From 06540bac5adaa007123dbcbbfa453614f0cba2e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2024 12:58:14 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-08-20 12:52:06 --- .../87/872787B7FFDEFFE1E752F9A9FD14FD48.xml | 1395 +++++++++-------- .../49/B24A496CFFC20661FECFEB96FA45FA5A.xml | 632 ++++++++ .../49/B24A496CFFC20665FECFEB96FD54F98B.xml | 79 - 3 files changed, 1334 insertions(+), 772 deletions(-) create mode 100644 data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20661FECFEB96FA45FA5A.xml delete mode 100644 data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20665FECFEB96FD54F98B.xml diff --git a/data/87/27/87/872787B7FFDEFFE1E752F9A9FD14FD48.xml b/data/87/27/87/872787B7FFDEFFE1E752F9A9FD14FD48.xml index 30462ddb4a2..9eb1dd803e0 100644 --- a/data/87/27/87/872787B7FFDEFFE1E752F9A9FD14FD48.xml +++ b/data/87/27/87/872787B7FFDEFFE1E752F9A9FD14FD48.xml @@ -1,1148 +1,1157 @@ - - - -Revision of Prodontocharax and revalidation of Amblystilbe (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae), with description of a new species + + + +Revision of Prodontocharax and revalidation of Amblystilbe (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae), with description of a new species - - -Author + + +Author -Bertaco, Vinicius A. +Bertaco, Vinicius A. +Museu de Ciências Naturais, Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura, Av. Dr. Salvador França, 1427, 90690 - 000 - - -Author + + +Author -Chuctaya, Junior +Chuctaya, Junior +Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Ictiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. & Departamento de Ictiologia, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de História Natural, Lima, Peru. & AQUAREC, Laboratorio de BiologÍa y Genética Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Loreto, - - -Author + + +Author -Jerep, Fernando C. +Jerep, Fernando C. +Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Centro de Ciências - - -Author + + +Author -Malabarba, Luiz R. +Malabarba, Luiz R. +Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Ictiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. -text - - -Neotropical Ichthyology +text + + +Neotropical Ichthyology - -2023 - -e 230031 + +2023 + +e 230031 - -2023-09-22 + +2023-09-22 - -21 + +21 - -3 + +3 + +1 +32 + - -http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0031 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0031 -journal volume -10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0031 -1982-0224 -874CEAD8-C66C-422D-A3CA-949A7EEA7AF3 +journal article +10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0031 +1982-0224 +13349049 +874CEAD8-C66C-422D-A3CA-949A7EEA7AF3 - - - - - -Amblystilbe howesi + + + + + +Amblystilbe howesi , Fowler, 1940 - - + + ( -Figs. 11–13 +Figs. 11–13 ; Tab. 2) - - - -Amblystilbe howesi + + + +Amblystilbe howesi Fowler, 1940:85 , fig. 47 (type-locality: Boca Chapare, Río Chimore, -Cochabamba +Cochabamba , Amazon system, -Bolivia +Bolivia ). - - -Prodontocharax alleni + + +Prodontocharax alleni Böhlke, 1953:661 (type-locality: Cashiboya, -Peru +Peru , -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali ). —Ortega, Vari, 1986:09 (catalog). —Vari, Howe, 1991:35 (catalog). —Malabarba, 2003:218 (listed). —Barriga Salazar, 2014:109 (listed to -Ecuador +Ecuador ). —Sarmiento -et al +et al ., 2014:185 (listed to -Bolivia +Bolivia ). —Meza-Vargas -et al +et al ., 2021:19 (listed to -Loreto +Loreto , -Peru +Peru ). —Chuctaya -et al +et al ., 2022:24 (listed to -Ucayali +Ucayali basin, -Peru +Peru ). - - - -Prodontocharax howesi + + + +Prodontocharax howesi . —Malabarba, 2003:218 (valid species). —Sarmiento -et al +et al ., 2014:185 (listed to -Bolivia +Bolivia ). - - -Diagnosis. + + +Diagnosis. The same for the genus. - - -Description. + + +Description. Morphometric data summarized in Tab. 2. Largest specimen -44.4 mm +44.4 mm SL. Body elongate and compressed, with greatest body depth at or slightly anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal body profile convex from nostril to dorsal-fin origin, slightly convex at supraoccipital; nearly straight or slightly concave from first dorsal-fin ray to caudal peduncle. Ventral head profile nearly straight. Ventral body profile convex from pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin, and straight to anal-fin origin. Anal-fin base straight. Caudal peduncle elongate, slightly concave in the dorsal and ventral margins. - + Head relatively small. Snout pronounced, nearly pointed anteriorly. Mouth distinctly ventral, mouth slit at horizontal through inferior border of eye. Maxilla very short. Obliquely positioned maxilla ending at vertical near or at anterior border of eye and at horizontal on inferior eye border. Premaxilla with 8 or 10 tricuspid teeth, central cusp slightly longer and broader than lateral cusps; distal margin of teeth arched (n = 28). Maxilla with 4 to 5 tricuspid teeth, rarely conical (n = 28). Dentary with 11 to 13 teeth; anterior 10 large teeth, tricuspid, followed posteriorly by 1 to 3 small, conical teeth (n = 28). Anterior 7 to 8 dentary teeth inserted at anterior border of bone and anteriorly projected (n = 28); dentary teeth main axis positioned horizontally. All cusps tips slightly curved inside the mouth ( -Fig. 12 +Fig. 12 ). - - - + + + FIGURE 11 | - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi . -A. +A. Holotype, ANSP 69070, 41.8 mm SL, Boca Chapare, Chimore River, Cochabamba, Bolivia. -B. +B. MCP 39868, 41.1 mm SL, Mamoré River at Cristo Rei district, Madeira River basin, Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia, Brazil. Photos: Luiz R. Malabarba. - - - - -Dorsal-fin rays ii,9* (n = 114); first unbranched ray approximately half length of second ray. Dorsal-fin origin slightly behind to vertical line projected through pelvic-fin origin. Adipose fin located approximately in vertical through fourth and fifth last anal-fin rays insertion, counted from posteriormost branched ray. Anal-fin rays ii– iv,19–25 (iii,24*, mean = 22.4, n = 134). First unbranched ray normally only apparent in cleared and stained specimens. Anal-fin profile smoothly concave. Branched anal-fin ray decreasing rapidly from first to fifth or sixth rays and gradually decreasing in remaining rays. Anal-fin origin posteriormost to vertical line projected through base of last dorsal-fin rays. Pectoral-fin rays i,11–13 (i,12*, mean = 11.7, n = 113). Pectoral fin not reaching pelvic-fin origin in both sexes. Pelvic-fin rays i,7* (rarely i,8; n = 115). Pelvic-fin origin anterior to a vertical line projected through dorsal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked, with 19* principal rays (n = 112); lobes similar in size. Dorsal procurrent rays 9–12, and ventral procurrent rays 9 (n = 6). -Scales cycloid, moderately large. Lateral line complete. Scales in longitudinal series 35–39 (37*, mean = 36.3, n = 101). Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 6*–7 (mean = 6.0, n = 109); scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin 4*–5 (mean = 4, n = 109). Predorsal scales 9–13 arranged in regular series (10*, mean = 10.5, n = 88). Scales rows around caudal peduncle 14* (n = 111). No modified scales on caudal-fin. Scale sheath along anal-fin base formed of 4–11 scales in single series, extending to base of fifth to tenth branched rays. -Precaudal vertebrae 17–18; caudal vertebrae 18–20; total vertebrae 35–37. Supraneurals 4–5 (n = 11). Gill-rakers of first gill arch 11–14 on upper limb and 19–20 (n = 6) on lower limb. - -Coloration in alcohol. +Dorsal-fin rays ii,9* (n = 114); first unbranched ray approximately half length of second ray. Dorsal-fin origin slightly behind to vertical line projected through pelvic-fin origin. Adipose fin located approximately in vertical through fourth and fifth last anal-fin rays insertion, counted from posteriormost branched ray. Anal-fin rays ii– iv,19–25 (iii,24*, mean = 22.4, n = 134). First unbranched ray normally only apparent in cleared and stained specimens. Anal-fin profile smoothly concave. Branched anal-fin ray decreasing rapidly from first to fifth or sixth rays and gradually decreasing in remaining rays. Anal-fin origin posteriormost to vertical line projected through base of last dorsal-fin rays. Pectoral-fin rays i,11–13 (i,12*, mean = 11.7, n = 113). Pectoral fin not reaching pelvic-fin origin in both sexes. Pelvic-fin rays i,7* (rarely i,8; n = 115). Pelvic-fin origin anterior to a vertical line projected through dorsal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked, with 19* principal rays (n = 112); lobes similar in size. Dorsal procurrent rays 9–12, and ventral procurrent rays 9 (n = 6). +Scales cycloid, moderately large. Lateral line complete. Scales in longitudinal series 35–39 (37*, mean = 36.3, n = 101). Scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 6*–7 (mean = 6.0, n = 109); scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin 4*–5 (mean = 4, n = 109). Predorsal scales 9–13 arranged in regular series (10*, mean = 10.5, n = 88). Scales rows around caudal peduncle 14* (n = 111). No modified scales on caudal-fin. Scale sheath along anal-fin base formed of 4–11 scales in single series, extending to base of fifth to tenth branched rays. +Precaudal vertebrae 17–18; caudal vertebrae 18–20; total vertebrae 35–37. Supraneurals 4–5 (n = 11). Gill-rakers of first gill arch 11–14 on upper limb and 19–20 (n = 6) on lower limb. + +Coloration in alcohol. General ground body color brownish or pale yellow. Dark dorsum pigmentation from head to caudal peduncle. Dark unpigmented triangular area at pseudotympanum. Scales of body without dark chromatophores. Broad and conspicuous silvery midlateral body stripe extending from head to caudal peduncle. All fins without pigments. Some specimens that have lost some guanine pigments appear to have midlateral dark stripe ( -Fig. 11 +Fig. 11 ). - -Coloration in life. + +Coloration in life. Overall body and head color pattern yellowish and silver. Upper portion of the eye is slightly yellowish. Dorsal, pelvic and anal fins yellowish, caudal fin reddish and pectoral fin hyaline ( -Figs. 13A, B +Figs. 13A, B ). A specimen photographed in life, and/ or recently fixed, presents the dorsal, pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins yellowish and the caudal fin reddish ( -Lima -et al +Lima +et al ., 2013:340). - -Sexual dimorphism. + +Sexual dimorphism. In mature specimens, males differ from females by the presence of bony hooks on the anal and pelvic-fin rays. The anal-fin hooks are located along the posterior margin of the last unbranched ray, and the first to seventh branched ray (MUSM 259, 2294, and 40534). Little knobs were found on the first unbranched ray of the anal fin resembling initial stages of development of bony hook in a single male specimen (MZUSP 12406). The pelvic-fin hooks are located along the posterior margin of the first and seventh branched ray. Additionally, sexual dimorphism is observed in relation to the number of lamellae in the olfactory lobe (MUSM 40534), with 44 lamellae in total in males and 30 lamellae in total in females. - - -Geographical distribution. - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Geographical distribution. + +Amblystilbe howesi is known from Amazonas River basin, -Bolivia +Bolivia , -Brazil +Brazil and -Peru +Peru ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ). - -Ecological notes. + +Ecological notes. Based on field information from material cataloged in the fish collections of the MCP, MUSM, and UFRGS. All specimens of - -A. howesi + +A. howesi were collected on shallow beaches near the riverbanks (up to -1.5 m +1.5 m deep), in dark and moderately flowing water, sandy bottom and a small amount of aquatic and riparian vegetation ( -Fig. 14 +Fig. 14 ). Some specimens (MCP 39868) also were captured in a nocturnal collection using a beach seine net in the rio Mamoré. - -Conservation status. + +Conservation status. No significant threats were identified for the - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi , which is suggested to be categorized as Least Concern (LC), according to IUCN criteria (IUCN, 2022). - - - -Material examined. - -Amblystilbe howesi + + +Material examined. + +Amblystilbe howesi : - -Bolivia + +Bolivia , -Cochabamba +Cochabamba . -ANSP +ANSP 69070, -41.8 mm +41.8 mm SL, -holotype +holotype of - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi , Boca Chapare , Río Chimore, -28 Aug 1937 +28 Aug 1937 , M. A. Carriker & G. Howes. -ANSP +ANSP 69071, 10 of 20, -38.5–41.7 mm +38.5–41.7 mm SL, -paratypes +paratypes of - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi , collected with the -holotype +holotype . - -Prodontocharax alleni + +Prodontocharax alleni : - -Peru + +Peru , -Ucayali +Ucayali . -CAS +CAS 117472, -33.6 mm +33.6 mm SL, -holotype +holotype of - -Prodontocharax alleni + +Prodontocharax alleni lake of -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Cashiboya, -ca +ca . -07º31’S -74º55’W +07º31’S +74º55’W , -3–4 Aug 1920 +3–4 Aug 1920 , W. -R +R . Allen. -CAS +CAS 117473, 16 (1 c&s), -28.3–37.1 mm +28.3–37.1 mm SL, -CAS +CAS 119050, 8, 24.7–31.0 mm SL, -USNM +USNM 157366, 1, -35.6 mm +35.6 mm SL, -paratypes +paratypes of - -Prodontocharax alleni + +Prodontocharax alleni , collected with the -holotype +holotype . - -Bolivia + +Bolivia , -Santa Cruz +Santa Cruz . -AMNH +AMNH 77544, 1, -39.2 mm +39.2 mm SL, rio Mamoré, about -2 km +2 km N of mouth of Río Chapare, -31 Jul 1965 +31 Jul 1965 , M. P. Maclean. - -Brazil + +Brazil , Amazonas. -MCP +MCP 14928, 15 (3 c&s), -26.7–43.5 mm +26.7–43.5 mm SL, rio Solimões, across Jacaré, near Fonte Boa, -7 Oct 1968 +7 Oct 1968 , EPA (Expedição Permanente da Amazônia). -MCP +MCP 17088, 2 c&s, 40.0– -41.6 mm +41.6 mm SL, rio Solimões, Fonte Boa, -6 Oct 1968 +6 Oct 1968 , EPA. -MCP +MCP 31917, 1, -44.2 mm +44.2 mm SL, rio Solimões, ilha do Içé, Alvarães, -03º16’36”S -64º41’01”W +03º16’36”S +64º41’01”W , -1 Jan 2001 +1 Jan 2001 , W. Crampton. -MZUSP +MZUSP 12405, 15, -26.1–35.1 mm +26.1–35.1 mm SL, rio Solimões, ilha Sorubim, Coari, -04º05’38”S -63º08’39”W +04º05’38”S +63º08’39”W , -29 Nov 1968 +29 Nov 1968 , EPA. -MZUSP +MZUSP 12406, 5, 33.2–38.0 mm SL, rio Japurá, Manacabi, -02º45’07”S -64º51’54”W +02º45’07”S +64º51’54”W , -30 Oct 1968 +30 Oct 1968 , EPA. -MZUSP +MZUSP 12407, 42 (6 c&s), -38.1–44.4 mm +38.1–44.4 mm SL, rio Solimões, Fonte Boa, -02º30’09”S -66º05’47”W +02º30’09”S +66º05’47”W , -6 Oct 1968 +6 Oct 1968 , EPA. -UFRGS +UFRGS 12877, 1, -26.3 mm +26.3 mm SL, -UFRGS +UFRGS 21754, 1, -30.9 mm +30.9 mm SL, rio Juruá near Furo do Pupunha, Carauari, -05º06’44”S -67º10’26”W +05º06’44”S +67º10’26”W , -14 Jun 2008 +14 Jun 2008 , L. -R +R . Malabarba, -V +V . A. Bertaco, F. C. Jerep, -T +T . P. Carvalho & C. M. Bührnheim. -UFRGS +UFRGS 21765, 3, -24.7– 28.7 mm +24.7– 28.7 mm SL, rio Juruá, -2 km +2 km above mouth of Juburi, Carauari, -05º10’15”S -67º13’27”W +05º10’15”S +67º13’27”W , -15 Jun 2008 +15 Jun 2008 , L. -R +R . Malabarba, -V +V . A. Bertaco, F. C. Jerep, -T +T . P. Carvalho & C. M. Bührnheim. -UFRGS +UFRGS 21803, 2, -21.1–21.4 mm +21.1–21.4 mm SL, sand beach of rio Juruá, Carauari, -05º06’20”S -67º02’33”W +05º06’20”S +67º02’33”W , -17 Jun 2008 +17 Jun 2008 , L. -R +R . Malabarba, -V +V . A. Bertaco, F. C. Jerep, -T +T . P. Carvalho & C. M. Bührnheim. -USNM +USNM 356381, 17 of 19, 29.1–42.0 mm SL, rio Amazonas, Manaus, -ca +ca . -03º14’S -59º59’W +03º14’S +59º59’W , -8 Nov 1977 +8 Nov 1977 , P. Bayley. - -Rondônia + +Rondônia . -MCP +MCP 39868, 50 (2 c&s), -22.8–40.6 mm +22.8–40.6 mm SL, rio Mamoré at Cristo Rei district, rio Madeira basin, Guajará-Mirim, -10º47’03”S -65º20’58”W +10º47’03”S +65º20’58”W , -25 Jul 2004 +25 Jul 2004 , -R +R . E. Reis, P. A. Buckup, P. Lehmann, -V +V . A. Bertaco & F. Langeani. -UFRGS +UFRGS 23293, 2, -40.3–44.9 mm +40.3–44.9 mm SL, mouth of rio Jaci-Paraná into rio Madeira, Porto Velho, -09º09’41”S -64º23’55”W +09º09’41”S +64º23’55”W , -30 Nov 2014 +30 Nov 2014 , M. Granai, L. F. M. Neto & -R +R . -R +R . Luna. -UFRGS +UFRGS 25775, 22, -22.5–35.8 mm +22.5–35.8 mm SL, rio Madeira, -UHE +UHE Jirau, Porto Velho, -08º49’32”S -63º58’43”W +08º49’32”S +63º58’43”W , -1 Jul 2016 +1 Jul 2016 , M. Granai, L. F. M. Neto & -R +R . -R +R . Luna. -UFRGS +UFRGS 26693, 1, -30.4 mm +30.4 mm SL, -UHE +UHE Santo Antônio, above Cachoeira de Morrinhos, São Carlos, -09º00’46”S -64º15’05”W +09º00’46”S +64º15’05”W , -28 Jun 2015 +28 Jun 2015 , M. Granai, L. F. M. Neto & -R +R . -R +R . Luna. - -Peru + +Peru , -Loreto +Loreto . -ANSP +ANSP 149926, 12, 36.0– -41.9 mm +41.9 mm SL, Río Amazonas (Maranon) -Isla +Isla Iquitos, -03º31’56”S -73º04’28”W +03º31’56”S +73º04’28”W , -16 Oct 1955 +16 Oct 1955 , M. Hohn. -INHS +INHS 39883, 14, -24.1–39.8 mm +24.1–39.8 mm SL, Río Amazonas across from Puebla Gallito, -7.68 mi +7.68 mi SE Iquitos, -03º49’15”S -73º09’43”W +03º49’15”S +73º09’43”W , -21 Aug 1996 +21 Aug 1996 , M. H. Sabaj -et al +et al . -INHS +INHS 40242, 2, -31.2–35.7 mm +31.2–35.7 mm SL, Río Amazonas, about 10 and 40 min upstream from mouth caño Zapatilla, near town of Yanashi, -ca +ca . -03º32’S -72º17’W +03º32’S +72º17’W , -14 Aug 1996 +14 Aug 1996 , M. H. Sabaj -et al +et al . -MUSM +MUSM 258, 11, -37.5– 38.7 mm +37.5– 38.7 mm SL, Río Amazonas, Brinet., -04º01’04”S -71º05’43”W +04º01’04”S +71º05’43”W , -27 Sep 1982 +27 Sep 1982 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 10769, 3, -33.5–40.3 mm +33.5–40.3 mm SL, Amazonas, -Santa Elena +Santa Elena , -02º10’43”S -73º50’26”W +02º10’43”S +73º50’26”W , -25 Sep 1973 +25 Sep 1973 , W. Medina. -MUSM +MUSM 18088, 1, -42.6 mm +42.6 mm SL, Parinari, Río Marañón, Frente a Berlin, -04º33’45”S -74º28’25”W +04º33’45”S +74º28’25”W , -8 Mar 2001 +8 Mar 2001 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 18103, 1, -48.2 mm +48.2 mm SL, Nauta, Río Marañón, Gran Punta, -04º30’30”S -73º33’47”W +04º30’30”S +73º33’47”W , -10 Mar 2001 +10 Mar 2001 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 40534, 104, -28.2–48.8 mm +28.2–48.8 mm SL, Parinari, Río Marañón, Santa Rita de Castilla, -04º38’20”S -74º20’16.9”W +04º38’20”S +74º20’16.9”W , -30 May 2011 +30 May 2011 , J. Chuctaya. -MUSM +MUSM 40676, 57, -16.1–46.7 mm +16.1–46.7 mm SL, Río Marañón, Trompeteros, -04º45’14”S -75º04’27”W +04º45’14”S +75º04’27”W , -29 May 2011 +29 May 2011 , M. Rojas. -MUSM +MUSM 42219, 9, -38.2–42.7 mm +38.2–42.7 mm SL, Río Marañón, aguas arriba de la -CCNN -San Pedro +CCNN +San Pedro , -04º44’53”S -74º52’27”W +04º44’53”S +74º52’27”W , -15 Nov 2011 +15 Nov 2011 , J. Chuctaya. -MUSM +MUSM 42243, 9, -37.9–41.8 mm +37.9–41.8 mm SL, Trompeteros, Río Marañon, -04º45’02”S -74º51’10”W +04º45’02”S +74º51’10”W , -14 Nov 2011 +14 Nov 2011 , J. Chuctaya. -MUSM +MUSM 48489, 11, -39.7–42.7 mm +39.7–42.7 mm SL, Urarinas, Río Marañón, -San Pedro +San Pedro , -04º45’03”S -75º04’18”W +04º45’03”S +75º04’18”W , -25 Nov 2013 +25 Nov 2013 , D. Faustino. -MUSM +MUSM 50027, 1, -32.1 mm +32.1 mm SL, Urarinas, Río Marañón, -San Pedro +San Pedro , -04º45’03”S -75º04’18”W +04º45’03”S +75º04’18”W , -25 Jun 2014 +25 Jun 2014 , D. Faustino. -USNM +USNM 280635, 1, -19.7 mm +19.7 mm SL, Río Amazonas about -30 km +30 km downriver of Iquitos, -03º31’56”S -73º04’28”W +03º31’56”S +73º04’28”W , -21 Aug 1986 +21 Aug 1986 , -R +R . P. Vari, H. Ortega & A. G. Gerberich. -San Martín. -MUSM +San Martín. +MUSM 67360, 1, -30.6 mm +30.6 mm SL, Mariscal Caceres, Pajarillo, Amazonas, Río Huallaga, -07º10’55”S -76º41’46”W +07º10’55”S +76º41’46”W , -23 Jun 2019 +23 Jun 2019 , -R +R . - + Quispe. -Ucayali +Ucayali . -MUSM +MUSM 257, 4, -21.41–32.07 mm +21.41–32.07 mm SL, Pucallpa, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Bahuanisho, -08º32’26”S -74º20’20”W +08º32’26”S +74º20’20”W , -20 Apr 1983 +20 Apr 1983 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 259, 22, -37.6–40.6 mm +37.6–40.6 mm SL, Ucayali, Pucallpa, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Bagazan, -04º43’21”S -73º31’55”W +04º43’21”S +73º31’55”W , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 582, 15, -24.3–40.6 mm +24.3–40.6 mm SL, Masisea, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , -08º33’03”S -74º20’03”W +08º33’03”S +74º20’03”W , -6 Oct 1975 +6 Oct 1975 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 1875, 64, -17.5–28.1 mm +17.5–28.1 mm SL, Pucallpa, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Bahuanisho, -08º32’26”S -74º20’20”W +08º32’26”S +74º20’20”W , -21 May 1974 +21 May 1974 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 2102, 1, -41.1 mm +41.1 mm SL, Pucallpa, Bagazan, -04º43’21”S -73º31’55”W +04º43’21”S +73º31’55”W , -22 Dec 1986 +22 Dec 1986 , H. Ortega. -MUSM +MUSM 2294, 5, -41.4–44.8 mm +41.4–44.8 mm SL, Ucayali, Pucallpa, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , -08º19’51”S -74º35’30”W +08º19’51”S +74º35’30”W , -22 Dec 1986 +22 Dec 1986 , H. Ortega-A. -MUSM +MUSM 3143, 3, -42.3– 44.6 mm +42.3– 44.6 mm SL, Requena, Genaro Herrera, Ucayali, -04º54’44”S -73º40’59”W +04º54’44”S +73º40’59”W , -28 Feb 1992 +28 Feb 1992 , P. de Rham & F. Chang. -MUSM +MUSM 9800, 2, -39.9–42.3 mm +39.9–42.3 mm SL, Pucallpa, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , -08º19’51”S -74º35’30”W +08º19’51”S +74º35’30”W , -30 Oct 1982 +30 Oct 1982 , C. Villanueva. -MUSM +MUSM 15053, 3, 34.0– -37.5 mm +37.5 mm SL, Coronel Portillo, Pucallpa, Ucayali, Pto La Hoyada, -08º21’45”S -74º31’10”W +08º21’45”S +74º31’10”W , -20 Aug 1984 +20 Aug 1984 , H. Ortega. -MZUSP +MZUSP 25943, 1, -38.3 mm +38.3 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Masisea, -08º36’28”S -74º18’19”W +08º36’28”S +74º18’19”W , -6 Nov 1975 +6 Nov 1975 , H. Ortega. -MZUSP +MZUSP 26149, 1, 39.0 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , Bagazan, Cel. Portillo, -08º23’17”S -74º34’50”W +08º23’17”S +74º34’50”W , -25 Nov 1979 +25 Nov 1979 , H. Ortega. -UFRGS +UFRGS 27444, 9, -40.4–44.8 mm +40.4–44.8 mm SL, Playa San José, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , near Contamana, -07°13’58”S -74°34’48”W +07°13’58”S +74°34’48”W , -Sep 2018 +Sep 2018 , J. Chuctaya. -UFRGS +UFRGS 27445, 3, -40.5–43.1 mm +40.5–43.1 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali at Capironal, near Contamana, -07°19’19”S -75°12’44”W +07°19’19”S +75°12’44”W , -Sep 2018 +Sep 2018 , J. Chuctaya. -UFRGS +UFRGS 27446, 4, -32.8–42.3 mm +32.8–42.3 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali at Cushibatay, near mouth of Río Cushibatay, -07°05’14”S -75°08’40”W +07°05’14”S +75°08’40”W , -Sep 2018 +Sep 2018 , J. Chuctaya. -UFRGS +UFRGS 27447, 3, -40.4–47.3 mm +40.4–47.3 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , -05°34’42”S -74°29’42”W +05°34’42”S +74°29’42”W , -Sep 2018 +Sep 2018 , J. Chuctaya. -UFRGS +UFRGS 27448, 1, -42.8 mm +42.8 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , near Galilea, -07°25’23”S -75°02’29”W +07°25’23”S +75°02’29”W , -Sep 2018 +Sep 2018 , J. Chuctaya. -USNM +USNM 280541, 15 (3 c&s), -30.1–41.5 mm +30.1–41.5 mm SL, -Río Ucayali +Río Ucayali , -08º31’S -74º22’W +08º31’S +74º22’W , -R +R . P. Vari, H. Ortega & A. G. Gerberich & J. A. Louton. -Madre de Dios. -MUSM +Madre de Dios. +MUSM 28147, 9, 39.6–43.0 mm SL, Tambopata, Cantera Cachuela Huesembre, -12º33’23”S -69º10’04”W +12º33’23”S +69º10’04”W , -5 Sep 2006 +5 Sep 2006 , S. Martinez. diff --git a/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20661FECFEB96FA45FA5A.xml b/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20661FECFEB96FA45FA5A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..65989feb9b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20661FECFEB96FA45FA5A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,632 @@ + + + +In honor of conservation of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: description of two new damselflies of the genus Forcepsioneura discovered in private protected areas (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) + + + +Author + +Pinto, Ângelo Parise +appinto@ufpr.br + + + +Author + +Kompier, Tom +Schoutenstraat 69, 2596 SK, Den Haag, The Netherlands. + +text + + +Zoologia + + +2018 + +e 21351 + + +2018-06-29 + + +35 + + +1 +19 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e21351 + +journal article +10.3897/zoologia.35.e21351 +1984-4689 +13349197 +2961994A-B275-4653-86DB-80B5952C0D42 + + + + + + +Forcepsioneura regua + +sp. nov. + + + +http://zoobank.org/ +389F29AC-9E25-4154-80ED-C92FAFE9801C + + + + +Figs 1–6 +, +17–20 +, +24–28 +, +31–32 +, +35, 37 + + + + + + +Forcepsioneura garrisoni + +nec +Lencioni, 1999 +: — +Costa and Oldrini (2005: 200 +, 208, key, misidentification of specimens from Rio de Janeiro State,Ilha da Marambaia island); — +Anjos-Santos and Costa (2006: 41 +, misidentification based on +Costa and Oldrini 2005 +). + + + + + + + +Forcepsioneura haerteli + +nec +Machado, 2001 +: — + +Pessacq et al. (2012: 6 + +, misidentification of a male from +Rio de Janeiro State +, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Japuíba, Santana River). + + + + +Forcepsioneura +sp. + +: — +Garrison et al. (2010: 358–360 +, 479, figs 2380, 2383, 2386, 2389, illustrations of wings, middle and posterior lobes of prothorax in laterodorsal view, and caudal appendages in lateral and dorsolateral views of a male from Ilha da Marambaia island, +Rio de Janeiro State +, +Brazil +); — +Kompier (2015) +: 112–113, photos of male and female habitus on the field from the +type +locality, characterization, comparison with + +Epipleoneura venezuelensis + +, + +F. lucia + +, and + +F. sancta + +, notes on habitat and behavior). + + + + +Diagnosis. Small, dorsally metallic greenish-blue, lateroventrally light blue and yellowish striped protoneurid; frons angulated; rear of head pale; CuP&AA indistinct; Ax space 1 as long as Ax space 3; GL with long inner fold and distal lateral lobe prolonged into a flagellum; cercus forcipate with mediobasal (MBP) and ventrobasal (VBP) processes, except for ill-defined prothoracic tubercle-like process, all characters agreeing with the definition of + +Forcepsioneura + +as recently diagnosed (Machado 2009, +Garrison et al. 2010 +). + + +The comparatively longer VBP, longer than 0.53 of total cercus length (dorsal branch) in lateral view, allows separation of males of + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +from species of the orange-black group (VBP ≤ 0.40 of cercus length in + +F. grossiorum + +, + +F. lucia + +, and + +F. serrabonita + +sp. nov. +); anteromesal margin of MBP acute in dorsal view ( +Fig. 25 +) separates it from + +F. sancta + +(largely rounded in dorsal view; sensu +Machado 2001 +); apex of VBP acute and MBP not visible in lateral view ( +Figs 5 +, +24 +) from + +F. itatiaiae + +(apex of VBP truncated and MBP visible in lateral view); VBP shorter, not reaching ventral margin of S +10 in +lateral view, and apex strongly curved internally ( +Figs 5 +, +24–26 +) from + +F. haerteli + +(which has a longer VBP at level of S10, and apex slightly curved internally). + + +Based on its general color and size, + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +is most similar to + +F.garrisoni + +. Indeed, these two species are remarkably similar due to the blue stripes on thorax (light blue group). The short MP vein, which reaches distally at most 0.5 of the length of cell distal to the vein descending from subnodus, and the fin-shaped plate of MBP with an acute and strongly anteriorly directed apex in laterodorsal view are unique to these two species and separate them from all other known species in the genus. The short VBP, not reaching ventral margin of S10 ventrally, and posterolateral margin of median lobe of prothorax lacking a defined tubercle-like process distinguish + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +from + +F. garrisoni + +(VBP long, ventrally reaching the ventral margin of S10, and posterolateral margin of median lobe of prothorax with a strongly defined conical tubercle-like projection). The ill-defined process on prothorax is unique for + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +( +Figs 1–3 +, +17 +, +27–28 +). + + +Despite the fact that the blue coloration and the ill-defined process on the prothorax of + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +appear to be unique to females of this species, females of other + +Forcepsioneura + +are poorly known. Consequently, females should be identified through comparison with descriptions, figures, and their association with males. + + +Description of the male +holotype +. Head ( +Figs 1–2 +): Labium, visible parts of maxilla and mandibles (except apex) ivory yellow. Genae yellowish, darkening gradually posteriorly. Labrum dark brown to black with ventral 0.25 yellowish-orange, extended to 0.50 mesally, areas close to clypeolabral suture paler. Anteclypeus with lateral and mesal membranous ventral part yellowish, remainder part forming a rectangular black plate, postclypeus shining black. Antefrons, postfrons and remainder of epicranium black with shining bluish metallic reflections after postfrontal suture over postocular area. Antenna, antennifer and scape black, posterior surface of pedicel light brown, all parts with laterofrontal surface and distal apex of scape ivory yellow; flagellum lost. Posterior region of the cranium (“postgena” plus “occiput”) ivory yellow, 0.33 dorsal brownish-black. + + + + +Thorax ( +Figs 1–3 +, +17 +): Prothorax dorsally black, gradually lightening ventrally to brown laterally, ventral 0.3 of pleural sclerites yellow, notum with a ventrolateral whitish-blue stripe; anterior margin of anterior lobe black mesally, yellow laterally, + + +posterolateral margin of median lobe with a very weak projection resembling the tubercle-like process observed in other + +Forcepsioneura + +( +Figs 3 +, +17 +); posterior lobe asymmetrically convex, narrower than median lobe in dorsal view, right half slightly deformed ( +Fig. 17 +); sternellum (furcasternum sensu +Asahina 1954 +) almost entirely black. Synthorax ( +Fig. 35 +) dorsally dark, gradually lightening ventrally; mesepisternum from mesostigmal region to antealar sinus dark brown to black with bluish metallic reflections, with a brown stripe occupying 0.33 of width running longitudinally to mesopleural suture; mesepimeron and metepisternum brown with irregular darker areas and a wide light blue longitudinal stripe running from posterolateral angle of mesinfraepisternum to antealar processes, occupying at maximum 0.33 of mesepimeron to 0.80 of metepisternum width, a mesal dark dot at level of intersegmental suture; metepimeron ivory yellow with a small brown area close to metapleural suture posteriorly; metapostepimeron ivory yellow with a black spot at lateroventral angle. Legs ivory yellow with irregular dark brown to black areas in the articulations of femur-tibia and tarsal segments, dorsal surface of femora, tibiae and apex of pretarsal claws (pretarsus); spurs black, except scale-like ivory yellow two proximal femoral spurs and tibial comb of prothoracic leg; anteroventral surface of femora armed with long and robust spurs, three in pro-, four in meso- and metathoracic femora, posteroventral surface with shorter and thinner spurs, +5 in +pro-, +5–6 in +meso- and +6–8 in +metathoracic femora; anteroventral surface of tibiae armed with 9–10 spurs in pro- (4–5 of tibial comb), +5–6 in +meso-, 6 metathoracic, length similar to intervening spaces; pretarsal claws with distinct acute supplementary inferior tooth at ca 0.50 of their length in all legs. + + + +Abdomen ( +Figs 31–32 +): Tergites of S1–10 dark brown to black dorsally, light brown to ivory yellow lateroventrally, distinctly darker in S8–10; tergites with a very thin pale line along the dorsal carina on S1–8; sternites similar in color to adjacent areas of tergites except 0.5 posterior of S8 dark brown with a transverse posterior yellow stripe contiguous to and with similar width of yellow posterior field of tergite. Ovipositor ( +Fig. 32 +) distally reaching level of cercus in lateral view, dark brown, lightening distally, dorsal lobe of third valve (gonoplac of S9) yellow, ventral surface smooth; stylus dark brown, tip yellow. Cercus, epiproct and paraproct dark brown to black. + + +Measurements (mm). Total length (incl. caudal appendages) 35.2; abdomen length (excluding caudal appendages) 30.5; head maximum width 2.9; Fw length 21.2; Hw length 20.2; Fw maximum width 3.7; Hw maximum width 3.8; Pt length +0.53 in +Fw; +0.54 in +Hw; length of metathoracic femur 2.0; metathoracic tibia 2.2; length of S9+ +10 in +lateral view 1.0; total length of cercus in lateral view 0.28. + + +Variation in male +paratypes +. The nine other males are very similar to +holotype +except for minor differences described below. + + +Head:Antefrons ivory yellow with a mesal ill-defined brown line; occipital bar with a yellow spot. Flagellum dark brown. Thorax: Prothorax paler with whitish-blue ventrolateral stripe faint; posterior lobe truncated or with small median concavity. Light blue longitudinal stripe on synthorax occupying at maximum 0.5 of mesepimeron width to almost entire metepisternum. Long and robust spurs on anteroventral surface of femora +3–4 in +pro-, +4 in +meso- and +4–5 in +meta-, posteroventral surface with shorter and thinner spurs, +3–5 in +pro-, +4–6 in +meso- and +5–8 in +metathoracic femora; anteroventral surface of tibiae armed with 9–11 spurs in pro- (4–5 of tibial comb), +5–6 in +meso-, +5–6 in +metathorax. + +Abdomen: Paraproct orange-yellow to dark brown. + +Measurements (mm, n = 5). Total length (incl. caudal appendages) 31.7–35.9; abdomen length (excluding caudal appendages) 27.0–30.8; head maximum width 2.8–3.0; Fw length 17.3–19.2; Hw length 16.5–18.0; Fw maximum width 3.0–3.5; Hw maximum width 2.9–3.3; Pt length +0.44–0.58 in +Fw; +0.46– 0.58 in +Hw; length of metathoracic femur 1.7–1.9; metathoracic tibia 1.9–2.1; length of S9+ +10 in +lateral view 1.1–1.3; length of cercus (dorsal branch) in lateral view 0.42–0.60; length of ventrobasal process in lateral view 0.30–0.36. + +Larva. Unknown. + + +Material +examined ( +10 males +, +2 females +). +Holotype +male and +paratype +female (in tandem), +BRAZIL +. +Rio de Janeiro State +: + +Cachoeiras +de Macacu + +municipality, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu +( +REGUA +), forest fragment ( +22°28’08”S +, +42°45’39”W +, + +42 m +a.s.l. + +), + +27.VII.2012 + +, +T.M.F. Kompier +leg. ( +DZRJ 2071 +); +1 male +paratype +, same data but pond with macrophytes ( +22°27’10”S +, +42°46’13”W +, + +34 m +a.s.l. + +), + +03.XII.2009 + +, +A.L. Carvalho +& +Disciplina Técnicas de Coleta +PPGZoo/UFRJ leg.( +DZRJ 315 +, DNA voucher +ENT3609 +); +1 male +paratype +, same data but stream at small wetland ( +22°25’51”S +, +42°45’39”W +, + +75 m +a.s.l. + +), + +02.III.2013 + +, +T.M.F. Kompier +leg. ( +DZRJ 326 +); +2 male +paratypes +, same data but +22°28’04”S +, +42°45’32”W +, + +70 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.I.2014 + +, ( +DZRJ 2251 +, DNA voucher ENT2854; +DZRJ 2252 +, DNA voucher +ENT3608 +); +1 male +paratype +, same municipality but [District of] Japuíba [ +22°33’46”S +, +42°41’30”W +, + +26 m +a.s.l. + +], +Rio Santana +(sic, +Rio Macacu +?), + +08.V.1983 + +, +J.M. Costa +leg. ( +MNRJ +ODO-0011, DNA voucher +ENT2368 +); +2 male +paratypes +, Mangaratiba municipality, +Ilha de Marambaia +, + +Gruta +da Santa + +( +23°03’35”S +, +43°57’56”W +, + +100 m +a.s.l. + +), + +02.XII.2000 + +, +R.W. Garrison +leg. ( +RWG +, DNA voucher ENT3016; +DZUP 498845 +); +1 male +and +1 female +paratypes +, same data but + +04.XII.2000 + +( +RWG +); +1 male +paratype +, same data but temporary pool close to areal (MNRJ-ODO 0208, DNA voucher +ENT3607 +). Specimens in +DZRJ +collected under ICMBIO/SISBIO license numbers 25034-1, 25034-2, and 25034-3. + + + +Biological and ecological data. Males were observed at seeps from peaty substrate at the forest edge and on very shallow, small streams with abundant leaf litter and limited flow. Even though observations were made on sunny days, they seem to avoid direct sunlight, perching suspended from the tips of leaves and grasses, or on the leaf litter. Streams were either partially or fully covered by trees and bushes. Females were observed in the same habitat. Both males and females were seen flying very slowly, and appeared to float in the air. Copulation lasted up to 10 minutes. Females were observed ovipositing unattended on a muddy substrate. Their habitat was shared with + +Heteragrion aurantiacum +Selys, 1862 + +, + +H. consors +Hagen + +in Selys, 1862 and + +Acanthagrion gracile +(Rambur, 1842) + +, species that are tolerant to disturbed habitats in typical southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. + + +Etymology. Noun in apposition in reference to the acronym of the +type +locality, Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (REGUA), a private reserve maintained for conservation, scientific research and environmental education. + + +Remarks. This species has been known to specialists for at least eighteen years (e.g., +Garrison 2000 +). Some specimens of the +type +series of + +F. regua + +sp. nov. +had been previously determined as + +F. garrisoni + +, + +F. haerteli + +or + +F. sancta + +by distinct specialists. For example, +Costa and Oldrini (2005) +cited this species as + +F. garrisoni + +from Ilha da Marambaia island in Rio de Janeiro, and provided an illustration of the cercus in laterointernal view (their fig.30). Even though that illustration agrees with + +F.garrisoni + +, we think that it was modified from the original description of that species. We believe this because other illustrations in that paper were clearly extracted from previous works, and reproduced with minor modifications. Individuals of the population from Ilha da Marambaia island are distinctly larger than those from the +type +locality in REGUA. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20665FECFEB96FD54F98B.xml b/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20665FECFEB96FD54F98B.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 513d059f073..00000000000 --- a/data/B2/4A/49/B24A496CFFC20665FECFEB96FD54F98B.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,79 +0,0 @@ - - - -In honor of conservation of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: description of two new damselflies of the genus Forcepsioneura discovered in private protected areas (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) - - - -Author - -Pinto, Ângelo Parise -appinto@ufpr.br - - - -Author - -Kompier, Tom -Schoutenstraat 69, 2596 SK, Den Haag, The Netherlands. - -text - - -Zoologia - - -2018 - -e 21351 - - -2018-06-29 - - -35 - - -1 -19 - - - - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e21351 - -journal article -10.3897/zoologia.35.e21351 -1984-4689 -2961994A-B275-4653-86DB-80B5952C0D42 - - - - - - -Forcepsioneura regua - -sp. nov. - - - -http://zoobank.org/ -389F29AC-9E25-4154-80ED-C92FAFE9801C - - - - -Figs 1–6 -, -17–20 -, -24–28 -, -31–32 -, -35, 37 - - - - \ No newline at end of file
- -A. howesi + + + + - - - + - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + +
+ +A. howesi - -P. alleni + + +P. alleni
-Paratypes +
+Paratypes -Non-types + +Non-types -Paratypes + +Paratypes
-H +
+H -Range + +Range -Mean + +Mean -Range + +Range -Mean + +Mean -H + +H -Range + +Range -Mean + +Mean
Standard length (mm)41.838.5–41.740.324.7–44.437.433.624.7–37.132.3
Standard length (mm)41.838.5–41.740.324.7–44.437.433.624.7–37.132.3
-Percents of standard length +
+Percents of standard length
Preanal distance68.764.9–69.567.363.3–71.665.765.865.0–69.467.1
Preanal distance68.764.9–69.567.363.3–71.665.765.865.0–69.467.1
Predorsal distance48.949.0–52.550.645.4–52.048.446.847.0–51.349.0
Predorsal distance48.949.0–52.550.645.4–52.048.446.847.0–51.349.0
Prepelvic distance46.245.2–48.846.842.5–49.545.2–43.9–48.146.3
Prepelvic distance46.245.2–48.846.842.5–49.545.2–43.9–48.146.3
Dorsal-fin base13.411.8–13.312.810.4–14.613.313.411.6–14.613.2
Dorsal-fin base13.411.8–13.312.810.4–14.613.313.411.6–14.613.2
Anal-fin base29.427.4–31.428.722.2–29.426.921.422.2–29.724.8
Anal-fin base29.427.4–31.428.722.2–29.426.921.422.2–29.724.8
Caudal peduncle length8.07.7–10.89.58.0–13.311.810.79.2–13.311.1
Caudal peduncle length8.07.7–10.89.58.0–13.311.810.79.2–13.311.1
Caudal peduncle depth11.310.8–12.111.39.7–12.211.110.49.7–11.610.8
Caudal peduncle depth11.310.8–12.111.39.7–12.211.110.49.7–11.610.8
Body depth31.230.6–33.331.925.7–31.828.527.726.1–30.028.1
Body depth31.230.6–33.331.925.7–31.828.527.726.1–30.028.1
Dorsal-fin length28.826.4–30.628.924.0–29.927.6–24.6–28.226.9
Dorsal-fin length28.826.4–30.628.924.0–29.927.6–24.6–28.226.9
Pelvic-fin length15.915.8–17.716.514.7–18.316.114.015.2–17.216.3
Pelvic-fin length15.915.8–17.716.514.7–18.316.114.015.2–17.216.3
Pectoral-fin length18.618.7–20.219.418.0–18.818.516.718.0–21.319.3
Pectoral-fin length18.618.7–20.219.418.0–18.818.516.718.0–21.319.3
Head length22.822.5–23.623.020.9–25.422.023.822.2–25.423.9
Head length22.822.5–23.623.020.9–25.422.023.822.2–25.423.9
-Percents of head length +
+Percents of head length
Snout length23.922.8–25.823.921.0–29.525.425.021.0–25.323.7
Snout length23.922.8–25.823.921.0–29.525.425.021.0–25.323.7
Upper jaw length26.324.0–27.225.724.0–33.628.932.525.4–33.030.4
Upper jaw length26.324.0–27.225.724.0–33.628.932.525.4–33.030.4
Orbital diameter30.831.0–34.231.928.9–40.231.731.230.9–37.933.7
Orbital diameter30.831.0–34.231.928.9–40.231.731.230.9–37.933.7
Interorbital width34.133.7–36.334.430.7–40.633.733.732.4–36.934.6
Interorbital width34.133.7–36.334.430.7–40.633.733.732.4–36.934.6
-
 - -FIGURE 12 | - -Amblystilbe howesi + + +FIGURE 12 | + +Amblystilbe howesi , MCP 39868, 38.7 mm SL. SEM image of left side upper and lower jaws teeth. -A. +A. Premaxilla (with at least two missing teeth). -B. +B. Maxilla. -C. +C. Dentary. - - + + + FIGURE 13 | - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi . -A. +A. UFRGS 21765, 40.0 mm SL, -B. +B. UFRGS 21754, 33.0 mm SL, Juruá River, 2 km above mouth of Juburi, Carauari, Amazonas, Brazil. -C. +C. CAS 119050, paratype of - -Prodontocharax alleni + +Prodontocharax alleni , 28.1 mm SL, Ucayali River, Cashiboya, Ucayali, Peru. Photos: Luiz R. Malabarba. - -FIGURE 14 | + + +FIGURE 14 | Collection locality of - -Amblystilbe howesi + +Amblystilbe howesi , near Contamana, Ucayali River basin, Ucayali, Peru. + +Figures 1–6. + +Forcepsioneura regua + +sp. nov. +, holotype male (Brazil. RJ: Cachoeiras de Macacu,DZRJ 2071): (1–2) head in dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views; (3) prothorax in lateral view; (4–6) caudal appendages in dorsal (4), lateral (5) and dorsolateral (6) views. Scale bars = 1 mm. + + + +Figures 7–12. + +Forcepsioneura serrabonita + +sp. nov. +, holotype male (Brazil. BA: Camacan, DZRJ 0050): (7–8) head in dorsal (7) and ventral (8) views;(9) prothorax in dorsolateral view; (10–12) caudal appendages in dorsal (10), lateral (11) and dorsolateral (12) views. Scale bars = 1 mm. + + +Figs 18–20; based on paratype) with L1 smooth, without any kind of special setae; L2 with posterolateral portion of flexure projected distally beyond median region, making its margin concave in ectal view; distal margin of L2 (tip of ligula) with a mesal concavity (Fig. 18), lateral margins prolonged into two curved long flagella, in ectal view basally almost perpendicular, afterwards twisted (Figs 18–20); internal fold proximal to flexure, long with ca 0.4 of L2 total length in lateral view; no sclerotized tubercle at flexure. Epiproct reduced to a membranous-like plate. Cercus (Figs 4–6, 24–26) brown to dark brown, apex of cercus, ventrobasal and mediobasal processes black; cercus in lateral view slightly directed obliquely dorsad, gradually tapering distally; ventrobasal process perpendicular to dorsal branch, length ca 0.66 of cercus, apex stoutly rounded, at distal 0.2 distinctly curved posteriorly, distal edge at 0.7 from distance of ventrobasal process base to margin of S10; mediobasal process not visible in lateral view (Figs 5, 24); tip of cercus blunt; in dorsal view forcipate, proximally wide, slender distally; lateral margin almost straight, internal margin very slightly curved, apexes converging (Figs 4, 25); mediobasal process as a very acute fin-shaped plate, apex strongly directed anteriorly, positioned at basal 0.2 (Fig. 25); in posterior view directed ventrally obliquely and projected from a dilated area of cercus; apex of ventrobasal process broadly acute and abruptly curved in posterior view (Fig. 26). Paraproct orange-yellow, plate-like. +Measurements (mm). Total length (incl. caudal appendages) 33.5; abdomen length (excluding caudal appendages) 28.8; head maximum width 2.9; Fw length 18.5; Hw length 17.4; Fw maximum width 3.3, Hw maximum width 3.3; Pt length 0.47 in Fw, 0.49 in Hw; length of metathoracic femur 1.6; metathoracic tibia 1.7; length of S9+10 in lateral view 1.1; length of cercus (dorsal branch) in lateral view 0.45; length of ventrobasal process in lateral view 0.29. + +Wings ( +Fig. 35 +): Membrane hyaline; venation dark brown to black; Pt black, quadrangular; MP reaches anal margin at the vein descending from subnodus or very slightly distal, covering 2 cells in all wings; Px in Fw 11; Hw 9; RP2 originating at Px +5 in +Fw, at Px +4 in +Hw. + +Female paratype. Similar to holotype but paler, differences described below. + +Abdomen ( +Figs 4–6 +, +18–20 +, +24–26 +, +35 +): S1–10 tergites dark brown to black dorsally, light brown to ivory yellow lateroventrally, darker in S8–10, with a very thin line along dorsal carina on S1–8; sternites similar in color to adjacent areas of tergites, yellow ivory in S1, remainder segments yellow to light brown with irregular dark areas, S9 dark brown; pale longitudinal stripe occupying ventral 0.5 of tergites S1–6 laterally, gradually narrowing to ca +0.2 in +S8, a narrow line in S9 and ill-defined areas in S10; S3–7 with a narrow anterior pale ring ≤0.1 of segment total length, separated dorsally in S3; S1–7 cylindrical, S8–10 distinctly wider than previous segments, S7 width 0.6 of posterior part of S8 width; posterior margin of S10 with a shallow and wide concavity. Secondary genitalia ( +Figs 18–20 +) typical of Coenagrionoidea, anterior lamina with a deep and acute incision, anterior hamule quadrangular, with anteroventral angle acutely projected, posterior hamule almost entirely internalized with a curved thumb-shape; VS longer than wide, maximum width 0.3 of total length in ventral view. Genital ligula (as in + +Head (Fig. 27): Labrum greenish-brown to light brown with ventral 0.25 yellowish, extended mesally to 0.50. Antefrons with mesal pale rounded spot. Posterior region of the cranium (“postgena” plus “occiput”) ivory yellow, dorsal 0.20 brownish-black. +Thorax (Figs 27–28): Mesal projection of posterior lobe of prothorax with a small concavity divided into two lobes (Fig. 28). Anteroventral surface of femora armed with long and robust spurs, 3 in pro-, 4 in meso- and metathoracic femora, right metafemur with 7 supernumerary spurs, posteroventral surface with shorter and thinner spurs, 5 in pro-, 6 in mesoand metathoracic femora; anteroventral surface of tibiae armed with 5 spurs in meso-, 6 in metathoracic tibiae, length similar to intervening spaces (spurs not visible on the single preserved prothoracic leg). Wings: Pt brown, quadrangular but more rounded than in male; MP reaches anal margin at vein descending from subnodus in Fw and very slightly distal in Hw; Px in Fw 9–10; Hw 11. +