Add updates up until 2024-09-06 09:47:08
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03EC87963E42FFD854C53036FC4AFA04.xml03EC87963E51FFCB54C537E8FAB0FA01.xml03EC87963E51FFCD54C531FEFABCFC2D.xml03EC87963E52FFC854C5301FFD00F988.xml03EC87963E52FFC854C534ACFC9DFD88.xml03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5.xml03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA.xml03EC87963E55FFCF54C534AFFD16FD38.xml03EC87963E55FFCF54C53704FC23FA8F.xml03EC87963E57FFCD54C53012FEFFF924.xml03EC87963E59FFC354C53207FABBF8E6.xml03EC87963E5BFFC154C534ACFB9DFC64.xml03EC87963E5BFFC354C537DBFCF7FA05.xml03EC87963E5CFFC654C535F9FD62FD0A.xml03EC87963E5CFFC654C536F0FDBBFC72.xml03EC87963E5CFFC654C537C9FB99F8F0.xml03EC87963E5EFFC454C53025FDC5F963.xml03EC87963E5EFFC654C532DBFE0DFE02.xml03EC87963E60FFFA54C53563FC91FB43.xml03EC87963E60FFFC54C530B8FBDAFED2.xml03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD.xml03EC87963E63FFFA54C5376FFBF2FEA8.xml03EC87963E65FFFF54C53035FD06FA6E.xml03EC87963E65FFFF54C5350CFD0DFC36.xml03EC87963E66FFFC54C53529FC31FD2E.xml03EC87963E66FFFC54C53712FC7DFBC9.xml03EC87963E66FFFF54C53036FC4BFF3F.xml03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25.xml03EC87963E6BFFF154C53094FDDDF9B8.xml03EC87963E6BFFF254C53287FD70FDFB.xml03EC87963E6CFFF654C530D6FA80F8A7.xml03EC87963E6FFFF554C534AFFBB1FDAB.xml03EC87963E6FFFF654C53690FE0FFB6A.xml03EC87963E74FFEF54C530A7FCC2FAFB.xml03EC87963E75FFE154C53140FCBCFEF5.xml03EC87963E78FFE254C53674FB80FB73.xml03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8.xml03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5.xml03EC87963E7CFFE654C536FBFE45FB16.xml03EC87963E7EFFE454C53597FD8DFAA2.xml03EC87963E7EFFE654C53199FB86FD04.xml
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E42FFD854C53036FD68FBF5" box="[247,722,1059,1086]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E42FFD854C53036FD68FBF5" blockId="48.[247,852,1059,1155]" box="[247,722,1059,1086]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E42FFD854C53036FD68FBF5" ID-CoL="48QCK" authority="Smith, 1937" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1937" box="[247,722,1059,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginodis">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD854C53036FD68FBF5" bold="true" box="[247,722,1059,1086]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD854C53036FD89FBF6" bold="true" box="[247,563,1059,1086]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Odontomachus ruginodis</emphasis>
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Smith, 1937
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E42FFD854C53053FD48FB4B" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E42FFD854C53053FCEEFBA8" blockId="48.[247,852,1059,1155]" box="[247,852,1094,1120]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Rough–Node Snapping Ant (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD856643053FCF6FBA8" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[598,844,1094,1120]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD856F13052FCBCFBA8" box="[707,774,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
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2000
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||||
</bibRefCitation>
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||||
)
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E42FFD854C5307CFD48FB4B" blockId="48.[247,852,1059,1155]" box="[247,754,1129,1155]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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(ANTWEB: ICCDRS0013038). (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E42FFD856BB307CFD50FB4B" box="[649,746,1129,1155]" captionStart="Map 49" captionStartId="49.[247,293,953,974]" captionTargetBox="[286,1346,182,930]" captionTargetId="figure-158@49.[283,1350,178,933]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Map 49. Distribution of Odontomachus ruginodis Smith, 1937." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710440" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710440/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Map 49</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E42FFD854C5308CFC4AFA04" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E42FFD854C5308CFC4AFA04" blockId="48.[247,1386,1177,1485]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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This species occurs in the northern neotropics, southeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F35276103E42FFD857D3308CFB33FB7B" box="[993,1161,1177,1203]" name="United States of America" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">United States</collectingCountry>
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, Central America, and many Caribbean islands (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD856B930A9FC81FB1E" author="KEMPF W." box="[651,827,1212,1239]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
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, 1972
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD8576130A8FB92FB1E" author="BRANDAO R." box="[851,1064,1212,1239]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E42FFD8576130A8FC77FB1D" baselines="1232,1231" box="[851,973,1212,1239]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
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||||
, 1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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||||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD8507230A8FAE7FB1E" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[1088,1373,1212,1239]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD8508A30A8FABDFB1E" box="[1208,1287,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E42FFD854C530CAFD93FB31" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1937" box="[247,553,1247,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginodis">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD854C530CAFD93FB31" box="[247,553,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Odontomachus ruginodis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an introduced species, collected for the first time in Galápagos in
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<quantity id="4CBD9B653E42FFD854C53117FEE9FAD4" box="[247,339,1282,1308]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.10032" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="2008.0">2008 in</quantity>
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the urban area of Santa Cruz Island (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD857283117FB9CFAD4" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[794,1062,1282,1308]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD857A53116FC66FAD4" box="[919,988,1282,1308]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Since then it has become increasingly abundant. It nests in soil and under stones. Some specimens were found at the base and in the roots of
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E42FFD855DE315CFDDBFAAA" box="[492,609,1353,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD855DE315CFDDBFAAA" box="[492,609,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. roseus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, an ornamental plant.
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E42FFD8574C315CFB08FAAB" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1937" box="[894,1202,1353,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruginodis">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD8574C315CFB08FAAB" box="[894,1202,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Odontomachus ruginodis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is common in disturbed areas, beaches, open woods and mangroves (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD857903179FB1EFA4E" author="DEYRUP M. A. & CARLIN N. & TRAGER J. & UMPHREY G." box="[930,1188,1388,1414]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="163 - 176" refId="ref21788" refString="DEYRUP M. A., CARLIN N., TRAGER J. & UMPHREY G., 1988. - A review of the ants of the Florida Keys. Florida Entomologist, 71 (2): 163 - 176." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD850233178FBE2FA4E" box="[1041,1112,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
|
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1988
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E42FFD850813179FE83FA61" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E42FFD851103178FAD3FA4E" box="[1314,1385,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al.,</emphasis>
|
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2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
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). Its invasive potential has yet to be evaluated, however its rapid colonization of areas and its predatory habits suggest that it should be monitored closely.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
185
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E51FFCB54C537E8FAB0FA01.xml
Normal file
185
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E51FFCB54C537E8FAB0FA01.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
|
|||
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(Emery, 1869)
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C53034FCF3FBF3" blockId="35.[247,841,1021,1119]" box="[247,841,1056,1083]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Bare Pygmy Snapping Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB56793034FCFBFBF3" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[587,833,1056,1083]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB568A3034FD41FBF2" box="[696,763,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C53051FD40FB97" blockId="35.[247,841,1021,1119]" box="[247,762,1092,1119]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(ANTWEB: CASENT0173252). (
|
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E51FFCB56A33051FD4BFB97" box="[657,753,1092,1119]" captionStart="Map 35" captionStartId="36.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@36.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Map 35. Distribution of Strumigenys membranifera (Emery, 1869)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710410" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710410/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Map 35</figureCitation>
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)
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C53066FAB0FA01" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C53066FAB0FA01" blockId="35.[247,1386,1139,1482]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
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A pantropical ant, but also found in some subtropical and temperate areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB50893066FADEFB45" author="KEMPF W." box="[1211,1380,1139,1166]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB50893066FAAAFB44" baselines="1158,1159" box="[1211,1296,1139,1165]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
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, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB54C53082FE4AFB78" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[247,496,1174,1201]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB54C53082FEE6FB67" baselines="1194,1194" box="[247,348,1175,1201]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55563082FE12FB79" box="[356,424,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB55CE3082FD38FB78" baselines="1194,1195" box="[508,642,1175,1201]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
2011b).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56DC3082FB8FFB79" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[750,1077,1175,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="membranifera">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56DC3082FB8FFB79" box="[750,1077,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys membranifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a tramp ant which was introduced to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB55AC30AFFDA7FB1C" box="[414,541,1210,1236]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
through human activities. It is known from a few localities on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB512630AFFAD3FB1C" box="[1300,1385,1210,1236]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB551930C8FE0AFB3F" box="[299,432,1245,1271]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Islands in the Transition and Humid Zone. It was recorded for the first time in 2008. Elsewhere it is known to feed on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56E43115FCD8FAD2" authorityName="Lubbock J" authorityYear="1870" box="[726,866,1280,1306]" class="Collembola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Collembola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB57AF3115FBF8FAD2" authorityName="Lubbock" authorityYear="1873" box="[925,1090,1280,1306]" class="Diplura" family="Campodeidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplura" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Campodeidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species (
|
||||
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, 1953;
|
||||
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB54C53136FEE1FAF4" baselines="1334,1335" box="[247,347,1315,1341]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB555A3131FE0AFAF5" box="[360,432,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB563D3136FCC3FAF5" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[527,889,1315,1341]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB563D3136FD39FAF4" baselines="1334,1335" box="[527,643,1315,1341]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB563D3136FD39FAF4" box="[527,643,1315,1341]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB56863136FC9EFAF4" baselines="1334,1335" box="[692,804,1315,1341]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Workers were recorded in areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C53152FE27FAA8" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[247,413,1350,1376]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C53152FE27FAA8" box="[247,413,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB559F3152FDA0FAA8" box="[429,538,1351,1376]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB559F3152FDA0FAA8" box="[429,538,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56183152FD76FAA8" box="[554,716,1350,1376]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56183152FD76FAA8" box="[554,716,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56EE3152FCD6FAA8" box="[732,876,1350,1377]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56EE3152FCD6FAA8" box="[732,876,1350,1377]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">O. insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB574E3153FB4CFAA8" authority="Bergius" authorityName="Bergius" box="[892,1270,1350,1376]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB574E3153FB36FAA8" box="[892,1164,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paspalum conjugatum</emphasis>
|
||||
Bergius
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB51313153FE0BFA4B" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Verbena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="litoralis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB51313153FEECFA4B" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Verbena litoralis</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunth
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55F3317FFDC4FA4B" box="[449,638,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55F3317FFDA6FA4B" box="[449,540,1385,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56A0317CFC6EFA4B" authority="Rottb." authorityName="Rottb." box="[658,980,1385,1411]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Kyllinga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56A0317CFCC0FA4B" box="[658,890,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Kyllinga brevifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
Rottb.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB5005317CFE0DFA6E" authority="(Kaulf.) Maxon" authorityName="Maxon" baseAuthorityName="Kaulf." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arachnoideum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB5005317CFAD3FA4B" box="[1079,1385,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Pteridium arachnoideum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Kaulf.) Maxon
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55CE3199FCEAFA6E" authority="Burm. f." authorityName="Burm. f." box="[508,848,1420,1447]" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Commelina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Commelinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diffusa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55CE3199FD5BFA6E" box="[508,737,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Commelina diffusa</emphasis>
|
||||
Burm. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
This species of ant may be impacting small soil arthropods in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB55E331BAFDE9FA01" box="[465,595,1455,1481]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, as found in other parts of the world (
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2011b).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
336
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E51FFCD54C531FEFABCFC2D.xml
Normal file
336
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E51FFCD54C531FEFABCFC2D.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="A5098D387F95D720ECF7C144373967BE">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C531FEFCAEF9CD" box="[247,788,1515,1542]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C531FEFCAEF9CD" blockId="35.[247,788,1515,1612]" box="[247,788,1515,1542]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C531FEFCAEF9CD" ID-CoL="55PJJ" authority="(Nylander, 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[247,788,1515,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C531FEFD86F9CE" bold="true" box="[247,572,1515,1542]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tetramorium bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Nylander, 1846)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C5321AFD40F984" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C5321AFDD2F9E1" blockId="35.[247,788,1515,1612]" box="[247,616,1551,1577]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Penny ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB554C321AFDE9F9E1" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[382,595,1551,1577]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="23 - 33" refId="ref26421" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2009 a. - Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 12: 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="2009">
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, 2009
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
c)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C53227FD40F984" blockId="35.[247,788,1515,1612]" box="[247,762,1586,1612]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173284). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E51FFCB56A33227FD48F984" box="[657,754,1586,1612]" captionStart="Map 36" captionStartId="38.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@38.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Map 36. Distribution of Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander, 1846)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710412/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Map 36</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCD54C53277FABCFC2D" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCD54C53277FD0BFD2B" blockId="35.[247,1385,1634,1906]" lastBlockId="37.[247,1386,186,739]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
A tramp ant widespread throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions in the world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB54CD3290FE62F957" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[255,472,1669,1695]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="23 - 33" refId="ref26421" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2009 a. - Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 12: 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB54CD3290FE3CF956" baselines="1688,1689" box="[255,390,1669,1695]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2009
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
c). This introduced species is found in all vegetation zones and most islands and islets of the Galápagos archipelago.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB573B32BCFBF3F90A" baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[777,1097,1704,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB573B32BCFBF3F90A" box="[777,1097,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Tetramorium bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs in natural and disturbed areas from the coast to the high–altitude Dry Zone. It was recorded for the first time in 1891 on
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E51FFCB55B132FBFDC0F8C0" box="[387,634,1774,1800]" name="San Cristobal Island" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">San Cristóbal Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB56B932FBFC8FF8C0" author="EMERY C." box="[651,821,1774,1801]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref21896" refString="EMERY C., 1893. - Notice sur quelques fourmis des iles Galapagos. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 62: 89 - 92." type="journal article" year="1893">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB56B932FBFD5EF8CF" baselines="1793,1794" box="[651,740,1774,1800]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Emery" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">EMERY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1893
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It makes nests under rocks, in small holes in the soil, in bark, dry mangrove trunks, rotten logs and roots (e.g.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB50123307FB7DF8E3" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1056,1223,1809,1835]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB50123307FB7DF8E3" box="[1056,1223,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It has been recorded visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB566A3320FBABF886" authority="(CHAMORRO et al., 2012)" baseAuthorityName="CHAMORRO" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[600,1041,1844,1871]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB566A3320FD74F886" box="[600,718,1844,1871]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">O. helleri</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB56D33321FBB3F886" author="CHAMORRO S. & HELENO R. & OLESEN J. M. & MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A." box="[737,1033,1844,1870]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1489 - 1501" refId="ref21572" refString="CHAMORRO S., HELENO R., OLESEN J. M., MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A., 2012. - Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galapagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110: 1489 - 1501." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB56D33321FCCAF885" baselines="1863,1864" box="[737,880,1844,1870]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Chamorro" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">CHAMORRO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57483320FC7AF886" box="[890,960,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and flowers and extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55B8334DFE46F8B9" box="[394,508,1879,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55B8334DFE46F8B9" box="[394,508,1879,1906]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB5604334DFCC8F8BA" authority="(Meier, 1994)" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[566,882,1879,1906]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB5604334DFD7AF8B9" box="[566,704,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB56FD3342FCD3F8BA" author="MEIER R." box="[719,873,1879,1906]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">Meier, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Although it is well known as a predator of insects (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD55B834AFFDDDFF1C" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[394,615,186,213]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="23 - 33" refId="ref26421" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2009 a. - Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 12: 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD55B834AFFDABFF1B" baselines="205,206" box="[394,529,186,212]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
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, 2009
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
c) it also feeds on dead animals, like dead lizards, in arid environments (e.g. on Daphne Major Island).
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD576D34CBFC6DFF3E" baselines="241,241" box="[863,983,222,248]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(1924) reports workers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD516334CBFE30FED2" baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD516334CBFE30FED2" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
exploring the foliage of bushes where a great numbers of frigate birds and boobies were nesting. Specimens were collected from bare lava soil with few grasses and sedges, between litter in the crevices of rocks where seabirds rest, stands of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD500C3552FB5BFEA9" box="[1086,1249,327,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD500C3552FB5BFEA9" box="[1086,1249,327,353]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, mangrove leaf litter, areas with grass along sandy dunes and beaches (in Puerto Villamil), forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD517D357FFEC1FE6F" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD517D357FFEC1FE6F" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD55F93598FD81FE6F" box="[459,571,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD55F93598FD81FE6F" box="[459,571,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56793598FD57FE6F" box="[587,749,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56793598FD57FE6F" box="[587,749,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56CE3598FCC7FE6F" box="[764,893,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56CE3598FCEBFE6F" box="[764,849,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cordia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57B93598FC4DFE6E" box="[907,1015,397,422]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57B93598FC4DFE6E" box="[907,1015,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50353598FB31FE6F" box="[1031,1163,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD50353598FB31FE6F" box="[1031,1163,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50A93598FAFAFE6F" box="[1179,1344,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Darwiniothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancifolius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD50A93598FAFAFE6F" box="[1179,1344,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">D. lancifolius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD51623598FEEAFE02" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD51623598FEEAFE02" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">A. filifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and grasses) as well as in deciduous steppe forest of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD501935A4FB5FFE02" box="[1067,1253,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD501935A4FB5AFE02" box="[1067,1248,432,458]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">H. mancinella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
herbs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD517D35A4FE3FFE25" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD517D35A4FE3FFE25" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P. conjugatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD55A435C1FD15FE25" box="[406,687,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD55A435C1FD97FE25" box="[406,557,467,493]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Homolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">H. glutinosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD560935C1FD11FE25" box="[571,683,467,493]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">E. pilosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD568A35C6FBEDFE26" authority="Trin. & Rupr." authorityName="Trin. & Rupr." box="[696,1111,467,494]" class="Diplura" family="Campodeidae" genus="Aristida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplura" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspicata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD568A35C6FC19FE25" box="[696,931,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aristida subspicata</emphasis>
|
||||
Trin. & Rupr.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD505635C6FA85FE26" box="[1124,1343,467,494]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD505635C6FAA8FE25" box="[1124,1298,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD517C35C6FEEDFDD8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Centella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD517C35C6FEEDFDD8" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. asiatica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD555635E2FE65FDD8" box="[356,479,503,528]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Rhynchosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD555635E2FE65FDD8" box="[356,479,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">R. minima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD562535E3FDC4FDD8" box="[535,638,502,528]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD562535E3FDC4FDD8" box="[535,638,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56D035E2FCC1FDD8" box="[738,891,502,528]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilinum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56D035E2FCC1FDD8" box="[738,891,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P. aquilinum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57BB35E2FC46FDD8" box="[905,1020,502,528]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Polypodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57BB35E2FC46FDD8" box="[905,1020,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P. tridens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD503B35E2FAD3FDD8" authority="(Willd.)" baseAuthorityName="Willd." box="[1033,1385,502,528]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Doryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD503B35E2FABEFDD8" box="[1033,1284,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Doryopteris palmata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Willd.)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
J. Sm.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD5563360FFE52FDFB" box="[337,488,537,564]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salviifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD5563360FFE52FDFB" box="[337,488,537,564]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. salviifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) mosses, sedges (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56F0360FFCCBFDFB" box="[706,881,537,564]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Cyperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anderssonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56F0360FFCCBFDFB" box="[706,881,537,564]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. anderssonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), grasses (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57C6360FFAB2FDFB" box="[1012,1288,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57C6360FFB28FDFB" box="[1012,1170,538,563]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauperum">P. pauperum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50AC360FFAB2FDFB" box="[1182,1288,538,564]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">S. setosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
), plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD552A3628FE07FD9E" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[280,445,572,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD552A3628FE07FD9E" box="[280,445,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD55FE3629FDF1FD9F" box="[460,587,572,599]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chloris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD55FE3629FD9CFD9E" box="[460,550,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chloris</emphasis>
|
||||
sp
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56653628FD43FD9F" box="[599,761,573,599]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Merremia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56653628FD75FD9E" box="[599,719,573,598]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Merremia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57333629FB70FD9E" authority="(Hook. f.) D'Arcy" authorityName="D'Arcy" baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." box="[769,1226,572,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Exodeconus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="miersii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57333629FC54FD9E" box="[769,1006,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Exodeconus miersii</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.) D'Arcy
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD51373629FE5FFDB2" authority="Stewart. In" authorityName="Stewart. In" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD51373629FEFDFDB1" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Scalesia villosa</emphasis>
|
||||
Stewart. In
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cultivated areas it attends scale insects and is reported in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD54C53696FE1BFD55" box="[247,417,643,669]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C53696FE1BFD55" box="[247,417,643,669]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. officinarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD55823696FC43FD54" box="[432,1017,643,669]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD55823696FD86FD54" box="[432,572,643,669]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD567A3696FD61FD55" box="[584,731,643,669]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betaceum">S. betaceum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56D53696FCFDFD54" box="[743,839,643,668]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">Z. mays</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57613696FC43FD54" box="[851,1017,643,668]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">M. acuminata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD503A3696FB23FD54" box="[1032,1177,643,669]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitoense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD503A3696FB23FD54" box="[1032,1177,643,669]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. quitoense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In urban areas it was collected in gardens, trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56A336B3FCB7FD08" box="[657,781,678,704]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56A336B3FCB7FD08" box="[657,781,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, soil and leaf litter. It can easily be collected with pitfall traps, or tuna and honey baits.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E56FFCC54C537F9FCDAFBC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710408" box="[247,864,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710408/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E56FFCC54C537F9FCDAFBC9" blockId="36.[247,864,1003,1025]" box="[247,864,1003,1025]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Map 34. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E56FFCC55DE37F9FCE6FBC9" authority="Roger, 1863" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[492,860,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E56FFCC55DE37F9FD6CFBC8" box="[492,726,1003,1025]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Strumigenys louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
Roger, 1863
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E56FFCC54C53366FC26F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710410" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710410" box="[247,924,1906,1929]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710410/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[247,293,1907,1928]" targetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E56FFCC54C53366FC26F840" blockId="36.[247,924,1906,1929]" box="[247,924,1906,1929]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Map 35. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E56FFCC55DE3366FC2DF840" authority="(Emery, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[492,919,1906,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="membranifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E56FFCC55DE3366FD46F840" box="[492,764,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Strumigenys membranifera</emphasis>
|
||||
(Emery, 1869)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E57FFCD54C536ECFABCFC2D" blockId="37.[247,1385,760,998]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD54C536ECFD81FCDA" ID-CoL="55PJJ" baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[247,571,760,786]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C536ECFD81FCDA" box="[247,571,760,786]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tetramorium bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an introduced species impacting natural environments. In
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD54C5370EFECCFCFD" box="[247,374,795,821]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
it was identified as the probable cause of the extinction of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD501E3709FB6AFCFD" ID-CoL="QDYR" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[1068,1232,795,822]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD501E3709FB6AFCFD" box="[1068,1232,795,822]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on Española Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD5561372AFE49FC92" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[339,499,831,858]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="473 - 493" refId="ref23495" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1985. - Studies of the Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata in a Nino year. In: ROBINSON G. AND DEL PINO E. M. (eds). - El Nino en las Islas Galapagos: el Evento de 1982 - 1983. Charles Darwin Foundation, Quito, 473 - 493." type="book chapter" year="1985">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD5561372AFE1BFC90" baselines="850,851" box="[339,417,831,857]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1985
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Recent expeditions by the authors to Fernandina Island show that it is probably the main competitor of the endemic ant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57533777FC6DFCB4" ID-CoL="5X8JM" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[865,983,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57533777FC6DFCB4" box="[865,983,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, having invaded extensive areas around the trail to the summit. This suggests that its invasiveness potential is greater than previously thought (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD55DD37BDFCBAFC0A" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[495,768,936,962]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD55DD37BDFDDEFC09" baselines="955,956" box="[495,612,936,962]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD565C37BCFD0EFC0A" box="[622,692,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species has been recorded in ports, airports and tourist boats, suggesting continuous reintroductions to and within the archipelago.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
186
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFC854C5301FFD00F988.xml
Normal file
186
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFC854C5301FFD00F988.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
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<mods:namePart id="3C45200F8A31420561A5C86F2491CF66">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C5301FFD0AFBEC" box="[247,688,1034,1060]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C5301FFD0AFBEC" blockId="32.[247,981,1034,1131]" box="[247,688,1034,1060]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC854C5301FFD0AFBEC" authority="(Emery, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[247,688,1034,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eggersi">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C5301FFE49FBEC" bold="true" box="[247,499,1034,1060]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strumigenys eggersi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Emery, 1890)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C53038FC6FFBA2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53038FCD3FB8F" blockId="32.[247,981,1034,1131]" box="[247,873,1069,1096]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Egger's Pygmy Snapping Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC856593038FCDBFB8F" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[619,865,1069,1095]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC856593038FD6AFB8E" baselines="1088,1089" box="[619,720,1069,1095]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC856EA303BFCA1FB8F" box="[728,795,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53045FC6FFBA2" blockId="32.[247,981,1034,1131]" box="[247,981,1104,1131]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
(AntWeb: CASENT0625428, CASENT 0625429). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E52FFC8575E3045FC71FBA2" box="[876,971,1104,1130]" captionStart="Map 32" captionStartId="34.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@34.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Map 32. Distribution of Strumigenys eggersi (Emery, 1890)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710404/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Map 32</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C53095FD00F988" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53095FD00F988" blockId="32.[247,1385,1152,1600]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
A neotropical species found throughout Central and northern South America, numerous in the Caribbean islands and in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC8561530B6FD3BFB75" box="[551,641,1187,1213]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E52FFC856BF30B6FD65FB75" box="[653,735,1187,1213]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC856DD30B6FC2EFB75" author="KEMPF W." box="[751,916,1187,1214]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC856DD30B6FCFEFB74" baselines="1206,1207" box="[751,836,1187,1213]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8579230B1FB22FB75" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[928,1176,1187,1214]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8579230B1FBBFFB74" baselines="1207,1207" box="[928,1029,1188,1214]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8503930B1FBF5FB75" box="[1035,1103,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This introduced ant was collected for the first time in 2011 and is known only from the Humid Zone of Santa Cruz Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC855A130FCFD27FACB" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[403,669,1257,1283]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC855A130FCFDB2FACA" baselines="1276,1277" box="[403,520,1257,1283]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8562230FFFDE9FACB" box="[528,595,1257,1283]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The record in the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC857B530FCFBD8FACB" box="[903,1122,1257,1283]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC850B930FFFAB8FACB" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1163,1282,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eggersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC850B930FFFAB8FACB" box="[1163,1282,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. eggersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8552B3118FE69FAEE" box="[281,467,1292,1318]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8552B3118FE69FAEE" box="[281,467,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the first for an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8507D3119FAE7FAEE" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[1103,1373,1292,1318]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8507D3119FB7EFAED" baselines="1311,1312" box="[1103,1220,1292,1318]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC850FF3118FAA8FAEE" box="[1229,1298,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Little is known about its ecology in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC85691313AFC9CFA81" box="[675,806,1327,1353]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. In other parts of the world,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC850473125FAD3FA81" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1141,1385,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eggersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC850473125FAD3FA81" box="[1141,1385,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strumigenys eggersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an important predator of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC856673146FD5BFAA5" authorityName="Lubbock J" authorityYear="1870" box="[597,737,1363,1389]" class="Collembola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Collembola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fauna and can be abundant in secondary forests or seasonally dry habitats. Records of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8568C3163FC80FA58" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[702,826,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eggersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8568C3163FC80FA58" box="[702,826,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. eggersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in other localities originate from leaf litter, compost heaps, rotten twigs, gardens, coffee plantations and low epiphytes in second–growth forests (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8556A31A9FDB9FA1F" author="WEBER N." box="[344,515,1468,1495]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref26196" refString="WEBER N., 1952. - Biological notes on Dacetini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). American Museum Novitiates, 1554: 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1952">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8556A31A9FE09FA1D" baselines="1487,1488" box="[344,435,1468,1494]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Weber" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">WEBER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1952
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8562231A8FD07FA1E" author="BROWN W. L." box="[528,701,1468,1495]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="238 - 267" refId="ref21141" refString="BROWN W. L., 1962. - The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: Synopsis and keys to the species. Psyche, 69 (4): 238 - 267." type="journal article" year="1962">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8562231A8FDD7FA1D" baselines="1488,1488" box="[528,621,1469,1495]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1962
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC856F931A8FC27FA1E" author="MCGLYNN T. P." box="[715,925,1468,1495]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="535 - 548" refId="ref23680" refString="MCGLYNN T. P., 1999. - The worldwide transfer of ants: geographical distribution and ecological invasions. Journal of Biogeography, 26: 535 - 548." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC856F931A8FCF7FA1D" baselines="1488,1488" box="[715,845,1468,1495]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MCGLYNN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1999
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8579831A8FB60FA1E" author="LATTKE J. & GOITIA W." box="[938,1242,1467,1495]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="367 - 396" refId="ref23151" refString="LATTKE J. & GOITIA W., 1997. - El Genero Strumigenys (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en Venezuela. Caldasia, 19 (3): 367 - 396." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8579831A8FBB1FA1D" baselines="1488,1488" box="[938,1035,1469,1495]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lattke" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">LATTKE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8500631A9FB30FA1D" baselines="1487,1486" box="[1076,1162,1467,1494]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Goitia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GOITÍA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC850D531A8FED3FA31" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC850D531A8FAF1FA1D" baselines="1488,1488" box="[1255,1355,1469,1495]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8516131A8FEA7FA31" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is known to nest in leaf litter, hollow twigs, or nuts within the litter (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC850D731CAFED3F9D4" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC850D731CAFAF0FA30" baselines="1522,1523" box="[1253,1354,1503,1529]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8516131F5FEA7F9D4" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is also reported from the mainland of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E52FFC857493217FC65F9D4" box="[891,991,1538,1564]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
in the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC8500E3217FAADF9D4" box="[1084,1303,1538,1564]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Orellana province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in the Amazon region (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC855F03233FD17F988" author="MERTL A. L. & TRANIELLO F. & WILKIE K. & CONSTANTINO R." box="[450,685,1573,1600]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref24165" refString="MERTL A. L., TRANIELLO F. J, WILKIE K. & CONSTANTINO R., 2012. - Associations of two ecologally significant social insect taxa in the litter of an Amazonian Rainforest: Is there a relationship between ant and termite species richness? Psyche, 2012: 1 - 12. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1155 / 2012 / 312054." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC855F03233FDA0F9F7" baselines="1593,1594" box="[450,538,1574,1600]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mertl" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MERTL</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC856133233FDDEF9F7" box="[545,612,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
146
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFC854C534ACFC9DFD88.xml
Normal file
146
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFC854C534ACFC9DFD88.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="442C8859973D9BB71AA8FC440DBF6E66">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C534ACFC26FF1C" blockId="32.[247,1000,185,248]" box="[247,924,185,212]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC854C534ACFC26FF1C" authority="Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007" authorityName="Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay" authorityYear="2007" box="[247,924,185,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnoma">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C534ACFC26FF1C" bold="true" box="[247,924,185,212]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C534ACFE62FF1C" bold="true" box="[247,472,185,212]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Solenopsis gnoma</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC855D234AFFC26FF1C" author="PACHECO J. & HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W." box="[480,924,186,212]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1075 - 1086" refId="ref24285" refString="PACHECO J., HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W., 2007. - A new species of thief ant of the genus Solenopsis from the Galapagos Islands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology, 50 (3): 1075 - 1086." type="journal article" year="2007">Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
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|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C534C8FC52FF3F" box="[247,1000,221,248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C534C8FC52FF3F" blockId="32.[247,1000,185,248]" box="[247,1000,221,248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0104994, CASENT0104995). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E52FFC8574D34C8FC65FF3F" box="[895,991,221,247]" captionStart="Map 30" captionStartId="33.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-36@33.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Map 30. Distribution of Solenopsis gnoma Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710400/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Map 30</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C53518FC9DFD88" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53518FC9DFD88" blockId="32.[247,1386,269,576]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
This species of thief ant is probably endemic to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC857713518FC78FEEF" box="[835,962,269,295]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and is found on eight islands. It is usually collected in the Transition and the Humid zone. Museum records date back to 1986 on Sierra Negra volcano on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC856163546FDC3FEA5" box="[548,633,339,365]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. Nests have been observed in rotten logs, rotten branches and in nests of the introduced ant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC856583562FBF1FE58" authority="(PACHECO et al., 2007)" baseAuthorityName="PACHECO" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[618,1099,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC856583562FCA5FE58" box="[618,799,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">T. bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC857003563FBFBFE58" author="PACHECO J. & HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W." box="[818,1089,374,400]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1075 - 1086" refId="ref24285" refString="PACHECO J., HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W., 2007. - A new species of thief ant of the genus Solenopsis from the Galapagos Islands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology, 50 (3): 1075 - 1086." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC857003563FC1CFE47" baselines="393,394" box="[818,934,374,400]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pacheco" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">PACHECO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC857823562FC4CFE58" box="[944,1014,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. On
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC850B53563FAB4FE58" box="[1159,1294,374,400]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC854C5358CFE69FE7B" authorityName="Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay" authorityYear="2007" box="[247,467,409,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnoma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C5358CFE69FE7B" box="[247,467,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Solenopsis gnoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is primarily an inhabitant of humid areas, being found in litter of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC85137358CFAD3FE7B" box="[1285,1385,409,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC85137358CFAD3FE7B" box="[1285,1385,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Scalesia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forests, ferns, secondary successional forests,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8576335A8FC0FFE1E" box="[849,949,445,470]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8576335A8FC0FFE1E" box="[849,949,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Miconia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
zone and patches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC850D035A9FADBFE1E" box="[1250,1377,444,470]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC850D035A9FADBFE1E" box="[1250,1377,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sphagnum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Specimens were collected in urban areas on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8571F35F5FC6DFE31" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[813,983,479,505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8571F35F5FC6DFE31" box="[813,983,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC857D935F5FB35FE32" box="[1003,1167,480,506]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC857D935F5FB35FE32" box="[1003,1167,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8509635F5FABDFE31" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1188,1287,479,506]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8509635F5FABDFE31" box="[1188,1287,479,506]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and on grasses. In agricultural areas it is known from the crops
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC857E03616FBCFFDD5" box="[978,1141,515,541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC857E03616FBCFFDD5" box="[978,1141,515,541]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. tuberosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC850BB3616FA8BFDD5" box="[1161,1329,515,541]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC850BB3616FA96FDD5" box="[1161,1324,515,541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">M. esculenta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC854C53633FEC2FD88" box="[247,376,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C53633FEC2FD88" box="[247,376,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
planted under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8561E3633FD65FD88" box="[556,735,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8561E3633FD65FD88" box="[556,735,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
trees.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
370
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5.xml
Normal file
370
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="EE27E1EAD4D43FED8EE13049757D7AAC">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="99831CCEF0C4A38A83612A8E32826B6F">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="88A4D8FDC0999775715AAB346B26D641">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E52FFCB54C53277FC0BFEF5" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C53277FD0AF9B3" box="[247,688,1633,1660]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53277FD0AF9B3" blockId="32.[247,1033,1633,1731]" box="[247,688,1633,1660]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC854C53277FD0AF9B3" authority="(Emery, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[247,688,1633,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emmae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C53277FD0AF9B3" bold="true" box="[247,688,1633,1660]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC854C53277FE49F9B4" bold="true" box="[247,499,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strumigenys emmae</emphasis>
|
||||
(Emery, 1890)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFC854C53290FBB3F90A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C53290FD2FF957" blockId="32.[247,1033,1633,1731]" box="[247,661,1669,1695]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bow–Jawed Pygmy Snapping Ant</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFC854C532BDFBB3F90A" blockId="32.[247,1033,1633,1731]" box="[247,1033,1704,1731]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8553232BDFE4CF90A" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[256,502,1704,1730]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8553232BDFEDFF909" baselines="1723,1724" box="[256,357,1704,1730]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8555E32BCFE0AF90A" box="[364,432,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (ANTWEB: CASENT0173254). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E52FFC8579232BDFBBAF90A" box="[928,1024,1704,1730]" captionStart="Map 33" captionStartId="34.[247,293,1906,1927]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1084,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-37@34.[247,1386,1080,1885]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Map 33. Distribution of Strumigenys emmae (Emery, 1890)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710406" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710406/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Map 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E52FFCB54C532C2FC0BFEF5" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E52FFCB54C532C2FC0BFEF5" blockId="32.[247,1386,1751,1919]" lastBlockId="35.[247,1386,186,318]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
This Pantropical species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8561932CDFD75F93A" author="KEMPF W." box="[555,719,1752,1778]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8561932CDFD3AF939" baselines="1771,1772" box="[555,640,1752,1778]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC856E932CDFC3DF93A" author="BROWN W. L." box="[731,903,1752,1778]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="43 - 51" refId="ref21026" refString="BROWN W. L., 1949. - Revision of the ant tribe Dacetini: III. Epitritus Emery and Quadristruma new genus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 75: 43 - 51." type="journal article" year="1949">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC856E932CDFC82F938" baselines="1771,1771" box="[731,824,1752,1778]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1949
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC857A132CDFBFFF93A" author="BOLTON B." box="[915,1093,1752,1778]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="267 - 416" refId="ref20832" refString="BOLTON B., 1983. - The Afrotropical dacetine ants (Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 46: 267 - 416." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC857A132CDFC42F938" baselines="1771,1771" box="[915,1016,1752,1778]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC8506332CDFAFCF939" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[1105,1350,1751,1778]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC8506332CDFB0CF938" baselines="1771,1771" box="[1105,1206,1752,1778]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8508F32CDFABAF939" box="[1213,1280,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) is a tramp ant, which was introduced to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E52FFC8568932EEFC80F8DD" box="[699,826,1787,1813]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and has now been collected from four islands. It was reported for the first time in 1997 from a natural area in the Humid Zone of Floreana Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E52FFC855643354FDD4F893" author="PEZZATTI P. & IRZAN T. & CHERIX D." box="[342,622,1857,1883]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref24718" refString="PEZZATTI P., IRZAN T. & CHERIX D., 1998. - Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Floreana: lost paradise? Noticias de Galapagos, 59: 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E52FFC855643354FE70F892" baselines="1876,1877" box="[342,458,1857,1883]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pezzatti" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">PEZZATTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC855E53357FD9AF893" box="[471,544,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC856BA3354FCC5F893" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[648,895,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emmae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC856BA3354FCC5F893" box="[648,895,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Strumigenys emmae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an inhabitant of leaf litter in moist habitats. On Alcedo volcano, however, it was found in dry habitats near
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8507B3371FB0BF8B6" box="[1097,1201,1892,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8507B3371FB0BF8B6" box="[1097,1201,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. affinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E52FFC8508C3370FAD8F8B6" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1214,1378,1892,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E52FFC8508C3370FAD8F8B6" box="[1214,1378,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C534AEFD0DFEB1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D43FD093E51FFCB54C534AEFEA2FF1C" box="[247,280,187,212]" count="35" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="generic">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C534AEFEA2FF1C" box="[247,280,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W.</emphasis>
|
||||
</specimenCount>
|
||||
ovata and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55AE34AFFCB2FF1C" ID-CoL="KVTZ" authority="(L.)" box="[412,776,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Bastardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55AE34AFFDC9FF1C" box="[412,627,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bastardia viscosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(L.) Kunth)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This species can be found in urban areas (gardens mainly) and disturbed and cultivated areas.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB570434C8FB95FF3F" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[822,1071,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emmae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB570434C8FB95FF3F" box="[822,1071,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys emmae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has received very little attention in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB55A63515FDACFED2" box="[404,534,256,282]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, however it is a good colonizer and could be affecting terrestrial invertebrate (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB55A53531FD35FEF6" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[407,655,291,318]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB55A53531FE46FEF4" baselines="311,311" box="[407,508,292,318]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56363531FDFDFEF5" box="[516,583,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB56A93531FC1EFEF5" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[667,932,291,318]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB56A93531FCB5FEF4" baselines="311,311" box="[667,783,292,318]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57253531FCE9FEF5" box="[791,851,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E53FFC954C537F9FBB1FBC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710400" box="[247,1035,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710400/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E53FFC954C537F9FBB1FBC8" blockId="33.[247,1035,1003,1025]" box="[247,1035,1003,1025]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Map 30. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E53FFC955DE37FEFBBDFBC8" authority="Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007" authorityName="Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay" authorityYear="2007" box="[492,1031,1003,1025]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnoma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E53FFC955DE37FEFD1BFBC9" box="[492,673,1003,1025]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Solenopsis gnoma</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E53FFC9569A37FEFBBDFBC8" author="PACHECO J. & HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W." box="[680,1031,1003,1025]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1075 - 1086" refId="ref24285" refString="PACHECO J., HERRERA H. W. & MACKAY W., 2007. - A new species of thief ant of the genus Solenopsis from the Galapagos Islands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology, 50 (3): 1075 - 1086." type="journal article" year="2007">Pacheco, Herrera & Mackay, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E53FFC954C53366FC8CF840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710402" box="[247,822,1906,1929]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710402/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[247,293,1907,1928]" targetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E53FFC954C53366FC8CF840" blockId="33.[247,822,1906,1929]" box="[247,822,1906,1929]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Map 31. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E53FFC955DE3366FDC0F840" box="[492,634,1907,1928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E53FFC955DE3366FDE2F840" box="[492,600,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Solenopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
hh06 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E53FFC956F23366FC92F840" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1895" box="[704,808,1907,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="basalis">
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E53FFC956D33366FC92F840" box="[737,808,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">basalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E50FFCA54C537F9FCEDFBC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710404" box="[247,855,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710404/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E50FFCA54C537F9FCEDFBC8" blockId="34.[247,855,1003,1025]" box="[247,855,1003,1025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
Map 32. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E50FFCA55DE37F9FCE9FBC8" authority="(Emery, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[492,851,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eggersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E50FFCA55DE37F9FD02FBC9" box="[492,696,1004,1025]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Strumigenys eggersi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Emery, 1890)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E50FFCA54C53367FCEFF84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710406" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710406" box="[247,853,1905,1927]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710406/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[247,293,1906,1927]" targetBox="[251,1382,1084,1883]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E50FFCA54C53367FCEFF84F" blockId="34.[247,853,1905,1927]" box="[247,853,1905,1927]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
Map 33. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E50FFCA55DE3367FCEAF84F" authority="(Emery, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[492,848,1906,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emmae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E50FFCA55DE3367FD0FF84F" box="[492,693,1906,1927]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Strumigenys emmae</emphasis>
|
||||
(Emery, 1890)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C5354AFD0DFEB1" box="[247,695,351,378]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C5354AFD0DFEB1" blockId="35.[247,762,351,413]" box="[247,695,351,378]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C5354AFD0DFEB1" ID-CoL="536DV" authority="Roger, 1863" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[247,695,351,378]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C5354AFDA1FEB2" bold="true" box="[247,539,351,378]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
Roger, 1863
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C53596FD40FE55" box="[247,762,386,413]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C53596FD40FE55" blockId="35.[247,762,351,413]" box="[247,762,386,413]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173257). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E51FFCB56A33596FD48FE55" box="[657,754,387,413]" captionStart="Map 34" captionStartId="36.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@36.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Map 34. Distribution of Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710408/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Map 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E51FFCB54C535A7FDE3FC13" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E51FFCB54C535A7FDE3FC13" blockId="35.[247,1386,434,988]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Widespread in the Americas, from Southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E51FFCB577235A7FC53FE04" box="[832,1001,434,460]" name="United States of America" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E51FFCB502D35A7FB22FE04" box="[1055,1176,434,460]" name="Argentina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB508235A7FADEFE04" author="BROWN W. L." box="[1200,1380,434,461]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="58 - 69" refId="ref21108" refString="BROWN W. L., 1961. - The Neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: miscellaneous concluding studies. Psyche, 68: 58 - 69." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB508235A7FAB4FE03" baselines="453,454" box="[1200,1294,434,460]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1961
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB54C535C3FE13FE27" author="BROWN W. L." box="[247,425,469,496]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="238 - 267" refId="ref21141" refString="BROWN W. L., 1962. - The neotropical species of the ant genus Strumigenys Fr. Smith: Synopsis and keys to the species. Psyche, 69 (4): 238 - 267." type="journal article" year="1962">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB54C535C3FEEEFE26" baselines="489,489" box="[247,340,470,496]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1962
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB558E35C3FDDCFE38" author="KEMPF W." box="[444,614,470,496]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB558E35C3FDAAFE27" baselines="489,490" box="[444,528,470,496]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB564B35C3FCF2FE38" author="BRANDAO R." box="[633,840,469,496]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB564B35C3FD49FE26" baselines="489,488" box="[633,755,469,496]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1991
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB576935C3FBDDFE27" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[859,1127,469,496]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB576935C3FC7AFE26" baselines="489,489" box="[859,960,470,496]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57FC35C3FBA2FE27" box="[974,1048,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB504B35C3FB44FE27" baselines="489,490" box="[1145,1278,470,496]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
2014b).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C535ECFDAEFDDB" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[247,532,505,531]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C535ECFDAEFDDB" box="[247,532,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an introduced ant that is only recorded on the inhabited islands. It was recorded for the first time in 1981–1982 on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB57723609FC7EFDFE" box="[832,964,540,566]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB57E73609FBD4FDFE" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[981,1134,540,566]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">Lubin, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nests can be found under soil and rotten wood. It is the most common
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB57AF362AFB2DFD91" box="[925,1175,575,601]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57AF362AFB88FD91" box="[925,1074,575,601]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collected in the Transition and Humid Zone. In the Humid Zone it usually occurs in leaf litter where it preys on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C53690FE3EFD57" authorityName="Lubbock J" authorityYear="1870" box="[247,388,645,671]" class="Collembola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Collembola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB55A03690FD94FD57" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[402,558,645,672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB55A03690FE5AFD56" baselines="664,665" box="[402,480,645,671]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB560A3693FC96FD57" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[568,812,645,672]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB560A3693FD26FD56" baselines="665,665" box="[568,668,646,672]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56903693FD5EFD57" box="[674,740,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB570D3693FBE2FD57" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[831,1112,645,672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB570D3693FBE2FD57" box="[831,1112,645,672]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Strumigenys louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also inhabits disturbed areas including gardens in human settlements. Other records come from forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C536D9FE10FD2D" box="[247,426,715,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C536D9FE10FD2D" box="[247,426,715,742]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB558E36D9FCE1FD2D" box="[444,859,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB558E36D9FD3AFD2D" box="[444,640,715,741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">P. galapageium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56BD36D9FCE1FD2D" box="[655,859,715,741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robinsoniana">M. robinsoniana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB57A936D9FB9AFD2D" box="[923,1056,716,741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57A936D9FB9AFD2D" box="[923,1056,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In cultivated areas it was found on the crops
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55D636FAFD32FCC0" box="[484,648,751,776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB55D636FAFD32FCC0" box="[484,648,751,776]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. americana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56AA36FAFC98FCC0" box="[664,802,750,777]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56AA36FAFCA7FCC0" box="[664,797,750,777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">C. arabica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB571836FAFBE2FCC0" authorityName="Lambinon" authorityYear="2004" box="[810,1112,750,777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB571836FAFC0CFCC0" box="[810,950,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57C736FAFBE2FCC0" box="[1013,1112,751,776]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB505A36FAFC6AFCE3" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB505A36FAFB70FCC0" box="[1128,1226,751,776]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">Z. mays</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB50E536FAFADEFCC0" box="[1239,1380,751,777]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C53707FE34FCE3" box="[247,398,785,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betaceum">S. betaceum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB55AF3707FDE1FCE3" box="[413,603,785,811]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">M. paradisiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB565B3707FD45FCE3" box="[617,767,786,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitoense">S. quitoense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB573C3707FC6AFCE3" box="[782,976,785,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">S. lycopersicum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB57D33704FB3FFCE4" box="[993,1157,785,812]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB57D33704FBE3FCE3" box="[993,1113,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paspalum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB50F73707FAD8FCE3" box="[1221,1378,785,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB50F73707FAD8FCE3" box="[1221,1378,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB55973720FDEAFC87" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[421,592,821,847]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB55973720FE4BFC86" baselines="840,841" box="[421,497,821,847]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(1984)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB56533720FCBAFC87" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[609,768,821,847]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB56533720FCBAFC87" box="[609,768,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the few species that is not affected by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB54C5374CFE7BFCBA" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[247,449,857,882]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB54C5374CFE7BFCBA" box="[247,449,857,882]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Nevertheless, recent observations from farms of Bellavista Village (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E51FFCB5116374DFE88FC5D" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island), revealed that nests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB5693376EFC86FC5D" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[673,828,891,917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="louisianae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB5693376EFC86FC5D" box="[673,828,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. louisianae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be preyed upon by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E51FFCB50693769FA9FFC5D" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1115,1317,892,917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB50693769FA9FFC5D" box="[1115,1317,892,917]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This ant is a predator of small arthropods, but little is known about its impact in Galapagos (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB50CF378BFADBFC7F" baselines="945,946" box="[1277,1377,926,952]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wilson" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">WILSON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1953;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E51FFCB557137D4FDF6FC13" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[323,588,961,988]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E51FFCB557137D4FE02FC12" baselines="980,981" box="[323,440,961,987]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E51FFCB558D37D7FE4EFC13" box="[447,500,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
152
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA.xml
Normal file
152
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="3A66E91EB3657F84E3EEDF207168F721">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9434AA86A0FE3003A5B4E94ED292884D">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7853172CB7B3880ABCF940255CB4C578">Pozo, Paola</mods:namePart>
|
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|
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<mods:namePart id="5BED13710B9143B7EE46D0AB859FF20F">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E55FFCF54C5317CFE2AF8DA" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C5317CFD65FA4B" blockId="39.[247,762,1385,1482]" box="[247,735,1385,1412]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C5317CFD65FA4B" ID-CoL="55PPL" authority="Wheeler, 1905" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1905" box="[247,735,1385,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucayanum">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C5317CFD65FA4B" bold="true" box="[247,735,1385,1412]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C5317CFD95FA4C" bold="true" box="[247,559,1385,1412]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium lucayanum</emphasis>
|
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Wheeler, 1905
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E55FFCF54C53199FD40FA02" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C53199FDCEFA6E" blockId="39.[247,762,1385,1482]" box="[247,628,1420,1447]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
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Ebony Ant (
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, 2011c)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C531A5FD40FA02" blockId="39.[247,762,1385,1482]" box="[247,762,1455,1482]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0625424). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E55FFCF56A331A5FD48FA02" box="[657,754,1456,1482]" captionStart="Map 40" captionStartId="42.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@42.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Map 40. Distribution of Tetramorium lucayanum Wheeler, 1905." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710420" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710420/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Map 40</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E55FFCF54C531CAFE2AF8DA" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C531CAFE2AF8DA" blockId="39.[247,1386,1503,1810]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
An uncommon species in Galápagos, it is known from Neotropical (Antilles and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF513C31CAFAE6FA31" box="[1294,1372,1503,1529]" name="Brazil" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||||
), Paleartic (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF55433217FE10F9D4" box="[369,426,1538,1564]" name="Italy" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF55D43217FD8AF9D4" box="[486,560,1538,1564]" name="Ireland" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Irland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) and Afrotropical regions (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF57493217FB9AF9D4" author="KEMPF W." box="[891,1056,1538,1565]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF57493217FC6AF9D3" baselines="1557,1558" box="[891,976,1538,1564]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF501C3216FB4DF9D4" author="BRANDAO R." box="[1070,1271,1538,1565]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF501C3216FB12F9D3" baselines="1558,1557" box="[1070,1192,1538,1565]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1991
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF51363216FE2EF9F7" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF51363216FAD3F9D3" baselines="1558,1558" box="[1284,1385,1539,1565]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C53233FEF9F9F7" box="[247,323,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF559B3233FD97F9F7" baselines="1593,1594" box="[425,557,1574,1600]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2011c). This tramp species is dispersed by human commerce (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF5532325CFECBF9A9" baselines="1628,1628" box="[256,369,1609,1635]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fontela" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FONTELA</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 1995;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF55EE325CFD0FF9AB" author="MCGLYNN T. P." box="[476,693,1609,1635]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="535 - 548" refId="ref23680" refString="MCGLYNN T. P., 1999. - The worldwide transfer of ants: geographical distribution and ecological invasions. Journal of Biogeography, 26: 535 - 548." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF55EE325CFDE4F9AA" baselines="1628,1628" box="[476,606,1609,1635]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MCGLYNN</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 1999
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF56FB325CFCF7F9AA" baselines="1628,1629" box="[713,845,1609,1635]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2011c).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF57FD325CFABBF9AA" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1905" box="[975,1281,1608,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucayanum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF57FD325CFABBF9AA" box="[975,1281,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium lucayanum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is only known from the littoral and humid zones on Isabela Island. A few specimens were collected in 1986 during the dry season in a deciduous steppe forest of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF57D23285FB35F961" box="[992,1167,1679,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF57D23285FB35F961" box="[992,1167,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF5090329AFE83F904" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF5090329AFAADF960" baselines="1698,1699" box="[1186,1303,1679,1705]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF51103285FAD3F961" box="[1314,1385,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In other parts of the world it inhabits a wide range of habitats and nests have been found under stones, beneath bark of trees and near termite nests (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF578A32C0FBEFF927" author="SMITH M. R." box="[952,1109,1749,1776]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="819 - 875" refId="ref25151" refString="SMITH M. R., 1936. - The ants of Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 20: 819 - 875." type="journal article" year="1936">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF578A32C0FBBCF926" baselines="1768,1769" box="[952,1030,1749,1775]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Smith" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">SMITH</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1936
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF505332C3FB44F927" author="MANN W. M." box="[1121,1278,1749,1776]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="403 - 439" refId="ref23643" refString="MANN W. M., 1920. - Additions to the ant fauna of the West Indies and Central America. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 42: 403 - 439." type="journal article" year="1920">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF505332C3FB0AF926" baselines="1769,1769" box="[1121,1200,1750,1776]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mann" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MANN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1920
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF513832C3FE3EF8DA" author="DEJEAN A. & DURAND J. L. & BOLTON B." pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="701 - 713" refId="ref21751" refString="DEJEAN A., DURAND J. L. & BOLTON B., 1996. - Ants inhabiting Cubitermes termitaries in African rain forest. Biotropica, 28 (4): 701 - 713." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF513832C3FAD3F926" baselines="1769,1769" box="[1290,1385,1750,1776]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Dejean" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">DEJEAN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C532ECFE81F8DA" box="[247,315,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1996
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
135
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135
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C534AFFD59FF1C" ID-CoL="55PPC" authority="Mayr, 1870" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1870" box="[247,739,185,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
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|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C534AFFDF2FF1C" bold="true" box="[247,584,185,212]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium lanuginosum</emphasis>
|
||||
Mayr, 1870
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E55FFCF54C534C8FD40FED2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C534C8FCE3FF3F" blockId="39.[247,857,185,282]" box="[247,857,221,247]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Wooly Groove–Headed Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF566934C8FCEBFF3F" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[603,849,221,247]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
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|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF56F534CBFCB1FF3F" box="[711,779,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C53515FD40FED2" blockId="39.[247,857,185,282]" box="[247,762,256,282]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173289). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E55FFCF56A33515FD4BFED2" box="[657,753,256,282]" captionStart="Map 38" captionStartId="40.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@40.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Map 38. Distribution of Tetramorium lanuginosum Mayr, 1870." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710416" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710416/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Map 38</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E55FFCF54C53525FD16FD38" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C53525FD16FD38" blockId="39.[247,1386,304,752]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
An ant known from some states in the south of the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF57413525FBACFE82" box="[883,1046,304,330]" name="United States of America" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Caribbean islands, Central America,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF55473541FE4BFEA5" box="[373,497,339,366]" name="China" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">East Asia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E55FFCF56363546FDCFFEA5" box="[516,629,339,365]" name="Australia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Oceania and the western Old World (
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF50423546FB4CFEA4" baselines="358,359" box="[1136,1270,339,365]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010b).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C53562FDF9FE58" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1870" box="[247,579,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C53562FDF9FE58" box="[247,579,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium lanuginosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a tramp ant previously only known from Floreana Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF5532358CFDB2FE7B" author="PEZZATTI P. & IRZAN T. & CHERIX D." box="[256,520,409,435]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref24718" refString="PEZZATTI P., IRZAN T. & CHERIX D., 1998. - Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Floreana: lost paradise? Noticias de Galapagos, 59: 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF5532358CFECEFE7A" baselines="428,429" box="[256,372,409,435]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pezzatti" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">PEZZATTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF5549358FFE05FE7B" box="[379,447,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is currently recorded on 15 islands. Recent collections and revisions of museum material show it to be distributed in natural and disturbed areas, including human settlements and places visited by tourists. Nests can be found under rocks and in soil. The species is mainly established in dry areas of Galápagos and has been collected under mangrove plants and stones, on beaches, on dry shrubs, and visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF50A83633FAD8FD88" box="[1178,1378,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF50A83633FAD8FD88" box="[1178,1378,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C5365FFDFBFDAB" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1870" box="[247,577,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C5365FFDFBFDAB" box="[247,577,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium lanuginosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was the only ant species collected on Wolf Island during an intensive survey (more than 5 hours) and it may outcompete other ant species on some of the smaller islands. Although
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF56023685FD50FD61" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1870" box="[560,746,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF56023685FD50FD61" box="[560,746,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">T. lanuginosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is not considered invasive in other parts of the world, it has potential to impact island ecosystems (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF577936A7FBDFFD04" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[843,1125,690,716]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF577936A7FC7AFD03" baselines="709,710" box="[843,960,690,716]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF57E336A6FBAFFD04" box="[977,1045,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF504B36A6FB44FD03" baselines="710,710" box="[1145,1278,691,717]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
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, 2010b;
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF54C536C3FEC7FD26" baselines="745,745" box="[247,381,726,752]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
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&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF559136C3FDF5FD26" baselines="745,745,744,744,745" box="[419,591,725,752]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hita-Garcia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">HITA–GARCIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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|
||||
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|
||||
186
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186
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C53704FD8BFCE4" bold="true" box="[247,561,785,812]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium simillimum</emphasis>
|
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(Smith, 1851)
|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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Similar Groove–Headed Ant (
|
||||
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF56FC3723FCA8FC87" box="[718,786,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C5374DFD40FCBA" blockId="39.[247,864,785,882]" box="[247,762,856,882]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173291). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E55FFCF56A3374DFD4BFCBA" box="[657,753,856,882]" captionStart="Map 39" captionStartId="40.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@40.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Map 39. Distribution of Tetramorium simillimum (Smith, 1851)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710418" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710418/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Map 39</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E55FFCF54C5379DFC23FA8F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E55FFCF54C5379DFC23FA8F" blockId="39.[247,1386,903,1351]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
A widespread species in the tropics (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF568A379DFCE7FC6A" author="KEMPF W." box="[696,861,904,930]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF568A379DFCB7FC69" baselines="923,924" box="[696,781,904,930]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF5759379DFB9AFC6A" author="BOLTON B." box="[875,1056,904,930]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="129 - 181" refId="ref20784" refString="BOLTON B., 1979. - The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Malagasy region and in the New World. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 38: 129 - 181." type="journal article" year="1979">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF5759379DFC6AFC68" baselines="923,923" box="[875,976,904,930]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1979
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF501F379DFB4DFC6A" author="BRANDAO R." box="[1069,1271,903,930]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF501F379DFB1DFC68" baselines="923,922" box="[1069,1191,903,930]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1991
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF5136379DFAD3FC68" baselines="923,923" box="[1284,1385,904,930]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
e
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF553637BEFEF8FC0D" box="[260,322,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">t al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006). This introduced ant was first collected around 1900 from Floreana Island (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF54CD37DBFEC3FC2F" baselines="993,994" box="[255,377,974,1000]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). Now it is recorded from 13 other islands. Nests can be found under rocks, soil and rotten wood. Workers were observed foraging on sandy beaches in plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF517C37E4FECEFBE6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF517C37E4FECEFBE6" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in leaf litter in dry and humid areas in secondary growth forest, and natural areas such as the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF554F3022FE5BFB99" box="[381,481,1079,1105]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF554F3022FE5BFB99" box="[381,481,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Scalesia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forest in the highlands of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E55FFCF57213022FC23FB99" box="[787,921,1079,1105]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF5791302DFB77FB99" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[931,1229,1079,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillimum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF5791302DFB77FB99" box="[931,1229,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tetramorium simillimum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a common species in cultivated areas of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E55FFCF5664304FFD67FBBC" box="[598,733,1114,1140]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Floreana and San Cristóbal being reported in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C5306BFEC1FB5F" box="[247,379,1150,1176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C5306BFEC1FB5F" box="[247,379,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF5581306BFDE9FB5F" box="[435,595,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF5581306BFDF5FB5F" box="[435,591,1149,1175]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">M. esculenta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In urban areas it was observed foraging between grass, under trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF552C30B4FE07FB72" box="[286,445,1185,1210]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF552C30B4FE07FB72" box="[286,445,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in branches of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF56A530B4FC19FB72" box="[663,931,1184,1211]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF56A530B4FD58FB73" box="[663,738,1185,1211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Citrus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
x aurantiifolia
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(Christm.) Swingle,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF508630B4FAD8FB72" box="[1204,1378,1185,1210]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF508630B4FAD8FB72" box="[1204,1378,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">M. acuminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF54C530D1FEC5FB16" box="[247,383,1220,1246]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF54C530D1FEC5FB16" box="[247,383,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF55BF30D1FD92FB16" box="[397,552,1220,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cherimola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF55BF30D1FD92FB16" box="[397,552,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A. cherimola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF560530D1FD7FFB16" box="[567,709,1220,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF560530D1FD7FFB16" box="[567,709,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">S. purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF56E630D1FC89FB16" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[724,819,1220,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF56E630D1FC89FB16" box="[724,819,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF575F30D0FB8CFB16" box="[877,1078,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF575F30D0FC7CFB16" box="[877,966,1221,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosa">H. rosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E55FFCF57E530D0FB8CFB16" box="[983,1078,1221,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. It is frequently collected in landfill and waste treatment areas, ports and airports. It has a minor ecological impact in places where it has been introduced (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF569C311FFC8FFAEB" baselines="1309,1310" box="[686,821,1290,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF576B311FFBBCFAEB" baselines="1309,1310,1309,1309,1310" box="[857,1030,1290,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hita-Garcia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">HITA–GARCIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015). It is rated to have low invasive potential in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E55FFCF55C13138FDC8FA8F" box="[499,626,1325,1351]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E55FFCF56B03138FC36FA8F" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[642,908,1325,1351]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E55FFCF56B03138FD43FA8E" baselines="1344,1345" box="[642,761,1325,1351]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E55FFCF5732313BFCF9FA8F" box="[768,835,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
233
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233
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|
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|
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|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3EC6CD37166186E9997941D5FA3F1BC4" type="CLB-Dataset">302430</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="63148BBD14B99219F7D56CE3F2E67BD7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="EEC39C50DEAE6CC029087106E892AEE6" type="GBIF-Dataset">83b9d93e-6482-4509-82e7-d477e479612b</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FA5F93BA269557E6FED6340D5ACC608A" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FAADD5D20B41250E52A37F2373815F46" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3414D1B2D702B0CEF6D72E6F169998EB" type="ZooBank">2612CE09-F7FF-45CD-B52E-99F04DC2AA56</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E57FFCD54C53012FEFFF924" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E57FFCD54C53012FEFFF924" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E57FFCD54C53012FEFFF924" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E57FFCD54C53012FD62FBE9" box="[247,728,1031,1058]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E57FFCD54C53012FD62FBE9" blockId="37.[247,883,1031,1128]" box="[247,728,1031,1058]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD54C53012FD62FBE9" ID-CoL="55PJW" authority="(Roger, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[247,728,1031,1058]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C53012FD62FBE9" bold="true" box="[247,728,1031,1058]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C53012FD99FBEA" bold="true" box="[247,547,1031,1058]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tetramorium caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
(Roger, 1857)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E57FFCD54C5303EFD40FBA0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E57FFCD54C5303EFCC9FB8D" blockId="37.[247,883,1031,1128]" box="[247,883,1067,1093]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
Confused Groove Headed Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD5647303EFCD1FB8D" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[629,875,1067,1093]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD5647303EFD60FB8C" baselines="1086,1087" box="[629,730,1067,1093]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56D3303EFC9FFB8D" box="[737,805,1067,1093]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E57FFCD54C5305BFD40FBA0" blockId="37.[247,883,1031,1128]" box="[247,762,1102,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173287). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E57FFCD56A3305BFD4BFBA0" box="[657,753,1102,1128]" captionStart="Map 37" captionStartId="38.[247,293,1906,1927]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1084,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-37@38.[247,1386,1080,1885]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Map 37. Distribution of Tetramorium caldarium (Roger, 1857)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710414" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710414/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Map 37</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E57FFCD54C5306BFEFFF924" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E57FFCD54C5306BFEFFF924" blockId="37.[247,1386,1149,1772]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
An uncommon species in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD561D3068FD0BFB5F" box="[559,689,1149,1175]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, known from tropical and temperate zones (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD50F23068FADFFB5F" author="KEMPF W." box="[1216,1381,1149,1176]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD50F23068FAACFB5E" baselines="1168,1169" box="[1216,1302,1149,1175]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD54C530B4FE13FB73" author="BOLTON B." box="[247,425,1185,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="129 - 181" refId="ref20784" refString="BOLTON B., 1979. - The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Malagasy region and in the New World. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 38: 129 - 181." type="journal article" year="1979">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD54C530B4FEE6FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[247,348,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1979
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD558630B4FD13FB72" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[436,681,1184,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD558630B4FDA3FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[436,537,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD562D30B4FDDBFB72" box="[543,609,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD568030B4FC65FB73" author="BHARTI H. & KUMAR R." box="[690,991,1185,1211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="11 - 35" refId="ref20709" refString="BHARTI H. & KUMAR R., 2012. - Taxonomic studies on genus Tetramorium Mayr, with report of two new species and three new records including a tramp species from India with a revised key. Zookeys, 207: 11 - 35." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD568030B4FCB5FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[690,783,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bharti" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">BHARTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD570030B4FC35FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[818,911,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kumar" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">KUMAR</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This tramp ant occurs in natural and inhabited areas of dry and humid zones on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD571930D1FC0AFB16" box="[811,944,1220,1246]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and Floreana. It was reported for the first time in 1998 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD55E330F2FD6EFAC9" author="PEZZATTI P. & IRZAN T. & CHERIX D." box="[465,724,1255,1281]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref24718" refString="PEZZATTI P., IRZAN T. & CHERIX D., 1998. - Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Floreana: lost paradise? Noticias de Galapagos, 59: 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD55E330F2FDFFFAC8" baselines="1274,1275" box="[465,581,1255,1281]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pezzatti" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PEZZATTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD567930FDFD37FAC9" box="[587,653,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Revisions at ICCDRS showed it was already collected around 1992.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD5590311EFD7CFAEC" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[418,710,1290,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD5590311EFD7CFAEC" box="[418,710,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tetramorium caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be found in dense forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD5056311FFAA0FAEC" box="[1124,1306,1290,1316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD5056311FFAA0FAEC" box="[1124,1306,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the highlands (areas also occupied by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD568A3138FCF9FA8F" box="[696,835,1325,1351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD568A3138FCF9FA8F" box="[696,835,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD576A313BFBA2FA8F" box="[856,1048,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD576A313BFC0FFA8F" box="[856,949,1325,1351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD501F313BFB1EFA8F" box="[1069,1188,1325,1351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD501F313BFB1EFA8F" box="[1069,1188,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD5088313BFADBFA8F" box="[1210,1377,1325,1351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD5088313BFADBFA8F" box="[1210,1377,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD54C53145FE0CFAA2" box="[247,438,1360,1386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chiococca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C53145FE0CFAA2" box="[247,438,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chiococca alba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Hitchc.) and open shrublands (composed of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD503C3144FB15FAA2" box="[1038,1199,1360,1386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD503C3144FB15FAA2" box="[1038,1199,1360,1386]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50DE3144FAEDFAA2" box="[1260,1367,1361,1386]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD50DE3144FAEDFAA2" box="[1260,1367,1361,1386]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). In the transition area it is present in forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD57793161FBB4FA45" box="[843,1038,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD57793161FBB4FA45" box="[843,1038,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P. galapageium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50103161FB10FA45" box="[1058,1194,1395,1422]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD50103161FB10FA45" box="[1058,1194,1395,1422]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD50DF3161FADBFA45" box="[1261,1377,1395,1421]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD50DF3161FADBFA45" box="[1261,1377,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD54C53182FDA2FA78" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[247,536,1430,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD54C53182FDA2FA78" box="[247,536,1430,1456]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tetramorium caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also present in herbaceous vegetation (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD503A3183FDB1FA1B" authority="(M. Martens & Galeotti) Moldenke" authorityName="Moldenke" baseAuthorityName="M. Martens & Galeotti" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Phyla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strigulosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD503A3183FB77FA78" box="[1032,1229,1430,1456]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phyla strigulosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(M. Martens & Galeotti) Moldenke
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and occasionally in grasses. This species can also be found in open forest (composed of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD563431C8FD28FA3E" box="[518,658,1500,1526]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD563431C8FD28FA3E" box="[518,658,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P. juliflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD569B31C8FC9FFA3E" box="[681,805,1501,1527]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Scutia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD569B31C8FC9FFA3E" box="[681,805,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">S. spicata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with occasional trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD504531C8FA9EFA3E" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1143,1316,1500,1526]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD504531C8FA9EFA3E" box="[1143,1316,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and cultivated areas. On
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD55C43215FD3BF9D2" box="[502,641,1536,1562]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56BD3214FC94F9D2" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[655,814,1536,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56BD3214FC94F9D2" box="[655,814,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was collected near a landfill area located in a deciduous forest of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56323231FD15F9F5" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[512,687,1571,1597]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56323231FD15F9F5" box="[512,687,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD56F53231FC48F9F5" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[711,1010,1571,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD56F53231FC48F9F5" box="[711,1010,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Tetramorium caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected in boats transporting tourists to other islands and it is likely that other areas in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD50563253FB59F9A8" box="[1124,1251,1606,1632]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
have been invaded by this ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD55C3327CFD21F94B" author="LOMAS E." box="[497,667,1641,1668]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). According to
|
||||
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|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD5036327FFB0AF94A" baselines="1661,1661,1660,1660,1661" box="[1028,1200,1641,1668]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hita-Garcia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">HITA–GARCIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(2015) there is no evidence that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E57FFCD55F13298FDE4F96E" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[451,606,1676,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caldarium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD55F13298FDE4F96E" box="[451,606,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">T. caldarium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a significant ecological impact on native fauna in other parts of the world and it is possible that its invasive rating in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E57FFCD57A132BAFBA8F901" box="[915,1042,1711,1737]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is too high (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E57FFCD509A32A5FE83F924" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E57FFCD509A32A5FAA4F900" baselines="1731,1731" box="[1192,1310,1712,1738]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E57FFCD511732A5FAE3F901" box="[1317,1369,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
104
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Normal file
104
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E59FFC354C53207FABBF8E6.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C53207FD11F9E3" ID-CoL="3NXZJ" authority="(Wheeler, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[247,683,1553,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beebei">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C53207FE52F9E4" bold="true" box="[247,488,1553,1580]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hypoponera beebei</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wheeler, 1924)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
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|
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|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173306). (
|
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E59FFC356A33220FD48F987" box="[657,754,1589,1615]" captionStart="Map 43" captionStartId="44.[247,293,1016,1037]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-355@44.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Map 43. Distribution of Hypoponera beebei (Wheeler, 1924)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710426/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Map 43</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
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|
||||
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|
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|
||||
Only known from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E59FFC355D33271FDDAF9B6" box="[481,608,1636,1662]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC356463271FCC2F9B6" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[628,888,1636,1662]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
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||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC357A23270FBBDF9B6" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[912,1031,1636,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beebei">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC357A23270FBBDF9B6" box="[912,1031,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H. beebei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found on eight islands in natural areas, humid zones and occasionally in the dry and littoral zones. It was collected for the first time in 1923 from Genovesa Island and could be endemic (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC3500D32BEFB02F90C" baselines="1726,1727" box="[1087,1208,1707,1733]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924). In the littoral zones specimens have been collected under stones and on sandy beaches surrounded by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C532E4FE20F8C3" box="[247,410,1777,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C532E4FE20F8C3" box="[247,410,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has been collected from leaf litter in the humid areas. On Fernandina a few specimens were collected in an area with ferns and grasses near the summit (
|
||||
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|
||||
).
|
||||
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227
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<mods:title id="1F3728915DE0F48B4E6A0D7AECCA7584">Belgian Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:date id="16307FF1780875BAAE30B1060CC5F918">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="5C5C43A8AFC8CA2B2BA4D5C748281A6E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EC87963E5BFFC154C534ACFB9DFC64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E5BFFC154C534ACFB9DFC64" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E5BFFC154C534ACFB9DFC64" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5BFFC154C534ACFD4CFF1C" box="[247,758,185,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C534ACFD4CFF1C" blockId="41.[247,813,185,282]" box="[247,758,185,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C534ACFD4CFF1C" authority="(Jerdon, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[247,758,185,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C534ACFD4CFF1C" bold="true" box="[247,758,185,212]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C534ACFD8FFF1C" bold="true" box="[247,565,185,212]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jerdon, 1851)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5BFFC154C534C8FD40FED2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C534C8FC97FF3F" blockId="41.[247,813,185,282]" box="[247,813,221,247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Destructive Trailing Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1561D34C8FC9FFF3F" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[559,805,221,247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156AE34CBFD65FF3F" box="[668,735,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C53515FD40FED2" blockId="41.[247,813,185,282]" box="[247,762,256,282]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173269). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5BFFC156A33515FD4BFED2" box="[657,753,256,282]" captionStart="Map 41" captionStartId="42.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@42.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Map 41. Distribution of Trichomyrmex destructor (Jerdon, 1851)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710422" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710422/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Map 41</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5BFFC154C53525FB9DFC64" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C53525FE32FD38" blockId="41.[247,1386,304,752]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
A cosmopolitan species and a tramp ant (
|
||||
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|
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&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157803525FBADFE81" baselines="323,324" box="[946,1047,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Taylor" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">TAYLOR</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1967;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC150B33525FADEFE83" author="ESPADALER X." box="[1153,1380,304,331]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="27 - 32" refId="ref21963" refString="ESPADALER X., 2005. - Monomorium destructor, la hormiga de Singapur, detectada y detenida en el puerto de Barcelona (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Orsis, 20: 27 - 32." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC150B33525FAB4FE81" baselines="323,324" box="[1153,1294,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Espadaler" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ESPADALER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC154C53541FEC7FEA4" baselines="359,359" box="[247,381,340,366]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015). This invasive ant was recorded for the first time in 1998 on Floreana (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC155323563FDB2FE58" author="PEZZATTI P. & IRZAN T. & CHERIX D." box="[256,520,374,400]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref24718" refString="PEZZATTI P., IRZAN T. & CHERIX D., 1998. - Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Floreana: lost paradise? Noticias de Galapagos, 59: 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC155323563FECEFE47" baselines="393,394" box="[256,372,374,400]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pezzatti" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">PEZZATTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1554E3562FE05FE58" box="[380,447,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), however, studies of museum material showed it was already collected in 1992 from Baltra.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155CB358CFC97FE7B" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[505,813,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155CB358CFC97FE7B" box="[505,813,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a scavenger species found in dry and humid areas and distributed on four islands of the archipelago. It is abundant in the disturbed places of Baltra as well as in the urban zone and surrounding area in Floreana (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1506F35F5FADFFE32" author="PEZZATTI P. & IRZAN T. & CHERIX D." box="[1117,1381,479,506]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref24718" refString="PEZZATTI P., IRZAN T. & CHERIX D., 1998. - Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Floreana: lost paradise? Noticias de Galapagos, 59: 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1506F35F5FB6BFE30" baselines="499,499" box="[1117,1233,480,506]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pezzatti" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">PEZZATTI</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150EB35F5FAA7FE31" box="[1241,1309,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC154C53613FDE4FDD5" author="VON AESCH L. & CHERIX D." box="[247,606,514,541]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="463 - 481" refId="ref25973" refString="VON AESCH L. & CHERIX D., 2005. - Introduced ant species and mechanism of competition on Floreana Island (Galapagos, Ecuador). Sociobiology, 45: 463 - 481." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC154C53613FE91FDD3" baselines="534" box="[247,299,518,539]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="von" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">VON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC155073616FE32FDD3" baselines="534,534" box="[309,392,515,541]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Aesch" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AESCH</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1558B3616FDACFDD4" baselines="534,535" box="[441,534,515,541]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Cherix" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CHERIX</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC156463616FC5EFDD5" author="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[628,996,515,541]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="13 - 17" refId="ref22493" refString="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E., 2010. - First inventory of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Baltra Island. Galapagos Research, 67: 13 - 17." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC156463616FD52FDD3" baselines="534,534" box="[628,744,515,541]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC156463616FD52FDD3" box="[628,744,515,541]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1572B3616FC34FDD3" baselines="534,534" box="[793,910,515,541]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Workers have been observed feeding on insects, birds and dead animals in the arid zone of Baltra Island. Nests can be found under rocks where long columns of workers transport the food.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157CC365CFA88FDAB" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1022,1330,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157CC365CFA88FDAB" box="[1022,1330,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was observed attending
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155D73679FD0BFD4F" box="[485,689,620,647]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155D73679FDCFFD4E" box="[485,629,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and aphids on plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157D13679FAA3FD4E" authority="L. On Baltra" authorityName="L. On Baltra" box="[995,1305,620,647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ciliaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157D13679FBCCFD4E" box="[995,1142,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Sida ciliaris</emphasis>
|
||||
L. On Baltra
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it was observed monopolizing honeydew produced by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157013685FC0EFD61" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[819,948,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157013685FC0EFD61" box="[819,948,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and displacing other introduced ants like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1551E36A6FE6DFD04" box="[300,471,690,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Phyla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longiconris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1551E36A6FE6DFD04" box="[300,471,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. longiconris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1562136A6FCBBFD04" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[531,769,690,716]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1562136A6FCBBFD04" box="[531,769,690,716]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from branches of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157D236A6FB56FD04" box="[992,1260,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157D236A6FB2BFD04" box="[992,1169,690,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insulae">Acacia insulae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–iacobi
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Riley and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C536C3FE3BFD27" box="[247,385,725,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkinsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C536C3FE3BFD27" box="[247,385,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. aculeata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C53710FB9DFC64" blockId="41.[247,1385,773,940]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Recently,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155403713FDB5FCD7" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[370,527,773,799]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155403713FDB5FCD7" box="[370,527,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was collected from the humid agricultural area of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC150453710FB76FCD7" box="[1143,1228,773,799]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in leaf–litter under trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15592373CFE45FC8A" box="[416,511,808,834]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15592373CFE45FC8A" box="[416,511,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">I. edulis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and on Floreana in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15767373CFC67FC8A" box="[853,989,809,835]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15767373CFC67FC8A" box="[853,989,809,835]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A. comosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15026373CFB16FC8A" box="[1044,1196,808,834]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15026373CFB16FC8A" box="[1044,1196,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15088373DFEC9FCAD" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15088373DFEC9FCAD" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered a pest in tropical and subtropical areas of the old world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC150E93759FEFCFC40" author="WETTERER J. K." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref26455" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2009 b. - Worldwide spread of the destroyer ant, Monomorium destructor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 12: 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2009b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and is considered a threat for the insect fauna of the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC157E2377BFB16FC40" box="[976,1196,878,904]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1508C3767FE21FC64" author="VON AESCH L. & CHERIX D." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="463 - 481" refId="ref25973" refString="VON AESCH L. & CHERIX D., 2005. - Introduced ant species and mechanism of competition on Floreana Island (Galapagos, Ecuador). Sociobiology, 45: 463 - 481." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1508C3767FB48FC4F" baselines="898" box="[1214,1266,882,903]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="von" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">VON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC150C5377AFAF0FC4F" baselines="898,898" box="[1271,1354,879,905]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Aesch" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">AESCH</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC154C53787FEEEFC63" baselines="933,934" box="[247,340,914,940]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Cherix" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CHERIX</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1559A3787FD14FC63" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[424,686,913,940]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1559A3787FDA7FC62" baselines="933,933" box="[424,541,914,940]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156163787FDDDFC63" box="[548,615,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC156883787FBA0FC64" author="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[698,1050,914,940]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="13 - 17" refId="ref22493" refString="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E., 2010. - First inventory of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Baltra Island. Galapagos Research, 67: 13 - 17." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC156883787FC94FC62" baselines="933,933" box="[698,814,914,940]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC156883787FC94FC62" box="[698,814,914,940]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157673787FC70FC62" baselines="933,933" box="[853,970,914,940]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
570
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5BFFC354C537DBFCF7FA05.xml
Normal file
570
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C537DBFD4AFC2F" ID-CoL="5BV4H" authority="(Roger, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[247,752,973,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C537DBFD81FC20" bold="true" box="[247,571,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
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(Roger, 1863)
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5BFFC154C537E4FD40FBE6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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|
||||
Little Fire Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1558737E4FD11FBC3" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[437,683,1009,1035]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1561037E7FDDCFBC3" box="[546,614,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C53001FD40FBE6" blockId="41.[247,762,973,1070]" box="[247,762,1044,1070]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173249). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5BFFC156A33001FD48FBE6" box="[657,754,1044,1070]" captionStart="Map 42" captionStartId="43.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-334@43.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Map 42. Distribution of Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger, 1863)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710424/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Map 42</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5BFFC354C53051FCF7FA05" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC154C53051FD9CF97B" blockId="41.[247,1386,1090,1715]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
This cosmopolitan ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC156073051FC09FB96" author="WETTERER J. K. & PORTER S. D." box="[565,947,1092,1118]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref26266" refString="WETTERER J. K. & PORTER S. D., 2003. - The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata: distribution, impact, and control. Sociobiology, 42: 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC156073051FD06FB95" baselines="1111,1112" box="[565,700,1092,1118]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
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&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC156C83051FCE2FB94" baselines="1111,1111" box="[762,856,1092,1118]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Porter" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">PORTER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC157F93051FADFFB96" author="LONGINO J. T. & FERNANDEZ F." box="[971,1381,1090,1118]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="271 - 289" refId="ref23391" refString="LONGINO J. T. & FERNANDEZ F., 2007. - Taxonomic review of the genus Wasmannia. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institut e, 80: 271 - 289." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157F93051FB81FB94" baselines="1111,1111" box="[971,1083,1092,1118]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1504B3051FAB0FB94" baselines="1111,1109" box="[1145,1290,1090,1118]" lowerCaseFontSize="11" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fernandez" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FERNÁNDEZ</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2015), is an invasive species which has been spread by human commerce. It is thought to have established in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC1564C309FFD47FB6C" box="[638,765,1162,1188]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
114 years ago (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC157E2309FFB7BFB6C" author="SILBERGLIED R." box="[976,1217,1162,1189]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref25039" refString="SILBERGLIED R., 1972. - The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, a serious pest in the Galapagos Islands. Noticias de Galapagos, 19: 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157E2309FFBD7FB6B" baselines="1181,1182" box="[976,1133,1162,1188]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Silberglied" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">SILBERGLIED</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC150E3309EFE06FB0F" author="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="11 - 14" refId="ref22411" refString="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E., 2008. - Distribution of fire ants Solenopsis geminata and Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 11 - 14." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC150E3309EFAFFFB6B" baselines="1182,1182" box="[1233,1349,1163,1189]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5BFFC150E3309EFAFFFB6B" box="[1233,1349,1163,1189]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC154C530B8FED6FB0E" baselines="1216,1217" box="[247,364,1197,1223]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is known from 21 islands and islets and is present in natural and disturbed enviroments of the dry, transition and humid areas of inhabited and uninhabited islands. Nests can be found in leaf litter, rotten trunks, the base of trees (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1502130E1FE75FAF8" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1502130E1FB1AFAC5" box="[1043,1184,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">P. guajava</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1508630E1FADEFAC5" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1204,1380,1267,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">B. graveolens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C53102FE75FAF8" box="[247,463,1302,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Piscidia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carthagenensis">P. carthagenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
), under mosses in branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157733102FC7EFAF8" box="[833,964,1303,1329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157733102FC7EFAF8" box="[833,964,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157D83102FBD6FAF8" box="[1002,1132,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157D83102FBD6FAF8" box="[1002,1132,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, under bark of rotten trunks (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1556F312FFE5DFA9B" box="[349,487,1337,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1556F312FFE5DFA9B" box="[349,487,1337,1364]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. odorata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15606312FFD5BFA9B" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[564,737,1337,1363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15606312FFD5BFA9B" box="[564,737,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), under stones, and in hollow twigs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150E9312FFE23FABE" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150E9312FFE23FABE" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a polyphagous and opportunistic species (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157EE3148FB11FABD" baselines="1392,1392,1392,1392,1392" box="[988,1195,1373,1399]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Ulloa-Chacon" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ULLOA–CHACON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1990;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC151203148FE8DFA52" author="MEIER R." pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC151203148FAD8FABE" baselines="1392,1393" box="[1298,1378,1373,1399]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), that forages on trees, leaf litter and soil. It tends the cottony cushion scale
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1508C3194FA85FA52" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1214,1343,1408,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1508C3194FA85FA52" box="[1214,1343,1408,1434]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for honeydew. In dry areas it visits extrafloral nectaries of giant endemic cacti
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1508931B6FA8BFA75" box="[1211,1329,1443,1469]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1508931B6FA8BFA75" box="[1211,1329,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C531D2FD85FA28" authority="(MEIER, 1994)" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[247,575,1478,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C531D2FE3AFA28" box="[247,384,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC155A031D3FD8CFA28" author="MEIER R." box="[402,566,1478,1505]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC155A031D3FE5EFA17" baselines="1497,1498" box="[402,484,1478,1504]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It was collected on stems of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1578331D2FAFEFA29" authority="(BOADA, 2005)" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[945,1348,1478,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robinsoniana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1578331D2FBC6FA28" box="[945,1148,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. robinsoniana</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC150BD31D3FA80FA29" author="BOADA R." box="[1167,1338,1478,1505]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC150BD31D3FB53FA17" baselines="1497,1498" box="[1167,1257,1478,1504]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in mangrove areas, on plants of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1566631FFFCE2F9CB" box="[596,856,1513,1540]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1566631FFFD4CF9CB" box="[596,758,1513,1540]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">C. pyriformis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1573331FFFCE2F9CB" box="[769,856,1513,1540]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chiococca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">C. alba</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1575531FFFBABF9CB" box="[871,1041,1513,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1575531FFFBABF9CB" box="[871,1041,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1502C31FCFB7BF9CC" box="[1054,1217,1513,1540]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1502C31FCFB2CF9CB" box="[1054,1174,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Paspalum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150FF31FFFA8DF9CB" box="[1229,1335,1514,1539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150FF31FFFA8DF9CB" box="[1229,1335,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C53218FEC9F9EE" box="[247,371,1548,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C53218FEC9F9EE" box="[247,371,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A. filifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It visits flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC156593218FCDCF9EE" box="[619,870,1548,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frutescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156593218FCDCF9EE" box="[619,870,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Capsicum frutescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157AB3218FBBBF9EE" box="[921,1025,1548,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157AB3218FBBBF9EE" box="[921,1025,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. molle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150233218FBCBF9EE" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1041,1137,1548,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150233218FBCBF9EE" box="[1041,1137,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150B03219FA85F9EE" box="[1154,1343,1548,1574]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pepo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150B03219FA85F9EE" box="[1154,1343,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cucurbita pepo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C5323AFD79F982" authority="(Hook. f.) Hunz." authorityName="Hunz." baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." box="[247,707,1583,1610]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Iochroma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ellipticum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C5323AFE57F981" box="[247,493,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Iochroma ellipticum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.) Hunz.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC156E23225FB7BF981" authority="Lindau, Mormodica" authorityName="Lindau, Mormodica" box="[720,1217,1583,1609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Justicia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156E23225FC7CF981" box="[720,966,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Justicia galapagana</emphasis>
|
||||
Lindau,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15007323AFB7BF981" box="[1077,1217,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mormodica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150F8323AFA85F981" box="[1226,1343,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">charantia</emphasis>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C53246FE30F9A5" baseAuthorityName="MCMULLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[247,394,1619,1645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plumbaginaceae" genus="Plumbago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C53246FE30F9A5" box="[247,394,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. scandens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155AF3246FCE1F9A5" authority="(Poir.) Kerguelen" authorityName="Kerguelen" baseAuthorityName="Poir." box="[413,859,1619,1645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155AF3246FDC3F9A5" box="[413,633,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Setaria parviflora</emphasis>
|
||||
(Poir.) Kerguélen
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and collects nectar in flowers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC151363246FEF4F947" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC151363246FAE0F9A5" box="[1284,1370,1619,1645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC155543263FDE8F958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[358,594,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="21 - 23" refId="ref23760" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1986. - Observations on insect visitors to flowering plants of Isla Santa Cruz. Part II. Butterflies, moths, ants, hover flies and stilt bugs. Noticias de Galapagos, 43: 21 - 23." type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC155543263FE41F947" baselines="1673,1673" box="[358,507,1654,1680]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1986
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC156543263FD1FF958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[614,677,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="35 - 45" refId="ref23838" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1990. - Reproductive biology of Galapagos Islands angiosperms. Monographs in Systematic Botany, 32: 35 - 45." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC156883263FD40F958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[698,762,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref23806" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1993. - Flower - visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands. Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1): 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC1573C3263FC04F958" author="BOADA R." box="[782,958,1653,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC1573C3263FCDDF946" baselines="1673,1673" box="[782,871,1654,1680]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC157E13263FB06F958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[979,1212,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="21 - 31" refId="ref23889" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 2007. - Pollination biology of the Galapagos endemic, Tournefortia rufo- sericea (Boraginaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 153 (1): 21 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC157E13263FBDCF947" baselines="1673,1673" box="[979,1126,1654,1680]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC150E33263FAAAF958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[1233,1296,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref23928" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 2009. - Pollination biology of a night-flowering Galapagos endemic, Ipomoea habeliana (Convolvulaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 160 (1): 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC151173263FADFF958" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[1317,1381,1654,1680]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="15 - 23" refId="ref23967" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 2011. - Nocturnal and diurnal pollination of Clerodendrum molle (Verbenaceae) in the Galapagos Islands. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 292 (1 - 2): 15 - 23." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5BFFC154C5328CFDA3F97B" author="CHAMORRO S. & HELENO R. & OLESEN J. M. & MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A." box="[247,537,1689,1715]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1489 - 1501" refId="ref21572" refString="CHAMORRO S., HELENO R., OLESEN J. M., MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A., 2012. - Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galapagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110: 1489 - 1501." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5BFFC154C5328CFE3FF979" baselines="1708,1708" box="[247,389,1689,1715]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Chamorro" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CHAMORRO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155BE328CFE6AF97B" box="[396,464,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5BFFC354C532DCFD4DFB6E" blockId="41.[247,1386,1736,1903]" lastBlockId="43.[247,1386,1059,1191]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
In cultivated areas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155EC32DCFD13F92A" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[478,681,1737,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155EC32DCFD13F92A" box="[478,681,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is present in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1578B32DCFBDFF92B" box="[953,1125,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1578B32DCFBDFF92B" box="[953,1125,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. officinarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1504732DCFB6AF92A" box="[1141,1232,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1504732DCFB6AF92A" box="[1141,1232,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A. cepa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150D232DCFAD8F92A" box="[1248,1378,1737,1763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Coriandrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150D232DCFAD8F92A" box="[1248,1378,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. sativum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C532F9FEC5F8CD" box="[247,383,1771,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C532F9FEC5F8CD" box="[247,383,1771,1798]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155A632F9FDE9F8CD" box="[404,595,1771,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155A632F9FDE9F8CD" box="[404,595,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1565B32F9FD41F8CD" box="[617,763,1771,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleracea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1565B32F9FD41F8CD" box="[617,763,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1572232F9FC21F8CD" box="[784,923,1771,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1572232F9FC21F8CD" box="[784,923,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1578332F9FBAFF8CD" box="[945,1045,1772,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1578332F9FBAFF8CD" box="[945,1045,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1501932F9FB74F8CD" box="[1067,1230,1771,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1501932F9FB74F8CD" box="[1067,1230,1771,1798]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. tuberosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150D632F9FAD8F8CD" box="[1252,1378,1772,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150D632F9FAD8F8CD" box="[1252,1378,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. sativus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C5331AFEC1F8E1" box="[247,379,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C5331AFEC1F8E1" box="[247,379,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC155B9331AFDA7F8E1" box="[395,541,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betaceum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC155B9331AFDA7F8E1" box="[395,541,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. betaceum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1561F331AFD51F8E1" box="[557,747,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1561F331AFD51F8E1" box="[557,747,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC156C93305FC2CF8E1" box="[763,918,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156C93305FC2CF8E1" box="[763,918,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC15794331AFBEFF8E1" box="[934,1109,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cajanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cajan">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC15794331AFBEFF8E1" box="[934,1109,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cajanus cajan</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Millsp.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150CB3305FADBF8E1" box="[1273,1377,1808,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lactuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150CB3305FADBF8E1" box="[1273,1377,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">L. sativa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C53326FE07F884" box="[247,445,1843,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="napus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C53326FE07F884" box="[247,445,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brassica napus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC156343327FD1EF884" box="[518,676,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitoense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156343327FD1EF884" box="[518,676,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. quitoense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1568D3327FCD3F884" box="[703,873,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1568D3327FCD3F884" box="[703,873,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. tuberosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157B63327FBB7F884" box="[900,1037,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157B63327FBB7F884" box="[900,1037,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1501A3327FB04F884" box="[1064,1214,1842,1868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1501A3327FB04F884" box="[1064,1214,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">A. comosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC150EB3327FAD8F884" box="[1241,1378,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC150EB3327FAD8F884" box="[1241,1378,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">C. lanatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC154C53340FE12F8A7" box="[247,424,1877,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbadense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC154C53340FE12F8A7" box="[247,424,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">G. barbadense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC1558A3340FD65F8A7" authority="Blanco" authorityName="Blanco" box="[440,735,1877,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC1558A3340FDC5F8A7" box="[440,639,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Citrus reticulata</emphasis>
|
||||
Blanco
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC156D93340FC35F8A7" box="[747,911,1877,1903]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC156D93340FCD9F8A7" box="[747,867,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Paspalum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5BFFC157AE3340FBC3F8A7" box="[924,1145,1877,1903]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cynodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dactylon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5BFFC157AE3340FBC3F8A7" box="[924,1145,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cynodon dactylon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Pers.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C53031FD1AFBF5" authority="Schumach." authorityName="Schumach." box="[247,672,1059,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C53031FDA8FBF5" box="[247,530,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Pennisetum purpureum</emphasis>
|
||||
Schumach.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC356EE3031FCC5FBF5" box="[732,895,1060,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC356EE3031FCC5FBF5" box="[732,895,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P. americana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In urban areas it is common in gardens and has been collected on plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC356E23053FCDFFBA8" box="[720,869,1094,1120]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC356E23053FCDFFBA8" box="[720,869,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A. muricata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC357483052FB80FBA8" box="[890,1082,1095,1120]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Hyptis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosasinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC357483052FB80FBA8" box="[890,1082,1095,1120]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">H. rosasinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC3507D3053FB69FBA8" box="[1103,1235,1094,1120]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nilotica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3507D3053FB69FBA8" box="[1103,1235,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A. nilotica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC350DA3052FAD8FBA8" box="[1256,1378,1094,1120]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tamarindus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC350DA3052FAD8FBA8" box="[1256,1378,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. indica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C5307FFED8FB4B" box="[247,354,1129,1155]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tamarindus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C5307FFED8FB4B" box="[247,354,1129,1155]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">T. indica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC35542307FFE4FFB4B" box="[368,501,1129,1156]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC35542307FFE4FFB4B" box="[368,501,1129,1156]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC35631307FFDCAFB4C" box="[515,624,1130,1156]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC35631307FFDFCFB4B" box="[515,582,1130,1155]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ficus</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC3564E307FFD63FB4B" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[636,729,1129,1156]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3564E307FFD63FB4B" box="[636,729,1129,1156]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC35723307FFC0FFB4B" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[785,949,1129,1155]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC35723307FFC0FFB4B" box="[785,949,1129,1155]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It was also collected in parks, ports, airports and at sites frequented by tourists.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E58FFC254C537F9FC3FFBC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710420" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710420" box="[247,901,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710420/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E58FFC254C537F9FC3FFBC9" blockId="42.[247,901,1003,1025]" box="[247,901,1003,1025]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Map 40. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E58FFC255DE37F9FC3BFBC9" authority="Wheeler, 1905" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1905" box="[492,897,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucayanum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E58FFC255DE37F9FD5EFBC8" box="[492,740,1003,1025]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Tetramorium lucayanum</emphasis>
|
||||
Wheeler, 1905
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E58FFC254C53366FC31F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710422" box="[247,907,1906,1929]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710422/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[247,293,1907,1928]" targetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E58FFC254C53366FC31F840" blockId="42.[247,907,1906,1929]" box="[247,907,1906,1929]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Map 41. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E58FFC255DE3366FC3DF840" authority="(Jerdon, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[492,903,1906,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E58FFC255DE3366FD51F840" box="[492,747,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jerdon, 1851)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E59FFC354C537F9FC30FBC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710424" box="[247,906,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710424/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="43" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E59FFC354C537F9FC30FBC9" blockId="43.[247,906,1003,1025]" box="[247,906,1003,1025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Map 42. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC355DE37F9FC3CFBC9" authority="(Roger, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[492,902,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC355DE37F9FD55FBC9" box="[492,751,1004,1025]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Roger, 1863)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E59FFC354C530A8FCF7FA05" blockId="43.[247,1385,1212,1485]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C530A8FD8AFB1E" ID-CoL="5BV4H" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[247,560,1213,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C530A8FD8AFB1E" box="[247,560,1213,1238]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected from tourist boats traveling between the islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC3553230CAFE13FB31" author="LOMAS E." box="[256,425,1247,1274]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC3553230CAFEE3FB30" baselines="1266,1267" box="[256,345,1247,1273]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The negative impact and consequences of the invasion of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC3504C30F5FAF3FB31" ID-CoL="5BV4H" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1150,1353,1248,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3504C30F5FAF3FB31" box="[1150,1353,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in natural environments of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E59FFC3562B3117FD22FAD4" box="[537,664,1282,1308]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, as well as in other regions has been extensively documented (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC355323133FE5CFA88" author="CLARK D. B. & GUAYASAMIN C. & PAZMINO O. & DONOSO C. & DE VILLACIS Y. P." box="[256,486,1317,1344]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="196 - 207" refId="ref21622" refString="CLARK D. B., GUAYASAMIN C., PAZMINO O., DONOSO C. & DE VILLACIS Y. P., 1982. - The tramp ant Wasmannia auropunctata: autoecology and effects on ant diversity and distribution on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador. Biotropica, 14: 196 - 207." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC355323133FEECFAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[256,342,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Clark" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CLARK</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3556F3133FE25FAF7" box="[349,415,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1982
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC355C03133FCA5FA88" author="FABRES G. & BROWN W. L." box="[498,799,1318,1344]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="139 - 142" refId="ref22000" refString="FABRES G. & BROWN W. L., 1978. - The recent introduction of the pest ant Wasmannia auropunctata into New Caledonia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 17: 139 - 142." type="journal article" year="1978">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC355C03133FDEAFAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[498,592,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fabres" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FABRES</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC356463133FD6BFAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[628,721,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1978
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC357193133FC50FA88" author="JOURDAN H." box="[811,1002,1318,1344]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="61 - 64" refId="ref22945" refString="JOURDAN H., 1997. - Threats on Pacific islands: the spread of the tramp ant Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pacific Conservation Biology, 3: 61 - 64." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC357193133FC26FAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[811,924,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Jourdan" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">JOURDAN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC357C43133FB2AFA88" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[1014,1168,1318,1344]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC357C43133FBF8FAF7" baselines="1337,1338" box="[1014,1090,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC350AE3133FAD3FAF6" baselines="1337,1337,1337,1337,1335" box="[1180,1385,1316,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Ulloa-Chacon" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC350AE3133FAD3FAF6" box="[1180,1385,1316,1344]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ULLOA–CHACÓN</emphasis>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC35525315CFECEFAAA" baselines="1372,1373" box="[279,372,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Cherix" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CHERIX</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1990;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC355E3315CFDF4FAA9" baselines="1372,1372" box="[465,590,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Williams" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">WILLIAMS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC35644315CFD59FAA9" baselines="1372,1372" box="[630,739,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Whelan" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">WHELAN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1992;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC35772315CFC46FAAB" author="PASSERA L." box="[832,1020,1353,1379]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="23 - 43" refId="ref24379" refString="PASSERA L., 1994. - Characteristics of tramp species, In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact, and control of introduced species. Westview studies in insect biology, Boulder, 23 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC35772315CFC11FAA9" baselines="1372,1372" box="[832,939,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Passera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">PASSERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC3503B315CFADEFAAB" author="WETTERER J. K. & PORTER S. D." box="[1033,1380,1353,1379]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref26266" refString="WETTERER J. K. & PORTER S. D., 2003. - The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata: distribution, impact, and control. Sociobiology, 42: 1 - 41." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC3503B315CFB34FAAA" baselines="1372,1373" box="[1033,1166,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC35084315CFAAFFAA9" baselines="1372,1372" box="[1206,1301,1353,1379]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Porter" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">PORTER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC354C53179FDA7FA4E" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[247,541,1388,1414]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC354C53179FED6FA4C" baselines="1407,1407" box="[247,364,1388,1414]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3554F3178FE71FA4E" box="[381,459,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC356013179FC73FA4E" author="LONGINO J. T. & FERNANDEZ F." box="[563,969,1386,1414]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="271 - 289" refId="ref23391" refString="LONGINO J. T. & FERNANDEZ F., 2007. - Taxonomic review of the genus Wasmannia. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institut e, 80: 271 - 289." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC356013179FD1EFA4C" baselines="1407,1407" box="[563,676,1388,1414]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC356EC3179FCD5FA4C" baselines="1407,1405" box="[734,879,1386,1414]" lowerCaseFontSize="11" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fernandez" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FERNÁNDEZ</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC357ED3179FAE6FA4E" author="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[991,1372,1388,1414]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="11 - 14" refId="ref22411" refString="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E., 2008. - Distribution of fire ants Solenopsis geminata and Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 11 - 14." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC357ED3179FBE8FA4D" baselines="1407,1408" box="[991,1106,1388,1414]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E59FFC357ED3179FBE8FA4D" box="[991,1106,1388,1414]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC350BF3179FAB8FA4C" baselines="1407,1407" box="[1165,1282,1388,1414]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E59FFC354C53185FD95FA61" ID-CoL="5BV4H" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[247,559,1424,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC354C53185FD95FA61" box="[247,559,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was the target of two successful eradication programs in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E59FFC350D8319AFAD3FA61" box="[1258,1385,1423,1449]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC3553231A7FE23FA03" baselines="1477,1478" box="[256,409,1458,1484]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Abbedrabo" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ABBEDRABO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3559231A6FE5EFA04" box="[416,484,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
1994;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E59FFC3560531A7FCFAFA05" author="CAUSTON C. E. & SEVILLA C. R. & PORTER S. D." box="[567,832,1458,1485]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="159 - 168" refId="ref21401" refString="CAUSTON C. E., SEVILLA C. R. & PORTER S. D., 2005. - Eradication of the Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Marchena Island, Galapagos: on the edge of success? Florida Entomologist, 88: 159 - 168." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E59FFC3560531A7FD17FA03" baselines="1477,1478" box="[567,685,1458,1484]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E59FFC3568631A6FD4DFA04" box="[692,759,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
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102
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Normal file
102
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5CFFC654C535F9FD62FD0A.xml
Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
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(ANTWEB: CASENT0173299). (
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Only known from
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(
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, 2011
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), this ant is known from natural areas in the Littoral and Dry zone of
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and
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5CFFC656EF3677FC88FDB4" box="[733,818,610,636]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Isabela</collectingRegion>
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Island (
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, 2011
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). It was collected for the first time in 1984 on
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Island and has only been collected infrequently since then. Most records are of winged individuals.
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99
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C536F0FDCFFD36" blockId="46.[247,762,740,802]" box="[247,629,740,767]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C536F0FDCFFD36" bold="true" box="[247,629,740,767]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C536F0FDA0FD37" box="[247,538,740,767]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptogenys" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorgona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C536F0FE3EFD37" bold="true" box="[247,388,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Leptogenys</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6558036F0FDA0FD37" bold="true" box="[434,538,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">gorgona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(hh03)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5CFFC654C5371DFD40FCEA" box="[247,762,776,802]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C5371DFD40FCEA" blockId="46.[247,762,740,802]" box="[247,762,776,802]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173300). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5CFFC656A3371DFD48FCEA" box="[657,754,776,802]" captionStart="Map 47" captionStartId="47.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-45@47.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionText="Map 47. Distribution and ecological zone registered for Leptogenys cf. gorgona." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710434" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710434/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Map 47</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5CFFC654C53722FDBBFC72" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C53722FDBBFC72" blockId="46.[247,1385,823,954]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
An uncommon ant species collected for the first time in 2005 from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5CFFC650093722FB78FC99" box="[1083,1218,823,849]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island. Since then, it has only been collected in secondary and disturbed forests in humid areas.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6513A374EFEF2FC50" author="LATTKE J." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="127 - 264" refId="ref23109" refString="LATTKE J., 2011. - Revision of the new world species of the genus Leptogenys Roger (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 69 (3): 127 - 264." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6513A374EFAD3FCBB" baselines="878,878" box="[1288,1385,859,885]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lattke" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">LATTKE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(2011)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentions that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC65639376BFD79FC5F" box="[523,707,893,919]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Leptogenys" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorgona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC65639376BFD99FC5F" box="[523,547,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">L.</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6566F376BFD79FC5F" box="[605,707,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">gorgona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could be native to the archipelago. Nests have been observed under rocks.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
285
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Normal file
285
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5CFFC654C537C9FB99F8F0.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C537C9FD12FC3F" ID-CoL="6SGTN" authority="Emery, 1892" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1892" box="[247,680,988,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bauri">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C537C9FE45FC3F" bold="true" box="[247,511,988,1015]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Odontomachus bauri</emphasis>
|
||||
Emery, 1892
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5CFFC654C53015FD40FBD2" box="[247,762,1024,1051]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C53015FD40FBD2" blockId="46.[247,762,988,1051]" box="[247,762,1024,1051]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
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(ANTWEB: CASENT0173305). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5CFFC656A33015FD48FBD2" box="[657,754,1024,1050]" captionStart="Map 48" captionStartId="48.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-287@48.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Map 48. Distribution of Odontomachus bauri Emery, 1892." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710438" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710438/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Map 48</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5CFFC654C5303AFB99F8F0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C5303AFD68F9DA" blockId="46.[247,1386,1071,1555]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
This species is found on some Caribbean Islands as well as from south of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E5CFFC650B0303AFB44FB81" box="[1154,1278,1071,1097]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||||
down to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E5CFFC654C53046FEFBFBA5" box="[247,321,1107,1133]" name="Brazil" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(including the Galápagos Islands) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC657233046FC06FBA5" author="KEMPF W." box="[785,956,1107,1133]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC657233046FCDCFBA4" baselines="1126,1127" box="[785,870,1107,1133]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC657FD3046FB3BFBA5" author="BROWN W. L." box="[975,1153,1107,1133]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="67 - 171" refId="ref21180" refString="BROWN W. L., 1976. - Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section A. Introduction, subtribal characters. Genus Odontomachus. Studia Entomologica, 19: 67 - 171." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC657FD3046FB96FBA4" baselines="1126,1127" box="[975,1068,1107,1133]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1976
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC650A73046FADEFBA5" author="BRANDAO R." box="[1173,1380,1107,1133]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC650A73046FAB5FBA4" baselines="1126,1126" box="[1173,1295,1107,1133]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1991
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC654C53063FE11FB58" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[247,427,1142,1168]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC654C53063FEE6FB47" baselines="1161,1162" box="[247,348,1142,1168]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It usually occurs in the humid areas of the inhabited islands of Galápagos. The first specimens were collected in 1891 on
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E5CFFC65737308CFC44FB7B" box="[773,1022,1177,1203]" name="San Cristobal Island" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">San Cristóbal Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC65023308CFB06FB7B" author="EMERY C." box="[1041,1212,1177,1204]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref21896" refString="EMERY C., 1893. - Notice sur quelques fourmis des iles Galapagos. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 62: 89 - 92." type="journal article" year="1893">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC65023308CFBD3FB7A" baselines="1196,1197" box="[1041,1129,1177,1203]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Emery" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">EMERY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1893
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species was probably introduced to the archipelago through human activities (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6500630A9FB17FB1D" baselines="1231,1232" box="[1076,1197,1212,1238]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6513730A8FE82FB31" author="BROWN W. L." pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="67 - 171" refId="ref21180" refString="BROWN W. L., 1976. - Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section A. Introduction, subtribal characters. Genus Odontomachus. Studia Entomologica, 19: 67 - 171." type="journal article" year="1976">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6513730A8FAD8FB1D" baselines="1232,1232" box="[1285,1378,1213,1239]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brown" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">BROWN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1976
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nests can be found under rocks in dry areas as well as in rotten logs at the base of dead trunks and roots.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655F63117FD78FAD4" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1892" box="[452,706,1282,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bauri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655F63117FD78FAD4" box="[452,706,1282,1308]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Odontomachus bauri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be found in natural areas near the coast hidden under the vegetation (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655873133FDE2FA88" box="[437,600,1318,1344]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655873133FDE2FA88" box="[437,600,1318,1344]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and mangroves) on sandy beaches, in forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6509F3133FAD8FAF7" box="[1197,1378,1317,1344]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6509F3133FAD8FAF7" box="[1197,1378,1317,1344]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C5315CFE2CFAAB" box="[247,406,1353,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C5315CFE2CFAAB" box="[247,406,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655FC315CFDC2FAAB" box="[462,632,1353,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655FC315CFDC2FAAB" box="[462,632,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and in secondary succession forests of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC65063315CFAD3FAAB" box="[1105,1385,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC65063315CFB6FFAAA" box="[1105,1237,1353,1378]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">P. guajava</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC650D2315CFADEFAAB" box="[1248,1380,1353,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">C. odorata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6551E3179FE77FA4E" box="[300,461,1388,1414]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pubescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6551E3179FE77FA4E" box="[300,461,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. pubescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the humid zone it is a visitor of leaf litter where it probably forages on invertebrates, especially ants and termites (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6573F319AFB32FA62" author="EHMER B. & HOLLDOBLER B." box="[781,1160,1423,1450]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="215 - 224" refId="ref21865" refString="EHMER B. & HOLLDOBLER B., 1995. - Foraging behavior of Odontomachus bauri on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Psyche, 102: 215 - 224." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6573F319AFCDFFA60" baselines="1442,1443" box="[781,869,1423,1449]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Ehmer" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">EHMER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC657A0319AFB8FFA60" baselines="1442,1442" box="[914,1077,1423,1449]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Holldobler" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">HÖLLDOBLER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1995
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species has also been observed in vegetation composed of grasses (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC657B931A6FB24FA04" box="[907,1182,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC657B931A6FB98FA04" box="[907,1058,1458,1484]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Homolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">H. glutinosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6501F31A6FB24FA04" box="[1069,1182,1458,1484]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">E. pilosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6509E31A7FAAEFA04" box="[1196,1300,1458,1484]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6509E31A7FAAEFA04" box="[1196,1300,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6553331C3FE10FA27" box="[257,426,1493,1519]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilinum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6553331C3FE10FA27" box="[257,426,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. aquilinum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655F531C0FDC7FA27" box="[455,637,1493,1519]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655F531C0FDFCFA27" box="[455,582,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Asplenium</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) sedges and herbs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6579131C3FBE5FA27" box="[931,1119,1494,1519]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6579131C3FBE5FA27" box="[931,1119,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. conjugatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6504E31C0FAD9FA38" box="[1148,1379,1493,1520]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6504E31C0FA90FA27" box="[1148,1322,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C531ECFE34F9DA" box="[247,398,1528,1555]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salviifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C531ECFE34F9DA" box="[247,398,1528,1555]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. salviifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655AF31ECFD9AF9DA" box="[413,544,1529,1555]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Centella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655AF31ECFD9AF9DA" box="[413,544,1529,1555]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. asiatica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6561C31EDFD7EF9DA" box="[558,708,1528,1554]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Galactia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6561C31EDFD2DF9DA" box="[558,663,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Galactia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5CFFC654C5323DFB99F8F0" blockId="46.[247,1386,1576,1848]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C5323DFE4DF98A" ID-CoL="6SGTN" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1892" box="[247,503,1576,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Odontomachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bauri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C5323DFE4DF98A" box="[247,503,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Odontomachus bauri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected in disturbed areas and is more common in the humid agricultural zones. It has been collected in crops of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6579C325EFB0BF9AD" box="[942,1201,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6579C325EFB80F9AD" ID-CoL="WVWV" box="[942,1082,1611,1637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">C. arabica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6507C325EFB0BF9AD" ID-CoL="667JH" box="[1102,1201,1611,1637]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepa">A. cepa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC650FA325EFADBF9AD" ID-CoL="4XZPN" box="[1224,1377,1611,1637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betaceum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC650FA325EFADBF9AD" box="[1224,1377,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. betaceum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C5327BFE0FF940" ID-CoL="4Y369" box="[247,437,1646,1672]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C5327BFE0FF940" box="[247,437,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655FB327AFDDDF940" ID-CoL="3XV44" box="[457,615,1646,1672]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655FB327AFDDDF940" box="[457,615,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC65648327AFD61F940" ID-CoL="5CXX5" box="[634,731,1647,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC65648327AFD61F940" box="[634,731,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC656DC327AFB9DF940" ID-CoL="5MN3K" authorityName="Lambinon" authorityYear="2004" box="[750,1063,1646,1672]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC656DC327AFB9DF940" box="[750,1063,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">B. oleracea var. capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6500B327AFB78F940" ID-CoL="QT4R" box="[1081,1218,1647,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6500B327AFB78F940" box="[1081,1218,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC650E6327BFE15F963" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC650E6327BFADFF940" ID-CoL="66LDM" box="[1236,1381,1646,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C53287FE15F963" ID-CoL="6RQNL" box="[247,431,1681,1707]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">M. paradisiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6558D3287FD52F963" ID-CoL="5MN3H" box="[447,744,1681,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="botrytis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6558D3287FDF1F963" box="[447,587,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC656BE3284FD52F963" box="[652,744,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">botrytis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC657173287FC27F963" ID-CoL="6BPNL" box="[805,925,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC657173287FC27F963" box="[805,925,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. sativus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In urban zones it can be observed in gardens foraging in grass (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6560B32A0FCDAF907" ID-CoL="5S6CD" box="[569,864,1716,1743]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zoysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="matrella" variety="pacifica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6560B32A0FCDAF907" box="[569,864,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Z. matrella var. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It has been found building its nests at the base of trunks of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655FA32CDFDFDF93A" box="[456,583,1752,1778]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655FA32CDFDA6F93A" box="[456,540,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Acacia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6566732CDFCAEF939" ID-CoL="7W5W6" box="[597,788,1752,1778]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6566732CDFCAEF939" box="[597,788,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6571132CDFB92F939" box="[803,1064,1751,1778]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6571132CDFC37F939" ID-CoL="7SBY3" box="[803,909,1751,1778]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limon">C. limon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC657AB32CDFB92F939" ID-CoL="4Z9VV" box="[921,1064,1752,1778]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">S. purpurea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. Its presence on tour ships (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6553232EEFE16F8DD" author="LOMAS E." box="[256,428,1787,1813]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6553232EEFEE3F8DB" baselines="1806,1806" box="[256,345,1787,1813]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) suggests that this is a mechanism for its dispersal to other islands. It is considered a minor threat in the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5CFFC6564F330BFD46F8F0" box="[637,764,1822,1848]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6573E330BFBACF8F0" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[780,1046,1822,1848]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC657BB330AFC04F8F0" box="[905,958,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
215
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5EFFC454C53025FDC5F963.xml
Normal file
215
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5EFFC454C53025FDC5F963.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
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<mods:namePart id="552EFD662CBD4A87230FD554C93D9ED9">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC454C53025FD05FB81" blockId="44.[247,762,1071,1133]" box="[247,703,1071,1098]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC454C53025FD05FB81" ID-CoL="3NY3T" authority="(Mayr, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[247,703,1071,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciceps">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC454C53025FD05FB81" bold="true" box="[247,703,1071,1098]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC454C53025FDABFB81" bold="true" box="[247,529,1071,1098]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Hypoponera opaciceps</emphasis>
|
||||
(Mayr, 1887)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5EFFC454C53046FD40FBA5" box="[247,762,1107,1133]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC454C53046FD40FBA5" blockId="44.[247,762,1071,1133]" box="[247,762,1107,1133]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173294). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5EFFC456A33046FD48FBA5" box="[657,754,1107,1133]" captionStart="Map 44" captionStartId="45.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@45.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Map 44. Distribution of Hypoponera opaciceps (Mayr, 1887)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710428/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Map 44</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5EFFC454C53097FDC5F963" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC454C53097FDC5F963" blockId="44.[247,1386,1154,1707]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
A pantropical species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC4563F3097FD09FB54" author="KEMPF W." box="[525,691,1154,1181]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC4563F3097FDD8FB53" baselines="1173,1174" box="[525,610,1154,1180]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC456F23096FC00FB54" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[704,954,1154,1181]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC456F23096FC9FFB53" baselines="1174,1174" box="[704,805,1155,1181]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4571F3096FCCBFB54" box="[813,881,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC457F53096FAA4FB54" author="WETTERER J. K. & VARGO D. L." box="[967,1310,1154,1181]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="409 - 419" refId="ref26304" refString="WETTERER J. K. & VARGO D. L., 2003. - Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Samoa. Pacific Science, 57 (4): 409 - 419." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC457F53096FBF6FB53" baselines="1174,1174" box="[967,1100,1155,1181]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC450463096FB77FB53" baselines="1174,1174" box="[1140,1229,1155,1181]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Vargo" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">VARGO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This tramp ant was recorded for the first time in 1984 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC4577730B3FC58FB08" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[837,994,1190,1216]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC4577730B3FC29FB77" baselines="1209,1210" box="[837,915,1190,1216]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has been recorded from eight islands and it is found in both natural and disturbed zones. It is a common inhabitant of leaf litter and nests in rotten logs, under rocks, bases of trees and dead and humid stems of grass (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC455333105FE13FAE1" box="[257,425,1296,1321]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpureum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC455333105FE13FAE1" box="[257,425,1296,1321]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. purpureum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). In natural areas it is registered from forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC457DE3105FB0EFAE1" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1004,1204,1295,1321]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robinsoniana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC457DE3105FB0EFAE1" box="[1004,1204,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">M. robinsoniana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC450F1311AFAD8FAE1" box="[1219,1378,1295,1321]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Cinchona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pubescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC450F1311AFAD8FAE1" box="[1219,1378,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. pubescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC454C53127FE11FA84" box="[247,427,1330,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC454C53127FE11FA84" box="[247,427,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC455DA3126FD33FA84" box="[488,649,1330,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC455DA3126FD33FA84" box="[488,649,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the humid zone it is present in areas composed of herbs, grasses and ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC455EF3140FDCEFAB8" box="[477,628,1365,1392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Galactia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC455EF3140FDFCFAA7" box="[477,582,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Galactia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC456B63140FADFFAA7" authority="(Willd. & Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.)" baseAuthorityName="Roem. & Schult." box="[644,1381,1365,1392]" class="Diplura" family="Campodeidae" genus="Diodela" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplura" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC456B63140FC85FAA7" box="[644,831,1365,1391]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diodela radula</emphasis>
|
||||
(Willd. & Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Delprete,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4555F316CFDA3FA5A" box="[365,537,1400,1426]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Justicia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4555F316CFDA3FA5A" box="[365,537,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">J. galapagana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4561A316CFD2AFA5A" box="[552,656,1401,1427]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4561A316CFD2AFA5A" box="[552,656,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC456AD316CFC8FFA5B" box="[671,821,1401,1427]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC456AD316CFCB0FA5A" box="[671,778,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Panicum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC45770316CFC4AFA5A" box="[834,1008,1401,1426]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC45770316CFC4AFA5A" box="[834,1008,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. conjugatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC45018316DFB76FA5A" box="[1066,1228,1400,1426]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC45018316DFB19FA5A" box="[1066,1187,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pteridium</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and patches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4552A318EFE2DFA7D" box="[280,407,1435,1461]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4552A318EFE2DFA7D" box="[280,407,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphagnum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In dry environments specimens were registered in litter collected from lava near the beach on Santiago Island while in Fernandina it was collected in a small woodland composed of ferns (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC455C631F7FCB6FA34" box="[500,780,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC455C631F7FDCAFA34" box="[500,624,1506,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Polypodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridens">P. tridens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC456B231F7FCB6FA34" box="[640,780,1506,1532]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Doryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmata">D. palmata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
) and shrubs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4578E31F7FB8CFA34" box="[956,1078,1506,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4578E31F7FB8CFA34" box="[956,1078,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4507B31F7FB4BFA34" box="[1097,1265,1506,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Darwiniothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancifolius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4507B31F7FB4BFA34" box="[1097,1265,1506,1532]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D. lancifolius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4513631F7FEF4F9D7" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4513631F7FAE0FA34" box="[1284,1370,1506,1532]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
). On Floreana Island some workers were collected near the beach under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC450F33210FAD8F9D7" box="[1217,1378,1541,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC450F33210FAD8F9D7" box="[1217,1378,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In cultivated areas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC455DF323CFD35F98A" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[493,655,1577,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC455DF323CFD35F98A" box="[493,655,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. opaciceps</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known from leaf litter of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4503E323DFADBF98A" box="[1036,1377,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4503E323DFB19F98A" box="[1036,1187,1576,1602]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">S. purpurea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC45087323CFADBF98A" box="[1205,1377,1577,1602]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">M. acuminata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC454C53259FEC2F9AD" box="[247,376,1611,1638]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC454C53259FEC2F9AD" box="[247,376,1611,1638]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC4558B3259FDE8F9AD" box="[441,594,1611,1637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC4558B3259FDE8F9AD" box="[441,594,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In urban areas it can be found in gardens.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC450663259FAD3F9AD" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1108,1385,1612,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC450663259FAD3F9AD" box="[1108,1385,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Hypoponera opaciceps</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was recorded on tourist boats traveling between islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC45791327BFBF3F940" author="LOMAS E." box="[931,1097,1646,1673]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC45791327BFC46F94F" baselines="1665,1666" box="[931,1020,1646,1672]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and also from aircrafts coming from mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E5EFFC456213284FDC1F963" box="[531,635,1681,1707]" name="Ecuador" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
175
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5EFFC654C532DBFE0DFE02.xml
Normal file
175
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E5EFFC654C532DBFE0DFE02.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="5D44372B05E9C6984710900B62C24361">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4BB906BD375437A118767F3E83463E5C">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5EFFC454C532DBFD1BF92F" box="[247,673,1741,1768]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC454C532DBFD1BF92F" blockId="44.[247,762,1741,1803]" box="[247,673,1741,1768]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5EFFC454C532DBFD1BF92F" ID-CoL="6N36X" authority="(Forel, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[247,673,1741,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacior">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC454C532DBFE4CF92F" bold="true" box="[247,502,1741,1768]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Hypoponera opacior</emphasis>
|
||||
(Forel, 1893)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5EFFC454C532E4FD40F8C3" box="[247,762,1776,1803]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC454C532E4FD40F8C3" blockId="44.[247,762,1741,1803]" box="[247,762,1776,1803]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173297). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E5EFFC456A332E4FD48F8C3" box="[657,754,1776,1803]" captionStart="Map 45" captionStartId="45.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-42@45.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Map 45. Distribution of Hypoponera opacior (Forel, 1893)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710430/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Map 45</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E5EFFC654C53335FE0DFE02" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E5EFFC654C53335FE0DFE02" blockId="44.[247,1385,1824,1921]" lastBlockId="46.[247,1386,186,458]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
Found in the tropical and subtropical Americas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC4570E3335FC5AF8F2" author="KEMPF W." box="[828,992,1824,1851]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC4570E3335FC2BF8F1" baselines="1843,1844" box="[828,913,1824,1850]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC457DE3334FB17F8F2" author="BRANDAO R." box="[1004,1197,1824,1851]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC457DE3334FBDCF8F1" baselines="1844,1843" box="[1004,1126,1824,1851]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Brandao" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BRANDÃO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
,1991
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC4508B3334FE83F895" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC4508B3334FAA4F8F1" baselines="1844,1844" box="[1209,1310,1825,1851]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC451173334FAE3F8F2" box="[1317,1369,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was possibly introduced to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5EFFC456843356FC8FF895" box="[694,821,1859,1885]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
through human commerce and now occurs on six islands (
|
||||
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|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC456153372FD06F8B7" baselines="1914,1914" box="[551,700,1895,1921]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mickheyev" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">MICKHEYEV</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5EFFC457253372FBA5F849" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[791,1055,1895,1921]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5EFFC457253372FC30F8B7" baselines="1914,1914" box="[791,906,1895,1921]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5EFFC457253372FC30F8B7" box="[791,906,1895,1921]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5EFFC457A03372FC6FF849" box="[914,981,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species was reported for the first time in 2014 and is known from humid zones in natural and disturbed areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E5CFFC6553234C8FDBFFF3F" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[256,517,221,247]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E5CFFC6553234C8FECFFF3E" baselines="240,241" box="[256,373,221,247]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5CFFC6553234C8FECFFF3E" box="[256,373,221,247]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6554934CBFE07FF3F" box="[379,445,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, examinations of museum material showed that it was already collected in 1987 near the agricultural zone in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E5CFFC657043515FC31FED2" box="[822,907,256,282]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island. This species has been found in leaf litter in humid areas, in herb layers (composed of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC657BD3531FB85FEF5" box="[911,1087,292,317]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC657BD3531FB85FEF5" box="[911,1087,292,317]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. conjugatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6507D3531FB5FFEF5" box="[1103,1253,291,317]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Homolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6507D3531FB5FFEF5" box="[1103,1253,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. glutinosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC650C73531FE22FEA8" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC650C73531FADFFEF5" box="[1269,1381,291,317]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">E. pilosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C53552FE22FEA8" box="[247,408,326,353]" class="Diplura" family="Campodeidae" genus="Aristida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplura" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subspicata">A. subspicata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC655943553FDC7FEA9" box="[422,637,326,353]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Rhynchospora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC655943553FDEEFEA8" box="[422,596,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Rhynchospora</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC656B83552FCB0FEA9" box="[650,778,327,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Centella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC656B83552FCB0FEA9" box="[650,778,327,353]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. asiática</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6572A3552FC3AFEA8" box="[792,896,327,353]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6572A3552FC3AFEA8" box="[792,896,327,353]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC657D63552FBC4FEA8" box="[996,1150,326,352]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilinum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC657D63552FBC4FEA8" box="[996,1150,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. aquilinum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and mosses. Some samples have been collected from native forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC6576C357FFC45FE4C" box="[862,1023,362,388]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC6576C357FFC45FE4C" box="[862,1023,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and invaded areas infested by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C53598FE38FE6E" box="[247,386,397,422]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C53598FE38FE6E" box="[247,386,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In cultivated areas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC656AA3598FC9EFE6E" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[664,804,397,422]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Hypoponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacior">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC656AA3598FC9EFE6E" box="[664,804,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">H. opacior</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is recorded on crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC650483598FA97FE6F" box="[1146,1325,397,423]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC650483598FA97FE6F" box="[1146,1325,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">S. officinarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E5CFFC654C535A4FE0DFE02" box="[247,439,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E5CFFC654C535A4FE09FE02" box="[247,435,432,458]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">M. paradisiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
242
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E60FFFA54C53563FC91FB43.xml
Normal file
242
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E60FFFA54C53563FC91FB43.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="3E44F450B98B2552A51D24BEFE9E6EE7">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E60FFFA54C53563FD1AFE58" box="[247,672,374,401]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFA54C53563FD1AFE58" blockId="18.[247,787,374,471]" box="[247,672,374,401]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53563FD1AFE58" ID-CoL="R5BF" authority="Forel, 1881" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[247,672,374,401]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53563FD1AFE58" bold="true" box="[247,672,374,401]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53563FDB3FE58" bold="true" box="[247,521,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla emeryi</emphasis>
|
||||
Forel, 1881
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E60FFFA54C5358CFD41FE1F" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFA54C5358CFCA9FE7B" blockId="18.[247,787,374,471]" box="[247,787,409,435]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Emery's Sneaking Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA5627358CFCB1FE7B" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[533,779,409,435]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
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|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56B3358FFD7FFE7B" box="[641,709,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFA54C535A8FD41FE1F" blockId="18.[247,787,374,471]" box="[247,763,444,471]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173259). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E60FFFA56A335A8FD4BFE1F" box="[657,753,444,471]" captionStart="Map 15" captionStartId="19.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-35@19.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Map 15. Distribution and ecological zone registered for Cardiocondyla emeryi Forel, 1881." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710359/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Map 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E60FFFA54C535F9FC91FB43" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFA54C535F9FD87FC64" blockId="18.[247,1386,492,940]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
A tramp ant, widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA513E35F9FE8DFDE1" author="KEMPF W." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA513E35F9FADBFDCD" baselines="511,512" box="[1292,1377,492,518]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA557B3605FDEBFDE1" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[329,593,527,554]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA557B3605FE14FDE0" baselines="547,547" box="[329,430,528,554]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55883605FDB9FDE1" box="[442,515,527,553]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA56503605FD5DFDE0" baselines="547,547" box="[610,743,528,554]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2012). It is found in 30 islands and islets of the archipelago. It was recorded for the first time in 1984 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA57BA3627FB9CFD84" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[904,1062,562,589]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA57BA3627FC6CFD83" baselines="581,582" box="[904,982,562,588]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nests have been found in branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA55B83643FD87FDA7" box="[394,573,597,624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55B83643FD87FDA7" box="[394,573,597,624]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, under rocks, in the ground and in rotten logs. It is present from the littoral to humid zones, and has been found in mangroves and forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA509B366CFAD8FD5B" box="[1193,1378,633,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA509B366CFAD8FD5B" box="[1193,1378,633,659]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53688FE22FD7E" box="[247,408,668,694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53688FE22FD7E" box="[247,408,668,694]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA55983688FDD1FD7E" box="[426,619,668,694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55983688FDD1FD7E" box="[426,619,668,694]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. galapageium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA569E3688FCE7FD7E" box="[684,861,668,694]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA569E3688FCE2FD7E" box="[684,856,668,694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">B. graveolens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Some specimens were collected in closed woodlands dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA560936D5FD65FD11" box="[571,735,703,729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA560936D5FD65FD11" box="[571,735,703,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56C136D5FCDDFD11" box="[755,871,703,729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56C136D5FCDDFD11" box="[755,871,703,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA574936AAFBB9FD11" box="[891,1027,703,729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA574936AAFBB9FD11" box="[891,1027,703,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA507536D5FAB0FD11" box="[1095,1290,703,729]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA507536D5FAB0FD11" box="[1095,1290,703,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. galapageium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It is a conspicuous species of arid and transition zones (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA576236F7FC54FD34" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[848,1006,738,765]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA576236F7FC24FD33" baselines="757,758" box="[848,926,738,764]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and was collected in fields of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53710FE27FCE8" box="[247,413,773,800]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53710FED5FCD7" box="[247,367,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paspalum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56713710FD42FCD7" box="[579,760,773,799]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56713710FD42FCD7" box="[579,760,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA575C3713FBAFFCD7" box="[878,1045,773,799]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA575C3713FBAFFCD7" box="[878,1045,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and dry areas composed of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C5373CFEECFC8A" box="[247,342,808,835]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C5373CFEECFC8A" box="[247,342,808,835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA55A2373CFE41FC8A" box="[400,507,809,834]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55A2373CFE41FC8A" box="[400,507,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In cultivated areas it is reported from crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA5001373CFB51FC8A" box="[1075,1259,808,834]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA5001373CFB51FC8A" box="[1075,1259,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA50CB373DFD58FCAD" authority="var. vulgaris Schrad ex Wendle" authorityName="Wendle" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="vulgaris" variety="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA50CB373DFEE0FCAD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Bambusa vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55A5375EFE40FCAD" box="[407,506,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
Schrad ex Wendle
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56DC3759FC20FCAD" box="[750,922,843,870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56DC3759FC20FCAD" box="[750,922,843,870]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cucumis melo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA57C43759FBC1FCAD" box="[1014,1147,843,869]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA57C43759FBC1FCAD" box="[1014,1147,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In urban areas it is present in gardens where it has been found on grass (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA575E377AFAE6FC40" authority="Goudwaard" authorityName="Goudwaard" box="[876,1372,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zoysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="matrella" variety="pacifica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA575E377AFB92FC40" box="[876,1064,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Zoysia matrella</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA5056377AFB7FFC41" box="[1124,1221,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||||
Goudwaard
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53787FEC9FC63" box="[247,371,913,940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53787FEC9FC63" box="[247,371,913,940]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. lanatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA559F3787FD8FFC64" box="[429,565,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA559F3787FD8FFC64" box="[429,565,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFA54C537D4FC91FB43" blockId="18.[247,1385,961,1163]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C537D4FDB3FC13" ID-CoL="R5BF" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[247,521,961,987]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C537D4FDB3FC13" box="[247,521,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla emeryi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
visits flowers and has been reported collecting nectar from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA513637D7FEF4FC36" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA513637D7FAE0FC13" box="[1284,1370,961,987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA555337F1FDF3FC36" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[353,585,996,1023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="21 - 31" refId="ref23889" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 2007. - Pollination biology of the Galapagos endemic, Tournefortia rufo- sericea (Boraginaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 153 (1): 21 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA555337F1FE4CFC35" baselines="1015,1016" box="[353,502,996,1023]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In disturbed environments
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA579E37F0FB99FC36" ID-CoL="R5BF" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[940,1059,997,1023]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA579E37F0FB99FC36" box="[940,1059,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. emeryi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was collected in landfills, stone and gravel quarries, near electricity plants, urban areas and roads.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA50693012FAD3FBE9" ID-CoL="R5BF" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[1115,1385,1031,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA50693012FAD3FBE9" box="[1115,1385,1031,1057]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla emeryi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is not considerated an agressive species in other parts of the world (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA5040303EFB43FB8C" baselines="1086,1087" box="[1138,1273,1067,1093]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2014a), however in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA55BF305BFDB6FBA0" box="[397,524,1102,1128]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
it has colonized pristine areas, which suggests that it could have an impact on native biota (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA56263064FCA7FB43" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[532,797,1137,1163]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA56263064FD30FB42" baselines="1156,1157" box="[532,650,1137,1163]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56A33067FD6FFB43" box="[657,725,1137,1163]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
272
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E60FFFC54C530B8FBDAFED2.xml
Normal file
272
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E60FFFC54C530B8FBDAFED2.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C530B8FD03FB0F" authority="Forel, 1899" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[247,697,1197,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C530B8FD03FB0F" bold="true" box="[247,697,1197,1224]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C530B8FD98FB0F" bold="true" box="[247,546,1197,1224]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla minutior</emphasis>
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Forel, 1899
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</emphasis>
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(ANTWEB: CASENT0173261). (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E60FFFA56A330C5FD4BFB22" box="[657,753,1232,1258]" captionStart="Map 16" captionStartId="19.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-46@19.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Map 16. Distribution of Cardiocondyla minutior Forel, 1899." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710363/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Map 16</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E60FFFC54C53115FBDAFED2" blockId="18.[247,1386,1280,1903]" lastBlockId="20.[247,1385,186,283]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Cited in previous publications as
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56AC3115FB28FAD2" authority="(WETTERER, 2014)" baseAuthorityName="WETTERER" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[670,1170,1280,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuda">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56AC3115FC20FAD2" box="[670,922,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla nuda</emphasis>
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(
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, 2014)
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,
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA50933115FA8BFAD2" box="[1185,1329,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. minutior</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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is a cosmopolitan tramp species introduced by human activities throughout the tropics and subtropics as well as to oceanic islands (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA56DD3153FC19FAA8" author="SEIFERT B." box="[751,931,1350,1377]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="203 - 338" refId="ref24928" refString="SEIFERT B., 2003. - The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 104: 203 - 338." type="journal article" year="2003">
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, 2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA57833152FB0AFAA8" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[945,1200,1350,1377]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA50123152FBDCFAA8" box="[1056,1126,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
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2006
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA508C3152FE8CFA4B" author="HEINZE J. & CREMER S. & ECKL N. & SCHREMPF A." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref22334" refString="HEINZE J., CREMER S., ECKL N., & SCHREMPF A., 2006. - Stealthy invaders: the biology of Cardiocondyla tramp ants. Insectes sociaux, 53 (1): 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA51113152FAD3FAA8" box="[1315,1385,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA5573317FFE7CFA4A" baselines="1405,1405" box="[321,454,1386,1412]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
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, 2014b). It was collected for the first time in
|
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<quantity id="4CBD9B653E60FFFA57EF317CFB8DFA4B" box="[989,1079,1385,1412]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0165" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="1975.0">1975 in</quantity>
|
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the Humid Zone of
|
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA5114317CFE8FFA6E" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. It is a conspicuous ant of the Arid and Transition Zones (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA503E3199FB16FA6E" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[1036,1196,1420,1447]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
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, 1984
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA50883199FADEFA6E" author="SEIFERT B." box="[1210,1380,1420,1446]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="203 - 338" refId="ref24928" refString="SEIFERT B., 2003. - The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, C. bulgarica, C. batesii, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffii, C. wroughtonii, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 104: 203 - 338." type="journal article" year="2003">
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2003
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA54C531A5FE67FA01" author="HEINZE J. & CREMER S. & ECKL N. & SCHREMPF A." box="[247,477,1455,1482]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref22334" refString="HEINZE J., CREMER S., ECKL N., & SCHREMPF A., 2006. - Stealthy invaders: the biology of Cardiocondyla tramp ants. Insectes sociaux, 53 (1): 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA556A31A5FE23FA01" box="[344,409,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al.,</emphasis>
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2006
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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) and has been recorded on 16 islands.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA579031BAFB7EFA01" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[930,1220,1455,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA579031BAFB7EFA01" box="[930,1220,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla minutior</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
visits flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA552A31C6FD1DFA25" authority="(MCMULLEN, 1993)" baseAuthorityName="MCMULLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[280,679,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plumbaginaceae" genus="Plumbago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA552A31C6FE12FA25" box="[280,424,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. scandens</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA558B31C6FD24FA25" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[441,670,1491,1517]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref23806" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1993. - Flower - visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands. Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1): 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA558B31C6FDF4FA24" baselines="1510,1510" box="[441,590,1491,1517]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
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, 1993
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA572431C6FC06FA25" box="[790,956,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA572431C6FC06FA25" box="[790,956,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA57FE31C6FB3DFA25" box="[972,1159,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA57FE31C6FB39FA25" box="[972,1155,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">S. pedunculata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
shrubs of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA513531C6FEF4F9D8" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA513531C6FAE0FA25" box="[1287,1370,1491,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">T. rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and ferns in arid and humid zones of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA572D31E3FC13F9D8" box="[799,937,1526,1552]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. Specimens have also been collected in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA5524320FFE0CF9FB" box="[278,438,1561,1587]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA5524320FFE0CF9FB" box="[278,438,1561,1587]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forests, under rocks and in mangrove litter. In the Littoral Zone of Fernandina, specimens were found along a small laguna under tidal influence; an area dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C5324AFDBAF9B1" box="[247,512,1631,1657]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sporobolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C5324AFDBAF9B1" box="[247,512,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Sporobolus virginicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Kunth and grasses covered with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA57F83275FB8FF9B1" box="[970,1077,1631,1657]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA57F83275FB8FF9B1" box="[970,1077,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">I. triloba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA5077324AFAD3F9B1" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[1093,1385,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA5077324AFAD3F9B1" box="[1093,1385,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla minutior</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was collected along Black Beach (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA56AE3297FD5EF954" box="[668,740,1666,1692]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Bahía</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Urvina–
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA57633297FC1CF954" box="[849,934,1666,1692]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island) dominated by dry vegetation (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA553332B3FEDBF977" box="[257,353,1701,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA553332B3FEDBF977" box="[257,353,1701,1728]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA554232B3FE66F977" box="[368,476,1702,1727]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA554232B3FE66F977" box="[368,476,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA562A32B3FD37F977" box="[536,653,1702,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Scutia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA562A32B3FD37F977" box="[536,653,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. spicata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). In the Humid Zone of San Cristóbal,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA505932B0FB49F977" box="[1131,1267,1701,1727]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Floreana and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA551832DDFE38F92A" box="[298,386,1736,1762]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, it is reported from cultivated areas in crops of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA578B32DCFAFAF92A" box="[953,1344,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA578B32DCFBFEF92A" box="[953,1092,1737,1763]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA506332DDFAFAF92A" box="[1105,1344,1736,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">Solanum tuberosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C532F9FE0CF8CD" box="[247,438,1771,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C532F9FE0CF8CD" box="[247,438,1771,1798]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA55F532F9FD3AF8CD" box="[455,640,1771,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55F532F9FD3AF8CD" box="[455,640,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56A232F9FCB4F8CD" box="[656,782,1772,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56A232F9FCB4F8CD" box="[656,782,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA572C32F9FC0AF8CD" box="[798,944,1772,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitoense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA572C32F9FC0AF8CD" box="[798,944,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">S. quitoense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA57F332F9FB83F8CD" box="[961,1081,1772,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA57F332F9FB83F8CD" box="[961,1081,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. sativus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA507B32F9FB12F8CD" box="[1097,1192,1772,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA507B32F9FB12F8CD" box="[1097,1192,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA508A32F9FAD3F8CD" box="[1208,1385,1772,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lactuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA508A32F9FAD3F8CD" box="[1208,1385,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lactuca sativa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA552D3305FE18F8E1" box="[287,418,1807,1833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA552D3305FE18F8E1" box="[287,418,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA5582331AFDB3F8E1" box="[432,521,1807,1833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA5582331AFDB3F8E1" box="[432,521,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. cepa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56253305FCFBF8E1" authorityName="Lambinon" authorityYear="2004" box="[535,833,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56253305FCFBF8E1" box="[535,833,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B. oleracea var. capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA577C331AFBCBF8E1" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[846,1137,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA577C331AFBCBF8E1" box="[846,1137,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Cardiocondyla minutior</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is less common than
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53327FEC8F884" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1881" box="[247,370,1842,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53327FEC8F884" box="[247,370,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C. emeryi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and can be found in urban areas, tourist sites, landfills, electricity stations and quarries. In
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA55BA3340FDBDF8A7" box="[392,519,1877,1903]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
it is considered an invasive ant with potential to disperse and colonize new natural areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC55DB34AFFCBBFF1C" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[489,769,186,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC55DB34AFFDE5FF1B" baselines="205,206" box="[489,607,186,212]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC565934AEFD09FF1C" box="[619,691,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Although its impact on other
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC50A134AFFAF2FF1C" box="[1171,1352,186,212]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Pacific Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is considered to be minor (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC562434C8FD26FF3E" baselines="240,241" box="[534,668,221,247]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2014a), it is possible that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57EA34C8FBD8FF3F" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1899" box="[984,1122,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cardiocondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutior">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57EA34C8FBD8FF3F" box="[984,1122,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. minutior</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could have a negative influence on native species in the natural areas of the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC574F3515FBE6FED2" box="[893,1116,256,282]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
385
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD.xml
Normal file
385
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="6E07CD656C6FD932F0E8D5AF8132A8A7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart id="B3012DE602C797666074026CABB00C25">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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||||
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<mods:namePart id="0449DB50FEA80716783D6C53E90783B4">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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||||
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||||
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<mods:namePart id="5AA796DABF03812179B0EBF410E7DC3F">Pozo, Paola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AFB92261C9E93A5BDD85F0880D6363D7">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="970725A8BC52C291AE38A61D457AFD50">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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|
||||
<mods:detail id="76DA07D8EAE1590A3E41DAFE897FAAE2" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="866F71ED28DBE49EC9FE551FBE3E7670">93</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="0C8C0239D54761ED8F9A0C7357B12BDE" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="741FA84960359C04C611465974F82704">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="F7C56EE8B10E018F7298985F40F790A6">60</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="DE9CA19173F9DCB78684A8F997A7FBE9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="95DF7E58F4C0E5EE504008FCF06298E4" type="CLB-Dataset">302430</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="1E52EC296B0BDDFBE46001439BFFC579" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="62C20E76840E3F05E648655391FB1CA9" type="GBIF-Dataset">83b9d93e-6482-4509-82e7-d477e479612b</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="B310D8A3A5EF9F78E1F418E97C1F23F4" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="CD98F4DFE17914F43ADAFBA66C5F5D97" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="96EA6B32C6F6C0B78DEC5B66ACCFD5A3" type="ZooBank">2612CE09-F7FF-45CD-B52E-99F04DC2AA56</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E62FFF954C535F9FC38FCFD" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E62FFF854C535F9FCBEFDCE" box="[247,772,492,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF854C535F9FCBEFDCE" blockId="16.[247,772,492,588]" box="[247,772,492,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF854C535F9FCBEFDCE" ID-CoL="4DGDP" authority="(Latreille, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[247,772,492,519]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF854C535F9FCBEFDCE" bold="true" box="[247,772,492,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF854C535F9FD8AFDCF" bold="true" box="[247,560,492,519]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Latreille, 1802)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E62FFF854C5361AFD41FD84" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF854C5361AFD67FDE1" blockId="16.[247,772,492,588]" box="[247,733,527,554]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Longhorn Crazy Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E62FFF85630361AFD6FFDE1" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[514,725,527,554]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="137 - 149" refId="ref26387" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2008. - Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 11: 137 - 149." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF85630361AFD32FDE0" baselines="546,547" box="[514,648,527,553]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF854C53627FD41FD84" blockId="16.[247,772,492,588]" box="[247,763,562,588]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173232). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E62FFF856A33627FD4BFD84" box="[657,753,562,588]" captionStart="Map 13" captionStartId="16.[247,293,1910,1931]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1088,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-337@16.[247,1386,1084,1889]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Map 13. Distribution of Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille, 1802)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710355/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Map 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E62FFF954C53677FC38FCFD" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF854C53677FE7DFBEA" blockId="16.[247,1386,610,1058]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF854C53677FD92FDB4" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[247,552,610,636]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF854C53677FD92FDB4" box="[247,552,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a tramp species spread by human activities in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas around the world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E62FFF856C63690FC1AFD57" author="KEMPF W." box="[756,928,645,672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF856C63690FCF0FD56" baselines="664,665" box="[756,842,645,671]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E62FFF857813693FBD7FD57" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[947,1133,645,672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF857813693FBA2FD56" baselines="665,665" box="[947,1048,646,672]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF850B23693FABFFD56" baselines="665,665" box="[1152,1285,646,672]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015). Distributed over 16 islands and islets it was collected for the first time in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E62FFF8506436BDFB6FFD0A" box="[1110,1237,680,706]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
on Floreana Island between 1905–1906 (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF8567536D9FD7BFD2C" baselines="735,735" box="[583,705,716,742]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). It nests between leaf litter, dead trunks and under stones. It is common in mangroves (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8569036FAFCA1FCC0" ID-CoL="4SCV5" box="[674,795,750,776]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8569036FAFCA1FCC0" box="[674,795,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. mangle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8571A36FAFB38FCC0" box="[808,1154,750,777]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8571A36FAFC70FCC0" ID-CoL="K35N" box="[808,970,751,777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">A. germinans</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF857E736FAFB38FCC0" box="[981,1154,750,777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagosa">C. galapagosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
) and is a scavenger and opportunistic diurnal species also invading natural areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E62FFF850383707FB15FCE4" author="MEIER R." box="[1034,1199,786,812]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E62FFF850383707FBE3FCE3" baselines="805,806" box="[1034,1113,786,812]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF850FA3704FE3AFC87" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF850FA3704FE3AFC87" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very well adapted to all vegetation zones in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E62FFF8579F3720FB8AFC87" box="[941,1072,821,847]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. An entomological survey carried out in 1991 on Española Island showed that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF85747374CFB9BFCBA" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[885,1057,856,882]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF85747374CFB9BFCBA" box="[885,1057,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was abundant in dry areas (with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF85572376EFE47FC5D" ID-CoL="6TF8T" box="[320,509,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Oxalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dombeyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF85572376EFE47FC5D" box="[320,509,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Oxalis dombeyi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A. St.–Hil,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF856A1376EFBA2FC5D" ID-CoL="6VGJG" authority="Waterf." authorityName="Waterf." box="[659,1048,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF856A1376EFC0AFC5D" box="[659,944,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Physalis galapagoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Waterf.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF850173769FB76FC5D" ID-CoL="NYF8" box="[1061,1228,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF850173769FB76FC5D" box="[1061,1228,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF850EE3769FAD8FC5D" box="[1244,1378,891,917]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF850EE3769FAD8FC5D" box="[1244,1378,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. juliflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF854C5378AFEE3FC70" ID-CoL="YBJC" box="[247,345,926,953]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF854C5378AFEE3FC70" box="[247,345,926,953]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF85559378AFE63FC70" ID-CoL="3PX77" box="[363,473,926,952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF85559378AFE63FC70" box="[363,473,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">I. triloba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF855D9378AFC78FC70" ID-CoL="76LJC" authority="Nees ex Steud." authorityName="Steud." box="[491,962,926,953]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauperum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF855D9378AFD41FC70" box="[491,763,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pennisetum pauperum</emphasis>
|
||||
Nees ex Steud.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF857E2378BFB1EFC70" ID-CoL="3ZSGZ" box="[976,1188,926,952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF857E2378BFB1EFC70" box="[976,1188,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mentzelia aspera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF850EB378BFDE4FC13" ID-CoL="6CNWP" authority="(Mill.) Hitchc." authorityName="Hitchc." baseAuthorityName="Mill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Desmodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procumbens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF850EB378BFE30FC13" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Desmodium procumbens</emphasis>
|
||||
(Mill.) Hitchc.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8564537D7FCFDFC13" ID-CoL="YBHH" box="[631,839,961,988]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucophlyctis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8564537D7FCFDFC13" box="[631,839,961,988]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. leucophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8575137D4FEC3FC36" ID-CoL="C9FB" authority="(Hook. f.) Christoph." authorityName="Christoph." baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8575137D4FB75FC13" box="[867,1231,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Alternanthera echinocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.) Christoph.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF855A137F0FD9FFC36" ID-CoL="ZR3X" box="[403,549,996,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF855A137F0FD9FFC36" box="[403,549,996,1023]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8567137F0FCB4FC36" ID-CoL="99PMN" box="[579,782,996,1022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Lantana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8567137F0FCB4FC36" box="[579,782,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L. peduncularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF8571937F0FC79FC36" ID-CoL="4DN6J" box="[811,963,996,1022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkinsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF8571937F0FC79FC36" box="[811,963,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. aculeata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF857D237F0FBDEFC36" ID-CoL="4W35N" box="[992,1124,997,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Scutia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF857D237F0FBDEFC36" box="[992,1124,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. spicata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF850B337F0FA92FC36" ID-CoL="3YJ2J" box="[1153,1320,997,1022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF850B337F0FA92FC36" box="[1153,1320,997,1022]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF854C5301DFE0CFBE9" ID-CoL="7W5W6" box="[247,438,1032,1058]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF854C5301DFE0CFBE9" box="[247,438,1032,1058]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E62FFF854C53363FC26F842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710355" box="[247,924,1909,1931]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710355/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[247,293,1910,1931]" targetBox="[251,1382,1088,1887]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF854C53363FC26F842" blockId="16.[247,924,1909,1931]" box="[247,924,1909,1931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Map 13. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E62FFF855DE3360FC2DF842" ID-CoL="4DGDP" authority="(Latreille, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[492,919,1909,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E62FFF855DE3360FD50F842" box="[492,746,1909,1930]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Latreille, 1802)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E62FFF9517933D8FC2FFDFC" blockId="16.[1355,1385,1997,2023]" lastBlockId="17.[247,1386,186,564]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
17
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF954C534AFFD96FF1C" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[247,556,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF954C534AFFD96FF1C" box="[247,556,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been recorded visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9502B34AFFB13FF1C" ID-CoL="3H4BB" box="[1049,1193,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9502B34AFFB13FF1C" box="[1049,1193,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">G. darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9508F34AFFAD8FF1C" ID-CoL="K35N" box="[1213,1378,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9508F34AFFAD8FF1C" box="[1213,1378,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. germinans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF954C534C8FEE7FF3F" ID-CoL="W3Z6" box="[247,349,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF954C534C8FEE7FF3F" box="[247,349,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. molle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9555C34C8FE6AFF3F" ID-CoL="YBJC" box="[366,464,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9555C34C8FE6AFF3F" box="[366,464,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and extrafloral nectaries of giant endemic cacti
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9501E34C8FB25FF3F" ID-CoL="7W5VV" box="[1068,1183,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9501E34C8FB25FF3F" box="[1068,1183,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF950EC34CBFAD3FF3F" ID-CoL="6NCZP" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[1246,1385,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF950EC34CBFAD3FF3F" box="[1246,1385,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF955323515FE58FED2" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[256,482,256,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="35 - 45" refId="ref23838" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1990. - Reproductive biology of Galapagos Islands angiosperms. Monographs in Systematic Botany, 32: 35 - 45." type="journal article" year="1990">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF955323515FE2FFED1" baselines="275,276" box="[256,405,256,283]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1990
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF955DC3515FD94FED2" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[494,558,256,282]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref23806" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1993. - Flower - visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands. Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1): 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF956083514FD62FED2" author="MEIER R." box="[570,728,256,283]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF956083514FD30FED1" baselines="276,276" box="[570,650,257,283]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF956D63515FBBFFED2" author="CHAMORRO S. & HELENO R. & OLESEN J. M. & MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A." box="[740,1029,256,282]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1489 - 1501" refId="ref21572" refString="CHAMORRO S., HELENO R., OLESEN J. M., MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A., 2012. - Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galapagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110: 1489 - 1501." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF956D63515FCC8FED1" baselines="275,276" box="[740,882,256,282]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Chamorro" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CHAMORRO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9574B3514FC06FED2" box="[889,956,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was collected on plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF954C53531FE3BFEF5" ID-CoL="3H4BB" box="[247,385,291,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF954C53531FE3BFEF5" box="[247,385,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">G. darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF955BD3531FD9DFEF5" ID-CoL="3YJ2J" box="[399,551,292,317]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF955BD3531FD9DFEF5" box="[399,551,292,317]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF956073531FD49FEF5" ID-CoL="7W5W6" box="[565,755,292,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF956073531FD49FEF5" box="[565,755,292,318]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF957333531FB9EFEF5" ID-CoL="5V52F" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[769,1060,291,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cherimola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF957333531FC65FEF5" box="[769,991,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Annona cherimola</emphasis>
|
||||
Mill.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF950023531FB70FEF5" ID-CoL="4T27V" box="[1072,1226,292,317]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF950023531FB70FEF5" box="[1072,1226,292,317]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">R. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF951313531FADBFEF5" ID-CoL="YBJC" box="[1283,1377,291,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF951313531FADBFEF5" box="[1283,1377,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has been reported feeding on honeydew from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9577E3552FC6AFEA8" ID-CoL="3P8SH" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[844,976,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9577E3552FC6AFEA8" box="[844,976,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9503D3553FB62FEA9" box="[1039,1240,326,353]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9503D3553FB25FEA8" box="[1039,1183,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF950D63552FEFDFE4C" author="WETTERER J. K." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="137 - 149" refId="ref26387" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2008. - Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 11: 137 - 149." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF950D63552FAD3FEA8" baselines="346,347" box="[1252,1385,327,353]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentions a possible case of mutualism with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF957B2357FFAF6FE4C" authority="Wollaston, 1854" authorityName="Wollaston" authorityYear="1854" box="[896,1356,361,388]" genus="Coluocera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species" species="maderae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF957B2357FFBC9FE4C" box="[896,1139,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coluocera maderae</emphasis>
|
||||
Wollaston, 1854
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a beetle also recorded from Galapágos (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF9568C3598FCF7FE6F" author="PECK S. B." box="[702,845,397,423]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="151 - 157" refId="ref24463" refString="PECK S. B., 1993. - New beetle records from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Coleopterists Bulletin, 47: 151 - 157." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF9568C3598FCBAFE6D" baselines="416,416" box="[702,768,397,423]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Peck" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">PECK</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1993
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF9576B3599FC20FE6F" author="PECK S. B." box="[857,922,396,423]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref24652" refString="PECK S. B., 2005. - The Beetles of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: Evolution, Ecology, and Diversity (Insecta: Coleoptera). NRC research Press, Ottawa, Canada, 313 pp." type="book" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9579F3598FB64FE6F" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[941,1246,397,423]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9579F3598FB64FE6F" box="[941,1246,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is common in urban zones, inhabits flowerpots, buildings and streets. In gardens it can be found in plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9552B35C6FE1BFE25" ID-CoL="WP6H" box="[281,417,467,493]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9552B35C6FE1BFE25" box="[281,417,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9558335C6FD95FE25" ID-CoL="RCZK" box="[433,559,467,493]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9558335C6FD95FE25" box="[433,559,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9560C35C6FCA8FE25" ID-CoL="5V4C6" box="[574,786,467,493]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9560C35C6FCA8FE25" box="[574,786,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Annona muricata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. and grass. It is present in agricultural areas of the inhabited islands of Floreana, Isabela,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E63FFF9573035E3FC1DFDD8" box="[770,935,502,528]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">San Cristóbal</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Santa Cruz where it is reported from crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF95591360FFD9DFDFB" ID-CoL="778SQ" box="[419,551,537,563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Phaseolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF95591360FFD9DFDFB" box="[419,551,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF95604360FFD6AFDFB" ID-CoL="3XV44" box="[566,720,537,563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF95604360FFD6AFDFB" box="[566,720,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. esculenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF95738360FFC37FDFB" box="[778,909,538,564]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF95738360FFC37FDFB" box="[778,909,538,564]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E63FFF954C5365CFC38FCFD" blockId="17.[247,1385,585,822]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF954C5365CFD91FDAB" ID-CoL="4DGDP" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[247,555,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paratrechina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF954C5365CFD91FDAB" box="[247,555,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Paratrechina longicornis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is invasive in many parts of the world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF95010365CFB42FDAB" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[1058,1272,585,611]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="137 - 149" refId="ref26387" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2008. - Worldwide spread of the longhorn crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 11: 137 - 149." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF95010365CFB12FDAA" baselines="604,605" box="[1058,1192,585,611]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and has probably been introduced several times to the islands. In
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E63FFF957923679FBA5FD4E" box="[928,1055,620,646]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
it is considered an invasive ant with a high potential to disperse and colonize new natural areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF95005369AFAF8FD61" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[1079,1346,655,681]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF95005369AFB17FD60" baselines="674,675" box="[1079,1197,655,681]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF950863685FB43FD61" box="[1204,1273,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is common in ports and airports and has been intercepted in commercial aircraft during quarantine inspections of products from mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E63FFF9574736C0FC63FD27" box="[885,985,725,751]" name="Ecuador" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF9502636C3FB16FD38" box="[1044,1196,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF9502636C3FB19FD38" ID-CoL="66LDM" box="[1044,1187,726,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in Baltra. The species was also found in cargo and on tourist ships (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF957AD36ECFBF1FCDB" author="LOMAS E." box="[927,1099,761,787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF957AD36ECFC42FCD9" baselines="780,780" box="[927,1016,761,787]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF9506936ECFA98FCDB" author="HERRERA H. W." box="[1115,1314,761,787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref22530" refString="HERRERA H. W., 2011. - Monitoreo de invertebrados en barcos de carga desde Guayaquil a Galapagos. Ministerio del Ambiente del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 251 pp." type="book" year="2011">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF9506936ECFB75FCD9" baselines="780,780" box="[1115,1231,761,787]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), that probably facilitate its spread to and within
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E63FFF956C9370EFCC4FCFD" box="[763,894,795,821]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
122
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122
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E63FFFA54C5376FFBF2FEA8.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="94DA37D2D687F85361A78E2B65A3F5B1">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E63FFF954C5376FFD54FC5D" authority="Fernandez, 2003" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="2003" box="[247,750,890,917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adelomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoi">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E63FFF954C5376FFDA9FC5D" bold="true" box="[247,531,890,917]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Adelomyrmex longinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF95628376FFD54FC5D" author="FERNANDEZ C. F." box="[538,750,890,917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref22039" refString="FERNANDEZ C. F., 2003. - Revision of the myrmicine ants of the Adelomyrmex genus - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa, 361: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="2003">Fernández, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E63FFF954C5378BFD40FC70" box="[247,762,926,952]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E63FFF954C5378BFD40FC70" blockId="17.[247,762,856,952]" box="[247,762,926,952]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173239). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E63FFF956A3378BFD4BFC70" box="[657,753,926,952]" captionStart="Map 14" captionStartId="17.[247,293,1875,1896]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1052,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-355@17.[247,1386,1048,1853]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Map 14. Distribution and ecological zone registered for Adelomyrmex longinoi Fernández, 2003." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710357/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Map 14</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E63FFFA54C537DBFBF2FEA8" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E63FFFA54C537DBFBF2FEA8" blockId="17.[247,1385,974,1036]" lastBlockId="18.[247,1386,186,353]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
An introduced species known from Central America; from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E63FFF9502937DBFB27FC20" box="[1051,1181,974,1000]" name="Guatemala" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E63FFF950E937DBFAD3FC20" box="[1243,1385,974,1000]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF9553237E4FE5BFBC3" author="FERNANDEZ C. F." box="[256,481,1008,1036]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref22039" refString="FERNANDEZ C. F., 2003. - Revision of the myrmicine ants of the Adelomyrmex genus - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa, 361: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF9553237E4FE28FBC2" baselines="1028,1027" box="[256,402,1008,1035]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fernandez" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FERNÁNDEZ</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E63FFF955DF37E7FD15FBC3" author="LONGINO J. T." box="[493,687,1009,1036]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref23356" refString="LONGINO J. T., 2012. - A review of the ant genus Adelomyrmex Emery 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Central America. Zootaxa, 3456: 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E63FFF955DF37E7FDE4FBC2" baselines="1029,1029" box="[493,606,1010,1036]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was collected in Galápagos for the first time in 2003 and is only known from the Humid Zone of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA570834AFFC35FF1C" box="[826,911,186,212]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E60FFFA57C934AFFADEFF1C" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[1019,1380,186,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA57C934AFFBCAFF1B" baselines="205,206" box="[1019,1136,186,212]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E60FFFA57C934AFFBCAFF1B" box="[1019,1136,186,212]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E60FFFA509334AEFAABFF1B" baselines="206,206" box="[1185,1297,187,213]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, misidentified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA55F234C8FD95FF3F" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[448,559,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adelomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA55F234C8FD95FF3F" box="[448,559,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. myops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). A few specimens have been collected in litter in mature forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA54C53514FE68FED3" authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[247,466,256,283]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA54C53514FE39FED2" box="[247,387,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Inga edulis</emphasis>
|
||||
Mart.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E60FFFA56253514FD25FED2" box="[535,671,257,282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E60FFFA56253514FD25FED2" box="[535,671,257,282]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in disturbed and cultivated areas. Additional Berlese or Winkler sampling throughout other islands of the archipelago might reveal more records of this species and help us understand its distribution and habitat preferences.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
123
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E65FFFF54C53035FD06FA6E.xml
Normal file
123
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Normal file
|
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@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C53051FCACFB96" blockId="23.[247,790,1056,1154]" box="[247,790,1092,1118]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Pharaoh's Trailing Ant (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF562A3051FCB4FB96" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[536,782,1092,1118]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56B73050FD72FB96" box="[645,712,1092,1118]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
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2000
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C53072FD48FB49" blockId="23.[247,790,1056,1154]" box="[247,754,1127,1154]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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(ANTWEB: ICCDRS0013052). (
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E65FFFF56BB3072FD53FB49" box="[649,745,1127,1153]" captionStart="Map 21" captionStartId="24.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-37@24.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Map 21. Distribution of Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710381/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Map 21</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C53082FD06FA6E" blockId="23.[247,1386,1174,1446]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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A tramp ant with worldwide distribution (
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, 2015). It was collected for the first time in
|
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E65FFFF552430AFFE2FFB1C" box="[278,405,1210,1236]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
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in 1905 on Santa Cruz and Pinta by
|
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(1919).
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF501B30AFFAF4FB1C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1065,1358,1210,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF501B30AFFAF4FB1C" box="[1065,1358,1210,1236]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monomorium pharaonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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is distributed on four islands in dry and humid zones. Specimens have primarily been collected from disturbed areas; Baltra airport, agricultural areas of Isabela, Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz Island, as well as on aircrafts coming from mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E65FFFF57813136FBA6FAF5" box="[947,1052,1315,1341]" name="Ecuador" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
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. The only known case of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF54C53152FE23FAA8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[247,409,1350,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF54C53152FE23FAA8" box="[247,409,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. pharaonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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in natural areas is on Pinta Island, where specimens were collected in 1982 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CBD9B653E65FFFF54C5317CFEE9FA4B" box="[247,339,1385,1411]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0952399999999995" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="in" value="2006.0">2006 in</quantity>
|
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the littoral zone.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF5618317FFCEAFA4B" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[554,848,1385,1411]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharaonis">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF5618317FFCEAFA4B" box="[554,848,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monomorium pharaonis</emphasis>
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|
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is considered a moderately invasive species in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E65FFFF55243199FE2FFA6E" box="[278,405,1420,1446]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
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(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF55943199FD15FA6E" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[422,687,1420,1446]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56113198FDDCFA6E" box="[547,614,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
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2006
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
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</paragraph>
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277
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<mods:detail id="D1F9FE81C40F0A59DFA703F792F2833A" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="3196F17680FD8F3FEDF54D5EECD5AA39">93</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:start id="BC662FCD3B9B86828F7D484AE1D6704B">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="5F3BB81DDA272BE0EFDC5E4E00FA0A8D">60</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="5C29578845D15B1ABA7EFC53D0ADB8FE">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="EA241B840A96A9F301F9E002D55DAD52" type="CLB-Dataset">302430</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="230D56D59F2696A40F18053F14DE75A4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E9CE6743A40124E83773D34C24040D02" type="GBIF-Dataset">83b9d93e-6482-4509-82e7-d477e479612b</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="18A6002B4AB19F0035BDFD44A8F65672" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E9419A4D0776C3734B6D21FA07ADAFEA" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="76519A66E7EB1BDE05AAFC696A5BB21B" type="ZooBank">2612CE09-F7FF-45CD-B52E-99F04DC2AA56</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E65FFFF54C5350CFD0DFC36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E65FFFF54C5350CFD0DFC36" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E65FFFF54C5350CFD0DFC36" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E65FFFF54C5350CFD6CFEFB" box="[247,726,281,308]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C5350CFD6CFEFB" blockId="23.[247,793,281,378]" box="[247,726,281,308]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF54C5350CFD6CFEFB" ID-CoL="6RP7N" authority="(Jerdon, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[247,726,281,308]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floricola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF54C5350CFD6CFEFB" bold="true" box="[247,726,281,308]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF54C5350CFDAFFEFC" bold="true" box="[247,533,281,308]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monomorium floricola</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jerdon, 1851)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E65FFFF54C53529FD41FEB2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C53529FCA3FE9F" blockId="23.[247,793,281,378]" box="[247,793,316,343]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Bicolored Trailing Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF56293528FCABFE9F" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[539,785,316,343]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF56293528FD3AFE9E" baselines="336,337" box="[539,640,317,343]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56BA3528FD71FE9E" box="[648,715,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C53575FD41FEB2" blockId="23.[247,793,281,378]" box="[247,763,352,378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173274). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E65FFFF56A33575FD48FEB2" box="[657,754,352,378]" captionStart="Map 20" captionStartId="24.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-26@24.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Map 20. Distribution of Monomorium floricola (Jerdon, 1851)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710379/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Map 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E65FFFF54C5359AFD0DFC36" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E65FFFF54C5359AFD0DFC36" blockId="23.[247,1386,399,1023]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
This pantropical species is a tramp ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF56E3359AFCCFFE61" author="KEMPF W." box="[721,885,399,426]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF56E3359AFC9CFE60" baselines="418,419" box="[721,806,399,425]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF57B23585FBCCFE61" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[896,1142,399,426]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF57B23585FC5FFE60" baselines="419,419" box="[896,997,400,426]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF57DE3585FB95FE61" box="[1004,1071,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF50B03585FABDFE60" baselines="419,419" box="[1154,1287,400,426]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010a) and was introduced to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E65FFFF562135A7FD28FE04" box="[531,658,434,460]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
via human activities. It is now found on 26 islands where many islets are included.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF560635C3FCF0FE27" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[564,842,469,495]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floricola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF560635C3FCF0FE27" box="[564,842,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monomorium floricola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
typically occurs in littoral and dry zones in natural and disturbed environments as well as in agricultural areas. It was collected for the first time on Genovesa Island in 1923 nesting in dead twigs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF578D3608FAF0FDFE" authority="(WHEELER, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="WHEELER" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[959,1354,540,566]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF578D3608FBDFFDFE" box="[959,1125,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF50443609FB55FDFD" baselines="559,560" box="[1142,1263,540,566]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has also been observed to nest in branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF57783655FC5DFD91" box="[842,999,576,601]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF57783655FC5DFD91" box="[842,999,576,601]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and rotten logs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50F73655FEE5FDB4" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floricola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50F73655FEE5FDB4" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Monomorium floricola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is diurnal (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF55DF3677FD33FDB4" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[493,649,610,637]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF55DF3677FD80FDB3" baselines="629,630" box="[493,570,610,636]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and can be found in leaf–litter and foraging between rocks and plants in humid and dry forests. This species has been recorded visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50CB3690FE86FD0A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Plumeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50CB3690FE86FD0A" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Plumeria rubra</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF555E36BCFE5BFD0A" box="[364,481,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF555E36BCFE5BFD0A" box="[364,481,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. helleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF55DD36BCFC83FD0A" box="[495,825,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF55DD36BCFD1CFD0A" box="[495,678,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">S. pedunculata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF568036BCFC83FD0A" box="[690,825,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gordilloi">S. gordilloi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF57EE36BCFBF4FD0A" box="[988,1102,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF57EE36BCFBF4FD0A" box="[988,1102,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF506F36BCFAD0FD0A" box="[1117,1386,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF506F36BCFB6EFD0A" box="[1117,1236,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">O. helleri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50D236BCFAD0FD0A" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[1248,1386,680,706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">J. thouarsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF551E36D9FE34FD2D" box="[300,398,715,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF551E36D9FE34FD2D" box="[300,398,715,742]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and tending
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF560B36D9FD07FD2D" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[569,701,715,741]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF560B36D9FD07FD2D" box="[569,701,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in return for honeydew (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF57C736D9FBD4FD2C" baselines="735,735" box="[1013,1134,716,742]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF50FC36D9FE8DFCC1" author="MCMULLEN C. K." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref23806" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1993. - Flower - visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands. Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1): 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF50FC36D9FADBFD2C" baselines="735,735" box="[1230,1377,716,742]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1993
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF557136FAFE5BFCC1" author="MEIER R." box="[323,481,751,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF557136FAFE28FCC0" baselines="770,771" box="[323,402,751,777]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF55DE36FAFD2EFCC1" author="BOADA R." box="[492,660,750,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF55DE36FAFDFFFCCF" baselines="770,770" box="[492,581,751,777]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF56AD36FAFC04FCC1" author="CHAMORRO S. & HELENO R. & OLESEN J. M. & MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A." box="[671,958,750,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1489 - 1501" refId="ref21572" refString="CHAMORRO S., HELENO R., OLESEN J. M., MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A., 2012. - Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galapagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110: 1489 - 1501." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF56AD36FAFC97FCCF" baselines="770,770" box="[671,813,751,777]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Chamorro" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CHAMORRO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF570636FAFCCDFCC0" box="[820,887,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF57FB36FAFB78FCC1" author="HODDLE M. S. & CRESPO & RAMIREZ C. & HODDLE C. D. & LOAYZA J. & LINCANGO M. P. & VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[969,1218,750,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="262 - 274" refId="ref22669" refString="HODDLE M. S., CRESPO - RAMIREZ C., HODDLE C. D., LOAYZA J., LINCANGO M. P., VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E., 2013. - Post release evaluation of Rodolia cardinalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for control of Icerya purchasi (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Biological Control, 67: 262 - 274." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF57FB36FAFB8AFCCF" baselines="770,770" box="[969,1072,751,777]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hoddle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">HODDLE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF500436FAFBC3FCC0" box="[1078,1145,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species was also collected in branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF56A43704FB9CFCE4" authority="Rob. & Greenm." authorityName="Rob. & Greenm." box="[662,1062,785,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baurii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56A43704FCF7FCE3" box="[662,845,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Scalesia baurii</emphasis>
|
||||
Rob. & Greenm.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50063707FB08FCE3" box="[1076,1202,785,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50063707FB08FCE3" box="[1076,1202,785,812]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. cordata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50F03707FE09FC98" authority="(BOADA, 2005)" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50F03707FAD3FCE3" box="[1218,1385,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF55323720FE10FC98" author="BOADA R." box="[256,426,821,848]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF55323720FEE0FC86" baselines="840,841" box="[256,346,821,847]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In agricultural areas it has been found on
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF579D3720FB89FC87" box="[943,1075,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF579D3720FB95FC87" box="[943,1071,821,847]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spp">Citrus spp</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50703723FB25FC87" box="[1090,1183,822,847]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50703723FB25FC87" box="[1090,1183,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF50EB3720FAD3FC87" box="[1241,1385,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF50EB3720FADFFC87" box="[1241,1381,821,847]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
It can be found near houses, in abandoned lots, docks and airports. In gardens it was found on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF54C5376EFECFFC5D" box="[247,373,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF54C5376EFECFFC5D" box="[247,373,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF55B43769FD97FC5D" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[390,557,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF55B43769FD97FC5D" box="[390,557,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF560C376EFD61FC5D" box="[574,731,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cherimola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF560C376EFD61FC5D" box="[574,731,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. cherimola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF56DE376EFC68FC5D" box="[748,978,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tamarindus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56DE376EFC68FC5D" box="[748,978,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tamarindus indica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF5034376EFBD2FC5D" box="[1030,1128,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF5034376EFBD2FC5D" box="[1030,1128,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF504B376EFA88FC5D" box="[1145,1330,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nilotica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF504B376EFA88FC5D" box="[1145,1330,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Acacia nilotica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Willd. Ex Delile,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF55D7378BFDC6FC70" box="[485,636,926,952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF55D7378BFDC6FC70" box="[485,636,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF56A1378AFC75FC70" box="[659,975,926,953]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zoysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="matrella" variety="pacifica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF56A1378AFC9BFC70" box="[659,801,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Z. matrella</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF575C378BFC75FC70" box="[878,975,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF5028378AFB13FC70" box="[1050,1193,926,953]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF5028378AFB13FC70" box="[1050,1193,926,953]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E65FFFF50D8378BFAD3FC70" box="[1258,1385,926,952]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF54C537D7FE3DFC13" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[247,391,961,988]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floricola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF54C537D7FEAAFC13" box="[247,272,962,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF552D37D4FE3DFC13" box="[287,391,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">floricola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered an invasive ant with a high potential to disperse and colonize new natural areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E65FFFF559337F1FD10FC36" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[417,682,996,1022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF559337F1FDADFC35" baselines="1015,1016" box="[417,535,996,1022]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF562C37F0FDDBFC36" box="[542,609,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
154
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E66FFFC54C53529FC31FD2E.xml
Normal file
154
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E66FFFC54C53529FC31FD2E.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="AA4739BBCC174BF3442495A70C7CD0ED">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAE34F92CA1F5861F95F58A3511A0AAD">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="440E84338854EDCF4F1875AFBCB4D929">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C53529FD8DFE9E" box="[247,567,316,343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C53529FD8DFE9E" blockId="20.[247,754,316,378]" box="[247,567,316,343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53529FD8DFE9E" bold="true" box="[247,567,316,343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C53529FE56FE9F" ID-CoL="3VHN" authority="JTL" authorityName="JTL" box="[247,492,316,343]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53529FE17FE9E" bold="true" box="[247,429,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Crematogaster</emphasis>
|
||||
JTL
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– 022
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C53575FD48FEB2" box="[247,754,351,378]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C53575FD48FEB2" blockId="20.[247,754,316,378]" box="[247,754,351,378]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: ICCDRS0002584). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E66FFFC56BB3575FD53FEB2" box="[649,745,352,378]" captionStart="Map 17" captionStartId="21.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-35@21.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Map 17. Distribution and ecological zone registered for Crematogaster JTL-022." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710365/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Map 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C5359AFC31FD2E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C5359AFC31FD2E" blockId="20.[247,1386,399,742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Probably distributed in the Andean regions of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E66FFFC570C359AFC0FFE61" box="[830,949,399,425]" name="Colombia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E66FFFC5064359AFB37FE61" box="[1110,1165,399,425]" name="Peru" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Perú</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC5093359AFE83FE04" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
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|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC51103585FAD3FE61" box="[1314,1385,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC557E35A6FD8DFE05" authority="JTL" authorityName="JTL" box="[332,567,435,461]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC557E35A6FDBBFE05" box="[332,513,435,461]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Crematogaster</emphasis>
|
||||
JTL
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–022 is an uncommon species recently introduced to the islands and only known from the Littoral and Transition Zone on San Cristóbal. It was recorded for the first time in
|
||||
<quantity id="4CBD9B653E66FFFC556135ECFE15FDDB" box="[339,431,505,531]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007 in</quantity>
|
||||
urban area near the coast of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC506135ECFAE6FDDB" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[1107,1372,505,531]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
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|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC50E235ECFAB6FDDB" box="[1232,1292,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C53609FE5CFDFE" authority="JTL" authorityName="JTL" box="[247,486,540,566]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53609FE16FDFE" box="[247,428,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Crematogaster</emphasis>
|
||||
JTL
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–022 is a species that closely resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57E03609FE89FD92" authority="Emery, 1895" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57E03609FAB2FDFE" box="[978,1288,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Crematogaster obscurata</emphasis>
|
||||
Emery, 1895
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC5576362AFDF7FD91" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[324,589,575,601]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC5576362AFE03FD90" baselines="594,595" box="[324,441,575,601]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC55F33655FDBEFD91" box="[449,516,575,601]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was found nesting in small dead branches in sunny habitats. It was collected in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC558C3677FDE5FDB4" box="[446,607,610,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC558C3677FDE5FDB4" box="[446,607,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC574B3677FB8DFDB4" box="[889,1079,610,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC574B3677FB8DFDB4" box="[889,1079,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC50423677FB40FDB4" box="[1136,1274,610,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC50423677FB40FDB4" box="[1136,1274,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G. darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This ant is considered a peripheral species in the pollination networks in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC50393690FB30FD57" box="[1035,1162,645,671]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC50AE3690FAA1FD56" baselines="664,665" box="[1180,1307,645,671]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Traveset" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">TRAVESET</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC51163693FAD3FD57" box="[1316,1385,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2011).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC557C36BCFD87FD0A" authority="JTL" authorityName="JTL" box="[334,573,680,707]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC557C36BCFDB9FD0B" box="[334,515,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Crematogaster</emphasis>
|
||||
JTL
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–022 is also know from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC575836BDFC68FD0A" box="[874,978,680,706]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Orellana</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC503D36BDFB2FFD0A" box="[1039,1173,680,706]" country="Ecuador" name="Sucumbios" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sucumbios</collectingRegion>
|
||||
provinces on the mainland of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E66FFFC55BD36DEFE49FD2D" box="[399,499,715,741]" name="Ecuador" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Longino pers. comm.,
|
||||
<date id="FFFB10403E66FFFC572436DEFCC4FD2E" box="[790,894,715,742]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="2015-11">XI.2015</date>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
120
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120
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E66FFFC54C53712FC7DFBC9.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C53712FCC4FCE9" ID-CoL="33FRT" authority="Snelling and Longino, 1992" authorityName="Snelling and Longino" authorityYear="1992" box="[247,894,775,802]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nesiotus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53712FDA3FCE9" bold="true" box="[247,537,775,802]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cyphomyrmex nesiotus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC56133712FCC4FCE9" author="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T." box="[545,894,775,802]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="479 - 494" refId="ref25219" refString="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T., 1992. - Revisionary notes on the fungus - growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus group. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini). In: QUINTERO D., & AEILLO A. (eds). - Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 479 - 494." type="book chapter" year="1992">Snelling and Longino, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C5373EFD52FC8D" box="[247,744,811,837]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C5373EFD52FC8D" blockId="20.[247,894,775,837]" box="[247,744,811,837]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: JTLC000009386). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E66FFFC564D373EFD65FC8D" box="[639,735,811,837]" captionStart="Map 18" captionStartId="21.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-46@21.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Map 18. Distribution of Cyphomyrmex nesiotus Snelling & Longino, 1992." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710371/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Map 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C5374FFC7DFBC9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C5374FFC7DFBC9" blockId="20.[247,1385,858,1025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CDD3E66FFFC54C5374FFDE2FCBC" box="[247,600,858,884]" collectorName="Only" location="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Galapagos">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26B053563E66FFFC54C5374FFE89FCBC" box="[247,307,858,884]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Only</collectorName>
|
||||
known from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC55EB374FFDE2FCBC" box="[473,600,858,884]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
this ant species is probably endemic to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC5072374FFB05FCBC" box="[1088,1215,858,884]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
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|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC54C5376BFEDDFC5E" baselines="913,913" box="[247,359,894,920]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1992).
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CDD3E66FFFC55FF376BFC5FFC5F" box="[461,997,893,920]" collectorName="It" location="Humid Zone" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Isabela">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26B053563E66FFFC55FF376BFE65FC50" box="[461,479,894,920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">It</collectorName>
|
||||
only occurs in the
|
||||
<location id="8E9A605B3E66FFFC56FB3768FCD9FC50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E66FFFC54C53712FC7DFBC9:8E9A605B3E66FFFC56FB3768FCD9FC50" box="[713,867,893,920]" name="Humid Zone" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Isabela">Humid Zone</location>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC57BE3768FC5FFC5F" box="[908,997,893,919]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B2D3CDD3E66FFFC57C03768FC79FBC9" collectorName="Workers" location="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Galapagos">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26B053563E66FFFC57C03768FBE0FC5F" box="[1010,1114,893,919]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Workers</collectorName>
|
||||
were collected for the first time in 1982 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC55EC37B4FCFAFC73" author="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T." box="[478,832,929,955]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="479 - 494" refId="ref25219" refString="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T., 1992. - Revisionary notes on the fungus - growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus group. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini). In: QUINTERO D., & AEILLO A. (eds). - Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 479 - 494." type="book chapter" year="1992">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC55EC37B4FDECFC71" baselines="948,948" box="[478,598,929,955]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Snelling" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">SNELLING</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC56B237B4FD4AFC71" baselines="948,948" box="[640,752,929,955]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1992
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), in secondary forests near agricultural areas, where it was observed foraging between the leaf–litter.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC579B37D1FB7EFC16" authorityName="Snelling and Longino" authorityYear="1992" box="[937,1220,964,990]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nesiotus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC579B37D1FB7EFC16" box="[937,1220,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cyphomyrmex nesiotus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the two species of fungus–growing ants recorded in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC577237F2FC79FBC9" box="[832,963,999,1025]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
247
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E66FFFF54C53036FC4BFF3F.xml
Normal file
247
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E66FFFF54C53036FC4BFF3F.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="B1347D214E1982303C41C08084FAAB54">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C53036FD70FBF5" box="[247,714,1059,1086]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C53036FD70FBF5" blockId="20.[247,880,1059,1191]" box="[247,714,1059,1086]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C53036FD70FBF5" ID-CoL="33FS2" authority="Spinola, 1851" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[247,714,1059,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53036FD70FBF5" bold="true" box="[247,714,1059,1086]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53036FDACFBF5" bold="true" box="[247,534,1059,1086]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cyphomyrmex rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
Spinola, 1851
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFC54C53052FCD8FB6E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C53052FC89FBA8" blockId="20.[247,880,1059,1191]" box="[247,819,1094,1121]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Larger Little Fungus Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC56073053FC91FBA8" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[565,811,1094,1120]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC56073053FD20FB97" baselines="1113,1114" box="[565,666,1094,1120]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC56903052FD5FFBA8" box="[674,741,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C5307CFCCAFB4B" blockId="20.[247,880,1059,1191]" box="[247,880,1129,1155]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">(ANTWEB: CASENT0173243, CASENT0173246).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C53099FCD8FB6E" blockId="20.[247,880,1059,1191]" box="[247,866,1164,1191]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Light morph (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E66FFFC55AC3098FDB1FB6F" box="[414,523,1165,1191]" captionStart="Map 19" captionStartId="22.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@22.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Map 19a. Distribution of Cyphomyrmex rimosus Spinola, 1851. (Ligth morph)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710373/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Map 19a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and dark morph (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E66FFFC56D83098FCE3FB6E" box="[746,857,1164,1191]" captionStart="Map 19" captionStartId="22.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@22.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Map 19a. Distribution of Cyphomyrmex rimosus Spinola, 1851. (Ligth morph)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710373/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Map 19b</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E66FFFF54C530A9FC4BFF3F" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFC54C530A9FD03F9DA" blockId="20.[247,1385,1212,1554]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Widespread from southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E66FFFC566830A9FD16FB1E" box="[602,684,1212,1238]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to northern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E66FFFC576830A9FC68FB1E" box="[858,978,1212,1238]" name="Argentina" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC57DE30A9FADEFB1E" author="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T." box="[1004,1380,1212,1239]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="479 - 494" refId="ref25219" refString="SNELLING R. R. & LONGINO J. T., 1992. - Revisionary notes on the fungus - growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus group. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini). In: QUINTERO D., & AEILLO A. (eds). - Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 479 - 494." type="book chapter" year="1992">
|
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|
||||
&
|
||||
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|
||||
, 1992
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC54C530F5FDB9FB31" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[247,515,1247,1274]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC54C530F5FEE6FB30" baselines="1267,1267" box="[247,348,1248,1274]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC555830F5FE0EFB31" box="[362,436,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC562430F5FC3EFB31" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[534,900,1247,1274]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC562430F5FD33FB30" baselines="1267,1267" box="[534,649,1248,1274]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC568F30F5FC94FB30" baselines="1267,1267" box="[701,814,1248,1274]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC579230F5FB92FB31" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[928,1064,1248,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC579230F5FB92FB31" box="[928,1064,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is thought to have been introduced by humans to Galapagos. It was reported for the first time on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC50433117FB42FAD4" box="[1137,1272,1282,1308]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island in 2008 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC55743133FD12FA88" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[326,680,1318,1344]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC55743133FE01FAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[326,443,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC55D43133FDECFAF6" baselines="1337,1337" box="[486,598,1318,1344]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Since then it has been recorded on five islands. It nests under rocks and bark of rotten trunks (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC56DF315CFC1CFAAB" box="[749,934,1353,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC56DF315CFC1CFAAB" box="[749,934,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It is common in the humid areas (landfills, stone and sand quarries) as well as in the Transition Zone, being almost completely absent in the Littoral and Dry Zone.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC569B319AFBB3FA61" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[681,1033,1423,1449]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC569B319AFCA7FA60" baselines="1442,1443" box="[681,797,1423,1449]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC5770319AFC08FA60" baselines="1442,1443" box="[834,946,1423,1449]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
distinguish a light and a dark form of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC556A31A7FE63FA04" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[344,473,1458,1484]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC556A31A7FE63FA04" box="[344,473,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Galápagos and they refer to them as sympatric forms as occurs in Florida, where a native form (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC55CF31C0FD3AFA27" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1862" box="[509,640,1493,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC55CF31C0FD3AFA27" box="[509,640,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. minutus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) is sympatric with an introduced form, the darker
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC50D431C0FEF8F9DA" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rimosus" subSpecies="fuscus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC50D431C0FEF8F9DA" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus fuscus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from southern South America.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E66FFFF54C5323DFC4BFF3F" blockId="20.[247,1386,1576,1919]" lastBlockId="23.[247,1385,186,248]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
On
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC5518323DFE0AF98A" box="[298,432,1576,1602]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC5616323DFD17F98A" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[548,685,1576,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC5616323DFD17F98A" box="[548,685,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a common inhabitant of forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC509A323DFAD8F98A" box="[1192,1378,1576,1602]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC509A323DFAD8F98A" box="[1192,1378,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C5325EFEC3F9AD" box="[247,377,1611,1637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odorata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C5325EFEC3F9AD" box="[247,377,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. odorata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Humid Zone and is also found in the lower part of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC50A73259FB43F9AD" box="[1173,1273,1612,1637]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC50A73259FB43F9AD" box="[1173,1273,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Miconia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
zone. In cultivated areas it is reported in crops of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC56DB327BFCC0F940" box="[745,890,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC56DB327BFCCFF940" box="[745,885,1646,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57B0327AFB23F940" box="[898,1177,1646,1673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="italica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57B0327AFBB7F940" box="[898,1037,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC507E327BFB23F940" box="[1100,1177,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">italica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC509B327AFAD8F940" box="[1193,1378,1646,1672]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC509B327AFAD8F940" box="[1193,1378,1646,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C53287FD8EF963" box="[247,564,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C53287FE23F963" box="[247,409,1681,1707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">M. esculenta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC55983287FD8EF963" box="[426,564,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">C. annuum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC567A3287FD68F963" box="[584,722,1681,1707]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC567A3287FD68F963" box="[584,722,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC56D43287FCF3F963" box="[742,841,1682,1707]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC56D43287FCF3F963" box="[742,841,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC576E3287FC59F963" box="[860,995,1681,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC576E3287FC59F963" box="[860,995,1681,1708]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57C53287FA8BF963" authorityName="Lambinon" authorityYear="2004" box="[1015,1329,1681,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57C53287FB3CF963" box="[1015,1158,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC50FC3287FA8BF963" box="[1230,1329,1682,1707]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC54C532A0FEC0F906" box="[247,378,1717,1742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC54C532A0FEC0F906" box="[247,378,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has been recorded in disturbed areas of inhabited islands such as in landfills, and stone and sand quarries. In urban areas the species is present in gardens, where workers can build nests and cultivate fungus under rocks or between sidewalk borders, especially in small humid areas covered with grass and ornamental plants.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57A7330BFBA2F8F0" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[917,1048,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57A7330BFBA2F8F0" box="[917,1048,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
profits from flowers, fruits, nectar and sap which it uses as substrates for growing fungi (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E66FFFC57EC3354FAB5F893" author="LEAL I. R. & OLIVEIRA P. S." box="[990,1295,1857,1883]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="376 - 382" refId="ref23184" refString="LEAL I. R. & OLIVEIRA P. S., 2000. - Foraging ecology of attine ants in a Neotropical savanna: seasonal use of fungal substrate in the cerrado vegetation of Brazil. Insectes Sociaux, 47 (4): 376 - 382." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC57EC3354FBA5F892" baselines="1876,1877" box="[990,1055,1857,1883]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Leal" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">LEAL</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E66FFFC507A3354FB07F892" baselines="1876,1877" box="[1096,1213,1857,1883]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Oliveira" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">OLIVEIRA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In the highlands of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC55A63371FDA6F8B6" box="[404,540,1892,1918]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, San Cristóbal and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E66FFFC57343371FCE1F8B6" box="[774,859,1892,1918]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Islands,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E66FFFC57F53371FBF3F8B6" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1851" box="[967,1097,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E66FFFC57F53371FBF3F8B6" box="[967,1097,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C. rimosus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
inhabits areas that are invaded by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E65FFFF55B434AEFDEBFF1C" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[390,593,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF55B434AEFDEBFF1C" box="[390,593,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, where it seems to be tolerant of the little fire ant. This behavior was also observed by
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E65FFFF55CD34C8FDD4FF3E" baselines="240,241" box="[511,622,221,247]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Grainer" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">GRAINER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E65FFFF564734CBFD0BFF3F" box="[629,689,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2017) in French
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E65FFFF57B934C8FC57FF3F" box="[907,1005,221,247]" name="Guyana" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
229
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25.xml
Normal file
229
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="B706E4D2B75CEE8815D3D0304D0351AD">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="6C764CBC4DD89E20C287E1DC1F051F88" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="008A11F3AC2699D3665279361F4600D5">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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|
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||||
<mods:namePart id="99009E81F15340298D07F0D1A955BCB1">Pozo, Paola</mods:namePart>
|
||||
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|
||||
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<mods:namePart id="5F925BDE5968302B6954B69F212D300A">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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||||
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8F32C931A1D89EEE68CD0ECD0E52AEF5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D653FF0116F158FFE99DCA857A16ADBC">Belgian Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:part id="54A2F8D5C73EFA851725BEE063E6ABF5">
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<mods:date id="EFA3E9BC5D10431166FFFE27AEB875B4">2020</mods:date>
|
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<mods:detail id="A5C5BC11B7EB94CDEE1DEF96A7B2691A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C803000E4D0F047A0B2AABE02C502380">93</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="08FE650465CEBC6ADC013456725844E2" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="E670623A204A4A8F8AD02E9A75BCE262">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="4444028310A5935C3C5FEF9C799B1217">60</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="F6CA4EF1510AEE48730A7DC3BDCC39B8">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="67D64639870BE434CC62779D86ABB0F3" type="CLB-Dataset">302430</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="78C4A79DE539231319817974D917D771" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="41A0198077F77D7BF48DB194D8D9F5D1" type="GBIF-Dataset">83b9d93e-6482-4509-82e7-d477e479612b</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="53FF5CFA1CE738161FF4D0308BD52035" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E246810FFD8670EA2C230B333CB85A46" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="B0C4DC4092CB9B77469374F37D665E19" type="ZooBank">2612CE09-F7FF-45CD-B52E-99F04DC2AA56</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E68FFF454C531DEFE61FE25" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E68FFF254C531DEFD1AFA2D" box="[247,672,1483,1510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E68FFF254C531DEFD1AFA2D" blockId="26.[247,762,1483,1545]" box="[247,672,1483,1510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF254C531DEFD1AFA2D" ID-CoL="4FYPC" authority="(Wheeler, 1919)" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[247,672,1483,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF254C531DEFD1AFA2D" bold="true" box="[247,672,1483,1510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF254C531DEFE61FA2E" bold="true" box="[247,475,1483,1510]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pheidole williamsi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wheeler, 1919)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E68FFF254C531FBFD40F9C1" box="[247,762,1518,1545]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E68FFF254C531FBFD40F9C1" blockId="26.[247,762,1483,1545]" box="[247,762,1518,1545]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173266). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E68FFF256A331FBFD4BF9C1" box="[657,753,1518,1545]" captionStart="Map 25" captionStartId="27.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-42@27.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Map 25. Distribution of Pheidole williamsi (Wheeler, 1919)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710389/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Map 25</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E68FFF454C5320BFE61FE25" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E68FFF454C5320BFE61FE25" blockId="26.[247,1386,1566,1909]" lastBlockId="28.[247,1386,186,493]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF254C5320BFE5AF9F0" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[247,480,1566,1592]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF254C5320BFE5AF9F0" box="[247,480,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pheidole williamsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is possibly endemic to Galápagos (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF25788320BFBA4F9FF" baselines="1585,1586" box="[954,1054,1566,1592]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wilson" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">WILSON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003). The first records originate from Santa Cruz Island (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF256BE3254FCBFF992" baselines="1620,1621" box="[652,773,1601,1627]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). Currently it is distributed on 25 islands and islets and often it is found in natural areas in littoral, dry and transition zones. It nests on sandy beaches (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF255563292FE67F968" baselines="1690,1691" box="[356,477,1671,1697]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924), under rocks below shrubs, dry trunks of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2502B329DFB23F969" box="[1049,1177,1672,1698]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2502B329DFB23F969" box="[1049,1177,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and dry branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2552A32BEFE07F90C" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[280,445,1706,1732]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2552A32BEFE07F90C" box="[280,445,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has been observed foraging between litter of mangroves in the littoral zone on Isabela Island (Playa
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E68FFF2561132DBFD38F920" box="[547,642,1742,1768]" name="Haiti" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tortuga</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Negra).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF256DC32D8FC6BF92F" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[750,977,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF256DC32D8FC6BF92F" box="[750,977,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pheidole williamsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was also observed on rocky soils with little leaf litter, in forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2569732E4FCE6F8C3" box="[677,860,1777,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2569732E4FCE6F8C3" box="[677,860,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, closed woodland and from arid to moist habitats represented by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2562F3301FC0BF8E6" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" box="[541,945,1812,1838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilostachya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2562F3301FCE3F8E6" box="[541,857,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tournefortia psilostachya</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunth
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF257F23300FB94F8E6" box="[960,1070,1813,1838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF257F23300FB94F8E6" box="[960,1070,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF250723301FE0CF899" authority="(Lam.) Standl." authorityName="Standl." baseAuthorityName="Lam." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Commicarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF250723301FAD3F8E6" box="[1088,1385,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Commicarpus tuberosus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Lam.) Standl.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF255FD3322FDE1F899" box="[463,603,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF255FD3322FD99F899" box="[463,547,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Acacia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF256473322FD56F899" box="[629,748,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF256473322FD56F899" box="[629,748,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">S. affinis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2573A3322FC7AF899" baseAuthorityName="LUBIN" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[776,960,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Castela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2573A3322FC7AF899" box="[776,960,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. galapageia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF257E93322FBCDF899" box="[987,1143,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF257E93322FBCDF899" box="[987,1143,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">O. insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF250A13322FAD8F899" box="[1171,1378,1847,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucophlyctis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF250A13322FAD8F899" box="[1171,1378,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. leucophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF254C5334EFE22F8BC" box="[247,408,1882,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF254C5334EFE22F8BC" box="[247,408,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF25595334EFD10F8BC" box="[423,682,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF25595334EFDA0F8BC" box="[423,538,1882,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">Z. fagara</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF25614334FFD10F8BC" box="[550,682,1882,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">C. scouleri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF2568B334EFCC2F8BC" box="[697,888,1882,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2568B334EFCC2F8BC" box="[697,888,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. galapageium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF257B5334FFB8FF8BD" box="[903,1077,1882,1909]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF257B5334FFBB0F8BC" box="[903,1034,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Psychotria</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF25070334FFA88F8BC" box="[1090,1330,1882,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Verbena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="townsendii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF25070334FFA88F8BC" box="[1090,1330,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Verbena townsendii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Svenss.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF4555634AEFDA7FF1D" box="[356,541,187,213]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF4555634AEFE4AFF1C" box="[356,496,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pennisetum</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF4566C34AFFC04FF1C" authority="Kunth." authorityName="Kunth." box="[606,958,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Baccharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidiifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF4566C34AFFCDAFF1C" box="[606,864,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Baccharis gnidiifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunth.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
This species was also recorded in vegetation composed of sedges (like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF456E034C8FB8DFF3F" authority="Boeck." authorityName="Boeck." box="[722,1079,221,247]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Cyperus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anderssonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF456E034C8FC6BFF3F" box="[722,977,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Cyperus anderssonii</emphasis>
|
||||
Boeck.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), grasses (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF450F234CBFAD3FF3F" box="[1216,1385,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF450F234CBFADEFF3F" box="[1216,1380,222,247]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauperum">P. pauperum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF454C53514FD36FED2" authority="(Sw.) P. Beauv." authorityName="P. Beauv." baseAuthorityName="Sw." box="[247,652,256,283]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF454C53514FE13FED2" box="[247,425,257,283]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Setaria setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(Sw.) P. Beauv.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), herbs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF457363515FC40FED2" box="[772,1018,256,282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Rhynchosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF457363515FC40FED2" box="[772,1018,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Rhynchosia minima</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) DC.) and shrub layers represented by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF455873531FD93FEF5" box="[437,553,291,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF455873531FD93FEF5" box="[437,553,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF456583531FCB7FEF5" box="[618,781,291,317]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF456583531FCB7FEF5" box="[618,781,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF4572D3536FBB9FEF5" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[799,1027,291,317]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF4572D3536FBB9FEF5" box="[799,1027,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pheidole williamsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a common visitor to baits used for monitoring rats in islets located near to the west coast of Santiago Island. On Santiago island, ants were attacked by the fungus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF4572F357FFAD3FE4C" authority="Holldobler, 1933" authorityName="Holldobler" authorityYear="1933" box="[797,1385,362,388]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Myrmiciniosporidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="durum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF4572F357FFB39FE4C" box="[797,1155,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Myrmiciniosporidium durum</emphasis>
|
||||
Hölldobler, 1933
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6EFFF455323598FE5AFE6F" author="ESPADALER X." box="[256,480,397,423]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="99 - 102" refId="ref21925" refString="ESPADALER X., 1997. - Pheidole williamsi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Parasitized by Myrmiciniosporidium durum (Fungi) on San Salvador Island (Galapagos Islands). Sociobiology, 30: 99 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6EFFF455323598FE35FE6D" baselines="416,416" box="[256,399,397,423]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Espadaler" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ESPADALER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Workers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6EFFF456BB3598FCA0FE6F" baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[649,794,397,423]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6EFFF456BB3598FCA0FE6F" box="[649,794,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. williamsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were identified from material collected in holds of aircrafts in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6EFFF4559D35A5FD8BFE02" box="[431,561,432,458]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, suggesting a possible transfer of this species from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6EFFF450F535A5FAFCFE02" box="[1223,1350,432,458]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
to mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E6EFFF4555D35C6FE6DFE25" box="[367,471,467,493]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
189
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6BFFF154C53094FDDDF9B8.xml
Normal file
189
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6BFFF154C53094FDDDF9B8.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
|
|||
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF154C53094FDDFFB53" box="[247,613,1153,1180]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF154C53094FDDFFB53" ID-CoL="4FYC6" authority="Roger, 1863" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[247,613,1153,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF154C53094FE7EFB54" bold="true" box="[247,452,1153,1180]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pheidole flavens</emphasis>
|
||||
Roger, 1863
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF154C530B1FD40FB2A" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C530B1FC8BFB77" blockId="25.[247,817,1153,1250]" box="[247,817,1188,1215]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Yellow Big–Headed Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF1560130B0FC93FB77" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[563,809,1188,1215]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
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|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF156AD30B0FD59FB76" box="[671,739,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C530DDFD40FB2A" blockId="25.[247,817,1153,1250]" box="[247,762,1223,1250]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173263). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E6BFFF156A330DDFD4BFB2A" box="[657,753,1224,1250]" captionStart="Map 23" captionStartId="26.[247,293,1428,1449]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,593,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-346@26.[247,1386,589,1394]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Map 23. Distribution of Pheidole flavens Roger, 1863." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710385/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Map 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF154C530E2FDDDF9B8" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C530E2FDDDF9B8" blockId="25.[247,1386,1271,1648]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Widespread in the Neotropics (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF1564730E2FCA1FAD9" author="KEMPF W." box="[629,795,1271,1298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF1564730E2FD70FAD8" baselines="1290,1291" box="[629,714,1271,1297]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF1571B30EDFC31FAD8" baselines="1291,1291" box="[809,907,1272,1298]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wilson" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">WILSON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2003;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF157D830EDFB52FAD9" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[1002,1256,1271,1298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF157D830EDFBF5FAD8" baselines="1291,1291" box="[1002,1103,1272,1298]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1506A30EDFB27FAD9" box="[1112,1181,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF150CC30E2FEF6FAFC" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF150CC30E2FEF6FAFC" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pheidole flavens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an introduced species which is found on three islands in natural and disturbed areas. Mostly found in humid zones, it was recorded in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6BFFF157513128FC58FA9F" box="[867,994,1341,1367]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
for the first time in 1888 from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6BFFF154C53174FEF7FAB3" box="[247,333,1377,1403]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF1559C3174FD9DFAB2" baselines="1396,1397" box="[430,551,1377,1403]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). In 1982 it was recorded on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6BFFF157E43174FBE1FAB3" box="[982,1115,1377,1403]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF150593174FAA8FAB3" author="CLARK D. B. & GUAYASAMIN C. & PAZMINO O. & DONOSO C. & DE VILLACIS Y. P." box="[1131,1298,1377,1403]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="196 - 207" refId="ref21622" refString="CLARK D. B., GUAYASAMIN C., PAZMINO O., DONOSO C. & DE VILLACIS Y. P., 1982. - The tramp ant Wasmannia auropunctata: autoecology and effects on ant diversity and distribution on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador. Biotropica, 14: 196 - 207." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF150593174FB7BFAB1" baselines="1396,1396" box="[1131,1217,1377,1403]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Clark" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">CLARK</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1982
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nests have been found in rotten trunks in moist areas and bark of dead trunks of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF1508A3190FAD8FA56" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1208,1378,1412,1438]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1508A3190FAD8FA56" box="[1208,1378,1412,1438]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Workers have been collected in litter in secondary forests as well as in closed woodland dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF1558331DEFDE2FA2C" box="[433,600,1482,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1558331DEFDE2FA2C" box="[433,600,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF1565D31DEFD5FFA2C" box="[623,741,1482,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1565D31DEFD5FFA2C" box="[623,741,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF156C931DEFC3CFA2C" box="[763,902,1482,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF156C931DEFC3CFA2C" box="[763,902,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF157AE31DEFBD8FA2C" box="[924,1122,1482,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157AE31DEFBD8FA2C" box="[924,1122,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. galapageium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF1509831DFFAB4FA2C" box="[1194,1294,1482,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1509831DFFAB4FA2C" box="[1194,1294,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Scalesia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forest.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF154C531F8FE70F9CF" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[247,458,1517,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF154C531F8FE70F9CF" box="[247,458,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pheidole flavens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been recorded in crops of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF157B531FBFBA9F9CF" box="[903,1043,1517,1544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157B531FBFBA9F9CF" box="[903,1043,1517,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF1501F31FBFB58F9CF" box="[1069,1250,1517,1544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1501F31FBFB58F9CF" box="[1069,1250,1517,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. officinarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF150CF31FBFAD8F9CF" box="[1277,1378,1518,1544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF150CF31FBFAD8F9CF" box="[1277,1378,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">A. cepa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF154C53204FE06F9E2" box="[247,444,1552,1578]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF154C53204FE06F9E2" box="[247,444,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF155FD3204FDECF9E2" box="[463,598,1553,1578]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF155FD3204FDECF9E2" box="[463,598,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF156583204FD49F9E2" box="[618,755,1553,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF156583204FD49F9E2" box="[618,755,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF157053204FC40F9E2" box="[823,1018,1552,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157053204FC40F9E2" box="[823,1018,1552,1579]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It was collected on trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF154C53221FEC9F985" box="[247,371,1588,1614]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF154C53221FEC9F985" box="[247,371,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Puerto Ayora. So far, there is no evidence that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF157F83221FBFBF985" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1863" box="[970,1089,1587,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157F83221FBFBF985" box="[970,1089,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. flavens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
should be considered an invasive species in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6BFFF155D23243FDD9F9B8" box="[480,611,1622,1648]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
185
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6BFFF254C53287FD70FDFB.xml
Normal file
185
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6BFFF254C53287FD70FDFB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="63228CF65D0E531E9CE50CDBF184E9EE">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8CA2C68021E2FEB8E971FEBC3CEA6EB">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF154C53287FD4AF964" box="[247,752,1682,1709]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C53287FD4AF964" blockId="25.[247,754,1682,1815]" box="[247,752,1682,1709]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF154C53287FD4AF964" ID-CoL="4FYFS" authority="(Fabricius, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[247,752,1682,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephala">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF154C53287FDB5F965" bold="true" box="[247,527,1682,1709]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pheidole megacephala</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1793)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF154C532A3FD48F8DE" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C532A3FDE9F918" blockId="25.[247,754,1682,1815]" box="[247,595,1718,1744]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pantropical Big–Headed Ant</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C532CCFE44F93B" blockId="25.[247,754,1682,1815]" box="[247,510,1753,1779]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF1553232CCFE4CF93B" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[256,502,1753,1779]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF1553232CCFEDFF93A" baselines="1772,1773" box="[256,357,1753,1779]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Deyrup" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">DEYRUP</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF1555E32CFFE0AF93B" box="[364,432,1753,1779]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF154C532E9FD48F8DE" blockId="25.[247,754,1682,1815]" box="[247,754,1788,1815]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: ICCDRS0003685). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E6BFFF156BB32E9FD50F8DE" box="[649,746,1788,1814]" captionStart="Map 24" captionStartId="27.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@27.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Map 24. Distribution of Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius, 1793)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710387/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Map 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6BFFF254C53339FD70FDFB" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6BFFF254C53339FD70FDFB" blockId="25.[247,1386,1836,1933]" lastBlockId="26.[247,1386,186,563]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Distributed in tropical and subtropical areas (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF157263339FC20F88D" baselines="1855,1856" box="[788,922,1836,1862]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6BFFF157CC3338FB05F88E" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1022,1215,1836,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157CC3338FB05F88E" box="[1022,1215,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. megacephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an invasive species and is considered a threat to the native fauna in many parts of the world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF1509D335AFADFF8A1" author="PERKINS R. C. L." box="[1199,1381,1871,1897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 227" refId="ref24693" refString="PERKINS R. C. L., 1913. - Introduction. Fauna Hawaiiensis, 1 (6): 1 - 227." type="journal article" year="1913">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF1509D335AFAADF8A0" baselines="1890,1891" box="[1199,1303,1871,1897]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Perkins" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">PERKINS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1913
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF154C53366FDEDF844" author="VANDERWOUDE C. & BRUYN L. A. & DE HOUSE A. P." box="[247,599,1906,1933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="253 - 259" refId="ref25778" refString="VANDERWOUDE C., BRUYN L. A. & DE HOUSE A. P., 2000. - Response of an open - forest ant community to invasion by the introduced ant, Pheidole megacephala. Austral Ecology, 25: 253 - 259." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF154C53366FE02F843" baselines="1926,1926" box="[247,440,1907,1933]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Vanderwoude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">VANDERWOUDE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF155F13366FDB1F844" box="[451,523,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF156553366FCA2F844" author="BASKIN Y." box="[615,792,1906,1933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref20667" refString="BASKIN Y., 2002. - A plague of rats and rubber vines. Island Press, Washington, 377 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6BFFF1571A3366FB8CF844" author="HOLWAY D. A. & LACH L. & SUAREZ A. V. & TSUTSUI N. D. & CASE T. J." box="[808,1078,1906,1933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="181 - 233" refId="ref22748" refString="HOLWAY D. A., LACH L., SUAREZ A. V., TSUTSUI N. D. & CASE T. J., 2002. - The causes and consequences of ant invasions. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 33: 181 - 233." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||||
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|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6BFFF157903366FC50F844" box="[930,1002,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF150743366FB71F843" baselines="1926,1926" box="[1094,1227,1907,1933]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6BFFF150C83367FADBF843" baselines="1925,1926" box="[1274,1377,1906,1932]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="O'Hara" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">O’HARA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2002;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF2557A34AEFE76FF1B" baselines="206,206" box="[328,460,187,213]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015). In Galápagos the first specimens were collected in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E68FFF250F034AFFEFBFF3F" name="San Cristobal Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">San Cristóbal Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
in 2006 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E68FFF2558734C8FD04FF3F" author="HERRERA H. W. & SEVILLA C. R. & DEKONINCK W." box="[437,702,221,247]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="234 - 243" refId="ref22563" refString="HERRERA H. W., SEVILLA C. R. & DEKONINCK W., 2013. - Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius, 1793) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new invasive ant in the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 89 (4): 234 - 243." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF2558734C8FD90FF3E" baselines="240,241" box="[437,554,221,247]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2560334CBFDCFFF3F" box="[561,629,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Currently it is present in the dry areas on three islands: it is widespread in urban zones in Puerto Ayora (Santa Cruz), Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E68FFF251093515FED2FEF5" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">San Cristóbal</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) and Puerto Villamil (Isabela).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF256EE3536FC54FEF5" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[732,1006,291,317]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF256EE3536FC54FEF5" box="[732,1006,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pheidole megacephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a pest in houses in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E68FFF250D83536FAD3FEF5" box="[1258,1385,291,317]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and can invade gardens where it is known to forage and hide under grass (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF250953552FEE2FE4C" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zoysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="matrella" variety="pacifica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF250953552FA8AFEA8" box="[1191,1328,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Z. matrella</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF254C5357FFEE2FE4C" box="[247,344,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), visit flowers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF25602357FFD43FE4B" box="[560,761,362,387]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF25602357FFD30FE4B" box="[560,650,362,387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosa">H. rosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF256A8357FFD43FE4B" box="[666,761,362,387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and attend Homoptera species on introduced plants (e.g.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF255093598FE0EFE6E" box="[315,436,397,423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF255093598FE0EFE6E" box="[315,436,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). Although the impact of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF257233598FC60FE6F" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[785,986,397,423]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF257233598FC60FE6F" box="[785,986,397,423]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. megacephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has not yet been evaluated in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E68FFF254C535A5FEC3FE02" box="[247,377,432,458]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, similar problems to those recorded on other Pacific Islands can be expected (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E68FFF254CD35C6FE67FE25" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[255,477,467,494]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="437 - 456" refId="ref26340" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2007. - Biology and impacts of Pacific Island invasive species. 3. The African big - headed ant, Pheidole megacephala (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pacific Science, 61 (4): 437 - 456." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
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|
||||
, 2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E68FFF255C335C1FCABFE25" author="HERRERA H. W. & SEVILLA C. R. & DEKONINCK W." box="[497,785,467,494]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="234 - 243" refId="ref22563" refString="HERRERA H. W., SEVILLA C. R. & DEKONINCK W., 2013. - Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius, 1793) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new invasive ant in the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 89 (4): 234 - 243." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E68FFF255C335C1FDDFFE24" baselines="487,487" box="[497,613,468,494]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF2564635C1FD7AFE25" box="[628,704,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In mainland
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E68FFF257E735C6FB83FE25" box="[981,1081,467,493]" name="Ecuador" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E68FFF250CC35C6FE22FDD8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E68FFF250CC35C6FE22FDD8" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pheidole megacephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were collected in Guayaquil, the main port for cargo boats that travel to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E68FFF254C5360CFECCFDFB" box="[247,374,537,563]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Herrera unpublished data).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
221
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6CFFF654C530D6FA80F8A7.xml
Normal file
221
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6CFFF654C530D6FA80F8A7.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C530D6FD19FB16" authority="Smith, 1858" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[247,675,1219,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globularia">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C530D6FDBEFB16" bold="true" box="[247,516,1219,1246]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis globularia</emphasis>
|
||||
Smith, 1858
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
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|
||||
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6CFFF654C530F2FD40FAC9" box="[247,762,1255,1281]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6CFFF654C530F2FD40FAC9" blockId="30.[247,762,1219,1281]" box="[247,762,1255,1281]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173279). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E6CFFF656A330F2FD48FAC9" box="[657,754,1255,1281]" captionStart="Map 29" captionStartId="31.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-42@31.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Map 29. Distribution of Solenopsis globularia Wheeler, 1919." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710398/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Map 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6CFFF654C53102FA80F8A7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6CFFF654C53102FB17F982" blockId="30.[247,1386,1302,1610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
An ant reported from southeastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E6CFFF656A83103FC84FAF9" box="[666,830,1302,1329]" name="United States of America" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Central America, Caribbean islands and parts of South America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF655E8312FFC95FA9C" author="PACHECO J. & A, MACKAY & LATTKE J." box="[474,815,1338,1364]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref24333" refString="PACHECO J. A, MACKAY W. P & LATTKE J., 2013. - The systematics and biology of the New World thief ants of the genus Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, 501 pp." type="book" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF655E8312FFDF4FA9A" baselines="1357,1357" box="[474,590,1338,1364]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pacheco" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">PACHECO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF65643312FFD5BFA9A" baselines="1357,1357" box="[625,737,1338,1364]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mackay" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MACKAY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF65770312CFBF3FA9B" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[834,1097,1337,1363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globularia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF65770312CFBF3FA9B" box="[834,1097,1337,1363]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis globularia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a species of uncertain origin in Galápagos. The first specimens were collected in
|
||||
<quantity id="4CBD9B653E6CFFF657E73148FB89FABF" box="[981,1075,1373,1399]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.82346" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="1899.0">1899 in</quantity>
|
||||
Española, Genovesa and Isabela islands (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6558F3195FD8CFA51" baselines="1427,1428" box="[445,566,1408,1434]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919, 1924). Now present on 34 islands and islets, it is the most widely distributed ant in all vegetation zones of the archipelago – though it seems to prefer natural, dry habitats.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655CA31D3FCBAFA28" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[504,768,1478,1504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globularia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655CA31D3FCBAFA28" box="[504,768,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis globularia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has rarely been found in urban areas. Nests can be found under rocks and under small logs on sandy beaches. It has been found feeding on extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656213218FD3CF9EE" box="[531,646,1548,1575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656213218FD3CF9EE" box="[531,646,1548,1575]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656F13218FCF4F9EE" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[707,846,1548,1574]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656F13218FCF4F9EE" box="[707,846,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6576D3219FC62F9ED" baselines="1567,1568" box="[863,984,1548,1574]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF650043218FB6DF9EE" author="MEIER R." box="[1078,1239,1548,1575]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF650043218FB3FF9ED" baselines="1568,1568" box="[1078,1157,1549,1575]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has also been recorded visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656BF3225FCF1F981" box="[653,843,1584,1610]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656BF3225FCF1F981" box="[653,843,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">O. megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657B43225FB13F982" authority="(BOADA, 2005)" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[902,1193,1583,1610]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657B43225FC5FF981" box="[902,997,1583,1610]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF657C43225FB25F982" author="BOADA R." box="[1014,1183,1583,1610]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF657C43225FBEAF980" baselines="1603,1603" box="[1014,1104,1584,1610]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6CFFF654C5324AFA80F8A7" blockId="30.[247,1385,1631,1903]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
This species has been collected in natural and dry areas, open dry deciduous forest dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6552C3296FE7FF954" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[286,453,1666,1692]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6552C3296FE7FF954" box="[286,453,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, rocky soil with little leaf litter covered with herbs, under piles of leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C532B3FECBF977" box="[247,369,1701,1727]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C532B3FECBF977" box="[247,369,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. mangle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655B332B3FD98F977" box="[385,546,1702,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655B332B3FD98F977" box="[385,546,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. germinans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6560032B3FD6EF977" box="[562,724,1701,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6560032B3FD6EF977" box="[562,724,1701,1728]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and between patches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657CD32B3FA89F977" box="[1023,1331,1701,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacastrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657CD32B3FA89F977" box="[1023,1331,1701,1728]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sesuvium portulacastrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) L.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6552B32DDFD98F92A" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[281,546,1736,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="globularia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6552B32DDFD98F92A" box="[281,546,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis globularia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was also found in areas dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657CC32DCFB39F92A" box="[1022,1155,1736,1763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657CC32DCFB39F92A" box="[1022,1155,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650A132DCFEC3F8CD" authority="Christoph." authorityName="Christoph." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rorudiana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650A132DCFAD3F92A" box="[1171,1385,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acacia rorudiana</emphasis>
|
||||
Christoph.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, herbs layer (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6562432F9FC87F8CD" box="[534,829,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6562432F9FD08F8CD" box="[534,690,1772,1797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pennisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauperum">P. pauperum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6568F32F9FC82F8CD" box="[701,824,1772,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cornales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aspera">M. aspera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6577032FEFC01F8CE" box="[834,955,1771,1798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Oxalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6577032FEFC2BF8CD" box="[834,913,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Oxalis</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657F432F9FB2EF8CD" box="[966,1172,1771,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagoensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657F432F9FB2EF8CD" box="[966,1172,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. galapagoensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6509332F9FAEDF8CD" box="[1185,1367,1771,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Desmodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procumbens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6509332F9FAEDF8CD" box="[1185,1367,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. procumbens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), shrubs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655643305FE63F8E1" box="[342,473,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655643305FE63F8E1" box="[342,473,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. juliflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655D4331AFDF9F8E1" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[486,579,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655D4331AFDF9F8E1" box="[486,579,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF65663331AFCA8F8E1" box="[593,786,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucophlyctis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF65663331AFCA8F8E1" box="[593,786,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. leucophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6572D331AFC54F8E1" box="[799,1006,1807,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6572D331AFC54F8E1" box="[799,1006,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. echinocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and in areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650E6331AFAD3F8E1" box="[1236,1385,1807,1833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sporobolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650E6331AFAD3F8E1" box="[1236,1385,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. virginicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6551F3326FE21F884" box="[301,411,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6551F3326FE21F884" box="[301,411,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">I. triloba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
along small lagunas under tidal influence (coast of Fernandina). In the humid highlands, all records are from areas cultivated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657423343FB3CF8A7" box="[880,1158,1877,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="italica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657423343FB3CF8A7" box="[880,1158,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. oleracea var. italica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6509C3340FA88F8A7" box="[1198,1330,1877,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6509C3340FA88F8A7" box="[1198,1330,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
137
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6FFFF554C534AFFBB1FDAB.xml
Normal file
137
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E6FFFF554C534AFFBB1FDAB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="091A7F539E3389030B4F7337824CDCE5">
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|
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|
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|
||||
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|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="A917572CBFF001D8711FCE204FF927C6" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="374D3A72D2923669CD26C371440D39AB">
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<mods:namePart id="24C2917AB0E08E3607CD5AE5D93F62DE">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C534AFFD19FF1C" blockId="29.[247,762,185,247]" box="[247,675,185,212]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF554C534AFFD19FF1C" authority="Emery, 1894" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[247,675,185,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pedaliaceae" genus="Rogeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvipubens">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C534AFFE43FF1C" bold="true" box="[247,505,185,212]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rogeria curvipubens</emphasis>
|
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Emery, 1894
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C534C8FD40FF3F" blockId="29.[247,762,185,247]" box="[247,762,221,247]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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(ANTWEB: CASENT0173282). (
|
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<figureCitation id="137E2A053E6FFFF556A334C8FD48FF3F" box="[657,754,221,247]" captionStart="Map 27" captionStartId="29.[247,293,1839,1860]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1017,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-320@29.[247,1386,1013,1818]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Map 27. Distribution of Rogeria curvipubens Emery, 1894." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710394/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Map 27</figureCitation>
|
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)
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6FFFF554C53518FBB1FDAB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C53518FBB1FDAB" blockId="29.[247,1385,269,611]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
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This neotropical species occurs on some Caribbean islands and in Central and South America (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF555323525FE1FFE82" author="KEMPF W." box="[256,421,304,330]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
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, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF555803525FDDDFE82" author="KUGLER C." box="[434,615,304,330]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="17 - 89" refId="ref23054" refString="KUGLER C., 1994. - A revision of the ant genus Rogeria with description of the sting apparatus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 3: 17 - 89." type="journal article" year="1994">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF555803525FDADFE81" baselines="323,324" box="[434,535,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kugler" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">KUGLER</smallCapsWord>
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, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF556463525FC48FE82" author="FERNANDEZ F. & SENDOYA S." box="[628,1010,303,330]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="3 - 93" refId="ref22073" refString="FERNANDEZ F. & SENDOYA S., 2004. - Special issue: list of Neotropical ants. Biota Colombiana, 5: 3 - 93." type="journal article" year="2004">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF556463525FCBEFE81" baselines="323,322" box="[628,772,303,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Fernandez" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FERNÁNDEZ</smallCapsWord>
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&
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF5571F3525FC19FE81" baselines="323,324" box="[813,931,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Sendoya" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SENDOYA</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 2004
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF557CD3525FAE6FE82" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[1023,1372,304,330]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF557CD3525FBC9FE81" baselines="323,324" box="[1023,1139,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
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&
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF550A93525FAB1FE81" baselines="323,324" box="[1179,1291,304,330]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF554C53541FE49FEA5" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[247,499,339,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pedaliaceae" genus="Rogeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvipubens">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C53541FE49FEA5" box="[247,499,339,365]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rogeria curvipubens</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a cryptic species introduced to Galápagos. It was reported for the first time in the Humid Zone of Santa Cruz Island in 2008 (
|
||||
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|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF557B73563FC40FE47" baselines="393,394" box="[901,1018,374,400]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">HERRERA</smallCapsWord>
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&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF5502D3562FB2AFE47" baselines="394,394" box="[1055,1168,375,401]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
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, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, recent revisions of museum material showed that it was also collected in the Transition Zone of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E6FFFF5552835A8FDAEFE1E" box="[282,532,444,471]" name="San Cristobal Island" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">San Cristóbal Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
in 1992. To date, it has been found on three inhabited islands in the Galápagos archipelago and is found in human settlements and protected areas. It has been collected from leaf litter in secondary successional forest. We observed a nest of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF550843616FAD3FDD5" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[1206,1385,515,541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pedaliaceae" genus="Rogeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvipubens">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF550843616FAD3FDD5" box="[1206,1385,515,541]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">R. curvipubens</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under attack from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF555E33632FCB2FD88" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[465,776,551,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF555E33632FCB2FD88" box="[465,776,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Wasmannia auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This species was collected with Winkler traps and using visual searches in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5562E365CFD27FDAB" box="[540,669,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5562E365CFD27FDAB" box="[540,669,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
planted under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF55762365CFBB9FDAB" box="[848,1027,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF55762365CFBB9FDAB" box="[848,1027,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
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409
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<mods:classification id="6FC436FDA778D2FC8E810956D8814AE4">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:identifier id="58713BECC0E6687A01C2C65B0F1B5DB8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:identifier id="6538A80270C08F4D1D075A09D360D5AA" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="76B31E060703F22B68A9F63599F6E52E" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E6FFFF654C53690FE0FFB6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13291150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13291150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E6FFFF654C53690FE0FFB6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E6FFFF654C53690FE0FFB6A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6FFFF554C53690FD6DFD57" box="[247,727,645,672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C53690FD6DFD57" blockId="29.[247,762,645,742]" box="[247,727,645,672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF554C53690FD6DFD57" authority="(Fabricius, 1804)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[247,727,645,672]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C53690FD6DFD57" bold="true" box="[247,727,645,672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C53690FE4DFD57" bold="true" box="[247,503,645,672]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1804)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6FFFF554C536BDFD40FD2E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C536BDFD38FD0A" blockId="29.[247,762,645,742]" box="[247,642,680,707]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Tropical Fire Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF555E836BDFDC0FD0A" author="TABER S. W." box="[474,634,680,707]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref25367" refString="TABER S. W., 2000. - Fire Ants. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, Texas, 308 pp." type="book" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF555E836BDFD97FD09" baselines="699,700" box="[474,557,680,706]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Taber" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">TABER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C536D9FD40FD2E" blockId="29.[247,762,645,742]" box="[247,762,716,742]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
(ANTWEB: CASENT0173278). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E6FFFF556A336D9FD4BFD2E" box="[657,753,716,742]" captionStart="Map 28" captionStartId="31.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@31.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Map 28. Distribution of Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, 1804)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710396/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Map 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E6FFFF654C536EEFE0FFB6A" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF654C536EEFED0FEF5" blockId="29.[247,1387,763,1000]" lastBlockId="30.[247,1386,186,317]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF554C536EEFE55FCDD" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[247,495,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C536EEFE55FCDD" box="[247,495,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an invasive ant transported by humans. It was collected for the first time in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E6FFFF55524370BFE03FCF0" box="[278,441,798,824]" name="Saint Kitts and Nevis" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">San Cristóbal</collectingCountry>
|
||||
in 1891 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6FFFF5561E370BFD6FFCF0" author="EMERY C." box="[556,725,798,825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref21896" refString="EMERY C., 1893. - Notice sur quelques fourmis des iles Galapagos. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 62: 89 - 92." type="journal article" year="1893">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6FFFF5561E370BFD3FFCFF" baselines="817,818" box="[556,645,798,824]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Emery" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">EMERY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1893
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF556DB370BFC5BFCF0" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[745,993,798,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF556DB370BFC5BFCF0" box="[745,993,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found on 20 islands and islets having invaded natural as well as fragmented habitats, successional forest, human settlements and agricultural zones. It is widely distributed along all ecological zones in the archipelago from littoral to humid zones. The species is commonly present in open areas and has been collected in stands of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5563F37BEFD79FC0D" box="[525,707,939,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5563F37BEFD79FC0D" box="[525,707,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF556E437BEFCE6FC0C" box="[726,860,939,964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF556E437BEFCE6FC0C" box="[726,860,939,964]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5575D37BEFC55FC0D" box="[879,1007,939,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5575D37BEFC55FC0D" box="[879,1007,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. cordata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5503337BEFADBFC0D" box="[1025,1377,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5503337BEFB12FC0D" box="[1025,1192,939,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">P. floribunda</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5508A37BEFADBFC0D" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1208,1377,939,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">B. graveolens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF554C537DBFE3CFC20" box="[247,390,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gordilloi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF554C537DBFE3CFC20" box="[247,390,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. gordilloi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF555A737DBFDEDFC20" box="[405,599,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucophlyctis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF555A737DBFDEDFC20" box="[405,599,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. leucophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5565437DBFB1DFC20" authority="(Sw.) Zuloaga & Soderstr." authorityName="Zuloaga & Soderstr." baseAuthorityName="Sw." box="[614,1191,974,1000]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Homolepis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5565437DBFCC8FC20" box="[614,882,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Homolepis glutinosa (</emphasis>
|
||||
Sw.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF5508437DBFADAFC20" box="[1206,1376,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF5508437DBFADAFC20" box="[1206,1376,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C534AFFDACFF1C" box="[247,534,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbadense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C534AFFDACFF1C" box="[247,534,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Gossypium barbadense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. and areas composed by ferns (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657FD34AFFB74FF1C" box="[975,1230,186,212]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Pteridium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilinum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657FD34AFFB74FF1C" box="[975,1230,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pteridium aquilinum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Kuhn), grasses (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6555334CBFD8BFF3F" box="[353,561,221,247]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eragrostis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6555334CBFD8BFF3F" box="[353,561,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Eragrostis pilosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) P. Beauv.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656DD34C8FCE3FF3F" box="[751,857,221,247]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="setosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656DD34C8FCE3FF3F" box="[751,857,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. setosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6575B34C8FBBBFF3F" box="[873,1025,221,247]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cynodon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6575B34C8FC6CFF3F" box="[873,982,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Cynodon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and herbs (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650A934C8FAD0FF3F" box="[1179,1386,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Centella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650A934C8FAD0FF3F" box="[1179,1386,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Centella asiatica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Urb. in Mart.). It can be found in mangrove litter, near lagoons, sandy dunes, beaches and wetlands.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E6FFFF554C5333AFCF7F88B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710394" box="[247,845,1838,1860]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710394/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[247,293,1839,1860]" targetBox="[251,1382,1017,1815]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6FFFF554C5333AFCF7F88B" blockId="29.[247,845,1838,1860]" box="[247,845,1838,1860]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Map 27. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6FFFF555DE333AFCF2F88B" authority="Emery, 1894" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[492,840,1838,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pedaliaceae" genus="Rogeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="curvipubens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6FFFF555DE333AFD07F88B" box="[492,701,1838,1860]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rogeria curvipubens</emphasis>
|
||||
Emery, 1894
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6CFFF654C53546FE63FD62" blockId="30.[247,1386,339,682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53546FE49FEA5" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[247,499,339,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53546FE49FEA5" box="[247,499,339,365]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
visits flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656E63541FC3CFEA5" box="[724,902,339,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Montiaceae" genus="Calandrinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapagosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656E63541FC3CFEA5" box="[724,902,339,366]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. galapagosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6508F3541FA89FEA5" ID-CoL="7W5VV" box="[1213,1331,339,366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6508F3541FA89FEA5" box="[1213,1331,339,366]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53562FD8DFE58" ID-CoL="6NCZP" authority="(MEIER, 1994)" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[247,567,374,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53562FE3AFE58" box="[247,384,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF655BD3563FD94FE58" author="MEIER R." box="[399,558,374,401]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF655BD3563FE5AFE47" baselines="393,394" box="[399,480,374,400]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, plant species infested by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657593562FC51FE58" ID-CoL="3P8SH" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[875,1003,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657593562FC51FE58" box="[875,1003,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
where it feeds on the honeydew produced by the scale insect (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF65654358CFC38FE7B" author="LINCANGO M. & HODGSON C. & CAUSTON C. E. & MILLER D." box="[614,898,409,435]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="3 - 7" refId="ref23233" refString="LINCANGO M., HODGSON C., CAUSTON C. E. & MILLER D., 2010. - An updated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Galapagos Research, 67: 3 - 7." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF65654358CFD52FE7A" baselines="428,429" box="[614,744,409,435]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lincango" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">LINCANGO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656C3358FFC8DFE7B" box="[753,823,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF657A2358FFB2BFE7B" author="HODDLE M. S. & CRESPO & RAMIREZ C. & HODDLE C. D. & LOAYZA J. & LINCANGO M. P. & VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[912,1169,409,436]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="262 - 274" refId="ref22669" refString="HODDLE M. S., CRESPO - RAMIREZ C., HODDLE C. D., LOAYZA J., LINCANGO M. P., VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E., 2013. - Post release evaluation of Rodolia cardinalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for control of Icerya purchasi (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Biological Control, 67: 262 - 274." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF657A2358FFC4DFE7A" baselines="429,429" box="[912,1015,410,436]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hoddle" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">HODDLE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF65032358FFBFCFE7B" box="[1024,1094,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), as well as other plants like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6554D35A8FDAAFE1E" ID-CoL="4WP74" box="[383,528,444,471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6554D35A8FDAAFE1E" box="[383,528,444,471]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Senna alata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Roxb.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6569835A8FC87FE1E" ID-CoL="5V4C6" box="[682,829,445,471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muricata">
|
||||
A.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656E235A8FC87FE1E" box="[720,829,445,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">muricata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6574935A8FBB0FE1F" box="[891,1034,445,471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6574935A8FC75FE1F" box="[891,975,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acacia</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
infested by other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650D835A9FAD3FE1E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1258,1385,444,470]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. The tropical fire ant has invaded all agricultural zones in the inhabited islands of the archipelago. It has been reported from the crops
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657513616FAD8FDD4" box="[867,1378,515,541]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657513616FBBFFDD5" ID-CoL="3XV44" box="[867,1029,515,541]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Manihot" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculenta">M. esculenta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650273616FB1CFDD4" ID-CoL="66LDM" box="[1045,1190,515,541]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Ananas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="comosus">A. comosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650843616FAD8FDD4" ID-CoL="44NQ3" box="[1206,1378,515,540]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">M. acuminata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53633FE0FFD88" ID-CoL="4Y369" box="[247,437,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53633FE0FFD88" box="[247,437,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655FC3633FDCEFD88" ID-CoL="4Y4K6" box="[462,628,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655FC3633FDCEFD88" box="[462,628,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. tuberosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656BF3632FBA6FD88" ID-CoL="5MN3H" box="[653,1052,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="botrytis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656BF3632FCCAFD88" box="[653,880,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brassica oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657F23633FBA6FD88" box="[960,1052,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">botrytis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6506D3633FAD8FD88" ID-CoL="6B3DT" box="[1119,1378,550,576]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Coriandrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6506D3633FAD8FD88" box="[1119,1378,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Coriandrum sativum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C5365CFE32FDAB" ID-CoL="4XZPN" box="[247,392,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betaceum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C5365CFE32FDAB" box="[247,392,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. betaceum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655AA365CFD61FDAB" box="[408,731,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655AA365CFDADFDAB" ID-CoL="VMHN" box="[408,535,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">C. lanatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF65610365FFD61FDAB" ID-CoL="6RQNL" box="[546,731,585,611]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">M. paradisiaca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656DB365CFCDCFDAB" ID-CoL="RCZK" box="[745,870,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656DB365CFCDCFDAB" box="[745,870,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF65746365CFC42FDAB" ID-CoL="QT4R" box="[884,1016,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF65746365CFC42FDAB" box="[884,1016,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. annuum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF65035365CFBC4FDAB" ID-CoL="6BPNL" box="[1031,1150,585,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF65035365CFBC4FDAB" box="[1031,1150,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. sativus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650BF365FFB51FDAB" ID-CoL="5CXX5" box="[1165,1259,586,611]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650BF365FFB51FDAB" box="[1165,1259,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Z. mays</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650C8365FFEC7FD4E" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650C8365FFADFFDAB" ID-CoL="3RTC5" box="[1274,1381,586,611]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lactuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">L. sativa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53678FEC7FD4E" ID-CoL="68CJF" box="[247,381,620,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">P. vulgaris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655BE3679FE56FD4E" ID-CoL="329TQ" box="[396,492,620,646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="melo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655BE3679FE56FD4E" box="[396,492,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. melo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655C93679FDC5FD4F" box="[507,639,620,647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="30" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spp">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655C93679FDFCFD4E" box="[507,582,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Citrus</emphasis>
|
||||
spp
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656A33678FC13FD4E" ID-CoL="7LCRY" box="[657,937,620,647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="italica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656A33678FCA6FD4E" box="[657,796,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6576E3679FC13FD4E" box="[860,937,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">italica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6578B3679FBAEFD4E" ID-CoL="667JH" box="[953,1044,620,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6578B3679FBAEFD4E" box="[953,1044,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A. cepa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650163679FB75FD4E" ID-CoL="4TWQL" box="[1060,1231,620,646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650163679FB75FD4E" box="[1060,1231,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. officinarum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF650D23679FAD8FD4E" ID-CoL="WVWV" box="[1248,1378,620,646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650D23679FAD8FD4E" box="[1248,1378,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655183685FE6BFD61" ID-CoL="44NQ3" box="[298,465,656,681]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655183685FE6BFD61" box="[298,465,656,681]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">M. acuminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E6CFFF654C536AAFE0FFB6A" blockId="30.[247,1386,703,1186]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
In urban areas it is a pest in houses and was collected in gardens, trash cans, stands of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C536F7FE38FD34" ID-CoL="3H4BB" box="[247,386,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C536F7FE38FD34" box="[247,386,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">G. darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF655A736F7FD74FD34" box="[405,718,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF655A736F7FDA4FD34" box="[405,542,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">C. sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6561D36F7FD74FD34" ID-CoL="5V52F" box="[559,718,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cherimola">A. cherimola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656D336F7FCC9FD34" ID-CoL="4Z9VV" box="[737,883,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656D336F7FCC9FD34" box="[737,883,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF657B536F6FB9CFD34" ID-CoL="4T27V" box="[903,1062,739,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF657B536F6FB9CFD34" box="[903,1062,739,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. communis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6500B36F7FB1EFD34" ID-CoL="7SBY3" box="[1081,1188,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6500B36F7FB1EFD34" box="[1081,1188,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C. limon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6508A36F6FADBFD34" ID-CoL="NYF8" baseAuthorityName="BOADA" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[1208,1377,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6508A36F6FADBFD34" box="[1208,1377,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53713FE15FCD7" ID-CoL="6RQNL" box="[247,431,773,799]" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradisiaca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53713FE15FCD7" box="[247,431,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">M. paradisiaca</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and mangroves. Nests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF656C03710FC51FCD7" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[754,1003,773,799]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF656C03710FC51FCD7" box="[754,1003,773,799]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopsis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occur in soil, on rocks, in open areas, on the edges of the roads, under stones, and in rotten trunks and roots of plants (e.g.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53759FE01FCAD" ID-CoL="3P59K" box="[247,443,844,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Hyptis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53759FE01FCAD" box="[247,443,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hyptis pectinata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Doit. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF6565B3759FC7DFCAD" ID-CoL="3P5CL" authority="(L'Her.) Briq" authorityName="Briq" baseAuthorityName="L'Her." box="[617,967,843,870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Hyptis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sidifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6565B3759FC9AFCAD" box="[617,800,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hyptis sidifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
(L'Hér.) Briq
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). This species often builds galleries on the bark of orange trees in agricultural areas, and constructs small tunnels under soil.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E6CFFF654C53784FE5FFC63" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[247,485,913,939]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Solenopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF654C53784FE5FFC63" box="[247,485,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Solenopis geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered one of the most invasive species in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6CFFF6507D3784FB74FC63" box="[1103,1230,913,939]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and a major threat to the terrestrial fauna (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6566437A0FD6FFC05" baselines="968,968" box="[598,725,949,975]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Williams" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WILLIAMS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF656CA37A0FCDCFC05" baselines="968,968" box="[760,870,949,975]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Whelan" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WHELAN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1991;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF6578C37A0FBECFC07" author="TAPIA W." box="[958,1110,949,975]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref25394" refString="TAPIA W., 1997. - Estado actual y distribucion estacional de las tortugas gigantes (Geochelone elephantopus spp.) de Cinco Cerros, volcan Cerro Azul, isla Isabela. Universidad Tecnica del Norte, Ibarra, 81 pp." type="book" year="1997">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6578C37A0FBB2FC05" baselines="968,968" box="[958,1032,949,975]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Tapia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TAPIA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF6505337A0FADFFC07" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[1121,1381,949,975]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6505337A0FB6CFC05" baselines="968,968" box="[1121,1238,949,975]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF650EE37A0FAA4FC07" box="[1244,1310,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF654C537CDFEC7FC39" baselines="1003,1004" box="[247,381,984,1010]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2011a;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF655DA37CDFD40FC3A" author="WAUTERS N. & DEKONINCK W. & HERRERA H. W. & FOURNIER D." box="[488,762,984,1010]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="205 - 220" refId="ref26075" refString="WAUTERS N., DEKONINCK W., HERRERA H. W. & FOURNIER D., 2014. - Distribution, behavioral dominance and potential impacts on endemic fauna of tropical fire ant Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in the Galapagos archipelago. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (4): 205 - 220." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF655DA37CDFDDBFC39" baselines="1003,1004" box="[488,609,984,1010]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wauters" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">WAUTERS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6565837CCFD15FC3A" box="[618,687,984,1010]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It has been the target of several control programs (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF6553237EEFDB6FBDD" author="CAUSTON C. E. & SEVILLA C. & CABRERA W. & CARRION A. & CARRION V." box="[256,524,1019,1045]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref21521" refString="CAUSTON C. E., SEVILLA C., CABRERA W., CARRION A. & CARRION V., 2012. - Evaluacion del Manejo de Hormigas Invasoras Galapagos. Fundacion Charles Darwin, Direccion Parque Nacional Galapagos & Island Conservation, Puerto Ayora, 80 pp." type="book" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF6553237EEFECCFBDC" baselines="1038,1039" box="[256,374,1019,1045]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E6CFFF6554C37E9FE78FBDD" box="[382,450,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species is probably continuously reintroduced into
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E6CFFF650F337EEFAF9FBDD" box="[1217,1347,1019,1045]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, as it has been intercepted in cargo holds of aircrafts arriving from Quito and Guayaquil and on several occasions from cargo holds of ships coming from the Guayaquil ports (ABG, personal communication). Ants have been collected from tourist boats traveling between the islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E6CFFF65532309DFE12FB6A" author="LOMAS E." box="[256,424,1160,1186]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E6CFFF65532309DFEE3FB68" baselines="1179,1179" box="[256,345,1160,1186]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
267
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E74FFEF54C530A7FCC2FAFB.xml
Normal file
267
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E74FFEF54C530A7FCC2FAFB.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="B7318FCBAC62FBB6D56659E495FEDF0A">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F6D10FBE5D99D7B7471ED8F5A3E7416F">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E74FFEE54C530A7FC3CFB04" box="[247,902,1202,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E74FFEE54C530A7FC3CFB04" blockId="6.[247,902,1167,1263]" box="[247,902,1202,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE54C530A7FC3CFB04" ID-CoL="5GYPS" authority="Wheeler, 1919" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1919" box="[247,902,1202,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramicus" subSpecies="albemarlensis">
|
||||
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE54C530A7FD6FFB05" bold="true" box="[247,725,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Wheeler, 1919
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E74FFEE54C530C0FD51FB27" box="[247,747,1237,1263]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E74FFEE54C530C0FD51FB27" blockId="6.[247,902,1167,1263]" box="[247,747,1237,1263]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E74FFEE54CD30C0FE3CFB27" box="[255,390,1237,1263]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173213). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E74FFEE56A030C0FD5BFB27" box="[658,737,1237,1263]" captionStart="Map 3" captionStartId="7.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-362@7.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Map 3. Distribution of Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis Wheeler, 1919." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710323/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Map 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E74FFEF54C53110FCC2FAFB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E74FFEE54C53110FE1EFA07" blockId="6.[247,1387,1285,1487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
This species is possibly endemic (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E74FFEE56843110FCE1FAD7" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[694,859,1285,1311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E74FFEE56843110FCBEFAD6" baselines="1304,1305" box="[694,772,1285,1311]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; F. Cuezzo pers. comm.,
|
||||
<date id="FFFB10403E74FFEE509D3110FAA2FAD7" box="[1199,1304,1285,1311]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2009-11">XI.2009</date>
|
||||
). It is distributed on 14 islands and is associated with natural areas. The first specimens were collected in 1898 on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E74FFEE55B6315EFE63FAAD" box="[388,473,1355,1381]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E74FFEE55D9315EFDDEFAAC" baselines="1374,1375" box="[491,612,1355,1381]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). This species builds nests in the soil, on sandy beaches, open areas between vegetation and lava (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E74FFEE56DD317BFCD2FA4F" baselines="1409,1410" box="[751,872,1390,1416]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E74FFEE57F5317AFBDFFA40" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[967,1125,1390,1417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E74FFEE57F5317AFBAEFA4F" baselines="1410,1410" box="[967,1044,1391,1417]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), or in sandy patches within lava fields near the coast, surrounded by the occasional grass, trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE50A03187FA8DFA63" box="[1170,1335,1425,1451]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE50A03187FA8DFA63" box="[1170,1335,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE54C531A0FE26FA06" box="[247,412,1461,1487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cacti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE54C531A0FE26FA06" box="[247,412,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Opuntia cacti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E74FFEF54C531F0FCC2FAFB" blockId="6.[247,1386,1508,1816]" lastBlockId="7.[247,1385,1059,1331]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE54C531F0FD64FA36" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1919" box="[247,734,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramicus" subSpecies="albemarlensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE54C531F0FD64FA36" box="[247,734,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
apparently prefers dry zones, where it feeds on extrafloral nectaries of the giant endemic cacti
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE5762321DFBC8F9E9" authority="Howell" authorityName="Howell" box="[848,1138,1543,1570]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE5762321DFBB7F9E9" box="[848,1037,1543,1570]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Opuntia echios</emphasis>
|
||||
Howell
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE5084321DFEDEF98C" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE5084321DFEDEF98C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Jasminocereus thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(F.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E74FFEE55BD323EFE13F98D" box="[399,425,1579,1605]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
.C. Weber) Backeb (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E74FFEE56AD323FFC80F98D" author="MEIER R." box="[671,826,1578,1605]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">Meier, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species can be found occasionaly in the Transition zone and rarely in humid areas. It has been collected in stands of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE50F6325BFE77F943" authority="Kunth" authorityName="Kunth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE50F6325BFECFF943" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cryptocarpus pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunth
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, under trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE56AB3264FC0FF943" box="[665,949,1649,1675]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE56AB3264FC0FF943" box="[665,949,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hippomane mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E74FFEE578D3264FC6FF943" box="[959,981,1649,1675]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
., in forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE50B83264FA88F943" box="[1162,1330,1649,1675]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE50B83264FA88F943" box="[1162,1330,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that also include
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE55BD3281FD39F966" box="[399,643,1684,1710]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE55BD3281FD39F966" box="[399,643,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zanthoxylum fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E74FFEE56A63281FD10F966" box="[660,682,1684,1710]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.) Sarg,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE57373280FBE5F966" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[773,1119,1684,1710]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE57373280FC4BF966" box="[773,1009,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Macraea laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE50593281FB5FF966" box="[1131,1253,1684,1710]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE50593281FB7AF966" box="[1131,1216,1684,1710]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cordia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE50C33281FEC1F919" authority="Cav." authorityName="Cav." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE50C33281FE80F919" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Waltheria ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
Cav.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE55B432A2FDB3F919" box="[390,521,1719,1745]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE55B432A2FDB3F919" box="[390,521,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE562432A2FBEDF919" authority="(Hook. f.) Harling" authorityName="Harling" baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." box="[534,1111,1719,1745]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Darwiniothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancifolius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE562432A2FCCFF919" box="[534,885,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Darwiniothamnus lancifolius</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.) Harling
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE505032A2FECAF93C" authority="(Hook. f.)" baseAuthorityName="Hook. f." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE505032A2FAD0F919" box="[1122,1386,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alternanthera filifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hook. f.)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E74FFEE554B32CEFE3DF93D" box="[377,391,1755,1781]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
.T. Howell and grasses.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE569E32CEFB3BF93C" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1919" box="[684,1153,1754,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramicus" subSpecies="albemarlensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE569E32CEFB3BF93C" box="[684,1153,1754,1780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also recorded in areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE554832E8FD24F8DF" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[378,670,1789,1815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE554832E8FD8BF8DF" box="[378,561,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scalesia affinis</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE569932E8FBB9F8DF" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[683,1027,1789,1815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Castela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE569932E8FC2CF8DF" box="[683,918,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Castela galapageia</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E74FFEE502232EBFAFDF8DF" authority="Stewart" authorityName="Stewart" box="[1040,1351,1789,1816]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E74FFEE502232EBFB59F8DF" box="[1040,1251,1789,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Opuntia insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
Stewart
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C53036FDDEFBF5" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[247,612,1059,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leucophlyctis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C53036FE4FFBF5" box="[247,501,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cordia leucophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and dry grass. Other records are from vegetation composed of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C53052FD86FBA8" authority="K. Schum." authorityName="K. Schum." box="[247,572,1094,1121]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C53052FE08FBA8" box="[247,434,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Opuntia helleri</emphasis>
|
||||
K. Schum.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF567E3052FD60FBA8" box="[588,730,1094,1121]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF567E3052FD6FFBA8" box="[588,725,1094,1121]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">C. scouleri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF56D03053FC7DFBA9" authority="Lam." authorityName="Lam." box="[738,967,1094,1121]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF56D03053FCC7FBA8" box="[738,893,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cordia lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
Lam.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF57E73052FAD3FBA8" authority="Andersson" authorityName="Andersson" box="[981,1385,1094,1120]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Lantana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF57E73052FB65FBA8" box="[981,1247,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lantana peduncularis</emphasis>
|
||||
Andersson
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and dry litter. In the humid zone of Alcedo volcano (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E75FFEF5745307CFC74FB4B" box="[887,974,1129,1155]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island) workers were collected in a closed woodland of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF56303098FD19FB6E" box="[514,675,1164,1190]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF56303098FD19FB6E" box="[514,675,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF56813098FB32FB6E" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1919" box="[691,1160,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramicus" subSpecies="albemarlensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF56813098FB32FB6E" box="[691,1160,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dorymyrmex pyramicus albemarlensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is preyed upon by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C530A5FD7AFB02" authority="Keyserling, 1880" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1880" box="[247,704,1199,1226]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Tmarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stolzmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C530A5FE5AFB01" box="[247,480,1199,1225]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tmarus stolzmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
Keyserling, 1880
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a crab-spider (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF57B030BAFBAEFB01" box="[898,1044,1199,1225]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thomisidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) distributed in the arid and transition zones (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF55EB30C6FD3AFB25" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[473,640,1235,1261]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="18 - 19" refId="ref23425" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1983. - An ant - eating crab spider from the Galapagos. Noticias de Galapagos, 37: 18 - 19." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF55EB30C6FD9DFB24" baselines="1254,1255" box="[473,551,1235,1261]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF56A430C6FCF8FB25" author="BAERT L. & MAELFAIT J. - P. & HENDRICKX F. & DESENDER K." box="[662,834,1235,1261]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="39 - 111" refId="ref20568" refString="BAERT L., MAELFAIT J. - P., HENDRICKX F. & DESENDER K., 2008. - Distribution and habitat preference of the spiders (Araneae) of Galapagos. Bulletin from the Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences, Entomology, 78: 39 - 111." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF56A430C6FD52FB24" baselines="1254,1255" box="[662,744,1235,1261]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Baert" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">BAERT</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The invasive ants
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF506A30C1FA96FB25" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1112,1324,1236,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF506A30C1FA96FB25" box="[1112,1324,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C530E3FE3FFAD8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[247,389,1270,1296]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C530E3FE3FFAD8" box="[247,389,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could have displaced
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF56BC30E2FC5AFAD8" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1919" box="[654,992,1270,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dorymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pyramicus" subSpecies="albemarlensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF56BC30E2FC5AFAD8" box="[654,992,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D. pyramicus albemarlensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on the islands of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E75FFEF508030E3FA8DFAD8" box="[1202,1335,1270,1296]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and Baltra where it was once common (
|
||||
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|
||||
, 1924).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
262
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E75FFE154C53140FCBCFEF5.xml
Normal file
262
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E75FFE154C53140FCBCFEF5.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C53140FDEEFAB8" bold="true" box="[247,596,1365,1392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1793)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
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|
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|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E75FFEF54C5316DFD38FA5A" blockId="7.[247,820,1365,1462]" box="[247,642,1400,1427]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Ghost Ant (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF55B6316DFDC0FA5A" author="DEYRUP M. & DAVIS L. & COVER S." box="[388,634,1400,1427]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="293 - 326" refId="ref21831" refString="DEYRUP M., DAVIS L. & COVER S., 2000. - Exotic ants in Florida. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 126: 293 - 326." type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF55C2316CFD97FA5A" box="[496,557,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E75FFEF54C53189FD51FA7E" blockId="7.[247,820,1365,1462]" box="[247,747,1435,1462]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF54CD3189FE3CFA7E" box="[255,390,1436,1462]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173215). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E75FFEF56A03189FD58FA7E" box="[658,738,1436,1462]" captionStart="Map 4" captionStartId="8.[247,293,1016,1037]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-25@8.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Map 4. Distribution of Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710325/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Map 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E75FFE154C531DEFCBCFEF5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E75FFEF54C531DEFAEAF843" blockId="7.[247,1386,1483,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF54C531DEFEB7FA2D" box="[247,269,1483,1509]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
cosmopolitan ant, widespread in the tropics, subtropics and temperate regions (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF50F331DEFADEFA2D" author="KEMPF W." box="[1217,1380,1483,1510]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF50F331DEFAACFA2C" baselines="1502,1503" box="[1217,1302,1483,1509]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF54C531FAFDBAF9C0" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[247,512,1518,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
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|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF555931FAFE0DF9C0" box="[363,439,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF562931FAFD1BF9CF" baselines="1538,1538" box="[539,673,1519,1545]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2015).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF572731FAFBD7F9C0" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[789,1133,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF572731FAFBD7F9C0" box="[789,1133,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a tramp species introduced through trade to many parts of the world (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF57BF3204FBF6F9E3" author="PASSERA L." box="[909,1100,1553,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="23 - 43" refId="ref24379" refString="PASSERA L., 1994. - Characteristics of tramp species, In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact, and control of introduced species. Westview studies in insect biology, Boulder, 23 - 43." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF57BF3204FC41F9E2" baselines="1572,1573" box="[909,1019,1553,1579]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Passera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">PASSERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF50693207FAFAF9E3" author="WETTERER J. K." box="[1115,1344,1553,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="23 - 33" refId="ref26421" refString="WETTERER J. K., 2009 a. - Worldwide spread of the ghost ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 12: 23 - 33." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF50693207FB5AF9E2" baselines="1573,1573" box="[1115,1248,1554,1580]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wetterer" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">WETTERER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2009a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was collected for the first time in 1891 on
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E75FFEF56D53220FC6DF986" box="[743,983,1588,1615]" name="San Cristobal Island" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">San Cristóbal Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF57D43220FB36F987" author="EMERY C." box="[998,1164,1589,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref21896" refString="EMERY C., 1893. - Notice sur quelques fourmis des iles Galapagos. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 62: 89 - 92." type="journal article" year="1893">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF57D43220FB85F986" baselines="1608,1609" box="[998,1087,1589,1615]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Emery" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">EMERY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1893
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF50A43220FAB4F986" baselines="1608,1609" box="[1174,1294,1589,1615]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919). It is widely distributed in Galápagos on 17 islands and islets and found often in the Dry Zone in natural as well as disturbed habitats. Nests are found under and inside dead branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C5328AFE27F970" box="[247,413,1694,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C5328AFE27F970" box="[247,413,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
abandoned by termites (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF56F3328BFC80F97F" baselines="1713,1714" box="[705,826,1694,1720]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924), under rocks, rotten logs, bark of dead– dry trees and house walls. This species has been collected in trunks of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF500A32D7FB66F913" box="[1080,1244,1729,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF500A32D7FB66F913" box="[1080,1244,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and several plant species, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF560B32F1FCF0F936" box="[569,842,1764,1790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkinsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF560B32F1FCF0F936" box="[569,842,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Parkinsonia aculeata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF576D32F0FCCFF937" box="[863,885,1765,1791]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF57E232F1FB10F936" box="[976,1194,1764,1790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF57E232F1FB10F936" box="[976,1194,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Psidium guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF508D32F0FB73F937" box="[1215,1225,1765,1791]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF50DD32F0FE7FF8E9" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF50DD32F0FE7FF8E9" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a diurnal species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF56FA3312FCDFF8E9" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[712,869,1799,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF56FA3312FCACF8E8" baselines="1818,1819" box="[712,790,1799,1825]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) that has been observed feeding on nectar from flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF55F0333FFD7AF88C" box="[450,704,1834,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF55F0333FFD7AF88C" box="[450,704,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Catharanthus roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF56E1333FFD53F88C" box="[723,745,1834,1860]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.) G. Don. and extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF50F2333EFA8EF88C" box="[1216,1332,1834,1861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF50F2333EFA8EF88C" box="[1216,1332,1834,1861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF54C5335BFDF2F8AF" authority="(MEIER, 1994)" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[247,584,1869,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF54C5335BFE3FF8AF" box="[247,389,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">J thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E75FFEF55AB3358FD85F8AF" author="MEIER R." box="[409,575,1869,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E75FFEF55AB3358FE51F8AE" baselines="1888,1889" box="[409,491,1869,1895]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Visit flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF5718335BFB97F8AF" box="[810,1069,1870,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF5718335BFB97F8AF" box="[810,1069,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Avicennia germinans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E75FFEF50763358FBE1F8AF" box="[1092,1115,1869,1895]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF5049335BFE8DF843" authority="Oliv." authorityName="Oliv." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="habeliana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF5049335BFAD3F8AF" box="[1147,1385,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ipomoea habeliana</emphasis>
|
||||
Oliv.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF55713364FE05F843" box="[323,447,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF55713364FE03F843" box="[323,441,1905,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helleri">O. helleri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF55F43364FCA7F843" authority="(Sw.) DC." authorityName="DC." baseAuthorityName="Sw." box="[454,797,1905,1931]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF55F43364FD21F843" box="[454,667,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prosopis juliflora</emphasis>
|
||||
(Sw.) DC.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E75FFEF576A3364FB25F843" authority="Arn." authorityName="Arn." box="[856,1183,1905,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atractyloides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E75FFEF576A3364FBDBF843" box="[856,1121,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Scalesia atractyloides</emphasis>
|
||||
Arn.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Workers were
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E7AFFE054C537EDFC10FBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710325" box="[247,938,1016,1038]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710325/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[247,293,1016,1037]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7AFFE054C537EDFC10FBC5" blockId="8.[247,938,1016,1038]" box="[247,938,1016,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Map 4. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7AFFE055ED37ECFC10FBC5" authority="(Fabricius, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[479,938,1016,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7AFFE055ED37ECFD4CFBC5" box="[479,758,1016,1038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1793)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E7AFFE054C5337BFD1DF84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710329" box="[247,679,1901,1924]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710329/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[247,293,1902,1923]" targetBox="[251,1382,1067,1864]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7AFFE054C5337BFD1DF84C" blockId="8.[247,679,1901,1924]" box="[247,679,1901,1924]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Map 5. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7AFFE055ED337BFDD2F84B" box="[479,616,1902,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7AFFE055ED337BFDFFF84B" box="[479,581,1902,1923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tapinoma</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
hh07.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7AFFE1516833D8FCBCFEF5" blockId="8.[1370,1385,1997,2023]" lastBlockId="9.[247,1386,186,318]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
9 observed transferring pollen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE156A634AFFD41FF1C" box="[660,763,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE156A634AFFD41FF1C" box="[660,763,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
flowers (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE1574C34AFFBD3FF1C" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[894,1129,186,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="21 - 23" refId="ref23760" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1986. - Observations on insect visitors to flowering plants of Isla Santa Cruz. Part II. Butterflies, moths, ants, hover flies and stilt bugs. Noticias de Galapagos, 43: 21 - 23." type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE1574C34AFFBA9FF1B" baselines="205,206" box="[894,1043,186,213]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">MCMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1986
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE1504F34AFFB06FF1C" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[1149,1212,186,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="35 - 45" refId="ref23838" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1990. - Reproductive biology of Galapagos Islands angiosperms. Monographs in Systematic Botany, 32: 35 - 45." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE150E334AFFAAAFF1C" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[1233,1296,186,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref23806" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 1993. - Flower - visiting insects of the Galapagos Islands. Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 69 (1): 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE1511734AFFADFFF1C" author="MCMULLEN C. K." box="[1317,1381,186,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="11 - 20" refId="ref23928" refString="MCMULLEN C. K., 2009. - Pollination biology of a night-flowering Galapagos endemic, Ipomoea habeliana (Convolvulaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 160 (1): 11 - 20." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE154C534C8FDB6FF3F" author="CHAMORRO S. & HELENO R. & OLESEN J. M. & MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A." box="[247,524,221,247]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1489 - 1501" refId="ref21572" refString="CHAMORRO S., HELENO R., OLESEN J. M., MCMULLEN C. K. & TRAVESET A., 2012. - Pollination patterns and plant breeding systems in the Galapagos: a review. Annals of Botany, 110: 1489 - 1501." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
Chamorro
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE1554934CBFE7AFF3F" box="[379,448,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE1561334CBFCC9FF3F" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[545,883,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE1561334CBFCC9FF3F" box="[545,883,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tapinoma melanocephalum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be common in the agricultural areas where it can attend
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE155CA3515FDCDFED2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[504,631,256,282]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species for honeydew, e.g on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE150363514FED0FEF6" authority="Plenck. It" authorityName="Plenck. It" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="italic">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE150363514FB59FED2" box="[1028,1251,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brassica oleracea</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE151193515FAD3FED2" box="[1323,1385,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">italic</emphasis>
|
||||
Plenck. It
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is common in human settlements.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
233
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233
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|
|
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|
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|
||||
<mods:end id="7D8A9D098F8EC224E4B29532453CF812">60</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="E49AD0D347DD62B92729912FD5634189">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="7F5619CACD3AB3912AA4B71221480E0F" type="CLB-Dataset">302430</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="F9035A432B99DDE52849BEFC97559B13" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="ED953EB9E82B7EFDE71724DA49D17075" type="GBIF-Dataset">83b9d93e-6482-4509-82e7-d477e479612b</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="926993B309A7267B98D3BDCE0B160358" type="ISSN">2295-0214</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="620C57694C9C78E0214F003893593323" type="Zenodo-Dep">13710313</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="163BDE42F5D8B3F5456A6D24F1324EF4" type="ZooBank">2612CE09-F7FF-45CD-B52E-99F04DC2AA56</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03EC87963E78FFE254C53674FB80FB73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710345" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E78FFE254C53674FB80FB73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E78FFE254C53674FB80FB73" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE254C53674FD2EFDB4" box="[247,660,609,636]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C53674FD2EFDB4" blockId="10.[247,747,574,671]" box="[247,660,609,636]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C53674FD2EFDB4" ID-CoL="MXR9" authority="Forel, 1874" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1874" box="[247,660,609,636]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53674FD2EFDB4" bold="true" box="[247,660,609,636]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53674FE47FDB4" bold="true" box="[247,509,609,636]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Brachymyrmex heeri</emphasis>
|
||||
Forel, 1874
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE254C53690FD51FD57" box="[247,747,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C53690FD51FD57" blockId="10.[247,747,574,671]" box="[247,747,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE254CD3690FE3CFD57" box="[255,390,645,671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173228). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E78FFE256A03690FD58FD57" box="[658,738,645,671]" captionStart="Map 7" captionStartId="11.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-32@11.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Map 7. Distribution of Brachymyrmex heeri Forel, 1874." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710335/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Map 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE254C536A0FB80FB73" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C536A0FB80FB73" blockId="10.[247,1386,693,1211]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
Distributed in Central, South America and the Antilles (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2579B36A0FBF5FD07" author="KEMPF W." box="[937,1103,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2579B36A0FC44FD06" baselines="712,713" box="[937,1022,693,719]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2506C36A0FAE7FD07" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[1118,1373,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2506C36A0FB78FD06" baselines="712,713" box="[1118,1218,693,719]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE250FE36A3FAABFD07" box="[1228,1297,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C536CDFE42FD3A" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1874" box="[247,504,728,754]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C536CDFE42FD3A" box="[247,504,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Brachymyrmex heeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an introduced species that was collected for the first time in 2001 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2553236EEFDE4FCDD" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[256,606,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2553236EEFECFFCDC" baselines="782,783" box="[256,373,763,789]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE2553236EEFECFFCDC" box="[256,373,763,789]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE255AF36EEFDB7FCDC" baselines="782,783" box="[413,525,763,789]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Often found in the dry areas, it is distributed on five islands in disturbed and natural environments. Nests have been found in roots of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE25062370AFB78FCF0" box="[1104,1218,799,825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE25062370AFB78FCF0" box="[1104,1218,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, sidewalks of streets, and under rocks and rotten trunks in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2572B3754FCC7FC93" box="[793,893,833,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2572B3754FCC7FC93" box="[793,893,833,859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scalesia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257893757FBA5FC93" box="[955,1055,834,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257893757FBA5FC93" box="[955,1055,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Miconia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
areas. It has been reported visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255EE3770FC80FCB7" authority="G. Watt" authorityName="G. Watt" box="[476,826,868,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255EE3770FD75FCB6" box="[476,719,868,895]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Gossypium darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
G. Watt
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257743770FC02FCB6" box="[838,952,869,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257743770FC02FCB6" box="[838,952,869,895]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, potted plants and other ornamental plants in gardens. It has also been reported on crops such as coffee (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE25006379DFB51FC69" box="[1076,1259,903,930]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE25006379DFB51FC69" box="[1076,1259,903,930]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Coffea arabica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE250C0379DFAB3FC6A" box="[1266,1289,904,930]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.), citrus and bananas. Other records are available from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2570337BEFB23FC0D" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[817,1177,939,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Piscidia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carthagenensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2570337BEFBE9FC0D" box="[817,1107,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Piscidia carthagenensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Jacq.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forests. Workers have been collected on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2563F37DBFCAAFC2F" box="[525,784,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megasperma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2563F37DBFCAAFC2F" box="[525,784,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Opuntia megasperma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2572437DBFC9FFC20" box="[790,805,974,1000]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||||
. T. Howell,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2578437DBFBFAFC20" box="[950,1088,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="darwinii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2578437DBFBFAFC20" box="[950,1088,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. darwinii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2507C37DBFB49FC20" box="[1102,1267,974,1000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2507C37DBFB49FC20" box="[1102,1267,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Malus pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2513137DBFAA3FC20" box="[1283,1305,974,1000]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.) Mill. and plants of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2558A37E4FD6DFBC3" box="[440,727,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2558A37E4FDD2FBC3" box="[440,616,1009,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hibiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosa">Hibiscus rosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2564B37E7FD6DFBC3" box="[633,727,1010,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE256DB37E7FCBAFBC4" box="[745,768,1010,1036]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2572E37E7FBBBFBC3" box="[796,1025,1010,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Ricinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2572E37E7FBBBFBC3" box="[796,1025,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ricinus communis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2502137E7FB90FBC4" box="[1043,1066,1010,1036]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2507437E4FA8CFBC3" box="[1094,1334,1009,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2507437E4FA8CFBC3" box="[1094,1334,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spondias purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2517A37E7FAE5FBC4" box="[1352,1375,1010,1036]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C53001FE68FBE6" box="[247,466,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53001FE68FBE6" box="[247,466,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE255D03000FE43FBE7" box="[482,505,1045,1071]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE256263001FD6BFBE6" box="[532,721,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE256263001FD6BFBE6" box="[532,721,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Carica papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE256D23000FD4DFBE7" box="[736,759,1045,1071]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257203001FCC0FBE6" box="[786,890,1044,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257203001FCC0FBE6" box="[786,890,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257A03000FB89FBE6" box="[914,1075,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257A03000FB89FBE6" box="[914,1075,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2504D3001FE3AFB99" authority="L. Mutualistic" authorityName="L. Mutualistic" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2504D3001FA85FBE6" box="[1151,1343,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
|
||||
L. Mutualistic
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
interactions with scale insects like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE25770302DFBE4FB99" authority="(Green)" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[834,1118,1079,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE25770302DFC49FB99" box="[834,1011,1079,1106]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Coccus viridis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Green)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the invasive cottony cushion scale
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255AD304EFC9DFBBC" authority="(Maskell, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[415,807,1114,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255AD304EFDE7FBBC" box="[415,605,1114,1140]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Icerya purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Maskell, 1878)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and unidentified aphids (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2506F304FFADFFBBC" author="CAUSTON C. E. & PECK S. & SINCLAIR B. J. & ROQUE & ALBELO L. & HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B." box="[1117,1381,1114,1140]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="121 - 143" refId="ref21457" refString="CAUSTON C. E., PECK S. B, SINCLAIR B. J., ROQUE - ALBELO L., HODGSON C. J. & LANDRY B., 2006. - Alien insects: threats and implications for the conservation of the Galapagos Islands. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99: 121 - 143." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2506F304FFB69FBBB" baselines="1133,1134" box="[1117,1235,1114,1140]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE250E8304EFAA7FBBC" box="[1242,1309,1114,1140]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE254C5306BFDB9FB5F" author="VELASCO Y. A. & ROPERO M. C. & ARMBRECHT I." box="[247,515,1149,1176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="116 - 126" refId="ref25921" refString="VELASCO Y. A., ROPERO M. C. & ARMBRECHT I., 2010. - Interacciones entre hormigas e insectos en follaje de cafetales de sol y de sombra, Cauca - Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 36 (1): 116 - 126." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE254C5306BFED0FB5E" baselines="1169,1169" box="[247,362,1150,1176]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Velasco" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">VELASCO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE25541306BFE02FB5F" box="[371,440,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), could contribute to their spread.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257993068FB13FB5F" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1874" box="[939,1193,1149,1175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257993068FB13FB5F" box="[939,1193,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Brachymyrmex heeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered a minor threat to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE2558330B5FD8AFB72" box="[433,560,1184,1210]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
ecosystems (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE256E030B4FB97FB73" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T." box="[722,1069,1185,1211]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref22454" refString="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T., 2008. - New records of introduced ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 65: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE256E030B4FCFDFB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[722,839,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE256E030B4FCFDFB71" box="[722,839,1185,1211]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2575F30B4FC67FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[877,989,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Longino" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">LONGINO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
277
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8.xml
Normal file
277
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
|
|||
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2AB762BB6184DA531DC3EE9EDABD3A8F">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="73F77AA75F0BAD448503CE38ADF4C05F">Sevilla, Christian R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEBB9D164E3DBA011CDA3A41E9D6DBDB">Pozo, Paola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0284832ADF31E65C61AE8C415357A1C5">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="B9A3A45731A2E847E2BE03E2FC4E86D1">
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<treatment id="03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710353" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E78FFE454C530C8FA92FEA8" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE254C530C8FC8DFB3E" box="[247,823,1244,1271]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C530C8FC8DFB3E" blockId="10.[247,823,1244,1306]" box="[247,823,1244,1271]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C530C8FC8DFB3E" ID-CoL="7JFPJ" authority="Emery, 1894" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[247,823,1244,1271]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="conspicuus" subSpecies="zonatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C530C8FC8DFB3E" bold="true" box="[247,823,1244,1271]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C530C8FD37FB3F" bold="true" box="[247,653,1245,1271]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Camponotus conspicuus zonatus</emphasis>
|
||||
Emery, 1894
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE254C53115FD51FAD2" box="[247,747,1280,1306]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C53115FD51FAD2" blockId="10.[247,823,1244,1306]" box="[247,747,1280,1306]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE254CD3115FE3CFAD2" box="[255,390,1280,1306]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173224). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E78FFE256A03115FD5BFAD2" box="[658,737,1280,1306]" captionStart="Map 8" captionStartId="11.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-43@11.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionText="Map 8. Distribution of Camponotus conspicuus zonatus Emery, 1894." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710337/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Map 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E78FFE454C53125FA92FEA8" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C53125FB63F891" blockId="10.[247,1386,1327,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
Known from Central America (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E78FFE256423125FD4DFA81" box="[624,759,1327,1354]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) and South America (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E78FFE257CD313AFBF0FA81" box="[1023,1098,1327,1353]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F35276103E78FFE250B6313AFB50FA81" box="[1156,1258,1327,1353]" name="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE251313125FE3FFAA5" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE251313125FAD3FA80" baselines="1347,1347" box="[1283,1385,1328,1354]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53141FE86FAA5" box="[247,316,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE255A13146FDADFAA5" box="[403,535,1363,1389]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
, 2019). This introduced species is widely dispersed in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE250873146FA8EFAA5" box="[1205,1332,1363,1389]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and occurs on 24 islands and islets from the littoral to humid zones. The first specimens were collected in
|
||||
<quantity id="4CBD9B653E78FFE255BE318CFE5DFA7B" box="[396,487,1433,1460]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0165" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="1975.0">1975 in</quantity>
|
||||
the Arid Zone of Santa Cruz Island.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2579E318CFA8DFA7B" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[940,1335,1433,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="conspicuus" subSpecies="zonatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2579E318CFA8DFA7B" box="[940,1335,1433,1459]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Camponotus conspicuus zonatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a polygyne species that nests under rocks, rotten logs, and in and around buildings. It has been observed visiting flowers of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2566E31CAFC23FA31" box="[604,921,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2566E31CAFC8CFA31" box="[604,822,1503,1529]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Heliotropiaceae" genus="Tournefortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufo">Tournefortia rufo</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–sericea
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. F,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2502931CAFBC7FA31" box="[1051,1149,1503,1529]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2502931CAFBC7FA31" box="[1051,1149,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE250BD31CAFA89FA31" box="[1167,1331,1503,1529]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE250BD31CAFA89FA31" box="[1167,1331,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C53217FD17F9D5" authority="Kunth. Reports" authorityName="Kunth. Reports" box="[247,685,1538,1565]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53217FE4AF9D4" box="[247,496,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Clerodendrum molle</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunth. Reports
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also exist of tending of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257F43216FBF2F9D4" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[966,1096,1538,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purchasi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257F43216FBF2F9D4" box="[966,1096,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">I. purchasi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for honeydew (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE251333217FE38F988" author="HODDLE M. S. & CRESPO & RAMIREZ C. & HODDLE C. D. & LOAYZA J. & LINCANGO M. P. & VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E." pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="262 - 274" refId="ref22669" refString="HODDLE M. S., CRESPO - RAMIREZ C., HODDLE C. D., LOAYZA J., LINCANGO M. P., VAN DRIESCHE R. G. & CAUSTON C. E., 2013. - Post release evaluation of Rodolia cardinalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for control of Icerya purchasi (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) in the Galapagos Islands. Biological Control, 67: 262 - 274." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE251333217FAD3F9D3" baselines="1557,1558" box="[1281,1385,1538,1564]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Hoddle" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">HODDLE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53233FE80F9F7" box="[247,314,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is common in populated areas of inhabited islands, and can be collected all year round. In the lowlands it can be observed foraging on sandy beaches, between mangrove leaf litter, in branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255C23279FD2AF94E" box="[496,656,1644,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255C23279FD2AF94E" box="[496,656,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and in patches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257593279FBACF94E" box="[875,1046,1644,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257593279FC67F94E" box="[875,989,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sesuvium</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
It has also been collected in areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2554A3285FDAAF961" box="[376,528,1680,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2554A3285FDAAF961" box="[376,528,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2562D329AFD05F961" box="[543,703,1679,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2562D329AFD05F961" box="[543,703,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. germinans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE256FC329AFC54F961" box="[718,1006,1679,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Laguncularia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE256FC329AFC54F961" box="[718,1006,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Laguncularia racemosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE257CD329AFBACF961" box="[1023,1046,1679,1705]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.) C.F. Gaertn) and in forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2552532A6FE06F904" box="[279,444,1714,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2552532A6FE06F904" box="[279,444,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255CC32A7FB3DF905" authority="(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) Weberb. It" authorityName="Weberb. It" baseAuthorityName="Schult." box="[510,1159,1714,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Scutia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255CC32A7FD1DF904" box="[510,679,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scutia spicata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Humb.& Bonpl. ex Schult.) Weberb. It
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2551332C0FDADF927" box="[289,535,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suberosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2551332C0FDADF927" box="[289,535,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Passiflora suberosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2561832C0FBAEF927" box="[554,1044,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2561832C0FD0CF927" box="[554,694,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">C. scouleri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE256F532C3FCE3F927" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[711,857,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">J. thouarsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2575B32C3FBAEF927" box="[873,1044,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">B. graveolens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2501A32C0FB24F927" box="[1064,1182,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2501A32C0FB24F927" box="[1064,1182,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2508032C3FE03F8DA" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2508032C3FADCF927" box="[1202,1382,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">H. mancinella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C532ECFE03F8DA" box="[247,441,1784,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">Ipomoea triloba</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE255F232ECFE6DF8DB" box="[448,471,1785,1811]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255DA32ECFD32F8DA" box="[488,648,1784,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255DA32ECFD32F8DA" box="[488,648,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE256F332EDFC79F8DA" box="[705,963,1784,1810]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkinsonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE256F332EDFC79F8DA" box="[705,963,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Parkinsonia aculeata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE257FB32ECFC61F8DB" box="[969,987,1785,1811]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Specimens have been registered in the agricultural zone in crops
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE256A9330EFC08F8FD" box="[667,946,1819,1845]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE256A9330EFC08F8FD" box="[667,946,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Solanum lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2578C3309FC68F8FE" box="[958,978,1820,1846]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257DE3309FAA8F8FD" box="[1004,1298,1819,1845]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="oleracea" variety="italica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257DE3309FAA8F8FD" box="[1004,1298,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B. oleracea var. italica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE251143309FE78F890" authority="Colla" authorityName="Colla" class="Liliopsida" family="Musaceae" genus="Musa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE251143309FECCF890" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Musa acuminata</emphasis>
|
||||
Colla
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE255FC332AFDA3F891" box="[462,537,1855,1881]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE255FC332AFDA3F891" box="[462,537,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Citrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
x
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE25605332AFD2CF890" box="[567,662,1855,1880]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE25605332AFD2CF890" box="[567,662,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE2569A332BFD04F890" box="[680,702,1854,1880]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.) Osbeck,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2570F332AFC03F890" box="[829,953,1855,1881]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caricaceae" genus="Carica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papaya">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2570F332AFC03F890" box="[829,953,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C. papaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257C1332AFB02F890" box="[1011,1208,1855,1881]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257C1332AFB02F890" box="[1011,1208,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cucumis sativus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E78FFE250F2332AFB6CF891" box="[1216,1238,1855,1881]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E79FFE354C537F9FC88FBC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710335" box="[247,818,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710335/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E79FFE354C537F9FC88FBC8" blockId="11.[247,818,1003,1025]" box="[247,818,1003,1025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
Map 7. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E79FFE355ED37FEFC94FBC8" authority="Forel, 1874" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1874" box="[479,814,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachymyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E79FFE355ED37FEFD0BFBC8" box="[479,689,1003,1024]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brachymyrmex heeri</emphasis>
|
||||
Forel, 1874
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E79FFE354C53366FC0CF840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710337" box="[247,950,1907,1929]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710337/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[247,293,1907,1928]" targetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" targetPageId="11">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E79FFE354C53366FC0CF840" blockId="11.[247,950,1907,1929]" box="[247,950,1907,1929]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
Map 8. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E79FFE355ED3366FC0BF840" authority="Emery, 1894" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[479,945,1907,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="conspicuus" subSpecies="zonatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E79FFE355ED3366FC9DF840" box="[479,807,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Camponotus conspicuus zonatus</emphasis>
|
||||
Emery, 1894
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C534AFFA92FEA8" blockId="12.[247,1386,186,353]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C534AFFD3AFF1C" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[247,640,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="conspicuus" subSpecies="zonatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C534AFFD3AFF1C" box="[247,640,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus conspicuus zonatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a nocturnal species, common in urban and disturbed zones. It is often confused with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4561834C8FD6BFF3F" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[554,721,221,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4561834C8FD6BFF3F" box="[554,721,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE456D034C8FCE2FF3E" baselines="240,241" box="[738,856,221,247]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7EFFE456D034C8FCE2FF3E" box="[738,856,221,247]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
unpublished data) and has quickly invaded natural areas in the archipelago.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456B23514FBB1FED2" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1894" box="[640,1035,257,283]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="conspicuus" subSpecies="zonatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456B23514FBB1FED2" box="[640,1035,257,283]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus conspicuus zonatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to have replaced the endemic species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455FB3531FDC9FEF5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[457,627,291,318]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455FB3531FDC9FEF5" box="[457,627,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in many localities of the archipelago. Collections of this ant from cargo docks, cargo ships and aircrafts suggest several reintroductions to
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7EFFE450933553FA9EFEA8" box="[1185,1316,326,352]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
222
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5.xml
Normal file
222
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5.xml
Normal file
|
|
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<treatment id="03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710339" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710339" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC87963E7BFFE254C53692FDEBFDD5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7BFFE154C53692FC90FD69" blockId="9.[247,810,612,709]" box="[247,810,647,674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE154C53692FC90FD69" authority="(Cameron, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[247,810,647,674]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cylindromyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whymperi">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE154C53692FC90FD69" bold="true" box="[247,810,647,674]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE154C53692FDF0FD6A" bold="true" box="[247,586,647,674]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cylindromyrmex whymperi</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE156683692FC9BFD69" author="CAMERON P." box="[602,801,647,673]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="89 - 95" refId="ref21358" refString="CAMERON P., 1891. - Appendix. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. In: WHYMPER E. (ed.). - Travels amongst the Great Andes of the Equator. J. Murray, London, 89 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1891">Cameron, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7BFFE154C536BEFD51FD0D" box="[247,747,683,709]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7BFFE154C536BEFD51FD0D" blockId="9.[247,810,612,709]" box="[247,747,683,709]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7BFFE154CD36BEFE3CFD0D" box="[255,390,683,709]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
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: CASENT0173212). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E7BFFE156A036BEFD58FD0D" box="[658,738,683,709]" captionStart="Map 6" captionStartId="9.[247,293,1854,1875]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1032,1831]" captionTargetId="figure-287@9.[247,1386,1028,1833]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Map 6. Distribution of Cylindromyrmex whymperi (Cameron, 1891)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710331/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Map 6</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7BFFE254C536CEFDEBFDD5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7BFFE254C536CEFE4EFEA9" blockId="9.[247,1385,730,1003]" lastBlockId="10.[247,1386,186,353]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7BFFE154C536CEFEB7FD3D" box="[247,269,731,757]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
neotropical species whose origin in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7BFFE156FB36CFFCF2FD3C" box="[713,840,730,756]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Galápagos</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is uncertain (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE157DC36CEFB29FD3D" author="KEMPF W." box="[1006,1171,731,757]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE157DC36CEFBF9FD3C" baselines="750,751" box="[1006,1091,731,757]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kempf" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">KEMPF</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE1509236CEFB56FD3C" baselines="750,751" box="[1184,1260,731,757]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 1982;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE1517B36CAFAD3FD3C" baselines="751" box="[1353,1385,735,756]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="de" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE154C536EBFE07FCD0" author="ANDRADE DE M. L." box="[247,445,766,792]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="581 - 664" refId="ref20471" refString="ANDRADE DE M. L., 1998. - Fossil and extant species of Cylindromyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 105: 581 - 664." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE154C536EBFECAFCDE" baselines="785,785" box="[247,368,766,792]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Andrade" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ANDRADE</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1998
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 2001;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE1562636EBFCB1FCDF" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[532,779,765,792]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE1562636EBFDC3FCDE" baselines="785,785" box="[532,633,766,792]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE1564D36EBFD78FCDF" box="[639,706,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Collected for the first time on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7BFFE150B636EBFAB2FCD0" box="[1156,1288,766,792]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in 1906 (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE154CD3734FEC3FCF2" baselines="820,821" box="[255,377,801,827]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919), it has now been found on five islands. Little is known about
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE150833734FAF1FCF3" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1201,1355,801,827]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cylindromyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whymperi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE150833734FAF1FCF3" box="[1201,1355,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. whymperi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the archipelago. Nests can be found in dead branches (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE157BB3750FA9FFC96" authority="(L. Her.) DC." authorityName="DC." baseAuthorityName="L. Her." box="[905,1317,836,862]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE157BB3750FBCCFC96" box="[905,1142,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Maytenus octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
(L. Hér.) DC.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). The species also uses galleries constructed by termites (possibly
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE157C6377DFD95FC6C" authority="(Banks, 1901)) (WHEELER, 1924)" authorityName=") (WHEELER" authorityYear="1924" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Incisitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE157C6377DFABAFC49" box="[1012,1280,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Incisitermes pacificus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Banks, 1901)) (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7BFFE15568379FFE69FC6B" baselines="925,926" box="[346,467,906,932]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the Transition Zone of Wolf volcano on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7BFFE1506E379FFB0EFC6C" box="[1116,1204,906,932]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, workers were collected inside a rotten trunk next to nests of the ants
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE1574F37BBFA8DFC0F" authority="Smith, 1877" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[893,1335,941,968]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE1574F37BBFB24FC0F" box="[893,1182,941,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE1509737B8FA8DFC0F" author="SMITH F." box="[1189,1335,941,967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE154C537C4FD3CFC22" authority="Smith, 1877" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,646,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE154C537C4FE5DFC22" box="[247,487,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE155DD37C5FD3CFC22" author="SMITH F." box="[495,646,976,1002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the Dry Zone
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D43FD093E7BFFE1576B37C4FC5BFC22" box="[857,993,976,1003]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="worker">one worker</specimenCount>
|
||||
was collected in an open forest of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2552934AEFE7EFF1C" box="[283,452,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2552934AEFE7EFF1C" box="[283,452,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. On a recent ant survey on the summit of Alcedo volcano on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE250E434AFFA94FF1C" box="[1238,1326,186,212]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Isabela" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Isabela</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, one winged female was observed on leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2573A34C8FB24FF3F" authority="B. L. Rob." authorityName="B. L. Rob." box="[776,1182,221,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2573A34C8FBA7FF3F" box="[776,1053,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scalesia microcephala</emphasis>
|
||||
B.L. Rob.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
This is the first record from the pampa zone at higher altitudes. On Fernandina and in the Littoral Zone of Floreana specimens have not been collected since the first records of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE250B93531FA95FEF6" author="STITZ H." box="[1163,1327,292,318]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="367 - 372" refId="ref25335" refString="STITZ H., 1932. - The Norwegian Zoological Expedition to the Galapagos Islands 1925, conducted by Alf Wollebaek. Meddelelser Zoologiske Museum, 31: 367 - 372." type="journal article" year="1932">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE250B93531FB6AFEF4" baselines="311,311" box="[1163,1232,292,318]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Stitz" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">STITZ</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(1932)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE254C53552FE4AFEA9" author="SILBERGLIED R." box="[247,496,327,353]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref25039" refString="SILBERGLIED R., 1972. - The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, a serious pest in the Galapagos Islands. Noticias de Galapagos, 19: 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE254C53552FE2EFE97" baselines="346,346" box="[247,404,327,353]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Silberglied" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SILBERGLIED</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(1972)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E7BFFE154C5332BFC10F89B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710331" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710331" box="[247,938,1854,1876]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710331/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[247,293,1854,1875]" targetBox="[251,1382,1032,1831]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7BFFE154C5332BFC10F89B" blockId="9.[247,938,1854,1876]" box="[247,938,1854,1876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Map 6. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7BFFE155ED332BFC1CF89B" authority="(Cameron, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[479,934,1854,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cylindromyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whymperi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7BFFE155ED332BFD4BF89B" box="[479,753,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cylindromyrmex whymperi</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7BFFE156CC332BFC24F89B" author="CAMERON P." box="[766,926,1854,1875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="89 - 95" refId="ref21358" refString="CAMERON P., 1891. - Appendix. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. In: WHYMPER E. (ed.). - Travels amongst the Great Andes of the Equator. J. Murray, London, 89 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1891">Cameron, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E78FFE254C53563FDEBFDD5" blockId="10.[247,1386,374,541]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE254C53563FD85FE58" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[247,575,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cylindromyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whymperi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE254C53563FD85FE58" box="[247,575,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cylindromyrmex whymperi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to have been displaced by the invasive ant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE250923562FAD3FE58" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1184,1385,375,400]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE250923562FAD3FE58" box="[1184,1385,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE2552F358CFE18FE7B" box="[285,418,409,435]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Island (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE25636358CFD48FE7B" author="SILBERGLIED R." box="[516,754,409,436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="13 - 15" refId="ref25039" refString="SILBERGLIED R., 1972. - The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, a serious pest in the Galapagos Islands. Noticias de Galapagos, 19: 13 - 15." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE25636358CFD1BFE7A" baselines="428,429" box="[516,673,409,435]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Silberglied" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SILBERGLIED</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This could be the case also for Floreana and Baltra Islands where
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE2559735A8FD8EFE1E" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[421,564,445,471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE2559735A8FD8EFE1E" box="[421,564,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the “destructive trailing ant”
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E78FFE257FF35A9FE84FE32" authority="(Jerdon, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Jerdon" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trichomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E78FFE257FF35A9FABAFE1E" box="[973,1280,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Trichomyrmex destructor</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jerdon, 1851)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have invaded large areas of the islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2571135F6FC46FE31" author="VON AESCH L." box="[803,1020,479,506]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref26009" refString="VON AESCH L., 2006. - Introduced Ants in Galapagos (Floreana Island): Importance of Competition, Coexistence and Aggressive Behaviors. University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 88 pp." type="book" year="2006">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2571135F6FCEDFE30" baselines="499" box="[803,855,483,504]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="von" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">VON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2576935F5FC14FE30" baselines="499,499" box="[859,942,480,506]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Aesch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AESCH</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E78FFE2503A35F5FADEFE32" author="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E." box="[1032,1380,480,506]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="13 - 17" refId="ref22493" refString="HERRERA H. W. & CAUSTON C. E., 2010. - First inventory of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Baltra Island. Galapagos Research, 67: 13 - 17." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2503A35F5FBC6FE30" baselines="499,499" box="[1032,1148,480,506]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE2503A35F5FBC6FE30" box="[1032,1148,480,506]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE2509335F5FAAFFE30" baselines="499,499" box="[1185,1301,480,506]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Causton" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">CAUSTON</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E78FFE254C53616FED1FDD3" baselines="534,534" box="[247,363,515,541]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E78FFE254C53616FED1FDD3" box="[247,363,515,541]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
unpublished data).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
171
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E7CFFE654C536FBFE45FB16.xml
Normal file
171
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E7CFFE654C536FBFE45FB16.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="E0802A1CF74FB6F96536EE8EE06C16F5">Causton, Charlotte E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C7797D3B8B805C5368FF8A106F28B235">Hendrickx, Frederik</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7CFFE654C536FBFD1CFCC0" box="[247,678,750,777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7CFFE654C536FBFD1CFCC0" blockId="14.[247,762,750,812]" box="[247,678,750,777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE654C536FBFD1CFCC0" authority="(Forel, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[247,678,750,777]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE654C536FBFD1CFCC0" bold="true" box="[247,678,750,777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE654C536FBFE46FCC1" bold="true" box="[247,508,750,777]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nylanderia steinheili</emphasis>
|
||||
(Forel, 1893)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7CFFE654C53707FD40FCE4" box="[247,762,786,812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7CFFE654C53707FD40FCE4" blockId="14.[247,762,750,812]" box="[247,762,786,812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7CFFE654CD3707FE3CFCE4" box="[255,390,786,812]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173233). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E7CFFE656A33707FD4AFCE4" box="[657,752,786,812]" captionStart="Map 11" captionStartId="15.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-29@15.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Map 11. Distribution of Nylanderia steinheili (Forel, 1893)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710347/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Map 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7CFFE654C53754FE45FB16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7CFFE654C53754FE45FB16" blockId="14.[247,1386,833,1246]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
This species is found in tropical areas of Central, South America and some Caribbean islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE655323771FE16FCB6" author="KEMPF W." box="[256,428,868,895]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref23025" refString="KEMPF W., 1972. - Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||||
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|
||||
, 1972
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE655F23770FD2BFCB6" author="BRANDAO R." box="[448,657,868,895]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="319 - 412" refId="ref20933" refString="BRANDAO R., 1991. - Adendos ao catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 35: 319 - 412." type="journal article" year="1991">
|
||||
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, 1991
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||||
</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE656973770FC0FFCB6" author="BOLTON B. & ALPERT G. & WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P." box="[677,949,868,895]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref20890" refString="BOLTON B., ALPERT G., WARD P. S. & NASKRECKI P., 2006. - Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758 - 2005. Harvard University Press, USA. CD - ROM." type="book" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE656973770FCB0FCB5" baselines="888,888" box="[677,778,869,895]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Bolton" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BOLTON</smallCapsWord>
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6572B3770FCDFFCB6" box="[793,869,868,894]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE657E33771FB6DFCB6" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[977,1239,868,894]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE657E33771FB6DFCB6" box="[977,1239,868,894]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nylanderia steinheili</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was likely introduced to the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7CFFE655F93792FD1CFC69" box="[459,678,903,929]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
20-30 years ago. It was collected for the first time in
|
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<quantity id="4CBD9B653E7CFFE6511F379DFEB4FC0D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.087619999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="2003.0">2003 in</quantity>
|
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the Humid Zone of
|
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7CFFE6563B37BEFD2AFC0D" box="[521,656,939,965]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE6569237BEFC14FC0D" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[672,942,939,965]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7CFFE6569237BEFCAFFC0B" box="[672,789,939,965]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
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</smallCapsWord>
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6572C37BEFCD9FC0D" box="[798,867,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Since then it has been found in the dry and humid areas and on six islands in the archipelago including in areas that are invaded by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE654C537E7FE7FFBC3" baseAuthorityName="Roger" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[247,453,1010,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Wasmannia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auropunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE654C537E7FE7FFBC3" box="[247,453,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">W. auropunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE6563A37E4FD20FBC3" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[520,666,1009,1035]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Solenopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6563A37E4FD20FBC3" box="[520,666,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. geminata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It has been found nesting under stones, logs, and rotten trunks. Workers were collected in gardens,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE6573B3000FC36FBE6" box="[777,908,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6573B3000FC36FBE6" box="[777,908,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. guajava</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forest and open areas of urban, natural and cultivated zones.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE655CB3022FD4FFB99" baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[505,757,1079,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nylanderia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE655CB3022FD4FFB99" box="[505,757,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nylanderia steinheili</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also reported from shade–grown coffee zones and associated with anthropogenic areas. Its behavior in other parts of the world suggests that it is not a threat for the fauna of the archipelago (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE657363068FC40FB5F" author="VARGAS G. A. & RIVERA F. L. & ARMBRECH I." box="[772,1018,1149,1175]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="61 - 66" refId="ref25866" refString="VARGAS G. A., RIVERA F. L. & ARMBRECH I., 2006. - Effect of the physiological stress in two species of ants (Formicidae) that inhabit coffee plantations with and without shade. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 32 (1): 61 - 66." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE657363068FCD6FB5E" baselines="1168,1169" box="[772,876,1149,1175]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Vargas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7CFFE657363068FCD6FB5E" box="[772,876,1149,1175]" country="Venezuela" name="Vargas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">VARGAS</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE65740306BFC0EFB5F" box="[882,948,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE65037306BFADEFB5F" author="MCGLYNN T. P. & KIRKSEY S. E." box="[1029,1380,1149,1176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="629 - 642" refId="ref23711" refString="MCGLYNN T. P. & KIRKSEY S. E., 2000. - The effects of food presentation and microhabitat upon resource monopoly in a ground - foraging ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) community. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 48: 629 - 642." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE65037306BFB3DFB5E" baselines="1169,1169" box="[1029,1159,1149,1176]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MCGLYNN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE65099306BFAADFB5E" baselines="1169,1169" box="[1195,1303,1150,1176]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kirksey" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">KIRKSEY</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE654C530B4FE26FB73" author="REYES J. L." box="[247,412,1185,1211]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="44 - 47" refId="ref24821" refString="REYES J. L., 2010. - Comunidad de hormigas sinantropicas en Santiago de Cuba (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Cocuyo, 18: 44 - 47." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE654C530B4FEFDFB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[247,327,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Reyes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">REYES</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE6559C30B4FCB7FB73" author="KALLAL R. J. & LAPOLLA J. S." box="[430,781,1185,1211]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref22981" refString="KALLAL R. J. & LAPOLLA J. S., 2012. - Monograph of Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the World, Part II: Nylanderia in the Nearctic. Zootaxa, 3508: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE6559C30B4FDA8FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[430,530,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Kallal" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">KALLAL</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE6567630B4FD02FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[580,696,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="La" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">LAPOLLA</smallCapsWord>
|
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, 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE6572D30B4FB83FB73" author="HERRERA H. W. & LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W." box="[799,1081,1184,1211]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="72 - 81" refId="ref22619" refString="HERRERA H. W., LONGINO J. T. & DEKONINCK W., 2014. - New records of nine ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the Galapagos Islands. The Pan - Pacific Entomologist, 90 (2): 72 - 81." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
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<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE6572D30B4FC29FB71" baselines="1204,1204" box="[799,915,1185,1211]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Herrera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
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<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7CFFE6572D30B4FC29FB71" box="[799,915,1185,1211]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">HERRERA</collectingRegion>
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</smallCapsWord>
|
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6579230B4FC50FB72" box="[928,1002,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), however a monitoring program is suggested.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
252
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252
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE456193597FD79FE54" author="SMITH F." box="[555,707,386,412]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7EFFE454C535B3FD51FE08" box="[247,747,422,448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C535B3FD51FE08" blockId="12.[247,747,386,448]" box="[247,747,422,448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7EFFE454CD35B3FE3CFE08" box="[255,390,422,448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173216). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E7EFFE456A035B3FD58FE08" box="[658,738,422,448]" captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="13.[247,293,1004,1025]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" captionTargetId="figure-31@13.[247,1386,178,983]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Map 9. Distribution of Camponotus macilentus Smith, 1877." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710341/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Map 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7EFFE454C535C0FD8DFAA2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C535C0FEC1FC70" blockId="12.[247,1386,469,953]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
This endemic and nocturnal species is uncommon in the archipelago. It was collected for the first time by Charles Darwin in 1835 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4568F35ECFCE3FDDB" author="SMITH F." box="[701,857,505,531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4568F35ECFCB1FDDA" baselines="524,525" box="[701,779,505,531]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Smith" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SMITH</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1877
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4575635ECFC61FDDA" baselines="524,525" box="[868,987,505,531]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4500735ECFB6AFDDB" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[1077,1232,505,531]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref23454" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1984. - Changes in the native fauna of Galapagos Islands following invasion by the little red fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 21: 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="1984">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4500735ECFB3BFDDA" baselines="524,525" box="[1077,1153,505,531]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is known mainly from dry areas and is rarely found in the humid zones. It is distributed on 13 islands and is known to nest under rocks, and in hollow twigs in dry branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450B73655FA8AFD91" box="[1157,1328,575,601]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450B73655FA8AFD91" box="[1157,1328,575,601]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C53676FE23FDB4" box="[247,409,611,636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C53676FE23FDB4" box="[247,409,611,636]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
previously inhabited by termites (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4570C3677FC0DFDB3" baselines="629,630" box="[830,951,610,636]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919, 1924). It has been observed collecting honeydew from scale insects on the trunks and stems of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450B83690FD96FD0A" authority="O. Hamann & Wiumand" authorityName="O. Hamann & Wiumand" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gordilloi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450B83690FAD3FD57" box="[1162,1385,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scalesia gordilloi</emphasis>
|
||||
O. Hamann & Wiumand
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and it has been reported visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4504B36BCFB65FD0A" box="[1145,1247,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4504B36BCFB65FD0A" box="[1145,1247,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450C736BCFADBFD0A" box="[1269,1377,680,707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="molle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450C736BCFADBFD0A" box="[1269,1377,680,707]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. molle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C536D9FEC9FD2D" box="[247,371,715,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C536D9FEC9FD2D" box="[247,371,715,742]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. cordata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456FA36D9FC80FD2D" box="[712,826,715,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456FA36D9FC80FD2D" box="[712,826,715,742]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4574736D9FC45FD2D" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[885,1023,715,741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4574736D9FC45FD2D" box="[885,1023,715,741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4503D36D9FB0AFD2E" author="MEIER R." box="[1039,1200,716,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4503D36D9FBDAFD2C" baselines="735,735" box="[1039,1120,716,742]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4508E36D9FADEFD2E" author="BOADA R." box="[1212,1380,715,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4508E36D9FAAFFD2C" baselines="735,735" box="[1212,1301,716,742]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE454C536FAFE25FCC0" baselines="770,770" box="[247,415,751,777]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mc" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MCMMULLEN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2011, 2012).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4566836FAFCBEFCC0" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[602,772,750,777]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4566836FAFCBEFCC0" box="[602,772,750,777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected from mangroves (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450EF36FBFEEAFCE3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450EF36FBFEEAFCE3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhizophora mangle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7EFFE4556B3707FECAFCE4" box="[345,368,786,812]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455B63707FDA1FCE3" box="[388,539,786,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Laguncularia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455B63707FDA1FCE3" box="[388,539,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. racemosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456043707FD67FCE3" box="[566,733,785,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456043707FD67FCE3" box="[566,733,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456DD3707FC21FCE3" box="[751,923,785,812]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Castela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456DD3707FC21FCE3" box="[751,923,785,812]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. galapageia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, under trees of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4506D3707FAB6FCE3" box="[1119,1292,785,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4506D3707FAB6FCE3" box="[1119,1292,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and in undergrowth (like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455D63723FDEFFC87" box="[484,597,821,847]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455D63723FDEFFC87" box="[484,597,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">I. triloba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and ferns. It has also been collected in areas dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C5374DFDE0FCBA" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[247,602,856,882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C5374DFE67FCBA" box="[247,477,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Psychotria rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4565D374CFD5DFCBA" box="[623,743,856,882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4565D374CFD5DFCBA" box="[623,743,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456CD374DFC71FCBA" box="[767,971,856,882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456CD374DFC71FCBA" box="[767,971,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. microcephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE457D0374DFB30FCBA" box="[994,1162,856,882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE457D0374DFB30FCBA" box="[994,1162,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450E7374CFAD8FCBA" box="[1237,1378,856,882]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450E7374CFAD8FCBA" box="[1237,1378,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. juliflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C5376EFDA3FC5D" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,537,891,917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C5376EFDA3FC5D" box="[247,537,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
apparently is strongly associated with forests of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450513769FAB2FC5D" box="[1123,1288,891,917]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450513769FAB2FC5D" box="[1123,1288,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(HWH, pers. obs.).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C537DBFD8DFAA2" blockId="12.[247,1385,974,1386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Recent sampling (on volcanoes Alcedo and Darwin) show that the species is abundant in better conserved areas.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455FE37E4FD4AFBC3" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[460,752,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455FE37E4FD4AFBC3" box="[460,752,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could be threatened by invasive species on Baltra, Floreana, Española and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7EFFE456293001FD18FBE6" box="[539,674,1044,1070]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
islands. It was collected for the last time on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4981F8623E7EFFE450F63001FAF0FBE6" box="[1220,1354,1044,1070]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in the Littoral Zone in 1996 and in the Humid Zone in 2001 and has not been found since then despite intensive collections in all vegetation zones (using a large number of collecting methods) over the last 12 years.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4568E306BFCD1FB50" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[700,875,1149,1176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="473 - 493" refId="ref23495" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1985. - Studies of the Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata in a Nino year. In: ROBINSON G. AND DEL PINO E. M. (eds). - El Nino en las Islas Galapagos: el Evento de 1982 - 1983. Charles Darwin Foundation, Quito, 473 - 493." type="book chapter" year="1985">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4568E306BFCB2FB5E" baselines="1169,1169" box="[700,776,1150,1176]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
(1985)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
suggested a probable displacement of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C530B4FE27FB72" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,413,1184,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C530B4FE27FB72" box="[247,413,1184,1211]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
due to the invasion of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456F730B4FB5AFB72" authority="(Nylander, 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[709,1248,1184,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456F730B4FBB8FB72" box="[709,1026,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tetramorium bicarinatum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Nylander, 1846)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
during the Niño event of 1982–1983 on Española.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456E030D1FC49FB16" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[722,1011,1220,1246]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456E030D1FC49FB16" box="[722,1011,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is extremely shy and prefers to escape fast when threatened. In natural habitats it is preyed upon by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4502930FDFB06FAC9" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1880" box="[1051,1212,1255,1281]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Tmarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stolzmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4502930FDFB06FAC9" box="[1051,1212,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. stolzmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a crab–spider present in littoral, dry and transition zones, especially in shrubs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4503A311FFADFFAEC" authority="(LUBIN, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="LUBIN" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1032,1381,1290,1316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Simaroubaceae" genus="Castela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galapageia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4503A311FFB08FAEC" box="[1032,1202,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. galapageia</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE450F2311FFAE6FAEC" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[1216,1372,1290,1316]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="18 - 19" refId="ref23425" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1983. - An ant - eating crab spider from the Galapagos. Noticias de Galapagos, 37: 18 - 19." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE450F2311FFAB4FAEB" baselines="1309,1310" box="[1216,1294,1290,1316]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C53138FDA0FA8F" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,538,1325,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C53138FDA0FA8F" box="[247,538,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a complex of at least 12 subspecies (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE457C83138FBC9FA8E" baselines="1344,1345" box="[1018,1139,1325,1351]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919, 1924, 1933), that requires further study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
322
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Normal file
322
data/03/EC/87/03EC87963E7EFFE654C53199FB86FD04.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
|
|||
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<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7EFFE454C53199FD35FA6E" box="[247,655,1420,1447]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C53199FD35FA6E" blockId="12.[247,762,1420,1482]" box="[247,655,1420,1447]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C53199FD35FA6E" ID-CoL="5X8JM" authority="Smith, 1877" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,655,1420,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
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<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C53199FE4AFA6F" bold="true" box="[247,496,1420,1447]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE455C53199FD35FA6E" author="SMITH F." box="[503,655,1420,1446]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7EFFE454C531A5FD40FA02" box="[247,762,1456,1482]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C531A5FD40FA02" blockId="12.[247,762,1420,1482]" box="[247,762,1456,1482]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED54AE453E7EFFE454CD31A5FE3CFA02" box="[255,390,1456,1482]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ANTWEB</collectionCode>
|
||||
: CASENT0173221). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137E2A053E7EFFE456A331A5FD4BFA02" box="[657,753,1456,1482]" captionStart="Map 10" captionStartId="13.[247,293,1907,1928]" captionTargetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-42@13.[247,1386,1081,1886]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Map 10. Distribution of Camponotus planus Smith, 1877." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710343/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Map 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35F650B3E7EFFE654C531CAFB86FD04" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE454C531CAFD30F8DB" blockId="12.[247,1385,1503,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C531CAFE51FA31" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,491,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C531CAFE51FA31" box="[247,491,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is an endemic diurnal species (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE457B231CAFC43FA30" baselines="1522,1523" box="[896,1017,1503,1529]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4506C31F5FAB9FA31" author="MEIER R." box="[1118,1283,1503,1530]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4506C31F5FB14FA30" baselines="1523,1523" box="[1118,1198,1504,1530]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was collected for the first time by Charles Darwin in 1835 and so far it is recorded on 17 islands. It is common in the Littoral Zone and mangrove patches (foraging between the leaf litter), and it can also be found in dry areas. It is not common in the humid highland zones. It nests in the roots of trees, shrubs,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456263279FD18F94E" box="[532,674,1644,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456263279FDCDF94E" box="[532,631,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Opuntia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE456893279FC8EF94D" baselines="1663,1664" box="[699,820,1644,1670]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924), under rocks, and in dry branches of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C53285FE27F961" box="[247,413,1679,1705]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C53285FE27F961" box="[247,413,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and rotten logs.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE45646329AFCDDF961" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[628,871,1679,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE45646329AFCDDF961" box="[628,871,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been recorded feeding on extrafloral nectaries of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455BE32A7FE44F904" box="[396,510,1714,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echios">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455BE32A7FE44F904" box="[396,510,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">O. echios</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456C632A6FCC4F904" baseAuthorityName="MEIER" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[756,894,1714,1740]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Jasminocereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456C632A6FCC4F904" box="[756,894,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">J. thouarsii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE457BD32A7FB8AF904" author="MEIER R." box="[911,1072,1714,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="74 - 180" refId="ref24043" refString="MEIER R., 1994. - Coexisting patterns and foraging behavior of introduced and native ants (Hymenoptera Formicidae) in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). In: WILLIAMS D. F. (ed.). - Exotic ants: biology, impact and control of introduced species. Westview Press, Boulder, 74 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE457BD32A7FC5AF903" baselines="1733,1734" box="[911,992,1714,1740]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Meier" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MEIER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE4500F32A6FAE6F904" author="JARAMILLO P. & TRIGO M. M. & RAMIREZ E. & MAUCHAMP A." box="[1085,1372,1714,1741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="21 - 25" refId="ref22868" refString="JARAMILLO P., TRIGO M. M., RAMIREZ E. & MAUCHAMP A., 2010. - Insect pollinators of Jasminocereus thouarsii, an endemic cactus of the Galapagos Islands. Galapagos Research, 67: 21 - 25." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE4500F32A6FB7DF903" baselines="1734,1734" box="[1085,1223,1715,1741]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Jaramillo" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">JARAMILLO</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450FD32A6FAA9F904" box="[1231,1299,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||||
2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), tending mealy bugs on stems of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456BA32C0FCFFF927" box="[648,837,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atractyloides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456BA32C0FCFFF927" box="[648,837,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. atractyloides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4576432C0FC65F927" box="[854,991,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gordilloi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4576432C0FC65F927" box="[854,991,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. gordilloi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and visiting flowers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4513A32C0FAD3F927" box="[1288,1385,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4513A32C0FAD3F927" box="[1288,1385,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE454CD32EDFEC3F8D9" baselines="1803,1804" box="[255,377,1784,1810]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7EFFE455E632ECFDC7F8DB" author="BOADA R." box="[468,637,1784,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="77 - 88" refId="ref20757" refString="BOADA R., 2005. - Insects associated with endangered plants in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Entomotropica, 20: 77 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7EFFE455E632ECFD97F8D9" baselines="1804,1804" box="[468,557,1785,1811]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Boada" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BOADA</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7EFFE654C5333DFAAEFEA9" blockId="12.[247,1386,1832,1929]" lastBlockId="14.[247,1386,186,353]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Workers have been collected in areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE45706333DFC7AF88A" box="[820,960,1832,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scouleri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE45706333DFC7AF88A" box="[820,960,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. scouleri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE457E5333DFB18F88A" box="[983,1186,1832,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Scalesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE457E5333DFB18F88A" box="[983,1186,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. microcephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4508B333CFAD8F88A" box="[1209,1378,1832,1858]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Macraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laricifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4508B333CFAD8F88A" box="[1209,1378,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. laricifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C53359FE27F8AD" box="[247,413,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="graveolens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C53359FE27F8AD" box="[247,413,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B. graveolens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE455833359FD9CF8AD" box="[433,550,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fagara">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE455833359FD9CF8AD" box="[433,550,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Z. fagara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE45608335EFD24F8AD" box="[570,670,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lutea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE45608335EFD24F8AD" box="[570,670,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. lutea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE456D63359FCEEF8AD" box="[740,852,1868,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Waltheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE456D63359FCEEF8AD" box="[740,852,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">W. ovata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4575A3359FC58F8AD" box="[872,994,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4575A3359FC58F8AD" box="[872,994,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE457C43359FB25F8AD" box="[1014,1183,1867,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Darwiniothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lancifolius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE457C43359FB25F8AD" box="[1014,1183,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D. lancifolius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE450863359FADBF8AD" box="[1204,1377,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosericea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE450863359FADBF8AD" box="[1204,1377,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. rufosericea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE454C5337AFE18F840" box="[247,418,1902,1928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Hippomane" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mancinella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE454C5337AFE18F840" box="[247,418,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H. mancinella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE45583337AFDF3F840" box="[433,585,1903,1928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octogona">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE45583337AFDF3F840" box="[433,585,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. octogona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4566A337AFD42F840" box="[600,760,1902,1928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Pisonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4566A337AFD42F840" box="[600,760,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. floribunda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7EFFE4573A337AFC42F840" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[776,1016,1902,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7EFFE4573A337AFC42F840" box="[776,1016,1902,1929]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has also been found on sandy beaches with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE655AE34AFFC99FF1C" authority="Hook. f." authorityName="Hook. f." box="[412,803,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Sesuvium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edmondstonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE655AE34AFFD0DFF1C" box="[412,695,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sesuvium edmondstonii</emphasis>
|
||||
Hook. f.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE6576D34AFFC45FF1C" box="[863,1023,186,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Cryptocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6576D34AFFC45FF1C" box="[863,1023,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in the shrub layer dominated by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE6551234C8FDFFFF30" authority="Jacq." authorityName="Jacq." box="[288,581,221,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Dodonaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6551234C8FDBBFF3F" box="[288,513,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dodonaea viscosa</emphasis>
|
||||
Jacq.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE656BA34C8FCA3FF3F" box="[648,793,221,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE656BA34C8FCA3FF3F" box="[648,793,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">O. insularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in fern zones (like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE6502B34C8FADEFF30" authority="Kunze" authorityName="Kunze" box="[1049,1380,221,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Polypodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tridens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE6502B34C8FAB2FF3F" box="[1049,1288,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Polypodium tridens</emphasis>
|
||||
Kunze
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE654C53514FCE0FED2" authority="(Willd) Hicken" authorityName="Hicken" baseAuthorityName="Willd" box="[247,858,256,283]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Doryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="pedata" variety="palmata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE654C53514FE5CFED2" box="[247,486,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Doryopteris pedata</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE656193515FD34FED2" box="[555,654,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">palmata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Willd) Hicken
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), on shrubs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE650293514FB66FED2" box="[1051,1244,256,282]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Lantana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peduncularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE650293514FB66FED2" box="[1051,1244,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. peduncularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in grasses covered with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE655973531FDACFEF5" box="[421,534,291,317]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE655973531FDACFEF5" box="[421,534,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">I. triloba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and herbs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE656E43536FBBFFEF5" authority="C. Presl." authorityName="C. Presl." box="[726,1029,291,318]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="salviifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE656E43536FC2BFEF5" box="[726,913,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sida salviifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
C. Presl.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE650243531FAB1FEF5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[1046,1291,291,318]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE650243531FAB1FEF5" box="[1046,1291,291,318]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also common in branches and leaves of mangroves (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE657073552FC6CFEA8" box="[821,982,327,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="germinans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE657073552FC6CFEA8" box="[821,982,327,353]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. germinans</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE657D73552FBC0FEA8" box="[997,1146,327,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Laguncularia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE657D73552FBC0FEA8" box="[997,1146,327,352]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L. racemosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE650BB3552FAB9FEA8" box="[1161,1283,326,352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mangle">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE650BB3552FAB9FEA8" box="[1161,1283,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R. mangle</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E7FFFE554C537F9FCE3FBC8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710341" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710341" box="[247,857,1003,1025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710341/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[247,293,1004,1025]" targetBox="[251,1382,182,979]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7FFFE554C537F9FCE3FBC8" blockId="13.[247,857,1003,1025]" box="[247,857,1003,1025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Map 9. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7FFFE555ED37F9FCEFFBC8" authority="Smith, 1877" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[479,853,1003,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7FFFE555ED37F9FD6BFBC8" box="[479,721,1003,1025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Camponotus macilentus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7FFFE556E537FEFCEFFBC8" author="SMITH F." box="[727,853,1003,1025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF3A66083E7FFFE554C53366FC86F840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13710343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13710343" box="[247,828,1907,1929]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13710343/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[247,293,1907,1928]" targetBox="[251,1382,1085,1884]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7FFFE554C53366FC86F840" blockId="13.[247,828,1907,1929]" box="[247,828,1907,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Map 10. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7FFFE555DE3366FC82F840" authority="Smith, 1877" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[492,824,1907,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7FFFE555DE3366FD0EF840" box="[492,692,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7FFFE556883366FC82F840" author="SMITH F." box="[698,824,1907,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="82 - 84" refId="ref25103" refString="SMITH F., 1877. - Account of the zoological collection made during the visit of H. M. s. ' Petrel' to the Galapagos Islands. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Proceedings Zoo 1 ogical Society of London, 1877: 82 - 84." type="journal article" year="1877">Smith, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BFA36803E7CFFE654C53562FB86FD04" blockId="14.[247,1386,374,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE654C53562FE5DFE58" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[247,487,374,401]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE654C53562FE5DFE58" box="[247,487,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reacts quickly when the nest is disturbed. In natural areas it can be preyed upon by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE65553358FFDBEFE7B" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1880" box="[353,516,409,435]" class="Arachnida" family="Thomisidae" genus="Tmarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stolzmanni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE65553358FFDBEFE7B" box="[353,516,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">T. stolzmanni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a crab–spider (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE656F7358CFCDEFE7B" author="LUBIN Y. D." box="[709,868,409,436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="18 - 19" refId="ref23425" refString="LUBIN Y. D., 1983. - An ant - eating crab spider from the Galapagos. Noticias de Galapagos, 37: 18 - 19." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE656F7358CFCA9FE7A" baselines="428,429" box="[709,787,409,435]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lubin" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">LUBIN</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1983
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Males and queens can be abundant in the hot–rainy season (December–May), especially near the coast, where nuptial flights occur. It can also be found during the cold season (June–November), though it is less active (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE650DA35F5FADBFE31" baselines="499,500" box="[1256,1377,480,506]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1924). Males and queens can be collected around lights of lamps in the streets, houses and on ships.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE655763633FD89FD88" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[324,563,550,576]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE655763633FD89FD88" box="[324,563,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been found traveling on tourist boats suggesting that they play a role in species transfer between islands (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD44B713E7CFFE656C6365CFC1AFDAB" author="LOMAS E." box="[756,928,585,611]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23319" refString="LOMAS E., 2008. - Dispersion de insectos por las luces de los barcos en las islas Galapagos: Una prioridad de conservacion. Universidad Central del Ecuador, Puerto Ayora, 93 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE656C6365CFCF6FDAA" baselines="604,605" box="[756,844,585,611]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Lomas" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">LOMAS</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Despite its wide distribution in the archipelago
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE655BF3679FDB8FD4E" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[397,514,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE655BF3679FDB8FD4E" box="[397,514,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has not been collected on Pinta, Genovesa and Española, however the ant fauna of these islands is poorly studied.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C454D033E7CFFE657263685FBBCFD61" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1877" box="[788,1030,655,682]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B931EA923E7CFFE657263685FBBCFD61" box="[788,1030,655,682]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Camponotus planus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a complex of at least nine subspecies (
|
||||
<smallCapsWord id="8D1CA05C3E7CFFE655BA36A7FDB8FD03" baselines="709,710" box="[392,514,690,716]" lowerCaseFontSize="9" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Wheeler" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">WHEELER</smallCapsWord>
|
||||
, 1919, 1924, 1933), that requires further study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue