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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532" ID-GBIF-Dataset="353d0a27-32f0-4015-86f7-b60eed07bceb" ID-PMC="PMC7738470" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-169-99" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1963D0A39F2B591E8BFDC11579CC4323" ID-PubMed="33354141" ModsDocID="1314-2003-169-99" checkinTime="1607471176246" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lavandero, Nicolas, Rosende, Benito &amp; Perez, Maria Fernanda" docDate="2020" docId="C2CD131A1BBA53028CC7F0723D7790DF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 169: 99-117" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 169" docPubDate="2020-12-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532" docTitle="Leucheria cantillanensis Lavandero 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="1963D0A39F2B591E8BFDC11579CC4323" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="1963D0A39F2B591E8BFDC11579CC4323" masterDocTitle="Leucheria cantillanensis (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae), a new species endemic to Central Chile" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1668140168933" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Leucheria cantillanensis (Nassauvieae, Asteraceae), a new species endemic to Central Chile</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lavandero, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-5078</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador B. O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile &amp; Instituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad (IEB), Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">nglavand@uc.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rosende, Benito</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador B. O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Perez, Maria Fernanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador B. O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile &amp; Instituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad (IEB), Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2020-12-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>169</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>99</mods:start>
<mods:end>117</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-169-99</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1963D0A39F2B591E8BFDC11579CC4323</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170719407" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2CD131A1BBA53028CC7F0723D7790DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2CD131A1BBA53028CC7F0723D7790DF" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName LSID="C2CD131A-1BBA-5302-8CC7-F0723D7790DF" authority="Lavandero" authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis" status="sp. nov.">Leucheria cantillanensis Lavandero</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="99">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Leucheria cantillanensis Lavandero, sp. nov. A capitulum, sideways view B capitulum, detail of Middle involucral bracts C leaves D capitulum, upper view E plants growing in natural habitat F cypsela G detail of trichomes in cypsela. All photographs by Nicolas Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484182" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figures 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leucheria cantillanensis Lavandero, sp. nov. A habit B capitulum C detail of flower D fruit E basal leaf F leaf trichome G stem trichome H inner Middle involucral bract I middle Middle involucral bract J outer Middle involucral bract K ciliate margin of inner Middle involucral bract (detail). Illustrations by Benito Rosende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484183" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. salina" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="salina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">L. salina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in its flat lamina and chartaceous texture (vs. foliar segments perpendicular or oblique to the lamina axis and leathery texture) (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Leaf morphology and habit of acaulescent / subacaulescent Leucheria from Central Chile A Leucheria scrobiculata (NL 433, CONC), inset: Habit B Leucheria candidissima (Lavandero, Santilli &amp; Ossa 36, CONC), inset: Habit C Leucheria salina (Lavandero &amp; Abello 40, CONC), inset: Habit D Leucheria cantillanensis (NL 700, CONC), inset: Habit. All photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484184" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">5C, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6G, I</figureCitation>
), conspicuously prominent venation, with the secondary and tertiary veins forming a raised pattern above and below the lamina (vs. non-prominent venation, with no raised pattern of veins in either side of the lamina) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6G, I</figureCitation>
), 27-30 flowers per capitula (vs. 40-60), purple anther apical appendages (vs. greenish-yellow) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6D, F</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to coastal forms of
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. runcinata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="runcinata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">L. runcinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Don with white corollas, but it differs by its underground creeping rhizome with nodes and leaf scars and remnants of dry leaf petioles along the rhizome (vs. a lignified taproot with leaf scars concentrated at the base of the stem at the surface of the ground) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6K, L</figureCitation>
), entirely glandular indumentum in the leaves (vs. glandular on the adaxial side and glandular and lanate on the abaxial side) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6H, I</figureCitation>
), conspicuous prominent venation on both sides of the lamina (vs. inconspicuous and only midvein prominent on the abaxial side) and purple anther apical appendages (vs. greyish-blue) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leucheria salina (A, D, G, J) (Valle Nevado, Region Metropolitana, Chile), Lecheria runcinata (B, E, H, K) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile), and Leucheria cantillanensis (C, F, I, L) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana, Region Metropolitana, Chile) A-C habit D-F capitula G-I abaxial side of leaves J-L belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">6E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
Chile.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
Metropolitana: Provincia de Melipilla, entre el
<normalizedToken originalValue="límite">limite</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Alhué">Alhue</normalizedToken>
y Melipilla, Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana,
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.24" value="-33.91507">33°54'54.24&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.57" value="-70.97877">70°58'43.57&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 2007 m., 27 December 2019, fl. And fr.,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Lavandero</emphasis>
700 (holotype: CONC!; Isotype SGO!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Perennial</emphasis>
caulescent herb 15-30(-40) cm tall, decumbent, forming clumps of 5-6 aerial stems arising from the apex and nodes of the distal end of the rhizome.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Rhizome</emphasis>
dark brown, round, 10-15 mm wide, oblique to creeping, leafless below, but with remnants of dry leaf petioles, roots arising from the internodes.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Roots</emphasis>
dark brown, ca. 2 mm wide, round in cross-section.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Stems</emphasis>
purplish at the base, green at the top, 1.0-5.5 mm wide, simple or branching, round in cross-section, internodes up to 4 cm long, densely covered by glandular, capitate, (87-)115-180
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long, multicellular (6-12-celled) trichomes with clear resin, fragrant, with pungent citric scent (same indumentum up to the corolla tube).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leaves</emphasis>
dark green, alternate; basal leaves petiolate, semi-densely arranged at the base; petiole compressed, winged, vaginate, 2-2.5(-3.5) cm long; upper leaves sessile, amplexicaul, loosely arranged, gradually reduced in size towards the capitulescences.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Lamina</emphasis>
obovate, (10-)50-100(-140)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(5-)20-25(-35) mm; base attenuate, amplexicaul, apex mucronate; margin serrate, texture chartaceous, densely glandulous on both surfaces; pinnatisect to entire towards the tip; segments at the base entire, rarely 1(-2)-dentate, apex mucronate; segments in the middle (3-)4-6(-7)-dentate; apical segments fused, doubly dentate; venation conspicuously prominent, with the secondary and tertiary veins forming a raised pattern on both sides of the lamina, pinnate, semicraspedodromous, with primary vein ending in apical mucro, secondary veins either ending in second-order teeth or joining other distal secondary veins.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Capitulescences</emphasis>
a corymbiform cyme.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Capitula</emphasis>
1-6 per stem, pedunculate, (0.5-)1.2-2.8(-3.6) cm long, homogamous, discoid.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Involucres</emphasis>
hemispheric 7.0-7.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8.2-8.3 mm, two-seriate, alternate. A third series of Middle involucral bracts with intermediate characters between outer and inner Middle involucral bracts rarely present.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Receptacle</emphasis>
slightly convex, epaleate, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Outer Middle involucral bracts</emphasis>
5-6, green, lanceolate, concave on the inner face, 6.6-7.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.10-1.21(-1.36) mm, with 3 dark-green longitudinal stripes (including the midrib), apex ciliate, margin entire, texture leaf-like, abaxial lamina and margins densely covered by glandular trichomes, adaxial lamina glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Middle involucral bracts</emphasis>
rarely present, 1-2, green, lanceolate, concave to flat, with 6.5-7.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.08-1.19 mm, with 3 dark-green longitudinal stripes (including the midrib), apex ciliate, texture leaf-like to hyaline towards the margins, margin ciliate, rarely glandular, central portion of the abaxial lamina covered by glandular trichomes, hyaline lamina glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Inner Middle involucral bracts</emphasis>
5-6(-8), green, lanceolate, concave to flat 6.2-7.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.06-1.25(-1.51) mm, with 3 dark-green longitudinal stripes (including the midrib), apex acute, texture leaf-like to hyaline-membranaceous towards both lateral margins, margin ciliate, cilia (0.11-)0.17-0.21(-0.24) mm long, central portion of the abaxial lamina densely covered by glandular trichomes, hyaline lamina glabrous, adaxial lamina glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Flowers</emphasis>
isomorphic, bisexual, 27-30 per capitulum.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Corollas</emphasis>
bilabiate, white, before anthesis pinkish-white, tube 3.7-4.0 mm long, 0.5-1.1 wide; corolla tube sparsely covered by glandular trichomes.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Outer lip</emphasis>
oblanceolate, 3.6-3.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.0-2.2 mm at its widest, apex 3-toothed, teeth equal, 4-veined, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Inner lip</emphasis>
bifid, lacinae linear, 2.7-2.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.24-0.37 mm at its widest, connivent, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Stamens</emphasis>
5, 3.8-4.0 mm long, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Anthers</emphasis>
sagittate, 3.25-3.29 mm long; apical appendages purple, lanceolate, 1.19-1.23 mm long, apex acute; tails long, lanceolate, ca. 0.6 mm long, apex acute, smooth to ciliate.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Styles</emphasis>
white, 4.2-5.0 mm long, cleft into two truncate branches, branches 0.54-0.73 mm long, with stigmatic papillae on internal surface.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Cypselae</emphasis>
dark-brown, 1.0-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.4-2.5 mm, obovoid, strigose; trichomes transparent, cylindric, terete, (150-)167-170(-180)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, ascending, unicellular, subtended by two globose exocarpic cells.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Pappus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pappus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pappus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
uniseriate, fused at their bases into a ring, deciduous; bristles 19-20, white, capillary, sub-plumose, 4.5-5 mm long; pectines long, filiform, 0.21-0.35(-0.46) mm long, laterally inserted.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484182" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lavandero, sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
capitulum, sideways view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
capitulum, detail of Middle involucral bracts
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
capitulum, upper view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">E</emphasis>
plants growing in natural habitat
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">F</emphasis>
cypsela
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">G</emphasis>
detail of trichomes in cypsela. All photographs by
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nicolás">Nicolas</normalizedToken>
Lavandero.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484183" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lavandero, sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
capitulum
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
detail of flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
fruit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">E</emphasis>
basal leaf
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">F</emphasis>
leaf trichome
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">G</emphasis>
stem trichome
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">H</emphasis>
inner Middle involucral bract
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">I</emphasis>
middle Middle involucral bract
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">J</emphasis>
outer Middle involucral bract
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">K</emphasis>
ciliate margin of inner Middle involucral bract (detail). Illustrations by Benito Rosende.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be endemic to the Cantillana Mountain Range, which is part of the coastal mountain range of central Chile. It grows in shaded crevices of rocky outcrops near 2000 m a.s.l. with SW orientation (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitat of Leucheria cantillanensis in Central Chile A southwest facing rock outcrops, ca. 2000 m elevation B rock outcrops in Cantillana, general view C general view of rock outcrops among Nothofagus macrocarpa (A. DC.) F. M. Vazquez &amp; R. A. Rodr. forests in the Cantillana plateau D Leucheria cantillanensis, detail of the plant growing between rock crevices. Photographs A, D by Lavandero, B, C by Fabiola Gamboa." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484186" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7</figureCitation>
). It is known thus far only from the type locality (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of Leucheria cantillanensis (star) in Chile, Region Metropolitana, based on the type locality." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484180" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">1</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. cantillanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">L. cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs associated with other rupicolous taxa such as
<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Calceolariaceae" genus="Calceolaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calceolaria andina" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Calceolaria andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Collected flowering and fruiting in December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">The specific epithet refers to the coastal mountain range where the species was found, Altos de Cantillana.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484184" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Leaf morphology and habit of acaulescent/subacaulescent
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lagasca" authorityYear="1811" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Central Chile
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria scrobiculata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scrobiculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria scrobiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NL433, CONC), inset: Habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria candidissima" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candidissima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria candidissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lavandero, Santilli &amp; Ossa 36, CONC), inset: Habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria salina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria salina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lavandero &amp; Abello 40, CONC), inset: Habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(NL700, CONC), inset: Habit. All photographs by Lavandero.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is assessed here as Critically Endangered (CR) under the IUCN categories and criteria B2ab(i,ii,iii). Criterion B2 was selected because its Area of Occupancy is &lt;10 km2 (4 km2). Criterion
<normalizedToken originalValue="“a”">&quot;a&quot;</normalizedToken>
was selected because it is known to exist at only a single location, with only one subpopulation. Criterion b(i,ii,iii) was selected because we expect a continuing decline of suitable area for the species to exist in since it is only found at the highest elevations within the mountain coastal range with very specific soil types and exposition. The quality of its habitat has also been deteriorating over time. The overall precipitation and snow cover in the Cantillana plateau has decreased dramatically over the past 20 years, affecting not only the Andean relict flora but all the vegetation in the area. Fog events which compensate for the drought over the summer, are not as common as before.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present in the private reserve &quot;Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana&quot;.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484185" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria salina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria salina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, D, G, J</emphasis>
) (Valle Nevado,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
Metropolitana, Chile),
<taxonomicName genus="Lecheria" lsidName="Lecheria runcinata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="runcinata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Lecheria runcinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B, E, H, K</emphasis>
) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
Metropolitana, Chile), and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C, F, I, L</emphasis>
) (Reserva Natural Altos de Cantillana,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
Metropolitana, Chile)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A-C</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D-F</emphasis>
capitula
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">G-I</emphasis>
abaxial side of leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">J-L</emphasis>
belowground structures. All Photographs by Lavandero.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.169.57532.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/484186" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Habitat of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Central Chile
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A</emphasis>
southwest facing rock outcrops, ca. 2000 m elevation
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B</emphasis>
rock outcrops in Cantillana, general view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C</emphasis>
general view of rock outcrops among
<taxonomicName class="Rosopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nothofagus macrocarpa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Nothofagus macrocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A.DC.) F.M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vázquez">Vazquez</normalizedToken>
&amp; R.A. Rodr. forests in the Cantillana plateau
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lavandero" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leucheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucheria cantillanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Leucheria cantillanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, detail of the plant growing between rock crevices. Photographs
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, D</emphasis>
by Lavandero,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B, C</emphasis>
by Fabiola Gamboa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title>A revision of the Afrotropical spider genus Cambalida Simon, 1909 (Araneae, Corinnidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Haddad, Charles Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number>234</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2CD371EE1647AC2FD2A5692651137E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2CD371EE1647AC2FD2A5692651137E9" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cambalida_fagei" authority="Caporiacco, 1939" authorityName="Caporiacco" authorityYear="1939" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida fagei" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagei">Cambalida fagei (Caporiacco, 1939)</taxonomicName>
Figures 74-78
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Brachyphaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachyphaea fagei" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagei">Brachyphaea fagei</taxonomicName>
Caporiacco, 1939: 356, fig. 17 comb. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
Holotype female. ETHIOPIA: Neghelli [Negele,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="5.3166666">05°19'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="39.583332">39°35'E</geoCoordinate>
], leg. E. Zavattari, 30.III.1937, deposited in MZUF, type no. 118, mag no. 876 (examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
Females of this species share with
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida deminuta" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deminuta">Cambalida deminuta</taxonomicName>
the very large ST II and compact ST I, but can be distinguished from that species by the much larger copulatory openings (Figs 77, 78).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
The holotype female is in very poor condition but the eye arrangement (Fig. 74) and abdominal sclerotisation (Figs 75, 76) are consistent with the placement of this species in
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cambalida</taxonomicName>
. No material other than the holotype could be found and it will not be redescribed here. The epigyne of the species is distinct, notably the very large ST II and compact ST I (Figs 77, 78), and it is clearly different to
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida fulvipes" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipes">Cambalida fulvipes</taxonomicName>
, which also occurs in Ethiopia.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
Figures 74-76. Digital microscope photographs of the holotype female of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida fagei" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagei">Cambalida fagei</taxonomicName>
(Caporiacco, 1939): 74 carapace, dorsal view 75 abdomen, dorsal view 76 same, ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
Figures 77-78. Genitalic morphology of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida fagei" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagei">Cambalida fagei</taxonomicName>
(Caporiacco, 1939): 77 female epigyne, ventral view 78 same, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.25mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Known from the type locality only (Fig. 79).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">
Figure 79. Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida deminuta" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deminuta">Cambalida deminuta</taxonomicName>
(Simon, 1909) (circles),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida dippenaarae" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dippenaarae">Cambalida dippenaarae</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (triangles) and
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Cambalida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cambalida fagei" order="Araneae" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fagei">Cambalida fagei</taxonomicName>
(Caporiacco, 1939) (star) in the Afrotropical Region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="91" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="91">Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="692C2F491B60CA609B7E143F79258A09" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Taxon classification Animalia Cyclopoida Cyclopidae</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="1217EFCFF49071AA99673CBFCDC2B719" ID-CoL="6RHQ2" authority="Dussart, 1984" authorityName="Dussart" authorityYear="1984" class="Copepoda" family="Cyclopidae" genus="Microcyclops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcyclops finitimus" order="Cyclopoida" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="finitimus">Microcyclops finitimus Dussart, 1984</taxonomicName>
Figure 14
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<paragraph id="4FE91B81CCF743B2E113ED6FCA2D0801" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Description of female.</paragraph>
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The following description is complementary to the original description of
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. Antennule 12-segmented. Dorsal margin of prosomal somites 1 to 3 smooth (unfigured); hyaline fringe of fifth pediger serrated dorsally (Fig. 14A). Intercoxal sclerite of P1 smooth, inner margin of P1 basis with long hair-like setules, without spine on inner margin (Fig. 14B). Enp2P1 with one pore on lateral margin. Row of long spinules present at base of apical spine and lateral seta of Enp2P1 (Fig. 14C). Inner margin of P4 basis with long setules, intercoxal sclerite quadrangular, with one row of long spinules on caudal surface (Fig. 14D). Enp2P4 2.2 times as long as wide; medial spine 1.4 times as long as lateral spine, and 0.8 times as long as segment.
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<paragraph id="A937CA1A32CFDFE076C4A729C7AD3B8B" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
Figure 14.
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Dussart, 1984. Adult female (MNHN-Cp7294). A Fifth pediger and hyaline fringe, dorsal B P1, coxa, basis and sclerite, frontal C P1, Enp, frontal D P4, coxa, basis and intercoxal sclerite, frontal E Anal somite, caudal rami, and caudal setae, ventral. Scale bars: 50
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.
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<paragraph id="30ED0201B7B8B5EF0A46ED3384B063E1" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Anal somite with continuous row of spinules along distal margin (ventrally and dorsally), but on ventral surface medial spinules are longer and stronger than lateral spinules (Fig. 14E). No spinules at base of caudal seta II, but spinules present at base of caudal seta III; length to width ratio of caudal ramus 2.7. Relative lengths of terminal caudal setae from outermost to innermost seta, 1.0: 6.1: 8.9: 2.1. Caudal setae IV, and V with homonomous setulation, bearing long and fine setules (Fig. 14E). Dorsal caudal seta (VII) 0.7 times as long as caudal rami, and innermost caudal seta (VI) 1.2 times longer than caudal rami. Lateral caudal seta (II) inserted at 75.5% of caudal ramus length.</paragraph>
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