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data/F1/BC/CE/F1BCCE73A55A56C995E11DF350A877D5.xml create mode 100644 data/F7/5A/05/F75A05B8AF19567193BB4F98921AB060.xml diff --git a/data/00/54/6F/00546F69120055C486725F2DBCF69C1F.xml b/data/00/54/6F/00546F69120055C486725F2DBCF69C1F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8df7fbb9ff2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/00/54/6F/00546F69120055C486725F2DBCF69C1F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Tanypus guttatipennis +Goetghebuer, 1935 + + + + + +Fig. 3 A, B + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kwifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +(Fig. +1 A +) + +. + + + + + + + +Tanypus guttatipennis + +, male +A +wing +B +hypopygium. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of this species from +Namibia +, the species is otherwise widely distributed in the Afrotropical Region with records from +Uganda +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +and +South Africa +( +Freeman 1961 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2009 +). No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B447D64FF18F93F32433586.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B447D64FF18F93F32433586.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c9bba14f14 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B447D64FF18F93F32433586.xml @@ -0,0 +1,3087 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 8–18 +) + + + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +. +Syst. Ent. +, p. 482, Mus. Banks; Brasilia [ +Brazil +].—Fabricius, 1807. S +yst. Glossat. +, p. 289.— +Hemming, 1943 +. + +Proc. +r. ent +. Soc. London (B) 12 + +(2): 26. —Zimsen, 1964. + +Type +mat. I. C. Fabricius + +, p. 514. + + + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +. +Pap. Exot. 1, +p. 148, 151, pl. 95, figs A, B (male d, v); +Suriname +.—Stoll, 1780, +in +Cramer. +Pap. Exot. 4, +p. 167, pl. 374, figs A, B (female d, v).—Schneider, 1785. +Nomencl. Ent. +, p. 36. +Syn. nov. + + + +Papilio anaxareta + +[ +sic +]; Stoll, 1780, +in +Cramer. +Pap. Exot. 4, +p. 167. + + + +Papilio anaxarethus + +[ +sic +]; Herbst, 1793, +in +Jablonsky. +Natursyst. Schmett +. +6 +, p. 65, n. 34, pl. 131, figs 1, 2 (male d, v), 3, 4 (female d, v). + + + +Potamis anaxarete + +; Hübner, [1808]. +Samml. exot. Schmett. 1, +pls. 72, figs 3, 4 [male d, v]. + + + +Brassolis anaxarete + +; Hübner, [1819]. +Verz. bek. Schmett. +(2–8), p. 50. + + + +Pavonia anaxarete + +; Godart, [1824], +in +Latreille & Godart. +Enc. Méth. 9 +(2), p. 438, 452, 807. + + + +Pavonia darius + +; Godart, [1824], +in +Latreille & Godart. +Enc. Méth. 9 +(2), p. 438, 452, 807.—Doubleday, 1844. +List Lep. Brit. Mus. 1, +p. 118; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +. + + + + + +Dynastor darius + +; +Westwood, 1851 +, +in +Doubleday. +Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, +p. 347.—Lucas, 1851, +in +Chenu (ed.). +Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn. +, p. 171.—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19 +(5): 64; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— Prittwitz, 1865. +Stett. ent. Zeit. 26 +(10/12): 310; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.—Butler, [1870]. +Cat. Diurn. Lep. Fabricius +, p. 40; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.—Kirby, 1871. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, p. 127; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— +Burmeister, 1873 +. +Rev. & Mag. Zool. 3 +(1): 44, pl. VI, fig. 3 (larva); +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— +Burmeister, 1879 +. +Descr. phys. Rép. Arg. 5, Atlas +, p. 23, pl. VII fig. 10 (larva); +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— +Kirby, 1879 +. +Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson, +p. 108.— +Godman & Salvin, 1881 +. + +Biol. +Centr. +-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 + +(12), p. 123; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +, + +stygianus + +.—W. Müller, 1886. +Zool. Jahrb., Syst. 1 +(3/4), p. 172; biol.—Staudinger, 1886, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(15), pl. 72 (female d, v).— +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214; +syn +.: + +stygianus + +.—Schatz, 1888, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. + +Exot. +Schmett. +2 + +(4), pl. 32 (morph.).— +Röber, 1889 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(5), p. 192.—Godman, 1901, +in +Godman & Salvin. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 2 +(164), p. 664.—Fassl, 1920. +Ent. Rdsch. 37 +(12): 45.— +Campos, 1927 +. +Rev. Col. Nac. V. Rocafuerte +, Guayaquil, +9 +(27–28): 46.—Costa Lima, 1928. +Arch. Esc. Sup. Agr. Med. Vet. 8 +(1/2): 138; hostplant.—Köhler, 1928. +Publ. Breyer +, Buenos Aires, p. 2.—Zikán, 1928. +Ent. Rdsch. 45 +(3): 10.—Bates, 1932. +Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 27 +(3): 155; biol.— +Monte, 1934 +. +Bol. Agric. Zoo. Vet. Sec. Agric., +Minas Gerais, +21 +: 72, fig. 69 (female d, larva); biol.—F. Hoffmann, 1937. +Int. ent. Ztschr. 50 +(6): 57; biol.—Biezanko & Freitas, 1938. +Cat. Ins. Pelotas, Fasc. 1, Lepidopteros +, Pelotas, p. 13; biol.—Hall, 1939. + +Agric. Jour. Brit. +Guiana +10 + +(1): 35.— +Hayward, 1951 +. + +Acta zool. +lill. 9: + +220; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +, + +stygianus + +, +ictericus +, +faenius +.—J. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968. +Pesq. agropec. bras. 3 +: 49; hostplant.—Lewis, 1973. +Butt. World +, p. 29, fig. 7.—Blandin & Descimon, 1975. + +Ann. Soc. ent. +France +11 + +(1): 7.— +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163, 169, 185, 196, fig. 15 (geogr. distr.); biogeogr.— Kesselring & Ebert, [1982]. +Rev. Nordestina Biol. 2 +(1/2): 106.—Raymond, 1982. + +Marip. +Venezuela + +, pl. 13, fig. 2 (female d, v).—Álvarez-Sierra & Álvarez-Corral, 1984. + +Marip. +Venezuela + +, p. 129 (fig. female d); biol., hostplant. —Ackery, 1988. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 33 +(2): 100; hostplant.— + +Penz +et al +., 1999 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 +(4): 148; hostplant.—Uehara-Prado +et al +., 2004. +Biota Neotrop. 4 +(1): 4.—D’Abrera, 2005. +World Butt. +, p. 94, 244, pl. 124, fig. 17 (male d).—Brown +et al +., 2007. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 92 +(3): 471; genet.— +Penz, 2007 +. +Syst. Ent. 32 +(4): 669, 674, figs 1 (d, v), 8a (male gen.); phylog.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 1, figs 1e (male d, v), f (female d), 4, 6 (phylogenetic tree), 7 (wing), 8c, e, k (male gen.), 9a, b (female gen.). +— + +Penz +et al +., 2013 + +. +Syst. Ent. 38 +(2): 330; phylog.—Orlandin, 2016, +in +Orlandin +et al +., +Borb. Marip. S. Catarina +, p. 110.—Vélez-Estrada & Ríos-Málaver, 2018. + +Colombia +País Marip. + +, p. 462 (fig. v).— + +Vaughan +et al +., 2019 + +. +Jour. Nat. Hist. 53 +(29–30): 1854. + + + +Megastes darius + +; Boisduval, 1870. + +Consid. Lép. env. +Guatemala +, + +p. 53; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.—Salinas-Gutiérrez, 2018. +Rev. chil. Ent. 44 +(3): 325. + + + +Dynastor darius ictericus +Stichel, 1904 + +. +Ins.-Börse 21 +(3): 21; +1 male +[ +holotype +], Sapucay n. Villa Rica, [ +Paraguarí +, +Guairá +, +Paraguay +]; Forster leg, Mus. Tring.—Canals, 2003. + +Marip. +Misiones + +, p. 361 (figs male d, v); biol.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203; +syn +.: + +mardonius + +.—Bustos, 2009. +Trop. Lep. Res. 19 +(2): 75. +— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 4. +— +Palo Jr., 2017. + +Borb. +Brasil +2 + +, p. 1453 (figs d, v).— + +Klimaitis +et al +., 2018 + +. + +Marip. +Argentina + +, p. 177 (figs male, female d, v); biol. +Syn. nov. + + + +Dynastor darius darius + +; +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 9; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 21, 23, fig. 6; +syn +.: + +anaxarete + +.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 288.— +Rothschild, 1916 +. +Novit. Zool +. +23 +(3): 310, pl. 6, figs 13 (larva), 11 (pupa); biol.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 18.—Breyer, 1939. +Physis 17 +(49): 498.—Silva +et al +., 1968. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(1), p. 328; biol., hostplant.—D’Abrera, 1987. + +Butt. +Neotrop. +Reg. 3 + +, p. 394.—Urich & +Emmel, 1991 +. +Trop. Lep. 2 +(2): 145, figs 1 (female d), 2 (egg), 3 (larva), 4, 5 (pupae); biol., hostplant.—Casagrande, 1992. +Rev. bras. Ent. 36 +(4): 723, fig. 6 (female d, v); biol., hostplant.— +Casagrande, 2002 +. +Rev. bras. Zool. 19 +(2): 471; biol.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.—Santin, 2004. +Répert. plantes-hôtes subst. chen. lépid. monde +(2 +nd +ed.), +2 +, p. 858; hostplant.— + +Romero +et al +., 2005 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 59 +(1): 37; biol., hostplant.—Garwood +et al +., 2007. +Butt. South. Amaz. +, p. 110 (figs female d, v).—Carneiro +et al +., 2008. +Shilap Revta. lepid. 36 +(142): 264.— Garwood +et al +., 2009. +Butt. South. Amaz +. (2 +nd +ed.), p. 232 (figs male, female d, v).—Santos +et al +., 2011. +Biota Neotrop. 11 +(3): 272.—Penz & Mohammadi, 2013. +Biota Neotrop. 13 +(3): 175.—Palo Jr., 2017. + +Borb. +Brasil +2 + +, p. 1451 (figs d, v).—Melo +et al +., 2019. +Biota Neotrop. 19 +(1): 5. + + + +Dynastor darius + +f. +ictericus +; +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 9. + + + +Dynastor darius + +f. +icterica +[ +sic +]; +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 24.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 19. + + + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, pl. 62b, fig. [2] (female d). + + + +Dynastor darius anaxarete + +; +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 289.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 19.—Blandin, 2003, +in +Lacomme & Manil. + +Lép. +Guyane +1 + +(2), p. 18, 77.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203; +syn +.: + +populus + +.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 4. + + + +Dynastor darius mardonius + +; +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 289, +two females +; Paraguay.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 20.—Breyer, 1939. +Physis 17 +(49): 498.— +Hayward, 1951 +. +Acta zool. lill. 9: +220.—Biezanko, 1960. +Arq. Ent., Esc. Agron. “Eliseu Maciel” (A), +Pelotas, +4 +: 8; biol.—Biezanko, 1960. +Arq. Ent., Esc. “Agron. Eliseu Maciel” (B), +Pelotas, +4 +: 8; biol.—Biezanko & Ruffinelli, 1962. +Rev. Fac. Agron. +, Montevideo, +50 +: 145.—Silva +et al +., 1968. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(1), p. 328; biol., hostplant.—Hayward, 1969. +Inst. Miguel Lillo, Misc. 31 +: 74; hostplant.—Hayward, 1973. +Op. Lill. 23 +: 242.— + +Penz +et al +., 1999 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 +(4): 148; hostplant.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.— +Pastrana, 2004 +. +Lep. arg., Plantas hosp. +, p. 180; hostplant. + + + +Dynastor darius icterica + +[ +sic +]; +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 289. + + + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 +, p. 289; +three males +and +two females +; Candelária, +Rio Grande do Sul +, Brazil.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 20.—Silva +et al +., 1968. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(1), p. 328; hostplant.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.—Bonfantti +et al +., 2009. +Checklist 5 +(4): 823.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 4. +— +Leviski +et al +., 2016. +Trop. Lep. Res. 26 +(2): 66. +Syn. nov. + + + +Dynastor darius + +f. + +mardonius + +; Köhler, 1923. +Ztschr. wiss. Insektenb. 18 +(12), +Sonderb. +, p. 21. + + + + + +Dynastor populus +Röber, 1927 + +. +Int. ent. Ztschr. +2 +1 +(18): 140, fig. 1; male [holo] +type +, +French Guiana +— +Casagrande, 2004 +. +Brassolini +, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). + +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. +5A + +, p. 203. + + + +Dynastor darius + +f. + +populus + +; +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 20. + + + +Dynastor darius + +ssp.; Lamas, 1985. +Rev. peruana Ent. 27 +: 69. + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Brazil, Paraná (DZ 52.565–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 9. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Brazil, Paraná (DZ 52.566–DZUP). + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Dynastor darius + +, described as + +Papilio darius + +, was transferred to + +Pavonia + +by Godart ([1824]) and to + +Dynastor + +by +Westwood (1851) +. Several authors interpreted + +Papilio anaxarete + +, and + +Dynastor stygianus + +as synonyms of + +Papilio darius + +. In addition to + +Papilio anaxarete + +and + +Dynastor stygianus +, +Hayward (1951) + +considered + +Dynastor darius ictericus + +and + +Dynastor darius faenius + +as synonyms of + +Papilio darius + +. +Casagrande (2004) +considered + +Dynastor populus + +as a synonym of + +Papilio anaxarete + +and + +Dynastor mardonius + +as a synonym of + +Dynastor darius ictericus + +. Due to the sampling location, the citation by +Campos (1927) +probably refers to + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. + + + + +Type material. + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +was described based on an unspecified number of specimens from Brasilia [= +Brazil +, probably from the vicinity of +Rio de Janeiro +(Ilha Rasa in Guanabara Bay)] in the Banks collection, now in NHMUK. +One female +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ B.M. TYPE No. Rh. 6150 + +Papilio darius +♀ +Fab. + +/ + +Papilio darius +Fab. Entom. + +p. 482, n. 173. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + +FIGURE 10. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view; aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (DZ 54.314–DZUP). + + + + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +was described based on an unspecified number of specimens from +Suriname +. +One female +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Nº 23. + +ANAXARETE + +. Cr. I. 95. A.B. & IV. 374. A.B./ FELDER COLLN./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + +Dynastor darius ictericus + +Stichel, 1904 + + +was described based on +one male +[ +holotype +] from Sapucay [= Sapucaí or Sapucái] n[ear] Villa Rica, [ +Paraguarí +, +Guairá +, +Paraguay +] leg. +Forster +, Mus. Tring. The male [ +holotype +] is deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Sapucay, n. Villa Rica, ( +Foster +)./ +Dynast +. + +darius + +forma +ictericus +Stichel Type/. + + + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +was named based on the illustration of at least +one female +from +Paraguay +. +One female +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ Type H T/ Fruhstorfer Coll. B.M. 1937-285./ +Paraguay +ex coll. Fruhstorfer/ + +darius + + +mardonius +Fruhst. + +/. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +was described based on +three males +and +two females +from Candelária, + +Rio Grande +do Sul + +, [ +Brazil +]. +Two male +syntypes +were found at the NHMUK, with the following labels (1): / Type/ +Rio Grande +Brasil +. Fruhstorfer/ +faenius +. 5-129 Fruh./ Fruhstorfer Coll. B.M. 1937-285./; and (2): / Type/ +Rio Grande +Brasil +. Fruhstorfer/. + +D +. +darius faenius +Fruhst. + +/ Fruhstorfer Coll. B.M. 1937-285./ To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, the first +syntype +is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. The second +syntype +becomes automatically a +paralectotype +, and the following labels will be attached: / +PARALECTOTYPUS +/ +Paralectotypus + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + +Dynastor populus +Röber, 1927 + +was described based on +one male +[holo]type from Französ. Guayana [= +French Guiana +]. M. M. Casagrande, O. H. H. Mielke, and G. Lamas did not find the male [holo]type. It is possible that, as for other species described by Röber, the [holo]type of + +Dynastor populus + +became lost as a direct influence of war ( +Müller & Tennent 2018 +). Therefore, a female +neotype +of + +Dynastor populus +Röber, 1927 + +is hereby designated to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon. The specimen selected as +neotype +has the same morphological characters as illustrated in the original description and is deposited at the MfN, with the following labels: / coll. v. Schenck +Surinam +/ + +populus +Int. + +en. Z. Guben v. 21 Röber 1927/; the following labels will be attached: / +NEOTYPUS +/ +Neotypus + +Dynastor populus +Röber, 1927 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor darius + +differs from + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +, a morphologically similar and closely related species ( +Fig. 1 +), in having the VFW apical patch generally extending only to the apex, while + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +usually has this patch extending to the outer margin ( +Figs 8–9 +, +19–20 +). The male genitalia of both species are very similar ( +Figs 10 +, +21 +), but the female genitalia are not. While the female of + +Dynastor darius + +has a larger corpus bursae with two parallel signa and a broader lamella antevaginalis, the female of + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +has a smaller corpus bursae without signa and a smaller lamella antevaginalis ( +Figs 11 +, +22 +). + + + + +FIGURE 11. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of the signa; +c. +ventral view (DZ 54.266–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +Variation. +FW, length: male +46–56 mm +(n=5), female +55–62 mm +(n=5); width and color of the band that extends from the costal margin to M +3 +; size and shape of the spots between M +3 +and 2A. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. DHW, width and color of the band that extends from the costal margin to CuA +1 +. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots. + + + + +Comments. + +Dynastor darius + +shows variation in the wing pattern, which may explain the number of names proposed as subspecies. The examination of a series of specimens from several locations and the low DNA barcode divergence between specimens from different locations showed that many of the characters that supported the proposals of names, such as differences in the general color, the color of spots and bands, the shape of spots, the width of bands, and body size are variable. An example of variation is that some specimens from different locations in +Brazil +(Pará, +Mato Grosso +, +Rio de Janeiro +) and +Peru +( +Huánuco +) have a narrower band and smaller spots on the dorsal surface of the forewings. However, genitalia does not present differences compared to other specimens of + +Dynastor darius + +, and even genetic distances do not corroborate the separation of species/subspecies. Therefore, we consider as synonymous with + +Dynastor darius + +the following names: + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +, + +Dynastor darius ictericus +Stichel, 1904 + +, + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +, + +Dynastor darius faenius +Fruhstorfer, 1912 + +and + +Dynastor populus +Röber, 1927 + +. + +Dynastor darius + +is sympatric with + +Dynastor macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor napoleon + +. + + +Natural history. +Information on the immature stages of + +Dynastor darius + +can be found in +Burmeister (1873 +, +1879 +), +Monte (1934) +, +Rothschild (1916) +, +Biezanko (1960a +; b), +Urich & Emmel (1991b) +, + +Romero +et al +. (2005) + +; hybridization with + +Dynastor napoleon + +in +Otero & Casagrande (1992) +. + +Dynastor darius + +flies in the morning and evening twilight on the coast of +Paraná +, south of +Brazil +, at an elevation of + +100 m +. + +According to +Biezanko (1960b) +, it is bivoltine, flying in March, April, May, October, and November; based on the label data, we found that the species flies throughout the year. +Urich & Emmel (1991b) +mentioned that + +Dynastor darius + +and other + +Dynastor +species + +do not feed in adulthood. However, + +Romero +et al +. (2005) + +observed adults at dusk feeding on decaying mangoes in two locations in +Venezuela +: Palmichal ( +Carabobo +) and Choroní ( +Aragua +). + + +Hostplants: +Bromeliaceae +: + +Bromelia antiacantha +Bertol. + +, + +Ananas sativus +Schult. & Schult.f. + +( +Biezanko 1960a +; b), + +Billbergia nutans +H.H.Wendl. ex Regel + +, + +Billbergia speciosa +Thunb. + +, + +Aechmea fasciata +(Lindl.) Baker + +, + +Aechmea gamosepala +Wittm. ( +Biezanko 1960b +) + +, + +Ananas comosus + +(L.) Merril ( + +Penz +et al. +1999 + +; + +Romero +et al. +2005 + +), + +Aechmea nudicaulis + +(L.) Griseb ( +Urich & Emmel 1991b +), + +Vriesea +Lindl. ( +Otero & Casagrande 1992 +) + +. + + + +FIGURE 12. +Geographical distribution of + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +and + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www.inaturalist.org), respectively. + + + + +Geographic distribution. +Ecuador + +( +Napo +, +Morona-Santiago +); + +Peru + +( +Huánuco +, +San Martín +, +Junín +, +Loreto +, +Cuzco +, +Madre de Dios +); + +Bolivia + +( +Santa Cruz +, La Paz); + +Trinidad and Tobago + +(Tunapuna-Piarco); + +Venezuela + +(Caracas, +Aragua +, +Carabobo +); + +Guyana + +(Mazaruni-Potaro); + +Suriname + +(no data); + +French Guiana + +(no data); + +Brazil + +(Pará, Amazonas, +Mato Grosso +, +Mato Grosso do Sul +, +Ceará +, +Pernambuco +, +Alagoas +, +Bahia +, +Tocantins +, Distrito Federal, +Minas Gerais +, +Espírito Santo +, +Rio de Janeiro +, +São Paulo +, +Paraná +, +Santa Catarina +, + +Rio Grande +do Sul + +); + +Paraguay + +(Iguazú, +Cordillera +, Central, +Guairá +); + +Argentina + +(Misiones (Palo Jr. 2017), +Corrientes +( + +Klimaitis +et al. +2018 + +), +Chaco +, +Formosa +, +Santa Fe +( +Pastrana 2004 +), +Salta +, +Tucumán +) ( +Fig. 12 +), at elevations between 10 and +2,200 m +. + + +Temporal distribution. +Throughout the year. + + + + +Etymology. +The name probably refers to the ancient Persian kings. + + + +FIGURE 13. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +. Lectotype of + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + +Specimens examined. +Photos of the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor darius + +; +lectotype +of + +Papilio anaxarete + +; +holotype +of + +Dynastor darius ictericus + +; +lectotype +of + +Dynastor mardonius + +; +lectotype +of + +Dynastor darius faenius + +; +neotype +of + +Dynastor populus + +( +Figs 13–18 +), and the following specimens: + +ECUADOR + +: +Ecuador Oriente +—no locality, +2 males +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352870, 00352871 (AMNH). + +Napo + +—no locality, Yanahurco, +IX-1978 +, +1 female +, Lefebre leg., DZ 54.264 (DZUP). [ + +Morona-Santiago + +]—Macas, +VII-1921 +, +1 female +, E. W. Rorer leg., USNMENT01589337 (USNM). + +PERU + +: no department—no locality, 1980, +1 male +, ex-coll. M. Simon, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107799 (MGCL); +Río Huallaga +, +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352861 (AMNH). + +Loreto + +— Iquitos, +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352864 (AMNH), +100 m +, +VII-1988 +, +1 male +, Büche leg., OM 35.126 (DZUP-OM) Yurimaguas, +05°54’S +, +76°06’W +, +150 m +, n.d., +1 male +, +1 female +, O. Razzeto leg. (MUSM). + +Huánuco + +—no locality, +X-1976 +, +1 male +, USNMENT00941129 (USNM); +Río Huallaga +( + +15 km +N of Tingo María + +), +15–22-VIII-1981 +, +1 female +, ex-coll. M. Rojas, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107801 (MGCL); Tingo María, +670 m +, +IX-1990 +, +1 female +**, Büche leg., OM 35.156 (DZUP-OM), +30-VII-1980 +, +1 female +, D. & J. Jenkins leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107835 (MGCL), [ +09°18’S +, +76°00’W +, +670 m +], n.d., +1 male +(MUSM); Cordillera del Sira, ca. +09°25’S +, +74°45’W +, +800 m +, +IX-1987 +– +VIII-1988 +, +1 male +, Exp. Univ. Viena leg. (MUSM). + +San Martín + +—Moyobamba ( +Jepelacio +), +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352860 (AMNH). Tarapoto, +06°29’S +, +76°22’W +, +350 m +, +9-VI-2005 +, +1 female +, A. Silva leg (MUSM). + +Junín + +—Satipo, +1 male +, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352866, 00352867 (AMNH), +V-1944 +, +1 male +, +II-1945 +, +1 female +, P. Paprzycki leg., AMNH_IZC 00352862, 00352868 (AMNH); Chanchamayo, +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352863 (AMNH), ( +La Merced +) [ +11°03’S +, +75°19’W +], +800 m +, 1932, +2 males +MHN 1597 (MUSM), H[acien]da Chiriyacu [ +11°05’S +, +75°18’W +], +1200 m +, +6-II-1942 +, +1 male +, J. M. Schunke leg., MHN 1597 (MUSM), +Río Perené +[ca. +11°09’S +, +74°18’W +, +600 m +], n.d., +1 female +, MHN 1596 (MUSM), n.d., 2001, +1 female +, H. Rojas leg. (MUSM). + +Cuzco + +—Urubamba Valley, ( +Quillabamba +), 12º51’, 72º41’, +2,200 m +, +1 male +, R. E. Espinoza leg., OM 69.331 (DZUP-OM) [the altitude given is spurious]. + +Madre de Dios + +—Puerto Maldonado, +VII-1988 +, +1 male +, Büche leg., OM 35.519 (DZUP-OM). + +BOLIVIA + +: +La Paz +—Yungas de La Paz, +1,000 m +, +2 males +, H. Rolle leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107802, 1107804 (MGCL); Caranavi, ( +Caranavi Area +), + +1,100 +–2,100 +m + +, +XII-2002 +– +I-2003 +, +2 females +, Tello leg. OM 61.275, OM 61.303 (DZUP-OM). + +Santa Cruz + +—Buenavista ( +Ichilo +), +400 m +, +II-1958 +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107836 (MGCL). + +TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO + +: +Tunapuna-Piarco +—Saint Augustine, +12-III-1937 +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107812 (MGCL). + +VENEZUELA + +: +Caracas +—no locality, +1 male +, AMNH_IZC 00352858 (AMNH). + +Aragua + +—El Limón, +4-I-1971 +, +1 male +, Pantoja leg., DZ 54.261 (DZUP), +26-IX-1975 +, +1 female +, Fernández H. leg., DZ 54.262 (DZUP); Maracay, +450 m +, +28-II-1975 +, +1 female +, Fernández B. leg., DZ 54.263 (DZUP). + +Carabobo + +—Puerto Cabello, +16-VII-1979 +, +1 male +, J. B. Sullivan, USNMENT01589324 (USNM). + +GUYANA + +: +no subdivision +—Mazaruni-Potaro ( +Kaieteur Falls +), +5º 14’ N +, +59º 33’ W +, +200–450 m +, +18–25-XII-1989 +, +1 male +, S. Fratello leg., USNMENT01589325 (USNM). + +BRAZIL + +: +Pará +—no locality, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352890 (AMNH); +Rio Arapiuns +, +VII-1978 +, +1 female +, DZ 54.265 (DZUP), +I-1982 +, +1 male +, +III-1980 +, +1 female +, +VIII-1982 +, +1 female +, Kesselring leg., OM 91.408, OM 12.315, OM 91.448 (DZUP-OM); +Rio Arapiuns-Rio Tapajós +, +IX-1927 +, +1 female +*, DZ 54.266 (DZUP); Óbidos, 1958, +1 female +, DZ 54.267 (DZUP), I-VIII-1982, +1 male +*, Kesselring leg., OM 91.418 (DZUP-OM), +21-IX-1983 +, +1 male +, Miers leg., OM 91.398 (DZUP-OM); Oriximiná ( +Porto Trombetas +), +11-VII-1980 +, +1 female +**, Gifford leg., ex-coll. Gifford, DZ 52.732 (DZUP); Santo Antonio de Tauá ( +Reserva Sonho Azul +), +11-IV-2005 +, +1 male +*/**, P. Jauffret leg., DZ 52.727 (DZUP); Itaituba ( + +Rio Tapajós + +), +1 male +, ex-coll. LeMoult UFFLMNH MGCL 1107772 (MGCL). +Amazonas +-Manaus, INPA sede, +3º5’44”S +, +59º59’15”W +, +07-VII-1996 +, +1 female +, C. S. Motta leg., +15- X-1976 +, +1 female +, L. Albuquerque leg. (INPA); Maués, +3-III-2008 +, +1 female +, OM 70.538 (DZUP-OM). + +Mato Grosso + +—Diamantino, +2-V-1990 +, +1 female +, DZ 54.270 (DZUP), ( + +Fazenda São João + +), +300–400 m +, +11-II-1978 +, +1 male +, E. Furtado leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.271 (DZUP), +15-VI-1978 +, +1 female +, Furtado leg., OM 91.428 (DZUP-OM). + +Ceará + +—Crateús ( + +RPPN +Serra das Almas + +), +630 m +, +23-V-2014 +, +1 male +*/**, Melo & Rosa leg., DZ 52.725 (DZUP). + +Pernambuco + +—no locality, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352887 (AMNH); Pombos, +30- IV-2002 +, +2 females +**, N. Souza leg., DZ +52.729 +, +52.730 +(DZUP); Camaragibe, ( +Aldeia Bonsai +), +X-2021 +, +1 male +, P. Grossi leg., OM 93.763 (DZUP-OM). + +Alagoas + +— + +Rio Largo ( +Fazenda Riachão +) + +, +4-VIII-1992 +, +1 male +, Rego leg., DZ 54.272 (DZUP); Maceió, +26-VI-1946 +, +1 female +, +V-1967 +, +1 male +, +7-XI-1980 +, +1 male +, A. Cardoso leg., ex-coll. A. Cardoso, DZ 54.273, 54.274, 51.848 (DZUP). + +Bahia + +—Camacan ( + +Reserva +Serra Bonita + +), +200 m +, +3–10-XII-2016 +, +1 male +**, Mielke, Carneiro, Dias, Dolibaina & Santos leg., DZ 52.731 (DZUP). + +Tocantins + +—Porto Nacional, +27- VI-1974 +, +1 female +, DZ 54.279 (DZUP). +Distrito Federal +— +Rio +Maranhão, +27-VII-2001 +, +1 female +, Emery leg., ex-coll. E. Emery, DZ 54.275 (DZUP); Brasília ( +Reserva Ecológica IBGE +), +2-IX-2011 +, +1 male +**, O. Mielke leg., DZ 52.728 (DZUP), ( +UnB +), +16-V-1979 +, +1 female +, Rocha leg., DZ 54.276 (DZUP), +10-X-1977 +, +1 female +, +18-III-1977 +, +1 female +, A. Negrett leg., ex-coll. Gifford, DZ +54.277 +, +54.278 +(DZUP); Planaltina ( +Córrego Grotão +), +912 m +, +4-II-2012 +, +1 male +*/**, Emery leg., ex-coll. E. Emery, DZ 52.733 (DZUP). + +Mato Grosso do Sul + +—Bela Vista, 1931, +2 females +, ex-coll. A. Cardoso, DZ +54.268 +, +54.269 +(DZUP). + +Minas Gerais + +—Pirapora, +16-XI-1977 +, +1 male +, Moure & Sakakibara leg., DZ 54.281 (DZUP); Barbacena ( + +Serra da Mantiqueira + +), +1,100 m +, +5-X-1952 +, +1 male +, H. Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.280 (DZUP); Uberaba, +1 male +, ex-coll. LeMoult, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107774 (MGCL); Carmo do +Rio Claro +, +11-II-1959 +, +1 male +, +06-II-1959 +, +1 female +, O. Mielke leg., OM 2617, OM 2616 (DZUP-OM); Conceição da Aparecida, +04-II-1960 +, +1 male +, O. Mielke leg., OM 3173 (DZUP-OM); Conceição dos Ouros, +25-XII-2022 +, +1 male +, Pereira leg., OM 92.358 (DZUP-OM), ( + +Serra Grande + +), +1,365 m +, +08-II-2023 +, +1 male +, O. Mielke & Casagrande leg., OM 59.064 (DZUP-OM). + +Espírito Santo + +—Santa Teresa, +14-XI-1967 +, +1 female +, C. & C.T. Elias leg., DZ 54.282 (DZUP); Conceição da Barra, +26-VIII-1969 +, +1 male +*, C. & C.T. Elias leg., DZ 2338 (DZUP). + +Rio de Janeiro + +—no locality, +1 male +, USNMENT01589326 (USNM), +1 male +, ex-coll. W. Schaus, USNMENT01589329 (USNM), 1928, +1 male +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107791 (MGCL), +1 male +, ex-coll. A. Cardoso, DZ 54.284 (DZUP), +150 m +, +17-III-1951 +, +1 male +, +6–9-II-1968 +, +1 female +, H. Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ +54.293 +, +54.294 +(DZUP); Saquarema, +23-VI-1941 +, +1 male +, DZ 54.283 (DZUP); Nova Friburgo, +II-2007 +, +1 male +**, +1 female +**, E. Grossi leg., DZ +52.724 +, +51.858 +(DZUP); +Rio de Janeiro +( +Jacarepaguá—Três Rios +), +14-VI-1965 +, +1 female +, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 54.285 (DZUP), ( + +Leme + +), +2-XII-1961 +, +1 female +, ex-coll. R. Frey, DZ 54.286 (DZUP), ( +Piedade +), +10-VI-1924 +, +1 male +, +2-I-1925 +, +1 female +, Ferreira D’Almeida, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ +54.287 +, +54.288 +(DZUP), ( + +Tijuca + +), 1970, +1 male +, C. Callaghan leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107788 (MGCL); Petrópolis, +5-IV-1962 +, +1 male +, +30-X-1959 +, +1 female +, +20-X-1965 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ +54.290 +–54.292 +(DZUP), ( +Independência +), +900 m +, +15-XI-1935 +, +1 female +, Gagarin leg., ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 54.289 (DZUP); Itatiaia, ( +Parque Nacional de Itatiaia +), +900 m +, +28-VI-1962 +, +1 female +, +1 male +, O. Mielke leg., OM 2232, OM 4477 (DZUP-OM). + +São Paulo + +—no locality, +28-I-1974 +, +1 female +, ex-coll.A. Cardoso, DZ 54.295 (DZUP), +2 males +, ex-coll. F. Lemmer, AMNH_IZC 00352877, 00352880 (AMNH), ( + +Alto da +Serra + +), +4-I-1937 +, +1 male +, +22-XII-1936 +, +1 male +, Travassos F. leg., ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ +54.298 +, +54.299 +(DZUP); +Rio Claro +, +600 m +, +4-X-1969 +, +1 female +, H. Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.297 (DZUP); Campinas, +X-1976 +, +1 male +, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.302 (DZUP), +750 m +, +6-XII-1976 +, +1 male +, +26-XII-1976 +, +1 female +, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ +54.303 +, +54.304 +(DZUP); Mogi das Cruzes, +600 m +, +6-VIII-1927 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.301 (DZUP); +São Sebastião +( + +Praia de Juqueí + +), +22-II-1977 +, +1 female +, A. Cardoso leg., ex-coll. A. Cardoso, DZ 54.296 (DZUP); Brotas ( +Campo Alegre +), +250 m +, +1-IV-1966 +, +1 male +, Ebert leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ 54.300 (DZUP). + +Paraná + +—no locality, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352876 (AMNH); +Campina Grande do Sul +, +2-II-2021 +, +1 male +, +26-I-2021 +, +1 female +, M. Casagrande leg., DZ +52.565 +, +52.566 +(DZUP); Querência do Norte ( +RPPN Fazenda Santa Fé +), +23°05’37”S +, +53°35’43”W +, +230 m +, +11–12-IX-2018 +, +1 male +, Casagrande, Mielke, Carneiro e Orlandin leg., DZ 57.267 (DZUP); Paranaguá ( + +Ipanema + +), +20-XI-1993 +, +1 male +, O. Mielke leg., OM 37.927 (DZUP-OM), ( +Floresta Estadual do Palmito +), +10–20 m +, +26-VIII-2014 +, +1 male +, Leviski, Queiroz-Santos & Santos leg., DZ 54.305 (DZUP); Guaíra, +29-V-1983 +, +1 male +*, Lingnau leg., DZ 54.306 (DZUP); +Pontal do Paraná +( +Atami +), +10 m +, +26-XII-2007 +, +1 male +, Mielke leg., DZ 54.307 (DZUP); Tibagi, +2-X-2003 +, +1 male +, +15-XI-2003 +, +1 female +, O.—C. Mielke leg., OM 63.038, OM 63.361 (DZUP-OM), +3-V-2003 +, +1 male +, O. Mielke leg., OM 61.322 (DZUP-OM), +27- X-2003 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, +1-XI-2003 +, +1 female +, +6-XI-2003 +, +1 male +, O. & C. Mielke leg., DZ +54.308 +–54.311 +(DZUP); Guarapuava, +900 m +, +13-II-1980 +, +1 female +, +18-II-1980 +, +2 males +*, +27-II-1980 +, +1 male +, +28-II-1980 +, +2 females +, O.-C. Mielke & Miers leg., DZ +54.312 +–54.317 +(DZUP); Ponta Grossa, +XI-1939 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 54.318 (DZUP), +IV-1941 +, +1 female +, Hatschbach leg., ex-coll. D’Almeida, DZ 54.326 (DZUP), +I-1954 +, +1 female +, +II-1944 +, +1 female +, +X-1954 +, +1 female +, +IX-1954 +, +1 male +, +IX-1940 +, +1 male +, +IX-1957 +, +1 male +, +VII-1939 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Justus Jr, DZ +54.319 +–54.325 +(DZUP), +IX-1952 +, +1 female +, +X-1952 +, +1 female +, F. J. Jr. leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107792, 1107793 (MGCL);Arapoti, +XII-1947 +, +1 female +, ex-coll.F.Johnson,AMNH_IZC 00352886 (AMNH); Castro, +1 male +, ex-coll. W. Schaus, USNMENT01589332 (USNM). + +Santa Catarina + +—no locality, +1 male +, USNMENT01589331 (USNM), +1 male +, +1 female +, ex-coll. E. T. Owen, USNMENT01589333, 01589334 (USNM), +1 male +, H. Gerstner leg., ex-coll. Emem, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107798 (MGCL), +1 female +, AMNH_IZC 00352882 (AMNH), +1 female +, ex-coll. H. Edwards, AMNH_IZC 00352884 (AMNH), +2 males +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352873, 00352874 (AMNH); +Santa Catarina +— Seara ( +Nova Teutônia +), +II-1982 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, +I-1982 +, +2 males +, Fritz Plaumann leg., DZ 54.330, 54.327–54.329 (DZUP); +São Bento +do Sul, +850 m +, +XII-1973 +, +1 male +, +XII-1972 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ +54.331 +, +54.332 +(DZUP), +10-IX-1970 +, +1 female +*, Weiss leg., ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 2531 (DZUP), +26-III-1971 +, +1 female +, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 54.333 (DZUP), ( + +Rio Vermelho + +), +850 m +, +8-XII-1999 +, +1 male +, +12-II-1972 +, +1 female +, +24-XI-1971 +, +1 male +, +22-II-1971 +, +1 male +, Rank leg., DZ +54.334 +–54.337 +(DZUP), +X-1969 +, +1 male +, USNMENT00941195 (USNM); Florianópolis, Lagoa do Peri, +19-X-2003 +, +1 male +**, Mielke & Carneiro leg., DZ 52.726 (DZUP); Mafra, +XI-1969 +, +2 males +, +2 females +, Weiss leg., ex-coll. H. Ebert, DZ +54.338 +–54.341 +(DZUP), +9-III-1997 +, +1 female +, Reynavo leg., DZ 54.342 (DZUP); Joinville, +VIII-1970 +, +1 female +*, +19-X-1980 +, +1 female +*, Miers leg., DZ 2337, 54.343 (DZUP), +17-IX-1970 +, +1 male +*, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 54.344 (DZUP), +II-1984 +, +2 males +, Miers leg., ex-coll. D. & J. Jenkins, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107794, 1107795 (MGCL), +II-1984 +, +2 males +, Miers leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107829, 1107832 (MGCL), +VI-1969 +, +1 female +, ex-coll. Flaspohler, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107797 (MGCL), +21-IX-1973 +, +1 male +, +2-XI-1973 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, USNMENT01589328, 00941193, 00941194 (USNM); Corupá, +XII-1968 +, +1 male +, ex-coll. Flaspohler, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107796 (MGCL), +1 male +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352875 (AMNH), +1 male +, +1 female +, AMNH_IZC 00352879, 00352883 (AMNH). + + +Rio Grande +do Sul + + +—Pelotas, +18-III-1939 +, +1 male +, Rosa Figueiredo leg., DZ 54.345 (DZUP), +3-IV-1956 +, +1 male +, +18- I-1956 +, +1 female +, +30-XI-1957 +, +1 female +, +1-XI-1956 +, +1 male +, C. Biezanko leg., AMNH_IZC 00352892–00352895 (AMNH). + +PARAGUAY + +: [ + +Alto Paraná + +]—Iguazú, +24-X-2007 +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107833 (MGCL). + +Cordillera + +—Santísima Trinidad, +25º 15’ S +, +57º 38’ W +, VI, +1 male +, B. Podtiaguin leg., AMNH_IZC 00352897 (AMNH). +Central +—Nueva Itália, +23-XI-1940 +, +1 male +, P. Willim leg., ex-coll. F. E. Church, AMNH_IZC 00352898 (AMNH). + +ARGENTINA + +: + +Salta + +—Tartagal, +500 m +, +11-III-1975 +, +1 female +, B. N. MacPherson leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107837 (MGCL). + +Tucumán + +—Yerba Buena, +700 m +, +8-II-1991 +, +1 male +, K. Johnson leg., AMNH_IZC 00352899 (AMNH). + + + +FIGURE 14. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +. Lectotype of + +Papilio anaxarete +Cramer, 1776 + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +FIGURE 15. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +. [Holotype] of + +Dynastor darius ictericus +Stichel, 1904 + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +FIGURE 16. + +Dynastor darius +(Fabricius, 1775) + +. Lectotype of + +Dynastor mardonius +Fruhstorfer, 1911 + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +iNaturalist records: + +BRAZIL + +: + +Mato Grosso + +— +Alta Floresta +, +9°35’50.4”S +, +55°55’49.1”W +, + +16-XII-2021 + + +, + +Diego Ferreira +(available at: inaturalist.org/observations/104314945. Accessed + +June 30, 2023 + +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B4D7D7AFF18FAC6328835AA.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4D7D7AFF18FAC6328835AA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4c809be2fb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4D7D7AFF18FAC6328835AA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,783 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor +Doubleday, [1849] + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–42 +) + + + + + +Dynastor +Doubleday, [1849] + +. +Gen. diurn. Lep. 1 +, pl. 58, fig. 2 (d); Brazil; only included species: + +Dynastor napoleon + +.— +Westwood, 1851 +, +in +Doubleday. +Gen. diurn. Lep. 2, +p. 346; +syn +.: + +Megastes +Boisduval, MS. + +—Lucas, 1851, +in +Chenu (ed.). +Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn. +, p. 170.—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19 +(5): 64.— Prittwitz, 1865. +Stett. ent. Zeit. 26 +(10/12): 310.—Butler, [1870]. +Cat. Diurn. Lep. Fabricius +, p. 40.—Kirby, 1871. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, p. 127.—Burmeister, l873. +Rev. & Mag. Zool. 3 +(1): 43; biol.— +Scudder, 1875 +. +Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10 +(2): 160, 213; +syn +.: + +Megastes +Boisduval, 1870 + +.—Wallace, 1876. +Geogr. Distr. Anim. 2 +, p. 472.—Kirby, 1877. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, +Suppl. +, p. 716.— +Kirby, 1879 +. +Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson, +p. 108.— +Burmeister, 1879 +. +Descr. phys. Rép. Arg. 5, Atlas +, p. 23; biol.— +Godman & Salvin, 1881 +. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 +(12), p. 122.—Gerhard, 1883. +Berl. ent. Ztschr. 27 +(2): 179.—W. Müller, 1886. +Zool. Jahrb., Syst. 1 +(3/4), p. 172; biol.— +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214.— +Glaser, 1887 +. +Cat. etymol. Col. Lep. +, p. 287; etymol.— +Röber, 1889 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(5), p. 191.—Reuter, 1896. +Acta Soc. Sc. Fenn. 22 +(1): 410; morph.— +Stichel, 1902 +. +Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 +(4): 523.— +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 2 (venation).—Pagenstecher, 1909. +Geogr. Verbr. Schmett. +, p. 413.— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 20.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 288.— +Rothschild, 1916 +. +Novit. Zool +. +23 +(3): 309.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 17.—Bates, 1932. +Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 27 +(3): 155; biol.—Hemming, 1941. +Jour. Soc. Bibl. Nat. Hist. 1 +(11): 421.— +Hayward, 1951 +. +Acta zool. lill. 9: +219.—Ehrlich, 1958. +Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 39 +(8): 351; morph.—L. Miller, 1968. +Mem. Amer. Ent. Soc. 24 +: 25.—Hayward, 1973. +Op. Lill. 23 +: 241.— +DeVries, 1987 +. + +Butt. +Costa Rica + +, p. 249; biol., ecol.—Ackery, 1988. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 33 +(2): 99; hostplant.—Bristow, 1991. +Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 +(3): 214.— +Casagrande, 2002 +. +Rev. bras. Zool. 19 +(2): 468; biol.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. +Brassolini +, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). + +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. +5A + +, p. 203; +syn +.: + +Megastes +Westwood, 1851 + +, unavail. (ICZN, Art. 11.6), + +Megastes +Boisduval, 1870 + +.— +Penz, 2007 +. +Syst. Ent. 32 +(4): 670; phylog.—Peña & Wahlberg, 2008. +Biol. Lett. 4 +(3): 275; phylog.— Wahlberg +et al +., 2009. +Proc. r. Soc. B 276 +(1677): 4298; phylog.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 1, figs 1, 4, 6, 7d, 8c, e, g, h, j–l. +— + +Penz +et al +., 2013 + +. +Syst. Ent. 38 +(2): 318; phylog. +— +Penz & Mohammadi, 2013. +Biota Neotrop. 13 +(3): 159.— + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. 2021 + +. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 133 +(3): 711, fig. 2 (phylogenetic tree); phylog. + + + +Megastes +Westwood, 1851 + +(Boisduval MS), +in +Doubleday. +Gen. diurn. Lep. 2 +, p. 346; unavail. (ICZN, Art. 11.6 as synonym of + +Dynastor + +).— +Scudder, 1875 +. +Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10 +(2): 213. + + + +Megastes +Boisduval, 1870 + +. + +Consid. Lép. env. +Guatemala +, + +p. 53; Brazil, Colombia and +Guatemala +; included species: + +Megastes macrosiris +and +Megastes darius + +; preocc. Guenée, 1854 ( +Lepidoptera +).— +Scudder, 1875 +. +Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10 +(2): 213.— +Hemming, 1943 +. +Proc. r. ent. Soc. London (B) 12 +(2): 26; +type +species: + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +.— +Hemming, 1967 +. +Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Ent., +Suppl. 9: 281. + + + + + +Type +species of + +Dynastor + + +: + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +, by monotypy ( +Scudder 1875 +; +Hemming 1967 +). + + + +Type +species of + +Megastes +Boisduval, 1870 + + +: + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, 1775 + +( +Hemming 1943 +). + + +Taxonomic history. +Doubleday ([1849]) named + +Dynastor + +in an illustration of + +Dynastor napoleon + +. +Westwood (1851) +, continuing the study, included + +Papilio darius +Fabricius, +1775 + +in + +Dynastor + +and described + +Brassolis macrosiris + +from +French Guiana +. +Bates (1864) +described + +Brassolis strix + +from +Guatemala +, and +Butler (1872) +described + +Dynastor stygianus + +from +Costa Rica +. +Kirby (1879) +retained + +Papilio darius + +in + +Dynastor + +but transferred + +Brassolis macrosiris + +to + +Opsiphanes +Doubleday, [1849] + +. +Godman & Salvin (1881) +maintained + +Dynastor napoleon + +and + +Dynastor darius + +and transferred + +Brassolis macrosiris + +and + +Brassolis strix + +to + +Dynastor + +, based on the rounded wings and the gradually clubbed antennae; +Röber (1889) +and +Stichel (1902) +followed this decision. +Stichel (1904) +was the first to consider species already described for the genus at the subspecific level, with + +Dynastor darius darius + +and + +Dynastor darius stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +and + +Dynastor macrosiris macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor macrosiris strix + +. + +Dynastor + +was revised by +Stichel (1909) +and +Fruhstorfer (1912) +. + + + +Megastes +Westwood, 1851 + +is unavailable as it was published as a synonym of + +Dynastor + +(ICZN 1999, Art. 11.6). + + + +Megastes +Boisduval, 1870 + +, for which the +type +species is + +Papilio darius + +, designated by +Hemming (1943) +, was considered by the same author (1967) as a valid name, not being invalidated under the Law of Homonymy, because + +Megastes +Westwood, 1851 + +, was unavailable ( +Hemming 1967 +). However, Boisduval’s name is invalid as a junior homonym of + +Megastes +Guenée, 1854 + +( +Lepidoptera +) ( +Scudder [1884] +). Strangely, this fact was ignored by +Hemming (1967) +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor +species + +are unique among the +Brassolini +and are differentiated by their rounded wings, disruptive wing pattern, especially on the hind wings, and by the large size of the body. The larvae are unique in +Brassolini +in feeding on bromeliads ( +Bromeliaceae +). + + + + + +Redescription. +Head. + +Eyes naked, except in + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +and + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +which has small setae; labial palpus brown with two lines of cream scales, one lateral and the other ventral, less evident in + +Dynastor napoleon + +, with the distal joint about one-third the length of the basal joint. + + +Thorax. +Brown dorsally and ventrally, except + +Dynastor napoleon + +, which has dorsally orange prothorax and brown meso and metathorax, ventrally all thoracic segments orange; legs brown except the prothoracic legs of + +Dynastor napoleon + +, which are orange. + + +Forewing +. Length: male +44–72 mm +(n=24), female +55–87 mm +(n=24). Costal margin convex; outer margin straight, slightly crenulated, or convex; inner margin straight. DFW between R +3 +and M +1 +with orange ( + +Dynastor napoleon + +), whitish or yellowish (other species) apical spots, species may or may not show a whitish or yellowish oblique band; ground color dark-brown. VFW basal and discal regions mostly with a disruptive pattern; postdiscal region with a conspicuous or not oblique band and colorful spots or patches concentrated mainly in the apical region. +Hindwing +. Costal and outer margins rounded; the outer margin may be smooth or slightly crenulated; inner margin is less rounded than the costal and outer margins. DHW with a marginal band and dark-brown ground color, + +Dynastor darius + +and + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +have also a postdiscal band. VHW with a conspicuous ripple pattern in + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +; in + +Dynastor napoleon + +resembles a dead leaf; in + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +and + +Dynastor darius + +the VFH is similar to + +Dynastor napoleon + +, but without CuA well marked; rounded, elongated, or other shaped spots in Sc+R +1 +–Rs, M +1 +–M +2 +, and CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +. + + + +Abdomen +. + +Brown, except + +Dynastor napoleon + +(orange), + +Dynastor darius + +, and + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +(ochre) ventrally. + + + +FIGURE 1. +Phylogenetic tree (Maximum Likelihood) inferred with IQ–TREE based on five molecular markers: cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) (mitochondrial), elongation factor 1–alpha (EF–1α), ribosomal protein S5 (RpS5), wingless (wg), Glyceraldehyde–3–phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (nuclear), rooted in + +Bia actorion +(Linnaeus, 1763) + +. Numbers indicate SH-aLRT/UFBoot. The scale bar represents the expected number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Data of the specimens used are described in Table 1. + + + +Male genitalia +. Tegumen sub-quadrate in lateral view; dorsal arms of saccus slightly longer than ventral arms of tegumen; anterior projection of saccus with variable length and width; uncus in dorsal view triangular, with basal half enlarged, tapering distally, and in lateral view curving ventrally; gnathos in lateral view forming varied angles, distally bifurcated, the bifurcated regions may be proportional in length, or the ventral may be longer than the dorsal; valvae wider at the base, tapering distally, elongated or triangular from medial to distal region, dorso-distal region asymmetrical; aedeagus nearly straight, narrower distally, with or without spines along the median region, with an anterodorsal or dorsal opening to the ejaculatory bulb, and dorsal or subapical opening for the vesica; triangular fultura inferior, variable in width. + + +Female genitalia +. Tergum VIII rectangular; anterior apophysis atrophied; lamella antevaginalis membranous, with sparse sclerotization in the wrinkled median region; lamella postvaginalis sclerotized, with the median portion of different shapes; ostium membranous; ductus bursae membranous, basal region of ductus seminalis sclerotized; corpus bursae membranous, rounded or elongated, on the ventral or lateral side with two parallel signa, or without signa; apophysis posterioris almost as long as tergum VIII; papilla analis with sclerotized anterior portion, taller than long, covered with long hair-like scales in the distal region. + + +Variation. +Examination of a series of specimens showed that males and females of all species vary in the size, shape, and color of the apical spots between R +3 +and M +1 +of the DFW. + + + + +Comments. +Molecular analyses combining one mitochondrial gene and four nuclear genes recovered + +Dynastor + +as monophyletic (SH-aLRT 100 / UFBoot 96) ( +Fig. 1 +), supporting previous hypotheses based on analyses of morphological and molecular data ( +Penz 2007 +; + +Penz +et al +. 2013 + +; + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. 2021 + +). Considering the molecular analyses and adult morphology, we treat + +Dynastor + +as containing seven species and eight synonyms (two of them generic synonyms). + + + + + +Etymology of + +Dynastor + + +: From Greek, the name means a ruler or sovereign ( +Glaser 1887 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D70FF18FA6C334D315A.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D70FF18FA6C334D315A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51c2e47a54a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D70FF18FA6C334D315A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1600 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + + + + + + + +( +Figs 2–7 +) + + + + + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +. +Gen. diurn. Lep. 1 +, pl. 58, fig. 2 (d).—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19 +(5): 64.—Kirby, 1871. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, p. 127.— +Scudder, 1875 +. +Proc. Amer. Ac. Arts & Sc. 10 +(2): 160.— +Kirby, 1879 +. +Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson, +p. 108.— +Burmeister, 1879 +. +Descr. phys. Rép. Arg. 5, Atlas +, p. 23; biol.— +Godman & Salvin, 1881 +. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 +(12), p. 122.—Staudinger, 1886, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(15), pl. 72 (female d, v).— +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214.—Schatz, 1888, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(4), pl. 32 (venation).— +Röber, 1889 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(5), p. 192.— +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 10.— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 27.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 290, pl. 62b (d).— +Rothschild, 1916 +. +Novit. Zool +. +23 +(3): 309, pl. 3, figs 5 (larva), 6 (pupa); biol.—Costa Lima, 1928. +Arch. Esc. Sup. Agr. Med. Vet. 8 +(1/2): 138; hostplant.—Zikán, 1928. +Ent. Rdsch. 45 +(3): 10.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 22.—Hemming, 1941. +Jour. Soc. Bibl. Nat. Hist. 1 +: 458.— +Hemming, 1943 +. +Proc. r. ent. Soc. London (B) 12 +(2): 26.—Biezanko & Ruffinelli, 1962. +Rev. Fac. Agron. +, Montevideo, +50 +: 145.—J. Zikán & W. Zikán, 1968. +Pesq. agropec. bras. 3 +: 50; hostplant.—Silva +et al +., 1968. + +Quarto Cat. Ins. viv. Plantas +Brasil +2 + +(1), p. 328; hostplant.—Smart, 1975. +Enc. Butt. World +, p. 240, fig. 1 (male v).— +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163, 175, 209, fig. 40 (geogr. distr.); biogeogr.—D’Abrera, 1987. +Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3 +, p. 394, 395 (figs male d, female v).—Ackery, 1988. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 33 +(2): 100; hostplant.— +Emmel, 1991 +. +Trop. Lep. 2 +(2): 151, fig. 1a, b (larvae d).—Casagrande, 1992. +Rev. bras. Ent. 36 +(4): 723, fig. 5 (male d, v); biol., hostplant.—Casagrande, 1995. +Rev. bras. Zool. 12 +(3): 683, fig. 21 (female gen.).— + +Penz +et al +., 1999 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 +(4): 148; hostplant.— +Casagrande, 2002 +. +Rev. bras. Zool. 19 +(2): 471; biol.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203; +syn +.: +maculatus +.— Santin, 2004. +Répert. plantes-hôtes subst. chen. lépid. monde +(2 +nd +ed.), +2 +, p. 858; hostplant.—D’Abrera, 2005. +World Butt. +, p. 94, 245, pl. 125, fig. 2 (male d).— +Penz, 2007 +. +Syst. Ent. 32 +(4): 674; phylog.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 2, figs 1a (male d, v), b (female d), 4, 6 (phylogenetic tree), 8h, j (male gen.), +9g +(female gen.). +— +Santos +et al +., 2011. +Biota Neotrop. 11 +(3): 272.— + +Penz +et al +., 2013 + +. +Syst. Ent. 38 +(2): 3; phylog. +— +Penz & Mohammadi, 2013. + +Biota +Neotrop. +13 + +(3): 155.—Pérez +et al +., 2017. +Shilap Revta. lepid. 45 +(179): 444.— + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. 2021 + +. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 133 +(3): 711, fig. 2 (phylogenetic tree); phylog. + + + +Dynastor napoleo + +[ +sic +]; +Westwood, 1851 +, +in +Doubleday. +Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, +p. 347; +Brazil +.—Lucas, 1851, +in +Chenu (ed.). +Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn. +, p. 171. + + + + + +Dynastor napoléon + +[ +sic +]; Burmeister, l873. +Rev. & Mag. Zool. 3 +(1): 44; biol. + + + +Dynastor napoleon + + +f. +maculatus +Niepelt, 1922. +Int. ent. Ztschr. 16 +(8): 68; +1 female +[ +holotype +]; +Rio de Janeiro +, [ +Brazil +] + +. + + + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculata +[ +sic +]; +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 22. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Brazil, Santa Catarina (DZ 49.739– DZUP). The black arrow indicates the diagnostic character of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Brazil, +Rio de Janeiro +(UFFLMNH MGCL 1107864–MGCL). + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Dynastor napoleon + +has been cited in reviews, catalogs, checklists, and natural history studies, with no taxonomic modifications since its description. + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +was treated as a form of + +Dynastor napoleon + +until it was considered a subjective synonym by +Casagrande (2004) +. + + + + +Type material +. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +was named based on an illustration, without indication of provenance. The description and geographical distribution (“ +Brazil +”) were supplied afterwards by +Westwood (1851) +. +One female +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type / + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubl. Hew. (Napoleo. Boisd M.S.) + +Type +♀ +./ B.M. TYPE No. Rh. 6104 + +Dynastor napoleon + +, +♀ +Bates./ + +Dynastor napoleon + +(B) D4 #.pl 58 f2/. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen (presumably the single one on which Hewitson’s illustration in Doubleday was based) is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view; aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (DZ 49.740–DZUP). + + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of the corpus bursae without signa; +c. +ventral view (DZ 49.351–DZUP). + + + + +FIGURE 6. +Geographical distribution of + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +. Asterisk (*) inside the sampled locality indicates that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography. + + + + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +Niepelt, 1922 was described based on +one female +[ +holotype +] from +Rio de Janeiro. According +to ICZN (Art. 45.6.4), as + +Dynastor napoleon + +forma +maculatus +was first published before 1961, the name has a subspecific rank. M. M. Casagrande, O. H. H. Mielke, and G. Lamas did not find the +holotype +. Dr. Marek Wanat, the curator of the MNHW, where Niepelt’s specimens are deposited ( + +Jałoszyński +et al. +2014 + +), informed the authors that this +holotype +was not found in the institution and is believed to be lost. Therefore, a female +neotype +of + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +Niepelt, 1922 is hereby designated to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon. The specimen selected as +neotype +is the same here designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +, as interpreted by +Casagrande (2004) +, has the same morphological characters as defined in the original description, is deposited at the NHMUK, and the following label will be attached: / +Neotypus + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +Niepelt, 1922, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor napoleon + +is easily distinguished from its congeners in having the DHW with an orange band extending from the costal to the inner margin (figs 2–3). + + + + +Variation. +FW, length: male +50–72 mm +(n=5), female +68–87 mm +(n=5). DFW, size and shape of the spots that form the oblique band. VFW, number, size, shape, and color of the yellowish spots; shape and color of the grayish apical patch. DHW, width of the marginal band. VHW, size and shape of the spots in Sc+R +1 +–Rs, M +1 +–M +2 +, and CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +. + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +. Lectotype of + +Dynastor napoleon +Doubleday, [1849] + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +Comments. + +Dynastor napoleon + +is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, occurring at relatively high elevations (850– +1,800 m +). This species was added to the list of endangered fauna in the State of +Rio de Janeiro +as vulnerable ( + +Otero +et al. +2000 + +), but with insufficient data to assess its status throughout the country ( + +Camargo +et al. +2018 + +). + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +Niepelt, 1922 was proposed based on the shape and color of the spots that form the DFW band, two variable characters. Therefore, it is confirmed that + +Dynastor napoleon + +f. +maculatus +is synonymous with + +Dynastor napoleon + +. + + +Natural history. +Information on the immature stages of + +Dynastor napoleon + +can be found in +Burmeister (1879) +, +Rothschild (1916) +and +Emmel (1991) +; hybridization with + +Dynastor darius + +in +Otero & Casagrande (1992) +. + +Dynastor napoleon + +is found in the highest mountain valleys north of the bay of +Rio de Janeiro +, in Nova Friburgo and Petrópolis ( +Burmeister 1879 +); larvae were also found in Curitiba, +Paraná +, +Brazil +, at an urban park (voucher DZUPIL 016) and in +São Bento +do Sul, +Santa Catarina +, +Brazil +(voucher DZUPIL 014). + + +Hostplants: +Bromeliaceae +: + +Aechmea +sp. + +( + +Costa +Lima +1927 + +), “pineapple bromeliad” ( +Emmel 1991 +), + +Vriesea +Lindl. ( +Otero & Casagrande 1992 +) + +. + + + +Geographic distribution. +Brazil + +( +Minas Gerais +, +Espírito Santo +, +Rio de Janeiro +, +São Paulo +, +Paraná +, +Santa Catarina +, + +Rio Grande +do Sul + +) ( +Fig. 6 +), at elevations between 850 and +1,800 m +. + + +Temporal distribution. +January–April, September–December. + + + + +Etymology. +Named in honor of French Emperor +Napoléon Bonaparte. + + +Specimens examined. +Photos of the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor napoleon + +( +Fig. 7 +), and the following specimens: + +BRAZIL + +: + +Minas Gerais + +—Passa Quatro, + + +1,650 m + +, + +23-II-1957 + +, +1 female +, +A. Pereira +leg., ex-coll. R. +Frey +, DZ 49.790 ( +DZUP +) + +. + + +Espírito Santo + +— +Santa Tereza + +, + +1 female +, ex-coll. +D’Almeida +, DZ 49.699 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +500 m + +, + +17- IX-1972 + +, +1 male +*, +Gentilli +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ 2415 ( +DZUP +) + +. + +Rio de Janeiro + +—no locality, + + +31-I-1927 + +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107864 ( +MGCL +) + +; + +Petrópolis + +, + + +21-I-1963 + +, +2 males +, +Gagarin +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ +49.569 +, +49.770 +( +DZUP +) + +, + +2 females +, AMNH_IZC 00352909, 00352913 ( +AMNH +) + +, + +1 male +, ex-coll. W. +Schaus +, USNMENT01589348 ( +USNM +) + +, +1 male +, +1 female +, +19-I-1909 +, +1 female +, + + +15-I-1909 + +, +1 male +, USNMENT01589353, 01589354, 01589356, 01589357 ( +USNM +) + +, + +Nova Friburgo +, ( + +Muri + +) + +, + + +19-II-1957 + +, +1 female +, +O. Mielke +leg., OM 247 ( +DZUP-OM +), ( + +Independência + +) + +, + + +16-I-1929 + +, +1 female +, +Gagarin +leg., ex-coll. +D’Almeida +, DZ 49.651 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +29- XI-1970 + +, +1 male +, +Gagarin +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ 49.559 ( +DZUP +), ( + +Parque São Vicente + +) + +, + + +23-I-1963 + +, +1 female +, +Gagarin +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ 49.339 ( +DZUP +) + +. + + +São Paulo + +—[ +Campos do Jordão +] ( + +Umuarama + +) + +, + + +1,800 m + +, + +3–5- II-1937 + +, +2 males +, +Gagarin +leg., ex-coll. H. +Ebert +, DZ 49.720, 2408 ( +DZUP +) + +. + + +Paraná + +— +Curitiba + +, + + +9-II-1968 + +, +1 male +, +Moure +leg., DZ 49.789 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +10-II-1979 + +, +1 female +*, +Sales +leg., DZ 2336 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +25-I-1971 + +, +1 male +*, +Flori +leg., DZ 2339 ( +DZUP +) + +, +900 m +, +23-XII-1969 +, +1 male +, + + +15-II-1967 + +, +1 female +, +O. Mielke +leg., DZ +49.760 +, +49.579 +( +DZUP +) + +; Ponta Grossa, +XII-1947 +, +1 male +, +2 females +, +13-XII-1947 +, +1 male +, +XI-1947 +, +3 males +, 1952, +1 male +, + + +IX-1952 + +, +1 female +, +F. Justus +leg., ex-coll. +D’Almeida +, DZ 49.479, 49.529, 49.729, 49.459, 49.799, 49.639, 49.769, 49.590, 49.679 ( +DZUP +) + +; + +Castro + +, + +1 male +, ex-coll. W. +Schaus +, USNMENT01589350 ( +USNM +) + +. + +Santa Catarina + +—no locality, +14-IX-1967 +, +1 male +, 11-XII-956, +1 male +, +12-XII-1956 +, +1 male +, + + +28-XII-1965 + +, +1 male +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107848–1107851 ( +MGCL +) + +, + +1 male +, +2 females +, ex-coll. F. +Johnson +, AMNH_IZC 00352910, 00352915, 00352917 ( +AMNH +) + +, + + +29-II-1960 + +, +1 female +, ex-coll. +Perkins +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107852 ( +MGCL +) + +, + + +22-XII-1965 + +, +1 male +, ex-coll. +Gottlieb +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107853 ( +MGCL +) + +; +São Bento +do Sul, +3-X-1968 +, +1 male +, +4-I-1972 +, +1 male +, + + +16-I-1972 + +, +2 females +, ex-coll. N. +Tangerini +, DZ 49.719, 49.560, 49.469, 49.449 ( +DZUP +) + +, + +1 female +, +1 male +, ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ +49.489 +, +49.610 +( +DZUP +) + +, +2-X-1968 +, +1 female +, +2-X-1969 +, +1 male +, +5-XII-1970 +, +1 male +, +27-XI-1970 +, +1 male +, +26-XI-1970 +, +1 male +, +9-XI-1970 +, +1 female +, +11-I-1971 +, +1 male +, +9-XII-1972 +, +1 male +, +19-XII-1971 +, +1 female +, +25- III-1971 +, +1 female +, + + +3-XII-1970 + +, +1 male +, +Weiss +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ 49.599, 49.499, 49.369, 49.650, 49.810, 49.670, 49.620, 49.640, 49.379, 49.629, 49.389, ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +20-IV-1975 + +, +1 male +, +Baumann +leg., ex-coll. +Gagarin +, DZ 49.749 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +III-1954 + +, +1 female +, +Weiss +leg., ex-coll. F. +Justus Jr +, DZ 49.319 ( +DZUP +) + +, +850 m +, +I-1972 +, +2 females +, + + +II-1974 + +, +1 male +, +1 female + +, +XII-1974 +, +1 male +, +30-XI-1969 +, +1 male +*, + +1 female + +*, + + +30-XI-1969 + +, +1 male +, +1 female +, ex-coll. H. +Ebert +, DZ 49.549, 49.509, 49.700, 49.419, 49.671, 49.740, 49.759, 49.351, 49.750 ( +DZUP +) + +, +06-XII-1973 +, +1 male +, + + +11-XII-1973 + +, +1 male +, +Rank +leg., DZ +49.659 +, +49.669 +( +DZUP +) + +, + +Catarina +- +São Bento +do +Sul +, 1975 + +, +1 male +, 1979, + +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107854, 1107863 ( +MGCL +) + +, + + +XI-1977 + +, +1 male +, +Hayden +leg., AMNH_IZC 00352916 ( +AMNH +) + +, + + +20-XII-1954 + +, +1 female +, +A. Maller +leg., ex-coll. A. +Schmitt +, USNMENT01589347 ( +USNM +) + +, + + +20-XII-1954 + +, +1 female +, +A. Maller +leg., USNMENT01589355 ( +USNM +), ( + +Rio Vermelho + +) + +, + + +850 m + +, + +XI-2003 + +, +1 male +, +Rank +leg., OM-63953 ( +OM-DZUP +) + +, + + +12-XI-2003 + +, +2 males +, +Rank +leg., OM OM +63.263 +, +63.291 +( +OM-DZUP +) + +, +XII-2009 +, +2 females +**, +XII-2009 +, +2 males +, +3 females +, +2-X-2005 +, +1 male +, +XII-2006 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, +22-X-1968 +, +1 male +, +10-II-1972 +, +1 male +, +27-II-1972 +, +1 female +, +12-XII-1980 +, +1 female +, + + +15-XII-1980 + +, +1 female +, +Rank +leg., DZ 49.580, 49.730, 49.809, 49.570, 49.409, 49.690, 49.710, 49.739, 49.791, 49.439, 49.709, 49.649, 49.660, 49.619, 49.609 ( +DZUP +) + +, + + +XII-1945 + +, +1 female +, +A. Maller +leg., ex-coll. F. +Johnson +, AMNH_IZC 00352911 ( +AMNH +) + +, + + +XI-1965 + +, +1 female +, +Hayden +leg., AMNH_IZC 00352918 ( +AMNH +) + +, + + +XII-1963 + +, +1 male +, USNMENT00941190 ( +USNM +) + +; + +Joinville + +, + + +III-1968 + +, +1 male +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107855 ( +MGCL +) + +, +18-XI-1971 +, +1 male +, + + +15-IX-1972 + +, +1 male +, USNMENT00941169, 01589344 ( +USNM +) + +. + + + +Rio Grande +do Sul + + +— +Santa Cruz do Sul +, + +16-III-1958 + +, +1 male +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107856 ( +MGCL +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D7AFF18FD2F33AF326E.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D7AFF18FD2F33AF326E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5830cd0a143 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B4E7D7AFF18FD2F33AF326E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,247 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + +Key to the species of + +Dynastor + + + + + + + + + +1. +DHW with an orange marginal band ( +Fig. 2a +)............................................... + +Dynastor napoleon + + + + + +- +DHW without an orange marginal band ( +Fig. 8a +)........................................................... +2 + + + + + + +2(1). +FW with a light-yellow spot in CuA +2 +–2A ( +Fig. 8a +).......................................................... +3 + + + + +- +FW without a light-yellow spot in CuA +2 +–2A ( +Fig. 24a +)....................................................... +4 + + + + + + +3(2). +VFW, apex of the costal patch generally not extending to the outer margin ( +Fig. 8b +); male, distal half of the valvae without a constriction in the basal portion ( +Fig. 10c +); female, corpus bursae with two parallel signa ( +Fig. 11 +)....... + +Dynastor darius + + + + + +- +VFW, apex of the costal patch generally extending to the outer margin ( +Fig. 19b +); male, distal half of the valvae with a constriction in the basal portion ( +Fig. 21c +); female, corpus bursae without signa ( +Fig. 22 +).... + + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. + + + + + + + +4(2). +FW without a distinguishable light-yellow spot in CuA 1 –CuA 2, if present, a small and blurry spot ( +Fig. 24a +)............ +6 + + + + +- +FW with a distinguishable light-yellow spot in CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +( +Fig. 33a +)........................................... +5 + + + + + + +5(4). +VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged ( +Fig. 24b +)............... + +Dynastor macrosiris + + + + + +- +VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern strongly and irregularly arranged ( +Fig. 30b +)......... + + +Dynastor pharnaces + +stat. nov. + + + + + + + +6(4). +VFW with a thin rusty red band between M 1 and M 3, near the outer margin ( +Fig. 33b +)....... + + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. + + + + + +- +VFW with a thick rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, near the outer margin ( +Fig. 38b +).......... + + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B537D62FF18FA86377732CA.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B537D62FF18FA86377732CA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00af1e8c64e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B537D62FF18FA86377732CA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1121 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. + + + + + + +( +Figs 12 +, +19–23 +) + + + + + +Dynastor stygianus + +Butler, 1872 + + +. +Cist. Ent. 1 +(4): 73; +1 female +[ +holotype +]; +Coll. Druce +; +Costa Rica +, +Cartago +.—Butler, 1873, +Lepidoptera +Exotica, p. 125, pl. 47, fig. 1 (ventral).—Kirby, 1877. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep., Suppl. +, p. 716. + + + +Dynastor darius stygianus + +; +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 9, pl. 3, fig. 2 (male d, v).— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 24.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 288.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 20.— +Young & Muyshondt, 1975 +. +Stud. Neotrop. Fauna 10 +: 27; biol.— +DeVries, 1986 +. +Jour. Res. Lep. 24 +: 326; hostplant.— +DeVries, 1987 +. + +Butt. +Costa Rica + +, p. 247, 250, figs 31c (pupa), d (larva), 32 e3, pl. 41, fig. 5 (male d); biol., ecol.—D’Abrera, 1987. +Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3 +, p. 394 (fig. male d, v).—R. F. de la Maza R., 1987. + +Marip. +Mexicanas + +, p. 96, pl. 23, fig. 7 (male d).—R. G. de la Maza E. +et al +., 1989. +Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 12 +(2): 61.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. + +Marip. +Chiapas + +, p. 183.—Moreno +et al +., 1998. + +Marip. +Ecuador + +, p. 155.—Maes, 1999. + +Cat. Ins. Art. Terr. +Nicaragua +3 + +, p. 1386.— + +Penz +et al +., 1999 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 +(4): 148; hostplant.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) + +Checklist: Part 4A, +Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea + +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.— + +Salinas-Gutiérrez +et al +., 2004 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 58 +(3): 136. +— +Santin, 2004. +Répert. plantes-hôtes subst. chen. lépid. monde +(2 +nd +ed.), +2 +, p. 858; hostplant.—J. + +Miller +et al +., 2006 + +. + +100 +Caterpillars + +, p. 183, fig. 54 (pupa, female d); biol., hostplant.—Chacón & Montero, 2007. + +Marip. +Costa Rica + +, pl. 169 (figs female d, male v), pl. 172 (fig. larva head); biol.—Glassberg, 2007. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America + +(1 +st +ed.), p. 132 (figs male d, v).—Vargas-Fernández +et al +., 2008. + +Nymph. +Mexico +2 + +, p. 61, 180, pl. 17, figs 6, 7 (male d, v).— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 4. +— +J. Miller +et al +., 2012. +Insecta Mundi 205 +: 57.—J. de la Maza E. & R. G. de la Maza E., 2015, +in +Carabias, J. de la Maza E. & Cadena (eds.). + +Conserv. +Desarr. +sust. +Selva Lacandona + +, p. 639.—Morales-Morales +et al +., 2018. +Ent. Mexicana 5 +: 565. + + + +Dynastor darius + +[misidentification]; +Aiello & Silberglied, 1978 +. +Psyche 85 +(4): 331, figs 1 (male d, v), 2 (eggs), 3–6 (larvae), 9 (larvae, head capsule), 11 (pupae); biol., hostplant.— Ricardo-Molina +et al +., 2019. +Shilap Revta. lepid. 47 +(185): 12, fig. 26 (larva); biol.—Henao-B. & Gantiva-Q., 2020. +Bol. Cient. Mus. Hist. Nat. U. de Caldas 24 +(1): 187.— + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. 2021 + +. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 133 +(3): 711, fig. 2 (phylogenetic tree); phylog.—R. G. de la Maza E. & Soberón, 1998. + +Biodiv. +Conserv 7 + +(7): 943; ecol. +— +Aiello, 2015, +in +Dyer & Forister (eds). +The lives of Lepdopterists, +p. 98.—Glassberg, 2018. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America + +(2 +nd +ed.), p. 152 (figs d, v). + + + +FIGURE 19. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Costa Rica, Guanacaste (USNMENT01589299–USNM). The black arrow indicates the diagnostic character of the species. + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Dynastor stygianus + +was treated as a subspecies of + +Dynastor darius + +by +Stichel (1904) +and the subsequent authors in reviews, catalogs, checklists, and natural history studies. + + + + +Type material. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +was described based on +one female +[ +holotype +] in Coll. Druce. The female +holotype +is deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / + +Dynastor stygianus +Butl. + +type./ + +Dynastor stygianus + +, Type. Butl./ +Costa Rica +. Van Patten. Druce Coll./ B.M. TYPE No. Rh. 6098 + +Dynastor stygianus + +, +♀ +Butl./ Type H. T./ +♀ +/ B.C.A.Lep.Rhop. + +Dynastor darius +, Fabr. Godman-Salvin Coll. 1919 + +.—6./. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +differs from + +Dynastor darius + +, a morphologically similar and closely related species ( +Fig. 1 +), in having the VFW apical patch generally extending to the outer margin, while + +Dynastor darius + +usually has this patch extending only to the apex ( +Figs 8–9 +, +19–20 +). The male genitalia of both species are very similar ( +Figs 10 +, +21 +), but the female genitalia are not. While the female of + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +has a smaller corpus bursae without signa and a smaller lamella antevaginalis, the female of + +Dynastor darius + +has a larger corpus bursae with two parallel signa and a broader lamella antevaginalis ( +Figs 11 +, +22 +). + + + + +FIGURE 20. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Costa Rica, Guanacaste (USNMENT01589316–USNM). + + + + +Variation. +FW, length: male +44–53 mm +(n=5), female +56–65 mm +(n=5); width and color of the band that extends from the costal margin to M +3 +; size and shape of the spots between M +3 +and 2A. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. DHW, width and color of the band that extends from the costal margin to CuA +1 +. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots. + + + + +Comments. +Almost since its description, + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +has been treated as a subspecies of + +Dynastor darius + +. However, the wing color pattern, the morphology of the female genitalia, and the molecular data do not support this status. Besides all variations in the wing color patterns, a character that is usually present in + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +is the VFW costal patch generally extending to the outer margin. Another important character is the corpus bursae of the female genitalia without signa. DNA barcode divergence (4.0–5.0%) between trans-Andean ( +Costa Rica +and +Panama +) and cis-Andean ( +Brazil +and +Peru +) specimens agree with the differences found in the morphology. + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +is sympatric with + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +and + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. + + + +FIGURE 21. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view (the uncus is damaged); aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (USNMENT01589295–USNM). + + + + +FIGURE 22. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of corpus bursae without signa; +c. +ventral view (USNMENT01589316–USNM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 23. + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +[Holotype] of + +Dynastor stygianus +Butler, 1872 + +stat. rest. +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + +Natural history. +Detailed information on the immature stages of + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +can be found in +Aiello & Silberglied (1978) +. This species flies at dusk and dawn, and inhabits forests, second-growth, and urban areas where a suitable hostplant occurs; the larvae are seen at most times of the year ( +DeVries 1987 +), remaining in the middle of the leaf when not feeding ( +DeVries 1986 +). Larvae are parasitized by + +Winthemia +sp. + +( +Tachinidae +) ( + +Miller +et al. +2006 + +). + + +Hostplants: +Bromeliaceae +: + +Bromelia pinguin + +L., + +Aechmea magdalenae + +(Andre)Andre ex Baker ( +DeVries 1986 +), + +Aechmea bracteata +(Sw.) Griseb. ( +Janzen & Hallwachs 2009 +) + +, + +Ananas comosus + +(L.) Merril ( +Aiello & Silberglied 1978 +; +Janzen & Hallwachs 2009 +), + +Bromelia karatas + +L. ( + +Penz +et al. +1999 + +; + +Miller +et al. +2006 + +). + + + +Geographic distribution. +Mexico + +( +Chiapas +(Maza R. 1987; Maza E. & Maza E. 1993), +Oaxaca +, +Guerrero +, +Quintana Roo +); + +Guatemala + +( +El Petén +, +Izabal +); + +El Salvador + +( +San Salvador +); + +Nicaragua + +( +Granada +); + +Costa Rica + +( +Alajuela +, +Puntarenas +, +Guanacaste +); + +Panama + +( +Colón +, +Chiriquí +, +Panamá +); + +Colombia + +( +Antioquia +, +Boyacá +, +Valle del Cauca +); + +Ecuador + +( +Pichincha +) ( +Fig. 12 +). + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +occurs at elevations between sea level and +1,100 m +( +Young & Muyshondt 1975 +; +DeVries 1987 +). + + +Temporal distribution. +Throughout the year. + + + + +Etymology. +Probably means a dweller of Styx, one of the rivers of the Greek mythology underworld. + + +Specimens examined. + +Photos +of the +holotype +of + +Dynastor stygianus + +( +Fig. 23 +), and the following specimens: + +MEXICO + +: + +Oaxaca + +— +Santa María Chimalapa +, + +VIII-1951 + +, +2 males +, + +IX-1963 + +, +1 male +, + +VII-1956 + +, +1 male +, UFFLMNH + +MGCL 1107757–1107760 T. Escalante leg., (MGCL). +Guerrero +—Acahuizotla, +III-1958 +, +1 female +, T. Escalante leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107807 (MGCL). +Quintana Roo +—Nuevo Durango, +27-X-1978 +, +1 male +, OM 41.895 (DZUP-OM); Nuevo X-Can, +18-XI-1979 +, +1 female +, +VIII-1983 +, +1 female +Welling, leg., OM 41.481, OM 91.438 (DZUP-OM). + +GUATEMALA + +: + +El Petén + +—Sayaxché, +20-IX-1963 +, +1 male +, E. C. Welling leg., AMNH_IZC 00352865 (AMNH), +18-VIII-1963 +, +1 female +, OM 41.911 (DZUP-OM). + +Izabal + +—Cayuga, VIII, +1 male +, Schaus & Barnes leg., USNMENT01589291 (USNM); Quiriguá, VI, +1 female +, Schaus & Barnes leg., USNMENT01589292 (USNM). + +COSTA RICA + +: + +Puntarenas + +—La Guardia de Barranca, +200 m +, +20-XI-1982 +, +1 male +, R. Hesterberg leg., ex-coll. R. Hesterberg, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107762 (MGCL). + +Guanacaste + +—Área de Conservación Guanacaste ( +Sendero Bejuquilla +), +280 m +, +10-IX-2008 +, +1 male +*, +1 female +, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01589293, 01589315 (USNM), ( +Sendero Mora +), +480 m +, +21-XI-2006 +, +2 males +*, J. A. Sánchez leg., USNMENT01589294, 01589295 (USNM), ( +Tajo Ángeles +), +540 m +, +14-I-2006 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01589297, 01589302 (USNM), +29-I-2006 +, +1 female +*, E. Araya leg., USNMENT01589314 (USNM), ( +Tangelo +), +410 m +, +22-IV-2009 +, +2 males +, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01589313, 01589304 (USNM), ( +Sendero Tigre +), +280 m +, +9-XI-2000 +, +1 female +, +17-X-2001 +, +1 male +, +20-XI-2000 +, +1 male +, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01589305, 01589298, 01589307 (USNM), ( +Área Administrativa +), +295 m +, +6-XII-1999 +, +2 females +*, G. Pereira leg., USNMENT01589316, 01589310 (USNM), ( +Quebrada Costa Rica +), +275 m +, +29-XI-1999 +, +1 female +, +1 male +, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01589311, 01589300 (USNM), ( +Cafetal +), +280 m +, +5-XI-2004 +, +1 male +, R. Franco leg., USNMENT01589301 (USNM), ( +Quebrada Oro +), +290 m +, +2-X-2003 +, +1 male +, L. Ríos leg., USNMENT01589299 (USNM), ( +Estación Maritza +), +570 m +, +4-III-1995 +, +1 female +, R. Moraga leg., USNMENT01589306 (USNM), ( +Sendero Natural +), +290 m +, +29-XI-1999 +, +1 female +, M. Pereira leg., USNMENT01589308 (USNM), ( +Quebrada García +), +495 m +, +3-IV-2007 +, +1 female +, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01589312 (USNM), ( +Bosque Transición +), +3-IV-2012 +, +1 female +, G. Sihezar leg., USNMENT01589363 (USNM). + +Alajuela + +—El Coco, +V-1998 +, +1 male +, +1 female +, L. Kassarov leg., UFFLMNH MGCL 1107761, 1107809 (MGCL); Área de Conservación Guanacaste ( + +Puente +Palma + +), +460 m +, +06-X-2004 +, +1 female +, E. Araya leg., USNMENT01589296 (USNM), ( + +Vochysia + +), +320 m +, +5-IV-2004 +, +1 female +, J. Pérez leg., USNMENT01589303 (USNM), ( +Sendero Pinyal +), +630 m +, +2-VII-1998 +, +1 male +, O. Espinoza leg., USNMENT01589309 (USNM). + +PANAMA + +: + +Colón + +—no locality, +457,2 m +, +1 female +, USNMENT01589319 (USNM). + +Chiriquí + +—no locality, +1 male +, USNMENT01589318 (USNM); Santa Cruz, +VIII-1975 +, +1 male +, G. B. Small leg., USNMENT01589317 (USNM). + +Panamá + +—Gamboa, +1 female +, O. Seitz leg., USNMENT01589320 (USNM); Diablo, +1 female +, USNMENT01589321 (USNM); Las Cumbres, +8-XII-1958 +, +1 male +, +12-XII-1960 +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107765, 1107810 (MGCL). + +COLOMBIA + +: + +Antioquia + +—no locality, +1 female +, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107811 (MGCL). + +Boyacá + +—Muzo, +VI-1924 +, +1 male +, USNMENT01589322 (USNM), +1 male +, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352848, 00352857 (AMNH). + +Valle del Cauca + +—no locality, +2 females +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352855, 00352856 (AMNH). + +ECUADOR + +: + +Pichincha + +—Toachi, +9-IX-1974 +, +1 male +, Vénédictoff leg., ex-coll. Vénédictoff, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107771 (MGCL). + + + +iNaturalist records: + +EL SALVADOR + +: + +San Salvador + +— +Tonacatepeque +, +13°43’28.2”N +, +89°06’00.7”W +, + +17-XII-2017 + + +, + +Ares-afc. + +NICARAGUA + +: + +Granada + +— +Nandaime +, +11°45’34.42”N +, +86° 3’37.85”W +, + +22-VIII-2003 + + +, Eric van den Berghe (available at: inaturalist.org/observations/8848362; inaturalist.org/observations/50661799. Accessed +June 30, 2023 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B567D59FF18F9CF34E637FA.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B567D59FF18F9CF34E637FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1987590bb44 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B567D59FF18F9CF34E637FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,839 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 24–29 +) + + + + + +Brassolis macrosiris +Westwood, 1851 + +, +in +Doubleday. +Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2, +p. 351, pl. 59, fig. 3 (female d); Cayenne [ +French Guiana +].—Lucas, 1851, +in +Chenu (ed.). +Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn. +, p. 173.—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19 +(5): 64.—Kirby, 1871. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, p. 125. + + + +Megastes macrosiris + +; Boisduval, 1870. + +Consid. Lép. env. +Guatemala +, + +p. 53. + + + + + +Opsiphanes macrosiris + +; +Kirby, 1879 +. +Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson, +p. 107. + + + + + +Dynastor macrosiris + +; +Godman & Salvin, 1881 +. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 +(12), p. 122.— +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214.— +Röber, 1889 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(5), p. 192.— +Stichel, 1902 +. +Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 +(4): 523.— +Moss, 1935 +. +Proc. ent. Soc. London (A) 9 +(3): 97; biol.— +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163, 166, 168, 177, 191, fig. 5 (geogr. distr.); biogeogr.— +Urich & Boos, 1982 +. +Living World 1981-1982 +: 34; biol., hostplant.—Ackery, 1988. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 33 +(2): 100; hostplant.—Urich & +Emmel, 1991 +. +Trop. Lep. 2 +(2): 141; biol., hostplant.—Casagrande, 1995. +Rev. bras. Zool. 12 +(3): 683, figs 10 (male gen.).—Moreno +et al +., 1998. + +Marip. +Ecuador + +, p. 123, 155 (fig. male v).— + +Penz +et al +., 1999 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 53 +(4): 148; hostplant.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 3, figs 1c (male d, v), 4, 6 (phylogenetic tree), +8g +(male gen.). + + + +Dynastor macrosiris macrosiris + +; +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 10.— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 25.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 289.—Kaye, 1914. +Trans. ent. Soc. London 1913 +(3): 549.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 21.—D’Abrera, 1987. +Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3 +, p. 394 (figs male d, female v); +syn +.: + +hannibal + +.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). + +Atlas +Neotrop. +Lep. 5A + +, p. 203.—Blandin, 2003, +in +Lacomme & Manil. + +Lép. +Guyane +1 + +(2), p. 18, 77.—Santin, 2004. +Répert. plantes-hôtes subst. chen. lépid. monde +(2 +nd +ed.), +2 +, p. 858; +syn +.: + +hannibal + +; hostplant.—D’Abrera, 2005. +World Butt. +, p. 94, 245, pl. 125, fig. 1 (female v). +— +Penz & Mohammadi, 2013. +Biota Neotrop. 13 +(3): 156. + + + +FIGURE 24. + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Brazil, Pará (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Brassolis macrosiris + +was described by an illustration; transferred to +Opsiphanes +by +Kirby (1879) +and to + +Dynastor + +by +Godman & Salvin (1881) +. This species was treated as a subspecies by +Stichel (1904) +and the subsequent authors in reviews, catalogs, checklists, and natural history studies. + + + + +Type material. + +Brassolis macrosiris +Westwood, 1851 + +was described based on an illustration of an unspecified number of specimens. +One syntype male +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ + +Macrosiris +Bd. Cayenne + +/ EX MUSAEO +Dris +BOISDUVAL/ + +Brassolis macrosiris +, (Boisd) + +typicum specimen — Genera of diurna. Lepid. Dbd. Westw. Hew — pl. LIX. fig. 3./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this male is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Brassolis macrosiris +Westwood, 1851 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Brassolis macrosiris +Westwood, 1851 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +FIGURE 25. + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Peru, +Río Huallaga +(AMNH_IZC 00352908–AMNH). + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor macrosiris + +is morphologically similar to + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, but differs from the cited species by the FW with (if present) a diffuse and thinner light-yellow oblique band, VFW without a distinguishable rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +near the outer margin, and VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged ( +Figs 24–25 +, +30 +, +33–34 +, +38–39 +). The male genitalia of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +also differs from the other species in having the apex of gnathos posteriorly projected and the posterior half of the valvae triangular ( +Figs 26 +, +35 +, +40 +). The female genitalia are very similar to + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, but the paired signa are longer ( +Figs 27 +, +36 +, +41 +). + + + + +Variation. +FW, length: male +64–74 mm +(n=3), female +51–54 mm +(n=2). DFW, the thin oblique band may or may not be visible. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots. + + + + +Comments. +Compared to other +Brassolini +genera such as + +Opsiphanes +( + +Piovesan +et al. +2022 + +) + +, the availability of information on the geographical distribution of + +Dynastor + +is very scarce. Despite the few records, some patterns seem to emerge: of the four similar and closely related species, + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, only + +Dynastor macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +are cis-Andean species. However, while + +Dynastor macrosiris + +occurs at low elevations ( +30–600 m +), distributed throughout the Amazon biome, + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +is distributed in montane forest (2,000 and +2,250 m +) in the Andes, from +Bolivia +to +Ecuador +. + +Dynastor macrosiris + +is sympatric with + +Dynastor darius + +. + + + +FIGURE 26. + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view; aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 27. + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of signa; +c. +ventral view (OM 78.930–DZUP–OM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 28. +Geographical distribution of + +Dynastor macrosiris +( +Westwood, 1851 +) + +, + +Dynastor pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +, and + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively. + + + +Natural history. +Information on the immature stages of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +can be found in +Moss (1935) +, +Urich & Boos (1982) +, and +Urich & Emmel (1991a) +. + + +Hostplants: +Bromeliaceae +: “arboreal bromelias” ( +Moss 1935 +), + +Aechmea nudicaulis + +(L.) Griseb ( +Urich & Boos 1982 +; +Urich & Emmel 1991a +). + + + +Geographic distribution. +Ecuador + +( +Orellana +); + +Peru + +( +Loreto +, +Pasco +, +San Martín +); + +Trinidad and Tobago + +( +Sangre Grande +) ( +Urich & Boos 1982 +; +Urich & Emmel 1991a +); + +French Guiana + +(Cayenne, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni); + +Brazil + +(Amazonas, Pará) ( +Fig. 28 +), at elevations between 30 and + +600 m +. + + + +Temporal distribution. +May ( +Moss 1935 +), June, August, October ( +Urich & Emmel 1991a +), November, December ( +Urich & Boos 1982 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Possibly refers to a giant individual from Greek mythology. + + +Specimens examined. +Photos of the +lectotype +of + +Brassolis macrosiris + +( +Fig. 29 +), and the following specimens: + +PERU + +: + +Río Huallaga + +—no locality, +1 female +, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352908 (AMNH). + +Loreto + +—San Juan de Polis, +14-XI-2010 +, +1 female +*, Ramírez leg., OM 78.930 (DZUP-OM), +Río Momón +( +San Juan de Polis +), +03°37’S +, +73°25’W +, +130 m +, +14-XI-2010 +, +1 male +, J. J. Ramírez leg. (MUSM), + +Río Ampiyacu ( +Pebas +) + +, [ +03°19’S +, +71°51’W +], +120 m +, +XI-1992 +, +1 female +, H. Lequerica leg. (MUSM). + +Pasco + +—[ +Río +] Pichis, +300 m +, +1 female +, ex-coll. LeMoult, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107878 (MGCL). + +BRAZIL + +: +Amazonas +— +São Paulo de Olivença +, +20-VI-1934 +, +1 female +*, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 2356 (DZUP). +Pará +—Óbidos, +1 male +*, DZ 54.260 (DZUP). + + + +iNaturalist records: + +ECUADOR + +: + +Orellana + +— +Parque Nacional Yasuní +, +0°40’26.9”S +, +76°23’53.2”W +, + +28- XI-2022 + +, Pablo Alvia. + + + +PERU + +: + +San Martín + +—Tarapoto, +6°28’2.64”S +, +76°19’45.34” W +, + +13-VIII-2014 + +, Neil Rosser. + + + +FRENCH GUIANA + +: Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni +5°19’38.4”N +, +54°03’58.5”W +, + +31-VIII-2020 + +, Lejocelyn + +. (available at: inaturalist.org/observations/143197928; inaturalist.org/observations/107165178; inaturalist.org/ observations/150021014. Accessed +June 30, 2023 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B657D4DFF18FD4B336431F1.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B657D4DFF18FD4B336431F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..78dbf7c398c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B657D4DFF18FD4B336431F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1086 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. + + + + + + +( +Figs 28 +, +38–42 +) + + + + + +Brassolis strix +Bates, 1864 + +. +Ent. monthly Mag. 1 +(7): 164, females, +Guatemala +, central valleys.—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865. +Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19 +(5): 64.—Kirby, 1871. +Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep. +, p. 125. + + + +Dynastor strix + +; +Godman & Salvin, 1881 +. +Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1 +(12), p. 123, pl. 12, figs 3, 4 (d, v).— +Röber, 1889 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 2 +(5), p. 192.— +Stichel, 1902 +. +Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46 +(4): 523.— +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163, 165, 168, 177, 216, fig. 55 (geogr. distr.); biogeogr. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris + +f. + +strix + +; +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris strix + +; +Stichel, 1904 +, +in +Wytsman. +Gen. Ins. 20 +, p. 10; +syn +.: + +hannibal + +.— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 26; +syn +.: + +hannibal + +.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 289, pl. 62b (female v).— +Rothschild, 1916 +. + +Novit. +Zool + +. +23 +(3): 310.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 21.—D’Abrera, 1987. +Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3 +, p. 394.—R. G. de la Maza E. +et al +., 1989. +Rev. Soc. Mex. Lep. 12 +(2): 61.—R. F. de la Maza R., 1987. +Marip. Mexicanas +, p. 96, pl. 23, fig. 5 (male d).—Luis-Martínez +et al +., 1991. +Publ. esp. Mus. Zool +., +Mexico +, +3 +: 32.—R. G. de la Maza E. & J. de la Maza E., 1993. + +Marip. +Chiapas + +, p. 183.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.— + +Salinas-Gutiérrez +et al +., 2004 + +. +Jour. Lep. Soc. 58 +(3): 136.—Vargas-Fernández +et al +., 2008. + +Nymph. +Mexico +2 + +, p. 61, 180, pl. 17, figs 8, 9 (male d, v), 10 (female d).— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 3. +— +Montero-Ramírez, 2010 +. +Checklist 6 +(4): 679.—Hernández-Baz +et al +., 2010. + +Marip. +Veracruz + +, p. 94, pl. 45 (male d, v).—Rodríguez-Flores +et al +., 2010. +Biodiversidad (Managua) 2 +: 59, fig.1 (d, v).—J. Miller +et al +., 2012. +Insecta Mundi 205 +: 57.—J. de la Maza E. & R. G. de la Maza E., 2015, +in +Carabias, J. de la Maza E. & Cadena (eds.). +Conserv. Desarr. sust. Selva Lacandona +, p. 639. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris + +[misidentification]; Glassberg, 2007. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America + +(1 +st +ed.), p. 132 (figs male d, v).—Glassberg, 2018. + +Swift Guide Butt. +Mexico +and C. America + +(2 +nd +ed.), p. 152 (figs d, v).— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 3, fig. 1d (female d). + + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Brassolis strix + +was transferred to + +Dynastor + +by +Godman & Salvin (1881) +, treated as a local form of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by +Staudinger (1887) +, and as a subspecies of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by +Stichel (1904) +and subsequent authors in reviews, catalogs, and checklists, with records of hostplant and geographic distribution. + + + + +Type material. + +Brassolis strix +Bates, 1864 + +was described based on an unspecified number of females from +Guatemala +, central valleys. +Godman & Salvin (1881) +stated that the description was based on more than +one female +specimen, as they said: “Described first by Mr. Bates from specimens found by us at Chuacus, in +Guatemala +, in 1861.” [Chuacús, +Baja Verapaz +, +Guatemala +]. +One female +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / B.M. TYPE No. Rh. 6105 + +Brassolis strix + +, +♀ +Bates./ Type H. T./ +♀ +/ B.C.A.Lep.Rhop. + +Dynastor strix +, Bates. Godman-Salvin Coll. 1919 + +.—6./ Sp. figured./ Chuacus, +Guatemala +. F.D.G. & O.S./ Choacus +Guatemala +S. + G./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Brassolis strix +Bates, 1864 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Brassolis strix +Bates, 1864 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +FIGURE 38. + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107875–MGCL). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +is morphologically similar to + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, and + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, but differs by the VFW with a thick rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +( +Figs 24–25 +, +30 +, +33–34 +, +38–39 +). The male genitalia of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +also differs from the cited species in having the bifurcation of the gnathos apex of the same size ( +Figs 26 +, +35 +, +40 +). The female genitalia is very similar to + +Dynastor macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, but the paired signa are intermediate in size, and the posterior margin of lamella antevaginalis is more notched ( +Figs 27 +, +36 +, +41 +). + + + + +Variation. +FW, length: male +44–59 mm +(n=5), female +57–62 mm +(n=5); width of the band that extends from the costal margin to CuA +1 +; size and shape of the spot in CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots. + + + + +Comments. + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +has been downgraded to a subspecies rank since the earlier 20th century, but the wing color pattern, the morphology of the male genitalia, and the molecular data do not support this status. + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +has a wing color pattern similar to + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, but differs from the cited species by the VFW with a thick rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, the most remarkable external character. Moreover differences in the male and female genitalia are also found, namely bifurcation of gnathos apex of the same size and the more notched posterior margin of lamella antevaginalis, respectively. The single DNA barcode sequence of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +was provided by +Montero-Ramírez (2010) +and by comparing it with the sequences of + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +and + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, the divergence found (5% for both) supports the differences found in the morphology. +Montero-Ramírez (2010) +also provided the most southern record of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +so far known ( +Costa Rica +, +Limón +). + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +is sympatric with + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. + + + +FIGURE 39. + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107876–MGCL). + + + +Natural history. +Unknown. + + +Geographic distribution. + +Mexico + +( +San Luis Potosí +( + +Salinas-Gutiérrez +et al. +2004 + +), +Veracruz +, +Distrito Federal +, +Quintana Roo +, +Chiapas +, +Oaxaca +, +Puebla +,); + +Guatemala + +( +Baja Verapaz +, +El Petén +, +Izabal +); + + +Honduras + +( +Cortés +) + +; + + +El Salvador + +( +Ahuachapán +) + +; + +Costa Rica + +( +Limón +) ( +Fig. 28 +). + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +occurs at elevations between 100 and + +800 m + +( +Maza E. +& +Maza E. +1993). + + +Temporal distribution. +April +– +November (J. Maza E. & R. Maza E. 1993). + + + + +Etymology. +Possibly a bird of ill omen (an owl or a bat?) in the mythology of classical antiquity. + + +Specimens examined. + +Photos of the +lectotype +of + +Brassolis strix + +( +Fig. 42 +), and the following specimens: + +MEXICO + +: + +Veracruz + +—no locality, +2 females +, +C. C. Hoffmann +leg., +AMNH_IZC +00352903, 00352904 (AMNH); + + +Palo Gacho +, 1941, +1 female +, +J. Camelo +leg., +USNMENT01589342 +( +USNM +); + + +Presidio +, + +27-VIII-1940 + +, +1 male +, +C. C. Hoffmann +leg., +AMNH_IZC +00352900 (AMNH); + + +Tapalapan +, + +25-VIII-1982 + +, +1 male +*/**, +Coxa +leg., +DZ 52.735 +( +DZUP +); + + +Santecomapan +, + +VIII-1952 + +, +1 male +, +T. Escalante +leg., +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107873 +( +MGCL +); + + +Los Tuxtlas +, + +X-1976 + +, +1 male +, +USNMENT01589341 +( +USNM +). + + + +Distrito Federal + +— +Ciudad de México +, +1 male +, +C. M. Holmo +leg. + +, AMNH_IZC 00352901 (AMNH). + + +Quintana Roo + +— +Lázaro Cárdenas +( +Nuevo X- Can +), + +8-VIII-1967 + +, +1 female +*, +OM 41.671 +( +DZUP-OM +) + +. + + +Chiapas + +— +Ocosingo +( + +San Quintín + +), + +20–26-XI-1973 + +, +1 male +, +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107869 +( +MGCL +) + +. + + +Oaxaca + +— +Palomares +, + +8-IX-1961 + +, +1 female +, +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107874 +( +MGCL +) + +; + +Sierra de Tuxtepec +, + +VI-1954 + +, +1 male +, +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107870 +( +MGCL +) + +. + + +Puebla + +— +Xicotepec +( +La Ceiba +), + +IX-1971 + +, +1 male +, +T. Escalante +leg., +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107871 +( +MGCL +) + +. + + +GUATEMALA + +: + +El Petén + +— +Sayaxché +, + +29-XI-1963 + +, +1 male +, +E. C. Welling +leg., +AMNH_IZC 00352906 +( +AMNH +), ( +Petexbatún +) + +, + + +2-IX-1963 + +, +1 female +*, OM 41.943 ( +DZUP-OM +) + +. + + +Izabal + +— +Tenedores +, + +9-VII-1965 + +, +1 female +, +E. C. Welling +leg., +AMNH_IZC 00352905 +( +AMNH +) + +. + + +EL SALVADOR + +: + +Ahuachapán + +— +El Refugio +, + +XI-1992 + +, +2 females +, +L. Kassarov +leg., +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107875 +, 1107877 ( +MGCL +) + +, + + +XI-2007 + +, +1 female +, UFFLMNH +MGCL 1107876 +( +MGCL +) + +. + + +COSTA RICA + +: +no department +—no locality, +1 male +, +UFFLMNH MGCL 1107872 +( +MGCL +) + +. + + + +FIGURE 40. + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view; aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (DZ 52.735–DZUP; CMBUT1654-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 41. + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of signa; +c. +ventral view (OM 41.943–DZUP–OM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 42. + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +Lectotype of + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +iNaturalist records: + +HONDURAS + +: + +Cortés + +— +Santa Cruz de Yojoa +, +14°51’16.3”N +, +87°57’21.0”W +, + +23-V-2023 + + +, + +Sergio Isac Zúñiga Martínez (available at: inaturalist.org/observations/163316592. Accessed +June 30, 2023 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B6D7D5AFF18FA6C323C318E.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B6D7D5AFF18FA6C323C318E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c65ec83c93b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B6D7D5AFF18FA6C323C318E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,596 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + +stat. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 28 +, +30–32 +) + + + + + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + +. +Berl. ent. Ztschr +. +52 +(3): 174, +1 male +“ +type +”, Coroico, [La Paz], +Bolivia +, +2000 m +, Garlepp +leg +.; collection Staudinger, Mus[eum] Berol[inensis] [MfN].— +Stichel, 1909 +. +Das Tierreich 25 +: 26.— +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 290.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 22.—D’Abrera, 1987. +Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3 +, p. 394.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. Brassolini, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A +, p. 203.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 3. + + + +Dynastor strix pharnaces + +; +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163; biogeogr. + + + + + +Dynastor macrosiris + +[misidentification]; + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. 2021 + +. +Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 133 +(3): 711, fig. 2 (phylogenetic tree); phylog (photo of the specimen available at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nsg_db/5241930372/. Accessed +July 5, 2023 +). + + +Taxonomic history. + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces + +was treated as described until +Blandin (1977) +considered it a subspecies of + +Dynastor strix + +. This subspecies was cited in reviews, catalogs, checklists, with records of hostplant and geographic distribution. + + + + +FIGURE 30. + +Dynastor pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + + +stat. nov. + +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Peru, Chanchamayo (USNMENT01589343–USNM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +Type material. + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + +was described based on +one male +“type” from +Bolivia +, Corvico [=Coroico, La Paz] (Yungas, +2000 m +, Garlepp leg.) i[n]. c[ollection]. Staudinger Mus. Berol. However, Viola Richter, the collection manager of MfN, where Staudinger’s specimens are deposited, informed the authors that the “type” was not found in the institution. In the original description, +Stichel (1908) +mentions another examined specimen: “Ein zweites gleiches Belagstück wurde mir vor etlicher Zeit zur Bestimmung gesandt.” According to one of us (G. Lamas), this second male is deposited at MNHN, with the following labels: / Muséum Paris/ Corvico ca. +2000 m +. +Bolivia +(Yungas) 1895 (2–5) Garlepp/. As the “type” in Staudinger’s collection was not found at the MfN, the specimen deposited at the MNHN is probably the second specimen mentioned by Stichel in the original description, because it is from the same provenance of the “type”. Therefore, to stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, the MNHN specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + +, and the following labels will be attached to it: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +FIGURE 31. + +Dynastor pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + + +stat. nov. + +: female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of signa; +c. +ventral view (USNMENT01589343–USNM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +is morphologically similar to + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +; it differs from + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by the VFW with a distinguishable rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, this band is thinner than that of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +differs from + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +by the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern strongly and irregularly arranged ( +Figs 24–25 +, +30 +, +32–34 +, +38–39 +). The female genitalia is similar to those of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, mainly the corpus bursae, but the morphology of the lamella postvaginalis differs from all species by the “}” shape sclerotization ( +Figs 27 +, +31 +, +36 +, +41 +). The male genitalia of + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +was not examined. + + + + +Comments. +FW, length of the available female: +57 mm +. Since its description, + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +has been treated as a subspecies of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +or + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +However, the wing color pattern, the morphology of the male genitalia, and the molecular data allow us to change the status to the species level. + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +has a wing color pattern similar to + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, mainly in the VFW rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, and also occurs in similar high elevations ( + +2,000 +–2,250 +m + +). However, the VFW and VHW ripple pattern differs: while + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +has this ripple pattern strongly and irregularly arranged, + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +has the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged. Comparing the DNA barcode sequence provided by + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. (2021) + +for + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +with the sequence obtained here for + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, the divergence found agrees with the differences found in the morphology. + + +Natural history. +Unknown. + + + +Geographic distribution. +Ecuador + +( +Napo +); + +Peru + +(Amazonas, +Junín +); + +Bolivia + +(La Paz) ( +Fig. 28 +), at elevations between 2,000 and +2,250 m +. + + +Temporal distribution. +January, July, October. + + + + +FIGURE 32. + +Dynastor pharnaces +Stichel, 1908 + + +stat. nov. + +Male lectotype of + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +Etymology. +Possibly named after +Pharnaces II +, king of Pontus. + + +Specimens examined. + +Photos +of the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor macrosiris pharnaces + +( +Fig. 32 +), and the following specimens: + +ECUADOR + +: + +Ecuador Oriente + +—no locality, +1 female +, ex-coll. +F. Johnson +, AMNH_IZC 00352907 ( +AMNH +) + +. + + +Napo + +— +Estación Biológica Yanayacu +, + +13-I-2009 + +, +1 female +, +H. F. Greeney +leg. ( + +Matos-Maraví +et al. +2021 + +) + +. + + +PERU + +: + +Junín + +— +Chanchamayo +, +1 female +*, ex-coll. +F. Johnson +, USNMENT01589343 ( +USNM +); ( + +Mina Pichita + +) + +, + + +2000 m + +, + +16–17-X-1989 + +, +1 male +, +Casagrande +& +Mielke +leg. ( +MUSM +) + +. + + +Amazonas +—San José de Molinopampa + +, +06°17’S +, +77°33’W +, + +2250 m + +, + +18-VII-2005 + +, +1 female +, +B. Calderón +leg. ( +MUSM +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/45/039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E.xml b/data/03/96/45/039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..376f60547fb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/45/039645158B6E7D51FF18F90B331D354E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,734 @@ + + + +Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini) + + + +Author + +Piovesan, Mônica +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Casagrande, Mirna Martins +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + + + +Author + +Lamas, Gerardo +Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik +Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-08-07 + + +5492 + + +4 + + +451 +504 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5492.4.1 +1175-5326 +13268990 +2A2EF4A3-42AC-4C8B-886F-107FF342292E + + + + + + + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. + + + + + + +( +Figs 28 +, +33–37 +) + + + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +. +Étud. d’Entomologie 6 +, p. 28, pl. 6, fig. 4 (male d, v); Manizales, Nouvelle +Grenade +[ +Colombia +, +Caldas +], M. Alejo M. Patino leg., Coll. Oberthür. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris + +f. + +hannibal + +; +Staudinger, 1887 +, +in +Staudinger & Schatz. +Exot. Schmett. 1 +(18), p. 214. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris hannibal + +; +Fruhstorfer, 1912 +, +in +Seitz. +Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, +p. 289.— +Rothschild, 1916 +. +Novit. Zool +. +23 +(3): 310.— +Stichel, 1932 +. +Lep. Cat. 51 +, p. 22.— +Casagrande, 2004 +. +Brassolini +, +in +Lamas (ed.) +Checklist: Part 4A, +Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea +, +in +Heppner (ed.). + +Atlas Neotrop. Lep. +5A + +, p. 203.— +Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009 +. +Zootaxa 2134 +: 3. + + + +Dynastor strix hannibal + +; +Blandin, 1977 +. +Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup. +, Paris, +9 +: 163; biogeogr. + + + +Dynastor macrosiris strix + +[misidentification]; Vélez & Salazar, 1991. + +Marip. +Colombia + +, p. 157 (fig. female v); biol.— +Andrade, 2002 +, +in +Costa +et al +. +Monogr. Terc. Milenio +, Zaragoza, +2 +: 162. + + + + + +Dynastor strix + +[misidentification]; +Salazar, 1993 +. +Shilap Revta. lepid. 21 +(81): 38.— +Salazar, 2002 +. + +Bol. Cient. Mus. Hist. Nat. U. de +Caldas +6 + +: 157; ecol.— +Salazar, 2003 +. +Shilap Revta. lepid. 31 +(124): 321, fig. 5 (male d). + + + +FIGURE 33. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +: Male, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 52.734– DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + +Taxonomic history. + +Dynastor hannibal + +was treated as a local form of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by +Staudinger (1887) +, a subspecies of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by +Fruhstorfer (1912) +and subsequent authors, and a subspecies of + +Dynastor strix +( +Bates, 1864 +) + +stat. rest. +by +Blandin (1977) +. This species has been cited in reviews, catalogs, and checklists, with records of geographic distribution. + + + + +Type material. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +was described based on an unspecified number of specimens. +One male +syntype +was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit. Mus. 1927—3./ Manizales AM. Patino/ + +Dynastor hannibal +, Oberthur + +(Etudes d´ Entom. 6 +e +livraison Pl. VI. fig. 4 typicum specimen./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this specimen is hereby designated as the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +, and the following labels will be attached: / +LECTOTYPUS +/ +Lectotypus + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/. + + + + +FIGURE 34. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +: Female, +a. +dorsal, +b. +ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 3969– DZUP). + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +is morphologically similar to + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, but differs from + +Dynastor macrosiris + +by the VFW with a distinguishable rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, this band is thinner than that of + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +differs from + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +by the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged ( +Figs 24–25 +, +30 +, +33–34 +, +38–39 +). The male genitalia of + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +also differs from + +Dynastor macrosiris + +, and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +in having the median region of the aedeagus with tiny spines ( +Figs 26 +, +35 +, +40 +). The female genitalia is very similar to + +Dynastor macrosiris + +and + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, but the paired signa are smaller ( +Figs 27 +, +36 +, +41 +). + + + + +Variation. +FW, length of the available male: +48 mm +, the available female: +62 mm +; width of the band that extends from the costal margin to CuA +1 +; size and shape of the spot in CuA +1 +–CuA +2 +. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots. + + + + +FIGURE 35. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +: Male genitalia: +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view, +c. +lateral view; aedeagus: +d. +dorsal view, +e. +ventral view, +f. +lateral view (DZ 52.734–DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 36. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +: Female genitalia: +a. +lateral view; +b. +detail of signa; +c. +ventral view (DZ 3969–DZUP). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species. + + + + +FIGURE 37. + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +Lectotype of + +Dynastor hannibal +Oberthür, 1881 + +stat. rest. +; +a. +dorsal view, +b. +ventral view. + + + + +Comments. + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +is also a case of a described species that has been considered a form or subspecies of + +Dynastor macrosiris + +or + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +Stichel (1904 +, +1909 +) found + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +so similar to + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +that he synonymized them. However, the wing color pattern, the morphology of the male genitalia, and the molecular data do not support this synonymy. Although + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +has a trans-Andean geographical distribution, like + +Dynastor strix + +stat. rest. +, it has a wing color pattern similar to + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, mainly in the VFW rusty red band between M +1 +and M +3 +, and also occurs in high elevations ( + +1,000 +–2,000 +m + +). Nevertheless, the VFW and VHW ripple pattern differs: while + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +has the VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged, + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +has this ripple pattern strongly and irregularly arranged. Although it was possible to obtain only a single DNA barcode sequence of + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +, comparing it with the sequence provided by + +Matos-Maraví +et al +. (2021) + +for + +Dynastor pharnaces + + +stat. nov. + +, the divergence (7.0%) found agrees with the differences found in the morphology. Based on the information accumulated in this study, + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. +has a restricted geographical distribution in the Colombian Cordilleras, being sympatric with + +Dynastor stygianus + +stat. rest. +Although there is no illustration of the ventral view of the specimens mentioned by +Salazar (1993 +, +2002 +, +2003 +) and +Andrade (2002) +, from the locality where these specimens were collected, the autors were probably referring to + +Dynastor hannibal + +stat. rest. + + +Natural history. +Unknown. + + +Geographic distribution. + +Colombia + +( +Boyacá +, +Caldas +, +Quindío +, +Antioquia +) ( +Fig. 28 +), at elevations between 1,000 and + +2,000 m + +. + + +Temporal distribution. +January, April, July, August. + + + + +Etymology. +The name probably refers to the Carthaginian general Hannibal (c. 247–183 B.C.) who commanded the forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War. + + +Specimens examined. + +Photos +of the +lectotype +of + +Dynastor hannibal + +( +Fig. 37 +), and the following specimens: + +COLOMBIA + +: + +Boyacá + +— +Otanche +, + +VIII-1980 + +, +1 female +*, +1 male +*/**, +Schmidt Munn +leg., DZ 3969, DZ 52.734 ( +DZUP +) + +. + + + +iNaturalist records: + +COLOMBIA + +: + +Caldas + +— +Manizales +, +5°04’40.4”N +, +75°26’16.1”W +, + +29-VII-2021 + + +, + +Johnnier Arango. + +Quindío + +— +Filandia +, +4°40’38.0”N +, +75°39’31.9”W +, + +14-I-2021 + + +, + +Ricardo Archila. + +Antioquia + +— +Jardín +, +5°35’47.8”N +, +75°48’41.0”W +, + +10-IV-2022 + + +, + +Daniel Mesa. +(available at: inaturalist.org/observations/101350918; inaturalist.org/observations/68131527; inaturalist.org/observations/111029131. +Accessed + +June 30, 2023 + +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E16671345FFAFFE34FD57FC7C7971.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671345FFAFFE34FD57FC7C7971.xml index b16d5b91eb2..0839d7364cb 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/16/039E16671345FFAFFE34FD57FC7C7971.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671345FFAFFE34FD57FC7C7971.xml @@ -1,62 +1,62 @@ - - - -New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) - - -Author + + +Author -Moeller, Wolf -D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -wolf.moeller@unesp.br +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Galleti-Lima, Arthur -685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. -galleti.lima@unesp.br +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite -D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -jose.guadanucci@unesp.br +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2024 - -2024-07-31 + +2024 + +2024-07-31 - -947 + +947 - -53 -87 + +53 +87 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 -2118-9773 -13284797 -BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Munduruku bicoloratum -Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 +Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Munduruku bicoloratum , - + Miglio et al. 2013: 185 @@ -146,13 +146,11 @@ col.; - + BRAZIL • 1 ♀ -; -Same -data as for holotype; +; Same data as for holotype; 4 Jun. 2007 @@ -162,7 +160,7 @@ col.; MPEG 19028 • - + 1 ♀ ; Pará @@ -171,9 +169,7 @@ col.; , Barroso , -Sítio -3 -Irmãos +Sítio 3 Irmãos , 02°27′45.5ʺ S , @@ -210,14 +206,14 @@ col.; MPEG 19027 • - + 1 ♀ ; Pará , Juruti -, platô -Juruti +, +platô Juruti ; Feb. 2007 @@ -229,14 +225,12 @@ col.; MPEG 19025 • - + 1 ♂ ; Pará , ferrovia, -Km -26 da -Ferrovia +Km 26 da Ferrovia ; 9 May 2007 @@ -245,14 +239,13 @@ col.; A. Lima , P. Suarez -and A.J. -Baia -Goes +and +A.J. Baia Goes col.; MPEG 19030 • - + 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ @@ -260,12 +253,12 @@ col.; Pará , Santarém -, RESEX -Tapajós-Arapiuns -, junto ao -Rio Inambú , -Comunidade Nova Canaã +RESEX Tapajós-Arapiuns +, +junto ao Rio Inambú +, +Comunidade Nova Canaã , 03°10′16.6ʺ S , @@ -279,7 +272,10 @@ col.; and T.C.S. Ávila-Pires col.; -MPEG 19031–19032 + +MPEG 19031 +–19032 + . @@ -289,7 +285,7 @@ col.; - + BRAZIL • 1 ♂ @@ -300,21 +296,21 @@ col.; 10 Jun. 2007 ; -N.F. -Lo-Man-Hung and +N.F. Lo-Man-Hung +and D.F. Candiani col.; MPEG 30871 • - + 1 ♀ ; Pará , Juruti -, platô -Capiranga +, +platô Capiranga , 02°28′22.1ʺ S , @@ -324,19 +320,19 @@ col.; 9 Feb. 2007 ; -N.F. -Lo-Man-Hung col.; +N.F. Lo-Man-Hung +col.; MPEG 30870 • - + 1 ♀ ; Pará , Juruti -, platô -Capiranga +, +platô Capiranga , 02°28′22.1ʺ S , @@ -359,7 +355,7 @@ col.; See - + Miglio et al. (2013) @@ -388,7 +384,7 @@ Palpal bulb: tegulum piriformis with PS and PI ( Figs 35–42. Munduruku bicoloratum -Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 +Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 . 35–37, 41 @@ -646,7 +642,7 @@ Granular cavities. Dotted lines indicate detached areas. Scale bars: general are Kochiana brunnipes ( -Koch, 1841 +Koch, 1841 ) . @@ -711,7 +707,7 @@ Middle depression. Dotted lines indicate detached areas. Scale bars: general are Figs 103–114. Munduruku bicoloratum -Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 +Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-Miles, 2013 . 103–112 diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E16671346FFA6FDD8FA5EFEE87DC1.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671346FFA6FDD8FA5EFEE87DC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2d0b54fa0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671346FFA6FDD8FA5EFEE87DC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,410 @@ + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +Author + +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br + + + +Author + +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br + + + +Author + +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-07-31 + + +947 + + +53 +87 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 + + + + + + +Kochiana brunnipes +( +Koch, 1841 +) + + + + + + +Figs 27–34 +, +91–102 +, +119 + + + + + + + +Mygale brunnipes +Koch, 1841: 35 + + +. + + + + + +Eurypelma brunnipes + +– + +Koch 1850: 74 + +, transferred from + +Mygale + +(did not designate the +type +of + +Eurypelma + +). + + + + + +Avicularia brunnipes + +– + +Raven 1985: 153 + +, considered + +Eurypelma + +a junior synonym of + +Avicularia +Lamarck, 1818 + +. + + + + + +Kochiana brunnipes + +— + + +Fukushima +et al. +2008: 405 + + +, transferred from +Avicularia +. + + + + + + +Emended diagnosis + + + +Males and females differ from + +Kochiana fukushimae + +sp. nov. +by the collor pattern, black with patellae, metatarsi and tarsi orange brown and absence of red setae on abdomen ( +Figs 27–34 +). Males differ from + +K. fukushimae + +sp. nov. +by the longer embolus, more curved in ventral direction from half its length ( +Fig. 92 +), prominent accessory keels (AC) ( +Figs 92–93 +) and retrolateral branch of tibial apophysis entirely flattened ( +Fig. 99 +). Females differ from + +K. fukushimae + +sp. nov. +by the spermathecae projected in ventral direction (“horn shaped” according to + +Fukushima +et al. +, 2008 + +) and presence of unsclerotized middle depression (MD) at base ( +Fig. 101 +). + + + + +Figs 27–34. + +Kochiana brunnipes +( +Koch, 1841 +) + +. +27–29, 33 +. ♂, MZSP 28774. +30–32, 34 +. ♀, MZSP 28776. +27, 30 +. Prosome, dorsal view. +28, 31 +. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. +29, 32 +. Prosome, ventral view. +33–34 +. Labium and endites. Scale bars += +5 mm. + + + + +Type material +(not examined) + + + +Holotype + + + + +BRAZIL +• +♀ +; unknown type locality; unknown collection date; +G.W. Freireis +col.; +C.L. Koch +det.; +ZMB-2071 +. + + + + +Other material examined + + + + +BRAZIL +• +1 ♂ +; +Alagoas +, +Murici +, +Murici Ecological Station +, +09°14′ S +, +35°48′ W +; + +12 Aug. 2006 + +; +R. Bertani +, +D.R.M. Ortega +and +R.H. Nagahama +col.; +MZSP 28776 +(used by + +Fukushima +et al. +2008 + +for the species redescription) + +• + +1 ♀ +; same data as for preceding; +MZSP 28774 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Pernambuco +, +Brejo da Madre de Deus +, +Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Mata do Bituri +, +8°11′30.2ʺ S +, +36°23′52.0ʺ W +; + +16 Oct. 2019 + +; +R. Fonseca-Ferreira +, +M. Morales +, +N.E.V. Saraiva +and +A.C.S. Silvino +leg.; +CAD 1104 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Paraíba +, +Areia +, +Parque Estadual da Mata do Pau Ferro +, +6°57′55.4ʺ S +, +35°45′0ʺ W +; + +31 May 2015 + +; +L.S. Carvalho +col.; +CHNUFPI 2130 + +. + + + +Emended description + + + +See + +Fukushima +et al. +2008 + +for colors description, measurements and spination data. + + +Male +( +MZSP +28774, same used by + +Fukushima +et al. +2008 + +) + + +Palpal bulb: elongated tegulum with PS and PI ( +Figs 91–93 +); short and discrete PS; Presence of PTK above PS, in tegulum ( +Figs 92–93 +); presence of (AC) between PI and PTK ( +Figs 92–93 +); retrolateral and apical keels absent ( +Figs 91, 93 +); long embolus, fully curved to the retrolateral direction and curved to ventral direction from half its length ( +Figs 91–92 +); presence of medial crest (MC) in the embolus apex. ( +Fig. 94 +). Cymbium with two asymmetric lobes. Straight palpal tibia, with a small prolateral protuberance (PP) and small grooves in the contact region with the palpal bulb ( +Figs 95–97 +). Retrolateral branch of tibial apophysis entirely flattened ( +Fig. 99 +). + + +Female +( +MZSP +28776, same used by + +Fukushima +et al. +2008 + +) + + +Spermathecae: projected in ventral direction, with two sclerotized rounded receptacles over a sclerotized base with a non-sclerotized middle depression. Presence of GC along the receptacles, ducts, and base ( +Figs 101–102 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E16671353FFB3FDE6FEECFB197BCC.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671353FFB3FDE6FEECFB197BCC.xml index b70fa74fc9e..f549ae3339b 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/16/039E16671353FFB3FDE6FEECFB197BCC.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E16671353FFB3FDE6FEECFB197BCC.xml @@ -1,62 +1,62 @@ - - - -New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) - - -Author + + +Author -Moeller, Wolf -D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -wolf.moeller@unesp.br +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Galleti-Lima, Arthur -685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. -galleti.lima@unesp.br +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite -D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -jose.guadanucci@unesp.br +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2024 - -2024-07-31 + +2024 + +2024-07-31 - -947 + +947 - -53 -87 + +53 +87 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 -2118-9773 -13284797 -BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: , 119 , -Table 1 +Table 1 @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ by the short paraembolic apophysis (PA), less than half of embolus length ( C. fasciatus ( - + Fukushima et al. 2005: 6 @@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ Species of . Labium and endites. Scale bars = 5 mm. - + Table 1. Length of legs and palpal segments of the male holotype of @@ -314,21 +314,23 @@ The name is in honor of the Paresí indigenous people, originating from the nort - + BRAZIL • ♂ ; Mato Grosso , -Campo Novo dos Parecis +Campo Novo dos Parecis , 23 Oct. 2017 ; N. Porfírio -col.; CAD 1441. +col.; +CAD 1441 +. @@ -337,15 +339,14 @@ col.; CAD 1441. - + BRAZIL • 3 ♂♂ -; same data as for holotype +; same data as for holotype; +CAD 1442 -; -CAD -1442. +. @@ -370,8 +371,9 @@ Color (in alcohol): carapace, lateral margins reddish-brown, dark oval central b Type III urticating setae only, with short barbs, on the central dorsum of the abdomen.. Total length: 11.42. Chelicerae basal segment: length 1.42. Carapace elongated: length 5.07, width 4.03. Abdomen: length 6.28. Clypeus absent. Eye tubercle slightly elevated, sub-rectangular: length 0.49, width 0.95. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.19, ALE 0.24, PME 0.12, PLE 0.18, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.06, ALE–ALE 0.62, PME–PME 0.44, PME–PLE 0.03, PLE–PLE 0.64, AME–PME 0.03, ALE–PLE 0.10. Thoracic fovea straight, narrow, deep: width 0.74. Chelicerae basal segment with 7 well-developed teeth on furrow promargin, with a group of ca 10 small teeth on proximal area of furrow. Intercheliceral tumescence absent. Maxillae with ca 100 cuspules, located on anterior inner corner. - -Labium subrectangular: length 0.63, width 1.05, with ca 38 cuspules. Sternum slightly round: length 2.58, width 2.36; with three pairs of oval sigilla separated by its diameter from the edge. Palp: palpal bulb with rectangular tegulum, pronounced PT ( +Labium subrectangular: length 0.63, width 1.05, with ca 38 cuspules. Sternum slightly round: length 2.58, width 2.36; with three pairs of oval sigilla separated by its diameter from the edge. + +Palp: palpal bulb with rectangular tegulum, pronounced PT ( Figs 43–46 ); short PS, discreetly pronounced ( Figs 43, 45 @@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ Tibial apophysis: prolatero-ventral spur with two branches of different sizes ( Superior tarsal claws without teeth. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; III-IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae dense, extension: I and II on distal 3/4; III and IV on less than half. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 7 trichae, interspersed with ca 9 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4123 ( -Table 1 +Table 1 ). Spination (proximal to distal): cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur 0; patella 0; tibia (r) 0. Leg I: femur 0; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-2-ap2; metatarsus (v) 1-0-ap1, (p) 1. Leg II: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-2-ap2, (p) 1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap1, (p) 1. Leg III: femur (r) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-0, (r) 0-2-ap1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-2, (p) 0-1-1, (r) 1-1-1. Leg IV: femur (p) 1, (r) 1; patela 0; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-0, (r) 1-2-0; metatarsus (d) 1, (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-ap2, (r) 1-2-ap3. diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135BFFA4FDF7FB9DFBB07D6E.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135BFFA4FDF7FB9DFBB07D6E.xml index 466737bbb75..87ad6521eb9 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135BFFA4FDF7FB9DFBB07D6E.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135BFFA4FDF7FB9DFBB07D6E.xml @@ -1,62 +1,62 @@ - - - -New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) - - -Author + + +Author -Moeller, Wolf -D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -wolf.moeller@unesp.br +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Galleti-Lima, Arthur -685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. -galleti.lima@unesp.br +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite -D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -jose.guadanucci@unesp.br +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2024 - -2024-07-31 + +2024 + +2024-07-31 - -947 + +947 - -53 -87 + +53 +87 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 -2118-9773 -13284797 -BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: , 119 ; -Table 4 +Table 4 @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ taxonomy and conservation. - + BRAZIL • ♂ @@ -171,7 +171,9 @@ taxonomy and conservation. P.H. Martins and Gonzalez-Filho H.M.O -col.; CAD 1444. +col.; +CAD 1444 +. @@ -180,15 +182,14 @@ col.; CAD 1444. - + BRAZIL • 1 ♀ -; same data as for holotype +; same data as for holotype; +CAD 1445 -; -CAD -1445. +. @@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ col.; CAD 1444. 5 mm. - + Table 4. Length of legs and palpal segments of @@ -347,11 +348,10 @@ Tibial apophysis: with two straight branches of different sizes ( Superior tarsal claws with four small teeth on the midline. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire; III entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae dense, extension: I and II more than distal half; III on distal half; IV on distal 1/3, divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 10 trichae, interspersed with ca 13 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4123 ( -Table 4 +Table 4 ). -Spination (proximal to distal): Cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (p) 2. Leg I: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 2-1-1, (p) 1-1-0; metatarsus (v) ap1; Leg II: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 3-3-ap3; metatarsus (v) 2-ap1. Leg III: femur 0; patella 0; tibia (v) 2-1-ap2, (p) 1, (r), 1-0-1; -metatarsus (v) 1-2-ap3, (p) 1, (r), 2-1-1; Leg IV: femur 0; patela 0; tibia (v) 1-ap3, (p) 1-1-2, (r), 1-1-2; metatarsus (v) 2-2-2+ap3, (p) 2-3-2, (r), 1-2-2. +Spination (proximal to distal): Cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (p) 2. Leg I: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 2-1-1, (p) 1-1-0; metatarsus (v) ap1; Leg II: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 3-3-ap3; metatarsus (v) 2-ap1. Leg III: femur 0; patella 0; tibia (v) 2-1-ap2, (p) 1, (r), 1-0-1; metatarsus (v) 1-2-ap3, (p) 1, (r), 2-1-1; Leg IV: femur 0; patela 0; tibia (v) 1-ap3, (p) 1-1-2, (r), 1-1-2; metatarsus (v) 2-2-2+ap3, (p) 2-3-2, (r), 1-2-2. Female ( @@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ Spermathecae: not projected in ventral direction, with two sclerotized rounded r Superior tarsal claws with four small teeth on the midline. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire; III entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae dense, extension: I entire; II more than a distal half; III on distal half; IV on distal 1/3, divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 10 trichae, interspersed with ca 13 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4123 ( -Table 3 +Table 3 ). Spination (proximal to distal): cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) ap3, (p) 1. Leg I: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-1-1, (p) 1; metatarsus (v) ap1. Leg II: femur (p) 1, patella 0; tibia (v) 2-1-ap3; metatarsus (v) 2-ap1. Leg III: femur 0; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1, (r), 0-1-1; metatarsus (v) 0-2-ap2, (p) 1, (r), 2-0-1. Leg IV: femur 0; patela 0; tibia (v) 1-ap2, (p) 1-0-2, (r), 0-1-2; metatarsus (d) 0, (v) 2-2-ap2, (p) 1-3-2, (r), 1-3-2. diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135DFFB8FDFFFC8CFAE17FF0.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135DFFB8FDFFFC8CFAE17FF0.xml index b0611b1d203..63e3c9eeb99 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135DFFB8FDFFFC8CFAE17FF0.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135DFFB8FDFFFC8CFAE17FF0.xml @@ -1,62 +1,62 @@ - - - -New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) - - -Author + + +Author -Moeller, Wolf -D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -wolf.moeller@unesp.br +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Galleti-Lima, Arthur -685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. -galleti.lima@unesp.br +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite -D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -jose.guadanucci@unesp.br +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2024 - -2024-07-31 + +2024 + +2024-07-31 - -947 + +947 - -53 -87 + +53 +87 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 -2118-9773 -13284797 -BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: , 119 , -Table 3 +Table 3 @@ -113,13 +113,13 @@ can be characterized by the bright orange color on carapace and legs, the abdome H. lesleyae by the absence of PA ( - + Fukushima et al. 2005: 20 , fig. 51; -Gabriel 2011: 78 +Gabriel 2011: 78 , fig. 6). They Differs from H. aymara @@ -128,9 +128,13 @@ by the presence of PS, a pronounced VP and by the abdominal striped pattern ( Figs 6 , 116 -; Perdomo +; + +Perdomo et al. -, 2009: 54; figs 1–6). They Differs from +, 2009: 54 + +; figs 1–6). They Differs from H. serrapelada @@ -139,9 +143,9 @@ and H. formosus by the absence of retrolateral keel ( -Gerschman & Schiapelli 1973: 71 +Gerschman & Schiapelli 1973: 71 , fig. 79; - + Fonseca-Ferreira et al. , 2017: 186 @@ -182,7 +186,7 @@ by the shorter embolus which has the distance between the distal portion of TK a - + BRAZIL • ♂ @@ -196,7 +200,9 @@ by the shorter embolus which has the distance between the distal portion of TK a ; R. Fonseca-Ferreira -col.; CAD 1443. +col.; +CAD 1443 +. @@ -207,17 +213,14 @@ col.; CAD 1443. BRAZIL • - + 2 ♂♂ ; Maranhão , -Manga +Manga , - -Mata -de Babagaçu - +Mata de Babagaçu , 23 Jul. 2023 @@ -231,18 +234,20 @@ Mata and J.P.L. Guadanucci col.; -CAD -1446–1447 + +CAD 1446 +–1447 + . • - + 2 ♂♂ ; -Maranhão +Maranhão , -São Raimundo das Mangabeiras +São Raimundo das Mangabeiras , -Campo Mamão +Campo Mamão , 24 Jul. 2023 @@ -256,13 +261,15 @@ col.; and J.P.L. Guadanucci col.; -CAD -1448–1449 + +CAD 1448 +–1449 + . - + Table 3. Length of legs and palpal segments of holotype male of @@ -391,7 +398,7 @@ Tibial apophysis: composed of two converging branches fused at base ( Superior tarsal claws with three small teeth on the midline. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; III-IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae not dense, extension: I and II on distal 1/3; III and IV on less than distal 1/3. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 8 trichae, interspersed with ca 10 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4123 ( -Table 3 +Table 3 ). Spination (proximal to distal): cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur (p) 1; patella (p) 1; tibia (p) 0-2-3. Leg I: femur (p) 1; patella (p) 1; tibia (p); metatarsus (p) 0-1-1, (r), 1. Leg II: femur (p)1; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-2-ap2, (p) 1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap1, (p) 1. Leg III: femur (r) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-0, (r) 0-2-ap1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-2, (p) 0-1-1, (r) 1-1-1. Leg IV: femur (p)0-0-1, (r)0-0- 1; patela 0; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-0, (r) 1-2-0; metatarsus (d) 1, (v) 1-1-ap2, (p)1-1-ap2, (r) 1-2-ap3. diff --git a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135EFFBFFD14FE5CFBD87B3C.xml b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135EFFBFFD14FE5CFBD87B3C.xml index aa4ecf94e78..68aab2d6568 100644 --- a/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135EFFBFFD14FE5CFBD87B3C.xml +++ b/data/03/9E/16/039E1667135EFFBFFD14FE5CFBD87B3C.xml @@ -1,62 +1,62 @@ - - - -New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) + + + +New species of tarantulas from Brazil and notes on the Hapalopini tribe (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) - - -Author + + +Author -Moeller, Wolf -D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -wolf.moeller@unesp.br +Moeller, Wolf +D86FA4FF-8863-4AA2-A8B9-C2122A81889A +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +wolf.moeller@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Galleti-Lima, Arthur -685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. -galleti.lima@unesp.br +Galleti-Lima, Arthur +685DC1DD-7403-4EB3-BA2C-6E49731C0AE8 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. & Laboratório Especial de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, Av. Miguel Frias e Vasconcelos, 573, 05503 - 900, São Paulo - SP, Brazil. +galleti.lima@unesp.br - - -Author + + +Author -Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite -D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 -Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. -jose.guadanucci@unesp.br +Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite +D4955FF5-FE7F-4E68-AB2F-4A89593F9850 +Laboratório de Aracnologia de Rio Claro, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24 A 1515, 13506 - 900 Rio Claro - SP, Brazil. +jose.guadanucci@unesp.br -text - - -European Journal of Taxonomy +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy - -2024 - -2024-07-31 + +2024 + +2024-07-31 - -947 + +947 - -53 -87 + +53 +87 - -https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2611/11951 -journal article -10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 -2118-9773 -13284797 -BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2024.947.2611 +2118-9773 +13284797 +BDC4B10B-8479-4C56-9355-5195DCAEE602 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: , 119 , -Table 2 +Table 2 @@ -111,22 +111,26 @@ can be characterized by the abdomen with a dorsal longitudinal middle dark band H. lesleyae by the absence of PA ( - + Fukushima et al. 2005: 20 , fig. 51; -Gabriel 2011: 78 +Gabriel 2011: 78 , fig. 6). They differ from H. aymara by the presence of PS, pronunciated VP and the abdominal pattern ( Fig. 12 -; Perdomo +; + +Perdomo et al. -2009: 54, figs 1–6), from +2009: 54 + +, figs 1–6), from H. serrapelada @@ -135,9 +139,9 @@ and H. formosus by the absence of a retrolateral keel ( -Gerschman & Schiapelli 1973: 71 +Gerschman & Schiapelli 1973: 71 , fig. 79; - + Fonseca-Ferreira et al. 2017: 186 @@ -169,18 +173,22 @@ by the longer embolus (distance between the distal portion of TK and the proxima by the spermathecae shape with a single rounded receptacle ( Fig. 65 -; Perdomo +; + +Perdomo et al. -2009: 54, fig. 7; - +2009: 54 + +, fig. 7; + Fukushima et al. 2005: 20 , fig. 54; -Mori & Bertani 2020: 48 +Mori & Bertani 2020: 48 , fig. 58; - + Fonseca-Ferreira et al. 2017: 187 @@ -202,13 +210,13 @@ and by the abdominal pattern with a dorsal longitudinal middle dark band ( Fig. 15 ; -Gabriel & Sherwood 2022: 8 +Gabriel & Sherwood 2022: 8 ; -Ausserer 1875: 175 +Ausserer 1875: 175 ; -Gabriel 2016: 78 +Gabriel 2016: 78 ; -Caporiacco 1955: 281 +Caporiacco 1955: 281 ). @@ -238,14 +246,14 @@ The name is in honor of the indigenous Akroá people, originating from the south - + BRAZIL • ♂ ; Piauí , -Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões +Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões , 2010–2011; L.S. Carvalho et al. @@ -260,7 +268,7 @@ col.; - + BRAZIL • 1 ♀ @@ -268,7 +276,7 @@ col.; IBSP 272771 • - + 1 ♂ ; same data as for holotype; IBSP 343841 @@ -295,7 +303,7 @@ Color (in alcohol): carapace, light orange. Chelicerae orange. Legs light orange type III urticating setae, on the central dorsum of the abdomen. Total length: 20.77. Chelicerae basal segment: length 2.15. Carapace elongated: length 9.22, width 7.69. Abdomen: length 9.40. Clypeus absent. Eye tubercle slightly elevated, oval: length 1.61, width 1.00. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eyes and interdistances: AME 0.29, ALE 0.24, PME 0.21, PLE 0.33, AME–AME 0.22, AME–ALE 0.15, ALE–ALE 0.30, PME–PME 0.73, PME–PLE 0.10, PLE–PLE 0.99, AME–PME0.11, ALE–PLE 0.20. Thoracic fovea slightly procurved, deep: width 2.10. Chelicerae basal segment with 9 well-developed teeth on furrow promargin, with a group of ca 22 small teeth on proximal area of furrow. Intercheliceral tumescence absent. Maxillae with 100–150 cuspules, located on anterior inner corner. Labium subrectangular: length 1.27, width 2.21, with ca 40 cuspules. Sternum slightly round: length 4.57, width 3.77; with three pairs of oval sigilla separated by its diameter from the edge. - + Table 2. Length of legs and palpal segments of @@ -402,7 +410,7 @@ Tibial apophysis: composed of two converging branches fused at base ( Superior tarsal claws with three small teeth on the midline. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; III-IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae: I-IV on distal 1/3. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 19 trichae, interspersed with ca 10 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4312 ( -Table 2 +Table 2 ). Spination (proximal to distal): cymbium and tarsi without spines. Palp: femur 0; patella (v) ap1, (p) 1; tibia (p) 0-2-1. Leg I: femur (d) 1; patella 0; tibia (p) 1, (r) 0-1-1; metatarsus (v) 2-0-ap1, (r) 0-1-0. Leg II: femur (p) 1; patella 0; tibia (v) 2-2-ap1, (r) 0-1-0; metatarsus (v) 0-2-ap1, (p) 1, (r) 1. Leg III: femur (d) 0-0-2; patella (p) 1; tibia (v) 0-1-ap2, (p) 0-2-ap1, (r) 0-1-1; metatarsus (v) 1-2-ap2, (p) 1-3-1, (r) 1-2-1. Leg IV: femur (d) 1; patela (p) 1; tibia (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 0-1-1, (r) 1-1-0; metatarsus (d) 1-2-1, (v) 2-4-2, (p)1-2-1, (r) 1-4-2. @@ -449,7 +457,7 @@ Spermathecae: composed by a single receptacle, well sclerotized with granular ca Superior tarsal claws with four small teeth on the midline. Tarsal scopulae: I-II entire; III entire with longitudinal band of conical setae; IV divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Metatarsal scopulae dense, extension: I more than a distal half; II on distal half; III and IV on distal 1/3, divided by longitudinal band of conical setae. Clavate tarsal trichobothria in two rows, each with ca 10 trichae, interspersed with ca 13 filiform trichobothria of different sizes. Leg formula 4312 ( -Table 2 +Table 2 ). Spination (proximal to distal): femura, patellae and tarsi without spines. Palp: tibia (v) 0-2-ap3. Leg I: tibia 0; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap1. Leg II: tibia (v) 0-1-ap0, (d) 0-1-ap0; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap2. (p) 1-1- ap0. Leg III: tibia (v) 0-1-ap2, (p) 1-1-ap0, (r) 0-1-ap1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-3-1, (r), 2-1-1. Leg IV: tibia (v) 1-2-ap2, (r) 1-1-ap1; metatarsus (v) 1-1-ap2, (p) 1-2-2, (r), 1-2-1. diff --git a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC250FFE0D2BB4F34627EFEF9.xml b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC250FFE0D2BB4F34627EFEF9.xml index eec23b128df..b849f715b4f 100644 --- a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC250FFE0D2BB4F34627EFEF9.xml +++ b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC250FFE0D2BB4F34627EFEF9.xml @@ -1,91 +1,93 @@ - - - -Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas + + + +Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas - - -Author + + +Author -Chen, Zhongzheng -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Chen, Zhongzheng +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. - - -Author + + +Author -Pei, Xiaoxin -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Pei, Xiaoxin +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Hu, Jiangxiao -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China +Hu, Jiangxiao +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China - - -Author + + +Author -Song, Wenyu -Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China +Song, Wenyu +Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China - - -Author + + +Author -Khanal, Laxman -Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal +Khanal, Laxman +Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Quan -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Li, Quan +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Jiang, Xuelong -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Jiang, Xuelong +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. -text - - -Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society - -2024 - -2023-09-28 + +2024 + +2023-09-28 - -201 + +201 - -2 + +2 - -534 -548 + +534 +548 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -journal article -10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -0024-4082 -13219976 -0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding +journal article +301433 +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 +90f9b8f2-6311-48e8-a1a0-38f6e0ea6e46 +0024-4082 +13219976 +0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding - + @@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ ) ( -Table 1 +Table 1 ) @@ -202,9 +204,9 @@ Sizeisthelargestinthegenus , HB = 89 ± 3 mm ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ). Dorsal pelage colour varies from brown to black, ventral paler (Supporting Information, -Fig. S2 +Fig. S2 ). Tail is not sharply bicolored. Most individuals have a tail length ≤ 50 mm , averaging 52% of head and body length. Foreclaws are enlarged. The skull is broad, with the widest maxillary region in the genus ( @@ -219,7 +221,7 @@ is the largest, whereas U 4 is minute. M 3 is reduced. The tips of teeth are slightly pigmented with orange or light red. - + Figure 5. Estimated divergence times of the genus @@ -325,7 +327,7 @@ in sp. 1 ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ). The coronoid process of the three forms is similar to that of S. nigrescens @@ -364,7 +366,7 @@ in sp. 2 ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ). Second, according to the measurements provided by Hinton (1922) , the tail length of three subspecies (TL ≤ diff --git a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25CFFE2D2B84A416319F82D.xml b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25CFFE2D2B84A416319F82D.xml index b35daf810fa..2a8ece76f2a 100644 --- a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25CFFE2D2B84A416319F82D.xml +++ b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25CFFE2D2B84A416319F82D.xml @@ -1,91 +1,93 @@ - - - -Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas + + + +Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas - - -Author + + +Author -Chen, Zhongzheng -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Chen, Zhongzheng +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. - - -Author + + +Author -Pei, Xiaoxin -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Pei, Xiaoxin +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Hu, Jiangxiao -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China +Hu, Jiangxiao +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China - - -Author + + +Author -Song, Wenyu -Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China +Song, Wenyu +Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China - - -Author + + +Author -Khanal, Laxman -Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal +Khanal, Laxman +Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Quan -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Li, Quan +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Jiang, Xuelong -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Jiang, Xuelong +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. -text - - -Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society - -2024 - -2023-09-28 + +2024 + +2023-09-28 - -201 + +201 - -2 + +2 - -534 -548 + +534 +548 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -journal article -10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -0024-4082 -13219976 -0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding +journal article +301433 +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 +90f9b8f2-6311-48e8-a1a0-38f6e0ea6e46 +0024-4082 +13219976 +0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding - + @@ -101,9 +103,9 @@ Chen & Jiang [ Fig. 6 ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ; Supporting Information, -Fig. S2 +Fig. S2 (= Soriculus @@ -275,9 +277,9 @@ External morphology and size similar to S. nivatus ( -Table 1 +Table 1 ), but the pelage is slightly darker (Supporting Information, -Fig. S2 +Fig. S2 ). The dorsal pelage is dense and soft, about 8 mm long in winter (we have not collected this species in summer, but we suspect that its dorsal pelage should be shorter in summer, similar to diff --git a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25DFFE2D2BC4C13644EFD87.xml b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25DFFE2D2BC4C13644EFD87.xml index 6183235aea9..082281f311a 100644 --- a/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25DFFE2D2BC4C13644EFD87.xml +++ b/data/03/B5/2D/03B52D1AC25DFFE2D2BC4C13644EFD87.xml @@ -1,91 +1,93 @@ - - - -Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas + + + +Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas - - -Author + + +Author -Chen, Zhongzheng -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Chen, Zhongzheng +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. - - -Author + + +Author -Pei, Xiaoxin -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Pei, Xiaoxin +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China & State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Hu, Jiangxiao -Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China +Hu, Jiangxiao +Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China - - -Author + + +Author -Song, Wenyu -Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China +Song, Wenyu +Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China - - -Author + + +Author -Khanal, Laxman -Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal +Khanal, Laxman +Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Quan -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +Li, Quan +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China - - -Author + + +Author -Jiang, Xuelong -State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China -jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. +Jiang, Xuelong +State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China +jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn. -text - - -Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society - -2024 - -2023-09-28 + +2024 + +2023-09-28 - -201 + +201 - -2 + +2 - -534 -548 + +534 +548 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -journal article -10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 -0024-4082 -13219976 -0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding +journal article +301433 +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad131 +90f9b8f2-6311-48e8-a1a0-38f6e0ea6e46 +0024-4082 +13219976 +0EE61D6-B54D-42E8-9EA1-82E505AAF6F2Corresponding - + @@ -101,9 +103,9 @@ Chen & Jiang [ Fig. 6 ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ; Supporting Information, -Fig. S2 +Fig. S2 (= Soriculus @@ -265,9 +267,9 @@ is a medium sized shrew (W = 11.7 ± , HB = 83 ± 4 mm ; -Table 1 +Table 1 ) in the genus. The dorsal pelage is uniformly dark brown ( -Fig. 5 +Fig. 5 ) but slightly browner than S. nigrescens @@ -452,7 +454,7 @@ in S. nigrescens ) between the two species do not overlap ( -Table 1 +Table 1 ). The maxillary region of S. nivatus @@ -509,7 +511,7 @@ is easily distinguished from S. minor by its larger size, and the two species usually show little or no overlap in all measurements ( -Table 1 +Table 1 ). It can further be distinguished from S. minor diff --git a/data/19/A2/B0/19A2B0719AAF5C559CBD56244B4AAC94.xml b/data/19/A2/B0/19A2B0719AAF5C559CBD56244B4AAC94.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..356c88374e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/19/A2/B0/19A2B0719AAF5C559CBD56244B4AAC94.xml @@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Pseudosmittia unniae +Ferrington & Sæther, 2011 + + + + + +Figs 5 A – D +, +6 A – E + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +18 ♀ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +, +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code NAM 86 + +BOLD + +sequence ID + +NAMCH 072-20 + +; + +NAMCH 070-20 + + +BOLD + +BIN + +BOLD +: +ADW 9545 + +; + +BOLD +: +ACK 7891 + + +• + +2 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +, +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +Malaise trap +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 81, NAM 89, + +BOLD + +sequence ID + +NAMCH 065-20 + +, + +NAMCH 072-20 + +, + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ADW 9545 + + +• + +9 ♂ +1 ♀ +, +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code NAM 61, NAM 60, NAM 59, NAM-Chiro 51, NAM-Chiro 50, NAM-Chiro 49, NAM-Chiro 48, NAM-Chiro 45; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 051-20 + +, + +NAMCH 050-20 + +, + +NAMCH 0549-20 + +, + +NAMOE 051-22 + +, + +NAMOE 050-22 + +; + +NAMOE 049-22 + +, + +NAMOE 048-22 + +, + +NAMOE 045-22 + +, + +NAMOE 044-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN + +BOLD +: +AEG 0717 + +; + +BOLD +: +ADW 9545 + + +. + + + + + + + +Pseudosmittia unniae + +adult male +A, B +heads +C, D +abdomens with hypopygium. + + + + + + + + +Pseudosmittia unniae + +adult male +A +Head +B +wing +C +scutum +D +hypopygium +E +virga. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of this species from +Namibia +( +Ferrington and Sæther 2011 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). Comparison of current sequences with existing BINs on the + +BOLD + +system has shown the presence of this species also in +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/26/6D/8C/266D8CF25D2558FA9E906AB9AC6FFD43.xml b/data/26/6D/8C/266D8CF25D2558FA9E906AB9AC6FFD43.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e533f8da3b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/26/6D/8C/266D8CF25D2558FA9E906AB9AC6FFD43.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Paraphaenocladius impensus +(Walker, 1856) + + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +, +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 83; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 067-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 2655 + + +;. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +, but numerous representatives of the same BIN were previously recorded from +South Africa +( + +BOLD +: ACK 2655 + +, +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). The species is otherwise known from the multiple countries in the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Oriental regions. This is the first Afrotropical record (although the species is recorded from Palaearctic parts of the African continent, i. e. +Algeria +) ( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/31/70/D2/3170D2FAEF92517394510DCD6429C30A.xml b/data/31/70/D2/3170D2FAEF92517394510DCD6429C30A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..59dc9aaff05 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/31/70/D2/3170D2FAEF92517394510DCD6429C30A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,402 @@ + + + +A new Psammitis species (Araneae, Thomisidae) from an extinct volcano in Georgia with reevaluation of the generic position of Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875 + + + +Author + +Seropian, Armen +0000-0003-3777-9954 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + + + +Author + +Mumladze, Levan +0000-0002-2172-6973 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + +text + + +Caucasiana + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +3 + + +119 +126 + + + +journal article +10.3897/caucasiana.3.e120656 +21D13F14-2F8D-41BE-BD32-8C900D3C3628 + + + + + +Psammitis abuliensis + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1–5 + + + + +Type material. + + + +Holotype +: +♂ +(CaBOL-ID 1012781): +Georgia +: +Samtskhe-Javakheti +, +Akhalkalaki +municipality, +Didi Abuli Mt. +; + +N 41.4380 ° +, +E 43.6462 ° + +; + +3267 m +a. s. l. + +, under rocks; + +12 September 2018 + +; leg. +L. Mumladze. + +Paratype +: +1 ♂ +(CaBOL-ID 1012780): same collecting data. Both specimens are deposited in the scientific collections of Ilia State University, +Georgia +, +Tbilisi +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +The new species resembles + +P. sabulosus +(Hahn, 1832) + +that occurs in +Georgia +( +Thaler 1981 +: figs 52, 57; +Jantscher 2002 +: figs 5–6) and + +P. demirsoyi +( +Demir, Topçu & Türkes, 2006 +) + +from +Turkey +( +Demir et al. 2006 +: figs 1–2, 5–7). The males of the new species can be distinguished from those of + +P. sabulosus + +by having a bow tie-shaped very short and broad embolus tip (vs. long and thin), a longer basal embolus, and a larger tutacular apophysis. From the males of + +P. demirsoyi + +, those of + +P. abuliensis + +sp. n. +can be distinguished by the presence of a large tutacular apophysis (vs. absence) and a bow tie-shaped very short and broad embolus tip (vs. differently shaped longer and thinner) (Figs +3 +, +5 +). + + + + +Description. + + +Male ( +holotype +/ +paratype +). Total length: 6.90 / 6.85; Carapace: 3.41 / 3.39 long, 3.35 / 3.35 wide; Abdomen: 3.80 / 3.85 long, 3.30 / 3.32 wide; Clypeal height: 0.35 / 0.34; Clypeus with 15 long and robust bristles; Cheliceral length: 1.15 / 1.15; +AME +: 0.11 / 0.11; +ALE +: 0.20 / 0.20; +PME +: 0.11 / 0.11; +PLE +: 0.14 / 0.14. Color and pattern as shown in Figs +4–5 +. Sternum yellow, with irregular dark spots. Leg coloration: +Fe +and +Pa +I – IV dark brown ( +Fe +and +Pa +III – IV apically lightened), +Ti +, +Mt +, and +Ta +I – IV dark yellow ( +Ti +I – II basally darkened). Leg measurements and spination as in Tables +2 +and +3 +. + +Female unknown. + +Etymology +. The specific epithet is an adjective referring to the +type +locality of the new species in Akhalkalaki municipality. + + +Habitat +. +Two males +of the new species were obtained by hand collecting under the small stones on a mountaintop (Figs +6–7 +). + + +Distribution +. Known from the +type +locality only. + + +Barcoding results +. Two identical barcodes were obtained from the specimens with CaBOL-IDs 1012780 and 1012781 ( + +BOLD +: AFP 6894 + +) with the nearest neighbor in the +BOLD +Systems + +P. ninnii + +from +Spain +with a private status ( +p +- distance 6.3 %). + + + + + + + +Psammitis abuliensis + + +sp. nov. + +, male ( +1 +holotype, dorsal habitus +2 +paratype, dorsal habitus +3 +left palp, ventral view +4 +ditto, retrolateral view +5 +tip of embolus, rotated). Scale bars: 2 mm (1–2); 0.2 mm (3–4); 0.1 mm (5). + + + + + + +Length (mm) of leg segments. Male (holotype / paratype). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- +Fe + +Pa + +Ti + +Mt + +Ta +Total
I3.51 / 3.511.42 / 1.412.60 / 2.582.50 / 2.501.21 / 1.2011.24 / 11.20
II3.31 / 3.301.52 / 1.522.52 / 2.502.11 / 2.111.21 / 1.2110.67 / 10.64
III1.55 / 1.531.11 / 1.112.04 / 2.021.72 / 1.711.04 / 1.047.46 / 7.41
IV2.25 / 2.221.02 / 0.982.11 / 2.091.80 / 1.801.02 / 1.028.20 / 8.11
+ + + + + +Leg spination. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- +Fe + +Ti + +Mt +
Id 0-1 - 1 - 1 - 1 p 11p 1-1 - 1 r 1-1 - 1p 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 ap r 1-1 - 1 - 2 ap
v 2-1 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 1 - 2 apv 1-1 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 1 ap
IId 1-1 - 2 - 1 - 1p 1 - 1 - 1 r 1-1 - 1p 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 ap r 1-1 - 1 ap
v 2-1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 2 apv 11-2 ap
IIId 0-1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1p 1 - 1 - 1 ap r 1-1 - 0p 1 - 1 - 1 ap r 1-1 - 1 ap
v 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1v 2 - 2 - 2
IVd 1-1 - 1p 1 - 1 r 1-1 - 1p 1-1 - 1 ap r 1-1 - 1 ap
v 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 2 apv 1-1 - 1 - 1 - 2 ap
+ + + + + + +Type locality of + +Psammitis abuliensis + +sp. nov. +in Georgia, Didi Abuli Mt. (6 – sampling area; 7 – sampling plot). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/32/3E/8A/323E8AC8951E53908DC0C9F72C700492.xml b/data/32/3E/8A/323E8AC8951E53908DC0C9F72C700492.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a254e97168 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/32/3E/8A/323E8AC8951E53908DC0C9F72C700492.xml @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Psectrocladius +cf. +schlienzi +Wülker, 1956 + + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 65; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 055-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 4896 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +, but numerous representatives of the same BIN were previously recorded from +South Africa +( + +BOLD +: ACK 4896 + +, +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). It is worth noting that this species is otherwise distributed in the Palaearctic ( +Austria +, +Denmark +, +Finland +, +Germany +, +United Kingdom +, +Italy +, +Moldova +, +Mongolia +, +Netherlands +, +Norway +, +Portugal +, +Slovakia +, +Spain +, +Sweden +, +Switzerland +) ( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). It is, therefore, worth considering that the specimen that we have found belongs to a yet undescribed species of + +Psectrocladius + +related to + +P. schlienzi + +. More material is needed before we can test this hypothesis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/3C/0F/BE/3C0FBE1E073A5F08A0014C6D1F609019.xml b/data/3C/0F/BE/3C0FBE1E073A5F08A0014C6D1F609019.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..347291a8082 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3C/0F/BE/3C0FBE1E073A5F08A0014C6D1F609019.xml @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Chironomus transvaalensis +Kieffer, 1923 + + + + + +Fig. 10 A, B + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +30 ♂ +24 ♀ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +; + +22 ° 34 ' 28.92 " S +, +17 ° 3 ' 15.84 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 3; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 003-22 + + +• + +3 ♀ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +; +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 23; NAM-Chiro 54; NAM-Chiro 3; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 023-22 + +; + +NAMOE 054-22 + +; + +NAMOE 003-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +AAW 3995 + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 34; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 034-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +AAW 3995 + + +• + +1 ♂ +14 ♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Düstenbrook +; + +22 ° 15 ' 11.52 " S +, +16 ° 54 ' 1.44 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +leg.; + +NMNW + + +. + + + + + + +Chironomini +, adult males +A, B + +Chironomus transvaalensis + +C + +Chironomus calipterus + +D + +Dicrotendipes septemmaculatus + +E + +Kiefferulus brevipalpis + +F + +Parachironomus acutus + +G + +Paracladopelma rhodesianus + +H + +Polypedilum abyssiniae + +A, C – H +hypopygia +B +head. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +The species is widely distributed in +Namibia +and the rest of the Afrotropics, as well as southern Palaearctic ( +Lindner 1976 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/3C/D0/97/3CD09753CB5654D9A9F9BE4E045C391A.xml b/data/3C/D0/97/3CD09753CB5654D9A9F9BE4E045C391A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3743c34b4c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3C/D0/97/3CD09753CB5654D9A9F9BE4E045C391A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,376 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Cladotanytarsus pseudomancus +(Goetghebuer, 1934) + + + + + +Fig. 9 A, B + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +500 ♂ +♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +Malaise trap +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 39; NAM-Chiro 38; NAM-Chiro 37; NAM-Chiro 36; NAM-Chiro 35: NAM 50; NAM 49; NAM 51; NAM-Chiro 41; NAM-Chiro 40; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 039-22 + +; + +NAMOE 038-22 + +; + +NAMOE 037-22 + +; + +NAMOE 036-22 + +; + +NAMOE 035-22 + +; + +NAMCH 013-19 + +; + +NAMCH 012-19 + +; + +NAMCH 048-20 + +; + +NAMOE 041-22 + +; + +NAMOE 040-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 2243 + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +; + +22 ° 36 ' 43.2 " S +, +17 ° 5 ' 27.6 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +, +V +. +Baranov, X. +Lin +leg.; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 5; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 005-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 2243 + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +, +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 97; NAM 93; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 080-20 + +; + +NAMCH 076-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 2243 + + +• + +1 larva +, +1 pupa +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + + +. + + + + + + +Tanytarsini +, adult males, hypopygia +A, B + +Cladotanytarsus pseudomancus + +C + +Tanytarsus pallidulus + +D + +Tanytarsus bifurcus + +. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). + +Cladotanytarsus pseudomancus + +is a widespread species, thus far recorded from the Afrotropical Region, including +Madagascar +, from the Oriental Region: +India +( +West Bengal +), +China +( +Hainan +) and the Palaearctic Region: Russian far east, +France +, +Egypt +, +Saudi Arabia +and +Oman +( +Gilka 2009 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/3F/3D/BB/3F3DBB3596EB5CCE8987C7B30E707D19.xml b/data/3F/3D/BB/3F3DBB3596EB5CCE8987C7B30E707D19.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc2ef2a78b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3F/3D/BB/3F3DBB3596EB5CCE8987C7B30E707D19.xml @@ -0,0 +1,236 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Kiefferulus brevipalpis +(Kieffer, 1918) + + + + + +Fig. 10 E + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +3 ♂ +2 ♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 46; NAM 67; NAM 64; NAM 63; NAM 62; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 046-22 + +; + +NAMCH 057-20 + +; + +NAMCH 054-20 + +; + +NAMCH 053-20 + +; + +NAMCH 052-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +AFG 1076 + +; + +BOLD +: +ACK 6259 + + +• + +7 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +; + +22 ° 36 ' 43.2 " S +, +17 ° 5 ' 27.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +light trap +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 22; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 022-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +AFG 1076 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +, otherwise being recorded from +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +and +Uganda +, (as. + +Nilodorum brevipalpis +(Kieffer, 1918 )) + +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Martin 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/4A/05/BE/4A05BE261B8A5C0181AE4DA519BDE9A9.xml b/data/4A/05/BE/4A05BE261B8A5C0181AE4DA519BDE9A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2db0251848a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/4A/05/BE/4A05BE261B8A5C0181AE4DA519BDE9A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Tanytarsus bifurcus +Freeman, 1958 + + + + + +Fig. 9 D + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +6 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow, + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +Malaise trap +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; + +NMNW + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1–5 Dec. 2018 + +; +sweep net +; +G. M. Kvifte +, +V +. + +Baranov, +X. Lin + +leg.; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 19; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 019-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ADU 6503 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +( +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). Otherwise this species is occurring in +Burkina Faso +, +Chad +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +and +Ghana +( +Freeman 1958 +; +Dejoux 1968 a +, 1968 +c, 1974 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Ekrem 2001 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/51/F3/1B/51F31BFCE0DD587285349E6E3E93977D.xml b/data/51/F3/1B/51F31BFCE0DD587285349E6E3E93977D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..53a5597bc8d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/51/F3/1B/51F31BFCE0DD587285349E6E3E93977D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Chironomus calipterus +Kieffer, 1908 + + + + + +Fig. 10 C + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +67 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + + +. + + +Distribution: The species is widely distributed in +Namibia +and rest of the Afrotropics as well as the southern Palaearctic ( +Freeman 1957 +; +Lindner 1976 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Andersen and Mendes 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/52/77/6A/52776A8EE65A5FB4B7AB2B81C1303B1C.xml b/data/52/77/6A/52776A8EE65A5FB4B7AB2B81C1303B1C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06c73307b25 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/52/77/6A/52776A8EE65A5FB4B7AB2B81C1303B1C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Cricotopus flavozonatus +Freeman, 1953 +a + + + + + +Fig. 4 D, E + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• several hundred +♂ +♀ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1–5 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +/ +V +. +Baranov +/ +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 14, NAM 04, NAM 13, NAM 12; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 024-20 + +, + +NAMCH 023-20 + +, + +NAMCH 017-20 + +, + +NAMCH 006-19 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACG 906 + + +• + +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +; + +22 ° 36 ' 43.2 " S +, +17 ° 5 ' 27.6 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +/ +V +. +Baranov +/ +X. Lin +leg.; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 31, NAM-Chiro 32; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 031-22 + +, + +NAMOE 032-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACG 9062 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +. + +Cricotopus flavozonatus + +was previously recorded from +Ethiopia +, +Uganda +, +South Africa +, and +Zimbabwe +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/58/09/20/580920C75529535D96EC20A097A2B7C9.xml b/data/58/09/20/580920C75529535D96EC20A097A2B7C9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..21e39dbff6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/58/09/20/580920C75529535D96EC20A097A2B7C9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Corynoneura dewulfi +Goetghebuer, 1935 + + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +5 ♂ +1 ♀ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kwifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + + +. + +No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). The species is otherwise known from D. +R +. +Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +South Africa +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +and +Zimbabwe +( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/5F/66/6F/5F666F59BEDA5EB39C5B2A447D2F69F2.xml b/data/5F/66/6F/5F666F59BEDA5EB39C5B2A447D2F69F2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d8c3a441cbb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/5F/66/6F/5F666F59BEDA5EB39C5B2A447D2F69F2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Parametriocnemus scotti +( +Freeman, 1956 +) + + + + + +Fig. 4 G + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +8 ♂ +2 ♀ +, +1 larva +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +/ +V +. + +Baranov, +X. Lin + +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 37; NAM 19; NAM-Chiro 30; NAM-Chiro 29; + +BOLD + +sequence ID + +NAMCH 046-20 + +; + +NAMOE 030-22 + +; + +NAMOE 029-22 + +; + +NAMCH 007-19 + + +BOLD +: +ADY 1682 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of this species from +Namibia +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). The species is otherwise known from +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +South Africa +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +and +Zimbabwe +( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/6D/BF/8F/6DBF8F5A90515356A98FF0CD81F3F204.xml b/data/6D/BF/8F/6DBF8F5A90515356A98FF0CD81F3F204.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f164959a7c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/6D/BF/8F/6DBF8F5A90515356A98FF0CD81F3F204.xml @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Dicrotendipes septemmaculatus +(Becker, 1908) + + + + + +Fig. 10 D + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +5 ♂ +, +2 larvae +; +2 pupae +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; S + +22 ° 52 ' 90 " S; +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kwifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 4; NAM 88; NAM 95; NAM 94; NAM 91; NAM 90; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 004-22 + +; + +NAMCH 016-19 + +; + +NAMCH 078-20 + +; + +NAMCH 077-20 + +; + +NAMCH 074-20 + +; + +NAMCH 073-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 4391 + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +; + +22 ° 36 ' 43.2 " S +, +17 ° 5 ' 27.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +light trap +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 76; + +BOLD + +sequence ID; + +NAMCH 015-19 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ADY 3994 + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +HARDAP +; Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 25; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 025-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 4391 + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM 66; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMCH 056-20 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ACK 4391 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +, otherwise recorded from numerous countries: +Algeria +, +Australia +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +China +, +Egypt +, +Bangladesh +, +India +, +Indonesia +, +Japan +, +Lebanon +, +Myanmar +, +Namibia +, +Nigeria +, +South Africa +, +Spain +, +Sudan +, +Uganda +and +Zimbabwe +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Qi et al. 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/6D/DB/29/6DDB2962F990532587C92FB45E63D5B0.xml b/data/6D/DB/29/6DDB2962F990532587C92FB45E63D5B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1ef4228bf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/6D/DB/29/6DDB2962F990532587C92FB45E63D5B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +A new Psammitis species (Araneae, Thomisidae) from an extinct volcano in Georgia with reevaluation of the generic position of Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875 + + + +Author + +Seropian, Armen +0000-0003-3777-9954 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + + + +Author + +Mumladze, Levan +0000-0002-2172-6973 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + +text + + +Caucasiana + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +3 + + +119 +126 + + + +journal article +10.3897/caucasiana.3.e120656 +21D13F14-2F8D-41BE-BD32-8C900D3C3628 + + + + +Genus + +Psammitis +Menge, 1876 + + + + + + +Type +species. + + + + +Thomisus sabulosus +Hahn, 1832 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/6F/6C/42/6F6C427FA8A2531CB994D70579D03C93.xml b/data/6F/6C/42/6F6C427FA8A2531CB994D70579D03C93.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..547656c6174 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/6F/6C/42/6F6C427FA8A2531CB994D70579D03C93.xml @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Tanytarsus pallidulus +Freeman, 1954 + + + + + +Fig. 9 C + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +430 ♂ +♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +Malaise trap +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; + +NMNW + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +, +Windhoek +, + +22 ° 36 ' 43.2 " S +, +17 ° 5 ' 27.6 " E + +; + +8 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +, +V +. + +Baranov, +X. Lin + +leg.; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 6; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 006-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +AAH 9824 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). Otherwise, this species is occurring in +South Africa +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Zimbabwe +, +Democratic Republic of Congo +and +Saudi Arabia +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Cranston and Judd 1989 +; +Ekrem 2001 +; +Harrison 2004 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/79/8D/98/798D986B7DC85818B19F52A807F00532.xml b/data/79/8D/98/798D986B7DC85818B19F52A807F00532.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16361c4ef23 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/79/8D/98/798D986B7DC85818B19F52A807F00532.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Cricotopus obscurus +Freeman, 1953 + + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +3 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +; + +22 ° 34 ' 28.92 " S +, +17 ° 3 ' 15.84 " E + +; + +7 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; +119 ♂ +♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + + +• + +115 ♂ +♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Gross Barmen +; + +22 ° 6 ' 38.16 " S +, +16 ° 44 ' 42 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; +No +specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Species is present in +Namibia +( +Harrison 2004 +). +Lesotho +, +South Africa +, +Zimbabwe +, +Senegal +(uncertain) ( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/88/29/F5/8829F564D34F59FD8F78E64F272508E4.xml b/data/88/29/F5/8829F564D34F59FD8F78E64F272508E4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4368d732b2a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/88/29/F5/8829F564D34F59FD8F78E64F272508E4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,513 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Paraphaenocladius namibiae +Baranov + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 7 A – C +, +8 A, B + + + + +Material examined. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +sweep net + +; + +Holotype +is deposited at + +NMNW + + +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +Namibia +• +2 ♀ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +, +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen codes: NAM-Chiro 27; NAM-Chiro 28; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 027-22 + +, + +NAMOE 028-22 + +. (poorly preserved, used in barcoding, vouchers non-recovered) + +. + + +Both sequences were of lower quality, providing rather inconclusive barcode-based identification (See Suppl. material +1 +). The closest match in + +BOLD + +v. 4 database was + +Corynoneura +sp. + +(private record), with match of the barcode of 87.99 % (Suppl. material +3 +). + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Differs from all other known species of + +Paraphaenocladius + +based on the combination of the cell proximal to crossvein +r – m +with no setae, anal point of abdominal tergite X with parallel-sided tip, free of visible setae (except for a few microtrichia, virga absent, gonostylus with low, elongated crista dorsalis. + + + + +Description. + + +Adult male ( +holotype +, male; n = 1). + + +Total length +1.9 mm +, wing length +1.4 mm +. Overall greenish colour, with yellow stripes on the scutum, small chironomid. + + +Antennae +: +holotype +was missing antennae upon sorting out from the samples. + + +Head +: Eyes with short, wedge-shaped extension. Temporal setae (n = 1) 9, with 4 inner and 5 outer verticals, 3 orbital setae, clypeus with 8 setae. Tentorium 120 µm. Palpomeres’ length in µm (n = 1): 2 +nd +- 33, 3 +rd +– 88, 4 +th +- 95, 5 +th +- 95 (Figs +7 A +, +8 B +). + + + + + + + +Paraphaenocladius namibiae + +sp. nov. +holotype, adult male +A +head +B +hypopygium +C +wing. + + + + + + + + +Paraphaenocladius namibiae + +sp. nov. +holotype, adult male +A +head +B +hypogium + + + +Thorax +: Anteropronotal setae - 3, Dorsocentral setae - 15, Acrostichals - 5, scutellars – 8. + + +Legs +: all legs are missing tarsomeres. Fore and mid tibiae with one tibial spur, hind tibia with two spurs. Leg elements lengths as listed in Table +1 +. + + + + + + +Length (in μm) of leg segments of + +Paraphaenocladius namibiae + +sp. nov. +, male (n = 1). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
LegFemoraTibiaTa 1Ta 2Ta 3Ta 4Ta 5
Foreleg300250–––––
Midleg300260–––––
Hindleg340300–––––
+ + +Wing +1.4 mm +long. Anal lobe strongly reduced. Costal extension 70 µm long, with 6 non-marginal setae. + +Cu +1 + +slightly sinuate. + +R + +with 28 setae. + +R +1 + +with 11 setae, + +R +4 + 5 + +with 30 setae. +r – m +bare, +M +bare, + +M +1 + 2 + +with 61 setae, + +M +3 + 4 + +with 48 setae. +Cu +with 29 setae, Cu +1 +with 33 setae. +CuP +with 27 setae (Fig. +7 C +). + + + +Hypopygium +. + +Anal point with mostly bare apex (bearing some microtrichia), 12 μm long, 5 μm wide, tip parallel-sided. Anal point with three pairs of strong lateral setae at the base. Sternapodeme 65 μm long, phalapodeme 36 μm long. Virga absent. Gonocoxite 100 μm long, with large, rounded inferior volsella. Gonostylus 55 μm long. Megasetae 7 μm long. Gonostylus with a strong, apically rounded megasetae (Figs +7 B +, +8 B +). + + + + +Etymology. + + +Named for +Namibia +, the species’ country of origin. + + + + +Comments. + + +Species was attributed to genus + +Paraphaenocladius + +, based on the combination of bare eyes with hairy wings, with Costal extension ending proximally to the tip of M + +3 + 4 + +and Cu + +1 + +curved. + + +Based on the combination of the cell m proximal to crossvein +r – m +with zero setae, triangular anal point, with basal setae and bare apex, longer than wide and absent virga, the new species appears to belong to the + +P. dewulfi + +- species group sensu +Sæther & Wang, 1995 +. This group consists of three previously described species of + +Paraphaenocladius + +, inhabiting the Afrotropics: + +P. dewulfi +(Goetghebuer, 1936) + +, + +P. cuneipennis +( +Freeman, 1961 +) + +and + +P. crassicaudatus +Sæther & Wang, 1995 + +. + + +Among the three, + +P. namibiae + +sp. nov. +is most like + +P. crassicaudatus + +, due to the general similarity of the hypopygium morphology, most evident in the relatively broad anal point, strong crista dorsalis and broad inferior volsella. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Species is only known from its +type +locality so far (Fig. +1 A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/88/9F/BF/889FBF244F8254E2B43500CECEE940CF.xml b/data/88/9F/BF/889FBF244F8254E2B43500CECEE940CF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9078b84d72 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/88/9F/BF/889FBF244F8254E2B43500CECEE940CF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Paracladopelma rhodesianus +(Kieffer, 1923) + + + + + +Fig. 10 G + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +; + +22 ° 34 ' 28.92 " S +, +17 ° 3 ' 15.84 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +; the species was otherwise recorded from +Botswana +, +South Africa +and +Zimbabwe +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/AA/5C/3A/AA5C3A79FE23500C94F5C472B009BFD2.xml b/data/AA/5C/3A/AA5C3A79FE23500C94F5C472B009BFD2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cca02effbb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/AA/5C/3A/AA5C3A79FE23500C94F5C472B009BFD2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Bryophaenocladius cristatus +Wang, Sæther & Andersen, 2002 + + + + + +Fig. 4 A – C + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + +(Fig. +1 B – D +). +No +specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project + +. + + + + + + +Orthocladiinae +A – C + +Bryophaenocladius cristatus + +D, E + +Cricotopus flavozonatus + +F + +Cricotopus scottae + +G + +Parametriocnemus scotti + +A, E +head, adult male +B, D, F, G +hypopygium +C +virga. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of this species from +Namibia +, and outside of the species’ +type +location in +Ghana +( +Wang et al. 2002 +; +Harrison 2004 +; +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/E5/E4/62/E5E462F3954E5EB7A83AEACAC7CA8F66.xml b/data/E5/E4/62/E5E462F3954E5EB7A83AEACAC7CA8F66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a88e628273 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/E5/E4/62/E5E462F3954E5EB7A83AEACAC7CA8F66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Dicrotendipes fusconotatus +(Kieffer, 1922) + + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +3 ♂ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +; +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kwifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 1; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 001-22 + + +. • + +1 ♂ +; +HARDAP +; + + +Naukluft +Mountain Zebra Park + + +, +Tufa +waterfalls; + +24 ° 15 ' 47.88 " S +; +16 ° 13 ' 44.76 " E + +; + +1 Dec. 2018 + +; +sweep net +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; + +NMNW + + +. + +No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +; otherwise it occurs in +Chad +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Egypt +, +Israel +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Uganda +, +South Africa +and +Zimbabwe +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/ED/04/DD/ED04DD8EEB705911B1B5CCAF8D2DB341.xml b/data/ED/04/DD/ED04DD8EEB705911B1B5CCAF8D2DB341.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5e9d444212 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/ED/04/DD/ED04DD8EEB705911B1B5CCAF8D2DB341.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Parachironomus acutus +(Goetghebuer, 1936) + + + + + +Fig. 10 F + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This is the first record of the species from +Namibia +, otherwise species is recorded from +Cameroon +, +Chad +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Madagascar +, +Nigeria +and +South Africa +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. This species is often treated as " unplaced ” within + +Chironomini ( +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +) + +, we are following +Ekrem et al. (2017) +in placing this species in + +Parachironomus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/EE/10/97/EE10978DA1235992AFB1749173863D67.xml b/data/EE/10/97/EE10978DA1235992AFB1749173863D67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b2ca699812 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/EE/10/97/EE10978DA1235992AFB1749173863D67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +A new Psammitis species (Araneae, Thomisidae) from an extinct volcano in Georgia with reevaluation of the generic position of Xysticus marmoratus Thorell, 1875 + + + +Author + +Seropian, Armen +0000-0003-3777-9954 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + + + +Author + +Mumladze, Levan +0000-0002-2172-6973 +Institute of Ecology, Ilia State University, Cholokashvili av. 3 / 5 Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia + +text + + +Caucasiana + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +3 + + +119 +126 + + + +journal article +10.3897/caucasiana.3.e120656 +21D13F14-2F8D-41BE-BD32-8C900D3C3628 + + + + + +Psammitis marmoratus +(Thorell, 1875) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + + +Xysticus marmoratus +Mcheidze, 1997: 163 + +, figs 305–306 ( +♂ +). + + + + + + + +Xysticus embriki +Hepner et al., 2011: 38 + +, figs 5–10 ( +♂ +♀ +). + + + + + + +Note. + + +For full nomenclatural references see +WSC (2023 +). + + + + +Comments. + + +This species is transferred to this genus due to the similarity of the male palp to the generotype, which possesses an anapophysate tegulum. As for the + +Psammitis +spp. + +females, there seem to be no defined characters allowing reliable separation from + +Xysticus +spp. + +The generic reevaluation is also supported by the phylogenetic tree generated within the preset study, which includes + +Xysticus marmoratus + +, a species not involved in a subset of the analyses performed by +Breitling (2019) +, who supported the recognition of + +Psammitis + +as an independent genus. Our results suggest a close relationship between + +X. marmoratus + +and + +Psammitis +spp. + +(Fig. +8 +); therefore, we propose a new combination, + +Psammitis marmoratus +(Thorell, 1875) + +, +comb. nov. +(= + +Xysticus marmoratus +Thorell, 1875 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F1/BC/CE/F1BCCE73A55A56C995E11DF350A877D5.xml b/data/F1/BC/CE/F1BCCE73A55A56C995E11DF350A877D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..42a9119d324 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F1/BC/CE/F1BCCE73A55A56C995E11DF350A877D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,266 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Cricotopus scottae +Freeman, 1956 + + + + + +Fig. 4 F + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +• +1 ♂ +14 ♀ +; +KHOMAS +; +Windhoek +, +Arebbusch river +, +Goreangab Reservoir +; + +22 ° 31 ' 44.4 " S +, +17 ° 0 ' 3.6 " E + +; + +3 Dec. 2018 + +; +X. Lin +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 7; + +BOLD + +sequence ID + +NAMOE 007-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ADM 9835 + + +• + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Düsternbrook +; + +22 ° 15 ' 11.52 " S +, +16 ° 54 ' 1.44 " E + +; + +4 Dec. 2018 + +; +G. M. Kvifte +leg.; +sweep net +; + +SHOU + + +• + +8 ♂ +1 ♀ +, +1 larva +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + +; + +BOLD + +specimen code: NAM-Chiro 13, NAM-Chiro 12; + +BOLD + +sequence ID: + +NAMOE 013-22 + +, + +NAMOE 012-22 + +; + +BOLD + +BIN: + +BOLD +: +ADM 9835 + +, + +BOLD +: +ACL 1477 + +; both, males and females, were barcoded (Fig. +6 F +) + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Species is present in +Namibia +( +Harrison 2004 +). Species is otherwise known from +Chad +, D. +R +. +Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +South Africa +, +Zimbabwe +( +Ashe and O’Connor 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/5A/05/F75A05B8AF19567193BB4F98921AB060.xml b/data/F7/5A/05/F75A05B8AF19567193BB4F98921AB060.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64d14b73d80 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/5A/05/F75A05B8AF19567193BB4F98921AB060.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Uncovering the hidden diversity of non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) from central Namibia, using morphology and DNA barcodes + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor +0000-0003-1893-3215 +Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC / Doñana Biological Station-CSIC, Seville, Spain + + + +Author + +Lin, Xiaolong +0000-0001-6544-6204 +Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China + + + +Author + +Hübner, Jeremy +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5624-8573 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Chimeno, Caroline +0000-0001-9933-6492 +Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (SNSB-ZSM), Munich, Germany + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2024 + +2024-04-29 + + +65 + + +1 + + +13 +36 + + + +journal article +10.3897/afrinvertebr.65.111920 +CD3A2816-4574-42F6-AF5D-442E232B4239 + + + + + +Polypedilum abyssiniae +Kieffer, 1918 + + + + + +Fig. 10 H + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Namibia +: • +1 ♂ +; +OTJOZONDJUPA +; +Von Bach Dam Nature Reserve +, +Swakop river +outflow; + +22 ° 0 ' 53.28 " S +, +16 ° 57 ' 12.24 " E + +; + +2–10 Dec. 2018 + +; +V +. +Baranov +leg.; +Malaise trap +; + +NMNW + + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +The species was previously recorded from +Namibia +( +Kunene +river) ( +Harrison 2004 +), otherwise it was recorded from +Chad +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Mali +, +South Africa +, +Sudan +and +Tanzania +( +Freeman 1956 +; +Freeman and Cranston 1980 +; +Curtis 1991 +; +Harrison 2004 +). No specimens of this species were successfully barcoded as a part of this project. + + + + \ No newline at end of file