diff --git a/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F04FF50FF1BFED3EABC.xml b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F00FF50FF1BFCEFE9B7.xml similarity index 52% rename from data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F04FF50FF1BFED3EABC.xml rename to data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F00FF50FF1BFCEFE9B7.xml index e95d62c381d..b31f0abaa5e 100644 --- a/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F04FF50FF1BFED3EABC.xml +++ b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B288F00FF50FF1BFCEFE9B7.xml @@ -1,63 +1,67 @@ - - - -Barbenigma Powell & Miller, a bizarre new genus and two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Ortheziidae) from the United States + + + +Barbenigma Powell & Miller, a bizarre new genus and two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Ortheziidae) from the United States - - -Author + + +Author -Powell, Erin C. -Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. +Powell, Erin C. +0000-0002-2483-1883 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. +Erin.Powell@fdacs.gov & erin.powell94@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Miller, Douglass R. -0000-0003-4909-8654 -Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. & Retired Research Entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Rm. 328, Bldg. 003, Beltsville, MD 20705, U. S. A. -rtchok@gmail.com +Miller, Douglass R. +0000-0003-4909-8654 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. & Retired Research Entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Rm. 328, Bldg. 003, Beltsville, MD 20705, U. S. A. +rtchok@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Keller, Oliver -Michigan Pathogen Biorepository, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, U. S. A. +Keller, Oliver +0000-0001-5067-3316 +Michigan Pathogen Biorepository, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, U. S. A. +okeller@umich.edu & okeller1977@gmail.com -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-10-25 + +2024 + +2024-10-25 - -5529 + +5529 - -2 + +2 - -293 -317 + +293 +317 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 -1175-5326 -14022493 -0EBB38A4-0B20-419B-8DB2-AD43963D6B18 +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 +1175-5326 +14022493 +0EBB38A4-0B20-419B-8DB2-AD43963D6B18 - + @@ -77,144 +81,219 @@ Powell & Miller Material examined + Holotype : -adult +adult ♀ , mounted singly. FLORIDA -: Alachua Co., Gainesville, +: +Alachua Co. +, +Gainesville +, -23 -III -1999 +23 III 1999 -, on +, + +on Rumex hastatulus ( Polygonaceae -), coll. -R -. Esser, E99-879, -FSCA -_00073114 ( -FSCA +) + +, coll. R. Esser, E99-879, FSCA_00073114 ( +FSCA ). + + Paratypes : FLORIDA -: Alachua Co., Gainesville, Paynes Prairie Preserve, +: +Alachua Co. +, +Gainesville +, +Paynes Prairie Preserve +, -23 -III -1999 +23 III 1999 -, on +, + +on Rumex hastatulus + , coll. -R -. Esser and C. Zamora, E99-879 ( +R. Esser +and +C. Zamora +, E99-879 ( 1 ad. ♀ -and 1 first-instar? nymph ( -FSCA -_00073115) on 2 slides) ( -FSCA -); Brevard, Co., Merritt Island, -4 VII 1988 +and 1 first-instar? nymph (FSCA_00073115) on 2 slides) ( +FSCA +); + + +Brevard +, Co., +Merritt Island +, + +4 VII 1988 + , on + Stenotaphrum secundatum ( Poaceae -), coll. S. Walker ( -5 ad. ♀♀ +) + +, coll. +S. Walker ( -FSCA -_00073116– -FSCA -_00073120), 1 second-instar? nymph ( -FSCA +5 ad. ♀♀ +(FSCA_00073116– +FSCA +_00073120), + + +1 second-instar? nymph +( +FSCA _00073121) on 6 slides) ( -FSCA +FSCA , -USNM -); Palm Beach Co., West Palm Beach, -15 XI 1965 -, on +USNM +); + + +Palm Beach Co. +, +West Palm Beach +, + +15 XI 1965 + +, + +on Stenotaphrum secundatum + , coll. -R -.S. Mullin, N. Bezona, 124942 ( +R.S. Mullin +, +N. Bezona +, 124942 ( 2 ad. ♀ -( -FSCA -_00073122– -FSCA -_00073123 on 2 slides) ( -FSCA -). +(FSCA_00073122–FSCA_00073123 on 2 slides) ( +FSCA +) + +. Other material examined: + FLORIDA -: Broward Co., Lighthouse Point, +: +Broward Co. +, +Lighthouse Point +, -17 -VI -1974 +17 VI 1974 , on -Stenotaphrum secundatum + +Stenotaphrum secundatum + -, coll. F. Donaldson (1 second-instar? nymph ( -FSCA -_00073124) and 1 third-instar? nymph ( -FSCA -_ 00073125) on 2 slides) ( -FSCA -); Orange Co., Maitland, -5 XI 1969 -, in soil (lawn), coll. H.M. VanPelt, DPI# 125664 (3 second-instar? nymphs ( -FSCA -_00073126– -FSCA -_00073128) on 3 slides) ( -FSCA -); Marion Co., Belleview, -15 IX 1966 -, in soil, coll. H. Myers (1 second-instar? nymph ( -FSCA -_00073129) on 1 slide) ( -FSCA -); Miami-Dade Co., Miami, -14 X 1971 +, coll. +F. Donaldson +(1 second-instar? nymph ( +FSCA +_00073124) and + + +1 third-instar +? nymph (FSCA_ 00073125) on 2 slides) ( +FSCA +); + + +Orange Co. +, +Maitland +, + +5 XI 1969 + +, +in soil +(lawn), coll. +H.M. VanPelt +, DPI# 125664 (3 second-instar? nymphs (FSCA_00073126–FSCA_00073128) on 3 slides) ( +FSCA +); + + +Marion Co. +, +Belleview +, + +15 IX 1966 + +, +in soil +, coll. +H. Myers +(1 second-instar? nymph (FSCA_00073129) on 1 slide) ( +FSCA +); + + +Miami-Dade Co. +, +Miami +, + +14 X 1971 + , on + Cocos nucifera ( Arecaceae -), coll. -R -. Brown, B-7925 (1 second-instar? nymph ( -FSCA +) + +, coll. R. Brown, B-7925 (1 second-instar? nymph +(FSCA _ 00073130) on 1 slide) ( -FSCA +FSCA ). + @@ -235,7 +314,7 @@ is an abbreviation of the English word “bizarre” and is to be treated as a n ) - + Description: Slide-mounted @@ -319,7 +398,6 @@ with structure near each antenna with unequal sides, without base, longest side Venter - with two pairs of thoracic spiracles ( Figs 1d , @@ -410,10 +488,9 @@ subequal in length, total length about 78 µm ( paratypes 0.5–0.6), claw 19 µm long ( paratypes -14–23 µm). Leg setae sparse, straight, spiniform dorsally and setiform ventrally, enlarged spines between tibia and tarsus absent. Sensory pore between tibia and tarsus present, sensory seta between tibia and tarsus absent. Tarsal digitules absent. Claw digitules each spine-like with acute apex, shorter than claw, claw denticle absent - -. +14–23 µm). Leg setae sparse, straight, spiniform dorsally and setiform ventrally, enlarged spines between tibia and tarsus absent. Sensory pore between tibia and tarsus present, sensory seta between tibia and tarsus absent. Tarsal digitules absent. Claw digitules each spine-like with acute apex, shorter than claw, claw denticle absent. + FIGURE 1. @@ -627,6 +704,7 @@ Powell & Miller =tubular ducts. + Notes: @@ -659,5 +737,268 @@ We illustrated two forms of adult female. The change in body shape between young The simple pores on the thorax and abdomen may not be homologous to the ones on the head, and we call these simple pores rather than setae. The ones on the head have a lot of depth, easily visible when the structures are viewed from the side. However, those on the thorax and abdomen (both ventral and dorsal) did not have such obvious depth. + + + +Third-instar? nymph + + + +( +Fig. 5 +) + + +Description: +Slide-mounted specimen +0.76 mm +long, +0.28 mm +wide, body elongate oval (n=1). + + +Dorsum +with robust fimbriate setae ( +Fig. 5j, n +), often with up to five tines, sparse, in segmental rows on abdomen, thorax, and head, arranged in two pairs of longitudinal lines (submedial and lateral) on abdomen, longest seta on submedial area of abdomen 20 µm long, longest seta on margin 23 µm long, longest seta on head 17 µm long. Dorsal spines without setal base ( + +Fig. +5m + +), with enlarged base, swollen, rounded apices, in segmental rows on abdomen, thorax, and head, arranged in two pairs of longitudinal lines near fimbriate setae, longest spine on submedial area of abdomen 24 µm long, longest spine on thorax and head 24 µm long. Small tubular ducts ( +Fig. 5l +) most abundant on abdomen, rare on thorax, present submedially and mediolaterally on abdomen. Multilocular pores absent. Discoidal pores absent. Pair of dome- or acorn-shaped setae ( +Fig. 5a +), 4 µm in height, 4 µm width. Anal lobes indistinct, each side of lobe area bearing two enlarged fimbriate setae, 27 µm long, and spine 27 µm long on each side of anal ring. Microtrichia ( +Fig. 5k +) uncommon, in small patches on thorax and abdomen. Entire derm alveolar with polygonal and elongate cell-like reticulations ( +Fig. 5c, f, k +). + + +Anal ring +( +Fig. 5i +) wrapping around margin, invaginated in pocket, forming setal basket, with conical projections mostly obscured, with tubular structure on each side of ring, bearing six short spine-like anal-ring setae with rounded apices, about equal in size, each about 10 µm long, 0.3 times as long as greatest diameter of anal ring. + + +Venter +with two pairs of thoracic spiracles ( +Fig. 5c +), spiracular openings each slightly projecting above derm, each atrium with ring of 4–6 pores, without loculi, in single row around spiracle, spiracular opening 10 µm in diameter. Abdomen with three pairs of spiracles ( +Fig. 5e +) on anterior segments, each volcano shaped, difficult to distinguish from cell-like reticulations, with unobvious tracheae. Robust fimbriate setae, in segmental rows on abdomen, in two pairs of longitudinal lines on abdomen (submedial and lateral), present marginally on thorax and head, longest seta on abdomen 34 µm long, longest seta on thorax 16 µm long, shorter slightly enlarged setae in cluster on segment VIII, 8 µm long, slightly longer enlarged setae near base of each antenna. Spines with enlarged base, swollen, rounded apices, submarginal on abdomen, thorax, and head, longest spine on head 25 µm long ( +Fig. 5f +). Eye absent. Labium two-segmented, small, about as wide as long, round, only one seta arising from all basal sockets. Vulva absent. Multilocular pores absent. Modified quadrilocular ducts absent. Dome- or acorn-shaped setae with raised rounded blunt apex scattered on head, same size as those on dorsum. Small tubular ducts uncommon, arranged in longitudinal line mediolaterally on each side of head, thorax, and anterior abdominal segments. Anal lobes indistinct, each anal lobe area bearing two enlarged fimbriate setae, 28 µm long, one spine (apex obscured by wax) on each side. Entire derm alveolar with polygonal cell-like reticulations. Antennae each three-segmented, segments short, total length 59 µm long, segment I 19 µm long, segment II 16 µm long, apical segment 27 µm long. Apical segment with long fleshy apical seta, straight with rounded blunt tip, 35 µm long, short fleshy subapical seta, curved with rounded blunt tip, 18 µm long, third fleshy seta at apex, 28 µm long, two microsetae adjacent to apical setae, each clubbed apically, unspecialized setae spine-like. Segment I with small, hair-like seta near base. Pseudobasal antennal segment absent. Legs ( +Fig. 5b +) reduced in size, all about equal, trochanter and femur fused, with two campaniform sensilla on each surface, tibia and tarsus not fused, tarsus one-segmented, coxa 54 µm long, trochanter + femur 48 µm long, tibia 18 µm long, tarsus 29 µm long, tibia/tarsus 0.6, claw 18 µm long. Leg setae sparse, straight, spiniform dorsally and ventrally, enlarged spines between tibia and tarsus absent. Sensory pore between tibia and tarsus present, sensory setae between tibia and tarsus absent. Tarsal digitules absent. Claw digitules each spine-like with acute apex, shorter than claw, claw denticle absent. + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Barbenigma biza +Powell & Miller + +, + +sp. nov. + +, third instar?, Florida: Broward: Lighthouse Point, 17 VI 1974, F. Donaldson, + +Stenotaphrum secundatum +, FSCA + +_00073125. +a +=acorn-shaped seta; +b +=prothoracic leg; +c +=alveolar derm surrounding the anterior thoracic spiracle; +d +=tubular duct; +e +=second abdominal spiracle; +f +=alveolar derm with spine and fimbriate seta; +g +=alveolar derm with fimbriate and hair-like setae; +h +=edge of anal ring; +i +=anal ring; +j +=fimbriate seta; +k +=alveolar derm with setae and patches of microtrichia; +l +=tubular duct; +m +=spine; +n +=fimbriate seta; +o +=acorn-shaped seta. + + + +Notes: +This specimen was collected with a second-instar nymph (described below) but no adult females. We include it in material examined but not as a +paratype +for this reason. + + + +Second-instar? nymph + + + +( +Figs. 4D +, +6 +) + + +Description: +Slide-mounted specimen +0.42–0.53 mm +long, +0.22–0.35 mm +wide, body rotund oval (n=7). + + +Dorsum +with hair-like setae ( +Fig. 6k +), sparse, in three pairs of longitudinal lines (submedial, mediolateral, submarginal), in segmental rows on abdomen, scattered on thorax and head, longest seta on submedial area of abdomen 6–10 µm long, longest seta on thorax or head 5–9 µm long. Spines absent. Multilocular pores absent. Tubular duct in center of circular area present on head ( +Fig. 6b +). Dome-shaped setae, on submedial apex of head, set on raised area, 4–5 µm in height, 4 µm wide, sparse ( +Fig. 5l +). Simple pores ( +Fig. 6e, j +) scattered on thorax and abdomen, sparse. Anal lobes indistinct, each with single apical seta. Microtrichia absent. Entire derm coriaceous. + + +Anal ring +( + +Fig. +6g +, h + +) usually ventral, sometimes wrapping around margin, invaginated in pocket, forming setal basket, with 6 or 8 pores anterior to anal opening, bearing six short spine-like anal-ring setae each with acute to slightly rounded apex, about equal in size, each about 10 µm long, most specimens with setae coming straight up on slide, difficult to measure, about 0.7 times as long as greatest diameter of anal ring, 15–23 µm in diameter, derm with heavier sclerotization around anal ring. + + +Venter +with two pairs of thoracic spiracles ( +Fig. 6c +), spiracular openings projecting above derm, atrium with ring of 4–5 pores, without loculi, in single row, spiracular opening 7–9 µm in diameter.Abdominal spiracles unobvious or absent. Hair-like setae sparse, in two pairs of longitudinal lines (marginal and submedial), longest seta on submedial area of abdomen 4–9 µm long, longest seta on thorax or head 6–9 µm long. Eyes absent. Labium two-segmented, small, about as wide as long, round, 25–31 µm long, 30–34 µm wide, only one seta arising from basal sockets. Vulva absent. Multilocular pores absent. Modified quadrilocular ducts absent. Tubular ducts, each in center of circular area, present on each side of head, sometimes also present between antennal bases, smaller ducts present near base of each leg. Dome- or acorn- shaped setae; 4–5 µm in height, 4 µm wide, sparse. Simple pores sparsely scattered on head, anterior to each coxa, and laterally on anterior abdominal segments, same size as those on dorsum. Cluster of 6 short hair-like setae anterior to anal ring, 3–4 µm long, two elongate hair-like setae on each side of anal ring, 23–27 µm long. Anal lobes indistinct, each lobe area with two hair-like setae, 9–11 µm long, single dome- or acorn-shaped seta set on raised base on margin ( + +Fig. +6g +, h + +). Antennae coriaceous, each three-segmented, segments short, total length 27–49 µm long, segment I 8–16 µm long, segment II 9–12 µm long, apical segment 17–22 µm long. Apical segment with long fleshy apical seta, straight with rounded blunt tip, 31 µm long, short fleshy subapical seta, curved with a rounded blunt tip, 9–15 µm long, unspecialized setae hair-like. Pseudobasal antennal segment absent. + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Barbenigma biza +Powell & Miller + +, + +sp. nov. + +, second instar?, Florida: Orange Co.: Maitland, 5 XI 1969, H.M. VanPelt, in soil (lawn), FSCA_00073127. The anal ring enlargement utilized a second specimen with the following data: Florida: Marion Co.: Belleview, 15 IX 1966, H. Myers, in soil, DPI #125664, FSCA_00073129. +a +=acorn-shaped seta; +b +=tubular duct set in circular area; +c +=posterior thoracic spiracle; +d +=tubular duct; +e +=simple pore; +f +=hair-like seta; +g +=anal ring viewed from venter; +h +=looking straight down at anal ring; +i +=tubular duct; +j +=simple pore; +k +=hair-like seta; +l +=dome-shaped seta. + + +Legs coriaceous, reduced in size, all about equal, trochanter and femur fused, with two campaniform sensilla on each surface, tibia and tarsus not fused, tarsus one-segmented, area anterior to each coxa with more sclerotization, coxa 32–39 µm long, trochanter + femur 28–35 µm long, tibia 6–14 µm long, tarsus 9–18 µm long, tibia/tarsus 0.7–0.9, claw 11–15 µm long. Leg setae sparse, straight, spiniform dorsally and setiform ventrally, enlarged spines between tibia and tarsus absent. Sensory pore between tibia and tarsus present, sensory setae between tibia and tarsus absent. Tarsal digitules absent. Claw digitules each spine-like with acute apex, shorter than claw, claw denticle absent. + +Notes: +Only one of the six nymphs examined was collected in association with an adult female to verify the identification. However, we could find no differences between the specimens and utilized all of them in the description. + + + +First-instar? nymph + + + +( +Fig. 7 +) + + +Description: +Slide-mounted specimen +0.34 mm +long, +0.14 mm +wide, body rotund oval (n=1). + + +Dorsum +with hair-like setae ( +Fig. 7h +) sparse, arranged in rows, with two pairs of longitudinal lines (submedial and submarginal) on abdomen, thorax, and head, about 9 µm long. Spines and fimbriate setae absent. Small tubular ducts ( +Fig. 7j +) uncommon, restricted to abdomen. Tubular ducts ( +Fig. 7b +) in center of circular area on each side of head, present on alveolar nodules. Multilocular pores absent. Simple pores scattered on abdomen, each with slightly raised center ( +Fig. 7e, g +). Pair of acorn- or dome-shaped seta ( +Fig. 7a, k +) on submedial apex of head, 4 µm in height, 4 µm in width. Simple pores sparsely scattered on thorax and abdomen. Anal lobes indistinct, each lobe area bearing two hair-like setae, 25 µm long, one acorn-shaped seta on posterior margin ( +Fig. 7f +). Microtrichia absent. Entire derm alveolar with polygonal and elongate cell-like reticulations ( +Fig. 7b, c, f, i +). + + +Anal ring +( +Fig. 7f +) ventral, near abdominal apex, invaginated in pocket, forming setal basket, with 6 pore-like structures at anterior apex of ring, bearing six short, spine-like, anal-ring setae each with slightly rounded apex, about equal in size, 8 µm long, 0.4 times as long as greatest diameter of anal ring. + + +Venter +with two pairs of thoracic spiracles ( +Fig. 7c +), spiracular openings slightly projecting above derm, atrium with ring of 4–5 pores, these without loculi, in single row, spiracular opening 8 µm in diameter.Abdominal spiracles unobvious or absent. Hair-like setae in two pairs of longitudinal lines (submedial and lateral) on each side of body, present on each abdominal segment, 8 µm long. Spines and fimbriate setae absent. Eye absent. Labium not clearly visible. Vulva absent. Multilocular pores absent. Modified quadrilocular ducts absent. Simple pores present near each pair of legs, with associated small tubular duct, also present in submarginal line on each side of some anterior abdominal segments, these about the same size as those on dorsum. Small tubular ducts uncommon, arranged in longitudinal line mediolaterally on each side of head, thorax, and anterior abdominal segments.Anal lobes indistinct, each lobe area bearing enlarged hair-like seta on margin, about 6 µm long, two hair-like ventral setae level with anal ring, each about 25 µm long. Acorn-shaped seta submedially, between antennal bases, 3 µm in height, 3 µm width. Entire derm alveolar with polygonal cell-like reticulations. Cluster of 4 short hair-like setae anterior to anal ring, 3–4 µm long, two elongate hair-like setae on each side of anal ring, 23–27 µm long, acorn-shaped seta on each side of anal ring at posterior apex. Antennae each three-segmented, segments short, total length 39 µm.Apical segment with long fleshy apical seta, straight with rounded blunt tip, 29 µm long, short fleshy subapical seta, curved with rounded blunt tip, 14 µm long, third fleshy seta at apex, 19 µm long, unspecialized setae long and hair-like. Pseudobasal antennal segment absent. Legs reduced in size, all about equal. Trochanter and femur fused, with two campaniform sensilla on each surface. Tibia and tarsus not fused, tarsus one-segmented. Coxa 37 µm long, trochanter + femur 31 µm long, tibia 10 µm long, tarsus 16 µm long, tibia/tarsus 0.6, claw 12 µm long. Leg setae sparse, straight, spiniform dorsally and ventrally, enlarged spines between tibia and tarsus absent. Sensory pore between tibia and tarsus present, sensory setae between tibia and tarsus absent. Tarsal digitules absent. Claw digitules each spine-like with acute apex, shorter than claw, claw denticle absent. + + +Notes: +The illustration and description are based on a single specimen that was mounted laterally and not completely cleared, making it difficult to determine the exact location of some structures. This specimen was collected in association with the +holotype +adult female. + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0AFF50FBF0FD32E9FA.xml b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0AFF50FBF0FD32E9FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..135412860c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0AFF50FBF0FD32E9FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,357 @@ + + + +Barbenigma Powell & Miller, a bizarre new genus and two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Ortheziidae) from the United States + + + +Author + +Powell, Erin C. +0000-0002-2483-1883 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. +Erin.Powell@fdacs.gov & erin.powell94@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Miller, Douglass R. +0000-0003-4909-8654 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. & Retired Research Entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Rm. 328, Bldg. 003, Beltsville, MD 20705, U. S. A. +rtchok@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Keller, Oliver +0000-0001-5067-3316 +Michigan Pathogen Biorepository, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, U. S. A. +okeller@umich.edu & okeller1977@gmail.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-10-25 + + +5529 + + +2 + + +293 +317 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 +1175-5326 +14022493 +0EBB38A4-0B20-419B-8DB2-AD43963D6B18 + + + + + + +Genus + +Barbenigma +Powell & Miller + +, +gen. nov. + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Barbenigma biza +Powell & Miller + + +sp. nov. + +by current designation. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Adult female with a combination of the following characters: antennae each three-segmented, apical and subapical setae differentiated. Legs reduced in size, tibia and tarsus not fused, trochanter with two campaniform sensilla on each surface, trochanter and femur fused. Ovisac band modified. Wax plates, multilocular pores, and eyes absent. With three pairs of abdominal spiracles, atria of both thoracic and abdominal spiracles each with ring of raised pores. Abdomen with eight quadrilocular duct and spine clusters. Setae on dorsum and margin robust and fimbriate, spines on dorsum and margin each with swollen rounded apices, setae and spines reduced in number. + + +Notes: + +Barbenigma +species + +are similar to the four species previously placed in the +Carayoneminae +in having: trochanters each with two campaniform sensilla on each surface, trochanter and femur fused, tibia and tarsus separate; dorsal setae ornate fimbriate; labium small and rotund; antennae each three-segmented, each with enlarged apical and subapical setae; and eyes absent. + +Barbenigma +species + +have (shared contrasting character states in species of + +Baloghicoccus +Kozár + +, + +Carayonema +Richard + +, + +Foldicoccus +Kozár + +, and + +Mahunkacoccus +Kozár + +are given in parentheses): compound duct clusters of quadrilocular pores (quadrilocular duct clusters absent); without bilocular pores (with bilocular pores); with spines (without spines); ventral thoracic spiracles, each with pores in atrium (dorsal thoracic spiracles, each without pores in atrium); with tubular ducts (without tubular ducts); and with dome-shaped or acorn-shaped setae (with flagellate setae). + + +The species of + +Barbenigma + +do not fit in any of the currently known subfamilies of +Ortheziidae +. + + + +Barbenigma +species + +are similar to the Australian ortheziid ant inquiline + +A +. +williamsi + +in having: eyes absent; a reduced or absent ovisac band; no wax plates; a reduced number of antennal segments; and two campaniform sensilla on each surface of the trochanter. However, + +Barbenigma +species + +have ( + +A +. +williamsi + +character states in parentheses): three-segmented antennae (two-segmented); atria of thoracic and abdominal spiracles each with ring of pores (spiracular atria without pores); ventral clusters of quadrilocular pores and spines on abdomen (ventral quadrilocular pores present singly); few dorsal spines scattered over body (densely covered in spines); ventral spines absent except marginally and in pore clusters (entire venter densely covered in spines); and anal ring well developed with pores, situated at apex of abdomen (anal ring without pores, situated at center of body). + + +The ortheziid subfamily +Newsteadiinae +, which includes only the genus + +Newsteadia +Green 1902 + +(62 species), is defined by ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states presented in parentheses): first antennal segment conspicuously larger than other antennal segments (antennal segments about equal); dorsal wax lobes present (dorsal wax lobes absent); tubular ducts on dorsum between wax spines (tubular ducts present on dorsum but wax spines sparse); and venter without a band of spines inside ovisac band (ovisac band heavily modified). + +Barbenigma +species + +resemble + +Newsteadia + +in having: tubular ducts with four loculi, these probably modified quadrilocular pores; tarsus longer than tibia; and tubular ducts on dorsum. Some species of + +Newsteadia + +also have three-segmented antennae. However, the new genus differs in having ( + +Newsteadia + +characters given in parentheses): thick differentiated apical seta on apical antennal segment (hair-like apical seta on apical antennal segment); apical segment of antenna about equal to other segments (apical segment conspicuously larger than other segments); and tibia and tarsus separate (tibia and tarsus fused or only partly separated by fine suture). + + + +Barbenigma +species + +and members of the subfamily +Ortheziinae +are similar in having tibia and tarsus separate but differ in having ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states in parentheses): distinctive short, stout apical setae on terminal antennal segment (apical setae long, exceeding length of apical segment); and presence of two enlarged spines on tibia (enlarged spines on tibia absent). + +Barbenigma +species + +bear some similarity to certain species of the ortheziine tribe +Arctortheziini +, which includes only the genus + +Arctorthezia +Cockerell, 1902 + +, in having a series of circular clusters of pores on margin and spiracles with associated pores. However, + +Barbenigma +species + +have eight ventral duct clusters, containing modified quadrilocular pores and spines, on margin and median area of abdomen, whereas + +Arctorthezia +species + +with pore plates (e.g., + +Arctorthezia pseudoccidentalis +Morrison, 1925 + +and + +A +. +vardziae +Hadzibejli, 1963 + +) have between 16–18 dorsal pore plates, each consisting of simple pores without loculi around body margin, sometimes extending up to thorax and head. + +Arctorthezia + +is a more typical ortheziid with ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states are presented in parentheses): 7–8 antennal segments (antennae three-segmented); large eyes (eyes absent); body densely covered in spines (spines sparse); and with an ovisac band (ovisac band absent). The tribe +Ortheziini +is defined by having ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states are in parentheses): tibia and tarsus bearing hair-like setae dorsally and spine-like setae ventrally (bearing spine-like setae dorsally and hair-like setae ventrally); and thoracic spiracles without pores (with a ring of pores). + + + +Barbenigma +species + +are similar to members of the ortheziid tribe +Mixortheziini +in having a reduced number of antennal segments and short anal-ring setae. However, the +Mixortheziini +have an ovisac band, typical elongate legs, and the eye present. Some + +Mixorthezia +Morrison, 1925 +species + +have large bare areas on the dorsum similar to + +Barbenigma +species + +but this feature is seemingly not restricted to any one subfamily (e.g., + +Orthezia nuda + +Ferris +1919 + + +in +Ortheziinae +). + + + +Barbenigma +species + +and the ortheziid tribe +Nipponortheziini +are similar in having reduced antennal segments (usually three) but differ in having ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states in parentheses): long antennal segments (short antennal segments); eyes present (eyes absent); large, elongate labium (short, rotund labium); and wax plates present (wax plates absent). + + + +Barbenigma +species + +are seemingly unrelated to the subfamily +Ortheziolinae +, which is defined by ( + +Barbenigma +species + +character states are presented in parentheses): a well-developed pseudobasal segment at the base of the antennae (no pseudobasal segment); three setae inserted in one basal socket on the labium (all setal sockets with only one seta); sclerotized plate anterior to anal ring (sclerotized plate absent), and claw digitule setiform (claw digitule spiniform). The +Ortheziolinae +also are defined by having ‘thumb-like pores’ on each side of the anal ring but it is unclear whether the dome- and acorn-shaped setae concentrated in a cluster on the head of + +Barbenigma + +could be homologous. + + + + +Etymology: +The genus name + +Barbenigma + +is from the abbreviated name “ + +Barb + +” (from Barbara) and the suffix “ +enigma +”. The name serves as a dedication to Barbara Denno. She has contributed immensely to the coccidology community through her tireless dedication to ScaleNet and has supported DRM in his extensive collecting trips, including the trip on which the +holotype +of + +B. boscus + +was collected. Moreover, the given name Barbara is derived from the Greek “ +barbaros +”, meaning “stranger” or “foreign”. This comparison is fitting for a scale insect for which the family placement has been puzzling. The ending “ +enigma +” is Greek for a riddle, or something or someone that is a puzzle or a mystery. The name is a neuter noun. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0DFF50FCB1FC65EA0D.xml b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0DFF50FCB1FC65EA0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f0e9873cb90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B2E8F0DFF50FCB1FC65EA0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Barbenigma Powell & Miller, a bizarre new genus and two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Ortheziidae) from the United States + + + +Author + +Powell, Erin C. +0000-0002-2483-1883 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. +Erin.Powell@fdacs.gov & erin.powell94@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Miller, Douglass R. +0000-0003-4909-8654 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. & Retired Research Entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Rm. 328, Bldg. 003, Beltsville, MD 20705, U. S. A. +rtchok@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Keller, Oliver +0000-0001-5067-3316 +Michigan Pathogen Biorepository, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, U. S. A. +okeller@umich.edu & okeller1977@gmail.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-10-25 + + +5529 + + +2 + + +293 +317 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 +1175-5326 +14022493 +0EBB38A4-0B20-419B-8DB2-AD43963D6B18 + + + + + + +Tribe +Barbenigmini Powell & Miller +, +tribe nov. + + + + + + +Type +genus: + +Barbenigma +Powell & Miller + + +gen. nov. + +by current designation. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Adult female with a combination of the following characters: with ventral thoracic spiracles protruding, each with pores in atrium; with spines; compound duct clusters of quadrilocular ducts; with tubular ducts; with conical setae with central raised area, these dome- or acorn-shaped. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B3E8F1DFF50FE72FA72ED98.xml b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B3E8F1DFF50FE72FA72ED98.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1979db72275 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/68/87/036887BC8B3E8F1DFF50FE72FA72ED98.xml @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ + + + +Barbenigma Powell & Miller, a bizarre new genus and two new species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Ortheziidae) from the United States + + + +Author + +Powell, Erin C. +0000-0002-2483-1883 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. +Erin.Powell@fdacs.gov & erin.powell94@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Miller, Douglass R. +0000-0003-4909-8654 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34 th St., Gainesville, FL 32608, U. S. A. & Retired Research Entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Rm. 328, Bldg. 003, Beltsville, MD 20705, U. S. A. +rtchok@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Keller, Oliver +0000-0001-5067-3316 +Michigan Pathogen Biorepository, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, U. S. A. +okeller@umich.edu & okeller1977@gmail.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-10-25 + + +5529 + + +2 + + +293 +317 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5529.2.4 +1175-5326 +14022493 +0EBB38A4-0B20-419B-8DB2-AD43963D6B18 + + + + + + +Key to species of +Carayoneminae +, based on slide-mounted adult females (revised from +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty 2000 +) + + + + + + + + +1(0) Quadrilocular tubular duct clusters present; bilocular pores absent; thoracic spiracles ventral............ ( +Barbenigmini +) 2 + + + + +– Quadrilocular tubular duct clusters absent; bilocular pores present; thoracic spiracles dorsal............ ( +Carayonemini +) 3 + + + + + + +2(1) Ventral setae with acute apices; dorsal spines typically occurring in pairs on submargin of each side of each abdominal segment.......................................................... + +Barbenigma biza +Powell & Miller + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + +– +Ventral setae with capitate apices; dorsal spines typically occurring singly on submargin of each side of each abdominal segment........................................................ + +Barbenigma boscus +Powell & Miller + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +3(1) Second segment of antenna heavily sclerotized................................ + +Carayonema orousseti +Richard, 1986 + + + + +– Second segment of antenna not sclerotized................................................................. 4 + + + + + +4(3) Tibia and tarsus fused.............................. + +Mahunkacoccus mexicoensis +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, 2000 + + + + +– Tibia and tarsus not fused.............................................................................. 5 + + + + + +5(4) Umbelliform setae present................................. + +Foldicoccus monikae +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, 2000 + + + + + +– Umbelliform setae absent.......................... + +Baloghicoccus costaricaensis +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, 2000 + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D208FD12CAB0FAE7B76A.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D208FD12CAB0FAE7B76A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30c851852a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D208FD12CAB0FAE7B76A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,344 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + + +Tiramnia davidi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +0C805CE0-5009-4C43-BF07-087B0BBEB785 + + + +Fig. 3 + + + + + + +Martinia +( +Pseudomartinia +) sp. A. + +– + +Aisenverg 1950: 137 + +, pl. 2 figs 9–10. + + + + + +Martinia +( +Pseudomartinia +) sp. + +– + +Aisenverg 1951: 43 + +, pl. 11 fig. 2. + + + + + +Martinia balkhashica + +– + +Poletaev 2008: 28 + +, pl. 1 figs 1–5. + + + + + +Tiramnia +sp. + +– + +Poletaev 2018: 23 + +, pl. 13 figs 6–10. + + + + +non + +Martinia balkhashica + +– + +Beznosova 1968: 191 + +, pl. 29 fig. 15. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Medium-sized shell with angular edges of trough-shaped anterior part of sulcus of the ventral valve and a shallow furrow along axis of fold distinctly limited in the anterior part of the dorsal valve. + + + + +Etymology + + +Named in honor of David E. Aisenverg, who first distinguished this species. + + + + +Material examined + + + + + +Holotype + +( +Fig. 3A +) +UKRAINE +• +Donetsk Region +, +Khartsis’k District +, +Vovcha River +, +Illinka village +; late +Bashkirian Smolyanynivka Formation +, + +Н +4 +limestone layer + +; + +Aisenverg +1951 + +Coll.; +NMNH 1433/85 +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +( +Fig. 3B–E +) +UKRAINE +• +12 specs +; +Luhansk Region +, +Bila River +, +Gorodyshche village +; late +Bashkirian, Smolyanynivka Formation +; stratigraphic interval between the H +3 +limestone layer to the H +6 +limestone layer; + +Poletaev +2018 + +Coll.; +NMNH 2446/102 to 2446/113 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Medium-sized shell ( +24 mm +wide, +23 mm +long and +17 mm +thick in the +holotype +), rounded pentagonal in outline and rather strongly and uniformly biconvex in lateral profile; hinge line shorter than the largest width at mid shell. Umbonal part of ventral valve broad, well-developed, with steep lateral slopes. Cardinal extremities rounded. Beak is well developed, inclined, projecting above hinge line. Ventral interarea short, narrow, triangle, smooth. Sulcus distinctly developed, rather wide, shallow with weak axial groove and trough-like tongue; uniplicate anterior margin with distinctly angular margins of tongue at junction with lateral slopes. Dorsal valve somewhat less convex than ventral one. Dorsal umbo small, well expressed. Fold broad, indistinct in posterior part, but distinctly developted in the anterior part, where its slopes fall steeply. Fold also bears a slight median furrow. Shell surface mostly smooth, weak lines of growth are visible, and rare traces of short weak radial ribs near the anterior commissure. Microsculpture not observed on the specimens. Internal structure of the ventral valve with subrhombic deepened muscular imprints in the umbonal region, as well as traces of single axial and several ramiform lateral imprints of the vascular system (see +Fig. 3E +). + + + + +Fig. 3. + +Tiramnia davidi + +sp. nov. +from the Donets Basin (Ukraine). Pennsylvanian, Bashkirian. +A +. Holotype NMNH 1433/85 ( +Аisenverg 1951 +Coll.) Donetsk Region, Illinka village; ventral, dorsal, lateral and anterior views (copy from +Аisenverg 1951 +: pl. 11 fig. 2). +B–C +. Paratypes NMNH 2446/102, NMNH 2446/103 ( +Poletaev 2018 +Coll.) Luhansk Region, Bila River, Gorodyshche village; ventral views (copy from +Poletaev 2018 +: pl. 13 figs 8–9). +D +. Paratype NMNH 2446/104 ( +Poletaev 2018 +Coll.) same locality; dorsal view (copy from +Poletaev 2018 +: pl. 13 fig. 7). +E +. Paratype NMNH 2446/105 ( +Poletaev 2018 +Coll.) same locality; internal view of the ventral valve (copy from +Poletaev 2018 +: pl. 13 fig. 10). Scale bar units = 1 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The new species differs from other known species of + +Tiramnia + +in having a more pronounced sulcus with a trough-like profile of the tongue and a distinct fold with a median groove. Based on morphological similarity and close geological age, the specimens under study were previously assigned to the Bashkirian + +Martinia balkhashica +Beznosova, 1968 + +from eastern +Kazakhstan +( +Poletaev 2008 +). However, the +holotype +of + +M. balkhashica + +has an interior with twin vascula media ( +Beznosova 1968 +: pl. 29 fig. 16), which clearly shows that the Kazakh species belongs to + +Jilinmartinia + +. Other representatives of + +Tiramnia + +, similar to + +T. semiglobosa + +, differ from the new species by the rounded contours of the shells, sometimes drop-shaped, with an elongated ventral apex, a weak, poorly defined sulcus, often with a median groove. + +Martinia buckmani +Yanishevsky, 1918 + +from the late Serpukhovian of Central Asia and early Bashkirian of the Donets Basin and the Urals is very similar to the new species. However, + +M. buckmani + +is distinguished by its smaller size, swollen shell with a strongly protruding and wrapped apical part of the ventral valve, and apparently by its internal structure. + +Tiramnia davidi + +sp. nov. +differs from +Postmartinia juresanensis +( +Stepanov, 1948 +) from the Pennsylvanian of Bashkortostan by the angular rather than rounded lateral profile of the clearly limited anterior end of the sulcus and its much less developed continuation (tongue), as well as by its stratigraphic and geographic occurrence. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D20AFDF4CE62FBDCB529.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D20AFDF4CE62FBDCB529.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1fdf8f3c9c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195954D20AFDF4CE62FBDCB529.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + +Genus + +Tiramnia +Grunt, 1977 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Martinia uralica +Chernyshev, 1902 + +; original designation. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Shells small to medium-sized, brachythyrid outlines, without plates or septa in either valve; fold and sulcus weakly or moderately developed; furrow in sulcus is very weak or absent. Surface smooth or with the weak, short ribs on anterior edge. Muscle field of ventral valve comparatively large, lanceolate; radial vascular imprints ramiform; axial mantle canal (vascula media) singular. + + + + +Included Pennsylvanian species + + + +Arctic +Russia +, the northern Ural ( +Chernyshev 1902 +; +Grunt 1977 +): + +Tiramnia uralica +( +Chernyshev, 1902 +) + +, + +T. semiglobosa +( +Chernyshev, 1902 +) Permian, Cisuralian + +; + +T. tschaikensis +Grunt, 1977 + +; upper Pennsylvanian, Cape Chaika. + + +Arctic +Canada +and Southeastern Alaska ( +Carter & Poletaev 1998 +): + +Tiramnia waltery +Poletaev, 1998 + +and + +T. grunti +Poletaev, 1998 + +; Pennsylvanian. + + +Greenland +( +Grunt 1977 +): + +Tiramnia greenlandica +Grunt, 1977 + +; Permian. + + +China +( +Chao 1929 +): + +Tiramnia changchiacouensis +Chao, 1929 + +; Pennsylvanian. + + +Ukraine +(this paper) + +Tiramnia davidi + +sp. nov. +, Lower Pennsylvanian. + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Tiramnia +Grunt, 1977 + +differs from + +Martinia +M’Coy, 1844 + +by the presence of a ramified vascular system; + +Tiramnia + +differs from + +Jilinmartinia +Li & Gu, 1980 + +by having single (connected) vascula media rather than paired vascula developed in the ventral interior of the latter. + +Tiramnia + +differs from the somewhat similar + +Postamartinia +Wang & Yang, 1993 + +by having round, elongated, but not transverse shells, by the absence of low ribs on the flanks, and by a much shorter tongue of sulcus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195956D209FE62C87EFE06B283.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195956D209FE62C87EFE06B283.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..073d139736b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195956D209FE62C87EFE06B283.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + +Superfamily + +Brachythyridoidea +Frederiks, 1924 + + + + + + +Diagnosis emended + + +Outline commonly ovate; hinge line shorter than width, weakly denticulated; cardinal extremities rounded; lateral slopes usually with few simple coarse ribs or with numerous flat bifurcated ribs. Microornament absent or weakly developed. Delthyrium partially covered by deltidium or stegidial plates; subdelthyrial plates absent; ventral adminicula absent; vascular imprints pinnate or ramiform; miophragm or septum in ventral valve usualy absent. Dorsal adminicula and crural plates absent. + + + + +Remarks + + + +The presence of a denticulated hinge line in the ventral interarea of + +Spirifera ovalis +Phillips, 1836 + +has not yet been demonstrated, but this character has been found and is supported by some other data. + +Angiolini +et al. +(2011: 71) + +revised the Carboniferous brachiopod fauna from historical sections in +England +.As a result, they established the genus + +Latibrachythyris + +Angiolini +et al. +, 2011 + + +. The +type +species of + +Latibrachythyris + +is + +Spirifer pinguis +Sowerby, 1821 + +and has a denticulated hinge line. + +Carniti +et al. +(2022: 865) + +attributed + +Spirifer crassus +de Koninck, 1883 + +to + +Latibrachythyris + +and, following + +Angiolini +et al. +(2011) + +, also + +Spirifer rotundatus +Sowerby, 1825 + +. There is no doubt that the authors’ definitions of these species are correct, but the exact definition of some + +Brachythyris + +-like genera is problematic. An examination of the brachiopod collections of +de Koninck (1883 +, +1887 +) at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in +Brussels +, +Belgium +, in 1992 showed that specimens of + +Spirifer subrotundatus +M’Coy, 1844 + +(sensu de +Koninck, 1887 +) have a primary median costa in the sulcus and a distinct short septum in the ventral valve. Therefore, this species must now be assigned to + +Phragmobrachythyris +Poletaev 1999 + +from the family + +Skelidorygmidae +Carter, 1994 + +( +Carter & Gourvennec 2007 +). A correct genus definition of all + +Brachythyris + +-like spirifers is only possible by using serial cross sections of the apical part of the shell. The data presented above have shown that + +Latibrachythyris + +has a weakly denticulated hinge line and + +Phragmobrachythyris + +has a miophragm or septum in the ventral valve. Altogether, these data do not allow to assign the families + +Brachythyrididae +Frederiks, 1924 + +and +Skelidorygmidae +to the superfamily + +Martinioidea +Waagen, 1883 + +, as I had done earlier ( +Poletaev 2022 +). + + + + + +Stratigraphic distribution + + +Late Devonian to Permian. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FD8DCE28FCD6B1A1.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FD8DCE28FCD6B1A1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f09340f6600 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FD8DCE28FCD6B1A1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + +Family + +Brachythyrididae +Fredericks, 1924 + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Primary median costa in sulcus absent. + + + + +Stratigraphic distribution + + +Late Devonian (Famennian) to Permian (Lopingian). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FDD5CF0BFDFFB4F7.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FDD5CF0BFDFFB4F7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e44c73e2f31 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195957D209FDD5CF0BFDFFB4F7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + +Genus + +Meristorygma +Carter, 1974 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Meristorygma arctica +Carter, 1974 + +; original designation. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Medium-sized shell with diverse outline; fold and sulcus moderately developed. Well-defined sulcus with two, rarely four primary ribs and median furrow; uniplicate anterior commissure usually with subquadrate tongue; fold with three distinct ribs; the central with weakly furrow. Ribs on sides are few and weak. Hinge line of short, smooth ventral interarea non-denticulated. Ventral adminicula and dorsal crural plates are absent; vascula ramose, radially arranged with a pair of strong vascular media, which correspond to the pair of costae in the sulcus. Microornament is absent. + + + + +Species included + + + +Arctic +Canada +and southeastern Alaska ( +Carter 1974: 674 +): + +Meristorygma arctica +Carter, 1974 + +; Pennsylvanian. + + +Russia +, Northern and Polar Ural ( +Kutorga 1844 +; +Kalashnikov 1980 +): + +M. panduriformis +( +Kutorga, 1844 +) + +; upper Pennsylvanian–Lower Permian; + +M. pajkchoica +Kalashnikov, 1980 + +; Moscovian. + + +South Ural ( +Bashkortostan +)and Middle Asia ( +Yanishevsky 1900 +; +Poletaev 2018 +): + +M. gracilis +( +Yanishevsky, 1900 +) + +upper Serpukhovian–lower Bashkirian; (this paper) + +M. donakovae +Poletaev, 2018 + +; uppermost Visean–Serpukhovian, Magnitogorsk district. + + +Ukraine +, Donets Basin ( +Rotai 1951 +; +Poletaev 2018 +): + +M. miussensis +( +Rotai, 1951 +) + +upper Bashkirian; + +M. postgracilis +( +Rotai, 1951 +) + +; Moscovian. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The analysis of the ventral valve of the natural mould of + +Meristorygma arctica +( +Carter & Poletaev 1998 +) + +has shown that the species has a ramose, radially arranged vascular system with a twin of strong vascular media, in contrast to + +Brachythyris ovalis +(Phillips, 1836) + +, which has a weak, simple, pinnate vascular system. The variability of the vascular system of related taxa may mostly be the result of evolution ( +Lazarev & Poletaev 1982 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195958D207FDBCCD20FAB9B119.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195958D207FDBCCD20FAB9B119.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eea68920c86 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195958D207FDBCCD20FAB9B119.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + + +Meristorygma donakovae +Poletaev, 2018 + + + + + + +Fig. 4A + + + + + + + +Meristorygma donakovae +Poletaev, 2017: 74 + + +(nom. nud.). + + + + + + +Meristorygma donakovae +Poletaev, 2018: 88 + + +, pl. 112 fig. 3. + + + + + +Spirifer +sp. + +– + +Yanishevsky 1900: 150 + +, pl. 1 fig. 7. + + + + + +Spirifer +aff. +gracilis + +– + +Yanishevsky 1910: 96 + +, pl. 12 fig. 17. + + + + + +Brachythyris integricostus + +– + +Donakova 1983 + +: pl. 2 figs 6– + +7. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Transversely-ovate shell with one to two pairs of ribs in the sulcus, small rounded tongue and relatively broad, scanty ribs on the lateral slopes. + + + + +Material examined + + + + + +Holotype + +( +Fig. 4 +) +RUSSIA +• +South Urals +, +Magnitigorsk +region, right bank of +Ural River +; +Kizil Formation, upper Visean and Serpukhovian +; + +Donakova +1983 + +Coll.; +CNIGR +Museum +12065/8 +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +RUSSIA +• +2 specs +; same data as for holotype; +CNIGR 12065/9, 12065/10 + +. + + +Additional material + + + +RUSSIA +• +20 specs +; same data as for holotype; +CNIGR 12065 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Shell small to medium-sized; ventral valve with transversely-ovate outline, approximately equidimensional ( +holotype +with length +26 mm +, width +28 mm +, thickness +18 mm +), thin-walled. Hinge margin shorter than greatest width; interarea low, triangular, anacline to apsacline, smooth. Sulcus moderately developed, well delineated, with median furrow and two, rarely four primary ribs arising from parietal ribs. Anterior margin uniplicate with a small rounded tongue. Ribs on lateral slopes are few (5–7), well expressed. Dorsal valve oval in outline, almost such convex as ventral valve. Fold with three distinct ribs, of which two lateral ribs weakly bifurcate; interspaces between ribs broad. Surface of ribs smooth with concentric traces of growth. Ventral adminicula absent. Features of vascular system not established. + + + + +Fig. 4. + +Meristorygma donakovae +Poletaev, 2018 + +from South Urals (Russia). Mississippian. Holotype CNIGR Museum 12065/8 ( +Donakova 1983 +Coll.) from Magnitogorsk District; ventral, dorsal, lateral and anterior views (copy from +Poletaev 2018 +: pl. 112 fig. 3). Scale bar units = 1 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +This species differs from + +Meristorygma arctica + +by wider transversely oval outlines of the shell and a short, rounded tongue with a pair of weak additional ribs on its slopes, whereas + +M. arctica + +has a long, flat and subquadrate tongue with a pair of ribs. + +Meristorygma donakovae + +differs from the geographically and stratigraphically closest species + +M. gracilis + +by wider and less numerous ribs on the lateral slopes of both valves. The specimens examined resemble + +M. postgracilis + +in outline and rib pattern, but the latter has a narrower shell, more frequent bifurcation of the ribs in the sulcus, and a subquadrate tongue. + +Meristorygma parva +( +Rotai, 1951 +) + +differs in small size and low total number of ribs (not more than eight); + +M. miussensis + +and + +M. panduriformis + +in contrast are much larger and have very rare bifurcation of ribs in the sulcus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195959D207FDAFCED9FBE0B49B.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195959D207FDAFCED9FBE0B49B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..939b88e624d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E195959D207FDAFCED9FBE0B49B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + +Genus + +Betaneospirifer +Gatinaud, 1949 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Spirifera moosakhailensis +Davidson, 1862: 28 + +; original designation. + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Shells relatively thick-walled, medium to large in size; with transverse outlines; cardinal extremities from weakly rounded to mucronate or alate; ventral area triangular or trapezoidal with subparallel lower and upper edges, usually apsacline; hinge line denticulate; lateral slopes moderately or sharply folded, covered with numerous fasciculated almost uniform in width ribs, microornament regularly imbricate. Ventral valve has short deltirial plate, composed of short, rapidly diverging adminicula and dental flanges. + + + + +Remarks + + + +The remark in the description of + +Betaneospirifer +( + +Carter +et al. +2006: 1790 + +) + +“The validity of this genus is contingent on confirmation and completion of the diagnosis of + +Neospirifer + +” was related to the error in the choice of the +lectotype +of + +Spirifer fasciger +Keyserling, 1846 + +as the type species of + +Neospirifer +Frederiks, 1924 + +. The revision of +Keyserling’s (1846) +collection published by +Poletaev (1997) +showed that the specimen SPGGI 129/46, chosen by +Archbold & Thomas (1984) +as the +lectotype +of + +Spirifer fasciger + +, most probably does not belong to the real +syntypes +of this species, because its image is missing among the primary good quality drawings of Keyserling’s specimens. In addition, this specimen does not show any characters of the species and has to be rejected as +lectotype +. Specimen SPGGI 128/46 has been proposed ( +Poletaev 1997 +) as neolectotype of + +Spirifer fasciger + +(not +paralectotype +as decided by + +Carter +et al. +2006 + +: fig. 1185, 1b–c). It is the “ragged” ventral valve, which has an ovate overline, a few weak radial plicae on the flanks, and obviously belongs to +Neospiriferinae +. This ventral valve was first shown in dorsal view by +Poletaev (1997) +and has a very unusual type of short triangular ventral area and a trace of a delthyrial plate. The difference between the confirmed type species of + +Neospirifer + +and + +Spirifera moosakhailensis + +, the type species of + +Betaneospirifer + +, is obvious. The genus + +Neospirifer + +includes only the type species and some closely related species from the Productus Limestone (Late Permian) of Salt Range ( +Pakistan +), described by +Reed (1944: 678) +and +Waterhouse (2004: 1–265) +. Most of the thick-walled species of +Neospiriferinae +with long, trapezoidal ventral area belong to + +Betaneospirifer + +and other neospiriferid genera. + + + + + +Distribution + + + +Carboniferous (late Moscovian) to Early Permian of +Russia +and +Pakistan +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595AD205FDBFCD21FC66B1A3.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595AD205FDBFCD21FC66B1A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97ed36214f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595AD205FDBFCD21FC66B1A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,300 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + + +Betaneospirifer stepanovi +Poletaev, 2018 + + + + + + +Fig. 5A–C + + + + + + + +Betaneospirifer stepanovi +Poletaev, 2017: 74 + + +(nom. nud.). + + + + + + +Betaneospirifer stepanovi +Poletaev, 2018: 84 + + +, pl. 110 figs 3–5. + + + + + +Spirifer +( +Spirifer +) +fasciger +var. +sterlitamakensis + +– + +Stepanov 1948: 41 + +, pl. 7 fig. 12. + + + + + +Neospirifer sterlitamakensis + +– + +Mironova 1967: 43 + +, pl. 4 fig. 6. — + +Lapina 1975: 191 + +, pl. 85 fig. 2. — Alexandrov & Einor 1979: 75, pl. 28 fig. 18. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Small shells with transverse outline; hing line short; cardinal extremities rounded or orthogonal; three to four folds on each side of ventral valve; ribs relatively few, narrow, forming fascicles. + + + + +Material examined + + + + + +Holotype + +(fig. 5A) +RUSSIA +• +Bashkortostan +, +Belaya River +, +Tabynskoie village +, +Voskresenka Mountain +; +Gzhelian +; + +Mironova +1967 + +Coll.; +CNIGR +Museum +8491.48 +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +RUSSIA +• +1 spec. +; +Urals +, +Bashkortostan +, +Belaya River +, +Tabynskoie village +, +Voskresenka Mountain +; +Gzhelian +; + +Stepanov +1948 + +Coll.; +VNIGRI +Museum +163 + +• + +5 specs +; +Bashkortostan +, +Zilim River +, +Tash-Asty village +; +upper Moscovian +; +Alexandrov +and +Einor +1979 +Coll.; +GMNTSU 79.226 +(fig. 5B) + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Shell small to medium in size ( +15–30 mm +in width), transversely oval in outline; hinge line slightly shorter than greatest width. Ventral valve evenly convex with a well-delineated umbo; has three to four longitudinal plicae on each side. Apex beak-shaped, curved above the hinge line. Ventral interarea triangular, apsaclin. Cardinal extremities small, obtuse or rounded. Sulcus deep, sharply expressed, pointed, forming a small tongue at the anterior margin, three ribs on each slope of sinus and one along axis. On the sides narrow simple radial ribs, collected in four bundles of three ribs each, separated by sharp intervals. The outer peculiarities of the dorsal valve (main axial fold and four folds on each side) are well visible on the well safed +paratype +of the species. Inner structure of the shell is few investigated. Ventral valve has a pair of long thin dental plate. + + + + +Fig. 5. + +Betaneospirifer stepanovi +Poletaev, 2018 + +from Bashkortostan (Urals, Russia). +A +. Holotype CNIGR 8491/48 ( +Mironova 1967 +Coll.) from Tabynskoie; ventral view (copy from +Mironova 1967 +: pl. 4 fig. 6). +B +. Paratype GMNTSU 79/226 (Alexandrov & Einor 1979 Coll.) from Tash-Asty; ventral and dorsal views (copy from Alexandrov & Einor 1979: pl. 28 fig. 18). +C +. Paratype VNIGRI 163 ( +Stepanov 1948 +Coll.) from Tabynskoie village; ventral and dorsal views (copy from +Stepanov 1948 +: pl. 7 fig. 12). Scale bar units = 1 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + + +Betaneospirifer stepanovi + +differs from + +B. sterlitamakensis +(Gerasivov, 1929) + +by its suboval shell, much shorter hinge margin, rounded cardinal extremities, and by the essential difference in stratigraphic distribution. The stratigraphic range of + +B. stepanovi + +includes the late Pennsylvanian, but the range of + +B. sterlitamakensis + +is Early Permian (Asselian and early Sakmarian). The specimens examined differ greatly from the other species of + +Betaneospirifer + +in their small size as well as geographic and stratigraphic distributions. It is likely that the studied specimens represent the oldest (Late Pennsylvanian) species of the genus + +Betaneospirifer + +. + + + + + +Stratigraphic and geographic range + + + +Late Moscovian and Late Pennsylvanian; South Urals, +Russia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD200FDD7C88CFD05B13A.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD200FDD7C88CFD05B13A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ae274ea293 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD200FDD7C88CFD05B13A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,738 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + +Family + +Oceaniidae +Poletaev, 2015 + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Small or very small-sized, transverse, ventribiconvex shell; smooth and with two simple or compound opposed plica, dissected median parts of both valves on three parts. Fold and sulcus rarely have median opposite ribs; ventral interarea high or very high, flat, catacline or procline with strong vertical crenulations; hinge line denticulate; narrow and high delthyrium partly covered by pseudodeltidium; ornament of growth lamella only; ventral interior with low dental flanges; dorsal with ctenophoridium and short crural base. + + + + +Genera included + + + + +Johnsoniana + +nom. nov. +, possibly + +Minythyra +Brunton, 1984 + +, + +Changshunella + +Sun +et al. +, 2004 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The history of closely related genera and species previously included in the family +Verneuiliidae Schuchert +in Schuchert & Le Vene, 1929) is long and confusing. +Hall & Clarke (1893) +established the genus + +Verneuilia + +, which included two species: + +Spirifer cheiropteryx +d’Archiac & de Verneuil, 1842 + +from the Late Devonian of +Germany +and + +Spirifer oceani +d’Orbigny, 1850 + +from the Viséan of +Belgium +. These species, according to the authors of the genus, share common characters: the shell is equibiconvex with each valve “divided externally by two strong divergent ridges into three depressed areas, one central and two lateral” ( +Hall & Clarke 1893: 58 +). Schuchert & Le Vene (1929) placed + +Verneuilia + +in a new subfamily and in the family +Verneuiliidae +of the suborder +Spiriferidina +(Schuchert in Schuchert & Le Vene 1929). +Tiazheva (1960) +established + +Nuguschella +Tiazheva, 1960 + +from the Middle Devonian of the Urals, whose +type +species + +Nuguschella polita +Tiazheva, 1960 + +has a cruralium. The genus was placed in the family +Verneuiliidae +by +Ivanova (1960: 272) +and +Pitrat (1965 +: H727), but they considered the systematic position of the family uncertain. +Ivanova (1960) +placed + +Verneuilia + +separately in association with the “plicate ambocoeliids”. + + +Nalivkin (1979: 143) +described + +Verneuilia oceani + +from the late Tournaisian of the Urals as a member of the family +Verneuiliidae +and confidently assigned this family to the suborder +Spiriferidina +. + +Wang +et al. +(1966) + +and + +Zhang +et al. +(1983) + +also examined members of the +Verneuiliidae +, but assigned them to the family + +Cyrtinidae +Frederiks, 1911 + +on the basis of internal characters. +Brunton (1984: 101) +selected specimen B7923 as the +neotype +among three Belgian +topotypes +from the NHM collection. He described and illustrated it for the first time as a +neotype +of + +Verneuilia oceani + +. He re-established the family +Verneuiliidae +, in which he included the new Visean genus + +Minythyra + +, but retained for + +Verneuilia + +its Devonian type species + +Spirifer cheiropteryx + +. +Brunton (1984) +doubtfully placed the family +Verneuiliidae +in the superfamily + +Reticulariacea +Waagen, 1883 + +. + + +Gourvennec (1994: 576) +was the first to show pictures of the +holotype +of + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +and some +topotypes +of + +V. oceani + +. He emphasised the presence of a strong vertical crenulation on the interarea of + +V. oceani + +in contrast to + +V. cheiropteryx + +and concluded: “Detailed study of the available material now allows a clear definition and differentiation of the species + +cheiropteryx + +and + +oceani + +.” ( +Gourvennec 1994: 581 +). He considered the superfamily +Spiriferacea +rather than +Reticulariacea +as the higher taxon for + +Verneuilia + +. At the same time, +Blodgett & Johnson (1994) +described a new species + +Verneuilia langenstrasseni + +from the Middle Devonian of Alaska and placed the family +Verneuiliidae +, including the genera + +Verneuilia + +, + +Minythyra + +and + +Nuguschella + +, in the superfamily + +Ambocoelioidea +George, 1931 + +. + +Carter +et al. +(1994) + +supported this view. + + + +Sun +et al. +(2004) + +described a new genus + +Changshunella + +whose +type +species + +C. yangi + +Sun +et al. +, 2004 + + +had a clearly denticulated hinge line and lacked dental plates. In order to place this genus in the family +Verneuiliidae +, the authors extended the family diagnosis by combining the characters of + +Changshunella yangi + +and “ + +Verneuilia +” +oceani + +, which are absent in the Devonian +type +species of + +Verneuilia + +. + +Sun +et al. +(2004) + +also failed to determine the superfamilial assignment of the family +Verneuiliidae +and suggested that a new superfamily should be distinguished. Johnson ( + +Carter +et al. +2006: 1746 + +) strongly disagreed with the extension of the family diagnosis and wrote: “The Visean species + +V. oceani +(d’Orbigny) + +from +Belgium +is not congeneric with the +type +species, bearing strong dental flanges, a finely striated cardinal process, lacing crural plates, in having a clearly denticulate ventral interarea with wide perideltidial areas, and possibly a weakly capillate microornament. It belongs in the +Spiriferoidea +.”. He concluded that these species should not only be placed in different genera, but also in other superfamilies. However, Johnson ( + +Carter +et al. +2006: 1746 + +) did not attempt to identify or describe the new genus he had actually discovered. +Poletaev (2015: 17) +established the new genus + +Oceania + +with + +Spirifer oceani + +d`Orbigny, 1850 as the +type +species. At the same time, he proposed to establish the new family +Oceaniidae +with the +type +genus + +Oceania + +and, together with + +Minythyra + +, to place this family in the superfamily +Paeckelmanelloidea +. However, the genus name + +Oceania + +was already used by +Péron & Lesueur (1810) +and the family +Oceaniidae +was established by Eschcheltz (1829). Both the genus and family names proposed by the author in 2015 are thus preoccupied (junior homonymy). Consequently, the genus with + +Spirifer oceani + +as +type +species is here renamed as + +Johnsoniana + +nom. nov. +and remains +type +genus of the family +Oceaniidae +. + + +Mottequin & Poty (2022) +revised old European collections of brachiopods from the historical type locality of Visé, outlining the more correct geographic and stratigraphic positions of this fauna (including the age of “ + +V +.” +oceani + +) as latest Warnantian (Late Asbian) and published an image of the +topotype +of “ + +V +.” +oceani + +( +Mottequin & Poty 2022 +: fig. 11j). + +Wang +et al. +(2023) + +published the results of their research on the +Spiriferidae King, 1946 +fauna of the Frasnian (Late Devonian) Refrath Formation in the Bergisches Land of +Germany +, another historical type area for Western European Devonian fauna. They published the first transverse serial sections of two +topotypes +of + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +, showing short dental plates and illustrating the ctenophoridium in the ventral valve. They also showed the absence of denticles on the hinge line of the ventral interarea, the crural base and short crus in the dorsal valve, rounded cardinal extremities of mature + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +and flank plications in young specimens. These are absent in the type species of + +Johnsoniana +oceani + +. + + + +Wang +et al. +(2023) + +proposed an emended diagnosis of the genus + +Verneuilia + +and included short dental plates in the ventral valve of + +V. cheiropteryx + +, but not the denticulated hinge line of + +V. oceani + +. It remains unclear why + +Wang +et al. +(2023) + +did not exclude + +Spirifer oceani + +from + +Verneuilia + +, as its internal structure does not correspond to the revised diagnosis of the genus. They excluded + +Verneuilia langenstrasseni + +from + +Verneuilia + +because its internal structure does not correspond to the emended diagnosis of the genus. In my opinion, this species, together with +Nugushella +Tiazheva, 1960 +, should have been included under the new generic name in the group of so-called “plicated amboceleids” listed by +Ivanova (1960) +, only without + +Verneuilia + +. The main difference between the internal structures of the Late Devonian (middle Frasnian) + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +(according to + +Wang +et al. +2023 + +) and the Visean “ + +Verneuilia +” +oceani + +(according to +Gourvennec 1994 +) confirms the necessity to separate the genus + +Johnsoniana + +nom. nov. +I agree with + +Wang +et al. +(2023) + +that + +Verneuilia + +cannot be placed in the +Ambocoelioidea +. The +type +species of + +Verneuilia + +has been well distinguished and described by +Gourvennec (1994) +and + +Wang +et al. +(2023) + +. Obviously, this genus has weakly plicate flanks, well-developed dental plates and lack of median septum in the ventral valve, non-denticulated hinge line, knob-like ctenophoridium and pair of short plate-like crural bases in the dorsal valve as well as microornament (after +Gourvennec 1994 +: pl. 1 fig. 6) with very fine, regularly spaced growth lines and randomly arranged tiny pits. All these data allow, in my opinion, to place +Verneuillia +in the family + +Elythynidae +Gourvennec, 1994 + +of the superfamily +Martinioidea +. + + +The next question is what higher taxa could include the genus + +Johnsoniana + +nom. nov. +and some closely related genera? + + +Moderate to strong transverse contours of valves with high triangular area, acute or mucronate cardinal extremities and denticulate hinge line preclude the assignment of + +Johnsoniana + +and + +Changshunella + +to the superfamily +Martinioidea +. The absence of regular ribs on the flanks, smooth or with high median ridge sulcus and fold bordered by specific opposite plica do not allow to assign both genera to +Spiriferoidea +, contrary to the opinion of +Gourvennec (1994) +and Johnson ( + +Carter +et al. +2006: 1746 + +). On the other hand, most of the main characters of + +Johnsoniana + +and + +Changshunella + +in general are very close to or agree with the diagnosis of the superfamily + +Paeckelmanelloidea ( + +Carter +et al. +2006: 1812 + +) + +. + +Sun +et al. +(2004) + +assumed the same for + +Changshunella yangi + +, but the presence of unusual opposed ribs on the ventral and dorsal valves of this species led them to reject the assignment of + +Changshunella + +to +Paeckelmanelloidea +. The opposite +type +of plica on both valves of + +Changshunella + +links this genus to + +Verneuilia + +. On this basis, + +Sun +et al. +(2004) + +suggest that the above genera could form their own superfamily, namely Verneuilioidea. However, they prefer to include + +Changshunella + +in their revised family +Verneuiliidae +and maintain the verneuiliids as a separate family in the suborder +Spiriferidina +. + + +The pentagonal contours and the presence of extraordinary plica-bordered depressions in the central part of both valves of the biconvex shells of “ + +Oceania + +” and + +Minythyra + +previously seemed to me sufficient to distinguish a new family +Oceaniidae +(see +Poletaev 2015 +) and to include it very conventionally in the superfamily +Paeckelmanelloidea +. In fact, the assignment of this family to +Paeckelmanelloidea +was wrong, because the characters of +Oceaniidae +included smooth shells, which were not foreseen in the diagnosis of +Paeckelmanelloidea +by +Ivanova (1972) +. On the other hand, I agree with + +Sun +et al. +(2004) + +and avoid distinguishing a new superfamily. It will be more reasonable to revise the diagnosis of +Paeckelmanelloidea +to include “rare smooth forms with opposed ribs or plica on both valves”, which will make a valid inclusion of the family +Oceaniidae +into this superfamily. The family +Oceaniidae +includes the genera +Jonsoniana +, + +Changshunella + +and + +Minythyra + +, each of which has characters of the emended +Paeckelmanelloidea +. The family excludes + +Verneuilia + +because it has tooth plates and no denticulate hinge line. The smooth flanks and the opposite ribs or plica on both valves distinguish +Oceaniidae +from +Strophopleuridae +and +Paeckelmanellidae +, because the latter also have a ventral median septum, which is absent in +Oceaniidae +. Furthermore, the Frasnian (Late Devonian) + +Verneuilia + +is not less than thirty million years older than the late Tournaisian to Visean + +Johnsoniana + +and + +Changshunella + +and could perhaps be a distant ancestor of the latter genera. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD205FE60CF08FDBCB724.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD205FE60CF08FDBCB724.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b9187003cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595BD205FE60CF08FDBCB724.xml @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + +Superfamily + +Paeckelmanelloidea +Ivanova, 1972 + + + + + +Diagnosis +(emended) + +Moderately to strongly transverse shell with maximum of width at hinge line; flanks usually with simple ribs, rarely smooth; stratigraphically younger forms sometimes with bifurcations; fold and sulcus smooth or with median rib in sulcus and on fold, more rarely multicostate or with pair of opposed plica on both valves; ventral interarea usually moderately to very high, often catacline to procline or weakly apsacline; hinge line denticulate; microornament usually consisting of capillae and anteriorly free growth lamellae; dental adminicula usually present; vascular markings simple, radial; crural plates and dorsal adminicula lacking; ctenophoridium present. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED200FDFECEAEFE69B6C4.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED200FDFECEAEFE69B6C4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a0671e1aaa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED200FDFECEAEFE69B6C4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + +Genus + +Johnsoniana + +nom. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +species + + + + + +Spirifer oceani +d’Orbigny, 1849 + +; original designation (by monotypy). + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Shells small to medium-sized, pentagonal or trapezoidal outline with equibiconvex profiles; ventral interarea triangular, medium high, concave only under apex, apsacline to catacline with denticulate hinge line equal to the width of shell; cardinal extremities acute but not mucronate; delthyrium narrowly elongate, triangular, high, partly covered by pseudodeltidium; shallow ventral sulcus and median depression on fold clearly limited by coarse rounded opposite plica, divided each valve into three depressed areas; flank plications absent; anterior commissure subrectilinear. Surface smooth or with concentric wrinkles and obscure irregular radial striae (10–12 per mm). In ventral valve strong deltirial ridges, boarding delthyrium, septum and dental plates absent; in dorsal valve short base of crural plate and flat ctenophoridium. Shell substance impunctate. + + + + +Stratigraphic and geographic range + + + +Western Europe ( +Belgium +), +Russia +, Urals ( +Bashkortostan +); Mississippian, from the Late Tournaisian to Viséan (late Warnantian or late Asbian). + + + + + +Included species + + + +Type +species only. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED21EFDABC9ECFABDB2EC.xml b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED21EFDABC9ECFABDB2EC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..72d8e5ba1e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/8E/03BA8E19595ED21EFDABC9ECFABDB2EC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,333 @@ + + + +New and revised taxa of Carboniferous spiriferides (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Donets Basin (Ukraine) and South Urals (Russia) + + + +Author + +Poletaev, Vladyslav +4BF22B2D-FD42-4588-AB80-BBA5DDF4A579 +Institute of Geological Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 55 - b, Oles Honchar St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine. +vipoletaev38@gmail.com + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2024 + +2024-11-04 + + +968 + + +132 +155 + + + + +https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2723/12515 + +journal article +305035 +10.5852/ejt.2024.968.2723 +21b497f6-a2ee-4af8-b2e0-027aadacb4eb +2118-9773 +14047314 +35322F0D-0A5C-4227-AB4D-D4758ECA6E7A + + + + + + +Johnsoniana +oceani +( +d’Orbigny, 1850 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 6B–E + + + + + + + +Spirifer oceani +d’Orbigny, 1850: 149 + + +, pl. 38 fig. 29. + + + + + +Spirifer cheiropteryx + +– de Koninck 1843: 245, pl. 15 fig. 9. — + +Quenstedt 1871: 510 + +, pl 53 figs 71–73. + + + + + +Spirifer oceani + +– de + +Koninck 1887: 132 + +, pl. 28 figs 11–16. + + + + + +Verneuilia oceani + +– + +Hall & Clarke 1893: 1–317 + +. — +Ivanova 1960 +, pl. 58 figs 14–15. — +Nalivkin 1979: +143, pl. 62 figs 19–24. — + +Brunton 1984: 101 + +, text-fig. 160. — + +Gourvennec 1994: 578 + +, pl. 1 figs 7–31. — +Mottequin & Poty 2022 +: text-fig. 11j. + + + + + +Oceania oceani + +– + +Poletaev 2015: 17–18 + +; + +2018: 95 + +, pl. 117 figs 1–7. + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + +As for genus. + + + + +Material examined + + + + + +Neotype + +( +Fig 6B +) +GREAT BRITAIN +• +Viséan +, +upper Warnantian +(late Asbian); +specimen +from +Davidson +Coll., selected by +Brunton (1984: 101 +, fig. 160); +NHM B7923 +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +FRANCE +• +2 specs +; +Viséan +; Office National des Collections Paléontologiques ( +ONCP +), University C. Bernard, Lyon; +ONCP D306a +, +ONCP D306e +( +Fig. 6D–E +) + +. + + + +RUSSIA +• +17 specs +; +Southern Urals +( +Bashkortostan +), +Ussuily River +; +upper Tournaisian +, Kizelovskian Horizon; + +Nalivkin +1979 + +Coll.; +CNIGR +Museum +3085 +( +Fig. 6C +) + +. + + + + + +Description + + +The shell is small with trapezoidal outline; the cardinal extremities are angular but not mucronate. The maximum width coincides with the hinge line. The convexity of the shell is regular but the ventral valve is slightly more convex than the dorsal. The ventral interarea is high, triangular, regularly curved, usually apsacline to catacline; beak is small and curved. The delthyrium is narrow and much higher than the width, the upper half is covered by a convex pseudodeltidium. The surface of the interarea bears strong vertical crenulations that are never branching. These crenulations produce a fine denticulation on the hinge, corresponding to equivalent cupules on the dorsal valve. + +The dorsal interarea is very narrow, anacline. The angle between ventral and dorsal interareas is 90°– 120°. The ventral sulcus is shallow, widely rounded, tends to become deeper and wider towards the anterior margin. The dorsal sulcus corresponds to the ventral one. The sulci are bordered by low angular plications, that never become carina. The sulci widen regularly during the early stages of growth but bounding plications tend to become parallel or almost convergent. The anterior edge of the plications does not significantly protrude beyond the general anterior outline. The commissure is usually bent towards the ventral valve before abruptly turning towards the dorsal one near the sulci. In this case a more or less developed tongue is present. The flanks are smooth. The microornament consists of faint, regularly spaced growth lines coarser than in + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +. In the ventral valve are very long divergent dental flanges, bordering the inner side of the delthyrium ( +Gourvennec 1994: 580 +, fig. 2). The teeth are small. In the apical part of the ventral valve sometimes is a short, low, flat median ridge. In the dorsal valve, the very faint striated ctenophoridium is located on an elevated cardinal platform anteriorly and extended by a narrower median shelf at about ¼ of the length of the shell. The ctenophoridium is bounded by weakly developed very short and narrow sockets. Under the sockets are located the narrow, slightly oblique crural bases, supported by small “columnal” thickenings of the shell united the cardinal platform with crural bases and joining them at the floor of the valve. These very poorly developed thickenings do not properly constitute the crural plates or only rudimentary ones. The direction of the spires is approximately parallel to the plications (after +Gourvennec 1994: 578 +). + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The external appearance of + +Johnsoniana +oceani + +is similar to that of + +Verneuilia cheiropteryx + +( +Fig. 6A +), but the former can be distinguished by its smaller, less transverse shell outline, lack of mucronation of the cardinal extremities, denticulate hinge line, much narrower sulcus bordered by low angled but never carinate plications. The plications bordering the sulci of + +J. oceani + +tend to become parallel during adult growth, whereas they are regularly divergent in + +V. cheiropteryx + +. + +Johnsoniana +oceani + +is distinguished from + +V. cheiropteryx + +by the absence of short dental plates in the ventral valve. + +Johnsoniana +oceani + +is distinguished from + +Changshunella yangi + +by the much larger size, lack of prominent median plications in sulcus and opposite rib on dorsal valve, lack of sticks on anterior ends of ribs, bordered sulci. The +type +species of + +Verneuilia + +and + +Johnsoniana + +also differ in the micro-ornamentation of the shell surface: the presence of fine randomly arranged pits on + +V. cheiropteryx + +and obscure radial striae on + +J. oceani + +. + + + + + +Dіstribution + + + +Calcaire de Visé (Visean) in +Belgium +; late Tournaisian of the South Urals ( +Bashkortostan +), +Russia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFD8D4A823D7FB98CDE9.xml b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFD8D4A823D7FB98CDE9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f1d38c8b3f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFD8D4A823D7FB98CDE9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,424 @@ + + + +A new species of rock skink (Scincidae: Liopholis) from the Central Ranges bioregion of arid Australia + + + +Author + +Farquhar, Jules E. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Mulder, Jordan A. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Russell, Wyn +Biosis Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Haines, Margaret L. +Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne VIC 3001 + + + +Author + +Rangers, Anangu + + + +Author + +Chapple, David G. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-11-01 + + +5536 + + +1 + + +153 +177 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 +1175-5326 +14024191 +991D72E2-7948-4433-8434-FE647649EA75 + + + + + + + +Liopholis margaretae +( +Storr 1968 +) + + + + + + + + +MacDonnell Ranges Rock Skink + + + + + +( +Figures 5E–F +) + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +WAM R29129 +, +adult male +, collected by +K.R. Slater +and +D.A. Lindner +on + +25 November 1964 + +from +Palm Valley +, +Northern Territory +( +-24.05, +132.7 +). Measurements in millimetres: SVL 107.5, tail 171 (original, 159% of SVL), HL 20.2, HW 16.8, HD 10.9, AGL 50.5, BW 22, FLL 26, HLL 37.8. Scale counts: MSR 36, SubDig 26, SupLab 8, SupCil 8, Cil 11, Lob 4 (with an additional 5 +th +miniscule uppermost lobule), one pair of nuchal scales. This specimen exhibits the well-patterned morph, and colouration is typical of the species in preservative. + + + + + +FIGURE 5. +Colour pattern variation in + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +from Aliwanyiwanyinya Rockhole, SA ( +A +, +B +); Apara Springs, SA ( +C +); Alalkanya Gorge, SA ( +D +, GenBank: PQ067254); and comparison with + +L. margaretae + +patterned morph at Ormiston Gorge, NT ( +E +, GenBank: PQ067258) and plain morph at Kings Canyon, NT ( +F +, GenBank: PQ067257). Photos: Jordan Mulder ( +A–C +); Jules Farquhar ( +D–F +). + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Liopholis margaretae + +can be distinguished from other + +Liopholis + +by a combination of the following characters: moderately large size (maximum SVL up to +108.5 mm +); snout relatively pointed—distance between outer edges of parietals usually no more than the distance from the snout to the posterior edge of the frontal; dorsal scales smooth; conspicuous black callus along free edge of subdigital lamellae; palmar and plantar scales each with a prominent black tubercle; usually eight supraciliary scales; usually three enlarged lobules projecting from anterior border of ear opening; midbody scales in 38 or fewer rows. Dull olive or greyish brown posteriorly, grading into reddish-brown anteriorly; ventral surface uniform creamish-white. Two morphs occur: one well-patterned with mostly obscure black markings and scattered white spots, one virtually patternless ( +Figure 5E–F +). + + + + +Description. +Full summary statistics of morphology data are presented in +Table 1. A +moderately large, robust + +Liopholis +species. + +Measurements (as means with range in parentheses): SVL +94.1 mm +(52.2–108.5); HL +19.7 mm +(12.6–22.2); HW +14.8 mm +(8.5–18.3); HD +10.5 mm +(6–13.5); AGL +48.4 mm +(25.1–58.4); BW +18.5 mm +(10–24.2); FLL +24.9 mm +(16.6–28.8); HLL +34.7 mm +(21.7–40.3). The original tail length (TL) of adults (> +75 mm +SVL) is +168.7 mm +(152–187.5), which is 173% (158%–190%) of SVL. + + + +FIGURE 6. +Comparison of diagnostic scalation between species. + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +tend to have fewer supraciliary scales and more ear lobules than + +L. margaretae + +. ( +A +) Holotype (SAMA R60802) of + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +with six supraciliary scales and five enlarged ear lobules. ( +B +) + +Liopholis margaretae + +(GenBank: PQ067257) with eight supraciliary scales and three enlarged ear lobules. Illustrations by Christina Hunter. + + + +Head. +Head dorsoventrally depressed (head depth is 47%–62% of head length, +x̄ += 53%). Snout relatively pointed (head length is 120%–149% of head width, +x̄ += 134%) and relatively shallow. Supralabials 8–9 (usually 8); supraciliaries 6–9 (usually 8); ciliaries 9–13 (usually 11); ear opening large, oblong and oriented vertically, with 3–4 (usually 3) enlarged lobules on the anterior margin, projecting over opening, often with a single additional tiny ear lobule above the enlarged series, ear lobule shape is variable, being either obtuse, rectangular or acute; only one pair of enlarged nuchal scales; nasal scales separated, moderately to widely so; post-narial groove absent; prefrontals in broad contact, occasionally in narrow contact or narrow separation; neck only slightly narrower than widest part of head (above tympani); lower eyelid movable; parietal scales divided. + + +Body. +Moderately robust (axilla-groin length is 47%–56% of SVL, +x̄ += 51%) with smooth, overlapping scales in 33–38 rows (MSR), but usually 34–36 (rarely 33, 37 and 38). + + +Limbs. +Limbs of moderate length (forelimb is 23%–32% of SVL, +x̄ += 27%; hindlimb is 25%–44% of SVL, +x̄ += 37%); digits short and well-developed; finger length: 4>3>2>5>1, toe length: 4>3>5>2>1; subdigital lamellae 20–28 (usually 24) under fourth toe, with conspicuous black callus along free edge of lamellae; claws sharp and recurved; palmar and plantar scales each with prominent black callus along free edge. + + +Tail. +Original tail long (140%–190% of SVL, +x̄ += 169%; +n += 10) and approximately cylindrical, tapering to a pointed tip. + + + +Colour pattern in life ( +Figures 5E–F +) + +. Background colouration of the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the body, limbs and tail typically dull olive or greyish brown posteriorly, grading into reddish-brown anteriorly. Ciliary scales bright yellow; ear lobules pale cream; ventral surfaces uniform creamish-white; chin and throat orange. Two colour morphs occur: well-patterned specimens have prominent black markings on back and tail, irregularly distributed or tending to align longitudinally; lateral surfaces with black spots which tend to align in oblique rows directed up and back, sometimes only anteriorly and vaguely so; white spots are present on dorsum, flanks and limbs, sometimes forming transverse rows on flanks; irregular black markings on top and sides of head, typically on scale margins and sometimes forming barring on the lips; black streak running from around the loreal region, through eye and extending onto the secondary temporals; irregular pale spots may be present in labial region; sutures of chin scales irregularly marked in black or dark brown; sometimes with dark spots or short dark lines on throat. The patterning of plain specimens typically consists of no more than faint dark edges to dorsal scales, which may give the appearance of narrow longitudinal lines; some plain specimens have few scattered white lateral spots, and a black streak anterior and posterior of the eye. Tail and limb colour patterning is generally similar to that of the dorsum and flanks. + + +Colour pattern in preservative +: Colour pattern in preservative is largely similar to the description in life but with slightly to significantly faded and less vibrant colouration overall. The orange chin and throat colour (present in live specimens) is absent in all preserved specimens. The characteristic black calli of the subdigital lamellae, plantar and palmar scales is substantially faded or absent in preservative. + + + + +Distribution and habitat. +The distribution of + +Liopholis margaretae + +falls almost entirely within the MacDonnell Ranges bioregion ( +Thackway & Cresswell 1995 +) of the +Northern Territory +, +Australia +( +Figure 7 +), where it occurs widely across the region on mountain ranges comprising a range of sedimentary and metamorphic geology +types +. Also recorded (but much less widespread) in adjacent ranges of the Burt Plain and Finke bioregions. It is recorded as far north as Nanga Range, and as far south as Henbury Station. It shelters in burrows in soil beneath large rock slabs, or in deep rock crevices. + + + + +FIGURE 7. +Distribution of + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +(orange) and + +Liopholis margaretae + +(green). Coloured symbols are examined specimens, white dots are observations of + +Liopholis margaretae + +and hence not examined material. The landscape is shown as a digital elevation model over a hill-shading layer, with white areas corresponding to higher elevations. Note the clear topographic separation of the two species by the Amadeus lowlands: blue areas denote Lake Amadeus and associated playa lakes of the Amadeus Basin—a significant (~180 km wide) biogeographical barrier for rock-dwelling fauna. Photos: Jules Farquhar (George Gill and Musgrave Ranges); Jason Round (Amadeus lowlands). + + + + +Conservation status. +In the most recent (2017) conservation assessment of + +L. margaretae + +it was assessed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List ( + +Fenner +et al. +2018 + +); however, that assessment is now outdated given it included in its area calculations both the +South Australia +populations now attributed to + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +in the Mann-Musgrave Ranges and + +L. personata + +(formerly a subspecies of + +L. margaretae + +) in the Flinders Ranges. The updated AOO is +c. +25,600 km +2 +(i.e. the area of rugged habitat in the MacDonnell Ranges bioregion, and adjacent ranges) and EOO is +c. +112,200 km +2 +(i.e. the area of a minimum convex polygon encompassing the rugged habitat used for AOO). These values indicate a large distribution ( +Figure 9 +)—i.e. they exceed geographic range thresholds for consideration under Criterion B of the IUCN Red List. At present there are no robust data on abundance, population trends, or threats. Much of the species’ range includes protected areas (e.g. Watarrka NP, Finke Gorge NP, Tjoritja / West MacDonnell Ranges NP, Owen Springs Reserve). However, in the absence of additional data, the species will most likely remain as Least Concern. + + + + +Remarks. +Currently used common names for + +L. margaretae + +include Centralian Ranges Rock-skink ( +Cogger 2014 +; + +Jolly +et al. +2023 + +; +ASH 2023 +) or Central Ranges Rock Skink ( +Wilson & Swan 2021 +). These names are now misleading given that + +L. margaretae +sensu stricto + +does not occur in the Central Ranges bioregion—rather, + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +is endemic to this bioregion. We therefore suggest the common name MacDonnell Ranges Rock Skink for + +L. margaretae + +, given this species is almost entirely confined to the MacDonnell Ranges bioregion. There are 17 other vertebrate taxa endemic to the MacDonnell Ranges ( + +McDonald +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFDCD4A82083FBBEC950.xml b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFDCD4A82083FBBEC950.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a6f2a90d9a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA61FFDCD4A82083FBBEC950.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A new species of rock skink (Scincidae: Liopholis) from the Central Ranges bioregion of arid Australia + + + +Author + +Farquhar, Jules E. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Mulder, Jordan A. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Russell, Wyn +Biosis Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Haines, Margaret L. +Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne VIC 3001 + + + +Author + +Rangers, Anangu + + + +Author + +Chapple, David G. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-11-01 + + +5536 + + +1 + + +153 +177 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 +1175-5326 +14024191 +991D72E2-7948-4433-8434-FE647649EA75 + + + + + + + +Liopholis +Fitzinger 1843 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Liopholis moniligera +Fitzinger 1843 + +, by monotypy [= + +L. whitii + +]. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA65FFDBD4A8278CFB8ECE09.xml b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA65FFDBD4A8278CFB8ECE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e6a0223c342 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/11/4F/D2/114FD27EFA65FFDBD4A8278CFB8ECE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,619 @@ + + + +A new species of rock skink (Scincidae: Liopholis) from the Central Ranges bioregion of arid Australia + + + +Author + +Farquhar, Jules E. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Mulder, Jordan A. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Russell, Wyn +Biosis Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia + + + +Author + +Haines, Margaret L. +Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne VIC 3001 + + + +Author + +Rangers, Anangu + + + +Author + +Chapple, David G. +School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-11-01 + + +5536 + + +1 + + +153 +177 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5536.1.6 +1175-5326 +14024191 +991D72E2-7948-4433-8434-FE647649EA75 + + + + + + + +Liopholis aputja +Farquhar, Mulder, Russell, Haines & Chapple + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +Central Ranges Rock Skink + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +21D7BF40-8680-436A-B0DA-4D0E3D07D6EE + + + +( +Figures 4 +, +5A–D +) + + + + + + +Holotype +( +Figure 4 +). + +SAMA +R60802 +, adult, collected at night while active in +Alalkanya Gorge +, + +13 km +north of Pukatja + +, +Musgrave Ranges +, +South Australia +( +-26.1633 +, +132.1166 +), by +J. van Weenan +on + +20 October 2005 + +(J. van Weenan pers. comm. 2024). Measurements in millimetres: SVL 92, tail 158 (original, 170% of SVL), HL 20, HW 15.1, HD 9.6, AGL 46.2, BW 18.7, FLL 26.3, HLL 36. Scale counts: MSR 37, SubDig 28, SupLab 9, SupCil 6, Cil 13, Lob 5 (with an additional 6 +th +miniscule uppermost lobule), nuchal scales in two pairs ( +cf. +one pair in all other specimens). Colouration of this specimen is typical of the species in preservative. + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +R51590 +, + +36.5 km +ESE of Amata + +, +South Australia +( +-26.2558 +, +131.4933 +), collected by +M. Hutchinson +on + +25 October 1998 + + +; + +R17456 +, +juvenile +, +Erliwunyawunya Rockhole +, +South Australia +( +-26.35833 +, +131.72499 +), collected on + +7 July 1961 + + +; + +R17271 +, +Piltadi +, +South Australia +( +-26.116 +, +130.283 +) + +. + + +Referred Material: +Details of wild specimens from which supplementary data were obtained are provided in +Table A1 +, Appendix. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +can be distinguished from other members of the genus by a combination of the following characters: moderately large size (maximum SVL up to +135 mm +); snout relatively pointed—distance between outer edges of parietals usually no more than the distance from the snout to the posterior edge of the frontal; dorsal scales smooth; conspicuous black callus along free edge of subdigital lamellae; palmar and plantar scales each with a prominent black tubercle. Usually six supraciliary scales; usually four enlarged lobules projecting from anterior border of ear opening. Dorsal surfaces dull orangish-brown, typically with pair of broad diffuse cream dorsolateral stripes and faint indications of five longitudinally aligned black dorsal stripes; head brigher orangish-brown than body; chin and throat salmon orange and without dark marking; ventral surface uniform creamish-white. + + + + +Description. +Full summary statistics of morphology data are presented in +Table 1. A +moderately large, robust + +Liopholis +species. + +Measurements (as means with range in parentheses) of all specimens: SVL +101.1 mm +(60.2–135); HL +19.2 mm +(14.2–20.9); HW +14.2 mm +(10.7–15.4); HD +9.7 mm +(7.3–10.7); AGL +47.4 mm +(31–62.7); BW +17.8 mm +(12.9–19.6); FLL +25.4 mm +(18.1–29.7); HLL +34.1 mm +(25–39.8). The original tail length (TL) of adults (> +75 mm +SVL) is +150.6 mm +(130.5–158). + + +Head. +Head dorsoventrally depressed (head depth is 48%–52% of head length, +x̄ += 50%). Snout relatively pointed (head length is 132%–138% of head width, +x̄ += 135%) and relatively shallow. Supralabials 8–10 (usually 9); supraciliaries 6–7 (usually 6); ciliaries 10–13 (usually 12); ear opening large, oblong and oriented vertically, with 3– 5 (usually 4) enlarged lobules on the anterior margin, projecting over opening, often with a single additional tiny ear lobule above the enlarged series, ear lobule shape variable, being either obtuse, rectangular or acute; typically only one pair of enlarged nuchal scales (two pairs in SAMA R60802); nasal scales separated, moderately to widely so; post-narial groove absent; prefrontals in broad contact, occasionally in narrow contact; neck only slightly narrower than widest part of head (above tympani); lower eyelid movable; parietal scales divided. + + +Body. +Moderately robust body (axilla-groin length is 48%–61% of SVL, +x̄ += 52%) with smooth, overlapping scales in 32–39 rows (MSR), but usually 36–38 (rarely 32 and 39). + + +Limbs. +Limbs of moderate length (forelimb is 27%–30% of SVL, +x̄ += 28%; hindlimb is 34%–42% of SVL, +x̄ += 38%); digits short and well-developed; finger length: 4>3>2>5>1, toe length: 4>3>5>2>1; subdigital lamellae 22–28 (usually 26) under fourth toe, with conspicuous black callus along free edge of lamellae; claws sharp and recurved; palmar and plantar scales each with prominent black callus along free edge. + + +Tail. +Original tail long (128%–176% of SVL, +x̄ += 157%; +n += 4) and approximately cylindrical, tapering to a pointed tip. + + + +Colour pattern in life ( +Figures 5A–D +) + +: ( +n += 8) Background colouration of the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the body, limbs and tail typically dull orangish-brown with thin black scale margins; top and sides of head usually more vibrant orangish-brown than body. Ciliary scales bright yellow; ear lobules pale cream. Ventral surfaces uniform creamish-white; chin and throat salmon orange and without dark markings. Patterning of the head, dorsum, limbs and flanks is variable (see ‘ +Variation +’ section below). On top of head there is often irregular black markings, typically on scale margins; lateral head markings often include black vertical bars between some of the supralabial scales, and a black streak running from about the loreal region, through eye and extending along the suture of the upper and lower secondary temporals, and terminating on the tertiary temporals. Irregular pale blotches may be present in labial region. Usually there is a pair of broad diffuse cream dorsolateral stripes, and faint indications of five longitudinally aligned black dorsal stripes, commencing on the nape and extending to tail base; these stripes typically are more distinct anteriorly and often become diffuse posteriorly. Lateral patterning consists of scattered white spots, with dark anterior margins. Tail and limb colour patterning is generally similar to that of the dorsum and flanks. + + + +Colour pattern in preservative ( +Figure 4 +) + +: Colour pattern in preservative ( +n += 4) is largely similar to the description in life but with slightly to significantly faded and less vibrant colouration overall. The salmon orange chin and throat colour (present in live specimens) is absent in all preserved specimens. The characteristic black calli of the subdigital lamellae, plantar and palmar scales is substantially faded or absent in preservative. + + + +Variation: +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +is variable in pattern, ranging from heavily patterned ( +Figure 5A +) to almost completely patternless ( +Figure 5C +), and this variability occurs within the same location. In well-patterned individuals, there are scattered white spots with dark anterior margins on the dorsum, flanks, limbs and tail ( +Figure 5A, D +); but for some intermediate ( +Figure 5B +) to weakly patterned ( +Figure 5C +) specimens, these spots occur only on the flanks, or are absent. In pattern-reduced specimens, head patterning may be absent, or at least consists of a black streak in front of and behind eye. In patterned-reduced specimens, the five thin black dorsal lines may be absent, or perceivable only anteriorly. + + + + +Etymology. +Aputja is a word from the Pitjantjatjara/Yankunytjatjara language spoken by First Nations peoples where this lizard species is found in APY (Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara) Lands of north-western +South Australia +. Aputja means ‘of the hills’, in reference to this species occurring in the hills and gorges of the Mann-Musgrave Ranges, unlike other + +Liopholis +spp. + +of the region which occur on sandplains. The specific epithet is constructed as a noun in apposition. In arriving at this name, we spoke to rangers, Traditional Owners and knowledge holders across the APY Lands; in Pukatja, Fregon, Mimili/Amaroona, Indulkana, Amata and Pipalyatjara. Responses to asking for the name of the new + +Liopholis +species + +varied. However, particular clarity in narrowing the name down to Aputja was provided by the following Traditional Owners: Allan Wilson (Indulkana/Pukatja), Johnny Roberts (Fregon), Winmati Roberts (Fregon/Umuwa), Manyiritjanu Lennon (Pukatja), and Hughie Cullinan (Mimili/ Amaroona). The common name Central Ranges Rock Skink is chosen because + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +is endemic to the Central Ranges bioregion ( +Thackway & Cresswell 1995 +). We chose the words ‘rock skink’ for clarity and consistency, given that most other saxicoline members of the + +Liopholis + +genus are commonly referred to as rock skinks (Australian Society of Herpetologists 2023). + + + + + +Comparison with similar + +Liopholis + +. + + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +is most closely related to + +L. margaretae + +, from which it is allopatric and genetically distinct (net between group mean distance of 12.4% in the ND4 gene). + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +differs from + +L. margaretae + +as follows: in having only the head (and sometimes the neck) a brighter orangish-brown than the rest of the body (versus the entire anterior half of the body reddish-brown); in more frequently exhibiting intermediate forms with varying degrees of pattern prominence (versus an almost discrete dichotomous separation between patterned and unpatterned morphs ( +Figure 5 +); in lacking black lateral spots which tend to form oblique rows directed up and back (versus sometimes present); in always lacking dark suture markings under chin (versus sometimes present); in having a pair of broad diffuse cream dorsolateral stripes and faint indications of five longitudinally aligned black dorsal stripes (versus absence of such stripes). For meristic characters, + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +has on average more midbody rows, subdigital lamellae, supralabials, ciliaries, ear lobules, but less supraciliaries ( +Figure 3B +; +Figure 6 +; +Table 1 +). While multiple features should be considered simultaneously for identification, supraciliary counts are particularly reliable to distinguish these two species, given + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +usually (84%) have 6, whereas + +L. margaretae + +usually (74%) have 8 ( +Figure 6 +). + + + + +While + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +is the only rock +- +dwelling + +Liopholis + +occurring in the Mann-Musgrave Ranges, there are several congeners recorded in the desert sand plains adjoining these ranges: + +L +. +inornata +(Rosén 1905) + +, + +L. kintorei + +(Stirling & Zietz 1893), + +L. slateri +( +Storr 1968 +) + +, and + +L. striata +(Sternfeld 1919) + +. Unlike + +L. aputja + + +sp. nov. + +, these species have blunt heads (i.e. distance between outer edges of parietals usually greater than the distance from the snout to the hind edge of frontal scale), and lack the conspicuous black callus along free edge of the subdigital lamellae and the palmar and plantar scales. + + + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +, + +L. margaretae + +, + +L. personata +, + +and + +L. modesta + +are geographically widely separated from one another, but all share rock-dwelling habits. + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +usually has 38 or less MSR, whereas + +L. personata + +has 38 or more ( +Storr 1968 +). + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +almost always has 6 supraciliaries, whereas + +L. modesta + +usually has 7 or 8 ( +Storr 1968 +). + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +, + +L. margaretae + +, and + +L. personata + +are superficially similar in morphology and all share the character of conspicuous black calluses on subdigital lamellae, palmar, and plantar scales, whereas + +L. modesta + +lacks this scalation and has cream facial and axillary spots (shared by the + +whitii + +- complex) that are absent in the other rock-dwelling species. + + + + +Distribution and habitat. +The species’ distribution falls entirely within the Central Ranges bioregion ( +Thackway & Cresswell 1995 +) of +Australia +( +Figure 7 +). It occurs in rocky hills and gorges of the Mann and Musgrave Ranges ( +Figure 8 +), where it constructs burrow systems in the soil beneath boulders and into soil-filled rock crevices. It is possible that the species also occurs outside of SA, where sections of the Mann and Musgrave Ranges extend slightly into the southern NT; however, there are no records outside of SA at present. It is primarily diurnal but occasionally active at night in hot weather. + + + + +FIGURE 8. +Habitat at the type locality of + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +at Alalkanya Gorge, South Australia, 13 km north of Pukatja, eastern side of Musgrave Ranges, June 2023. ( +A +) View of the gorge and surrounding rocky slopes and ranges, facing east. ( +B +) Boulder pile at the base of the gorge showing typical microhabitat used by the species; an adult specimen (GenBank: PQ067254) had constructed burrows into soil beneath these rocks. Photos: Jules Farquhar. + + + + +Conservation status. +There are few recorded locations for + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +given the remote region it occurs in; hence, current occurrence records may be insufficient at describing the species’ distribution. We inferred the species’ distribution based on the extent of rugged terrain in the Mann and Musgrave Ranges region (i.e. the two ranges with occurrence records for the species; +Figure 9 +). Based on these calculations the AOO is +c. +5,000 km +2 +(i.e. the area of rugged habitat in the region) and the EOO is +c. +14,500 km +2 +(i.e. the area of a minimum convex polygon encompassing the rugged habitat used for AOO). The EOO is less than a threshold in the IUCN criteria B (subcriterion B1; < +20,000 km +2 +; Vulnerable), and it likely meets the condition of occurring in ≤ 10 locations, but at present it remains unclear whether it meets the other conditions relating to severe fragmentation, or decline or extreme fluctuations in population or distribution ( +IUCN 2022 +). The geographic distribution of this species is sparselypopulated by humans and is extremely remote, thus populations are likely to be rarely impacted by anthropogenic disturbances. The impacts of feral predators and grazers, weed encroachment (e.g. buffel grass + +Cenchrus ciliaris + +), fire regimes and climate change on the species should be further investigated. However, the conservation status of + +Liopholis aputja + + +sp. nov. + +will be examined in further detail in a forthcoming paper. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/84/EC/CC/84ECCCF35A0F5166B8A24B7751726302.xml b/data/84/EC/CC/84ECCCF35A0F5166B8A24B7751726302.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa22f27f860 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/84/EC/CC/84ECCCF35A0F5166B8A24B7751726302.xml @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ + + + +Boreolimnus, a new leafhopper genus from northern North America, with a review of Cribrus Oman (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) + + + +Author + +Kits, Joel H. +0000-0003-2685-0567 +Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-11-07 + + +1217 + + +273 +290 + + + +journal article +305036 +10.3897/zookeys.1217.126602 +0e2e94f9-08f5-4c66-aeb7-279f2d8d4a3f +9FEA1FAE-E60C-42FA-AB32-91E73F7D9C6B + + + + + +Cribrus + +Oman +, 1949 + + + + + + +Type species. + + + + +Laevicephalus shingwauki +Beamer & Tuthill, 1934 + +, by original designation ( + + +Oman +1949: 166 + + +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Separated from other genera of +Paralimnini +by the following combination of characters: male subgenital plates with uniseriate macrosetae, plates truncate and shorter than pygofer; pygofer without processes; pygofer with a prominent pair of dorsal spots; connective linear with posterior stem about as long as wide (connective loop-shaped sensu +Emeljanov (1999) +); aedeagus with swollen atrium, short shaft with apical gonopore and one pair of apical processes; frontoclypeus and pronotum with longitudinal stripes; wings usually brachypterous, fore wing with three closed anteapical cells. + + + + +Description. + + +Small leafhoppers with typical +Paralimnini +structure. Colour generally stramineous, head and pronotum with longitudinal stripes, wing with indistinct brown infuscation around cell borders (Figs +26–31 +). + + +Head with crown bluntly angled, medial length about equal to width between eyes (Figs +26 +, +27 +). Crown glabrous at base, margin and face shagreen. Lateral frontal sutures terminating just ventral of ocelli, ocelli about their own diameter distant from eye (Fig. +30 +). Mesal margin of eye notched. Anteclypeus with margins slightly convex, distal third distinctly tapered. Lorum about half width of anteclypeus, well separated from genal margin. Antennae about as long as head width. + + + + + + + +Cribrus concinnus + +26 +dorsal habitus, male +27 +dorsal habitus, female +28 +abdomen ventral, female +29 +lateral habitus, male +30 +face +31 +lateral habitus, female +32 +male pygofer, dorsal +33 +male pygofer, lateral +34 +male subgenital plate, styles, connective, dorsal 35 aedeagus, caudal +36 +aedeagus, lateral +37 +female genital capsule, ventral +38 +first valvifer, lateral, with enlargement +39 +second valvifers, lateral, with enlargement +40 +female sternite VII, ventral. + + +Pronotum slightly narrower than width of head across eyes, about as long as medial length of head. Fore femur with AM 1 near ventral margin, row IC with a few fine setae, row AV consisting of a few, widely spaced, very short setae. Fore tibia with 1 AD and 4 PD macrosetae. Hind femur with 2 + 2 + 1 macrosetae. First hind tarsomere with two rows of plantar setae, four apical platellae between a pair of longer normal setae. Fore wing with three closed anteapical cells, although venation may be distorted due to brachyptery. + +Male abdomen with apodemes on sternite II poorly developed, shorter than width. Pygofer about twice as long as wide, with a patch of long macrosetae posterodorsally and a few small macrosetae scattered ventrally (Figs +32 +, +33 +). Pygofer dorsally with a pair of heavily sclerotized spots basal to segment X. Segment X about as long as wide, completely sclerotized dorsally and laterally. Valve parabolic. Subgenital plates truncate, shorter than pygofer, bearing a single row of macrosetae laterally (Fig. +34 +). Connective with arms fused anteriorly, tapered towards posterior end, stem abruptly broadened apically, wider than arms. Style apophysis with lateral lobe weakly developed, medial lobe with corrugated sculpture but no distinct teeth. Aedeagus with swollen atrium, shaft very short with apical gonopore, with one pair of apical processes (Figs +35 +, +36 +). + + +Female pygofer with moderate length macrosetae (Fig. +37 +). Ovipositor not projecting beyond pygofer. Gonoplac without macrosetae. First valvula slightly concave; sculpture imbricate dorsally and strigate ventrally (Fig. +38 +). Second valvulae evenly tapered distally, with rounded teeth decreasing in size distally (Fig. +39 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C9/68/3B/C9683B9290365B81A69510052B89DBF0.xml b/data/C9/68/3B/C9683B9290365B81A69510052B89DBF0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ac8bc9cf12 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C9/68/3B/C9683B9290365B81A69510052B89DBF0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,668 @@ + + + +Boreolimnus, a new leafhopper genus from northern North America, with a review of Cribrus Oman (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) + + + +Author + +Kits, Joel H. +0000-0003-2685-0567 +Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-11-07 + + +1217 + + +273 +290 + + + +journal article +305036 +10.3897/zookeys.1217.126602 +0e2e94f9-08f5-4c66-aeb7-279f2d8d4a3f +9FEA1FAE-E60C-42FA-AB32-91E73F7D9C6B + + + + + +Cribrus concinnus +(Sanders & DeLong) + + + + + +Figs 26–40 +, +41–43 +, +44–47 + + + + + + + +Deltocephalus concinnus + +Sanders & DeLong 1917: 86 +. + + + + + + + + + +Laevicephalus concinnus +(Sanders & DeLong) + +: Comb. +Beamer and Tuthill 1934 + +. + + + + + + +Cribrus concinnus +(Sanders & DeLong) + +: Comb. +Ross and Hamilton 1972 + +. + + + + + += + + +Deltocephalus plagus +Ball & DeLong, 1926: 241 + + +. New synonym. + + + + + + += + + +Laevicephalus shingwauki +Beamer & Tuthill, 1934: 19 + + +. New synonym. + + + + + + +Description. + + +Males +2.5–2.8 mm +. Females +3.3–3.6 mm +. + +Colour mostly light yellow, with two light brown longitudinal stripes on crown and four longitudinal stripes on pronotum. Legs with dark spots at bases of macrosetae. Abdominal tergites with four brown to black longitudinal stripes usually apparent. Abdominal sternites may have lateral brown markings. Fore wing pale brown with indistinct darker brown infuscation around border of cells. Wing length variable in females, from fully macropterous to brachypterous with fore wing reaching apex of tergite VI and hind wing reaching apex of tergite II. Males brachypterous with fore wing reaching base to midpoint of pygofer and hind wing reaching apex of tergite II to III. +Subgenital plates bearing a single row of approximately seven macrosetae laterally. Style with medial lobe of apophysis finger-shaped. Aedeagus with long apical processes curving toward base, sculptured with complex ridges. + +Female sternite VII rectangular, posterior corners rounded, posterior margin straight to moderately convex, may have slight projections medially and laterally (Fig. +40 +). Gonoplac pale. Base of first valvula in ventral view elongate (Fig. +37 +). + + + + +Material examined. + + + + +Lectotype + +of + + +Deltocephalus concinnus +Sanders & DeLong + + +(here designated). +USA +• +♀ +; +Wisconsin +, +Ladysmith +; + +9 Aug. 1916 + +; +D. M. DeLong +leg.; + +OSUC + +, + +OSUC +0171752 + +. + + + + + +Holotype + +of + + +Deltocephalus plagus +Ball & DeLong + +. + +USA +• +♀ +( +specimen +missing from point, not examined); +Wisconsin +, +Madison +; + +21 Sep. 1917 + +; +E. D. Ball +leg.; + +USNM + +. + + + + + +Holotype + +of + + +Laevicephalus shingwauki +Beamer & Tuthill + +. + +USA +• +♂ +(apparently lost, not examined); +Minnesota +, +Aitkin +; + +25 Aug. 1933 + +; +P. B. Lawson +leg.; + +SEMC + +. + + + + + +Other material. + + + +USA +– + +Illinois + +• +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +; + +3 mi +W Kankakee + +; + +25 Aug. 1980 + +; +K. G. A. Hamilton +leg.; + +CNC + + +• + +24 ♀ +; +Fox Lake +; + +26 Jun. 1935 + +; +DeLong +& +Ross +leg.; + +INHS + + +• + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +; +Fox Lake +; + +6 Aug. 1935 + +; +DeLong +& +Ross +leg.; + +INHS + + +• + +3 ♀ +; +Fox Lake +; + +26 Jun. 1936 + +; +Frison +& +DeLong +leg.; + +INHS + + +• + +8 ♂ +, +7 ♀ +, 2 nymphs, approximately 20 unmounted specimens in a capsule; +Iroquois Co. +, + +7 mi +NE Beaverville + +; + +25 Sep. 1962 + +; +Ross +& +Ross +leg.; + +from + +Calamagrostis canadensis + + +; GL 177; + +CNC + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Zion +; + +16 Jun. 1954 + +; +Sanderson +& +Moore +leg.; + +CNC + + +. – + + +Wisconsin + +• +1 ♂ +; +Juneau Co. +, + +6 mi +NE Mather + +; + +17 Jul. 1963 + +; +Smith +& +Stannard +leg.; GL 654; + +CNC + + +• + +8 ♀ +; +Wood Co. +; + +16 Jul. 1963 + +; +Stannard +& +Smith +leg.; GL 666; + +CNC + + +. + + + + +Remarks. + + +All males examined are brachypterous and clearly belong to a single species with distinctive genitalia. Females differing in wing length were previously treated as distinct species (e. g. +DeLong 1948 +), but other structural features and colour pattern are consistent among specimens with different length wings. The examined series from Fox Lake, +Illinois +, collected on +30 June 1935 +, includes 23 brachypterous females with fore wing reaching the apex of tergites VI to VII and hind wing reaching the apex of tergites II to IV (all identified by D. DeLong as “ + +Laevicephalus shingwauki + +”) (Figs +41 +, +42 +) and one macropterous female with fore and hind wings both exceeding the tip of the abdomen (identified by D. DeLong as “ + +Laevicephalus concinnus + +”) (Fig. +43 +). The specimens are otherwise inseparable, and the best explanation for the wing length variation among females is the presence of a rare macropterous morph within a single species. Synonymies in the genus are complicated by the apparent loss of the type material of + +C. plagus + +and + +C. shingwauki + +, but the available evidence suggests both be treated as junior synonyms of + +C. concinnus + +. With the synonymies proposed here, + +Cribrus + +becomes a monotypic genus including only + +C. concinnus + +. + + + + + + + +Cribrus concinnus + +, dorsal habitus. Females collected at Fox Lake, Illinois, 30 June 1935. Horizontal lines mark apex of hind wing +41 +shorter-winged brachypter, right forewing missing +42 +longer-winged brachypter +43 +macropter. + + + +Sanders and DeLong (1917) +described + +D. concinnus + +from +two female +syntypes +from the same locality. One of these was apparently later designated as the +holotype +of + +D. concinnus var. incisurus + +as discussed above. There is no published +lectotype +designation for + +D. concinnus + +, and so I here designate the other +syntype +(Figs +44–47 +) as +lectotype +to stabilize the application of the name. This appears to be the specimen illustrated under this name by +Sanders and DeLong (1917) +and +DeLong (1926) +. The specimen was labelled as “ +holotype +” in DeLong’s collection in + +OSUC + +. However, this label was probably added later by another worker (L. Musetti pers. comm. 2022) and is incorrect, as no +holotype +was originally designated. The +lectotype +is a macropterous specimen, but it is otherwise indistinguishable from other female specimens of the species. + + + + + + + +Deltocephalus concinnus +Sanders & DeLong + +, lectotype +44 +dorsal habitus +45 +lateral habitus +46 +abdomen, ventral +47 +labels. + + + +The +holotype +of + +D. plagus + +is missing from the point, with only a leg remaining (S. McKamey pers. comm. 2022). The original description and illustrations are both good matches to brachypterous females of this species. + +Oman +(1949) + +suggested + +D. plagus + +was probably a synonym of + +C. shingwauki + +, although he did not formally synonymize them. + + +The +holotype +and a male +paratype +of + +Laevicephalus shingwauki + +are stated in the original description to be deposited in the + +SEMC + +, but they can not be located there now (R. Osborn pers. comm. 2024). +Beamer and Tuthill (1934) +separated their species from + +C. concinnus + +based on the smaller size, shorter wings, and abdominal colouration, although they speculated it might actually be the male of the former. +Ross and Hamilton (1972) +later also suggested that + +C. concinnus + +was “ close to if not the same species as + +C. shingwauki + +. ” Although the internal genitalia of the type series were not described, the description of the external characters and illustration of the external genitalia are a clear match to the present concept. The differences in size and abdominal colouration mentioned by +Beamer and Tuthill (1934) +both represent sexual dimorphism within the species. + + +Females of this species can be separated from + +Boreolimnus + +and other Nearctic +Paralimnini +with longitudinal stripes on the head and pronotum based on the longitudinal dorsal stripes on the abdomen, outer anteapical cell well developed and closed by crossvein s, sternite VII entirely pale with rounded posterior corners and without medial emargination, and pale gonoplacs. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Found in the midwestern +United States +( +Minnesota +to +Indiana +), around the eastern margin of the tallgrass prairie region (Fig. +25 +). + + + + +Host plants. + + +Associated with + +Calamagrostis + +, usually in mesic to wet prairie or wetlands ( +DeLong 1948 +; +Panzer et al. 2003 +; J. Bess pers. comm.; examined specimens). + + + + \ No newline at end of file