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<mods:title id="05000DFF27BF6481D2D7A06435114DC6">Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Altes, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Moreno, Gabriel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Nilsson, R. Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Yolanda Loarce,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Bustos, Alfredo de</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128732206" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C5B1F7449C62A258ACE813C11262F3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C5B1F7449C62A258ACE813C11262F3A" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="33" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName authority="H. Schub. & P. Specht, in Specht and Schubert, Z. Mykol. 79 (2): 421. 2015." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma winterhoffii" order="Agaricales" pageId="33" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">Tulostoma winterhoffii H. Schub. & P. Specht, in Specht and Schubert, Z. Mykol. 79(2): 421. 2015.</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="3C5B1F7449C62A258ACE813C11262F3A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128732206" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C5B1F7449C62A258ACE813C11262F3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C5B1F7449C62A258ACE813C11262F3A" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="33" pageNumber="66" scope_order="Agaricales">
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<subSubSection id="8A59F02B39D333770DDF1B2F2AE151E3" pageId="33" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="22B4C541D67781DEC6703DB42B4C2193" pageId="33" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="8A557568E64D82B332CE2462AF4994C6" ID-CoL="59LJ4" authority="H. Schub. & P. Specht, in Specht and Schubert, Z. Mykol. 79 (2): 421. 2015." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma winterhoffii" order="Agaricales" pageId="33" pageNumber="66" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">Tulostoma winterhoffii H. Schub. & P. Specht, in Specht and Schubert, Z. Mykol. 79(2): 421. 2015.</taxonomicName>
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Figures 5h, 16f, 20
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma fimbriatum var. heterosporum" order="Agaricales" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="67" start="start">Tulostoma</pageBreakToken>
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<subSubSection id="98D0EA82384556B5E811B8A94B404CF0" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="EA534724F7464D0BDA450BBF4749C908" pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="59AF13CD0BD536FE566C6CF419700474" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma fimbriatum var. heterosporum" order="Agaricales" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">
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<pageBreakToken id="5B5B2E8C5E27CFBDBE0576E6286B7CD2" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" start="start">Tulostoma</pageBreakToken>
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fimbriatum var. heterosporum
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</taxonomicName>
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||||
≡ J.E. Wright, Biblioth. Mycol. 113: 113. 1987. Holotype. THE NETHERLANDS, Wassenaar:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="”Voorlinden”">"Voorlinden"</normalizedToken>
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≡ J.E. Wright, Biblioth. Mycol. 113: 113. 1987. Holotype. THE NETHERLANDS, Wassenaar:
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<normalizedToken id="A883853213886284E6025689D19C7F83" originalValue="”Voorlinden”">"Voorlinden"</normalizedToken>
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, 7 Oct. 1950, R.A. Maas Geesteranus 7513 (L!)*.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="67">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection id="8825E99F90EC26F9712307FF0B55F8E3" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="430CB8BC537D7484FE752CEB68909F61" pageId="34" pageNumber="67">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B90A83A9B902D05B382BFBF72F9C539C" pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
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GERMANY, Rheinland-Pfalz: Hohfels near
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Grünstadt">Gruenstadt</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="F3C41596D05E49126F46709852F58792" originalValue="Grünstadt">Gruenstadt</normalizedToken>
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, 24 May 1987, W. Winterhoff (HAL).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
|
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma winterhoffii" order="Agaricales" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">Tulostoma winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
|
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<paragraph id="BF5FA6BEC480B644F3E037B0F6946091" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="34" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="CEEE05D5EE017B83789FC6FBACC1FD41" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma winterhoffii" order="Agaricales" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">Tulostoma winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
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was recently described from Germany. The holotype was not available for sequencing in this study but a paratype, provided by its authors, was sequenced and found to match sequence data of the type material of
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||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9FD124A320DC69E39C91EBED5BC0A5C0" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
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||||
. In macro-morphology (Figure 5h)
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||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. winterhoffii" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">T. winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5D2AEA41924E811E22243615B7171D33" lsidName="T. winterhoffii" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">T. winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
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||||
strongly reminds of
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||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fimbriatum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="fimbriatum">T. fimbriatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F1FFFF22CFED6E1A0F12A5F59D56BAE6" lsidName="T. fimbriatum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="fimbriatum">T. fimbriatum</taxonomicName>
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||||
but important features to distinguish it are the verrucose-echinate spores (no anastomoses seen under SEM; Figure 16f) and the variation in spore size (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="57C7ACE58697C006628A64C6E3EAFBEE" author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: up to 9.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3F5E151182EB787F8904C71791B6B910" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter; Specht and Schubert (2013): (4.5-) 5.5-8.5 (-10.3)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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||||
<normalizedToken id="33B95A78EFACAA2E5FD1A68EA447639B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
including ornamentation). Our own material shows a similar variation, averaging 5.7 - 6.1
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="65198DEA7D2745983531B662B0E9C8B4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, some spores reaching 9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A4CFA8CD25A17A5A2FF2E88D4F08E538" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. The same can be observed in the type collection of
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="233677375BB16DFBCD608F4A5CD1099F" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="34" pageNumber="67" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 20). Based on morphology
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="68" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="40299AB54399A761E2E045B7639593B7" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
sequence data,
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BB95920803FA09B8D919A5991ADFD9A5" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
must thus be considered a distinct species, for which the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. winterhoffi" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="winterhoffi">T. winterhoffi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6555691A1264602099BE15D96EA434BE" lsidName="T. winterhoffi" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="winterhoffi">T. winterhoffi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has priority.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="68" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="68">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D13C0886EFEFEA4A547F95545C2B0C12" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D8AC37FC72B5BA44F2B6632963AFA937" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B9D981EAF9F12E34DEB011B47C2D1100" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
Mostly in dry and sandy habitats in exposed places, on more or less calcareous soils. Currently known from the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, and Sweden. In Scandinavia it reaches 60 ' N. The world distribution comprises Europe, Asia (Caucasus), and N. America (California) according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright (1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3D886C98EBBAB167D5B55ECD15E2EC07" author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright (1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; as
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B80824FFD8EC8FDBEEABFAE93259244D" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="68">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B386AD1084CB53309F650DECEFD044CC" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B28EE0CADF88DE5F1F32CB5B34D8A59" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1F2CE703C3FBFD4479F6F8FB7AD470E6" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
DENMARK,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sjælland">Sjaelland</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4F49198AB00290DAF222FC081259F05E" originalValue="Sjælland">Sjaelland</normalizedToken>
|
||||
: Greve, Hundige Strand, 1 Jan. 2015, S.O. Jensen, Atlasprojekt SOJ2105-699039 (C)*. BULGARIA, Nesebar: Slyanchev Brjag, 18 Sept. 1979, S. Jeppson. M. Jeppson 1359 (GB). GERMANY, Rheinland-Pfalz:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grünstadt">Gruenstadt</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9CA4B9F64266A59EA2A01343BA189E87" originalValue="Grünstadt">Gruenstadt</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Asselheim, am
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Höllenberg">Hoellenberg</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EF9E491AE30DC8AC8CDA023C1BA8D552" originalValue="Höllenberg">Hoellenberg</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 12 Apr. 2013, ZFM79(2) (paratype, H. Schubert and P. Specht private herbarium)*. HUNGARY,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bács-Kiskun">Bacs-Kiskun</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E64C4BA7761CE71E09C0BD346B80B78" originalValue="Bács-Kiskun">Bacs-Kiskun</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fülöpháza">Fueloephaza</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C7A472BDCF806ACB42A2E78942739346" originalValue="Fülöpháza">Fueloephaza</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fülöpházai">Fueloephazai</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Homokbuckák">Homokbuckak</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CCDB5B82E747673BE6F2F0A3ACACC0C1" originalValue="Fülöpházai">Fueloephazai</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4AF5360FC5EA05392DF09FAAC4151C6B" originalValue="Homokbuckák">Homokbuckak</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Pottiaceae" genus="Syntrichia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syntrichia" order="Pottiales" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">Syntrichia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7AE56F7E98A911680240F6B3B5F6E645" class="Bryopsida" family="Pottiaceae" genus="Syntrichia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syntrichia" order="Pottiales" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">Syntrichia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in sand steppe vegetation, 11 Apr. 2006, L. Nagy, T. Gunnarsson, T. Knutsson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7761 (GB)*. NORWAY, Buskerud: Hurum,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nærnes">Naernes</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AA27072AA501DDA8FD44AF59A67213B2" originalValue="Nærnes">Naernes</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Grundviksveien, 3 May 2010, A-E. Torkelsen, G. Gulden, A. Karlsson, J. Nilsson, M. Jeppson 9537 (GB); Oslo:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Græssholmen">Graessholmen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E0DF4524829CE7B4D758DE9CBD9D7F5" originalValue="Græssholmen">Graessholmen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 12 May 2006, A-E. Torkelsen, A. Karlsson, J. Nilsson, A.K. Wollan, A. Ryberg, M. Jeppson 7895 (GB, O); Munkedammen, N.M. Blytt 229 (O F-86871). SPAIN, Madrid: en
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="césped">cesped</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2F110B9FAE1CC76CA555FBBE07EE5D3E" originalValue="césped">cesped</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Dec. 1984, A.M.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moscardó">Moscardo</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="26150186845586E47C2CF8849A2AA995" originalValue="Moscardó">Moscardo</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(AH 11647, GenBank KC333060); Madrid, en un solar urbano, 1988, F.J.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F35B258006389804BBA25F9F1621E5FA" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(AH 11656, GenBank KC333061). SWEDEN,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="69BA0E9430B822CFDA75D50F2CCBE203" originalValue="Bohuslän">Bohuslaen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tjärnö">Tjaernoe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E712C0C573835F7A48EEE3AE9FD7FB1E" originalValue="Tjärnö">Tjaernoe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Syd-Koster, Kilesand,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="sandgräshed">sandgraeshed</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C3014C6848BABDE3281D6DD5E7FF987A" originalValue="sandgräshed">sandgraeshed</normalizedToken>
|
||||
med skalrik sand
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="nära">naera</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1CE3285A5C20122684D6D166575CAC8B" originalValue="nära">naera</normalizedToken>
|
||||
havet, 18 Oct. 1987, S. Jeppson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 2379 (GB)*; Gotland: Ardre, Kungens sal, 22 Sept. 2000, J-O. Tedebrand (UPS).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<caption id="5E94D396B15974024EF8E39AA58726E1" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1CF54B0694E5A1F5E492FC491F1F8AE7" pageId="35" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
Figure 20.
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC28D5397DA8EAC35092B22329DE61D2" infraspecific-rank="var." lsidName="T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum" pageId="35" pageNumber="68" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="heterosporum">T. fimbriatum var. heterosporum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype (L 64172): a basidiocarps b spore ornamentation under SEM; spore size variation. Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b = 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6212C8192AD9575A8F776038C0C5ED3E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
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Reference in a new issue