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<mods:title id="CF5015E6E9657BAE4E897D22332E7BBC">Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Jeppson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Altes, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Moreno, Gabriel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Yolanda Loarce,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Bustos, Alfredo de</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128732210" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:121512046292AE71376BB54A49AB3CF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/121512046292AE71376BB54A49AB3CF9" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="28" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authority="Peck, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23 (10): 419. 1896." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma punctatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="28" pageNumber="61" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punctatum">Tulostoma punctatum Peck, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23(10): 419. 1896.</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="121512046292AE71376BB54A49AB3CF9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128732210" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:121512046292AE71376BB54A49AB3CF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/121512046292AE71376BB54A49AB3CF9" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="28" pageNumber="61" scope_order="Agaricales">
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<taxonomicName id="8139B2F52B61B0471A1DEBDA30021DD6" ID-CoL="59LGW" authority="Peck, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23 (10): 419. 1896." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma punctatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="28" pageNumber="61" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="punctatum">Tulostoma punctatum Peck, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23(10): 419. 1896.</taxonomicName>
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Figures 5d, 16a, 17, 18
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma fimbriatum var. punctatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="punctatum">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="62" start="start">Tulostoma</pageBreakToken>
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<subSubSection id="66A7564A1062F8757ADAFEE9E0DA2FA5" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="AFDE50B1D35266D6914A105A3219FBF0" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="6D8E2F5C027A309CAF7989C882FB49B8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma fimbriatum var. punctatum" order="Agaricales" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="fimbriatum" variety="punctatum">
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<pageBreakToken id="C0CB5823450BC9EFF34C9F2BA2DD72C8" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" start="start">Tulostoma</pageBreakToken>
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fimbriatum var. punctatum
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</taxonomicName>
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≡ (Peck) J.E. Wright, Biblioth. Mycol. 113: 115. 1987.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma subfuscum" order="Agaricales" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subfuscum">Tulostoma subfuscum</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="2871B74A35737F7E92F014EF883D1257" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="BEF4DB9D6BAA9EF4ED3B346408D0C9FD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma subfuscum" order="Agaricales" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subfuscum">Tulostoma subfuscum</taxonomicName>
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||||
≡ V.S. White, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 433. 1901. Holotype. USA, Colorado: Denver, 16 Feb. 1896, Bethel 21 (NY!)*;
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">
|
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="62">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="62">USA, Kansas: Rooks Co., 23 Jul. 1896, E. Bartholomew (BPI 729033!)*.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection id="A998A7166870A0876E53A751EDBFAB12" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph id="6A87FE6ADF91CFFF2C0F588AEAC51919" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7E055CDE17BF41E755FDEE35F5F8C950" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">USA, Kansas: Rooks Co., 23 Jul. 1896, E. Bartholomew (BPI 729033!)*.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6AD7B79A5D3D72B14E695B82A1171533" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="29" pageNumber="62">
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The first European records of this traditionally North American species are here confirmed. The species can easily be confused with
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<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fimbriatum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="fimbriatum">T. fimbriatum</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="FBAF0E666F0BEE5EAB39E00034A48B2E" lsidName="T. fimbriatum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="fimbriatum">T. fimbriatum</taxonomicName>
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||||
, but is distinguished by the somewhat smaller spores that are more ornamented with a verrucose-spiny ornamentation without ridges (Figure 16a). Study of the macro-micromorphology and sequence data of the type collections of
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<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B22E638D2AB2A8563305A96579EFBAB3" lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
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||||
(Figure 17) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="956CF3BBCD87DACE34C1B620A5EBAE9B" lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 18), indicate conspecificity. It is surprising to see that the spore ornamentation of the type of
|
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<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="53989695BAD557B8B5F370C3E0EC2C37" lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="29" pageNumber="62" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very different from the expected one (cfr. description and illustrations by
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="24BBA4970756342DE643A879D4C21114" author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The presence of distinctive punctate pits on the
|
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<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="63" start="start">endoperidium</pageBreakToken>
|
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<pageBreakToken id="80CC30C1F408F5842A6F8E88BAA89725" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" start="start">endoperidium</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7D725762B6EFEB573EC95610C6E99802" lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Peck, CH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club" pageId="47" pageNumber="80" pagination="411 - 420" title="New species of fungi." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2477789" volume="23" year="1896">Peck (1896)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="F277D6EB842B14C367532F1EBC24E1D0" author="Peck, CH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club" pageId="47" pageNumber="80" pagination="411 - 420" title="New species of fungi." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2477789" volume="23" year="1896">Peck (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, could not be observed in the European specimens. A somewhat pitted appearance of the endoperidium is a common, but inconsistent, feature among species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma" order="Agaricales" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Tulostoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64F9969A5C3C5A991E5BBA9138F68832" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma" order="Agaricales" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Tulostoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and of little taxonomic value. The pits are scars or depressions caused by sand grains adhering to the peridium in early stages of development.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="63" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Originally described from the USA (Kansas). In Europe on sandy soil on exposed, anthropogeneous sites (e.g. church lawns/car parks, abandoned orchards) in SW Slovakia.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D48573CBD8AF08AC6D4AE83D856C71A1" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7FBD9B43DE25B54313B813AEC9BAFDB4" pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="325420DEE195F8A33406B68049493AB9" pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Originally described from the USA (Kansas). In Europe on sandy soil on exposed, anthropogeneous sites (e.g. church lawns/car parks, abandoned orchards) in SW Slovakia.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="30" pageNumber="63">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D1B03CA16B4760D89DF356B2031B3A00" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="245E1666B9D71ACB4C438985BDBBD9CD" pageId="30" pageNumber="63">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C54594142A21DA5433FA1282C94DF954" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="30" pageNumber="63">
|
||||
SLOVAKIA,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Záhorská">Zahorska</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="nížina">nizina</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9BFBFA96756EB947140226F1B2A52919" originalValue="Záhorská">Zahorska</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5A17E85F50B03EF17CAE1AF5CAFD37A7" originalValue="nížina">nizina</normalizedToken>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vel’ke">Vel'ke</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Leváre">Levare</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F1728C05978E154E44C37FC35A965002" originalValue="Vel’ke">Vel'ke</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D4AEE499C46B28B9423E786C5FCCC265" originalValue="Leváre">Levare</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, by the church, grassy road side on sandy soil, 2 Oct. 2005, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7472
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="64" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8D2251AAB5B1266D8E5604DBA4A4F165" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
GB)*; Stupava, in dry sandy grassland in an abandoned orchard, 16 Oct. 2014, T. Knutsson, E. Larsson, R. Bednar, V. Kautman, I.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kautmanová">Kautmanova</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C28C614A2B3ABD656318BBFE8129330" originalValue="Kautmanová">Kautmanova</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, A.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Košuthová">Kosuthova</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="38D9CD17953B71EE15228E5191EC9EB3" originalValue="Košuthová">Kosuthova</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, M. Jeppson 10058 (GB)*.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<caption id="8B3D043C30BF5A88D68C48374E53C2B3" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E674C8CA30A2EE0FF44A21DD4AD0AAC1" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
Figure 16. Spore ornamentation under SEM of European species (cont.): a
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F762003C3CED3034C02A346A88F1079" lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(M. Jeppson 7472, GB) b
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. simulans" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="simulans">T. simulans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9EB8672AA0BAFC3EA5E8C88752D2C766" lsidName="T. simulans" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="simulans">T. simulans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(M. Jeppson 9302, GB) c
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60FF13CAE4CA64E740696ADBFC950529" lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(AH 15483) d
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. striatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="striatum">T. striatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECB53AC427696E8C677ABE85205BEBE5" lsidName="T. striatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="striatum">T. striatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(AH 15543) e
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subsquamosum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="subsquamosum">T. subsquamosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0982BF8157DC26A4D1F963F9C5854D3E" lsidName="T. subsquamosum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="subsquamosum">T. subsquamosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(M. Jeppson 3475, GB) f
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. winterhoffii" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">T. winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A4D470843FED6A33C91B10C3EE4509B2" lsidName="T. winterhoffii" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="winterhoffii">T. winterhoffii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(M. Jeppson 2379, GB). Scale bars: 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="507CF7856617D8708D3469F1C4F58C9F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<caption id="FD14A547B370DAFA67051E38EAED6E03" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph id="50BD6C5A00D5C51E257FF1640BCE8023" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
Figure 17.
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54614B2F9446A8E88C0B093454892E2E" lsidName="T. punctatum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="punctatum">T. punctatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, lectotype (BPI 729033): a basidiocarps b spore ornamentation under SEM. Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b = 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EBF3E30A090150942313E37C28DAC423" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<caption id="06DA8903473CEF841D2935EBFEFDFD79" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1C7C789AEDF3347005F32BC7B98AB8CD" pageId="31" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
Figure 18.
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7AC93EAAD5461776DCF910DC512787A0" lsidName="T. subfuscum" pageId="31" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="subfuscum">T. subfuscum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype (Bethel 21, NY): a. basidiocarps b spore ornamentation under SEM. Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b = 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="40F7F27FF93ADA25BE9DC017246AD19C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue