diff --git a/data/03/83/87/038387E79978FFB3FEB9FC98A65AFDE3.xml b/data/03/83/87/038387E79978FFB3FEB9FC98A65AFDE3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b0599334d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/83/87/038387E79978FFB3FEB9FC98A65AFDE3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,327 @@ + + + +Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from south-western China + + + +Author + +Li, Meng-Yu +Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; + + + +Author + +Yang, Ding +Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China + + + +Author + +Li, Wei-Hai +Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +645 +655 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2354960 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2354960 +1464-5262 +13219599 + + + + + + +Amphinemura yadonga +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + + + + + + +Type material + + + + +Holotype +. + +1♂ +, +China +, +Xizang +Autonomous Region +, +Yadong County +, + +3400 m + +, +27.538°N +, +88.990°E +, + +12 July 2018 + +, leg. +Zhu Ya-Jun +( +CAU +). + + + + + +Paratypes +. + +2♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +, same data as the holotype + +. + + + + +Description + + +Adult habitus. +Body colour brown to dark brown. Head, compound eyes black; mouthparts brown, and palpi yellow; antennae brown. Thorax brown to dark brown; pronotum dark brown but anterolateral portion brownish; legs light brown, tarsi darker. Wing membranes subhyaline with brown veins. Abdomen brown with darker terminalia. + + +Male. +( +Figures 3a–d +, +4 +, + +5g +–l + +). Forewing length +5.3–6.3 mm +, hindwing length +4.7–5.3 mm +. Tergum IX ( +Figures 3a +, +4a +) sclerotised except medial portion distinctly sclerotised, rather constricted medially, with a row of long hairs along posterior margin. Vesicle of sternum IX ( +Figure 3b +) claviform, slightly constricted basally, weakly swollen medially, apex slender. Hypoproct ( +Figure 3b +) slightly sclerotised, basally wide and square, medially gradually tapering to nipple-like apex but with a subapical bulge. Tergum X ( +Figures 3a +, +4a +) sclerotised, a large medial membranous concavity present beneath epiproct, covered by scattered spinules along lateral margins of concavity. Cercus ( +Figure 3a, b +) slightly sclerotised, nearly cylindrical, with dense hairs, much longer than wide. Epiproct ( +Figures 3a, c +, +4 a, c, d +, + +5g +–i + +) long and recurved; medial portion slightly enlarged and basally portion sclerotised. Dorsal sclerite with a pair of strongly sclerotised filaments originating from wide basal brown band. Ventral sclerite with a triangular, sharp ridge fringed with several spines. Paraproct ( +Figures 3b, d +, +5j +) trilobed: inner lobe rectangular, moderately long, apex bilobed; median lobe claviform, distally strongly upcurved, with a subapical membranous area and 8–10 long black spines; outer lobe forming an s-shaped sclerite, much shorter than median lobe, apex with 2–3 shorter black spines. + + + +Figure 3. + +Amphinemura yadonga +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(a–c) male terminalia (dorsal view; ventral view; lateral view); (d) right paraproct, posterior view; (e) female terminalia, ventral view; (f) cleared female genital sclerites, dorsal view. + + + +Female. +( +Figures 3e–f +, +5k–l +). Forewing length 6.5–7.0 mm, hindwing length 5.5–6.0 mm. Sternum VII ( +Figures 3e +, +5k +) posteriorly produced into a large sclerotised oval pregenital plate, covering anterior half of sternum VIII. Subgenital plate of sternum VIII ( +Figures 3e +, +5k +) with a pair of thin, sclerotised, transverse bars, separated by a narrow triangular notch. Paragenital plate paired, forming small brown lobes near posterolateral corner of subgenital plate. Sternum IX ( +Figures 3e +, +5k +) sclerotised, anteromedially triangularly produced. Paraprocts wide triangular, with blunt tip; cerci short and brownish. + + + +Figure 4. + +Amphinemura yadonga +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(a) male terminalia, dorsal view; (b) right paraproct, dorsal view; (c) epiproct, dorsal view; (d) epiproct apex, dorsal view. + + + +Inner genitalia ( +Figures 3f +, +5l +) in dorsal view, originating from under the subgenital plate, opening narrow and triangular; anterior shield sub-equally trilobed, lateral lobes each fused with a slender triangular anterolateral sclerites, the lobe also contacting a drop-shaped posterolateral sclerite and larger membranous triangular lobe beside the medial pouch; the pouch is from the medial lobe of anterior shield and ending in a tubular sclerite extended to the receptacle and primary genital organs; a pair of round mesolateral sclerites located between posterolateral sclerites and anterolateral corners of subgenital plate. + + +Nymph + +Unknown. + + + +Figure 5. + +Amphinemura bicolorata +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(a–f) and + +Amphinemura yadonga +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(g–l). (a, g) male epiproct, dorsal view; (b, h) cleared male epiproct, dorsal view; (c, i) male terminalia, lateral view; (d, j) male right paraproct, posterior view; (e, k) female terminalia, ventral view; (f, l) cleared female genital sclerites, dorsal view. + + + + +Etymology + + +The specific name refers to the +type +locality, Yadong County. + + + + +Remarks + + +The new species is similar to + +A. dentata +Zwick, 1977 + +, a species described from +Bhutan +. The two species share a dorsal surface of epiproct and outer lobe of paraproct. However, + +A. yadonga + +can be easily separated from + +A. dentata + +by the bilobed inner paraproct lobe, and the trifid apex of outer lobe of paraproct. In + +A. dentata + +, both the outer lobe of paraproct and inner paraproct lobe are entire (figs. +13–14 in +Zwick 1977 +). Additionally, their ventral sclerites are superficially similar but differ in detail: in + +A. yadonga + +, the ventral sclerite of the epiproct forms a spinose ridge while in the Bhutanese species, + +A. dentata + +, the ventral sclerite has a single, large fang (fig. +16 in +Zwick 1977 +). + + +The female of + +A. yadonga +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +can be easily distinguished from females of the hitherto known Oriental + +Amphinemura +species + +on the basis of the distinctive shape of the subgenital plate. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/83/87/038387E7997DFFBFFEB1FDAAA79DFD1E.xml b/data/03/83/87/038387E7997DFFBFFEB1FDAAA79DFD1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bda951c782c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/83/87/038387E7997DFFBFFEB1FDAAA79DFD1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ + + + +Two new species of Amphinemura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from south-western China + + + +Author + +Li, Meng-Yu +Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; + + + +Author + +Yang, Ding +Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China + + + +Author + +Li, Wei-Hai +Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +645 +655 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2354960 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2354960 +1464-5262 +13219599 + + + + + + +Amphinemura bicolorata +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + + + + + + +Type material + + + + +Holotype +. + +1♂ +, +China +, +Xizang +Autonomous Region +, +Chayu County +, +Yare +, + +2417 m + +, +28.670°N +, +97.471°E +, + +13 June 2019 + +, leg. +Yang Qi-Cheng +( +CAU +). + + + + + +Paratypes +. + +4♂♂ +, +4♀♀ +, same data as the holotype + +. + + + + +Description + + +Adult habitus. +Body colour dark brown. Head mostly black, with a brown band between posterior ocelli; compound eyes black; antennae brown, scape and pedicel black; palpi brownish; head wider than pronotum; pronotum nearly quadrate, with scattered rugosities, anterior corners rounded; legs: femora dark brown, tibia and tarsi brownish. Wing membranes subhyaline, veins brown to dark brown. Abdominal segments brown with darker terminalia. + + +Male. +( +Figures 1a–d +, +2 +, +5a–d +). Forewing length +6.8–8.2 mm +, hindwing length +5.2–7.2 mm +. Tergum IX ( +Figures 1a +, +2a +) sclerotised, but lateral area darker, with subtriangular anteromedial indentation, and with two paramedial groups of small spines and several long bristles present along posterior margin. Slender vesicle of sternum IX ( +Figure 1b +) claviform, length 3.0× maximum width, basally and medially slightly constricted. Hypoproct subrectangular basally, medially slightly swollen and then gradually narrowing towards nipple-like tip. Tergum X ( +Figures 1a +, +2a +) darkly sclerotised, with a membranous concavity below the epiproct, two irregular rows of stout, small black spines on either side of the epiproct. Cercus ( +Figure 1a, b +) slightly sclerotised laterally, short, cylindrical, weakly curved inward, about as long as 2.5× maximum width. Epiproct ( +Figures 1a, c +, +2 a, c, d +, +5a–c +) subrectangular with rounded apex. Dorsal sclerite with a slender and slightly curved lateral arms ending before a radial row of short wrinkles along apex. Ventral sclerite dark and strongly sclerotised, located medially and narrow in dorsal view, slightly broad at base, tapering towards tip, ventrally enlarged into a wide triangular ridge with rows of tiny black spines.Paraproct ( +Figures 1b, d +, +2b +, +5d +) trilobed: inner lobe sclerotised, nearly rectangular and moderately long; median lobe long and narrow, distinctly sclerotised, apex strongly curved upward and outward, with two rows of black spines in a curved arrangement, slightly swollen tip; outer lobe bicoloured, slender and darkly sclerotised at base, distal half pale and membranous, distinctly curved outward apically. + + + +Figure 1. + +Amphinemura bicolorata +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(a–c) male terminalia (dorsal view; ventral view; lateral view); (d) right paraproct, posterior view; (e) female terminalia, ventral view; (f) cleared female genital sclerites, dorsal view. + + + +Female. +( +Figures 1e–f +, +5e–f +). Forewing length 8.0 mm, hindwing length +6.8 mm +. Sternum VII ( +Figures 1e +, +5e +) produced in a large sclerotised pregenital plate, posterior margin widely rounded, covering anterior half of sternum VIII and inner slcerite. Sternum VIII ( +Figures 1e +, +5e +) forms sclerotised subquadrate subgenital plate with a small triangular posterior notch, posteromedial area pale and lightly sclerotised, contrasting the mostly dark brown plate. Paragenital plate ( +Figures 1e +, +5e +) paired, forming subquadrate brown lobes connected with posterolateral corner of subgenital plate and the lateral portion thickened ending in margin of the segment. Sternum IX ( +Figures 1e +, +5e +) weakly sclerotised, medially produced. Paraprocts wide triangular, with blunt tip; cerci short and brownish. + + + +Figure 2. + +Amphinemura bicolorata +Li, Yang and Li + +, + +sp. n. + +(a) male terminalia, dorsal view; (b) right paraproct, dorsal view; (c) epiproct, dorsal view; (d) epiproct apex, dorsal view. + + + +Inner genitalia ( +Figures 1f +, +5f +) in dorsal view, opening under the posteromedial notch of the subgenital plate, having a basal pouch, a pair of obliquely triangular anterolateral sclerites, the sclerite with bifurcate apex attached to the pouch, and the anterolateral sclerite of the subgenital plate; the pouch anteriorly ends in longitudinal tube-like sclerite directed into receptacle; a pair of round mesolateral sclerites located between anterolateral sclerites and anterolateral corners of subgenital plate. + + +Nymph + +Unknown. + + + +Etymology + +The Latin specific epithet refers to the bicoloured outer lobe: ‘bi’ meaning two and ‘coloratus’ meaning coloured. + + + +Remarks + + +The new species resembles + +A. exigua +Zwick, 1977 + +, a species described from +Bhutan +. The two species share a similar ventral sclerite of epiproct, and median lobe of paraproct that is armed with apical row of spines. However, + +A. bicolorata + +can be easily separated from + +A. exigua + +by narrower apex of dorsal sclerite of epiproct and by the outer lobe of paraproct which lacks apical spines. In + +A. exigua + +, the outer lobe of paraproct is fringed with a row of apical spines; dorsal sclerite of epiproct is expanded subapically (figs. +21–24 in +Zwick 1977 +). + + +The female of + +A. bicolorata + + +sp. n. + +is generally similar to + +A. pulchra +Zwick, 1977 + +from +Bhutan +; distinction must rely on the size of subgenital plate and may be confirmed also by the examination of inner sclerite: in + +A. pulchra + +(fig. +37 in +Zwick 1977 +), subgenital plate is much larger, covering nearly half width of sternum 8, and the inner sclerite lacks the distinct pair of anterolateral sclerites present in + +A. bicolorata + + +sp. n. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE1FFE1B125FB3CFEF8FA1E.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE1FFE1B125FB3CFEF8FA1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b02b7451693 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE1FFE1B125FB3CFEF8FA1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Oryzorictes tetradactylus +Milne-Edwards and A. Grandidier, 1882 + + + +Attributed material: Inner recess (Superficial): 1 cranium. Upper Stratum: 70 maxillae and maxillary fragments; 81 mandibular rami; see Appendix. + + + +As in other genera, the anterior dentition is less frequently preserved than molars, with incisors rarely and canines occasionally present. + +Deciduous incisors were present on the anterior cranium of +one specimen +, but judging by the dentition, and by measurements, most of the +Children’s Cave +subfossils are adult and fit within the variability of the modern species ( +Figure 13 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE3FFE0B1E9FA77FED2FBD1.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE3FFE0B1E9FA77FED2FBD1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5457c3835a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE3FFE0B1E9FA77FED2FBD1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,259 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Nesogale dobsoni +(Thomas, 1884) + + + +Attributed material: Inner recess (superficial): 1 mandibular ramus. Upper Stratum: 2 crania; 5 mandibular rami. Lower Stratum: 2 anterior crania; 5 maxillary fragments; 7 mandibular rami; see Appendix for details. + + + +Although the skulls of + +N. dobsoni + +are relatively robust in comparison with + +Microgale + +, the anterior parts of the skull are rarely preserved amongst the subfossil material. Deciduous premolars are present in +two specimens +and two others respectively exhibit an erupting p4 (Stage 2 according to +MacPhee 1987 +) and canine (Stage 4); however, the dentition of other specimens is apparently adult based on premolar and molar dentition. + + + +Table 5. +Comparative measurements of the mandible of modern and Children’s Cave subfossil specimens of + +Oryzorictes + +and + +Nesogale + +in millimetres. Range: minimum and maximum values, mean = average value, N = number of specimens measured. MH: mandible height; ARL: ascending ramus length. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpeciesMHARL
+ +Nesogale dobsoni +Modern + +N = 61N = 61
Range7.0–8.56.7–8.3
Mean7.737.42
+ +Nesogale dobsoni + +Children’s Cave +N = 11N = 11
Range6.8–8.06.5–8.1
Mean7.627.24
+ +Nesogale talazaci +Modern + +N = 72N = 72
Range8.5–9.68.2–10.3
Mean9.29.36
+ +Oryzorictes tetradactylus +Modern + +N = 18N = 18
Range5.5–6.86.6–7.9
Mean6.17.46
+ +Oryzorictes tetradactylus + +Children’s Cave +N = 46N = 47
Range5.5–6.86.6–8.2
Mean6.157.33
+ +Oryzorictes hova +Modern + +N = 20N = 20
Range6.1–7.67.3–9.1
Mean6.928.12
+ + +Few specimens of + +N. dobsoni + +occur in the Children’s Cave subfossil remains in comparison to the other species of +Oryzorictinae +(2.5% of the identified remains). + +Nesogale dobsoni + +is relatively common in museum collections and Major collected contemporary live specimens from several humid forest localities but not, however, from Antsirabe or nearby localities ( +Jenkins and Carleton 2005 +). However, + +N. dobsoni + +was found in fresh owl pellets at Antsifotrakely ( +MacPhee 1987 +). In comparison with modern specimens from other localities, we find that the Children’s Cave specimens fit within the species’ variability ( +Figure 12 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE4FFE5B1E2FC33FE18FA2B.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE4FFE5B1E2FC33FE18FA2B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..488deee2fb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE4FFE5B1E2FC33FE18FA2B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Microgale cowani +Thomas, 1882 + + + +Attributed material: Upper Stratum: 134 maxillary fragments, 346 mandibular rami; see Appendix. + + + +No intact maxillae were observed amongst + +M. cowani + +; a few specimens exhibit premolar eruption, while one individual shows a mixture of deciduous and erupting teeth. No deciduous teeth are evident in the mandibular rami of + +M. cowani + +, but a few specimens show p2 or p +4 in +the process of eruption (Stage 2) and several with p3 erupting (Stage 3). Since the anterior region of the mandible is more fragile than the posterior region and the deciduous dentition more readily lost than the permanent dentition, it is difficult to judge what age classes are present in the subfossil sample. Toothwear of the molars is one criterion used as an approximate method for ageing mammals. Four wear classes were established indicating increasing maturity: unworn molars with clearly defined cusps in juveniles and young adults, slightly worn molars in older adults, and worn and very worn molars which indicate old individuals. The results for the mandibular rami of + +M. cowani + +showed that the proportions for three of the wear classes are roughly equivalent: 19% with worn or very worn molars, 23% with no wear and with cusp pattern clearly visible, 24% showing wear and the fourth category with a slightly higher proportion, 34%, with moderately well-defined cusps and slight wear. + + + +Table 4. +Comparative measurements of the mandible of modern and Children’s Cave subfossil species of + +Microgale + +in millimetres. Range: minimum and maximum values, mean = average value, N = number of specimens measured. MH: mandible height; ARL: ascending ramus length. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpeciesMHARL
+ +Microgale cowani +Modern + +N = 126N = 123
Range4.4–5.44.7–5.7
Mean4.835.11
+ +Microgale cowani + +Children’s Cave +N = 106N = 106
Range4.25–5.314.43–5.48
Mean4.864.99
+ +Microgale pusilla +Modern + +N = 15N = 14
Range3.6–4.03.1–3.7
Mean3.763.53
+ +Microgale pusilla + +Children’s Cave +N = 35N = 35
Range3.36–4.123.19–4.22
Mean3.823.65
+ + + +Figure 9. +Differences in mandible size between the two subfossil species of + +Microgale + +recovered from Children’s Cave. Measurements in millimetres. ARL: ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height. + + + +There is no variation in size of the mandibular ramus between Modern and subfossil specimens of + +M. cowani + +(see +Figure 10 +). The few contemporary specimens of + +M. cowani + +collected by Major at Antsirabe and Andranobe, from the area near the Children’s Cave, group towards the upper part of the range of the subfossils on ARL but the mid-part of the range on MH (see +Figure 10 +); however, the sample size is too small for this observation to have any significance. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE5FFE3B1CCFA6EFCCCFCC1.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE5FFE3B1CCFA6EFCCCFCC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a46aaffcc52 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFE5FFE3B1CCFA6EFCCCFCC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Microgale pusilla +Major, 1896 + + + +Attributed material: Upper Stratum: 143 maxillae and maxillary fragments, 49 mandibular rami; see Appendix. + + + +Two specimens +of + +M. pusilla + +with intact maxillae exhibit the third premolar (P4) in process of eruption (Stage 2 of +MacPhee 1987 +), in two others the second incisor (I2) or P3 is erupting (MacPhee’s Stage 3) and in +two specimens +the canines are erupting (Stage 4). + + +ARL + + + +M. cowani M. cowani +Children's Cave +M. cowani Antsirabe + + + + +Figure 10. +Measurements of subfossil specimens of + +Microgale cowani + +from the Children’s Cave in comparison with modern representatives of the species. Measurements in millimetres. ARL: ascending ramus length; MH: mandible height. + + + +A few specimens of + +M. pusilla + +exhibit dp2, dp3 or dp4, and in +one specimen +p3 is in process of erupting (Stage 3). + + +Major described + +M. pusilla + +based on specimens he collected from two localities in southeastern +Madagascar +, while recognising that subfossil remains in the Children’s Cave, for which he had previously used the label name ‘ +parva +’, belonged to the same taxon. + +Microgale pusilla + +is relatively rarely represented in museum collections and these museum specimens cluster within the lower to mid-part of the range of the Children’s Cave subfossils on ARL ( +Figure 11 +). No contemporary living specimens of + +M. pusilla + +were collected by Major from Antsirabe and the surrounding area, which suggests either that the species was not present or poorly represented in the area at that time or that it proved difficult to trap, perhaps because of its small size. Modern methods of standard pitfall trapping at other locations have also shown low abundance for this species where, if present, it is recorded mostly from one and rarely by three or +four specimens +. However, remains of this species were identified in fresh owl pellets at Antsifotrakely, a small rock shelter in Antsifotra volcano (approx. +19.857°S +, +46.902°E +), +5 km +E of Betafo and approximately +10–18 km +W of Antsirabe ( +MacPhee 1987 +). The species has also been recorded from four Central Highlands Protected Areas sites, at Ambohitantely, Tsinjoarivo-Ambalaomby, Ibity and Itremo ( + +Goodman +et al +. 2000 + +; Goodman +et al +. 2018; +Goodman and Soarimalala 2004 +). + + +ARL + + + +M. pusilla M. pusilla +Children's Cave + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF3FFF0B185FA6BFD08FA0B.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF3FFF0B185FA6BFD08FA0B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16ef4144b05 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF3FFF0B185FA6BFD08FA0B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Brachyuromys ramirohitra +Major, 1896 + + + +This species can be diagnosed by its long molar row and wide M1. The crown is higher and the link between lophs appears only in very worn specimens. The three lophs of M1–2 are very oblique. The m3 is long and narrow. + + +Attributed material: Lower Stratum: 1 skull fragment and 2 left mandibles; see Appendix. + + +Figure 2. +Rodent dental material of + +Brachyuromys ramirohitra + +from Children’s Cave. A: Upper maxillary NHMUK PV M 105613 with right M1–M2 and left M1–M3, B: Left mandible NHMUK PV M 105615 with m1–m3. + + + +These specimens are at a relatively advanced stage of wear and are comparatively large for the species. On the M1 one can see three oblique lophs and a slight trace of a longitudinal link between the first and second lophs ( +Figure 2 +). On the lower molars the lophs are also very oblique and there is only a slight trace of the longitudinal link between the second and third lophs of m1. The molar row length and width of M1 fits well with modern specimens ( +Figure 3 +, +Table 1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF9FFF9B1F9FB39FCC5FA24.xml b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF9FFF9B1F9FB39FCC5FA24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f69a24cb6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8C/87/038C87C6FFF9FFF9B1F9FB39FCC5FA24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar + + + +Author + +Denys, Christiane +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Nadine W. +Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Lalis, Aude +Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; + + + +Author + +Jenkins, Paulina +Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-07-15 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +796 +839 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 +1464-5262 + + + + + + +Setifer setosus +(Schreber, 1778) + + + +Attributed material: Superficial: 1 mandibular ramus. Upper Stratum: 1 maxillary fragment, 5 mandibular rami; see Appendix. + + +It was difficult to age these specimens in which few teeth remained in situ, but from their size, two were possibly adult. + +Major collected living specimens from Antsirabe from April to early +May 1895 +during the same period that he was working in the Children’s Cave. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/92/87/0392879C1C182556EFBDFC57FE09F961.xml b/data/03/92/87/0392879C1C182556EFBDFC57FE09F961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..91eaf078ee1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/92/87/0392879C1C182556EFBDFC57FE09F961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ + + + +Telenomus nizwaensis Polaszek sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): availability of the species name + + + +Author + +Polaszek, Andrew + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-27 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +771 +774 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2360471 + +journal article +300747 +10.1080/00222933.2024.2360471 +f28981a4-21f2-4ee6-966b-ddcffeb8e788 +1464-5262 +13219686 + + + + + + +Telenomus nizwaensis +Polaszek + + +sp. n. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +1A2DCC9A-3D76-44BB-94E2-ABCE73ED6734 + + + + + + +Telenomus nizwaensis +Polaszek + +in + +Polaszek +et al +. 2021 + +, figs. 1–12 (unavailable name). + + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype +♂ +: +OMAN +, +Al Jabal Al Akhdar +(part of the +Hajar mountain range +in +Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate +of +Oman +; capital city of +Nizwa +); + +June 2015 + +ex eggs of +D +eudorix + +livia + +. +R. Al Shidi +and +A. Al-Riyami +col. DNA1309: A14; genitalia mounted separately on microscope slide ( +NHMUK 013377700 +; HYM 9.1024) + +. +Paratypes +: +5♀ +20♂ +, same data as +holotype +( +3♀ +[2 sputter-coated for scanning electron microscopy] +10♂ +, +NHMUK +013378214–03378227; +1♀ +1♂ +ONHM +, +1♀ +1♂ +USNM +). + + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + +Telenomus nizwaensis + +can be distinguished from all species for which CO1 barcode sequences are available (about 40) by its unique barcode sequence, which has been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MT635051–MT635053. The 28S sequence is also unique among + +Telenomus +species + +having 28S sequences available in GenBank (about 30). The 28S sequences have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MT636558–MT636560. Female + +T. nizwaensis + +are morphologically unique, being the only species known so far in the + +T. californicus + +complex with papillary sensilla present only on the last four antennomeres (last five antennomeres in other species of the complex). + + + + +Description + + + +Colour ( +holotype +): + +almost entirely dark brown-black, with the following paler: apices of all tibiae; basitarsi. Wings hyaline. + + + +Morphology ( +holotype +): + +Vertex smoothly rounded onto occiput; entire vertex with deep reticulate sculpture; occiput entirely smooth, occipital carina present, higher and weaker centrally; hyperoccipital carina absent; frons smooth, reticulate sculpture present between lower inner eye margins and toruli; interantennal process and frontal depression absent. Frons moderately convex between inner orbits and toruli; eyes setose; malar region smooth; malar sulcus present; gena with reticulate sculpture behind eyes. Antennae 11-merous. + +Mesoscutum flattened, entirely reticulately sculptured except posterior lateral corners (above axillae) which are smooth; scutellum mostly smooth; axillae smooth. Lateral portion of scutoscutellar sulcus foveolate. Length of intercoxal space longer than fore coxae. Netrion present as area of smooth surface sculpture, delimited dorsally by weak indication of netrion sulcus. Mesopleural pit deep, slightly transverse, with weak sulcus extending towards tegula. Acropleural sulcus more or less continuous, the foveae almost completely merged; acetabular carina short, without post-acetabular sulcus (ie no foveae present; post-acetabular patch clearly indicated, setose; episternal foveae absent; metapleural carina broadly foveolate; metapleural sulcus indicated as a weak, shallow groove posterior to the metapleural pit; anteroventral surface of metapleuron with a series of fine grooves that extend towards the acutely pointed anteroventral extension. Metascutellum (= dorsellum) with deep, regular reticulation in anterior half and weak longitudinal carinae in posterior half, interstices smooth. + +Metasoma: +T1 with 1 pair of sublateral setae, 2 pairs of lateral setae. Basal costae on T1 reaching its posterior margin centrally; basal costae on T2 present as a row of foveae. Ventral metasoma entirely smooth, a pair of large setae close to the posterior margin of S2; many smaller setae present on laterotergites centrally. + + +Genitalia. +Central projection absent; digiti large relative to aedeagal lobe (about half its length); aedeagal lobe 0.40× length aedeagovolsellar shaft, truncate. Digiti with 3 digital teeth. Basal ring comprising 0.30× length of entire aedeagus. + + +Variation. Length +0.71–0.79 mm +. Extensive variation in colour with many specimens, including +paratypes +with the metasoma lighter than in the +holotype +. Morphologically extremely uniform. + + +Female: +Morphologically similar to male with the main exception of the antenna. Clava present and 4-merous, papillary sensilla on A8(1); A9(2); A10(2); A11(1). F1 slightly longer than wide, all other antennomeres wider than long, except A11 (terminal claval segment). + + +Species-group placement. + +Telenomus californicus + +complex. + + + + +Host. +Known from the eggs of its natural host, + +Deudorix livia + +( +Lepidoptera +: +Lycaenidae +). Observations of emergence from eggs of other hosts require confirmation. + + + + +Distribution. +Oman +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C571C323FF78FBADB50F9EA3.xml b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C571C323FF78FBADB50F9EA3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8105fd3fa4c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C571C323FF78FBADB50F9EA3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,332 @@ + + + +A new genus of Oecobiinae (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Iran and Central Asia + + + +Author + +Zamani, Alireza +Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + + + +Author + +Marusik, Yuri M. +Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; & Department of Biocenology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia; & Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; + + + +Author + +Fomichev, Alexander A. +Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia & Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +737 +749 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 +1464-5262 +13219690 +82D1AB7B-551C-4F78-B344-01A26075505C + + + + + + +Turanobius tadzhikus +( +Andreeva and Tyshchenko, 1969 +) + + +comb. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 1, 2 +, +8–10, 2 3–28 +) + + + + + + + +Oecobius tadzhikus +Andreeva and Tyshchenko, 1969: 376 + + +, fig. 3 ( +♂ +♀ +). + + + + + +Oecobius tadzhikus + +: + +Andreeva 1976: 22 + +, figs 19–22 ( +♂ +♀ +); + + +Marusik +et al +. 2015: 198 + + +, figs 1– 12 ( +♂ +♀ +); + +Fomichev 2022: 104 + +, fig. 2A–E ( +♂ +). + + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +♀ +( +ZISP +), +TAJIKISTAN +: + +Khatlon Region + +: +Chiluchor Chashma +, +37.294194°N +, +68.039306°E +, under stones on slope, + +8 May 1965 + +( +E. Martynova +) + +. +Paratypes +: +1♂ +1♀ + +3 juv +. + +( +ZISP +), same data as for the holotype [examined]. + + +Other material. + +TAJIKISTAN +: + +Khatlon Region + +: +1♂ +( +MMUE +), +Shaartuz district +, Babatag Mt + +. ridge, +37.075806°N +, +68.019611°E +, +427 m +, under bushes, +20 April 2015 +(Y.M. Marusik). + + + + +Diagnosis. +The male of + +T. tadzhikus + +differs from those of the congeners by the mesal arm of the radix shorter than the thin prolateral one (vs both arms of equal lengths and/or broad), and by having the longest prolateral loop of the spermophor (3 times longer than wide, vs <3) (see +Figures 9 +, +15, 17, 19 +and +10 +, +20–22 +). The female of + +T. tadzhikus + +differs from that of + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +by the length/width ratio of the area formed between the insemination ducts (ca. 3, vs 5; see +Figures 23, 29 +). + + + + +Figures 1–7. +General appearance of + +Turanobius tadzhikus + +comb. n. +(1, 2), + +T. ferdowsii + +comb. n. +(3, 4), + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +(5, 6) and + +T. hissaricus + + +sp. n. + +(7). 2–5, 7 – male; 1, 6 – female. 1–3, 5–7 – dorsal; 4 – ventral. 1, 2 and 3, 4 reproduced from + +Marusik +et al. +(2015) + +and +Fomichev (2022) +, respectively. Scale bars: 1 mm. + + + + +Description. +See + +Marusik +et al +. (2015) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Confidently known only from the south-western part of +Khatlon Region +in south-western +Tajikistan +( +Andreeva and Tyshchenko 1969 +; +Andreeva 1975 +, +1976 +; present material) ( +Figures 35, 36 +). In our opinion, the records of this species from +Turkmenistan +by +Mikhailov and Fet (1994) +are misidentifications and may belong to + +T. ferdowsii + +comb. n. +(see also + +Marusik +et al +. 2015 + +; +Fomichev 2022 +). The record from Gandzhina ( +Tajikistan +) by +Andreeva (1976) +is based on juvenile specimens and is therefore also doubtful; it is possible that these specimens belong to + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +, which has been collected from a nearby locality ( +Figure 36 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C572C325FEBBF9A6B6DC98A5.xml b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C572C325FEBBF9A6B6DC98A5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a3424f7ec93 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C572C325FEBBF9A6B6DC98A5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +A new genus of Oecobiinae (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Iran and Central Asia + + + +Author + +Zamani, Alireza +Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + + + +Author + +Marusik, Yuri M. +Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; & Department of Biocenology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia; & Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; + + + +Author + +Fomichev, Alexander A. +Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia & Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +737 +749 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 +1464-5262 +13219690 +82D1AB7B-551C-4F78-B344-01A26075505C + + + + + +Genus + +Turanobius +Zamani, Marusik & Fomichev + + +gen. n. + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Oecobius tadzhikus +Andreeva and Tyshchenko, 1969 + +. + + + + +Etymology. +A combination of Turan ‒ a historical region in Central Asia ‒ and + +Oecobius + +; gender masculine. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The males of the new genus differ from those of + +Oecobius + +sensu stricto +by having two anterior loops and one prolateral loop of spermophor (vs one anteroprolateral and no prolateral loop), and bifurcate radix (vs non-bifurcate). The females of the new genus differ from those of + +Oecobius + +sensu stricto +by having a kind of scape, under which the copulatory openings are located (vs no scape). + + + + +Description. +Total length +2.18‒2.88 in +males, +2.15‒3.08 in +females. Male palp: bulb longer than wide; spermophor forms two semiround loops in the anterior part: pro- ( +Pl +) and retrolateral ( +Rl +), and one deep posteroprolateral ( +Pp +); radix ( +Ra +) with bifurcate tip; terminal apophysis ( +Ta +) large and broad; basoprolateral part of tegulum with extension ( +Te +) bearing extra loop and anteroprolateral part of radix with extension ( +Re +) directed over tegular extension. Epigyne: epigynal plate slightly wider than long, weakly sclerotised; anterior half with rounded curved wrinkles; posterior part with kind of scape ( +Sc +), well sclerotised, with copulatory openings located under it; insemination ducts ( +Id +) long, almost parallel, well visible through integument; receptacles composed of three parts: oval chamber ( +Or +), wide tubular part ( +Tr +) and weakly sclerotised sac part ( +Sr +); fertilisation chamber ( +Fc +) transverse, longer than wide, with thinning in median part, foot-like in posterior view. + + +Composition. +Four species: + +T. ferdowsii +(Mirshamsi, +Zamani and Marusik, 2017 +) + +comb. n. +, + +T. hissaricus + + +sp. n. + +, + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +, and + +T. tadzhikus +( +Andreeva and Tyshchenko, 1969 +) + +comb. n. + + + + +Distribution. +North-eastern +Iran +, south-western and southern +Kazakhstan +, south-western and western +Tajikistan +; most likely also present in +Turkmenistan +(see ‘Comments’ under + +T. tadzhikus + +) ( +Figures 35, 36 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C575C32FFEA2FA7DB6D59D97.xml b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C575C32FFEA2FA7DB6D59D97.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c27eafbcd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C575C32FFEA2FA7DB6D59D97.xml @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ + + + +A new genus of Oecobiinae (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Iran and Central Asia + + + +Author + +Zamani, Alireza +Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + + + +Author + +Marusik, Yuri M. +Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; & Department of Biocenology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia; & Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; + + + +Author + +Fomichev, Alexander A. +Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia & Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +737 +749 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 +1464-5262 +13219690 +82D1AB7B-551C-4F78-B344-01A26075505C + + + + + + +Turanobius leptonychus +Zamani, Marusik & Fomichev + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 5, 6 +, +14, 15 +, +20 +, +29–34 +) + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +♂ +( +ZMMU +), +TAJIKISTAN +: + +Khatlon Region + +: env. of +Khuruson +, +38.179056°N +, +68.661694°E +, clay cliff, + +724 m + +, + +3 May 2015 + +( +Y.M. Marusik +) + +. + +Paratypes +: +8♂ +1♀ +( +ZMMU +), same data as for the holotype; +1♂ +( +MMUE +), +TAJIKISTAN +: + +Khatlon Region + +: deep clay canyon on road from +Pyandzh Town +to +Pyandzh Karatau Mt + +. ridge, +37.298611°N +, +69.159194°E +, +430 m +, +4 May 2015 +(Y.M. Marusik). + + + + +Figures 23–34. +Epigyne of + +Turanobius tadzhikus + +comb. n. +(23–28) and + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +(29–34). 23, 29 – intact, ventral; 24 – intact, posterior; 25, 28, 32, 33 – macerated, dorsal; 26, 30, 31 – macerated, ventral; 27, 34 – macerated, posterior. Abbreviations: +Fc +– fertilisation chamber, +Fd +– fertilisation duct, +Id +– insemination duct, +Or +– oval chamber of the receptacle, +Sc +– scape, +Sr +– sack-like chamber of the receptacle, +Tr +– tubular part of the receptacle. 23–28 reproduced from + +Marusik +et al. +(2015) + +. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is a combination of the Greek terms +lepto +- (meaning ‘thin’) and - +onychus +(meaning ‘clawed’), referring to the shape of the extension of terminal apophysis of the male palp. + + + + +Figures 35–36. +Distribution records of the species of + +Turanobius + +gen. n. +Square – + +T. tadzhikus + +comb. n. +; diamond – + +T. ferdowsii + +comb. n. +; inverted triangle – + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +; triangle – + +T. hissaricus + +sp. n +;? – doubtful records. The square box in Figure 35 encloses the area of Figure 36. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The male of this species differs from the congeners by having thin and sharply pointed radical arms which are equal in length (see +Figures 9 +, +15, 17, 19 +). The female of + +T. leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +can be distinguished from that of + +T. tadzhikus + +by the length/width ratio of the area formed between the insemination ducts (ca. 5, vs 3; see +Figures 29, 23 +). + + + + +Description. +Male ( +holotype +). Habitus as in +Figure 5 +. Total length 2.37. Carapace 0.95 long, 1.03 wide. AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PME 0.11, PLE 0.06. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium and maxillae light yellowish beige; carapace with dark markings medially; sternum with dark greyish marginal bands. Legs coloured as carapace, with distinct dark greyish annulations. Abdomen dorsally mottled with white guanine spots and dark brown median pattern and scattered patches, ventrally light beige with black markings medially and posteriorly. ALS and PLS dark greyish dorsally and pale beige ventrally, PMS uniformly pale beige. Measurements of legs: I: 3.49 (0.95, 0.34, 0.74, 0.78, 0.68), II: 3.49 (0.96, 0.35, 0.77, 0.79, 0.62), III: 3.60 (0.99, 0.37, 0.83, 0.86, 0.55), IV: 3.99 (1.08, 0.39, 0.89, 0.98, 0.65). + + +Palp as in +Figures 14, 15 +, +20 +; prolateral loop ( +Pl +) short, ca. 1.5 times longer than wide; radical arms thin finger-like, several times longer than wide, subequal in length. + + +Female. Habitus as in +Figure 6 +. Total length 2.15. Carapace 0.85 long, 0.90 wide. AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.08, PLE 0.06. Colouration as in male, dark markings more prominent. Measurements of legs: I: 3.02 (0.84, 0.38, 0.61, 0.67, 0.52), II: 3.23 (0.96, 0.33, 0.66, 0.66, 0.62), III: 3.18 (0.91, 0.33, 0.70, 0.74, 0.50), IV: 3.57 (1.06, 0.33, 0.77, 0.85, 0.56). + + +Epigyne as in +Figures 29–34 +; epigynal plate ca. 1.25 times wider than long; anterior half with roundly curved transversal wrinkles; insemination ducts visible through integument, long, parallel; length/width ratio of rectangular area formed between insemination ducts ca. 5; ‘scape’ in macerated epigyne ( +Figures 30–34 +) somewhat T-shaped; sac parts of receptacles large, rounded, and contiguous ( +Figures 32, 33 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the listed localities in +Khatlon Region +, south-western +Tajikistan +( +Figures 35, 36 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C577C321FF63F9AFB3979EEC.xml b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C577C321FF63F9AFB3979EEC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cbb7dfde8e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C577C321FF63F9AFB3979EEC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,353 @@ + + + +A new genus of Oecobiinae (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Iran and Central Asia + + + +Author + +Zamani, Alireza +Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + + + +Author + +Marusik, Yuri M. +Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; & Department of Biocenology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia; & Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; + + + +Author + +Fomichev, Alexander A. +Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia & Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +737 +749 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 +1464-5262 +13219690 +82D1AB7B-551C-4F78-B344-01A26075505C + + + + + + +Turanobius ferdowsii +(Mirshamsi, +Zamani and Marusik, 2017 +) + + +comb. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 3, 4 +, +11–13 +, +18, 19 +, +2 2 +) + + + + + + +Oecobius ferdowsii +Mirshamsi, Zamani and Marusik + +, in + + +Zamani +et al +. 2017: 333 + + +, fig. 2A–D ( +♂ +; +♀ +mismatched per + +Zamani and Marusik 2023: 1697 + +). + + + + + +Oecobius ferdowsii + +: + +Fomichev 2022: 104 + +, fig. 1A–H ( +♂ +). + + + + + +Figures 14–19. +Male palp of + +Turanobius leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +(14, 15), + +T. hissaricus + + +sp. n. + +(16, 17) and + +T. ferdowsii + +comb. n. +(18, 19). 14, 16, 18 – retrolateral; 15, 17, 19 – ventral. 18, 19 reproduced from +Fomichev (2022) +. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +♂ +( +ZMFUM +), +IRAN +: + +Razavi Khorasan Province + +: +Mashhad +, +36.395833°N +, +59.388333°E +, + +20 June 2015 + +( +M. Hatami +) [not examined]. + + + +Other material. + +KAZAKHSTAN +: + +Mangystau Region + +: +1♂ +( +ISEA +), Ustyurt Plateau, Mamekkazgan Guard Post, near Karazhar Well, +43.407778°N +, +54.559444°E +, inside building + +, + + + +Figures 20–22. +Male palp of + +Turanobius leptonychus + + +sp. n. + +(20), + +T. hissaricus + + +sp. n. + +(21) and + +T. ferdowsii + +comb. n. +(22), prolateral. 22 reproduced from +Fomichev (2022) +. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. + + + + + +80 m + +, + +14 April 2018 + +( +A.A. Fomichev +); + +Turkistan Region + +: +1♂ +( +ZMUT +), near +Arys River +, +42.323667°N +, +69.528417°E +, + +24 April–5 May 1988 + +( +D.V. Logunov +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The male of + +T. ferdowsii + +differs from those of the congeners by the arms of radix relatively short, blunt, and of equal size (vs long, pointed, of different sizes) (see +Figures 9 +, +15, 17, 19 +). + + + + +Description. +For male, see + +Zamani +et al +. (2017) + +and +Fomichev (2022) +. The female is currently unknown (see ‘Comments’). + + + + +Comments. +Zamani and Marusik (2023) +found that the females described and listed as belonging to this species by + +Zamani +et al +. (2017) + +were mismatched. These specimens were described as a separate species, + +Oecobius melanocephalus +Zamani and Marusik, 2023 + +. Following this, the specimen illustrated in fig. 3A of +Zamani and Bosselaers (2020) +belongs to + +O. melanocephalus + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +Razavi Khorasan Province +in north-eastern +Iran +and Mangystau and Turkistan regions in south-western and southern +Kazakhstan +( + +Zamani +et al +. 2017 + +; +Fomichev 2022 +; present study). It is possible that the doubtful records of + +T. tadzhikus + +from +Turkmenistan +( +Mikhailov and Fet 1994 +) belong to this species ( +Figure 35 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C57AC32EFE6DFF2DB6D59FC3.xml b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C57AC32EFE6DFF2DB6D59FC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..04dd52eefdc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9D/AE/039DAE56C57AC32EFE6DFF2DB6D59FC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + + + +A new genus of Oecobiinae (Araneae: Oecobiidae) from Iran and Central Asia + + + +Author + +Zamani, Alireza +Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + + + +Author + +Marusik, Yuri M. +Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; & Department of Biocenology, Institute for Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia; & Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; + + + +Author + +Fomichev, Alexander A. +Department of Zoology and Physiology, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia; & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia & Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +737 +749 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2357852 +1464-5262 +13219690 +82D1AB7B-551C-4F78-B344-01A26075505C + + + + + + +Turanobius hissaricus + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 7 +, +16, 17 +, +21 +) + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +♂ +( +ZMMU +), +TAJIKISTAN +: + +Region of Republican Subordination + +: +Hissar Mts. +, +Romit State Nature Reserve +, + +1.5 km +W of Soni Vill. + +, +38.833333°N +, +69.433333°E +, + +1750 m + +, + +5 July 2019 + +( +S.L. Zonstein +). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet refers to the +type +locality of the new species in the Hissar mountain range. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The male of the new species differs from those of the congeners by the arms of radix wide and sharply pointed, with the mesal one longer than the prolateral one (vs arms thin, or blunt, or equal in size, or mesal one shorter; see +Figures 9 +, +15, 17, 19 +). + + + + +Description. +Male. Habitus as in +Figure 7 +. Total length 2.88. Carapace 1.05 long, 1.30 wide. AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.11, PLE 0.07. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium and maxillae light yellowish beige; carapace with faint dark markings medially. Legs coloured like carapace, with distinct dark greyish annulations. Abdomen dorsally mottled with white guanine spots and dark brown median pattern and scattered patches and stripes, ventrally light beige with black markings posterolaterally. ALS and PLS dark greyish dorsally and pale beige ventrally, PMS uniformly pale beige. Measurements of legs: I: 4.46 (1.25, 0.43, 0.97, 0.98, 0.83), II: 4.63 (1.26, 0.46, 0.98, 1.09, 0.84), III: 4.90 (1.30, 0.43, 1.08, 1.22, 0.87), IV: 4.90 (1.39, 0.34, 1.16, 1.19, 0.82). + + +Palp as in +Figures 16, 17 +, +21 +; radix with broad wide finger-like arms of almost same length; prolateral loop of spermophor ca. 1.67 times longer than wide. + +Female. Unknown. + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the +type +locality in Romit State Nature Reserve, western +Tajikistan +( +Figures 35, 36 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D450A58BA26FB23FB37FCAB.xml b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D450A58BA26FB23FB37FCAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc3635e7da1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D450A58BA26FB23FB37FCAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ + + + +The bee genus Borgatomelissa Patiny, 2000 (Anthophila: Andrenidae: Panurginae) with the description of a new species from northern Oman, and a key to species + + + +Author + +Monks, Joseph +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Polaszek, Andrew +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Al-Jahdhami, Ali A. +Plant Protection Department, Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries, Samed Ashan, Oman & Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +674 +687 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 +1464-5262 +13219633 + + + + + + +Borgatomelissa flavimaura +Ortiz-Sánchez and Patiny + + + + + + +( +Figures 7 +and +8 +) + + +New country record +: + +OMAN +: +Al Batinah North +, +Wadi Al Haimaly Road +, +27 + +.ii +.2020, A + +. +Al-Jahdhami +leg + +; + +SYRIA +: N. +ar-Raqqa +Mishirfeh, +04 + +.vi +.2000, K. Deneš leg, det. T. Wood 2022, coll +. Linz +. + + +Note. + +Although this species shows considerable variation in colouration among the +three specimens +of the three collecting localities ( +Morocco +, +Oman +, and +Syria +), especially on the metasoma, no morphological differences could be found between these specimens + +. Therefore, until males from the three countries are collected and the genitalia are examined, and/or DNA barcodes are obtained, the +Oman +( +Figure 7 +) and Syrian specimens ( +Figure 8 +) are identified as + +B. flavimaura + +. + + + + +Figure 7. + +Borgatomelissa flavimaura +Ortiz-Sánchez and Patiny + +collected in Oman. + + + + +Figure 8. + +B. flavimaura +Ortiz-Sánchez and Patiny + +collected in Syria, with a much paler metasoma than the Omani specimen. + + + + + +Key to + +Borgatomelissa species + + + + + + + +1. Minute-sized, pale species (≤ +7 mm +body length) with shaggy hairs on the mesoscutum ...................................................................................................... + +B. flavimaura + + + + + +- Medium-sized species (~ +9–12 mm +body length) with dense appressed hairs on the mesoscutum, longer hairs if present confined to the anterior of the mesoscutum .... 2 + + + + + + +2. All tergites dark brown; mesoscutellum under appressed hairs completely black ......... .............................................................................................................................................. + +B. niveopilosa + + + + +- T1–3 extensively yellow or red; mesoscutellum with either yellow spots or a yellow transverse band .................................................................................................................................... 3 + + + + +- Face lemon yellow; epistomal line between inner subantennal sutures relatively straight; outer subantennal suture joins the epistomal suture before this curves downwards laterally; yellow spots on the vertex adjacent to the lateral ocelli ............... ............................................................................................................................................. + +B. samailensis + + + + + +- Face ivory; epistomal line between inner subantennal sutures strongly curved; outer subantennal suture joins the epistomal suture after this curves downwards laterally; vertex black, lacking any yellow spots adjacent to the outer ocelli ........ + +B. brevipennis + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D480A5BBA86FD30FE88FBEC.xml b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D480A5BBA86FD30FE88FBEC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6779ac603d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D480A5BBA86FD30FE88FBEC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ + + + +The bee genus Borgatomelissa Patiny, 2000 (Anthophila: Andrenidae: Panurginae) with the description of a new species from northern Oman, and a key to species + + + +Author + +Monks, Joseph +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Polaszek, Andrew +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Al-Jahdhami, Ali A. +Plant Protection Department, Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries, Samed Ashan, Oman & Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +674 +687 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 +1464-5262 +13219633 + + + + + + +Borgatomelissa brevipennis +(Walker) + + + + + + +( +Figures 4–6 +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +A medium-sized species (body length ~ +12 mm +) with an ivory, orange, and black integument. Hairs on the mesoscutellum dense and appressed. Body shape and hair patterns closely resemble those of + +B. samailensis + +. However, the species can be separated by the pale ivory face as opposed to lemon yellow in + +B. samailensis + +as well as differences in the shape of the subantennal sutures and upper margin of the clypeus. + + + +Figure 4. +Head of + +B. brevipennis +(Walker) + +with ivory integument and outer subantennal suture curving outwards, inner subantennal suture curving inwards. + + + + +Figure 5. + +Borgatomelissa brevipennis +(Walker) + +with two pale yellow lateral dots on the mesoscutellum. Metanotum yellow. + + + + +Figure 6. +Prominent black dot on T2 of + +B. brevipennis +(Walker) + +. + + + +Head. +Labrum, clypeus, supraclypeal and paraocular areas below level of antennal pits ivory. Mandibles ivory excluding black apex. Frons and vertex black. Scape pale yellow. Pedicel and flagella red ventrally, brown dorsally. Abundant, white, simple, erect hairs on the lower margin of the mandibles, genae, frons and vertex. Face below antennal pits with loose covering of short white, erect hairs. Outer subantennal suture curves outwards, inner subantennal suture curves inwards ( +Figure 4 +). Upper margin of clypeus curves upwards. Vertex straight, not raised above lateral ocelli. Clypeus viewed laterally flat. Genal width less than half that of compound eye. + + +Mesosoma. +Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with dense covering of pale grey appressed hairs. Anterior third of mesoscutum with long, simple, white hairs breaking through appressed hairs. Long shaggy, simple white hairs covering pronotum, mesepisternum, metepisternum, metanotum and propodeum. Pronotal lobe, pronotum medially and anterior of tegula pale yellow. Mid and posterior half of tegula clear. Two pale yellow lateral dots on the mesoscutellum. Metanotum yellow ( +Figure 5 +). Remaining integument black. Metanotum projecting upwards. Propodeum angulate, with a clear division between the sub-horizontal anterior half and the vertical posterior half. + + +Metasoma. +T1–T3 integument orange with two black lateral dots on T1 and T2. T3 with a central black spot. T4 red. T5 black ( +Figure 6 +). Sparse shaggy white hairs on the anterior face of T1. Appressed white hair bands on the marginal zone of T1 and pregradular and marginal zones of T2–T4 and prepygidial fimbria of T5.T2–T5 with a central appressed line of hairs connecting the hair bands on the pregradular and marginal zones. Pygidial fimbria with dense golden hairs, pygidial plate red anteriorly, black posteriorly. Lateral edges of pygidial plate with a strong carina. S1–S4 with complete shaggy hairbands. + + +Legs and wings. +Legs yellow with a weak white scopa on the hind tibia and basitarsus. Scopal hairs simple. Mid-tibial spur as long as mid basitarsus, serrate with well separated teeth. Tarsal claws bifid. Arolium present. Forewings with three submarginal cells, veins orange. + + +Molecular results. +A barcode sequence was obtained for a single female from +Oman +. Sequence differences between + +B. brevipennis + +and + +B. samailensis + +are summarised in the Molecular results section for the latter species. The raw DNA barcode sequence is available on the BOLD Systems database under BIN URI: BOLD: ADW0607; an edited CO1 sequence as a FASTA file (603 bp) is available on GenBank under accession number OR038199. + + +Note. + +The +specimen proposed as the +neotype +was collected from northern +Oman + +. This specimen was chosen as it conforms to the species concept of +Patiny (2000) +for + +B. brevipennis + +. Furthermore, the specimen is in good condition as well as having been DNA barcoded. + +The +NHMUK +holds +additional specimens +from +Saudi Arabia +, +Egypt +, and +Sudan + +. + +Apart +from the +Sudanese +specimens ( +Nabardi +, +Nubian Desert +), none of these localities is particularly close to the original type locality of the type described by +Walker +as + +Andrena brevipennis + + +. Furthermore, there is some confusion regarding which specimen +Walker (1871) +intended as the type. + +Two type +localities are given with his description: +Harkeko +(? = +Arkiko +, +Eritrea +) and +Tajura +( +Tadjoura +, +Djibouti +) + +. J.K. + +Lord’s +collection was housed in the +Cairo School of Medicine +( +Innes Bey 1911 +) + +. However, by 1884 this collection was mostly destroyed by dermestid beetles, and only the original pins and labels remained: + + +These insects, according to what I was told by the curator of the School’s collections, had been received around 1872 through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Of the entire collection, in 1884 only a few insects remained in poor condition, everything else had been completely destroyed by dermestids. Only the pins bearing the locality and the labels had resisted the repeated attacks of the enemies of the collections and I was able to note all the names and localities in the order in which they had been placed. ( +Innes Bey, 1911 +) + +As the Sudanese specimens are in poor condition, the Omani specimen was considered most suitable. + + + +Material examined. + + +Neotype +female + +. +OMAN +: Ash Sharqiyah, nr. Ibra, +22.725200°N +, +58.5975511°E +, + +407 m + +, + +06.iv.2016 + +, +J. Monks +leg. ( +NHMUK 010819622 +); +New +country records: +EGYPT +: +Ismailia +, + +16.vi.1941 + +, +K.U. Clarke +leg; +SUDAN +: +Om Nabardi Region +, +Nubian Desert +, + +x.1907 + + +; + +Other +material examined: +SAUDI ARABIA +: +Abu Arish +, +25 + +. iii +.1980, K +.M + +. +Guichard +leg; +OMAN +: +Wadi Quryat +, +Ag + +. Stn, +500 m +, + +05 +.iii +.1976 + +, K +.M +. Guichard leg. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D4C0A56BA10FAA3FBC1FDF6.xml b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D4C0A56BA10FAA3FBC1FDF6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e37f8eb71f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/D1/87/03D187E27D4C0A56BA10FAA3FBC1FDF6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,389 @@ + + + +The bee genus Borgatomelissa Patiny, 2000 (Anthophila: Andrenidae: Panurginae) with the description of a new species from northern Oman, and a key to species + + + +Author + +Monks, Joseph +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Polaszek, Andrew +Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + + + +Author + +Al-Jahdhami, Ali A. +Plant Protection Department, Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries, Samed Ashan, Oman & Insect Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-24 + + +58 + + +21 - 24 + + +674 +687 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2350733 +1464-5262 +13219633 + + + + + + +Borgatomelissa samailensis +Monks and Polaszek + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 1–3 +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +A medium-sized species (~ +11 mm +) closely resembling + +B. brevipennis + +but distinguishable by differences in colour, and by the shape of the subantennal and epistomal sutures (see below). The species is separable from the minute + +B. flavimaura + +due to the size as well as the more shaggy, loose hairs on the mesoscutum of the latter species; these are dense and appressed in + +B. samailensis +. +Borgatomelissa + +is separable from other genera in the tribe +Melitturgini +by the combination of three submarginal cells, stigma almost as long as prestigma, only the first segment of the labial palp being long, and the maxillary palp consisting of six segments ( +Michener 2007 +). The genus is similar to + +Meliturgula +Friese + +but can be separated by the presence of dense, short appressed hairs on the mesoscutum of + +Borgatomelissa + +. While + +B. flavimaura + +has long erect hairs scattered amongst the dense, appressed hairs of the mesoscutum, + +Meliturgula + +lacks the extremely dense appressed hairs seen on the mesoscutum of + +Borgatomelissa +species. + +Male + +Borgatomelissa + +can be further distinguished from + +Meliturgula + +by the very slender, long gonostylus (as long as the gonocoxite), while in the latter, the gonostylus is robust and only half or less as long as the gonocoxite. + + + +Table 1. +The known distributions of the four species of +Borgatomelissa +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpeciesDistribution
+ +Borgatomelissa brevipennis +(Walker) + +Oman, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
+Egypt (new country record), Sudan (new country record) +, Niger, +
Mauritania, Mali, Senegal
+ +Borgatomelissa flavimaura + + +Morocco, +Oman (new country record), Syria (new country record) +. +
Ortiz-Sánchez and Patiny
+ +Borgatomelissa niveopilosa +Patiny + +Yemen
+ +Borgatomelissa samailensis +Monks + + +Oman +
+and Polaszek +sp. n. +
+ + + +Figure 1. +Head of + +Borgatomelissa samailensis +Monks and Polaszek + + +sp. n. + +, with lemon yellow integument and straight inner subantennal suture. + + + +Head. +Labrum, clypeus, scape, paraocular and supraclypeal areas lemon yellow ( +Figure 1 +). Frons and vertex black. Mandibles yellow before merging into brown and then black at apex. Genal area yellow before turning black as genal area meets vertex. Two yellow spots adjacent to outer ocelli. Pedicel and flagella yellow ventrally, red dorsally. Clypeus, paraocular area, frons, and vertex very lightly pilose with white hairs. Fringe of white hairs continues along genal area, becoming longer and more erect along the lower hind margin. Fringe of golden hairs present on the ventral side of the mandibles. Tufts of golden hairs present on labrum. Inner subantennal suture almost straight. Outer subantennal suture curves outwards laterally, joining epistomal suture before it curves down laterally. Upper margin of clypeus almost straight. Face with sparse, shallow punctures. Vertex straight, not raised above lateral ocelli. Clypeus viewed laterally flat. Genal width less than half that of compound eye. Inner margin of eye straight. Ocelloccipital distance less than half the width of the posterior ocelli. + + + +Figure 2. +Yellow posterior band along the margin of the mesocutellum and metanotum of + +B. samailensis +Monks and Polaszek + +sp. n. + + + + +Figure 3. +T1–3 of + +B. samailensis +Monks and Polaszek + + +sp. n. + +, red-orange with brown marking medially and posterolaterally. + + + +Mesosoma. +Pronotum, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum highly punctate with small, distinct, regular punctures. Maximum distance between punctures, width of two punctures. Integument of pronotal lobe, anterior half of tegula, and centre of metanotum yellow. Mid and posterior half of tegula clear. Lateral edges of metanotum black. Yellow posterior band along the margin of the mesocutellum and metanotum ( +Figure 2 +). Remainder of the mesosoma with the integument black. Where hair is not abraded, dense appressed white hairs on the mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum. Sparse, erect hairs projecting through the appressed hairs on the anterior of the mesoscutum. Long, shaggy white hairs stretching around the lateral sides of the mesosoma from the pronotum to the propodeum. Metanotum projecting upwards. Propodeum angulate, with a clear division between the sub-horizontal anterior half and the vertical posterior half ( +Figures 2 +and +3 +). + + +Metasoma. +T1–3 red-orange with brown markings medially and posterolaterally ( +Figure 3 +). T4–6 integument is brown. T1 with sparse, long, appressed white hairs on the anterior surface. T2–5 with white, appressed hairs along the pregradular areas. S1–5 with white apical hair bands. Apical bands of S5 strong. Tergites densely punctated throughout although punctures on T5 larger and slightly sparser (distance between punctures more than 2× the width of a single puncture). Weak apical hair bands across all tergites. + + +Legs and wings. +Legs yellow with a weak, pale scopa present on hind tibia and basitarsus. The mid tibia bears one long, serrated tibial spur, extending the whole length of the mid-trochanter. Mid femur flattened and angular ventrally with a row of golden short bristles proximally. Tarsal claws bifid. Arolium present. Wings with three submarginal cells, second and third submarginal shorter than the first. Wing veins orange except vein R black dorsally. + + +Molecular results. +The CO1 barcode sequence of + +B. samailensis + +differs from that of + +B. brevipennis + +by 51 substitutions (of a total of 603 bases in both edited sequences). Of these, 17 = A ˃ T; 14 = T ˃ A; 10 = C ˃ T; 4 = T ˃ C; 3 = A ˃ G; 2 = C ˃ A; 1 = A ˃ C. The substitutions are distributed rather evenly along the sequence with no outstanding region of difference. + + +The raw DNA barcode sequence is available on the BOLD Systems database under BIN URI: BOLD: ACZ0945. The edited CO1 sequence (603 bp) is available on GenBank as a FASTA file under accession number OR038198. Two other specimens of + +B. samailensis + +, also collected in +Oman +(by Jason Gibbs) are currently deposited in the Laurence Packer collection at York University, Toronto, +Canada +. Their DNA sequences have been confirmed (by Laurence Packer) as identical to ours, but are not yet publicly available. + + +Notes. +The +holotype +and +one paratype +were collected from + +Ochradenus aucheri +Boiss + +( +Resedaceae +) in a low wadi (dry riverbed). + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the town of Samail, adjacent to the +type +locality. The town lends its name to the wadi separating the Eastern and Western Hajar Mountain ranges, known as the Samail Gap. + + + + +Material examined. + + +Holotype +female + +. +OMAN +: +Ad-Dakhiliyah Region +, nr. +Samail +, +23.267N +, +57.984E +, + +420 m + +, + +16 April 2016 + +, + +on + +Ochradenus aucheri +J. Monks + + +leg. ( +NHMUK 010819621 +) + +. +Paratype +female: Data as for +holotype +( +NHMUK +015663931); + +Paratype +female: +OMAN +: +Samed Ashan +, +22.823°N +, +58.150°E +, + +22 March 2019 + +, +Ali Al Jahdhami +leg + +. ( +NHMO +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/D3/D1/03D3D10EFFA0FFE3FF4DF997D756FDE1.xml b/data/03/D3/D1/03D3D10EFFA0FFE3FF4DF997D756FDE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a19fe08d03c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/D3/D1/03D3D10EFFA0FFE3FF4DF997D756FDE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,421 @@ + + + +A new species of Pompholyx (Rotifera: Monogononta: Testudinellidae) from the United States + + + +Author + +Araujo, Thiago Q. +Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA; + + + +Author + +Walsh, Elizabeth J. +Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA; + + + +Author + +Wallace, Robert L. +Department of Biology, Ripon College, Ripon, WI, USA + + + +Author + +Hochberg, Rick +Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +J. Nat. Hist. + + +2024-07-09 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +784 +795 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2345927 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2345927 +1464-5262 +13219746 + + + + + + +Pompholyx faciemlarva +Araújo, Walsh, Wallace and Hochberg + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 2–6 +) + + +ZooBank: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +99CBE73C-C91C-42E2-9C98-1CAEB5C30387 + +. + + + + +Material examined + + +Eleven specimens +were examined using light microscopy; measurements were taken with an ocular micrometer. + +All +specimens were mounted and photographed and/or digitally recorded + +. + +The +type specimen was documented, as is permitted digitally recorded: digital type documentation is allowed by +The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +, namely in article 73.1 + +. + +4 ( +The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature +1999), even when the documented specimen has been lost + +. + +The +type photomicrographs are available at the +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History +under accession numbers +USNM 1606876 +( +holotype +) and +USNM 1606877 +, +USNM 1606878 +, +USNM 1606879 +, +USNM 1606880 +, +USNM 1606881 +( +paratypes +) + +. + +Ten +other specimens +were examined using SEM + +. + + + + +Differential diagnosis + + + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +can be distinguished from + +P. complanata +, +P. sulcata + +and + +P. triloba + +by the presence of transverse furrows on its lorica, the structure of the stalk gland (3-lobed), and the number and symmetrical arrangement of unci teeth in the trophi. There are 17 teeth on each side in the new species, compared to 17–20/18–21 (right/left) in + +P. sulcata + +(the only other species with a complete description). + + + + +Etymology + + +The species name is an adjectival name derived from the form of the rotifer’s corona, which resembles the mask used by scuba divers (∞-shaped) ( +Figure 3B +): face (Latin: +faciem +) and mask (Latin: +larva +). + + + + +Description + + +The description is based on an adult specimen of 110 µm (95–125 µm) body length. The body shape is ellipsoid, but with a flat anterior margin and rounded triangular posterior end. The corona is complete, ∞-shaped, and bears two dorsolateral red eyes ( +Figures 2A +, +3B +, +4D +, +6A +). Coronal cilia are approximately 8–20 µm long. In cross section, the smooth and mostly featureless lorica is arched dorsally and with flared lateral edges ( +Figures 2A +, +3B +, +6 +). SEM reveals a fine network of fibres across parts of the lorica, but these may be artefacts of fixation ( +Figure 6 +). A large transverse furrow extends laterally across the body on both dorsal and ventral sides around mid-body length. The furrow is present in all living specimens when swimming and does not change when animals are anesthetized; the furrow remains in preserved animals. An occipital convexity (edge) is present just posterior of the corona on the dorsal side. The ventral lorica surface is smooth, but narrower in width than the dorsal surface: it is 80 µm long and has an inverted triangle shape with a 53 µm wide anterior border and a 19 µm wide posterior tip. A pectoral concavity (notch) just posterior to the corona is present on the ventral surface ( +Figures 2B +, +3C +). A ciliated sub-labium extends from the pectoral concavity during locomotion. The posterior end has a terminal 6 µm diameter cavity that leads to the cloaca ( +Figure 6B–D +), which is rectangular in shape and ~20 µm long ( +Figures 2C +, +4B +). The cloaca has three openings to the blastocoel: one for the stalk gland, one to the anus, and one for oviposition ( +Figure 2C +). + + + +Figure 2. +Schematic illustrations of + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +(A) Dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) internal view; (D) trophus. Abbreviations: bt, buccal tube; cf, lorica furrow; cl, cloaca; co, corona; e, eye; f, fulcrum; gg, gastric glands; gt, Gossesche thread; i, intestine; m, manubrium; mo, mouth; pn, protonephridia; r, rami; rc, round (unidentified) cells; sg, stalk gland; st, stomach; t, trophi; vit, vitellarium; vs, ventral surface; u, unci. + + + + +Figure 3. +DIC microphotograph of + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +(A) Dorsal arch view; (B) middle dorsal view; (C) ventral view; (D) lateral view. Abbreviations: cf, lorica furrow; cl, cloaca; co, corona; e, eye; gt, Gossesche thread; i, intestine; mo, mouth; pn, protonephridia; rc, round (unidentified) cells; st, stomach; t, trophi; vs, ventral surface. + + + + +Figure 4. +DIC microphotograph of internal anatomy of + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +(A–D) Different focal planes of ventrolateral body view. Abbreviations: co, corona; e, eye; i, intestine; n, nucleus; pn, protonephridia; rc, round (unidentified) cells; sg, stalk gland; st, stomach; t, trophi; vit, vitellarium. + + + +Corona. +The corona is ∞-shaped (i.e., it resembles a number 8 lying on its side or a scuba diving mask) and ciliation is complete. Cilia appear to be of a mostly uniform length of 6– 18 μm. Small patches of presumable sensory cilia are present in the apical field. A ciliated sub-labium is present on the ventral surface just posterior of the mouth within the pectoral notch. + + +Digestive tract. +Terminal mouth is somewhat ventral in position, but still within the coronal field. The mouth leads to a 30 µm long ciliated buccal cavity that has an inverted pear-shape. The ciliated stomach has two salivary/gastric glands connected to the anterior part of the stomach. The intestine is 20 µm in total length and has two sphincters: one sphincter demarcates the transition from the stomach to the intestine; the second sphincter demarcates the transition from the intestine to the cloaca ( +Figures 2C,D +, +3B +, +4B,E +, +6B,C,D +). No bladder was observed. + + +Trophi. +Trophi malleoramate. The rami are 13 µm long and have an elongatetriangular shape with rounded latero-ventral margins, delimiting large latero-ventral fenestrae ( +Figure 5D +). The fulcrum is elongate and straight (11 µm). The unci plates consist of 16 right and 17 left (frontal view) weakly curved and strongly webbed asymmetrical teeth (lengths: 5–7 µm). The crescent-shaped manubria are 15 µm long and composed of superimposed dorsal, median, ventral, and small sub-ventral chambers ( +Figures 2C,D +, +5 +). + + + +Figure 5. +Trophi of + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +(A–C) DIC microphotographs. (A) Frontal view; (B) focal plane between frontal and caudal view; (C) caudal view. (D,E) SEM false colour-coded microphotographs. (D) Caudal view; (E) slightly internal view of the ramus. Abbreviations: as, arched rami scleropili; dc, dorsal chamber; fu, fulcrum; mc, median chamber; r, ramus; rf, ramus fenestra; svc, subventral chambers; u, uncus; vc, ventral chamber. + + + +Female reproductive system. +Vitellarium is syncytial with at least 12 nuclei ( +Figures 2C +, +4D +). Germarium not observed. Amictic eggs are oviposited one at a time and retained by the female at her posterior end. Each egg is approximately 50 µm in diameter and connected to an adhesive string that is secreted internally by a stalk gland and protrudes out the cloaca ( +Figures 2 +, +3 +, +4A,D +). + + +Protonephridia. +One pair of protonephridia is present in each lateral body margin; these extend to the region around the posterior intestinal sphincter ( +Figures 2C +, +4C +). + + +Other structures. +An interconnected chain of large cells (6 µm) is located close to the stomach and appears to attach to the stomach wall ( +Figures 2C +, +3D +, +4B +). The cells are not ova; their function is undetermined. + + +A stalk gland is present on the ventral side. The gland has at least three apical lobes (total length: 8 µm) and secretes a sticky thread (‘Gossesche thread’) approximately 80 µm long that passes through the cloaca to attach to a single amictic egg. At least two muscles insert on or close to the stalk gland and function to release or retract the adhesive thread, thereby moving the egg farther from or closer to the cloaca ( +Figures 2C +, +3B +, +4A,D +). No more than one amictic egg was ever observed being carried by an adult female. + + + + +Figure 6. +SEM microphotographs of + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +(A,B) Dorsolateral view; (C) ventrolateral view; (D) ventral view. Abbreviations: cl, cloaca; co, corona; dao, dorsal antennae opening; lao, lateral antennae opening. + + + + +Ecology and distribution + + + +Pompholyx faciemlarva + + +sp. n. + +was found in Flint Pond, Tyngsborough, MA, +USA +, during the summer months ( +June–September 2022 +). This pond has a rich submerged macrophyte community and the plankton was abundant, comprising at least 11 genera of rotifers and numerous other zooplanktonic taxa. The new species is common, but not abundant. Its collection from the surface waters (< +1 m +depth) of the pond suggests it is fully planktonic. Other common rotifers from the same collections include the following: + +Asplanchna priodonta +Gosse, 1850 + +, + +Asplanchnopus multiceps +( +Schrank, 1793 +) + +, + +Brachionus angularis +Gosse, 1851 + +, + +Hexarthra +sp. + +, + +Keratella cochlearis +( +Gosse, 1851 +) + +, + +Kellicottia +sp. + +, and + +Polyarthra +spp. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1B7E3ABA01FD9AEB6D3A8B.xml b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1B7E3ABA01FD9AEB6D3A8B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dc59b644631 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1B7E3ABA01FD9AEB6D3A8B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@ + + + +First record of Bathynellacea (Crustacea: Malacostraca) in Benin (West Africa): two new species and their phylogenetic position within the Parabathynellidae family + + + +Author + +Camacho, A. I. +Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + + + +Author + +Mas-Peinado, P. +Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Montpellier, France; & Departamento de Biología (Zoología) and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain; + + + +Author + +Lagnika, M. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Martin, P. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Dorda, B. A. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain + + + +Author + +Rey, I. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain & Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +570 +602 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 +1464-5262 +13219566 + + + + + + +Racovitzaibathynella beninensis +Camacho and Lagnika + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 2–4 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +492703A7-520A-4ED7-B793-B3ECF46E0CB6 + + + + + + +Material examined + + + +Type +locality. + + +Modern +wells ( +BEN147 +), +Vanhoui +, +Djougou +, +Donga +, +Benin +( +9.56519°N +, +1.82198°E +, + +388 m + +alt.; WGS84), + +28/08/2017 + +( +one female +) and + +27/05/2018 + +( +one male +); collected by M + + +. +Lagnika, J + + +. +Hotepko +and P + +. Martin. + + +Type material. + +Holotype +male ( +MNCN 20.04 +/20,703), +allotype +female ( +MNCN 20.04 +/ 20,704), type series comprised of the +two specimens +, each on an individual slide, and two DNA samples as the DNA types ( +MNCN +/ +ADN 54919 +male and +MNCN +/ +ADN 54873 +female). + + + + + +Description + + +Body. +Total length of +holotype +1.1 mm +and +allotype +0.91 mm +. Body elongated ( +Figure 2 +), segments widening towards posterior end; approximately 9 times as long as wide. Head one-third longer than wide. All drawings are of the (male) +holotype +except for ThVIII, antenna, labrum and Md of the +allotype +(female). + + +Antennule. +(Figure 3(a)). Six-segmented; length of first three articles 1.4 times longer than other three articles combined; sixth article as long as the third article but half as wide; inner flagellum rectangular, large, and half the height of the fourth article; setation as in Figure 3(a); article three with three smooth setae; article five with three terminal aesthetascs, similar in size; sixth article with three aesthetascs, one slightly shorter than the other two. AI longer than AII. + + +Antenna. +(Figure 3(b)). Five-segmented; as long as the first four articles of AI; first two articles are similar in length; the third is the shortest, the fourth is 2.5 times longer than the first two, and the fifth is slightly shorter than the fourth one; last article with three setae: one smooth, one plumose and one outer seta transformed into a long strong fang that is curved inwards (sexual dimorphism); setal formula: 0/0/1 + 0/1 + 0/3(1). + + + +Figure 2. +Habitus of + +Racovitzaibathynella beninensis + +sp. n. + + + + +Antenna of the +allotype +. + +(Figure 3(c)). Similar to that of the +holotype +but with four setae on the last article, with the outer seta smooth and not transformed; setal formula: 0/0/ 1 + 0/1 + 0/4(1). + + +Labrum. +(Figure 3(d)). Distal edge concave, with 12 teeth, the lateral ones somewhat smaller than the central ones. + + + +Labrum of the +allotype +. + +(Figure 3(e)). Similar to the male’s but with fewer teeth, only 11; the central teeth are triangular and slightly larger than the lateral ones. + + +Mandible. +(Figure 3(f)). +Pars incisiva +with three teeth on the distal part, and a well-developed tooth on the ventral edge; +pars molaris +with four claws, the two most proximal joined and with many fine hairs; mandibular palp, one-segmented, with a distal seta that extends beyond the +pars incisiva +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E26BA57FBA6E8153D96.xml b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E26BA57FBA6E8153D96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1994621c701 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E26BA57FBA6E8153D96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,491 @@ + + + +First record of Bathynellacea (Crustacea: Malacostraca) in Benin (West Africa): two new species and their phylogenetic position within the Parabathynellidae family + + + +Author + +Camacho, A. I. +Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + + + +Author + +Mas-Peinado, P. +Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Montpellier, France; & Departamento de Biología (Zoología) and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain; + + + +Author + +Lagnika, M. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Martin, P. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Dorda, B. A. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain + + + +Author + +Rey, I. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain & Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +570 +602 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 +1464-5262 +13219566 + + + + + + +Cteniobathynella boutini +Camacho and Lagnika + + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figures 5 +and +6 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +FB9D034F-E4A8-451E-81A5-695A2E9FBC1B + + + + + +Material examined + + + +Type +locality. + + +Modern well ( +BEN128 +) ( +9.72573°N +, +1.84716°E +, + + +387 m + +. + +alt.; WGS84), +Moné +, +Djougou +, +Donga +, +Benin +( +West Africa +), + +16/08/2018 + +( +one male +and +one female +); collected by M + + +. +Lagnika, J + +. Hotepko and P. Martin. + + +Type material. + +Holotype +male ( +MNCN 20.04 +/20,701), +allotype +female ( +MNCN 20.04 +/ 20,702), type series comprised of the +two specimens +, each on individual slides, and two DNA samples as the DNA types ( +MNCN +/ +ADN 54871 +male and +MNCN +/ +ADN 54872 +female). + + + + + +Description + + +Body. +Total length of +holotype +0.84 mm +, and of +allotype +0.90 mm +. Body elongated, segments widening towards the posterior end. Head one-third longer than wide. All drawings are of the (male) +holotype +except one figure of the antenna of the +allotype +(female). + + + +Figure 5. + +Cteniobathynella boutini + + +sp. n. + +(a,b, d–i) Male holotype. (a) Antennule (dorsal view); (b) antenna (dorsal view); (c) antenna, female allotype (dorsal view); (d) labrum; (e) mandible; (f) maxillule; (g) maxilla (dorsal view); (h) thoracopod VIII (latero-internal view); (i) thoracopod VIII (latero-external view). Scale bars in mm. + + + + +Figure 6. + +Cteniobathynellaboutini boutini + + +sp. n. + +Male holotype. (a) Thoracopod I; (b) thoracopod II; (c) thoracopod III; (d) thoracopod IV; (e) thoracopod V; (f) thoracopod VI; (g) thoracopod VII; (h) uropod (latero-external view); (i) furcal rami (dorsal view). Scale bars in mm. + + + +Antennule. +( +Figure 5 +(a)). Six-segmented; length of first three articles as long as the other three articles combined; sixth article as long as the first and second articles but only a third as wide; inner flagellum rectangular, large, half the height of the fourth article; setation as in +Figure 5a +; article three with only one smooth seta; article five with two terminal aesthetascs of different length; sixth article with three aesthetascs, one shorter than the other two. AI longer than the AII. + + +Antenna. +( +Figure 5 +(b)). Five-segmented; almost as long as the first five articles of AI; first two articles are similar and very short; the last three are long and of equal length; last article with three setae: two smooth and one plumose; setal formula: 0/0 + 1/1 + 0/1 + 0/3(1). + + + +Antenna of the +allotype +. + +( +Figure 5 +(c)). Similar to the holotype’s but without a seta on the second article and with four setae on the last article, the outermost one very small and thick, resembling a small spine; setal formula: 0/0/1 + 0/1 + 0/4(1). + + +Labrum. +( +Figure 5 +(d)). Distal edge slightly concave, with 12 teeth, the lateral ones slightly larger than the central ones. + + +Mandible. +( +Figure 5 +(e)). +Pars incisiva +with four teeth on the distal part, and a well-developed tooth on the ventral edge; +pars molaris +with three claws, the two most proximal claws joined and with many fine hairs; mandibular palp one-segmented, inserted very high, at the level of the tooth of ventral edge, with a distal seta that reaches the end of the +pars incisiva +. + + +Maxillule. +( +Figure 5 +(f)). Proximal endite with two long serrulate claws and two smaller claws also with setules; distal endite with five very thin claws with denticles, located on the distal third of MxI, and with three small, unequal sub-terminal smooth setae on the outer distal margin. + + +Maxilla. +( +Figure 5 +(g)). Three-segmented; basal article very short, armed with one smooth seta; second article three times as long as wide, with nine setae (4 + 1 on medial region) and a very small third article with one strong terminal claw and two setae. Setal formula: 1/9/2 + 1. + + +Thoracopods I to VII. +( +Figure 6 +(a–g)). Well developed, length gradually increasing from I to IV, last three thoracopods similar in length; epipod absent on Th I–III ( +Figure 6 +(a–c)) but present on Th IV–VII ( +Figure 6 +(d–f)), small, one-third the length of the basipod; basipod with one smooth seta on the distal inner corner in Th I–VII. Exopod two-segmented, from ThIII to ThVI is about as long as endopod, slightly shorter in TVII; basal article about as long as the first two articles of the endopod, except in ThI and II, where it is slightly shorter; exopod with two barbed setae on the first article, one very long barbed and one plumose seta on the second article, and a group of strong ctenidia at the base of the inner setae; article one 2.5 times as long as article two in all Ths. Endopod four-segmented; first article short, similar in length in all Ths, half as long as articles two and three, which are similar in length and in appearance in all Ths and both with clusters of strong spinules along the inner margin; the fourth article small, with two claws and one smooth seta on Th I and one claw and one seta on the rest of Ths; outer distal seta on second article always plumose; outer small seta on third article of Th I-VII smooth, as a small spine. Setal formula of endopod: Th I, 1 + 0/0 + 1/0 + 1/3(1); Th II–VII, 0 + 0/0 + 1/ 0 + 1/2(1). + + +Male thoracopod VIII. +( +Figure 5 +(h–i)). Rectangular; with outer lobe located at the middle of the thoracopod, short and fused with the basipod and with a small rounded distal extension; penial lobes with an extension that reaches the distal end of the basipod with which it is fused; rounded exopod that protrudes beyond the distal end of basipod; the basipod is well developed on the latero-external face, without setae, and with distal end bilobed; endopod similar to exopod, with a smooth long seta. + + +Pleopods. +Absent. + + +Uropods. +( +Figure 6 +(h)). Sympod nearly 5 times as long as wide, 2 times as long as the endopod and exopod, which are similar in length; five barbed spines of similar length located in the distal third of the sympod, half the size of the apical spine of the endopod; endopod 3 times as long as wide, with a long apical spine (20% shorter than the endopod) with setules and five setae, two terminal barbed and three latero-external plumose setae, with four groups of strong ctenidia on the dorsal side; exopod with two terminal barbed setae of different lengths. + + +Pleotelson. +A ventro-lateral seta on each side. Anal operculum not protruded. + + +Furcal rami. +( +Figure 6 +(i)). Almost square, with three thick barbed spines, the largest of which is the distal one, followed by the middle and then the most proximal one; a membrane with setules at the base of the spines along the distal edge; unequal plumose setae on dorsal side of furcal rami. + + + + +Etymology + + +The species name + +‘ +boutini + +’ is dedicated to our colleague Claude Boutin, who was a pioneer in the study of the underground aquatic environment in Africa, particularly in +Benin +, where stygofauna were completely unknown before collaborations were initiated under his impetus. + + + + +Remarks + + +The new species + +Cteniobathynella boutini + +is, together with + +C. caparti + +, one of the smallest species of the genus, measuring less than +1 mm +. However, + +C. boutini + + +sp. n. + +differs from the other species of the genus in the traits detailed in +Table 3 +. The new species may or may not have a seta on the second article of AII, which is always present in the rest of the African species, and it has three or four setae on the last article, whereas the other species always have three setae. The new species has a single claw on the last article of MxII, in contrast to the two on the other species. In addition, it has a single seta on the first article, 1957); + +C. essaumeri +Dumont, 1981 + +; + +C. leleupi +Delamare Deboutteville and Chappuis, 1955 + +; + +C. teocchii +(Coineau and Knoepffler, 1971) + +; + +Cteniobathynella boutini + +sp. + + + +Table 3. +Characters of the species of the genus + +Cteniobathynella +Schminke, 1993 + +found in Africa: + +C. bakeri +(Green, 1964) + +; + +C. calmani +(Por, 1968) + +; + +C. caparti + +(Fryer, + + + +n. +Abbreviations: AI = antennule; AII = antenna; D.end = distal endite; H = homonomous; IH = inhomonomous; Md = mandible; MxI = maxillule; MxII = maxilla; + + +N = number of; NPr = not pronounced; St = setae; Symp = sympod; Th = thoracopod; ThI = thoracopod 1; ThVIII = thoracopod 8; Urp = uropod; XS = extra small. whereas the others have two or none. All species lack an epipod on ThI, but + +C. boutini + + +sp. n. + +also does not have one on ThII and ThIII. Regarding the proportions of the articles of thoracopod exopod, the first article is always twice as long as the second in all species. Exopod to endopod article proportions reveal +two types +of ThI: (1) the first article of the exopod is shorter than the first two articles of the endopod, and the exopod reaches the middle of the third article of the endopod ( + +C. teocchii +, +C. calmani +, +C. capparti + +and the new species); and (2) the first article of the exopod is the same length as the first two articles of the endopod, and the exopod reaches the middle of the third endopod article ( +type +2a, + +C. leleupi + +) or is the same length as the first three endopod articles ( +type +2b, + +C. bakeri + +) (ThI of + +C. essaumeri + +has not been described to date). The second +type +with the two alternative configurations is the one that is repeated in all the other thoracopods: ThII to ThVII of + +C. teocchii + +and + +C. calmani + +present +type +2a, and the rest of the species, including the new one, present the most frequent +type +, 2b. Males of the new species have a small endopod on ThVIII; in + +C. leleupi + +and + +C. teocchii + +(the only other species for which ThVIII has been described), the endopod is reduced to two setae. + +Cteniobathynella boutini + + +sp. n. + +lacks pleopods like all species of the genus. In the new species, the sympod of the uropod is homonomous with few spines; this is similar to almost all the other species except + +C. caparti + +, which has a longer distal spine, and + +C. essaumeri + +, which has more than double the number of spines (10–12), all equal in size. The new species has five setae on the endopod of the uropod, whereas the rest of the species only have three or four. The exopod and endopod of the uropod are almost the same length in the new species, as in + +C. calmani +, +C. caparti + +and + +C. teocchii + +; in the other species, the endopod is longer than the exopod. With respect to habitat, most of the African species were found in the interstitial environment of rivers. Only the new species and + +C. calmani + +were found in manufactured water well supply. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E3CBAD9FE4EED643C60.xml b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E3CBAD9FE4EED643C60.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f91220dc9f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/DB/E1/03DBE1020A1C7E3CBAD9FE4EED643C60.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +First record of Bathynellacea (Crustacea: Malacostraca) in Benin (West Africa): two new species and their phylogenetic position within the Parabathynellidae family + + + +Author + +Camacho, A. I. +Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + + + +Author + +Mas-Peinado, P. +Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Montpellier, France; & Departamento de Biología (Zoología) and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain; + + + +Author + +Lagnika, M. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Martin, P. +Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; + + + +Author + +Dorda, B. A. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain + + + +Author + +Rey, I. +Dpto. de Colecciones. Col. de Tejidos y ADN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain & Dpto. Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +570 +602 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2353941 +1464-5262 +13219566 + + + + + + +Cteniobathynella +Schminke, 1973 + + + + + + +Amended generic diagnosis Schminke, 1973, pp. 72–75 (p. 77: diagnosis + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/3D/5A/87/3D5A87CDFF96FFD6FE465E0B2EBF7CDE.xml b/data/3D/5A/87/3D5A87CDFF96FFD6FE465E0B2EBF7CDE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..951ed7c8795 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3D/5A/87/3D5A87CDFF96FFD6FE465E0B2EBF7CDE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A new species of Delorhachis Karsch, 1896 from Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of Congo + + + +Author + +Taberer, Tabitha R. +The African Natural History Research Trust (ANHRT), Leominster, UK; & Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-18 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +639 +644 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2354483 + +journal article +300746 +10.1080/00222933.2024.2354483 +d3279a75-8f15-47f7-ac78-0c489d46963a +1464-5262 +13219588 + + + + + + +Delorhachis nouabaleensis + + +sp. n. + + + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +Male +, “ +REPUBLIC OF CONGO + +341m + +| Sangha Prov., Nouabale-Ndoki | National Park, Bomassa camp | (Secondary forest) | +02º12’36.9”N +, +16º11’30.2”E +| + +16–23.ix.2022 + +MV +Light Trap | Dérozier, +V +., Fouka, B., | Kirk-Spriggs, A., Takano, +H. Leg. +| +ANHRT +:2022.14” || “ANHRTUK | 00293369” || “Gen. slide No. | TT 223 | prep. by +T +. +R +. Taberer” + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/58/1E/4C/581E4C6B7468FFC8C6AC91BEFDFC1FC3.xml b/data/58/1E/4C/581E4C6B7468FFC8C6AC91BEFDFC1FC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b578c2e621e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/58/1E/4C/581E4C6B7468FFC8C6AC91BEFDFC1FC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +Discovery of Aleuroclava canangae (Corbett) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Coleus in India and the establishment and review of the Aleuroclava canangae species group + + + +Author + +Josephrajkumar, Arulappan +Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kayamkulam, India; + + + +Author + +Evans, Gregory +United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Beltsville, Maryland, USA; + + + +Author + +Babu, Merin +Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kayamkulam, India; + + + +Author + +Anes, Kakkanattu Meerasahib +Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kayamkulam, India; + + + +Author + +Sajan, Jilu V. +Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kayamkulam, India; + + + +Author + +Hegde, Vinayaka +Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, India + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-19 + + +58 + + +17 - 20 + + +603 +623 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2347602 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2347602 +1464-5262 +13219550 + + + + + + +Aleuroclava canangae +( +Corbett, 1935 +) + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Aleuroclava canangae + +can be distinguished from other species in the + +canangae + +species group by the following combination of characteristics: lateral margin differentiated at the opening of the thoracic tracheal furrow as a cleft; submedian area of the dorsum of the cephalothorax with three pairs of enlarged tubercles; and the entire dorsum with microtubercles. It is most similar to + +A. macarangae +(Corbett) + +and + +A. papillata +Sundararaj and Dubey + +, but can be distinguished from those species which lack the three pairs of enlarged tubercles on the submedian area of cephalothorax and have microtubercles on the subdorsum only. + + +Puparium + + +Colouration. +Colouration is variable, some specimens entirely pale while other specimens pale with a faint dark brown streak down the centre of the body, covering the area above the mouthparts, the medial region of the first to third abdominal segments and the area above the vasiform orifice. + + +Dorsum. +Mean length and width 590.65 and 403.41 μm, respectively; body elliptical with entire dorsum covered with microtubercles and granules ( +Figure 4A, F +); lateral margin crenulated, tracheal furrow terminating in a cup-shaped sunken cleft ( +Figure 4C, G +) along the lateral margin; submarginal region with row of conical papillae around the entire body, except within the caudal furrow, and separated from each other by about the width of their base; submarginal fold wavy with conspicuous stipples and with short setae along the fold. +Cephalothorax +: base of cephalic setae with long, slender U-shaped sclerotisation; submedian area with three pairs of enlarged tubercles; transverse moulting suture extends to submedial region. +Abdomen +: eight-segmented, medial region with transverse rows of rounded microtubercles along the abdominal sutures; caudal furrow smooth, about as long as the vasiform orifice with well-defined sclerotised sides. +Vasiform orifice +(vo): orifice subcordate, slightly wider (41.21 μm) than long (32.53 μm) and with a wide notch/cleft located medially along the posterior margin, operculum filling nearly the entire orifice obscuring the lingula ( +Figure 4D, E, I +). +Chaetotaxy +: lateral margin with one pair of very short (20.33 μm) anterior marginal setae (ams) and posterior marginal setae (pms) similar in length ( +Figure 4H +); cephalic pair of setae (Cs1) (421.41 μm) separated from each other by 75.05 μm ( +Figure 4B +); first abdominal segment setae (As1) extremely long (433.50 μm) slightly shorter than the width of the body, tuberculate, set on elevated long tubercles ( +Figure 4A +) and separated from each other by 165.39 μm; eighth abdominal setae (As8) very short (15.56 μm) ( +Figure 4J +), rod-like and located just above the lateral margin of each side of the orifice; caudal setae prominent (100.45 μm), about 2× as long as the length of the vasiform orifice (34.53 μm) and set on tubercles ( +Figure 4I +). + + + +Figure 4. + +Aleuroclava canangae + +puparium. (A–E) USNM specimen (intercepted on + +Psidium guajava + +from the Philippines) – (A) habitus, with cephalic setae (Cs1), first abdominal segment setae (As1), caudal setae (Cas); (B) As1 two-jointed seta; (C) tracheal cleft; (D) vasiform orifice (vo) with operculum (op) and eighth abdominal segment setae (As8); (E) caudal furrow with vasiform orifice cleft (vc); (F–J) Indian specimen – (F) habitus; (G) thoracic cleft; (H) crenulate lateral margin with submarginal papillae; (I) vasiform orifice with caudal furrow (cf) and posterior marginal setae (pms); (J) vo showing position of As8 setae. + + + +Adult female ( +Figure 5A–C +) + + +Colouration. +body pale yellow; forewing and hindwings entirely white. +Antennae +( +Figure 5A +): seven-segmented consisting of a short basal segment (scape), pedicel, and a long five-segmented flagellum (F3–F7); pedicel about as long as wide; F3 9.3× as long as wide with two annulated-round, flat sensoria at its distal end, aligned one under the other and a long sensorium arising from the mid position and extending up to the first round sensorium (pores not seen); F4 2.5× as long as wide and without sensoria; F5 3.2× as long as wide with a small, annulated-round, flat sensorium; F6 3.3× as long as wide with a long sensoria; F7 (terminal segment) very long, 6.0× as long as wide, tapering distally and terminating with a seta at the tapering end, with a very long sensorial cone arising at about the basal third of the segment and extending past the round flat sensorium located towards the tip of the segment ( +Figure 5A +). +Eyes +: Upper to the lower eye connected by 3–4 ommatidia ( +Figure 5B +). +Legs +: Hind tibia with a conspicuous tibial comb consisting of 17 setae in a row, tibial brush with two setae ( +Figure 5D +). + + + +Figure 5. + +Aleuroclava canangae + +adults. (A) Antenna (female), inset – closer view of terminal antennal segment with long sensorial cone; (B) upper and lower eye (female); (C) female genitalia with cement gland; (D) tibia of leg II with one row of comb and brush with two setae (male); (E) male genitalia. + + + +Abdomen. +With two pairs of wax plates, v +asiform orifice +: Cordate to triangular in shape, operculum trapezoidal, lingula included, concealed by the operculum; cement gland 63.2 ± 2.8 μm long which has a cup-shaped unipolar head and a long and wavy shaft bulbous medially ( +Figure 5C +). + + +Adult male ( +Figure 5D, E +) + + +Similar to female in colouration and shape, but has four pairs of wax plates on the abdomen which is the typical number of wax plates for the males and females in species in the +Aleyrodinae +subfamily. +Genitalia +: Claspers stout 66.7 ± 6.4 μm long with swollen pads terminating with a terminal spine and one spine on the lateral side. Aedeagus 47.3 ± 3.5 μm long, has a characteristic constriction before bulging at the terminal end with a few prominent horns ( +Figure 5E +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7953FF2DFF1A796FDC76.xml b/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7953FF2DFF1A796FDC76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..126d8b0c020 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7953FF2DFF1A796FDC76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Gomphonema incrassata sp. n., a new benthic diatom species (Bacillariophyceae: Gomphonemataceae) from Walayar Dam, Palakkad district, Kerala, India + + + +Author + +Mohan, Bala + + + +Author + +Prabha, Duraisamy + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-27 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +775 +783 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2344582 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2344582 +1464-5262 +13219716 + + + + + + +Morphologically identified + +Gomphonema incrassata + +sp. n. +(Mohan and Prabha) + + + + + + +Here, we describe the new diatom species + +Gomphonema incrassata + + +sp. n. + +, from Walayar Dam, Palakkad district, +Kerala +, +India +; the description is based on morphological features ( +Figures 2 +and +3 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7956FE92FCD27B28DFD5.xml b/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7956FE92FCD27B28DFD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3930d7a885e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B9/77/06/B977060B9D2A7956FE92FCD27B28DFD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +Gomphonema incrassata sp. n., a new benthic diatom species (Bacillariophyceae: Gomphonemataceae) from Walayar Dam, Palakkad district, Kerala, India + + + +Author + +Mohan, Bala + + + +Author + +Prabha, Duraisamy + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2024 + +2024-06-27 + + +58 + + +25 - 28 + + +775 +783 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2344582 + +journal article +10.1080/00222933.2024.2344582 +1464-5262 +13219716 + + + + + +Species + +Gomphonema incrassata + + +sp. n. + +(Mohan and Prabha) + + + + + +Dimensions +: Valve length range: 30–60 µm, Valve width range: 10–15 µm, and number of striae in 10 µm: 10–14 µm. +Habitat +: Benthic habitat. +Comments +: Valves weakly heteropolar, linear-lanceolate, clavate. The head pole is bluntly round and the basal or foot pole is narrowly rounded, but they are more elongate than in + +Gomphonema laticollum + +or + +Gomphonema italicum + +. The axial area is very narrow, and the central area is small, formed by the densely spaced striae on each side that are almost indistinguishable. The frustule is club-shaped, thickened, and flexed (bent) in the girdle view. The raphe is filiform on the concave valve with well-defined proximal and distal endings, and the distal raphe is small and rounded. The striae are densely spaced at the centre, becoming parallel at the head and foot poles. Striae are radial throughout, becoming strongly radial at the apices. The single stigmata are small and round with a slit-like internal opening. Pseudospeta can clearly be seen, associated with each pole ( +Figure 4 +). + +Holotype + +: Slide No. X913. +Etymology +: + +Gomphonema incrassata + +is named based on its frustule ornamentation, where the frustule is club-shaped, and thickened in distal endings. + +Gomphonema + +is a genus name, and + +incrassata + +is a Latin word that means ‘thickened or swollen’. +Ecology +: Species of the genus + +Gomphonema + +are widely found in both ultra-oligotrophic and nutrient-rich or organically polluted freshwater environments, in water of low to high electrical conductivity, and occur predominantly at neutral to slightly alkaline pH ( + +Yun +et al +. 2014 + +). The cells are attached to the substratum by mucilage stalks at the basal pole. +Record +: New record. + + + +Figure 2. +Biological microscopic image of + +Gomphonema incrassata + +sp. n. + + + + +Figure 3. +Outer layer of + +Gomphonema incrassata + +sp. n. + + + +The morphology of + +Gomphonema incrassata + + +sp. n. + +does not match data provided for previously described taxa, but shares some features with + +Gomphonema laticollum +Reichart. + +The presence of + +Gomphonema incrassata + +in just 15 samples from Walayar Dam, taken from sampling sites 3, 4 and 5, suggests that this area harbours additional biodiversity in this group, and these sampling sites receive pollutants from various sources. Hence, we can assume that the identified + +Gomphonema incrassata + +species may be widely found in nutrient-rich water bodies. Higher levels of endemism may be documented with a more thorough sampling of sites farther away from the areas of human impact. Many species of + +Gomphonema + +are considered cosmopolitan in their distribution, eg + +Gomphonema parvulum +Kützing + +, + +Gomphonema acuminatum +Ehrenberg + +and + +Gomphonema truncatum +Ehrenberg + +; many endemics have been described from every continent. These include + +Gomphonema mehleri +Camburn + +and + +Gomphonema apuncto +Wallace + +from North America; + +G. lepidum +Fricke + +and + +G. uruguayense +Metzeltin + +from South America; + +Gomphonema africanum + +G.S. West and + +Gomphonema zairense +Compère + +from Africa; + +Gomphonema pinnularioides +Mayer + +from Europe; + +Gomphonema ikeda +Skvortzow + +and + +G. sichuanensis +Li and Kociolek + +from Asia; + +G. imprime +Kociolekand + + +G. australiense +Grunow ex Cleve and Möller + +from +Australia +; and + +Gomphonema signyensis +Kociolek and Jones + +reported from +Antarctica +. + + + +Figure 4. +Scanning electron microscopic image of + +Gomphonema incrassata + +sp. n. + + + +Moreover, the analysed physicochemical characteristics of the Walayar Dam water revealed that water temperature ranged from 24.76 to 25.21°C. The pH and salinity values ranged between 8.02 and 8.22, and between 1.28 and 2.61 ppt, respectively. The observed electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and total dissolved solids values ranged from 295.02 to 301.82 µS cm −1, +8.05 to 9.52 mg +L −1, and +622.72 to 645.55 mg +L −1, respectively. Freshwater ecosystems are currently under extreme ecological stress, which may provoke certain species to decrease or become extinct ( +Mohan and Priyadarshinee 2023 +; Mohan +et al +. 2023). Walayar Dam is suffering significant stress from human activities that may affect the density and diversity of the living communities in the aquatic ecosystems. According to + +Lu +et al +. (2022) + +, diatoms are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, which reflect the variations in the physical and chemical characteristics of the water. The population density of diatoms is also influenced by the water temperature, light penetration, a high level of organic nutrients, toxic compounds, the mixing of sewage water, parasites, herbivores, and heterotrophic microbe activities ( + +Cavicchioli +et al +. 2019 + +). Consequently, examining the water quality parameters of water ecosystems is crucial. In the present study, the analysed physicochemical characteristics such as pH, salinity, total dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity indicate that the Walayar Dam is moderately polluted. The present results underscore the need for continued research into diatom taxonomy, habitat and diversity in the least-explored geographical regions on Earth. + + + + \ No newline at end of file