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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590" ID-PMC="PMC4816981" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-61-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8166F31259567442FF8EFF8D08373C4A" ID-PubMed="27081349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576354" ModsDocID="1314-2003-61-47" checkinTime="1456479393676" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Juswara, Lina, Schuiteman, Andre & Droissart, Vincent" docDate="2016" docId="AE5D0983D4295DADB78B65ECE64AE058" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 61: 47-59" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 61" docPubDate="2016-02-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590" docTitle="Taeniophyllum (sect. Loboglossum) pyriforme Schuit., Juswara & Droissart 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="8166F31259567442FF8EFF8D08373C4A" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="8166F31259567442FF8EFF8D08373C4A" masterDocTitle="Four new orchid species from the Lengguru fold belt, West Papua, Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1668141653723" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Four new orchid species from the Lengguru fold belt, West Papua, Indonesia</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Juswara, Lina</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Herbarium Bogoriense, Botany Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong Science Centre, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong-Bogor, 16911, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lina.juswara@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Schuiteman, Andre</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AB, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Droissart, Vincent</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9798-5616</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD), Unite Mixte de Recherche AMAP (Botanique et Bioinformatique de l'Architecture des Plantes), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A- 51 / PS 2, F- 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France & Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa & Madagascar Department, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. & Herbarium et Bibliotheque de Botanique africaine, CP 265, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Boulevard du Triomphe, B- 1050, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2016-02-25</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>61</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
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||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-61-47</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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||||
<subSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="taxonomic novelties">
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE5D0983D4295DADB78B65ECE64AE058" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE5D0983D4295DADB78B65ECE64AE058" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="AE5D0983-D429-5DAD-B78B-65ECE64AE058" authority="Schuit., Juswara & Droissart" authorityName="Schuit., Juswara & Droissart" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taeniophyllum pyriforme" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" section="Loboglossum" species="pyriforme" status="sp. nov.">Taeniophyllum (section Loboglossum Schltr.) pyriforme Schuit., Juswara & Droissart</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A Bulbophyllum leucoglossum: 1 flower 2 dorsal sepal 3 lateral sepal 4 petal; 5, lip, adaxial view 6 lip, abaxial view 7 detail of crest on lip 8 column and base of lip; all after Droissart & Juswara 1789; B Dendrobium centrosepalum: 1 flower 2 flower, lateral view 3 floral bract 4 dorsal sepal 5 lateral sepal 6 petal 7 lip 8 flower, cut open 9 column 10 anther 11 pollinia; all after Droissart & Juswara 1736; C Dendrobium taeniocaule: 1 flower 2 dorsal sepal 3 lateral sepal 4 petal 5 lip 6 mentum 7 column, lateral view 8 column, ventral view; all after Droissart & Juswara 1739; D Taeniophyllum pyriforme: 1 flower 2 dorsal sepal 3 lateral sepal 4 petal 5 lip 6 column 7 anther, dorsal view 8 anther, lateral view; all after Droissart & Juswara 1735. Single scale bar = 1 mm; double scale bar = 1 cm. Drawing: Judi Stone." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/79796" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Photographs of living type specimens and habitats. Dendrobium taeniocaule: A habitat and habit B plant C flower and part of pseudobulb D flower, front view E flower, side view. Taeniophyllum pyriforme: F habitat and habit G plant and inflorescence H inflorescence and flowers close-up. Photos: Vincent Droissart." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/79798" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">, 4F-H</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="53" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||||
Differs from all known species in sect.
|
||||
<taxonomicName genus="Loboglossum" lsidName="Loboglossum" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" rank="genus">
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Loboglossum</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
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||||
by the finely muricate peduncle and the hook-like basal lobules of the lateral lobes of the lip.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="type">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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Indonesia, West Papua Province, Kaimana Regency, Lobo village, Triton Bay,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="43.7962" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-3.7299366">03°43.7962'S</geoCoordinate>
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||||
,
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||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="3.5962" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.05994">134°3.5962'E</geoCoordinate>
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||||
, 28/10/2014,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Droissart & Juswara 1735</emphasis>
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||||
(holotype: BO!, spirit material).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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Leafless epiphytic
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">herb</emphasis>
|
||||
.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Stem</emphasis>
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||||
very short;
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">roots</emphasis>
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||||
spreading, green, flattened, not branching, up to at least 35 cm long, 1.5-3 mm wide; some of the roots closely appressed to the bark of the phorophyte, others free hanging.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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||||
c. 3 producing flowers at the same time, suberect, 5-6 cm long; peduncle filiform, 0.5 mm diam., rather sparsely muricate with c. 0.3 mm long projections; near the middle with a very small peduncle-scale; rachis distichous, glabrous, up to c. 16-flowered, with the flowers opening in succession, one or two at a time, gradually elongating, up to 11-14 mm long.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Floral bracts</emphasis>
|
||||
cupular, in lateral view triangular, subacute, 1.2 mm long; successive bracts on the same side of the rachis 1.8 mm apart.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Flowers</emphasis>
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apparently non-resupinate (always?), c. 5 mm high including the spur, glabrous, pale brownish yellow.
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Dorsal sepal</emphasis>
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||||
ovate, 3.3
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||||
1.5 mm, obtuse, 3-veined.
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Lateral sepals</emphasis>
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somewhat obliquely ovate, 2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.3 mm, obtuse; 3-veined; abaxially at the apex with a short lamella along the midvein.
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Petals</emphasis>
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||||
obliquely ovate, 3.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5 mm, obtuse, 3-veined.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Lip</emphasis>
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spurred, 3-lobed, ecallose, margins erect to incurved, when flattened 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||||
3.2 mm; lateral lobes semi-oblong, rounded, 2.0 mm long from base of lip to base of mid-lobe, at the base with an erect, narrowly triangular-uncinate lobule; mid-lobe reniform, 0.7
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2 mm, emarginate.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Column</emphasis>
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short, cylindrical, 1.1 long, 1.0 mm wide, with a short, bidentate rostellum;
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">stigma</emphasis>
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shallowly concave;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">anther</emphasis>
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cucullate, 0.9 cm long, 0.6 cm wide, apex rostrate, recurved;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">pollinia</emphasis>
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not seen.
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</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schuit., Juswara & Droissart" authorityYear="2016" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taeniophyllum pyriforme" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyriforme">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Taeniophyllum pyriforme</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is only known from Papua. It is recorded from a single locality near the village of Lobo in the Triton Bay (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Main localities sampled during Lengguru 2014 expedition and distribution of the four new species in West Papua, Indonesia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.61.7590.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/79795" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</figureCitation>
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). The only population seen so far was found in submontane forest at 1114 m elevation, the plants growing epiphytically on a sparsely moss-covered tree trunk at 1.5 m above the ground.
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||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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From the Latin
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">pyriforme</emphasis>
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, pear-shaped, referring to the shape of the spur.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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This inconspicuous but distinctive species would seem to fit best in section
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Loboglossum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Loboglossum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, on account of the clearly lobed lip, elongate inflorescence, distichous
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="54" start="start">rachis</pageBreakToken>
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, and glabrous ovary. However, a muricate inflorescence has not been reported for this section before (although the otherwise very different
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taeniophyllum toranum" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="toranum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Taeniophyllum toranum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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J.J.Sm. is described as having a furfuraceous-punctate peduncle and rachis, while the no less distinct
|
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taeniophyllum pulvinatum" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulvinatum">
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Taeniophyllum pulvinatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is said to have a minutely glandulose peduncle). The basal, hook-like lobules on the lip are also unique.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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It is likely that a large number of species of
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Taeniophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taeniophyllum" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Taeniophyllum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
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still await discovery in New Guinea. We believe this to be the case because most of the species are easily overlooked; the flowers often last only a day or less; and many of the known species are only recorded from the type. New Guinea is clearly the centre of diversity for this genus, with 130 species currently recorded.
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</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
</treatment>
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||||
</subSection>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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data/AE/5D/0F/AE5D0FB1597C0930177F2CE9E9B5D2F7.xml
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cirrhilabrus wakanda, a new species of fairy wrasse from mesophotic ecosystems of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa (Teleostei, Labridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Tea, Yi-Kai</mods:namePart>
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|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35580</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-863-85</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">561513AB533147C8A9BF85E68954E158</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158605305" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E9018A1-A98F-4F8C-AEA9-89D18BC69162" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE5D0FB1597C0930177F2CE9E9B5D2F7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="AE5D0FB1597C0930177F2CE9E9B5D2F7" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="86">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., freshly euthanized male holotype (CAS 246395), 70.3 mm SL, male, collected at a depth of 75 m, east coast of Zanzibar, Africa (above). Note the pair of facial stripes above and below orbit. Photograph by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315737" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Vibranium fairy wrasse Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., CAS 246395, 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, x-ray. Radiograph by J. Fong." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315739" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (A), transitioning males (B), and females (C). Photographs by L. A. Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395 B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080 C Cirrhilabrus earlei, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A) and B. W. Frable (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
; Table 1
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" type="holotype">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
|
||||
CAS 246395 (field code: HTP 900), 70.3 mm SL male, GenBank MN010585, east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa (GPS coordinates:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-6.1749997">6°10'30"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="39.54111">39°32'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="87" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
75 m, collected by H.T. Pinheiro, B. Shepherd, and L.A. Rocha, 14 December 2018;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., freshly euthanized male holotype (CAS 246395), 70.3 mm SL, male, collected at a depth of 75 m, east coast of Zanzibar, Africa (above). Note the pair of facial stripes above and below orbit. Photograph by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315737" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315737" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||||
Figure 1.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., freshly euthanized male holotype (CAS 246395), 70.3 mm SL, male, collected at a depth of 75 m, east coast of Zanzibar, Africa (above). Note the pair of facial stripes above and below orbit. Photograph by H.T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="paratypes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||||
CAS 246396 (HTP 883), 56.8 mm SL female, GenBank MN010586, east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa, 70 m, 07 December 2018; CAS 246397 (HTP 901), 61.3 mm SL male, GenBank MN010587, east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa, 75 m, 14 December 2018;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A1, A2); CAS 246398 (HTP 902), 57.4 mm SL female, GenBank MN010588, east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa, 75 m, 14 December 2018;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B1, B2); CAS 246399 (HTP 903), 54.3 mm SL female, east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa, 75 m, 14 December 2018;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C1, C2). All type specimens collected by H.T. Pinheiro, B. Shepherd, and L.A. Rocha.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||||
Figure 2. Paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., not to scale
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">A1</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">A2</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246397, male in preservation
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">B1</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">B2</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246398, female in preservation
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">C1</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">C2</emphasis>
|
||||
CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H.T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">A1, B1, C1</emphasis>
|
||||
), and J. Fong (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">A2, B2, C2</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares similar meristic characters to other members of this genus. However, it is readily distinguished from all other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Cirrhilabrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having the following combination of colouration and morphological characters: caudal fin strongly lanceolate in males; both sexes with a series of purple scales (in life and in preservation) arranged in a chain-link pattern across dorsal two-thirds of body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
|
||||
Dorsal-fin rays XI,9; anal-fin rays III,9; dorsal and anal-fin soft rays branched except first ray unbranched in two individuals; last dorsal and anal-fin ray branched to base; pectoral-fin rays 14-15 (15/15), upper two unbranched; pelvic-fin rays I,5; principal caudal-fin rays 7+6, uppermost and lowermost unbranched; upper procurrent caudal-fin rays 6, lower procurrent caudal-fin rays 6; lateral line interrupted, with dorsoanterior series of pored scales 16-19 (17/17) and midlateral posterior peduncular series 8-9 (9/9); scales above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 2; scales below lateral line to origin of anal fin 6; median predorsal scales 4-5 (4); median prepelvic scales 5; rows of scales on cheek 2; circumpeduncular scales 15-16 (15); gill rak
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="88" start="start">ers</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
8-9 (8) + 8-9 (8) = 16-18 (16); pseudobranchial filaments 8-10; vertebrae 9+16; epineurals 13 (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., CAS 246395, 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, x-ray. Radiograph by J. Fong." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315739" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315739" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||||
Figure 3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., CAS 246395, 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, x-ray. Radiograph by J. Fong.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Body moderately elongate and compressed, depth 3.1-3.4 (3.2) in SL, width 2.1-2.6 (2.6) in depth; head length 3.2-3.6 (3.2) in SL; snout pointed, its length 3.4-3.9 (3.9) in HL; orbit diameter 3.6-4.7 (4.7) in HL; depth of caudal peduncle 1.7-2.1 (2.1) in HL. Mouth small, terminal, and oblique, with maxilla almost reaching vertical at front edge of orbit; dentition typical of genus with three pairs of canine teeth present anteriorly at side of upper jaw, first forward-projecting, next two strongly recurved and outcurved, third longest; an irregular row of very small conical teeth medial to upper canines; lower jaw with a single stout pair of canines anteriorly which protrude obliquely outward and are slightly lateral to medial pair of upper jaw; no teeth on roof of mouth.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
|
||||
Posterior margin of preoperculum with 30-32 (32) very fine serrated; margins of posterior and ventral edges of preoperculum free to about level of middle pupil. Anterior nostril in short membranous tube, located nearer to orbit than snout tip; posterior nostril larger, roughly ovoid to rectangular, located just medial and anterior to upper edge of eye. Scales cycloid; head scaled except snout and interorbital space; four large scales on opercle; a broad naked zone on membranous edge of preopercle; a row of large, elongate, pointed scales along base of dorsal fin, one per element, scales progressively shorter posteriorly on soft portion of fin; anal fin with a similar basal
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="89" start="start">row</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
of scales; last pored scale of lateral line (posterior to hypural plate) enlarged and pointed; one scale above and below last pored scale also enlarged; a horizontal series of greatly enlarged scales extend two-thirds distance to central posterior margin of caudal fin; pectoral fins naked except for a few small scales at extreme base; a single large scale at base of each pelvic fin, about three-fourths length of pelvic spine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Origin of dorsal fin above third lateral-line scale, predorsal length 3.0-3.2 (3.1) in SL; first 1-4 dorsal-fin spines progressively longer, fifth to sixth subequal, eighth to tenth longest, 2.1-2.6 (2.6) in HL; interspinous membranes of dorsal fin in males extend beyond dorsal-fin spines, with each membrane extending in a pointed filament beyond spine; fifth dorsal-fin soft ray longest, 1.6-1.9 (1.6) in HL, remaining rays progressively shorter; origin of anal fin below base of ninth dorsal-fin spine; third anal-fin spine longest, 2.4-3.0 (3.0) in HL; interspinous membranes of anal fin extended as on dorsal fin; anal-fin soft rays relatively uniform in length, sixth longest, 1.5-2.1 (1.8) in HL; dorsal and anal-fin rays barely reaching caudal-fin base; caudal fin of males lanceolate; pectoral fins short, reaching vertical between bases of fifth or sixth dorsal-fin spines, longest ray 1.4-1.6 (1.6) in HL; origin of pelvic fins below lower base of pectoral fins; pelvic fins short, not reaching past anal fin origin, longest ray 1.5-1.9 (1.7) in HL.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="colouration of males in life">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Colouration of males in life.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
Based on colour photographs and specimens when freshly dead, and field photos of live individuals (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., freshly euthanized male holotype (CAS 246395), 70.3 mm SL, male, collected at a depth of 75 m, east coast of Zanzibar, Africa (above). Note the pair of facial stripes above and below orbit. Photograph by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315737" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">2A1</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (A), transitioning males (B), and females (C). Photographs by L. A. Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (A), transitioning males (B), and females (C). Photographs by L. A. Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">4B</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
): head ochreous yellow; lower part of head whitish to pale pink (yellowish when freshly dead), purple stripe present from mid-upper lip to mid-upper edge of orbit; second stripe of similar colour present from lower edge of maxilla to mid-lower edge of orbit; interorbital and upper part of snout yellowish, with a series of very fine white stripes; preoperculum prominently purple on outer edge; iris bright yellow, greenish on the upper edge, with orange ring around pupil; body pale mauve to purplish-pink, with a faint region of paler yellowish-pink below middle part of dorsal fin; body with a network
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
dark purple scales arranged in a chain-link pattern from just after dorsal fin origin to edge of caudal peduncle, absent from lower third of body; dorsal-fin bluish-purple, bright fuchsia on distal half; posterior dorsal fin yellowish hyaline with a faint blue medial band, sometimes broken into spots; distal edge of dorsal fin narrowly bright blue; caudal fin bluish hyaline with a pair of concentric bright blue chevrons converging at
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="lanceolatus" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
terminus; coloured portion of chevron marking bright fuchsia to magenta; anal-fin similar to dorsal fin, distal edge narrowly bright blue; pelvic fins hyaline to translucent magenta; pectoral fins pinkish hyaline.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
Figure 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A</emphasis>
|
||||
), transitioning males (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">B</emphasis>
|
||||
), and females (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C</emphasis>
|
||||
). Photographs by L.A. Rocha.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
Figure 5. A selection of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species from the western Indian Ocean group of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus jordani" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus blatteus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">in situ</emphasis>
|
||||
photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat;
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus sanguineus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L.A. Rocha (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A</emphasis>
|
||||
); E. Brokovich (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">B</emphasis>
|
||||
), and Y.K. Tea (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C, D</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="colouration of females and juveniles in life">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Colouration of females and juveniles in life.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
Similar to males described above. Head and body more subdued in colouration, pinkish-purple to lilac (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (A), transitioning males (B), and females (C). Photographs by L. A. Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), deepening to yellow post mortem (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figures 2B1</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2C1</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="colouration in preservative">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Colouration in preservative.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figures 2A2</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2B2</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2C2</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395 B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080 C Cirrhilabrus earlei, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A) and B. W. Frable (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
): head and body pale tan; fine white stripes on interorbital and nape remain; infraorbitals, frontals, and pre-maxilla weakly purple; preoperculum, dentary, angular, and articular bones strongly purple; scales in chain-link formation deep purple; median fins translucent, except rays weakly purple; pelvic and pectoral fins translucent hyaline.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
Figure 6. A selection of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus blatteus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus earlei" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="earlei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus earlei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L.A. Rocha (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A</emphasis>
|
||||
) and B.W. Frable (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">B, C</emphasis>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
The specific epithet refers to the fictional East African nation of Wakanda, home of the superhero Black Panther, as is the case for the new species, which has remained hidden from the world for a long time. To be treated as a noun in apposition. The common name refers to the fictional metal vibranium, a rare substance found on Wakanda that is woven into Black
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panther’s">Panther's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
suit. The purple chain-link scale pattern of the new species is reminiscent of this detail.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is presently known only from the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania. The species inhabits deep shelves consisting of small patch reefs dominated by rhodolith and sponge beds, at depths between 50 and 80 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="comparisons">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
Pairwise comparison of mitochondrial sequence data suggests that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubrisquamis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Randall & Emery (1983), differing by 0.6% in mitochondrial COI (uncorrected pairwise distance). Such marginal differences in sequence data between closely related sister species is not uncommon in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, even when stark morphological differences are present (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.53228" author="Tea, YK" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="45 - 54" refId="B14" refString="Tea, YK, Senou, H, Greene, BD, 2016. Cirrhilabrusisosceles, a new species of wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago and the Philippines, with notes on the C.lunatus complex. . Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation 21: 45 - 54" title="Cirrhilabrusisosceles, a new species of wrasse (Teleostei: Labridae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago and the Philippines, with notes on the C. lunatus complex." url="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.53228" volume="21" year="2016">Tea et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Victor, 2016; Allen & Hammer, 2017). It also appears to be closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. blatteus" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Springer & Randall (1974) (1.9% difference in COI) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sanguineus" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cornic (1987) (1.5% difference in COI). These four species share the following character combination: short pelvic fins (not or barely reaching anal-fin origin); relatively unmarked dorsal and anal fins; males with a strongly lanceolate caudal fin (except in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubrisquamis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); both sexes with a pair of prominent facial stripes above and below the orbit; and both sexes with prominent purple scales and osseus elements that persist, and stain purple, respectively, even in preservation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
In
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the purple scale pattern presents as a scattered, chain-link motif (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., freshly euthanized male holotype (CAS 246395), 70.3 mm SL, male, collected at a depth of 75 m, east coast of Zanzibar, Africa (above). Note the pair of facial stripes above and below orbit. Photograph by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315737" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Paratypes of Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., not to scale A 1 CAS 246397, 61.3 mm SL, male, freshly euthanized A 2 CAS 246397, male in preservation B 1 CAS 246398, 57.38 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized B 2 CAS 246398, female in preservation C 1 CAS 246399, 54.32 mm SL, female, freshly euthanized C 2 CAS 246399, female in preservation. Photographs by H. T. Pinheiro and B. Shepherd (A 1, B 1, C 1), and J. Fong (A 2, B 2, C 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315738" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photographs at 75 m depth, in the east coast of Zanzibar, Tanzania, Africa. Specimens not retained. Note intensity of yellow on the heads of males (A), transitioning males (B), and females (C). Photographs by L. A. Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315740" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In the other related species, the purple scales are manifested as: two rows dorsally and laterally in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. blatteus" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figure 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); an oblique mid-dorsal saddle in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sanguineus" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figure 5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); a crosshatch network anteriorly in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubrisquamis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">C. rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="91" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species from the western Indian Ocean group of the Cirrhilabrus jordani complex A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., in situ photograph from the east coast of Zanzibar, Africa B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, in situ photograph from the Red Sea, off the coast of Eilat; C: Cirrhilabrus sanguineus, aquarium photograph of a specimen from Mauritius D Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis, aquarium photograph of a specimen from the Maldives. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A); E. Brokovich (B), and Y. K. Tea (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315741" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figure 5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Aside from details in live colouration,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from:
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. blatteus" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having a higher number of pored lateral line scales (24-28 vs. 21-24);
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sanguineus" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having one fewer median prepelvic scale (5 vs. 6) and fewer pseudobranchial filaments (8-10 vs. 11), and further from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubrisquamis" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having a lanceolate caudal fin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
The four species are part of a larger complex of fairy wrasses that includes five other species from the western Pacific Ocean:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus jordani" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. earlei" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="earlei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. earlei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. roseafascia" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="roseafascia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. roseafascia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lanceolatus" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. lanceolatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. shutmani" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="shutmani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. shutmani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Together, these nine species form the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus jordani" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex. Previous morphological and molecular studies have also shown support for this grouping (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" author="Tea, YK" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="77 - 88" refId="B13" refString="Tea, YK, Gill, AC, 2017. Cirrhilabrusshutmani, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Babuyan Islands, northern Philippines (Teleostei: Labridae). . Zootaxa 4341: 77 - 88" title="Cirrhilabrusshutmani, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Babuyan Islands, northern Philippines (Teleostei: Labridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" volume="4341" year="2017">Tea and Gill 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" author="Tea, YK" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="577 - 587" refId="B11" refString="Tea, YK, Frable, BW, Gill, AC, 2018. Cirrhilabruscyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae). . Zootaxa 4418: 577 - 587" title="Cirrhilabruscyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" volume="4418" year="2018">Tea et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus wakanda" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
possess several osseus elements and fin rays that stain naturally purple in ethanol (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395 B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080 C Cirrhilabrus earlei, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A) and B. W. Frable (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Only a handful of other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
share this character.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Springer, VG" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="45 - 54" refId="B10" refString="Springer, VG, Randall, JE, 1974. Two new species of the labrid fish genus Cirrhilabrus from the Red Sea. . Israel Journal of Zoology 23: 45 - 54" title="Two new species of the labrid fish genus Cirrhilabrus from the Red Sea." volume="23" year="1974">Springer and Randall (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
first noted this occurrence in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus blatteus" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395 B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080 C Cirrhilabrus earlei, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A) and B. W. Frable (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Subsequently,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Randall, JE" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="19 - 26" refId="B5" refString="Randall, JE, 1995. A review of the wrasses of the genus Cirrhilabrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from the western Indian Ocean. . Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie 22: 19 - 26" title="A review of the wrasses of the genus Cirrhilabrus (Perciformes: Labridae) from the western Indian Ocean." volume="22" year="1995">Randall (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
made note of its reoccurrence in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus sanguineus" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" author="Tea, YK" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="577 - 587" refId="B11" refString="Tea, YK, Frable, BW, Gill, AC, 2018. Cirrhilabruscyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae). . Zootaxa 4418: 577 - 587" title="Cirrhilabruscyanogularis, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Philippines and Indonesia (Teleostei: Labridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4418.6.5" volume="4418" year="2018">Tea et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
expanded this list to include
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus earlei" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="earlei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cirrhilabrus earlei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A selection of Cirrhilabrus species in preservation showing the purple staining qualities. Not to scale A Cirrhilabrus wakanda sp. nov., 70.3 mm SL, male holotype, CAS 246395 B Cirrhilabrus blatteus, 65.1 mm SL, male, CAS 235080 C Cirrhilabrus earlei, 56.5 mm SL, male paratype, CAS 213114. Photographs by L. A. Rocha (A) and B. W. Frable (B, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.863.35580.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/315742" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Figure 6C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Incidentally, these species are all closely related members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="jordani" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. wakanda" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="wakanda">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">C. wakanda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. rubrisquamis" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="rubrisquamis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="92" start="start">C</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
. rubrisquamis
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. sanguineus" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. blatteus" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurring in the western Indian Ocean, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. earlei" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="earlei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. earlei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurring in the western Pacific Ocean. However, since the purple post-preservation staining is not found in the other Pacific Ocean species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jordani" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. shutmani" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="shutmani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. shutmani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. roseafascia" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="roseafascia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. roseafascia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lanceolatus" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">C. lanceolatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), the distribution of this character within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="jordani" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" rank="species" species="jordani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">jordani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex sensu lato is paraphyletic and is therefore not synapomorphic for this group of fairy wrasses.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="92" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus blatteus" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blatteus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Cirrhilabrus blatteus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
- Red Sea, off Saudi Arabia: CAS 235080, 56.2 mm SL; 63.4 mm SL; 65.1 mm SL;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Cirrhilabrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirrhilabrus earlei" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="earlei">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Cirrhilabrus earlei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
- Palau: CAS 213114, 56.5 mm SL.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
103
data/AE/5D/49/AE5D49056E851BEC2D8761AFF3D74746.xml
Normal file
103
data/AE/5D/49/AE5D49056E851BEC2D8761AFF3D74746.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
|
|||
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<mods:url id="BA06451DBFED7330D66B71A354987AA4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.13028</mods:url>
|
||||
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<mods:classification id="9FFE064666D39C2E627F128164AE6BF0">journal article</mods:classification>
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|
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<mods:identifier id="8959DD89AE94641885D5EA04A228216A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-2-77</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="AE5D49056E851BEC2D8761AFF3D74746" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650059" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE5D49056E851BEC2D8761AFF3D74746" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE5D49056E851BEC2D8761AFF3D74746" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">
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<subSubSection id="CB6B893C5B6CDB9414450A6DA5F76E49" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7B548865100B9011EF22959EA25352C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="147DFF776A565090F1C611493E3120F2" ID-CoL="47GZT" authority="Nakahara, 1958" authorityName="Nakahara" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Nevrorthidae" genus="Nipponeurorthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nipponeurorthus tinctipennis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tinctipennis">Nipponeurorthus tinctipennis Nakahara, 1958</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 4j; 12
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6560DCDF8935F9D0DB83E05350E32D3E" originalValue="j–m">j-m</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; 16
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A5FC14FF420C26AEA6E2075A11C5751A" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7EB28EA139857EA90B72A2AE2360E3A0" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE14EB7FBAB25146A350D93A568A22C7" class="Insecta" family="Nevrorthidae" genus="Nipponeurorthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nipponeurorthus tinctipennis" order="Neuroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tinctipennis">Nipponeurorthus tinctipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nakahara, 1958: 27 (odescr, figs: wing, gs male, female);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BEEB422B838CC1A925F80D77C401344B" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Hayashi 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(list, distr, figs); U.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3CD96B24A685B248D7E5939ADAF5D720" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and H.
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FA3F80008CD9D32E7B2A55E807BCEEC6" originalValue="Aspöck">Aspoeck</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2008b (fig: distrmap);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B5A28678865F7840C5EEE6B9ACA41DA9" author="Liu, XY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="20" pageNumber="97" pagination="224 - 232" title="New species of the genus Nipponeurorthus Nakahara, 1958 (Neuroptera: Nevrorthidae) from China." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.7" volume="3838" year="2014">Liu et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(key, fig: distrmap).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ADA480F854A3E778B9D47362D1D776C5" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7440EC040F40743234922336F161A430" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D28833E08E8B5B38316D45D7DA0F9746" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Japan (Yakushima Island: Hananoegou and Muromidake).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="478812C1AD019C2F365CAA2DEDA1509E" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="male">
|
||||
<paragraph id="02E67DDAF4A4C1CC7F302B5535D92444" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Male.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="00E12C6B9FFD604A92AB94131DADB8AE" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Forewing length 9.1 mm, hindwing length 8.0 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="68B741D41FC46327827581C61FA4F97F" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Head yellow. Antennae yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandibles with brownish tips.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E6DE3AE9628832856F72FE2FA4C770A" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Thorax yellow; meso- and metanota laterally much darker. Legs yellow. Wings transparent, immaculate, with pterostigmatic areas pale yellow; veins mostly yellowish brown, with crossveins much darker, and with C, Sc and R pale yellow on forewings; veins mostly pale yellow, with longitudinal veins of distal half and some crossveins (i.e. 1r-rs, 2r-rs, and gradate crossveins) pale brown on hindwings.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="38FBC4E5F8BC7D9A681B54EF3BDEEB94" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Abdomen yellow, dorsally purplish brown. Gonocoxite 9 robust on proximal half, distal half strongly incurved; gonostylus 9 spinous. Complex of gonocoxites + gonostyli + gonapophyses 10 present as a pair of slender lobes, which are inflated distad and bear a tooth-like processus. Gonocoxites 11 present as a simple, transverse, sclerotized band; gonostyli 11 present as posteriorly bifurcated sclerite.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0DE3EED7CA0CE5DCA3F07A083603DF65" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="female">
|
||||
<paragraph id="431E517B9BD1AA2A042E75E4AAB8A48E" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Female.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F87AE385CACDA4B0B3A4F45BC35D2387" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Forewing length 10.0 mm, hindwing length 9.0 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D9585B922548D1DDA487337822E53179" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Fused gonocoxites 8 flatly plate-like. Gonapophyses 8 subtriangular, largely covered by gonocoxite 8, lateral margins distinctly sclerotized.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E7C7CB5A6D2F04FD98A25F08242A6963" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9211A5E2E6E03413DC7033B19561C0F3" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Specimens examined and records published.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="739DF9B26590B3FB3616D28A81BE5228" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Supplementary material 1. Holotype male (by original description), Japan, "Hananoegou, Yakushima, 12 July 1954, Yosihiko Kurosawa" (NSMT).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6242E8148659FDD0C943EE3ADA2C12BE" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8F3A2500AF0D693F0F1BA990E387251" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Biology and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="90D875F284F5F215500E47D4E6131853" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">The adult has been taken in July. The known vertical distribution is 1800 m. The larva is unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="99C4B112C2F36A2F9A08321A2EC33ABA" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0314679CAFF9A32ED436CEC7096E4676" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="85F062A396DF769111354016EED4D2AF" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">Japan (Yakushima Island).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
406
data/AE/5D/87/AE5D87F22D2BFFB3FF1590F4FC60FC5B.xml
Normal file
406
data/AE/5D/87/AE5D87F22D2BFFB3FF1590F4FC60FC5B.xml
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
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<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2BFFB6FF1590F4FEE2FD53" ID-CoL="8MBYJ" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,332,678,704]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2BFFB6FF1590F4FEE2FD53" bold="true" box="[151,332,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
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|
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2BFFB6FED190F4FE0BFD53" box="[339,421,678,704]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF1590BFFDDFFC90" blockId="1.[151,625,749,771]" box="[151,625,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
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<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2BFFB6FF1590BFFE88FC90" bold="true" box="[151,294,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
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<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2BFFB6FF1590BFFF62FC90" box="[151,204,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2BFFB6FEA990BFFD9CFC90" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[299,562,749,771]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeratus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2BFFB6FEA990BFFD9CFC90" box="[299,562,749,771]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Himalotrechus humeratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2BFFB6FDBA90BFFDDFFC90" bold="true" box="[568,625,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2BFFB6FDBA90BFFDDFFC90" box="[568,625,749,771]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2BFFB4FF15917DFACEFE43" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF15917DFF5CFC27" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2BFFB6FF15917DFE87FCDB" bold="true" box="[151,297,815,840]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Rather large-sized, body length of the only known species is more than
|
||||
<quantity id="E10C9B012D2BFFB6FBCD917DFB06FCD4" box="[1103,1192,815,840]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Body extraordinarily convex and broadly ovate, elytra suborbicular, more narrowed apically than basally, widest near humeral level; pronotum markedly wider at base than at apex; head trapezoid, narrowed anteriad; legs and antennae rather short (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2BFFB6FF1D91CEFF4FFC27" box="[159,225,924,949]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1995,2017]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., male holotype, habitus." pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF4591EDFDA3FC4B" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" box="[199,525,959,984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Color: dark amber-brownish.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF4591B6FAB6FC6E" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" box="[199,1304,996,1021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
Microsculpture: body surface completely covered with sculpticells visible at magnification of
|
||||
<date id="524A10242D2BFFB6FB6491B6FAB6FC6E" box="[1254,1304,996,1021]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" value="1956-10">56x.</date>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF459655FACDFB6B" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
Head: trapezoid, rather narrow in anterior portion, frontal furrows continuous. Eyes small, subconvex, much shorter than the glabrous tempora. Two supraorbital setiferous pores. Labrum sexsetose, its anterior margin concave. Mandibles slender, tooth of right mandible with distinct premolar and anterior denticle of retinaculum displaced distally (tridentate
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2BFFB6FE669626FDB8FB1F" box="[484,534,1140,1164]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2BFFB6FDB29626FDD6FB1F" box="[560,632,1140,1165]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,723,1761]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Labial tooth moderately salient, rounded or truncate. Six submental setae. Mentum and submentum fused, without distinct suture between them. Maxillary palpi elongate, glabrous (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2BFFB6FF1D96EEFF4BFB47" box="[159,229,1212,1237]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,723,1761]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Penultimate segment of labial palpi bisetose. Glossa markedly salient medially, with two median setae much longer than the lateral ones. Paraglossae moderately long, slender, slightly curved, distinctly pubescent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF459757FB11FA1B" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Pronotum: large, slightly transverse trapezoid, basal margin significantly longer than anterior one. Hind angles subrectangular to obtuse angular, pointed apically. Lateral margins narrowly reflexed anteriorly, very markedly reflexed posteriorly, lateral groove narrow anteriorly, widened posteriorly. Prebasal transverse impression shallow. Two lateral setiferous pores on each side of pronotum, the posterior one just in the hind angles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF4597C6FED6F95E" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Elytra: very convex, broadly ovate, with maximum width in anterior third. Prehumeral margin almost perpendicular to elytral suture, with a tuberculum near the mesothoracic constriction. Humeri prominent but rounded. Posterior portion of elytra narrowed towards apex. Lateral groove rather wide; margins moderately reflexed, more markedly in the humeral area; lateral border disappearing anteriorly at level of stria 5. All elytral striae well-impressed and very coarsely punctured though becoming very shallow at base and on apical slope. Parascutellar pore present, parascutellar striole developed. Apical striole well-impressed, directed to stria 5 anteriorly. Two discal pores in anterior half of elytra, both attached to stria 3; preapical pore lacking. Two apical pores of which angulo-apical one is much smaller. Umbilicate series well-aggregated, only pore 5 slightly shifted from lateral margin.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF459485FB4AF886" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Ventral side: metepisternites smooth, approximately 1.5 times as long as wide. Only one paramedian seta on each side of the abdominal sternites. Anal sternite with two setae in male and four setae in female.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF459573FAF8F8CF" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Legs: Protibia markedly grooved on exterior surface, without pubescence on anterior surface. Male protarsi with two basal segments dilated. Profemora simple in males, without ventral projection and additional setae.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2BFFB6FF459535FAA9F87F" blockId="1.[151,1437,815,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
|
||||
Aedeagus: median lobe of moderate size, rather thick, with apex slightly attenuated ventrally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2BFFB6FB639535FA88F813" box="[1249,1318,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,2007,2029]" captionTargetBox="[253,1415,1058,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1428,1047,1999]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n.: a—lateral view; b—dorsal view; c—parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618579/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In dorsal view, median lobe subparallel-sided for most of its length, without dilation, only the apical lamella narrowed. Sagittal aileron small but distinct. Endophallus armature poorly sclerotized, consisting of asymmetrical scaly areas confined to the apical half of the median lobe. Parameres robust, each bearing five to six apical setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="728B666C2D28FFB5FF159599FC02F872" box="[151,940,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D28FFB5FF159599FC02F872" blockId="2.[151,940,1995,2017]" box="[151,940,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D28FFB5FF159599FEBDF872" bold="true" box="[151,275,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D28FFB5FE9B9599FD8EF872" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[281,544,1995,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeratus" status="gen. n., sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D28FFB5FE9B9599FD8EF872" box="[281,544,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">Himalotrechus humeratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D28FFB5FDA49599FD1DF872" box="[550,691,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D28FFB5FDA49599FDC3F872" bold="true" box="[550,621,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">gen. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D28FFB5FDF89599FD1DF872" bold="true" box="[634,691,1995,2017]" pageId="2" pageNumber="583">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, male holotype, habitus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB4FF4592C5FACEFE43" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FF4592C5FE1BFF23" bold="true" box="[199,437,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Comparative notes.</emphasis>
|
||||
Externally the new genus resembles representatives of the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FB4F92C5FAC6FF23" authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1923" box="[1229,1384,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB4F92C5FAC6FF23" box="[1229,1384,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Agonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FF1592EEFEE9FF46" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,327,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Bhutanotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FF1592EEFEE9FF46" box="[151,327,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Bhutanotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FE1E92EEFD98FF46" authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1923" box="[412,566,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE1E92EEFD98FF46" box="[412,566,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Agonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-complex sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FD7392EEFC2AFF47" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[753,900,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="175 - 196" refId="ref4892" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1977) Ergebnisse der Bhutan-Expedition 1972 des Naturhistorischen Museums in Basel. Coleoptera: Fam. Carabidae Subfam. Trechinae. Entomologica Basiliensia, 2, 175 - 196." type="journal article" year="1977">Uéno (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, which are also known to occur in the Eastern Himalaya. All these taxa share the following characters: body broadly ovate, head elongate and narrow, eyes rather small, approximately as long as tempora (at least, in wingless species), pronotum large, with lateral margins markedly expanded and reflexed posteriorly and elytra very wide and convex. Despite external similarities, the new genus does not appear to be directly related to any lineage of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FC2D931EFBE7FEF6" authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1923" box="[943,1097,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FC2D931EFBE7FEF6" box="[943,1097,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Agonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-complex, as demonstrated by the lack of pubescence on the anterior surface of the distal part of the protibia. This character is of great importance for taxonomy of the tribe
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FE3993C6FDB7FE3E" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[443,537,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and, it is the only one that distinguishes
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FC6A93C6FBEEFE3E" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1806" box="[1000,1088,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FC6A93C6FBEEFE3E" box="[1000,1088,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Trechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FBF593C6FABFFE3E" authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1923" box="[1143,1297,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FBF593C6FABFFE3E" box="[1143,1297,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Agonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
related taxa in many cases (e.g., see discussion of the systematic position of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FCE793E5FAFDFE43" authority="in Belousov & Kabak, 2001" authorityName="in Belousov & Kabak" authorityYear="2001" box="[869,1363,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gitzeni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FCE793E5FBA1FE43" box="[869,1039,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Trechus gitzeni</emphasis>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FBB093E5FAFDFE43" author="Belousov, I. & Kabak, I." box="[1074,1363,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref4403" refString="Belousov, I. & Kabak, I. (2001) New Duvalius and Trechus species from China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini). Folia Heyrovskyana, 9 (1), 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="2001">Belousov & Kabak, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D29FFB4FF45938EFCE2FC37" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB4FF45938EFAE5FD17" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
Actually
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FEAD938EFE7AFE66" ID-CoL="8MBYJ" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,468,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FEAD938EFE7AFE66" box="[303,468,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE5E938EFD82FE66" bold="true" box="[476,556,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D29FFB4FE5E938EFD82FE66" box="[476,556,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
appeared to be related to some taxa of the Homaloderini evolutionary lineage (sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FF6B93ADFE25FD8B" author="Jeannel, R." box="[233,395,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="1 - 592" refId="ref4602" refString="Jeannel, R. (1927) Monographie des Trechinae. Morphologie comparee et distribution geographique d'un groupe de Coleopteres. (Deuxieme Livraison). L'Abeille, Paris, 33, 1 - 592." type="journal article" year="1927">Jeannel, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The latter, though not recognized by most modern carabidologists as a distinct tribe or subtribe, embraces a few distinct lineages, of which, at least, some should be considered as natural groups. In the Oriental Region, the following lineages are worth noting in relation to the genus under discussion:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FA8E9015FE88FD16" ID-CoL="8KZ4F" authority="Deuve, 2005" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Sumatrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FA8E9015FA32FDF3" box="[1292,1436,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Sumatrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FF15903FFE88FD16" author="Deuve, T." box="[151,294,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref4479" refString="Deuve, T. (2005) Description de Trechini nouveaux de Chine, de Sumatra, du Vietnam, du Nepal et de l'Afrique orientale (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, New Series, 27 (1), 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2005">Deuve, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Sumatra and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FE7C903EFC82FD17" ID-CoL="8KXLV" authority="Ueno, 1979" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[510,812,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE7C903EFD0CFD16" box="[510,674,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FD2B903EFC82FD17" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[681,812,620,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref4930" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1979) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. I. Genus Luzonotrechus nov. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 5 (1), 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1979">Uéno, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="5EE376742D29FFB4FC1B903EFBB9FD16" box="[921,1047,620,645]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FBA4903EFB1AFD16" author="Deuve, T." box="[1062,1204,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref4479" refString="Deuve, T. (2005) Description de Trechini nouveaux de Chine, de Sumatra, du Vietnam, du Nepal et de l'Afrique orientale (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Trechidae). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie, New Series, 27 (1), 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2005">Deuve 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FB3C903EFA90FD17" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[1214,1342,620,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref4930" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1979) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. I. Genus Luzonotrechus nov. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 5 (1), 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1979">Uéno 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB4FF4590C2FCE2FC37" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
At the present state of knowledge,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FDFB90DDFCB0FD3B" ID-CoL="8MBYJ" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[633,798,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FDFB90DDFCB0FD3B" box="[633,798,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FCAE90DDFC2FFD3B" bold="true" box="[812,897,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D29FFB4FCAE90DDFC2FFD3B" box="[812,897,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
seems to be a representative of one of the Homaloderini evolutionary lines in the sense of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FD3F90E6FCE3FD5F" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[701,845,692,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref4930" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1979) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. I. Genus Luzonotrechus nov. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 5 (1), 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1979">Uéno (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on the following characters: i) elytra broadly ovate (much wider than pronotum); ii) head rather narrow compared to pronotum; iii) mandibles slender, slightly curved; iv) tooth on the right mandible with a well-defined premolar separated from distal denticle of retinaculum by a long and deep incision. However, the new genus readily differs from the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FBD2914DFB4EFCAB" ID-CoL="8KZ4F" authorityName="Deuve" authorityYear="2005" box="[1104,1248,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Sumatrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FBD2914DFB4EFCAB" box="[1104,1248,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Sumatrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the following characters: pronotum with posterior lateral setiferous pore; elytra with two discal setiferous pores, and without preapical pore; lateral margins of pronotum markedly expanded and reflexed in posterior part; endophallus armature poorly sclerotized, without well-defined scaly areas.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D29FFB3FF4591FDFC60FC5B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB4FF4591FDFDD8F9C3" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
The differences between the new genus and known taxa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FC0C91FDFB9CFC5B" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[910,1074,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FC0C91FDFB9CFC5B" box="[910,1074,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are less obvious. The original diagnosis of this genus (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FE279186FD8DFC7F" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[421,547,980,1004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref4930" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1979) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. I. Genus Luzonotrechus nov. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 5 (1), 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1979">Uéno 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) was substantially modified later to incorporate newly described species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FADC9186FF7DFB83" author="Ueno, S. - I." pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="123 - 135" refId="ref4977" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1987) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. II. A revised account of Luzonotrechus. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 13 (3), 123 - 135." type="journal article" year="1987">Uéno 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This latter diagnosis shows a high degree of morphological variation in members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FB3591A5FAF5FB83" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[1207,1371,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB3591A5FAF5FB83" box="[1207,1371,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
quite unusual for most
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FEE3964EFE11FBA6" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[353,447,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genera: the male protarsi are simple in some species, with one or two basal segments dilated in others; laterobasal seta of pronotum lacking or present; elytral striation complete or reduced laterally; stria 2 either reaching elytral apex without anastomosis with stria 3 or with apical cross (striae 2 and 3 joining each other on apical slope) as in most
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FD9696D5FDD8FB33" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[532,630,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; one or two discal setiferous pores present; profemora either simple or sexually dimorphic (angulate or denticulate ventrally and bearing one or two hairs on the angulation in males), etc. Therefore, of all essential diagnostic characters used initially, only the three following features are kept as valid: the very characteristic shape of the male genitalia (median lobe very slender at base, sagittal aileron large, median lobe inflated medially or in preapical portion), preapical pore absent, and premolar well-defined on the right mandible. The latter character is assumed to be plesiomorphic and is shared by all lineages of Homaloderini sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FF159732FE84FAEB" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[151,298,1376,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref4930" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1979) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. I. Genus Luzonotrechus nov. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 5 (1), 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1979">Uéno (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FEB5970DFE72FAEB" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[311,476,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FEB5970DFE72FAEB" box="[311,476,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE67970DFD99FAEB" bold="true" box="[485,567,1375,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D29FFB4FE67970DFD99FAEB" box="[485,567,1375,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
shares with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FD4B970DFCC3FAEB" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[713,877,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FD4B970DFCC3FAEB" box="[713,877,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the presence of the premolar and absence of the preapical pore but differs in the male genitalia structure which disagrees with those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FB2F97D6FAFFFA0E" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[1197,1361,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB2F97D6FAFFFA0E" box="[1197,1361,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in all essential points.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FED397FAFE71FA53" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[337,479,1448,1472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="123 - 135" refId="ref4977" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1987) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. II. A revised account of Luzonotrechus. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 13 (3), 123 - 135." type="journal article" year="1987">Uéno (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
considered the male genital structures as the most essential character for recognizing the true systematic position of “
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FD88979EFD00FA76" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[522,686,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FD88979EFD00FA76" box="[522,686,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Luzonotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
”
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FD46979FFC87FA77" box="[708,809,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">orousseti</emphasis>
|
||||
Perrault, 1982: “the species has the ordinarily shaped male genitalia… this species seemed to me to belong to the group of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FC3497BDFBF0F99B" authorityName="Jeannel" authorityYear="1923" box="[950,1118,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FC3497BDFBF0F99B" box="[950,1118,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Trechus bakeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FBF997A2FA3EF99B" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[1147,1424,1520,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="123 - 135" refId="ref4977" refString="Ueno, S. - I. (1987) The Trechine Beetles of the Philippines. II. A revised account of Luzonotrechus. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 13 (3), 123 - 135." type="journal article" year="1987">Uéno 1987: p. 123–124</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally, it is worthy to note that the combination of characters observed in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FB979446FB14F9BE" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[1045,1210,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB979446FB14F9BE" box="[1045,1210,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB439446FABEF9BE" bold="true" box="[1217,1296,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D29FFB4FB439446FABEF9BE" box="[1217,1296,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is not found in any species of the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE499465FDD8F9C3" box="[459,630,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FE499465FDDCF9C3" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1979" box="[459,626,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Luzonotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Luzonotrechus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB4FF45940EFB0FF806" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
The problem of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FEF8940EFE76F9E6" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[378,472,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bidentati and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FDF4940EFD7AF9E6" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[630,724,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
tridentati was recently raised again by T.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FB26940FFE24F90B" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">Deuve, D. Kavanaugh and H. Liang (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Studying extensive trechine material collected during multi-year international projects in southern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E430F8062D29FFB4FE8594F7FEF1F92F" box="[263,351,1701,1724]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, they concluded that the mandibular dentition is a character of primary importance for understanding the local trechine fauna. Based mainly on this character, they described 3 new genera with many new species and some known species moved to these genera from the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FC7C94BEFABCF896" authority="Clairville, 1806" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1806" box="[1022,1298,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FC7C94BEFBF8F896" box="[1022,1110,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Trechus</emphasis>
|
||||
Clairville, 1806
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Apart from very useful discussion of evolutionary trends in the structure of mandibular dentition, they proposed to group genera with distinct premolar and retinaculum characterized by anterior denticle displaced distally into the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FF159505FE8CF8E3" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,290,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Epaphiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FF159505FE8CF8E3" box="[151,290,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Epaphiopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Complex. Such an approach seems to be opportune since it allows avoiding the term Homaloderini while preserving the focus on this important character. Our data are in line with these views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D29FFB3FF4595F2FDECFE66" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,968]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
According to our opinion,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB4FE7195F2FD37F82A" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[499,665,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FE7195F2FD37F82A" box="[499,665,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FD2295F2FD5EF82A" bold="true" box="[672,752,1952,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D29FFB4FD2295F2FD5EF82A" box="[672,752,1952,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is most closely related to just these three genera. Especially,
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FF159596FEFCF84E" box="[151,338,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">Trechepaphiama</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB4FEDE9597FD38F84E" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." box="[348,662,1988,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">Deuve & Kavanaugh, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
with only one known species—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D29FFB3FB889597FF61FF23" authority="Deuve & Kavanaugh, 2016" authorityName="Deuve & Kavanaugh" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="585" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaoligong">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D29FFB4FB889597FB34F84E" box="[1034,1178,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="584">T. gaoligong</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D29FFB3FB269597FF61FF23" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="3" pageNumber="584" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">Deuve & Kavanaugh, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—seems to be very similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FDA492C5FD65FF23" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[550,715,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FDA492C5FD65FF23" box="[550,715,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD5692C5FC8AFF23" bold="true" box="[724,804,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FD5692C5FC8AFF23" box="[724,804,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Both genera share the same body shape: elytra convex, suborbicular, more narrowed apically than basally, with prominent humeri; head trapezoid, narrowed anteriad; pronotum wider at base that at apex, with sides barely sinuate before hind angles; very similar pattern of the mandibular dentition (the distal denticle of retinaculum approximately in the middle between the premolar and mandibular tip) and glabrous tempora. However, the elytral chaetotaxy shows significant differences: discal setiferous pores lack, preapical pore present in
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD30931EFCC3FEF6" box="[690,877,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Trechepaphiama</emphasis>
|
||||
while two discal pores present and the preapical pore missing in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FECF933DFE5CFE1B" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[333,498,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FECF933DFE5CFE1B" box="[333,498,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FE78933DFDE4FE1B" bold="true" box="[506,586,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FE78933DFDE4FE1B" box="[506,586,367,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Thus, the two genera under consideration demonstrate opposite patterns of the elytral chaetotaxy and their direct relationships may be questioned. Apart from the above characters,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FF1593E5FE93FE43" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,317,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF1593E5FE93FE43" box="[151,317,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FECA93E5FE32FE43" bold="true" box="[328,412,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FECA93E5FE32FE43" box="[328,412,439,464]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
differs in some less important characters: elytral striae deeply impressed and coarsely punctate, size bigger and color darker.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF459052FDF3FCAB" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
In contrast to
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FEE993ADFD88FD8B" box="[363,550,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Trechepaphiama</emphasis>
|
||||
, two known species of
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FCBD93ADFC41FD8B" box="[831,1007,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Epaphiotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D2EFFB3FC789052FA98FD8B" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." box="[1018,1334,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">Deuve & Kavanaugh, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
strongly differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FE9C9076FE6AFDAE" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[286,452,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FE9C9076FE6AFDAE" box="[286,452,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FE4F9076FDB1FDAE" bold="true" box="[461,543,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FE4F9076FDB1FDAE" box="[461,543,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in their habitus: body shape elongate, rather flat; pronotum approximately as wide at base as at apex; elytral striae shallow, finely punctate. The elytral chaetotaxy of this genus is typical for most
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FF55903EFE97FD16" authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" box="[215,313,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trechini">Trechini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: two discal setiferous pores and one preapical pore in the apical cross of striae 2 and 3. Thus, in regard to the elytral chaetotaxy,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FD9390DDFD19FD3B" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[529,695,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD9390DDFD19FD3B" box="[529,695,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD4290DDFCBDFD3B" bold="true" box="[704,787,655,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FD4290DDFCBDFD3B" box="[704,787,655,680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FC3390DDFBCFFD3B" box="[945,1121,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Epaphiotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
only in the absence of the preapical pore. The main difference between the two genera under consideration is the shape of the mandibular tooth.
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF639085FE3FFD63" box="[225,401,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Epaphiotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
shows an intermediate evolutionary state of the bidentate
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2EFFB3FBB5908AFBC9FD63" box="[1079,1127,728,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D2EFFB3FBFA908AFAE3FD63" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." box="[1144,1357,727,752]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||||
Deuve
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FB4E908AFAACFD63" box="[1228,1282,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">& al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) while
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FF1590AEFE93FC86" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,317,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF1590AEFE93FC86" box="[151,317,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FEC990AEFE0FFC86" bold="true" box="[331,417,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FEC990AEFE0FFC86" box="[331,417,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
has a typical tridentate
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2EFFB3FD5290AFFCAEFC86" box="[720,768,765,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
with an isolated premolar and the anterior denticle of retinaculum markedly displaced distally.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF459116FC60FC5B" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
Finally, members of the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FDB09116FD59FCCE" box="[562,759,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Trechepaphiopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42654B152D2EFFB3FC839117FBEFFCCE" author="Deuve, T. & Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H." box="[769,1089,836,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" pagination="341 - 455" refId="ref4529" refString="Deuve, T., Kavanaugh D. & Liang, H. (2016) Inventory of the carabid beetle fauna of the Gaoligong mountains, western Yunnan Province, China: species of the tribe Trechini (Coleoptera: Caraboidea), with descriptions of four new genera, one new subgenus and 19 new species. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 63, 341 - 455." type="journal article" year="2016">Deuve & Kavanaugh, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, apart from their
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FA939116FAC7FCCE" authorityName="Clairville" authorityYear="1806" box="[1297,1385,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FA939116FAC7FCCE" box="[1297,1385,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Trechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-like appearance, differs readily from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FD859135FD02FC13" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[519,684,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD859135FD02FC13" box="[519,684,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FD369135FCADFC13" bold="true" box="[692,771,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FD369135FCADFC13" box="[692,771,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in having tempora slightly pubescent, elytra with only one or no discal seta and elytral striae slightly impressed and finely punctate. This genus seems to be more remotely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FE8591FDFE03FC5B" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[263,429,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FE8591FDFE03FC5B" box="[263,429,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FE3191FDFDACFC5B" bold="true" box="[435,514,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FE3191FDFDACFC5B" box="[435,514,943,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
than two other genera considered above.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
212
data/AE/5D/87/AE5D87F22D2EFFB0FF159649FE36FF47.xml
Normal file
212
data/AE/5D/87/AE5D87F22D2EFFB0FF159649FE36FF47.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
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<mods:title id="BF028A4ECB05EBB4CC9A7CAA27F0F32E">A new genus of Trechini beetles from the Eastern Himalaya (Coleoptera: Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2EFFB3FF159649FE7BFBA6" ID-CoL="8MLBK" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,469,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeratus" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF159649FE7BFBA6" bold="true" box="[151,469,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Himalotrechus humeratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2EFFB3FE5E964EFDB1FBA5" box="[476,543,1052,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2EFFB3FF15966CFEECFBC4" box="[151,322,1086,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="description">
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<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF15966CFEECFBC4" blockId="4.[151,543,1051,1111]" box="[151,322,1086,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FF1D966CFF4BFBC4" box="[159,229,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1995,2017]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., male holotype, habitus." pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FF71966DFE8EFBC4" box="[243,288,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,723,1761]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">2–3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FEA9966DFE94FBC4" box="[299,314,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,2007,2029]" captionTargetBox="[253,1415,1058,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1428,1047,1999]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n.: a—lateral view; b—dorsal view; c—parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618579/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2EFFB3FF1596D4FB2FFB74" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF1596D4FB2FFB74" blockId="4.[151,1437,1158,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF1596D4FD97FB0C" bold="true" box="[151,569,1158,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
Type material:
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="969C3CB92D2EFFB3FED896D4FD97FB0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147525844" box="[346,569,1158,1183]" collectingDate="2008-06-18" collectorName="J. Schmidt" country="India" elevation="3200" latitude="27.416666" location="India" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="92.36667" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2EFFB3FED896D4FE65FB0C" box="[346,459,1158,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="5EE376742D2EFFB3FE5F96D4FD9DFB0C" box="[477,563,1158,1183]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="30F2FD6D2D2EFFB3FDC496D5FD34FB0C" box="[582,666,1158,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
, with label data “
|
||||
<location id="232B603F2D2EFFB3FCF796D4FC1DFB0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE5D87F22D2EFFB0FF159649FE36FF47:232B603F2D2EFFB3FCF796D4FC1DFB0C" box="[885,947,1158,1183]" country="India" latitude="27.416666" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="92.36667" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">India</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E430F8062D2EFFB3FC4696D4FB0CFB0C" box="[964,1186,1158,1183]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="37F92FC62D2EFFB3FB3196D5FAF5FB0C" box="[1203,1371,1158,1183]" location="Bomdila" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">N of Bomdila</locationDeviation>
|
||||
, NW Chander,
|
||||
<quantity id="E10C9B012D2EFFB3FE8196F8FEDBFB50" box="[259,373,1194,1219]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" unit="km" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 km</quantity>
|
||||
NW of,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="43C050232D2EFFB3FE5B96F8FD91FB51" box="[473,575,1194,1219]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" precision="925" value="27.416666">27°25´N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="43C050232D2EFFB3FDC596F9FD02FB51" box="[583,684,1195,1219]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" precision="925" value="92.36667">92°22´E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, ca
|
||||
<quantity id="E10C9B012D2EFFB3FD5B96F9FC9FFB51" box="[729,817,1195,1219]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" unit="m" value="3200.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="ADD9D1D72D2EFFB3FD5B96F9FC9FFB51" box="[729,817,1195,1219]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingDate id="420EE9CC2D2EFFB3FCBC96F9FC13FB50" box="[830,957,1195,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" value="2008-06-18">
|
||||
<date id="524A10242D2EFFB3FCBC96F9FC13FB50" box="[830,957,1195,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" value="2008-06-18">18 VI.2008</date>
|
||||
</collectingDate>
|
||||
/ Reuter” (coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="8B0153322D2EFFB3FBF496F9FB5CFB50" box="[1142,1266,1194,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">J. Schmidt</collectorName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="969C3CB92D2EFFB3FA8796F8FBD3FB74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526007" collectingDate="2008-06-18" collectorName="I. Belousov & I. Kabak & J. Schmidt" country="India" elevation="3200" latitude="27.416666" location="India" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="92.36667" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FA8796F8FA28FB50" bold="true" box="[1285,1414,1194,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F94F88462D2EFFB3FA8796F8FA2FFB50" box="[1285,1409,1194,1219]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="30F2FD6D2D2EFFB3FA0C96F9FF5FFB74" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
, collected together with holotype (coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="8B0153322D2EFFB3FD2C969DFC81FB74" box="[686,815,1230,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">I. Belousov</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName id="8B0153322D2EFFB3FCD1969DFC18FB74" box="[851,950,1230,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">I. Kabak</collectorName>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="8B0153322D2EFFB3FC7B969DFBDBFB74" box="[1017,1141,1230,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">J. Schmidt</collectorName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2EFFB1FF4596A0FDBBFC13" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF4596A0FAA7FABC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1158,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2EFFB3FF4596A0FEFFFA98" bold="true" box="[199,337,1266,1291]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
. Large-sized species, with elytra extraordinarily convex and shortly ovate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FB3496A0FB54FA98" box="[1206,1274,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1995,2017]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., male holotype, habitus." pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
), body length
|
||||
<quantity id="E10C9B012D2EFFB3FF159744FE8FFABD" box="[151,289,1302,1327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="585" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.1" valueMin="4.6">4.6–5.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Legs and antennae of medium length, median antennomeres markedly longer than wide.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF459768FBF8FAC0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1158,2011]" box="[199,1110,1338,1363]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Color: amber-brownish, rather dark; legs and antennae uniform brownish-yellow.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB3FF45970CFCD0FA70" blockId="4.[151,1437,1158,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Microsculpture: well distinguished throughout the dorsal surface, though rather shallow, consisting of markedly transverse meshes on head (even on vertex), and of transverse, partially anastomosing lines on pronotum and elytra. Ventral surface completely covered with more distinct, less transverse meshes, becoming coarser on the anal sternite and on anterior parts of the other abdominal sternites.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2EFFB2FF4597BCFD44FF46" blockId="4.[151,1437,1158,2011]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="586" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">
|
||||
Head: trapezoid, rather narrow compared to pronotum, PW/HW 1.60–1.65. Frons convex, relatively narrow; frontal furrows continuous and rather deep, even posteriorly, angularly curved in the median part. Parietal transverse impression deep. Eyes small (EyL/TL 0.83–0.88, L3/EyL 1.07–1.23), slightly convex, non-protruding, clearly shorter than tempora, which are glabrous, long, rather convex. Supraorbital pores located on axis parallel to the mid-line of body. Anterior supraorbital pore foveolate, the posterior one with an oblique impression directed to the eye. Labrum sexsetose, transverse, its anterior margin with a weak emargination becoming more distinct between inner setae. Mandibles slender, nearly straight, slightly curved in distal third. Premolar and distal denticle of the retinaculum on the right mandible far removed from each other, with a deep and long emargination between them (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FF5D955CFE8AF8B4" box="[223,292,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,723,1761]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
); median denticle more or less reduced, distinguishable mostly as a small tubercle just near premolar. Mentum tooth faintly salient, rounded or truncate, without distinct emargination; ventral surface of labial tooth with a small oval impression. Six submental setae equidistantly located across submentum. Mentum and submentum fused, without distinct suture between them. Maxillary palpi elongate, glabrous, segments 2 and 3 without distinct hairs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2EFFB3FE1495CCFE75F824" box="[406,475,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–3" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,723,1761]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 2–3. Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n., paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="585">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Penultimate segment of the labial palpi bisetose. Glossa markedly salient medially, with two median setae which are much longer than the lateral ones. Paraglossae moderately long, slender, slightly curved and distinctly pubescent. Antennae of medium length, EL/AL 1.18–1.25; middle antennomeres nearly twice as long as wide, L3/
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="43C050232D2FFFB2FEFA92EEFE77FF46" box="[376,473,188,213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="586" precision="9" value="-3.0445">W3 2.67</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
–2.72; L3/L2 1.36–1.52.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2FFFB2FF4592B2FB91FD3B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">Pronotum: large, moderately transverse (PW/PL 1.22–1.26), much stronger constricted anteriad than posteriad (PW/PB 1.22–1.28), with basal margin significantly longer than anterior margin (PB/PA 1.27–1.42); sides broadly rounded in middle and towards the front angles, nearly straight posteriorly, very shortly sinuate just before the hind angles. The latter subrectangular to obtusangular, with small apices produced outward. Anterior margin salient, with anterior angles slightly shifted posteriad. Basal margin straight or slightly salient in median part, sinuate laterally. Lateral margins narrowly reflexed in anterior part, moderately in median part and very markedly in posterior part. Prebasal transverse impression shallow, rather short (about half the basal margin of pronotum), visible only laterally, distinctly curved in the basal foveae. Apical transverse impression subtriangular in shape, shallow but distinct and continuous. Basal surface smooth, with one more oblong fovea on each side in addition to the prebasal impression and, occasionally, with a few wrinkles in the median portion. Basal foveae relatively small but deep. Median line rather deep, in particular on disc and near pronotal base. Discal foveae shallow, occasionally consisting of a few irregularly shaped impressions. Two lateral setiferous pores on each side of pronotum, the anterior one slightly behind anterior third of pronotum (35–39%, on average, 37%).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="728B666C2D2FFFB2FF1594BAFA33F96D" box="[151,1437,1768,1790]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618577/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="586" startId="5.[151,264,1768,1790]" targetBox="[199,1326,753,1750]" targetPageId="5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2FFFB2FF1594BAFA33F96D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1768,1790]" box="[151,1437,1768,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2FFFB2FF1594BAFE94F96D" bold="true" box="[151,314,1768,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">FIGURES 2–3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2FFFB2FEBD94BAFDEBF96D" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[319,581,1768,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeratus" status="gen. n., sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2FFFB2FEBD94BAFDEBF96D" box="[319,581,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">Himalotrechus humeratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2FFFB2FDC994BAFD78F96D" box="[587,726,1768,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2FFFB2FDC994BAFD3CF96D" bold="true" box="[587,658,1768,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">gen. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2FFFB2FD1C94BAFD78F96D" bold="true" box="[670,726,1768,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, paratype, mouth parts: 2—right mandible; 3—right maxillary palpus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2FFFB1FF459577FF4AFE67" blockId="5.[151,1436,1829,2035]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="5" pageNumber="586">Elytra: very convex (EL/BH 2.04–2.06), wide (EL/PL 2.30–2.38; EW/PW 1.44–1.51; EW/HW 2.34–2.42), broadly ovate (EL/EW 1.25–1.31), with maximum width in anterior third; sides entirely convex, without posthumeral sinuation. Prehumeral margin almost perpendicular to the elytral suture, with a distinct tuberculum near the mesothoracic constriction. Humeri prominent though rounded. Posterior portion of elytra markedly narrowed towards apex. Lateral groove rather wide; margins slightly reflexed, more markedly in the humeral area; lateral border distinctly hooked and disappeared anteriorly at level of anterior end of stria 5. All elytral striae well- impressed and very coarsely punctate, though becoming very shallow near base, even striae 7 and 8 distinct for most of their length, located close to the marginal groove. Striolation on apical slope as follows: stria 2 nearly reaching the angulo-apical pore, other striae either free or irregularly joining each other. Interspaces convex. Parascutellar pore present, parascutellar striole developed, but rather short. Apical striole medium in length, slightly curved or sinuate, directed to stria 5 but without distinct connection with the latter. Two discal pores in anterior half of elytra, both attached to stria 3; preapical pore lacking; discal formula 17–19, 43–45. Apical slope with exterior pore deeply impressed, nearly foveolate, contrasting in this respect with small angulo-apical pore. Umbilicate series well-aggregated, only pore 5 slightly shifted from lateral margin and pores 7 and 8 more spaced, all pores of the humeral group equidistant; umbilicate formula: 8–9, 12–14, 16–19, 21–24, 59–60, 64–65, 80–81, 87–89.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF4593ADFB15FDAE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Ventral surface: metepisternites smooth, approximately 1.5 times as long as wide. One paramedian seta on each side of abdominal sternites. Anal sternite with two setae in male and four setae in female.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF45901AFCC8FD5E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Legs: fore tibia thin, markedly grooved on exterior surface, glabrous on anterior surface. Male protarsi with two basal segments dilated, their adhesive appendages short and ovate. In pro- and mesotarsi, ventral hyaline appendages of segment 4 rather narrow, parallel-sided, attenuated distally, distinctly not reaching the apex of tarsomere 5. Hind tibia: EL/HTi 2.18–2.24; HTi/HTa 1.45–1.52.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF459085FDBBFC13" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">
|
||||
Aedeagus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BECF2A612D2CFFB1FEC49085FE23FD63" box="[326,397,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,2007,2029]" captionTargetBox="[253,1415,1058,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1428,1047,1999]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Himalotrechus humeratus gen. n., sp. n.: a—lateral view; b—dorsal view; c—parameres." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618579/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
): evenly curved in lateral view, its apex gently attenuated ventrally. In dorsal view, median lobe rather thick, its lamella short, distinctly curved. Sagittal aileron not large but distinct. Basal orifice moderately concave. Endophallus armature poorly sclerotized, consists of asymmetrical scaly areas confined to the apical half of the median lobe. Parameres robust, each bearing 5–6 apical setae, the left paramere longer and provided with a well developed ventral apophysis.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2CFFB1FF4591DEFAC8FC7E" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF4591DEFEDDFC5B" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FF4591DEFEF7FC36" bold="true" box="[199,345,908,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
. Eastern Himalaya; probably endemic to a mountain range N of Bomdila in the Indian State of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="E430F8062D2CFFB1FF1591FDFEC0FC5B" box="[151,366,943,968]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF459186FAC8FC7E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1005]" box="[199,1382,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FF459186FEE4FC7E" bold="true" box="[199,330,980,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species was found in the cloud forest zone at an elevation of approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="E10C9B012D2CFFB1FB549186FA85FC7F" box="[1238,1323,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="728B666C2D2CFFB1FF159585FAF4F87E" box="[151,1370,2007,2029]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2618579/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" startId="6.[151,250,2007,2029]" targetBox="[253,1415,1058,1975]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2CFFB1FF159585FAF4F87E" blockId="6.[151,1370,2007,2029]" box="[151,1370,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FF159585FEBCF87E" bold="true" box="[151,274,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F44D672D2CFFB1FE4E9585FD7DF87E" authority="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt, 2019" authorityName="Belousov & Kabak & Schmidt" authorityYear="2019" box="[460,723,2007,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Himalotrechus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humeratus" status="gen. n., sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FE4E9585FD7DF87E" box="[460,723,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">Himalotrechus humeratus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2CFFB1FD5B9585FCC7F87E" box="[729,873,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FD5B9585FC8EF87E" bold="true" box="[729,800,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0FB3578D2D2CFFB1FD5B9585FC8EF87E" box="[729,800,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FCAF9585FCC7F87E" bold="true" box="[813,873,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2CFFB1FCEA9585FCC0F87E" bold="true" box="[872,878,2007,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="587">:</emphasis>
|
||||
a—lateral view; b—dorsal view; c—parameres.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6EEE656F2D2DFFB0FF4592C5FE36FF47" pageId="7" pageNumber="588" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="264B36E42D2DFFB0FF4592C5FE36FF47" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="588">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1480EAF62D2DFFB0FF4592C5FEE0FF23" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="588">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species’ epithet refers to the conspicuous, prominent humeri giving the new species a distinctive appearance.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
107
data/AE/5D/BD/AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289.xml
Normal file
107
data/AE/5D/BD/AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1042ebd4-abca-4d3c-bf36-47b0438c4da1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412918" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2682-955X-32-177" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" ID-ZooBank="54B962BCDDA544CB84C33A7B6A8AB0D0" ModsDocID="2682-955X-32-177" checkinTime="1568198792308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jablonski, Daniel, Regan, John M., Holzheuser, Chace, Farooqi, Javeed, Basit, Abdul & Masroor, Rafaqat" docDate="2019" docId="AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" docLanguage="en" docName="Herpetozoa 32: 177-193" docOrigin="Herpetozoa 32" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171" docTitle="Ptyas mucosa Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7" masterDocTitle="Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1643456102767" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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||||
<mods:title>Additional data to the herpetofauna of Afghanistan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart>Regan, John M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Holzheuser, Chace</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Farooqi, Javeed</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Basit, Abdul</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Masroor, Rafaqat</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>Herpetozoa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>32</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
|
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<mods:extent unit="page">
|
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<mods:start>177</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end>193</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2682-955X-32-177</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A38192A7447F50479854563CC9F83BA7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159412918" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="AE5DBDADA4AE5FF08850E62CD3F32289" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Ptyas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptyas mucosa" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucosa">Ptyas mucosa (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Distribution in Afghanistan.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
|
||||
This species is known from several scattered records across the country (provinces Badghis, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Nuristan, Wardak;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mentioned a record from locality "
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Kamu (13325-26)</emphasis>
|
||||
" (p. 511) but did not present georeferenced data. The coordinates should be
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35.4002" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.4002">35.4002N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="71.4239" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="71.4239">71.4239E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, Nuristan Prov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="our records">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Our records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
|
||||
Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul (13 October 2010), one adult individual (
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Observed species of Colubridae and Viperidae families from Afghanistan: A - adult individual of Hemorrhois ravergieri from Jurm, Badakhshan (photo by Glyn Morris); B - subadult individual of Platyceps rhodorachis from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar; C - subadult individual of P. rhodorachis (striped phenotype) from Camp Mike Spann Chapel, Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh; D - adult individual of Ptyas mucosa from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; E - subadult individual of Spalerosophis diadema from Camp Dubs - Kabul, Kabul; F - subadult individual of S. diadema from Spin Boldak, Kandahar (photo by Ron Savage); G, H - subadult and adult individual of Echis carinatus from Kandahar, Air Base, Kandahar." figureDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/339116" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" tableDoi="10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38171.figure9">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) found 50 m outside the barrier of the camp in the bushy habitat.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="177" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="177">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner, P" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="177" pagination="457 - 565" refId="B17" refString="Wagner, P, Bauer, AM, Leviton, AE, Wilms, TM, Boehme, W, 2016. A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan* Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives. Proceedings of the Californian Academy of Sciences 63: 457 - 565" title="A Checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Afghanistan * Exploring herpetodiversity using biodiversity archives." volume="63" year="2016">Wagner et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
presented the species occurrence in Kabul and its vicinity. Therefore, we did not map this record. The observation is correctly mentioned in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="177" refId="B14">Regan (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
on pp. 42-43.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
95
data/AE/5D/D6/AE5DD6DD76EFDBC20D8513E9D98E9119.xml
Normal file
95
data/AE/5D/D6/AE5DD6DD76EFDBC20D8513E9D98E9119.xml
Normal file
|
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@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea)</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Neubauer, Thomas A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
|
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
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<mods:number>2016-07-05</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>602</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">126863</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
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||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127894015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE5DD6DD76EFDBC20D8513E9D98E9119" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE5DD6DD76EFDBC20D8513E9D98E9119" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||||
†
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="AE5DD6DD-76EF-DBC2-0D85-13E9D98E9119" authority="Watelet, 1851" authorityName="Watelet" authorityYear="1851" class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis cerithiformis" order="Sorbeoconcha" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cerithiformis">Melanopsis cerithiformis Watelet, 1851</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="original source">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Original source.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Watelet, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe archeologique, historique et scientifique de Soissons" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" pagination="113 - 126" publicationUrl="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4539913/f110.item" refId="B537" refString="Watelet, A, 1851. [Des Recherches curieuses faites dans les sables tertiaires inferieurs des environs de Soissons, et donne la description de dix-sept especes de coquilles inedites]. Bulletin de la Societe archeologique, historique et scientifique de Soissons 5: 113 - 126, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4539913/f110.item" title="[Des Recherches curieuses faites dans les sables tertiaires inferieurs des environs de Soissons, et donne la description de dix-sept especes de coquilles inedites]." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4539913/f110.item" volume="5" year="1851">Watelet 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 121, pl. 1, figs 1-2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="type horizon">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type horizon.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Cuisian, late Ypresian, Eocene.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Mercin”">"Mercin"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[Mercin-et-Vaux], France.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cossmann, M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe royale malacologique de Belgique" pageId="305" pageNumber="306" pagination="3 - 324" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/28336page/33/mode/1up" refId="B97" refString="Cossmann, M, 1888. Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossils de l'Eocene des environs de Paris. Annales de la Societe royale malacologique de Belgique 23: 3 - 324, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/28336page/33/mode/1up" title="Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossils de l'Eocene des environs de Paris." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/28336page/33/mode/1up" volume="23" year="1888">Cossmann (1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 279) classified the species in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pachychilidae" genus="Faunus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Faunus" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Faunus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Montfort, 1810 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pachychilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Sorbeoconcha" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pachychilidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Gastropoda extramarina tertiaria" pageId="333" pageNumber="334" pagination="2503 - 2886" refId="B542" refString="Wenz, W, 1929. Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia. Gastropoda extramarina tertiaria vol. IX: 2503 - 2886" title="Fossilium Catalogus I: Animalia." volume="vol. IX" year="1929">Wenz (1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 2637) apparently agreed with that classification but listed it a second time (p. 2563) in synonymy of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Thiaridae" genus="Semisinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Semisinus" order="Sorbeoconcha" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Semisinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[=
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1840" class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Hemisinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemisinus" order="Sorbeoconcha" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Hemisinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
]
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">resectus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Deshayes, 1834).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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