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<document id="8ACC6A65B0E64DF2FC7046ECEEB44697" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5653.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15820974" ID-ZooBank="88EB908A-FBE4-4DC1-B5FD-DA4ACB3D6942" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1751798624425" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dorji, Cheten, Morgan-Richards, Mary &amp; Trewick, Steven A." docDate="2025" docId="914C87C72408FFF56AA7FB03FCA1F921" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5653.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5653 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5653.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diarhaphidophora;Eurhaphidophora;Minirhaphidophora;Neorhaphidophora;Pararhaphidophora;Raphidophora;Rhadiphora;Rhaphidophora;Rhaphidophorus;Sinorhaphidophora;Stonychophora" docType="key" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="6D75FFBF241FFFE26A30FF8EF93DFFD9" masterDocTitle="Little-known wingless crickets of Bhutan (Rhaphidophoridae): discovery and description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1751988999760" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D71A0878DCF7D378BE24A7B43ABC6E26">Little-known wingless crickets of Bhutan (Rhaphidophoridae): discovery and description of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="00A6B9270E059AE58E06CEEAA0698AD9">Dorji, Cheten</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="00FDEDBAFE248D7B757E2AB5CA148D18" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8729-5133</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F296331DF9A540D508B2955910ED0357">Wildlife &amp; Ecology, SFTNS, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand &amp; College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Punakha, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="76195A464AD2161B3B277AD894C81376" type="email">C.Dorji@massey.ac.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="17903D0D29B25D0C18A4C66E6ABC650F">Morgan-Richards, Mary</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EF5C5861197A00F286E4B36BE6237162" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3913-9814</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FEF13029D984CE379758E37E8258536C">Wildlife &amp; Ecology, SFTNS, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="41ECD8D3DD3D59CE8CE05BAFD6DE160E" type="email">M.Morgan-Richards@massey.ac.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2A691CFF41FA33BB7A119342D09EF7AE">Trewick, Steven A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="810418D9BF6552778C3FDB7C34AEAF68" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-8457</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B351BDE5AF99E26335702DA942D166C0">Wildlife &amp; Ecology, SFTNS, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="63CBF63A81E380ACE35A01A386635AA5" type="email">S.Trewick@massey.ac.nz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="F4C6822114B5463944899EA55CD5739F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B95C1419790173DE89F982AA3AA87AD3">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="22D7B685959DCB408BB1C0698CB50D75">5653</mods:number>
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<treatment id="914C87C72408FFF56AA7FB03FCA1F921" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:914C87C72408FFF56AA7FB03FCA1F921" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/914C87C72408FFF56AA7FB03FCA1F921" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="51FF655A2408FFF56AA7FB03FB28FB7E" box="[151,533,1165,1191]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FB03FB28FB7E" blockId="23.[151,1165,1165,1192]" box="[151,533,1165,1191]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="421281BD2408FFF56AA7FB03FB28FB7E" bold="true" box="[151,533,1165,1191]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56AA7FB03FB28FB7E" bold="true" box="[151,533,1165,1191]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56B2FFB03FB2DFB7E" ID-CoL="8NL2F" box="[287,528,1165,1191]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhaphidophorinae">Rhaphidophorinae</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="51FF655A2408FFF5682DFB00FDB0FB71" box="[541,1165,1165,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF5682DFB00FDB0FB71" blockId="23.[151,1165,1165,1192]" box="[541,1165,1165,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="421281BD2408FFF5682DFB00FDB0FB71" bold="true" box="[541,1165,1165,1192]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF5682DFB00FDB0FB71" bold="true" box="[541,1165,1165,1192]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Key to the known male Bhutanese
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF569FEFB03FDB0FB71" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" box="[974,1165,1165,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF569FEFB03FDB0FB71" bold="true" box="[974,1165,1165,1192]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Rhaphidophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="51FF655A2408FFF56AA7FB5DFCA1F921" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="key">
<key id="6D7461E02408FFF56AA7FB5DFCA1F921" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FB5DFCA1FADC" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FB5DFCA1FADC" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
1) Male epiproct more or less specialised bearing a projection or a curved, narrowed or bifurcate apex (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56E97FB5DFDC3FB31" box="[1191,1278,1235,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,185,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[151,1435,179,1362]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Rhaphidophora bhutanensis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5483; NBCB145): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head showing 4 vertical short black strips on the face. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing epiproct projection (blue arrow) and ventral triangular basal plate of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) latero-posterior views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821013/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F38FB5DFC6AFB30" box="[1288,1367,1235,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,455,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[151,1435,450,1784]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rhaphidophora bilobata sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5505; NBCB142): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing a pair of distal projections of epiproct (blue arrow) and elongated ventral basal plate lobes of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Dorsal view of lower abdomen. (G) Dorsal part of epiproct. (H) Lateral view of lower abdomen. Female (MPN_CW5544; NBCB151): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor. (J) Ventral view of subgenital plate. (K) Lateral view of hind basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821019/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig.16H</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F46FB5DF831FADC" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,456,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-139@22.[151,1435,450,1440]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 17. Rhaphidophora piscicauda sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5475; NBCB143): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing quadrate shaped ventral basal plate of epiproct (red arrow) with a pair of sclerotised apical spines. (F) Lateral and (G) dorsal views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821025/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
)............................................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FA80FCA1FA84" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FA80FCA1FA84" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male epiproct simple without long projection, disc oval, carinated all around, only at apex almost flat surface with a pair of short lateral spines directing downwards (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56843FAA5FBDAFA98" box="[627,743,1323,1345]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1700,1724]" captionTargetBox="[156,1426,669,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-183@19.[151,1435,664,1673]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 15. Rhaphidophora bicuspis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5529; NBCB144): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body showing pronotal brown spot (pink arrow). (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of epiproct showing triangular ventral basal plate with triangular sclerotised apical spine (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) ventral views lower abdomen showing a pair of sclerotised points (cusps) on distal margin of epiproct (blue arrows). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821017/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 15F–G</figureCitation>
); ventral basal plate of epiproct triangular, gradually forming into single sclerotised spine (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56BBEFAC6F8DFFA87" box="[398,482,1352,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1700,1724]" captionTargetBox="[156,1426,669,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-183@19.[151,1435,664,1673]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 15. Rhaphidophora bicuspis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5529; NBCB144): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body showing pronotal brown spot (pink arrow). (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of epiproct showing triangular ventral basal plate with triangular sclerotised apical spine (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) ventral views lower abdomen showing a pair of sclerotised points (cusps) on distal margin of epiproct (blue arrows). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821017/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
)..............................................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56ED0FAC7FC77FA84" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1248,1354,1352,1374]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicuspis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56ED0FAC7FC77FA84" box="[1248,1354,1352,1374]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. bicuspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60FAC6FCA1FA84" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1352,1373]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60FAC6FCA1FA84" box="[1360,1436,1352,1373]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</keyStep>
<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FAE8FCA1FA0A" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FAE8FCA1FA41" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FAE8FCA1FA41" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2) Male epiproct less specialised, longer than wide; ventral basal plate of epiproct without any evident projections or specialisation........................................................................................ 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FA2EFCA1FA0A" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FA2EFCA1FA0A" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male epiproct short slightly curved upward at apex (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF568E9FA2EFA10FA6C" box="[729,813,1440,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,185,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[151,1435,179,1362]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Rhaphidophora bhutanensis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5483; NBCB145): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head showing 4 vertical short black strips on the face. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing epiproct projection (blue arrow) and ventral triangular basal plate of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) latero-posterior views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821013/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF5697BFA2EFAA2FA6F" box="[843,927,1440,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,455,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[151,1435,450,1784]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rhaphidophora bilobata sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5505; NBCB142): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing a pair of distal projections of epiproct (blue arrow) and elongated ventral basal plate lobes of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Dorsal view of lower abdomen. (G) Dorsal part of epiproct. (H) Lateral view of lower abdomen. Female (MPN_CW5544; NBCB151): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor. (J) Ventral view of subgenital plate. (K) Lateral view of hind basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821019/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
), ventral basal plate of epiproct specialised (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F7AFA2EFCA1FA6C" box="[1354,1436,1440,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,185,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[151,1435,179,1362]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Rhaphidophora bhutanensis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5483; NBCB145): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head showing 4 vertical short black strips on the face. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing epiproct projection (blue arrow) and ventral triangular basal plate of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) latero-posterior views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821013/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56ACBFA33F86CFA0A" box="[251,337,1469,1491]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,455,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[151,1435,450,1784]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rhaphidophora bilobata sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5505; NBCB142): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing a pair of distal projections of epiproct (blue arrow) and elongated ventral basal plate lobes of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Dorsal view of lower abdomen. (G) Dorsal part of epiproct. (H) Lateral view of lower abdomen. Female (MPN_CW5544; NBCB151): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor. (J) Ventral view of subgenital plate. (K) Lateral view of hind basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821019/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 16H</figureCitation>
)......................................................................................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FA55FCA1F991" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FA55FCA1F9D4" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FA55FCA1F9D4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
3) Male epiproct acute-triangular, disc carinated all around with a longitudinal groove towards apex, apex projecting behind elevated disc and with 2 obtuse dorsal small lobes.......................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56EACFA77FCA1F9D4" ID-CoL="4S3W4" authority="Ingrisch, 2002" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2002" box="[1180,1436,1528,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56EACFA77FC36F9D4" box="[1180,1291,1528,1550]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. angulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7D744B202408FFF56F22FA76FCA1F9D4" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1298,1436,1528,1550]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="123 - 159" refId="ref18318" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2002) Orthoptera from Bhutan, Nepal, and North India in the Natural History Museum Basel. Entomologica Basiliensia, 24, 123-159." type="journal article" year="2002">Ingrisch, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7F998FCA1F991" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7F998FCA1F991" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male epiproct longer than wide, dorsal surface shallowly curved projecting behind body; basal half broad and almost parallel thereafter with 2 obtuse lateral apices (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56866F9BDFBF7F991" box="[598,714,1587,1609]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1467,1491]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,456,1434]" captionTargetId="figure-139@22.[151,1435,450,1440]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 17. Rhaphidophora piscicauda sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5475; NBCB143): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing quadrate shaped ventral basal plate of epiproct (red arrow) with a pair of sclerotised apical spines. (F) Lateral and (G) dorsal views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821025/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 17F–G</figureCitation>
)..........................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56EF7F9BDFC77F991" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1223,1354,1587,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piscicauda" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56EF7F9BDFC77F991" box="[1223,1354,1587,1608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. piscicauda</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60F9BDFCA1F991" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1587,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60F9BDFCA1F991" box="[1360,1436,1587,1608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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4) Male epiproct oval, lateral margins not strongly curved but grooved dorsally with a conspicuous pair of projections on distal end directed slightly backwards; ventral basal plate of epiproct with a pair of swollen lobes directed upward and a small triangular sclerotised apical lobes (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56801F905FB9EF979" box="[561,675,1675,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,185,1356]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[151,1435,179,1362]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Rhaphidophora bhutanensis sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5483; NBCB145): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head showing 4 vertical short black strips on the face. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing epiproct projection (blue arrow) and ventral triangular basal plate of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Lateral and (G) latero-posterior views of lower abdomen. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821013/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 14E–G</figureCitation>
)...........................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56E8CF905FC77F979" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1212,1354,1675,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhutanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56E8CF905FC77F979" box="[1212,1354,1675,1696]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. bhutanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60F905FCA1F979" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1675,1696]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60F905FCA1F979" box="[1360,1436,1675,1696]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7F927FCA1F921" blockId="23.[151,1437,1235,1785]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7F927FCA1F921" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male epiproct oval, lateral margins less curved but deeply grooved in dorsal view and with a pair of projections on the distal end directed slightly upwards; ventral basal plate of epiproct with a pair of large lobes directed upward away from each other, apical with a pair of sclerotised ventral margin spines (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF568C0F96DFA5FF920" box="[752,866,1763,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,455,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-61@20.[151,1435,450,1784]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rhaphidophora bilobata sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5505; NBCB142): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of body. (C) Anterior view of head. (D) Lateral view of hind femur and basitarsus. (E) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing a pair of distal projections of epiproct (blue arrow) and elongated ventral basal plate lobes of epiproct (red arrow). (F) Dorsal view of lower abdomen. (G) Dorsal part of epiproct. (H) Lateral view of lower abdomen. Female (MPN_CW5544; NBCB151): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor. (J) Ventral view of subgenital plate. (K) Lateral view of hind basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821019/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 16E–H</figureCitation>
)..............................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56EEFF96DFC77F921" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1247,1354,1763,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Rhaphidophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bilobata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56EEFF96DFC77F921" box="[1247,1354,1763,1784]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. bilobata</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60F96DFCA1F921" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1763,1784]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60F96DFCA1F921" box="[1360,1436,1763,1784]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Subfamily
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:
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Key to the known male Bhutanese
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1) Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF5680AFE6FFB78FE34" attach="left" box="[570,581,481,493]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite long covering paraproct from above (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56E6FFE6FFD9BFE2E" box="[1119,1190,481,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,248,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[151,1435,179,1107]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Diestramima tsongkhapa. Male: (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing finger-like distal part of paraproct (green arrows). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing notched apex of 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing high profile 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view abdomen. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female: (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) crenulated apex on lower valves. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820991/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56EF5FE6FFC31FE2E" box="[1221,1292,481,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1168,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-387@10.[151,1435,1168,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Diestramima minjiwoonga sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5484; NBCB147): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing characteristic black spots on dorsal side of paraprocts. (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral view of lower abdomen showing 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow). (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820997/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
).......... 2
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- Male posteromedian projection of 7
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abdominal tergite short covering only proximal half of paraproct (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56E8FFE71FC34FDCD" box="[1215,1289,511,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,925,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-257@9.[151,1435,919,1809]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Diestramima matermagna sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5486; NBCB146): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow) and truncate or slightly convex apex (pink arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5487; NBCB152): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) finely serrated apex. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820993/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F22FE71FC65FDCD" box="[1298,1368,511,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1166,1190]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,180,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[151,1435,179,1140]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Diestramima multidenticuli sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5500; NBCB148): A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral view of lower abdomen showing short narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and truncated apex (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5534; NBC153): (I) Lateral view of abdomen. (J) Lateral view of ovipositor. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821001/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F46FE71F837FDE8" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,236,1081]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[151,1435,235,1081]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Diestramima samkhara sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5541; NBCB150): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short projection of 7th tergite (pink arrow). (C) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing dorsal shallow groove (pink arrow) and little notched apex (blue arrow) on projection of 7th abdominal tergite. (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral views of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5478; NBCB155): (I) Dorsal view of body. (J) Female variation: Dorsal view of body showing metanotum and 1st tergite dorsomedial white spots (blue arrows). (K) Lateral view of ovipositor. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821009/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
).................................................................. ………………………….………….4
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<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FDB7FCA1FD1D" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FDB7FCA1FD50" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FDB7FCA1FD50" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
2) Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF56870FDB7FB76FD9C" attach="left" box="[576,587,569,581]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite without prominent formation of lateral ridges (concave) in proximal half surface, apex obtusely rounded with inconspicuous notch; paraproct triangular with a short finger-like projection (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F45FDD9F827FD50" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,1168,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-387@10.[151,1435,1168,1855]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Diestramima minjiwoonga sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5484; NBCB147): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing characteristic black spots on dorsal side of paraprocts. (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral view of lower abdomen showing 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow). (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820997/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8C–E</figureCitation>
)...........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56E9FFDFBFC74FD53" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1199,1353,629,650]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minjiwoonga" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56E9FFDFBFC74FD53" box="[1199,1353,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. minjiwoonga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60FDFAFCA1FD50" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,628,649]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60FDFAFCA1FD50" box="[1360,1436,628,649]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FD1CFCA1FD1D" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FD1CFCA1FD1D" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male posteromedian projection of 7
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abdominal tergite rather high with lateral ridges in proximal half, apex distinctly notched (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56AD9FD21F80EFD1C" box="[233,307,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,248,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[151,1435,179,1107]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Diestramima tsongkhapa. Male: (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing finger-like distal part of paraproct (green arrows). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing notched apex of 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing high profile 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view abdomen. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female: (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) crenulated apex on lower valves. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820991/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56B0DFD21F8ACFD1D" box="[317,401,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,865,889]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,184,834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,179,839]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5509; NBCB149): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen. (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing flat and parallel distal half of 7th abdominal tergites (blue arrow) and dorsal pale medial line on abdomen (green arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (blue arrow) and dichotomous apex of 7th abdominal tergite. (F) Dorsal view of body, showing pale median line (green arrow), dorsal median white spot on metanotum and 1st tergite (pink arrows), and long 7th abdominal tergite projection (blue arrow). (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821003/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
, &amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56B84FD21FB36FD1D" box="[436,523,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1071,1095]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,186,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-24@14.[151,1436,179,1048]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male (MPN_CW5508): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (pink arrow) on proximal half and flat apex on distal half (blue arrow) of 7th abdominal tergite projection. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing dichotomous apex (blue arrow). Female (MPN_CW5510; NBCB154): (D) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (E) Lateral view of ovipositor showing fine serration on lower valve (pink arrow). (F) Ventral view of subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821005/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
); paraproct long and finger-like projection in distal half (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56E1EFD21FD44FD1C" box="[1070,1145,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,248,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[151,1435,179,1107]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Diestramima tsongkhapa. Male: (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing finger-like distal part of paraproct (green arrows). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing notched apex of 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing high profile 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view abdomen. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female: (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) crenulated apex on lower valves. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820991/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56EB3FD21FDE4FD1D" box="[1155,1241,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,865,889]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,184,834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,179,839]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5509; NBCB149): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen. (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing flat and parallel distal half of 7th abdominal tergites (blue arrow) and dorsal pale medial line on abdomen (green arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (blue arrow) and dichotomous apex of 7th abdominal tergite. (F) Dorsal view of body, showing pale median line (green arrow), dorsal median white spot on metanotum and 1st tergite (pink arrows), and long 7th abdominal tergite projection (blue arrow). (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821003/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
, &amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56ECCFD21FC72FD1D" box="[1276,1359,687,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1071,1095]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,186,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-24@14.[151,1436,179,1048]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male (MPN_CW5508): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (pink arrow) on proximal half and flat apex on distal half (blue arrow) of 7th abdominal tergite projection. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing dichotomous apex (blue arrow). Female (MPN_CW5510; NBCB154): (D) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (E) Lateral view of ovipositor showing fine serration on lower valve (pink arrow). (F) Ventral view of subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821005/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
).... 3
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<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FD42FCA1FC8E" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FD42FCA1FD26" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FD42FCA1FD26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
3) Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF56870FD45FB76FD0E" attach="left" box="[576,587,715,727]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite gradually narrowing with distinct expanded notched apex; paraproct long with finger-like projection in distal half (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF568AAFD67FA3FFD26" box="[666,770,745,767]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,248,1132,1156]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1103]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[151,1435,179,1107]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Diestramima tsongkhapa. Male: (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing finger-like distal part of paraproct (green arrows). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing notched apex of 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing high profile 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view abdomen. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female: (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) crenulated apex on lower valves. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820991" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820991/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6C–E</figureCitation>
)..............................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56E44FD64FCA1FD26" ID-CoL="8PYB6" authority="(Wurmli, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Wurmli" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1140,1436,745,767]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsongkhapa">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56E44FD64FC3DFD27" box="[1140,1280,745,767]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. tsongkhapa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D744B202408FFF56F3CFD67FCA8FD26" author="Wurmli, M." box="[1292,1429,745,767]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="337 - 347" refId="ref19140" refString="Wurmli, M. (1973) Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Orthoptera: Gryllacridoidea. Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel, 83, 337-347." type="journal article" year="1973">Würmli, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FC89FCA1FC8E" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FC89FCA1FC8E" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF5680CFC88FB7AFCCB" attach="left" box="[572,583,774,786]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite long, obviously surpassing paraproct, parallel from both sides, almost flat and curved downwards in distal half with apex curved inwards and acutely notched (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56E05FCAAFD9EFCE0" box="[1077,1187,804,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,865,889]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,184,834]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,179,839]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5509; NBCB149): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen. (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing flat and parallel distal half of 7th abdominal tergites (blue arrow) and dorsal pale medial line on abdomen (green arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (blue arrow) and dichotomous apex of 7th abdominal tergite. (F) Dorsal view of body, showing pale median line (green arrow), dorsal median white spot on metanotum and 1st tergite (pink arrows), and long 7th abdominal tergite projection (blue arrow). (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821003/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10C–F</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56EF2FCAAFC0FFCE0" box="[1218,1330,804,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1071,1095]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,186,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-24@14.[151,1436,179,1048]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Diestramima phubdorjia sp. nov. Male (MPN_CW5508): (A) Lateral and (B) dorsal views of lower abdomen showing lateral curving (pink arrow) on proximal half and flat apex on distal half (blue arrow) of 7th abdominal tergite projection. (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing dichotomous apex (blue arrow). Female (MPN_CW5510; NBCB154): (D) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (E) Lateral view of ovipositor showing fine serration on lower valve (pink arrow). (F) Ventral view of subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821005/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11B–C</figureCitation>
)..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56EF0FCCCFC74FC8F" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1216,1353,833,855]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phubdorjia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56EF0FCCCFC74FC8F" box="[1216,1353,833,855]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. phubdorjia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F7EFCCCFCA1FC8E" box="[1358,1436,834,855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F7EFCCCFCABFC8E" bold="true" box="[1358,1430,834,855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FCD1FCA1FC14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FCD1FCA1FC4B" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FCD1FCA1FC4B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
4) Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF5680FFCD0FB77FCB3" attach="left" box="[575,586,862,874]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite straight and flat but shallowly grooved from dorsomedial until apex, almost parallel lateral edges and truncate with small notch at median part of apex (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF569CAFCF2FD51FC48" box="[1018,1132,892,914]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1107,1131]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,236,1081]" captionTargetId="figure-41@15.[151,1435,235,1081]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Diestramima samkhara sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5541; NBCB150): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short projection of 7th tergite (pink arrow). (C) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing dorsal shallow groove (pink arrow) and little notched apex (blue arrow) on projection of 7th abdominal tergite. (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral views of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5478; NBCB155): (I) Dorsal view of body. (J) Female variation: Dorsal view of body showing metanotum and 1st tergite dorsomedial white spots (blue arrows). (K) Lateral view of ovipositor. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821009/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12B–C</figureCitation>
).......
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56EFCFCF3FC74FC48" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1228,1353,892,914]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="samkhara" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56EFCFCF3FC74FC48" box="[1228,1353,892,914]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. samkhara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F7EFCF2FCABFC48" bold="true" box="[1358,1430,892,913]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FC14FCA1FC14" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FC14FCA1FC14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
- Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF56809FC17FB79FC7C" attach="left" box="[569,580,921,933]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite high and slightly curved gradually narrowing towards apex (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56F0CFC17FCBEFC76" box="[1340,1411,921,943]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,925,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-257@9.[151,1435,919,1809]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Diestramima matermagna sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5486; NBCB146): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow) and truncate or slightly convex apex (pink arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5487; NBCB152): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) finely serrated apex. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820993/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56AD2FC39F9C3FC15" box="[226,254,951,972]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1166,1190]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,180,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[151,1435,179,1140]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Diestramima multidenticuli sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5500; NBCB148): A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral view of lower abdomen showing short narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and truncated apex (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5534; NBC153): (I) Lateral view of abdomen. (J) Lateral view of ovipositor. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821001/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9E</figureCitation>
)................................................................................................ 5
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<keyStep id="A2112E742408FFF56AA7FC5AFCA1FB86" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FC5AFCA1FBDE" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<keyLead id="A21495E42408FFF56AA7FC5AFCA1FBDE" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
5) Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF56872FC5DFB70FC06" attach="left" box="[578,589,979,991]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite very short not extending beyond tenth tergite, gradually narrowing, truncate or slightly convex apex (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56813FC7FFBB0FBDE" box="[547,653,1009,1031]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,925,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-257@9.[151,1435,919,1809]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Diestramima matermagna sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5486; NBCB146): (A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal view of lower abdomen showing narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (blue arrow) and truncate or slightly convex apex (pink arrow). (E) Lateral view of lower abdomen. (F) Dorsal view of body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5487; NBCB152): (I) Lateral view of ovipositor and (J) finely serrated apex. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate. Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15820993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15820993/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7B–D</figureCitation>
). Adult female larger than adult male................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56E83FC7CFC74FBDE" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1203,1353,1010,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matermagna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56E83FC7CFC74FBDE" box="[1203,1353,1010,1031]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. matermagna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60FC7CFCA1FBDE" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1010,1031]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60FC7CFCA1FBDE" box="[1360,1436,1010,1031]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195A36D12408FFF56AA7FB81FCA1FB86" blockId="23.[151,1437,481,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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- Male posteromedian projection of 7
<superScript id="EE909B992408FFF5680FFB80FB77FBC3" attach="left" box="[575,586,1038,1050]" fontSize="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">th</superScript>
abdominal tergite short covering proximal half of paraproct, narrowing to form almost parallel edges towards apex, truncate apex with slightly bent downwards (
<figureCitation id="81DE2A542408FFF56990FBA2FD3BFB98" box="[928,1030,1068,1090]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1166,1190]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,180,1140]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[151,1435,179,1140]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Diestramima multidenticuli sp. nov. Male holotype (MPN_CW5500; NBCB148): A) Anterior view of head. (B) Lateral view of body showing short paraproct (green arrow). (C) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing short triangular paraproct (green arrow). (D) Dorsal and (E) lateral view of lower abdomen showing short narrowing 7th abdominal tergite (pink arrow) and truncated apex (blue arrow). (F) Dorsal view body. (G) Lateral view of hind femur and (H) basitarsus. Female (MPN_CW5534; NBC153): (I) Lateral view of abdomen. (J) Lateral view of ovipositor. (K) Ventral view of lower abdomen showing subgenital plate (pink arrow). Scale bars = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15821001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15821001/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 9B–E</figureCitation>
). Superior prolateral and retrolateral edges of hind tibiae bear&gt;50 minute spines..................................................
<taxonomicName id="DEE54D522408FFF56E97FBC4FC74FB87" authorityName="Dorji &amp; Morgan-Richards &amp; Trewick" authorityYear="2025" box="[1191,1353,1097,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Rhaphidophoridae" genus="Diestramima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidenticuli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56E97FBC4FC74FB87" box="[1191,1353,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D. multidenticuli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2B91EAC32408FFF56F60FBC4FCA1FB86" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1098,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30A257B82408FFF56F60FBC4FCA1FB86" box="[1360,1436,1098,1119]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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