From 05071e4c8742a014435f54d03614a1d344a3cf44 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Mon, 14 Oct 2024 16:29:52 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-10-14 16:24:49 --- .../EA/B852EA02421D561A99148E628CA6784F.xml | 1427 +++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 1427 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/B8/52/EA/B852EA02421D561A99148E628CA6784F.xml diff --git a/data/B8/52/EA/B852EA02421D561A99148E628CA6784F.xml b/data/B8/52/EA/B852EA02421D561A99148E628CA6784F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f53d637b892 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B8/52/EA/B852EA02421D561A99148E628CA6784F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1427 @@ + + + +Description of Ixodes lanigeri sp. nov., a new hard tick species (Acari, Ixodidae) collected from mouse-eared bats (Vespertilionidae, Myotis) in Vietnam + + + +Author + +Hornok, Sándor +0000-0002-1125-5178 +Department of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary & HUN-REN-UVMB Climate Change: New Blood-sucking Parasites and Vector-borne Pathogens Research Group, Budapest, Hungary + + + +Author + +Kontschán, Jenő +0000-0001-8274-4238 +Plant Protection Institute, HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary & Department of Plant Sciences, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary + + + +Author + +Takano, Ai +0000-0002-5919-3738 +Department of Veterinary Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan + + + +Author + +Gotoh, Yasuhiro +Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan + + + +Author + +Hassanin, Alexandre +0000-0002-4905-8540 +Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité, Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Tu, Vuong Tan +0000-0002-5915-865X +Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-10-14 + + +1215 + + +107 +125 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1215.123624 +A5630974-77AF-41EC-B0D2-222378EE1124 + + + + + +Ixodes lanigeri +Hornok + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 2 +, +3 +, +4 +, +5 + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Medium size, light brown prostriate tick with drop shape body of the female. Legs long. Basis capituli dorsally pentagonal, palps short and hypostome medium length. Scutum reverse pentagonal, broadest at mid-length, posteriorly rounded, with long, deep and curved cervical grooves. + + + +Material examined. + + + + +Holotype + +: • +female + +from a female Himalayan whiskered bat ( + +Myotis alticraniatus +Osgood + + +), collected in +Vietnam +( + +340 m +a. s. l. + +, +Tho Than Cave +, +Xuan Son NP +, +Phu Tho Province +: + +21.138613 ° N +, +104.939903 ° E + +) by +Vuong Tan Tu +on + +December 7, 2020 + + +. + + +Paratype + +# 1: • +nymph + +from a male Chinese water myotis ( + +Myotis laniger +Peter + +) + +, collected in +Vietnam +( + +1530 m +a. s. l. + +, +Ta Phin # 1 Cave +, +Lao Cai Province +: + +22.402822 ° N +, +103.836787 ° E + +) by +Vuong Tan Tu +on + +December 3, 2020 + + +. + + +Paratype + +# 2: • +larva + +from a male Chinese water myotis ( + +M. laniger + +) + +, collected in +Vietnam +( + +1400 m +a. s. l. + +, +Co Ma # 1 Cave +, +Co Ma Commune +, +Thuan Chau +, +Son La Province +: + +21.361139 ° N +, +103.507718 ° E + +) by +Vuong Tan Tu +on + +December 17, 2020 + + +. + + +All above specimens are stored in ethanol and deposited at the Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, +Budapest +, +Hungary +( +holotype +and +paratype +# 1) and the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, +Hanoi +, +Vietnam +( +paratype +# 2). + + + + +Morphology. + + +Female (engorged) +. Length of the idiosoma (from the half point between scapular apices to the middle of posterior margin) 3.38, width 2.74, ratio of idiosomal length / width 1.23 (Fig. +2 +). + + + + + + +Dorsal habitus of + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +female. + + + +Scutum reverse pentagonal, broadest at half-length, posteriorly rounded (Fig. +3 G +). + + + + + + +Key morphologic characters of + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +female, in comparison with + +I. fujitai + +and + +I. ariadnae + +A – C +dorsal view of basis capituli of +A + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(blue arrow: lateral protuberance of palpal segment II; white arrow: longest hair on palpal segment III; yellow arrow: caudolateral corner of basis; double white arrow: interval between porose areas) +B + +I. fujitai + +(blue arrow: medial protuberance of palpal segment III; white arrow: longest hair on palpal segment III; yellow arrow: caudolateral corner of basis; double blue arrow: interval between porose areas) and +C + +I. ariadnae + +(yellow arrow: caudolateral corner of basis; double white arrow: interval between porose areas) +D – F +Peritremes of +D + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(yellow arrow: narrowing) +E + +I. fujitai + +and +F + +I. ariadnae + +G – I +scutum of +G + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(yellow arrow: relatively dense punctuations, blue arrow: rugosities) +H + +I. fujitai + +and +I + +I. ariadnae + +(the dashed line indicates the maximum width of the scutum). Collection data of samples used for comparison: + +I. fujitai + +female was removed from + +Murina hilgendorfi + +in Shiga (Japan) on April 22, 2016; + +I. ariadnae + +female was collected from the wall of Legény Cave (Pilis Mountains, Hungary) on March 5, 2017. + + + +Length of scutum 1.26, maximum width 1.05, ratio length / width 1.2. On the scutum long, deep and curved cervical grooves, central and marginal rugosities and scattered punctuations visible (Fig. +3 G +). Caudolateral edge straight, with slight concavity where cervical grooves terminate. Scutal setae few, more evident laterally (length: 0.035). + + +Alloscutum with sparse hair covering dorsally. Length of centrodorsal setae 0.13, marginodorsal setae 0.1. Idiosoma with dense hair covering ventrally. Genital aperture flat W-shaped, with posterior concavity along its mid-line, situated slightly posterior to 2 +nd +intercoxal space. Genital groove diverging backwards, with concavity at the level of 4 +th +coxae. Spiracular plates asymmetrical, pear-shape, length 0.4, position of opening submarginal, surrounding aeropyles (around a gap of 0.06) in 2–7 rows (Fig. +3 D +). Anal valves with setae measuring 0.1. Anal groove slightly converging from mid-length. + + +Length of gnathosoma (from palpal apices to posterior margin of basis capituli) 0.6, width of basis capituli dorsally 0.5. Ratio of gnathosomal length to basis capituli width 1.2. Length of basis capituli (from base of hypostome to posterior margin of basis capituli) 0.33, ratio of length to width of basis capituli 0.66. Basis capituli shape pentagonal, its sides parallel, anteriorly converging (Fig. +3 A +). Caudolateral corner oblique, slightly rounded, without cornuae and continuing as a dark brown lane of sclerotization along the relatively straight posterior margin. Areae porosae very large, elliptical (with their longitudinal axes perpendicular to each other), their breadth 0.18, interval narrow (0.06). Ventrally on basis capituli prominent, caudolaterally projecting auriculae, bearing two longitudinal ridges, posteriorly tapering (Fig. +4 A +). Behind auriculae constriction (“ waist ”). Posterior edge of ventral basis medially less, laterally strongly sclerotized and caudolaterally angled (Fig. +4 A +), its width shorter than distance between palpal articles I, laterally with a single hair (0.03). + + + + + + +Key ventral morphological characters of + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +female, in comparison with + +I. fujitai + +and + +I. ariadnae + +A +ventral view of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(blue arrow: rectangular coxa II; black arrow: sclerotized caudal protuberance of coxae I; yellow arrow: auriculae; red arrow: angled caudolateral corner of ventral basis) +B +ventral view of + +I. fujitai + +(blue arrow: rounded coxa II; black arrow: caudal concavity of coxa I) +C +ventral view of + +I. ariadnae + +(yellow arrow: auricular ridge). + + + +Palps (dorsal view) short, club shape, edge curved medially, relatively straight laterally, length 0.63, maximum width 0.22, ratio length / width 2.9. Palpal hairs few (i. e., 4–6) medially, more numerous (as many as 12–14) laterally, shortest (measuring 0.02) anteriorly, longest (measuring 0.08) posteriorly. Palpal segment I with slight anterior protuberance, ventrally with two setae (0.05) and longitudinal ridge. Palpal segment II 0.33 long, anteriorly broadening, with a strongly sclerotized longitudinal ridge ventrally, both medial and lateral concavity (fovea) near mid-length, and a lateral protuberance near the junction with segment III (Fig. +3 A +). Two caudolateral hairs of palpal segment II, in and near the lateral concavity, have medium length (0.05). Palpal segment III 0.26 long, laterally concave, medially convex (Fig. +3 A +). Hypostome slightly lanceolate, length 0.27, width 0.1, ratio length / width 2.7. Dental formula 2 / 2 (mid-length), in six rows (but apical part missing) (Fig. +4 A +). + + +Legs long, longer than 5 (Fig. +2 +). Coxae I asymmetrically trapezoid, coxae II rectangular, all coxae without spines or spurs but caudomedial angle of coxae I strongly sclerotized, with a slight protuberance laterally to it (Fig. +4 A +). A single coxal hair posterolaterally long (0.22), anterolaterally shorter (up to 0.1), except on coxae III where these two equal in length. Highest number of hair ( +N +> 5) on coxae IV. Tarsus I. length 1.2, maximum diameter 0.1, length to diameter ratio 12. Haller’s organ open, with six anterior pit sensillae arranged as a group of three, and another three in line. + + +Nymph (engorged) +. Length of the idiosoma 2.95 (Fig. +5 A +). Scutum broad, reverse pentagonal, broadest close to half-length (Fig. +5 C +). Length of scutum 0.61, maximum width 0.56, ratio length / width 1.1. On the scutum straight scapular groove measuring 0.1, and a relatively straight cervical groove reaching caudolateral margin at its middle, with a concavity. The surface has fine reticulate pattern. Punctuations not visible. Lateral scutal seta 0.04 long. + + + + + + +Key morphological characters of + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +nymph +A +habitus, dorsal view +B +basis capituli +C +scutum and palps +D +coxae I-II +E +ventral view of basis and palps. + + + +Alloscutum has few 0.08 long hair dorsally. Idiosoma has sparse hair covering ventrally (length: 0.04–0.05 between coxae, +0.1 in +mid region and behind). Spiracular plates subcircular in shape, diameter 0.14, within marginal row scattered aeropyles in 1–3 rows, position of opening subcentral. Anal valves with four 0.06–0.07 long setae. Anal grooves nearly parallel. + + +Length of basis capituli (from base of hypostome to posterior margin of basis capituli) 0.13, width of basis capituli dorsally 0.22, ratio of length to width of basis capituli 0.6 (Fig. +5 B +). Basis capituli shape pentagonal, its sides slightly then (anterior to palpal basis) abruptly converging toward the hypostome, dorsally broadest at its caudolateral corners which are perpendicular, lacking cornuae. Posterior margin nearly straight. Three isolated pores observable in place of areae porosae. Ventrally on the basis triangular, sclerotized auriculae, with almost perpendicular lateral and caudal edges (Fig. +5 E +). + + +Palps (dorsal view) short, medial edge curved, lateral edge nearly straight (Fig. +5 C +), length 0.23, maximum width 0.095, ratio length / width 2.4. Palpal hairs longest (0.04) laterally on palpal segment II ( +N += 3) and slightly shorter (0.03) medially ( +N += 2). Palpal segment II and III 0.12 and 0.1 long, respectively (Fig. +5 B +). Palpal segment III narrower than palpal segment II at their junction, forming a laterally concavity. Palpal segment III with dorsal deepening (fovea), and laterally with five short (0.02) and anteriorly with shorter (0.01) hairs. Hypostome missing from +paratype +# 2. + + +Legs long and slender. Coxae I trapezoid, their caudomedial corner perpendicular-angled, coxae II rectangular (Fig. +5 D +). Coxae II-IV rounded, without spines or spurs. Coxae I and II with long hair (0.11 and 0.09, respectively) medially at mid-length (Fig. +5 D +), all coxae with prominent hair of similar length (0.05–0.11) caudolaterally. Tarsus I. length 0.81, maximum diameter 0.09, length to diameter ratio 9. + + +Larva (engorged) +. Length of idiosoma 1.12, breadth 0.8, ratio idiosomal length / breadth 1.4 (Fig. +6 A, B +). + + +Scutum reverse pentagonal, posteriorly rounded, broadest at its half-length (Fig. +6 C +). Length of scutum 0.34, breadth 0.39, ratio length / breadth 0.87. Surface reticulate, with slight rugosities. Cervical grooves narrow, terminating close to deepest point of the pronounced concavity along curved caudolateral scutal margin (Fig. +6 C +). Between carinae and cervical grooves posterolaterally directed, anteriorly convex deepening. In the caudal field of scutum two parallel grooves with length of 0.08 and interval of 0.05 (Fig. +6 C +). Scutal setae few (Sc 2: 0.024, Sc 4: 0.036), some further dorsal and ventral setae also missing. Alloscutal setae longest around mid-length; central dorsal setae (Cd 1-2: 0.05) shorter than marginal dorsal setae (Md 1-3: 0.07, Md 5: 0.08, Md 6: 0.07, Md 8: 0.04). Ventrally, sternal setae (St 1: 0.033, St 2: 0.044; St 3: 0.07) mostly shorter than marginal ventral setae (Mv 1: 0.067, Mv 2: 0.086, Mv 3: 0.073). + + + + + + +Key morphological characters of + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +larva +A +habitus, dorsal view +B +habitus, ventral view +C +scutum, dorsal view of basis capituli and palps +D +coxae, ventral view of basis capituli and palps. + + + +Gnathosoma: length from base of hypostome to posterior margin of basis 0.094, width of basis capituli dorsally 0.17, ratio of length to width 0.55. Basis capituli dorsally triangular, with straight posterior margin and rounded, oblique caudolateral corner, both showing a dark brown lane (<0.01) of sclerotization. Ventrally on the basis capituli elevated, blunt and triangular auriculae with sclerotized edge (Fig. +6 D +). Posterior margin rounded. Palps short, club-shaped, medially curved, laterally slightly convex with prominent dorsal fovea and lateral outward bulging of segment II near the junction with segment III (Fig. +6 C +). Dorsally, palpal length 0.15, breadth 0.07, ratio length / breadth 2.2. Segments I-III measure 0.01, 0.08 and 0.06, respectively. Palpal setae longest (0.015) apically and close to junction of II-III segments. Ventrally on palpal segment II porous elevation at the junction with segment III. Hypostome conical, short (0.11), with dental formula 2 / 2. + +Legs long. Haller’s organ elongated, longer than maximum breadth (diameter) of tarsus I. Tarsus I length: 0.4, breadth: 0.058. Coxae without spines or spurs. Coxa I trapezoid, with caudomedial corner as elevated, perpendicular angle of dark sclerotization appearing as a short internal spur. Coxae II-III rounded. + + + +Differential diagnosis. + + + +Ixodes lanigeri + +sp. nov. +can be distinguished from + +I. simplex +Neumann + +and + +I. fuliginosus +Hornok & Takano + +based on its long legs (tarsus I: length to maximum diameter ratio above 8), and from members of the + +I. vespertilionis + +complex ( + +I. vespertilionis + +, + +I. collaris + +, + +I. nipponrhinolophi + +) based on its short palps, relevant to all known developmental stages. + + +Within the + +I. ariadnae + +complex, the female of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +is different from + +I. fujitai + +based on the following characters of the latter: (1) scarce punctuations in the anterior and posterior fields of scutum (Fig. +3 H +) ( +vs +denser in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (2) subcircular spiracular plates (Fig. +3 E +) ( +vs +asymmetrical, pear-shape in case of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (3) gnathosoma approximately 30 % longer than broad ( +vs +only approximately 20 % longer than broad in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (4) angled, thickened and protruding caudolateral corners of basis capituli (Fig. +3 B +) ( +vs +rounded and blunt, oblique in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (5) subtriangular areae porosae with a broader interval of 0.08 (Fig. +3 B +), ratio of width-to-interval 2: 1 ( +vs +broad elliptical areae porosae, with their longitudinal axes perpendicular to each other and a narrower interval of +0.06 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +, with a 3: 1 ratio of width-to-interval); (6) lack of sagittal rim anteriorly on palpal article I (Fig. +4 B +) ( +vs +observable in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (7) lack of strongly sclerotized longitudinal ridge ventrally at the basis of palpal article II (Fig. +4 B +) ( +vs +present in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +), and the two caudolateral hairs of palpal segment II, in and near the lateral concavity, are long (0.1) in + +I. fujitai + +(Fig. +4 B +) ( +vs +short, +0.05 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (8) slightly elevated and sclerotized auricular ridge (Fig. +3 B +) ( +vs +prominent auriculae in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); (9) rounded posterior margin of ventral basis (Fig. +4 B +) ( +vs +caudolaterally angled posterior margin of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +); and (10) rounded coxae, especially coxae II (Fig. +4 B +) and IV ( +vs +rectangular coxae II in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). + + +Differences in comparison with females of + +I. ariadnae + +include the following characters. In + +I. ariadnae + +the scutum is slightly more elongated (Fig. +3 I +) (ratio length / width above 1.25 +vs +1.2 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +) and has its maximum width at approximately one-third of its length ( +vs +close to half-length in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). The straight portion is in the middle of the cervical grooves in + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +3 I +), but posteriorly in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +The number of pores is low in the caudal region of the scutum of + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +3 I +) +vs +higher in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +The spiracular plates of + +I. ariadnae + +are subcircular (Fig. +3 F +), with straight portions of its edges ( +vs +asymmetrically pear-shaped in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +), diameter smaller (0.33 +vs +0.4 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Aeropyles occupy up to 10 rows in + +I. ariadnae + +( +vs +up to +7 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +), with narrower margin than the diameter of their opening ( +vs +broad margin in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Gnathosoma approximately 30 % longer than broad ( +vs +only approximately 20 % longer than broad in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Dorsally, basis capituli with straight oblique caudolateral corner and wavy edge including that of posterior margin which is strongly concave in middle (Fig. +3 C +), +vs +rounded corner and straight posterior margin in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +Shape of areae porosae subtriangular in + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +3 C +) +vs +elliptical in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +Palps of + +I. ariadnae + +broader, with length-to-width ratio of 2.4 (Fig. +3 C +) ( +vs +2.9 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Ratio of palpal segments II: III +1.6 in + +I. ariadnae + +vs +1.27 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +Palpal segment II is laterally concave at its basis in + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +3 C +) ( +vs +close to its mid-length both laterally and medially in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Surface of palpal segment III convex both laterally and medially in + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +3 C +) ( +vs +laterally concave, medially convex in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Ventrally on the basis capituli of + +I. ariadnae + +“ waist ” (narrowing) and sclerotized posterior edge less evident, unangled and inconspicuous auricular ridges have convex, rounded anterior margin (Fig. +4 C +) ( +vs +concave anterior margin surrounding palpal article I. in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Coxae II-IV of + +I. ariadnae + +are symmetrically rounded +vs +asymmetrically trapezoid or rectangular in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. + + +In comparison with + +I. collaris + +nymph: palps slender, elongated, 0.45 ( +vs +short, +0.23 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +) and the scutum is also more elongated (shape index is 1.5 +vs +1.1 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Within the + +I. ariadnae + +complex, the nymph of + +I. fujitai + +is unknown. The nymph of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +is different from that of + +I. ariadnae + +based on the following characters of the latter. The scutum is longer, as indicated by the shape index of 1.2, and broadest at its anterior third (Fig. +7 A +) ( +vs +1.1 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +, maximum width close to half-length in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). The ratio of palpal segments II: III 1.7 (Fig. +7 B +) ( +vs +1.2 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Ventrally, on the basis of + +I. ariadnae + +nymph, less elevated auricular ridges are visible (Fig. +7 D +). Spiracular plates oval, with irregular outline in + +I. ariadnae + +nymph but subcircular in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +Coxae of + +I. ariadnae + +nymph are all rounded (Fig. +7 C +). + + + + + + +Key morphologic characters of + +Ixodes ariadnae + +nymph +A +habitus, dorsal view +B +dorsal view of basis capituli and palps +C +coxae and ventral view of gnathosoma +D +ventral view of basis and palps. This sample was collected from the cave wall of Szopláki Ördöglyuk (Pilis Mountains, Hungary) on April 10, 2016. + + + +Within the + +I. ariadnae + +complex, the larva of + +I. fujitai + +is unknown. The larva of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +is different from that of + +I. ariadnae + +(Fig. +8 A, B +) based on the following characters of the latter. Scutum broadest anteriorly to its half-length; its caudolateral edge with only slight concavity (Fig. +8 C +) ( +vs +deep in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov +). Cervical grooves not apparent, reaching posterolateral margin of scutum behind its deepest point of concavity. Scutal setae shorter (0.02–0.03) than in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(0.05). Caudal alloscutal setae longer in + +I. ariadnae + +larva (0.15 +vs +0.04–0.08 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Marginal ventral setae longer in + +I. ariadnae + +larva (0.12–0.14 vs +0.06–0.09 in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +). Palps of + +I. ariadnae + +larva laterally straight, with small fovea and dark outline (Fig. +8 C +) ( +vs +laterally convex, with prominent fovea in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +), but shape index is +2.2 in +both species. Palpal setae longer in + +I. ariadnae + +(up to 0.05) than in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +(0.015). Ventrally, on the basis, capituli auricular ridges of + +I. ariadnae + +are less apparent / elevated (Fig. +8 D +) than the auriculae in + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Key morphological characters of + +Ixodes ariadnae + +larva +A +habitus, dorsal view +B +habitus, ventral view +C +scutum, dorsal view of basis capituli and palps +D +coxae I-II, ventral view of basis capituli and palps. This sample was collected from the cave wall of Szopláki Ördöglyuk (Pilis Mountains, Hungary) on April 10, 2016. + + + + + +GenBank data. + + +Complete mitochondrial genome sequence from +one larva +is available in GenBank ( + +LC 797956 + +). Sequences of the amplified parts of the +cox +1 and 16 S rRNA genes of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +from another larva (collected with +paratype +# 2), the nymph ( +paratype +# 1) and the female ( +holotype +) are found under the accession numbers +PP 079465 +, +PP 503326 +, +PP 503327 +and +PP 081435 +, +PP 505539 +, +PP 505540 +respectively. + + + + +Molecular and phylogenetic analyses. + + +Pairwise comparison of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +indicated 5.1 % +cox +1 and 2.9 % 16 S rRNA gene sequence differences from + +I. fujitai + +, and 11.18 % +cox +1 and 5.7 % 16 S rRNA gene sequence difference from + +I. ariadnae + +(Table +1 +). There were up to only 2 bp differences in the amplified part of the +cox +1 and 16 S rRNA genes between the larvae, the nymph and female of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +The complete mitogenome of + +I. lanigeri + +sp. nov. +was 95.4 % (13899 / 14570 bp) identical to that of + +I. fujitai + +( + +LC 769934 + +). The phylogenetic relationships of the new tick species from +Vietnam +are shown in Fig. +9 +. + + + + + + +Pairwise nucleotide differences between (a) +cox +1 and (b) 16 S rRNA gene sequences of species belonging to the + +Ixodes ariadnae + +complex, according to GenBank accession numbers. Asian and European data are indicated with light blue and grey background color, respectively. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+(a) +cox +1 gene + + +I. lanigeri + +( +PP 079465 +: Vietnam) + + +I. fujitai + +( + +LC 036330 + +: Japan) + + +I. ariadnae + +( + +KJ 490306 + +: Hungary) +
+ + +I. lanigeri + +( +PP 079465 +: Vietnam) + +–94.9 % (603 / 635)88.9 % (560 / 630)
+ + +I. fujitai + +( + +LC 036330 + +: Japan) + +94.9 % (603 / 635)–89.7 % (565 / 630)
+ + +I. ariadnae + +( + +KJ 490306 + +: Hungary) + +88.9 % (560 / 630)89.7 % (565 / 630)–
(b) 16 S rRNA gene + +I. lanigeri + +( +PP 081435 +: Vietnam) + + +I. fujitai + +( + +LC 036330 + +: Japan) + + +I. ariadnae + +( + +KJ 490306 + +: Hungary) +
+ +I. lanigeri + +( +PP 081435 +: Vietnam) +–97.1 % (398 / 410)94.3 % (398 / 422)
+ + +I. fujitai + +( + +LC 036330 + +: Japan) + +97.1 % (398 / 410)–93 % (385 / 414)
+ + +I. ariadnae + +( + +KJ 490306 + +: Hungary) + +94.3 % (398 / 422)93 % (385 / 414)–
+ + + + + + +Phylogenetic tree of bat-associated ticks based on concatenated +cox +1 and 16 S rRNA gene sequences. In each row of individual sequences, the region / country of origin and the GenBank accession number are shown after the species name. Rows of sequences from this study are indicated with red fonts and bold accession numbers. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Neighbor-Joining method and p-distance model. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. Branch lengths are measured in the number of substitutions per site. The analysis involved 13 nucleotide sequences, and there were a total of 1020 positions in the final dataset. + + + + + +Host records and distribution. + + +Known host species: + +Myotis alticraniatus + +, + +M. laniger + +. Known geographical range: northern +Vietnam +. + + + + +Etymology. + + +The name of the new species refers to the host species, the Chinese water myotis ( + +M. laniger + +) from which the first specimen of the new species was collected. + + + + \ No newline at end of file