title="New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XVI." volume="52" year="1934 a">Alexander 1934a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 341-343, pl. 1, fig. 22, pl. 4, fig. 49;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Savchenko, EN" journalOrPublisher="Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" refId="B49" refString="Savchenko, EN, 1983. Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev" title="Limoniidae of South Primorye. Akademiy Nauk Ukrainskoy SSR, I. I." year="1983">Savchenko 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 68 (short note on distribution); 1989: 123 (short note on distribution);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" author="Przhiboro, AA" editor="Lantsov, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoosymposia" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="221 - 228" refId="B47" refString="Przhiboro, AA, Paramonov, NM, Bazova, N, 2009. Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae). In: Lantsov, V, Ed., Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909-1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909-1994). Zoosymposia 3: 221 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" title="Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" volume="3" volumeTitle="Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889 - 1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909 - 1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909 - 1994)." year="2009">Przhiboro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 221-228 (distribution and habitats);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" author="Podeniene, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="93 - 118" refId="B46" refString="Podeniene, V, Gelhaus, JK, 2015. Review of the last instar larvae and pupae of Hexatoma (Eriocera) and Hexatoma (Hexatoma) (Diptera, Limoniidae, Limnophilinae). Zootaxa 4021 (1): 93 - 118, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" title="Review of the last instar larvae and pupae of Hexatoma (Eriocera) and Hexatoma (Hexatoma) (Diptera, Limoniidae, Limnophilinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" volume="4021" year="2015">Podeniene and Gelhaus 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 107-112 (descriptions of larva and pupa), figs 39-53.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||||
: Russia
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, male (antenna, fore leg, wing, and genitalia slide-mounted), E. Siberia, Ussuri, Bikin, river Bikin, 8 July 1927, Martynov leg. (USNM); 1 specimen, sex unknown (pinned), Ussurian district, river Bikin, station Bikin, 8-9 July 1927, Martynov leg. (USNM); 1 male (pinned), same collection data as for preceding, 9 July 1927 (USNM).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Other examined material</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 59–66" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 59 - 66. Sampling localities of Korean Hexatoma (Eriocera) 59 H. (E.) gifuensis Alexander, 1933 60 H. (E.) ilwola sp. nov. 61 H. (E.) masakii Alexander, 1934 62 H. (E.) pernigrina Alexander, 1938 63 H. (E.) pianigra sp. nov. 64 H. (E.) serenensis sp. nov. 65 H. (E.) stackelbergi Alexander, 1933 66 H. (E.) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures59-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700741" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">66</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1971-08-05" collectorName="No, S. Horvatovich, J. Papp" country="North Korea" location="Hotel" municipality="Pyongyan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Pyongan">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="North Korea">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
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</emphasis>
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, teneral male (pinned), Prov.
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<collectingRegion country="North Korea" name="P'yongan-namdo">South Pyongan</collectingRegion>
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,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Pyongyan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:14105E8681965189A5DD0E24E6336E67:36150C38F2F6FE436F4C5D73FBA1C4E1" country="North Korea" municipality="Pyongyan" name="Hotel" stateProvince="South Pyongan">Hotel</location>
|
||||
garden,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="1971-08-05">5 August 1971</collectingDate>
|
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,
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||||
<collectorName>No</collectorName>
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||||
141,
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<collectorName>S. Horvatovich</collectorName>
|
||||
et
|
||||
<collectorName>J. Papp</collectorName>
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||||
leg. (HNHM)
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Body</emphasis>
|
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coloration gray to dark brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934 50 male, dorsal view 51 male wing 52 male genitalia, dorsal view 53 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (50, 51); 0.5 mm (52, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">50</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Male body length 7.5 mm, wing length 12.5 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Brownish gray, narrowly pale gray along eye margin, covered with whitish erect setae. Vertical tubercle very large, rounded, brown, dusted with grayish yellow postero-dorsally, without polished black summit mentioned in original description (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Alexander, CP" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="305 - 348" refId="B8" refString="Alexander, CP, 1934a. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XVI. Philippine Journal of Science 52: 305 - 348" title="New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XVI." volume="52" year="1934 a">Alexander 1934a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), polished black area also missing in studied topotypic paratypes. Tubercle reaches beyond middle of scape. Eyes widely separated, distance between them at base of antennae equal to length of scape and pedicel taken together. Male antenna 18.9 mm long, distinctly longer than the entire body. Scape very large, elongate, obscure yellow with darkened and dusted dorsal surface. Pedicel very short, ring-shaped, yellow. Flagellum black with base of first flagellomere narrowly brownish. Flagellomeres with two parallel rows of short spines. Basal flagellomere 4.2 mm long, with 19 spines in each row and sparse short whitish pubescence between them, second flagellomere 6.0 mm long with 24 spines, third flagellomere 7.2 mm long with 21 spines. Rostrum brownish yellow with few long erect setae dorsally, palpus dark brown to blackish, labella black.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Cervical sclerites brown, dusted with gray. Pronotum much wider than long, dark brown with gray dusting. Prescutum and presutural scutum gray with four distinct dark brown longitudinal stripes and covered with comparatively sparse long whitish setae. Area separating medial stripes slightly narrower than the stripes themselves. Tubercular pits missing, pseudosutural fovea small, polished-brown. Postsutural scutum with each lobe gray with dark brown central area, which also dusted with gray. Area between lobes dark brown anteriorly, pale posteriorly. Scutellum gray with pale fronto-lateral angle. Mediotergite brown, dusted with gray. Pleuron gray, posterior margin of anepimeron with dense long yellowish setae. Wing (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934 50 male, dorsal view 51 male wing 52 male genitalia, dorsal view 53 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (50, 51); 0.5 mm (52, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">51</figureCitation>
|
||||
) slightly iridescent, with pale brownish tinge, yellowish in costal area and at base. Stigma distinct, oval, dark brown. Small but distinct dark spot surrounds axillary vein at wing base. Cord, distal margin of discal cell and distal longitudinal veins surrounded by indistinct brownish areas. Veins brown, yellowish at wing base. Macrotrichiae on distal veins missing. Venation: humeral vein slightly beyond arculus, Sc very long, reaching wing margin distinctly beyond r-m but before branching point of R2+3 and R4, sc-r at the level of r-m. Rs long and nearly straight, arched at base. Free end of R1 oblique, R2 and R2+3 equal in length. R3 and R4 diverging, cell r3 with long stem, which is approximately half length of Rs. Cross-vein r-m distinct, slightly oblique, in alignment with basal deflection of M1+2 (base of discal cell). Discal cell 1.5
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
longer than wide. Cross-vein m-cu very slightly beyond base of discal cell (branching point of M). Vein CuP distinctly curved at distal part, thus cell cua gets wider towards wing margin, but nearly parallel-sided from base to ~ 2/3 of its length. Anal vein long, slightly concave at middle, apex at same level as Rs base. Anal angle wide, posterior margin widely rounded. Stem of halter pale to brownish, knob dark brown. Length of male halter 1.2 mm. Coxae from brown dorsally to yellow ventrally, covered with gray pruinosity and long yellowish setae. Trochanters obscure yellow. Femur yellow with narrowly dark brown apical part. Tibia yellowish brown with narrowly darkened apex. Tibia of fore leg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle leg with two apical spurs. Tarsus brown at base, dark brown at distal end. Male femur I: 3.2 mm long, II: 4.5 mm, III: 7.5 mm, tibia I: 7.5 mm, II: 5.7 mm, tarsus I: 7.0 mm. Claw yellowish brown with subbasal spine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
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</emphasis>
|
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Two basal tergites brown, remaining dark brown with narrowly brownish yellow lateral margins. Three basal sternites grayish brown, remaining getting darker towards apex, lateral margins brownish to grayish yellow. Abdominal segments covered with long whitish setae, that are denser laterally. Male terminalia (Figs
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934 50 male, dorsal view 51 male wing 52 male genitalia, dorsal view 53 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (50, 51); 0.5 mm (52, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">52</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 50–53" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 50 - 53. Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934 50 male, dorsal view 51 male wing 52 male genitalia, dorsal view 53 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (50, 51); 0.5 mm (52, 53)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">53</figureCitation>
|
||||
) brownish, ninth segment narrower than rest of the abdomen. Epandrium wider than long, posterior margin with wide V-shaped emargination. Gonocoxite elongate, nearly 3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
as long as wide at base, dorsal surface with lighter transverse area at middle which extends from less sclerotized mesal surface. Two pairs of long narrow gonostyli. Outer gonostylus sclerotized, long, slightly arched, apex distinctly narrowed and spine-shaped, mesal surface with small serration distally. Inner gonostylus elongate, fleshy and setose, apical part distinctly narrower, rounded apex. Paramere with two lobes, dorsal lobe wedge-shaped, ventral lobe elongate with rounded distal margin. Aedeagus simple, short, and straight, apex just slightly protrudes beyond frontal margin of aedeagal sheath in dorsal view. Anterior apodeme long and narrow, without lateral lobes, extending far forward.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700739" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figures 50–53" startId="F11">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figures 50-53.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ussuriensis" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Alexander, 1934
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">50</emphasis>
|
||||
male, dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">51</emphasis>
|
||||
male wing
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">52</emphasis>
|
||||
male genitalia, dorsal view
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">53</emphasis>
|
||||
male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">50, 51</emphasis>
|
||||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">52, 53</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="elevation range">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Elevation range.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
Ca. 20 m in Korea. 30 m to 650 m in Russia, Japan, and Mongolia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" author="Przhiboro, AA" editor="Lantsov, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoosymposia" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="221 - 228" refId="B47" refString="Przhiboro, AA, Paramonov, NM, Bazova, N, 2009. Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae). In: Lantsov, V, Ed., Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909-1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909-1994). Zoosymposia 3: 221 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" title="Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" volume="3" volumeTitle="Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889 - 1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909 - 1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909 - 1994)." year="2009">Przhiboro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="period of activity">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Period of activity.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
Beginning of August in Korea. June-July in Russia, Japan, and Mongolia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" author="Przhiboro, AA" editor="Lantsov, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoosymposia" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="221 - 228" refId="B47" refString="Przhiboro, AA, Paramonov, NM, Bazova, N, 2009. Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae). In: Lantsov, V, Ed., Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909-1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909-1994). Zoosymposia 3: 221 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" title="Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" volume="3" volumeTitle="Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889 - 1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909 - 1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909 - 1994)." year="2009">Przhiboro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
|
||||
Unknown in Korea. Shores of different types of running waters, from shores of large- and medium-sized rivers on plains to medium-sized and small rivers in the foothills in boreal forest, mixed forest, forest-steppe, and steppe landscape zones in Russia and Mongolia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" author="Przhiboro, AA" editor="Lantsov, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoosymposia" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="221 - 228" refId="B47" refString="Przhiboro, AA, Paramonov, NM, Bazova, N, 2009. Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae). In: Lantsov, V, Ed., Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909-1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909-1994). Zoosymposia 3: 221 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" title="Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" volume="3" volumeTitle="Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889 - 1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909 - 1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909 - 1994)." year="2009">Przhiboro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Both sexes are attracted to light (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" author="Przhiboro, AA" editor="Lantsov, V" journalOrPublisher="Zoosymposia" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="221 - 228" refId="B47" refString="Przhiboro, AA, Paramonov, NM, Bazova, N, 2009. Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae). In: Lantsov, V, Ed., Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909-1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909-1994). Zoosymposia 3: 221 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" title="Distribution of Hexatoma (Eriocera) ussuriensis Alexander (Diptera: Limoniidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.3.1.18" volume="3" volumeTitle="Crane flies. History, taxonomy and ecology (Diptera: Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Trichoceridae, Ptychopteridae, Tanyderidae). Memorial volume dedicated to Dr. Charles Paul Alexander (1889 - 1981), Dr. Bernhard Mannheims (1909 - 1971) and Dr. Evgeniy Nikolaevich Savchenko (1909 - 1994)." year="2009">Przhiboro et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Larvae of this species develop only on the bottom of large and medium sized rivers. Last instar larvae and pupae can be found in the riparian zone, usually in gravel, sand or under stones in Mongolia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" author="Podeniene, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="93 - 118" refId="B46" refString="Podeniene, V, Gelhaus, JK, 2015. Review of the last instar larvae and pupae of Hexatoma (Eriocera) and Hexatoma (Hexatoma) (Diptera, Limoniidae, Limnophilinae). Zootaxa 4021 (1): 93 - 118, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" title="Review of the last instar larvae and pupae of Hexatoma (Eriocera) and Hexatoma (Hexatoma) (Diptera, Limoniidae, Limnophilinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.4" volume="4021" year="2015">Podeniene and Gelhaus 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Eastern part of Russia, Mongolia and Hokkaido Island, Japan. Recorded on the Korean Peninsula for the first time.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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