Add updates up until 2025-02-07 11:36:18
This commit is contained in:
parent
6f7e8cfb3c
commit
02d442b2bf
data/03/D5/87
03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97.xml03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8.xml03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865.xml03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965.xml03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829.xml03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05.xml03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC.xml03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD.xml03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA.xml
456
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97.xml
Normal file
456
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
|
|||
<document id="BD83A66F7CBE0E21F2348B14BC63C8DA" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes sardinayacu Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="6A667B9D04C639DA3887233C91E9D707" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="0916980E890AF6EADC514C2ED8300015">
|
||||
<mods:title id="97FB19BBD46E530783EC2114170DE13E">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="E40322E2F987E38796DFC84543442AAF" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="E3668AA8DCE35318BD5506A1DB8A533C">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A3D4E25DD5B9B1B58967BC2D0A794E58">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="BC4E01A87DE45E78A6510F524B04B415">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2458842D3D61F51EAEB7888874304127">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="2B4FA38FB8A5437EF87B244C201A9330" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="0C11A0CE0C8AED2C39DC6D9C19A18BD8">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="4234805CADB00E14E8DC0767DB29D36E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="57833475D480DEC89B22A7AA30598A21">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="598A719A9A3E17C479D66B23BBCA54FA">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="884D512C4EC892F5122E94D078F89A38" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="188A968A1A02752A68AA40AD5205EEB8">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="151BE33FAF00FB583A2F4D6588116C74">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="8450670CB269E1C7C38FC4DFFC31E85F">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F768A0E978BB3D993D1D57E45E52C415">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="936C964CEC4C8B3C75601549E6906631" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="741E7E43BE4DA6B59B0F615184D03A33">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="02C53E3881175CE753D8563C619A7759">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="7BFB3E77ED8E4728B2A7232B228FD3CA">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="68CE0CB46066ACE27D6BB2DBA3FAB7EE">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="40D6FB3D8F8E3900778FDFD9C0407BEF" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="C4136B9593136B6B13A7C02D4D4AB799">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="DCB3BB94A03ED0D804071EA4AF27B32C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="0215DC5F40BA35AB9F370C353E7395DB">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="27AA72C3630E3AB0F290902B484704F6">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="3B8200CA5CB1ECE5AA6CE20C9CCF8504" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="19A9009FD98043ABACA5446778B21452">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A2B40906BF70B3035F688C0514F624BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="54FE0C1140A951B61B869B2950135098">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="619380C6B1756D9036CE9CCDB246E53B">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6C0D0E73AAECA0C681B981E8672A357" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="E3C1B4102C93300F04160891E016E42A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="0A0839DF893067A2B6EC835C2E1FA867" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="4A1B24CF58BF2EB7EC65172F69A7F419">
|
||||
<mods:title id="3AFCE0017DAF42750D27FF6F06E04115">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="0494CA2709421A95150778608DC3BFA4">
|
||||
<mods:date id="A6AFC83284DB88C0CBC2FDE92743937A">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="CF5C12933F740811167302F07B0F3938" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="64DAF81771E22B106DA83B77F133C6F0">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="9061E1C3F7D440D980E9E7F2CA17C880" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="A8613B2F6EABFC4076052C7E86B70EB0">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="D21F033DC6A8A229FF9E62FDCA08E66F" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="93B1B13CB6080658BB9A833433EAD393">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="D8CCCAC509046881E788306DB52118F7">
|
||||
<mods:url id="1DF0FEEA7CDA15527E2CB84683250DF1">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="8ECEDB86AF4A89B93EAB52A521D67F59">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E60439BCAF2DB8BCF30A3EFBF05A20B1" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="C58A4F02E61CFE79890EEF5545AC6025" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="1069E83C66423D4A359E4DDD70ACC66E" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97" lastPageId="39" pageId="35">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC2E5C2B891714FFD" box="[969,1300,1191,1218]" pageId="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC2E5C2B891714FFD" blockId="35.[810,1459,1191,1285]" box="[969,1300,1191,1218]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC2E5C2B891714FFD" bold="true" box="[969,1300,1191,1218]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC2E5C2B890A64FFE" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[969,1219,1191,1218]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC2E5C2B890A64FFE" bold="true" box="[969,1219,1191,1218]" italics="true" pageId="35">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FF91FFEBC5E4C2B891714FFD" box="[1224,1300,1191,1217]" pageId="35" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC206C2D1978F4E39" pageId="35" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC206C2D1978F4E39" blockId="35.[810,1459,1191,1285]" pageId="35">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FF91FFEBC25CC2D1978F4E39" pageId="35">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FF91FFEBC540C2D1978F4E39" pageId="35">B12C9470-F32C-4CEA-9A1B- E2DE6D0CDBA3</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC206C33990CF4D08" pageId="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC206C33991164EE7" blockId="35.[810,1460,1318,1500]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF91FFEBC206C33991164EE7" collectingDate="2015-01-23" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Javier Pinto & David Velalcazar & Darwin Nunez" country="Ecuador" elevation="1798" latitude="-2.05" location="Sinai Parish" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.2196" municipality="Canton Morona" pageId="35" specimenCode="QCAZ 58822" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC206C33991204E03" box="[810,1349,1318,1343]" italics="true" pageId="35">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF91FFEBC206C33997E64E02" box="[810,899,1318,1342]" pageId="35" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC2B6C33897924E03" box="[922,1015,1319,1343]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-100@36.[226,1376,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 22. Skulls of Phyllonastes species.A, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583. B, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015. C, Phyllonastes sardinayacu, QCAZ 58821." pageId="35">Figs 22C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC525C33890574E03" box="[1033,1074,1319,1343]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-197@37.[146,1426,144,1539]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 23. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015, SVL = 15.70 mm. B, Phyllonastes sardinayacu QCAZ 58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C, Phyllonastes personinus QCAZ 58818, SVL = 16.91 mm." pageId="35">23B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC56FC33890384E03" box="[1091,1117,1319,1343]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="35">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC542C33890ED4E03" box="[1134,1160,1319,1343]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="39.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-427@39.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 25. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 58822." pageId="35">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF91FFEBC59FC33891204E03" box="[1203,1349,1319,1343]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="35" type="Museum">QCAZ 58822</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no. SC-PUCE 49151)
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF91FFEBC2C7C359900D4E62" box="[1003,1128,1350,1374]" pageId="35" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF91FFEBC588C359909E4E62" box="[1188,1275,1350,1374]" name="Ecuador" pageId="35">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF91FFEBC42FC35997E34E41" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="35">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFF91FFEBC2BEC37A90594E41" box="[914,1084,1381,1405]" pageId="35">Canton Morona</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF91FFEBC56BC37A90A14E41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97:8EA3604AFF91FFEBC56BC37A90A14E41" box="[1095,1220,1381,1405]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.05" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.2196" municipality="Canton Morona" name="Sinai Parish" pageId="35" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Sinaí Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF91FFEBC5E3C37A91CA4E41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97:8EA3604AFF91FFEBC5E3C37A91CA4E41" box="[1231,1455,1381,1405]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.05" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.2196" municipality="Canton Morona" name="Sangay National Park" pageId="35" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Sangay National Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF91FFEBC206C39B97CD4EA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF91FFEFC2E5C2B890BB4C97:8EA3604AFF91FFEBC206C39B97CD4EA0" box="[810,936,1412,1436]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-2.05" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.2196" municipality="Canton Morona" name="Sardinayacu" pageId="35" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Sardinayacu</location>
|
||||
, trail to El Enmascarado Lagoon from refuge 3 (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF91FFEBC21DC3BB97F64E80" box="[817,915,1444,1468]" degrees="2.0500" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" precision="5" value="-2.05">2.0500°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF91FFEBC2B0C3BB90724E80" box="[924,1047,1444,1468]" degrees="78.2196" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" precision="5" value="-78.2196">78.2196°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF91FFEBC50BC3BB90CD4E80" box="[1063,1192,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.798" pageId="35" unit="m" value="1798.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF91FFEBC50BC3BB90124E87" box="[1063,1143,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.798" pageId="35" unit="m" value="1798.0">1798 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF91FFEBC41BC3BB91CA4E80" box="[1335,1455,1444,1468]" pageId="35">Javier Pinto</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF91FFEBC207C3DC97B04EE7" box="[811,981,1475,1499]" pageId="35">David Velalcázar</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF91FFEBC525C3DC90C44EE7" box="[1033,1185,1475,1499]" pageId="35">Darwin Núñez</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF91FFEBC5EAC3DC910A4EE7" box="[1222,1391,1475,1500]" pageId="35" value="2015-01-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF91FFEBC5EAC3DC910A4EE7" box="[1222,1391,1475,1500]" pageId="35" value="2015-01-23">23 January 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC206C3E290CF4D08" blockId="35.[810,1459,1532,1588]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF91FFEBC206C3E290C34D08" collectingDate="2015-01-23" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Javier Pinto & David Velalcazar & Darwin Nunez" country="Ecuador" elevation="1798" latitude="-2.05" location="Sinai Parish" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.2196" municipality="Canton Morona" pageId="35" specimenCode="QCAZ 58821" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC206C3E290574D28" box="[810,1074,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="35">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF91FFEBC206C3E297E44D28" box="[810,897,1533,1556]" pageId="35" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 1;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC2F1C3E290454D29" box="[989,1056,1533,1557]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Same locality, collectors, and date as holotype,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF91FFEBC2BEC00390444D08" box="[914,1057,1564,1588]" pageId="35">QCAZ 58821</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF91FFEBC50AC00390C34D08" box="[1062,1190,1564,1588]" pageId="35" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC206C04A97C84DFA" pageId="35" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC206C04A911E4D51" blockId="35.[810,1403,1621,1645]" box="[810,1403,1621,1645]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC206C04A900E4D51" box="[810,1131,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="35">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Sardinayacu leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC206C09197C84DFA" blockId="35.[810,1459,1678,1734]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC206C09190FD4D9A" box="[810,1176,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="35">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca de Sardinayacu.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEDC206C0F290F34DE5" lastPageId="37" pageId="35" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEDC206C0F290F34DE5" blockId="35.[810,1460,1773,1985]" lastBlockId="37.[810,1459,1666,1753]" lastPageId="37" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC206C0F297EE4C39" box="[810,907,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="35">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC2B7C0F297934C39" box="[923,1014,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-100@36.[226,1376,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 22. Skulls of Phyllonastes species.A, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583. B, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015. C, Phyllonastes sardinayacu, QCAZ 58821." pageId="35">Figs 22C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC52DC0F2904F4C39" box="[1025,1066,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-197@37.[146,1426,144,1539]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 23. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015, SVL = 15.70 mm. B, Phyllonastes sardinayacu QCAZ 58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C, Phyllonastes personinus QCAZ 58818, SVL = 16.91 mm." pageId="35">23B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC518C0F2902B4C39" box="[1076,1102,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="35">24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC575C0F290164C39" box="[1113,1139,1773,1797]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="39.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-427@39.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 25. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 58822." pageId="35">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF91FFEBC5ACC0F290B64C39" box="[1152,1235,1773,1797]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="35">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF91FFEBC428C0F291744C39" box="[1284,1297,1773,1797]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="35">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC43DC0F291464C38" box="[1297,1315,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="35">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC51DC11390CD4C18" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1073,1192,1804,1828]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC51DC11390CD4C18" box="[1073,1192,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="35">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, ventral surfaces smooth, discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus present, supratympanic fold absent, postrictal tubercle absent; (3) snout rounded to truncate in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits and nuptial pads unknown; (7) fingers not expanded distally, finger tips subacuminate without papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes, ill-defined pads lacking circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt to T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one subconical tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle elongated in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, bigger than rounded outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes slightly expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and lacking papillae, supernumerary tubercles present, narrow lateral fringes on toes, toe webbing absent, all toes bearing ill-defined pads and circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in life, brown dorsum, with two dark brown sacral lateral patches with light brown border, triangular cloacal blotch dark brown with light brown border, ventral surfaces dark brown with scattered small white spots, facial mask dark brown extending from tip of snout to groins, groins orange– brown; and (15) SVL in adult males unknown, SVL in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF97FFEDC246C0DE97B74DE5" box="[874,978,1729,1753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.421" pageId="37" unit="mm" value="14.21">14.21 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC2CEC0DD97904DE5" box="[994,1013,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="37">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF97FFEDC516C0DE90E04DE5" box="[1082,1157,1729,1753]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="37">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF96FFECC1ADC0F3966E4C1C" pageId="36" startId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF96FFECC1ADC0F3966E4C1C" blockId="36.[129,1353,1772,1824]" pageId="36">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC1ADC0F394804C38" bold="true" box="[129,229,1772,1796]" pageId="36">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||||
Skulls of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF96FFECC012C0F396744C38" box="[318,529,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC012C0F395C84C38" box="[318,429,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="36">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species. A
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF96FFECC336C0F3972C4C38" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[538,841,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC336C0F397644C38" box="[538,769,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="36">Phyllonastes myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
53583. B,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC280C0F3914C4C38" box="[940,1321,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF96FFECC280C0F3908D4C3F" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[940,1256,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC280C0F390C64C38" bold="true" box="[940,1187,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="36">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
65015
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. C,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF96FFECC1ADC11795A14C1C" authority=", QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[129,452,1800,1824]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF96FFECC1ADC11795134C1C" bold="true" box="[129,374,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="36">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
, QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
58821.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF97FFEDC15CC00197BE4D6E" pageId="37" startId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" targetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" targetPageId="37" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF97FFEDC15CC00197BE4D6E" blockId="37.[112,1393,1566,1619]" pageId="37">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC15CC00194B04D0A" bold="true" box="[112,213,1566,1590]" pageId="37">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||||
Skeletons of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC07EC00096404D0B" box="[338,549,1567,1591]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC07EC00095A44D0B" box="[338,449,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="37">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species. A
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC301C00197CF4D0A" box="[557,938,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC301C001970C4D0A" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[557,873,1566,1590]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC301C00197414D0A" bold="true" box="[557,804,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="37">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
65015
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, SVL = 15.70 mm. B,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC557C00194D04D6F" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC557C00191144D0A" bold="true" box="[1147,1393,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="37">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC0E6C02496804D6F" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[458,741,1595,1619]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC0E6C02496F94D6E" box="[458,668,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="37">Phyllonastes personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
58818, SVL = 16.91 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF97FFEEC206C0E4951B4DBD" lastPageId="38" pageId="37" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF97FFEEC206C0E4951B4DBD" blockId="37.[810,1462,1786,1967]" lastBlockId="38.[129,781,1297,1666]" lastPageId="38" pageId="37">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC206C0E490C24C2E" box="[810,1191,1786,1810]" italics="true" pageId="37">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC28BC0E590C24C2E" box="[935,1191,1786,1810]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles its closest related species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC2E8C10490534C0E" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[964,1078,1819,1842]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC2E8C10490534C0E" box="[964,1078,1819,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC569C10490CE4C0E" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1093,1195,1818,1842]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC569C10490CE4C0E" box="[1093,1195,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC5C0C10491EC4C0E" box="[1260,1417,1818,1842]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC5C0C10491EC4C0E" box="[1260,1417,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by having a tympanic annulus, tympanic membrane, fingers not expanded distally, and acuminate toe tips. It differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC48EC14697E44CAC" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC48EC14697E44CAC" italics="true" pageId="37">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having subconical inner tarsal tubercle (rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF97FFEDC26FC18797D54C93" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[835,944,1944,1967]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF97FFEDC26FC18797D54C93" box="[835,944,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="37">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and a mask extending to groins (mask extending to anterior half of flank in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC086C30D967E4E15" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[426,539,1298,1321]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC086C30D967E4E15" box="[426,539,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and by the absence of papillae in toe tips (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC0D2C32E96154E74" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[510,624,1329,1352]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC0D2C32E96154E74" box="[510,624,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC3A0C32E949E4E54" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC3A0C32E949E4E54" italics="true" pageId="38">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC0EBC34E964B4E54" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[455,558,1360,1384]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC0EBC34E964B4E54" box="[455,558,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC347C34E976C4E54" box="[619,777,1360,1384]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC347C34E976C4E54" box="[619,777,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having three phalanges in finger IV (two phalanges in finger IV in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC02BC390950E4E9B" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[263,363,1423,1447]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC02BC390950E4E9B" box="[263,363,1423,1447]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC08FC390965B4E9B" box="[419,574,1423,1447]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC08FC390965B4E9B" box="[419,574,1423,1447]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It differs further from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC193C3B095424EFA" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[191,295,1454,1478]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC193C3B095424EFA" box="[191,295,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a rounded snout in lateral view (subtruncate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC006C3D195EE4ED9" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[298,395,1485,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC006C3D195EE4ED9" box="[298,395,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC32EC3D196FE4ED9" box="[514,667,1485,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC32EC3D196FE4ED9" box="[514,667,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence of papillae in fingertips and toe tips (both present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC3D5C3F295664D18" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC3D5C3F295664D18" italics="true" pageId="38">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the presence of supernumerary plantar tubercles (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC04CC033959C4D7F" box="[352,505,1579,1603]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC04CC033959C4D7F" box="[352,505,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="38">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC1ECC05495F54D5F" box="[192,400,1611,1635]" pageId="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC1ECC05495584D5F" box="[192,317,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="38">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF94FFEEC1F3C07595524DBE" box="[223,311,1642,1666]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="38">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF94FFEEC047C075951D4DBE" box="[363,376,1642,1666]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="38">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF94FFEEC1ADC28E95244FDD" pageId="38" startId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" targetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" targetPageId="38" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF94FFEEC1ADC28E95244FDD" blockId="38.[129,1472,1169,1249]" pageId="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC1ADC28E94804F95" bold="true" box="[129,229,1169,1193]" pageId="38">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live and preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF94FFEEC30DC28E97724F95" box="[545,791,1169,1193]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC30DC28E97724F95" bold="true" box="[545,791,1169,1193]" italics="true" pageId="38">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC429C28D91E34F96" box="[1285,1414,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="38">QCAZ 58822</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life. B, C, in preservative. Scale bars are given for preserved adults.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF94FFEFC1ADC0BB905E4EEB" lastPageId="39" pageId="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF94FFEEC1ADC0BB95A14C64" blockId="38.[129,780,1699,1974]" pageId="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC1ADC0BB96784D87" box="[129,541,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="38">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF94FFEEC01BC0BC95EC4D87" box="[311,393,1699,1723]" pageId="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF94FFEEC0B0C0BB95814D87" box="[412,484,1699,1723]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="38">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF94FFEEC0DCC0BC966F4D87" box="[496,522,1699,1723]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="39.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-427@39.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 25. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 58822." pageId="38">25</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult female (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF94FFEEC3E8C0BB94A74DE7" italics="true" pageId="38">QCAZ 58822</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 14.10; tibia length, 6.53; foot length, 6.39; head length, 3.77; head width, 4.33; eye diameter, 1.66; tympanum diameter, 0.78; interorbital distance, 1.87; upper eyelid width, 1.26; internarial distance, 1.68; eye–nostril distance, 0.92.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF94FFEEC1B0C14091114EBB" blockId="38.[129,780,1699,1974]" lastBlockId="38.[825,1476,1297,1979]" pageId="38">Head wider than long, head wider than body; canthus rostralis slightly convex in lateral view; loreal region straight in dorsal view; cranial crests absent; upper eyelid lacking tubercles. Tympanic annulus beneath skin; tympanic membrane present; supratympanic fold and postrictal tubercles absent. Vomerine teeth absent, vocal slits and nuptial pads absent. Snout short and round in dorsal and lateral views, without rostral papilla.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF94FFEEC279C390902E4DC3" blockId="38.[825,1476,1297,1979]" pageId="38">Skin on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen; dorsolateral folds absent; ventral surfaces smooth; skin on cloacal region areolate; discoidal fold present. Ulnar tubercles absent, palmar tubercles low, outer palmar tubercle rounded, with a small extension pointing towards the centre of the palm, larger than elongate thenar tubercle; subarticular tubercles visible only at base of fingers, round in ventral and lateral view; supernumerary tubercles present; narrow lateral dermal fringes on fingers; discs narrow, bearing round and inconspicuous pads; fingers not expanded distally, tip of fingers subacuminate; circumferential grooves not visible; relative length of fingers is I <IV <II <III; phalangeal formula of hand is 2-2-3-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF94FFEFC279C118961F4E47" blockId="38.[825,1476,1297,1979]" lastBlockId="39.[113,764,1191,1403]" lastPageId="39" pageId="38">Hindlimbs robust; heels and knees without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent, outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, small, subconical, and prominent; inner metatarsal tubercle small (ill defined in preservative), elongated in ventral view and rounded in lateral view; round outer metatarsal tubercle well defined and prominent; plantar surface with supernumerary tubercles; round subarticular tubercles, ill defined, visible only at base of toes; toes with narrow lateral dermal fringes; webbing between toes absent; discs on toes ill defined (ill defined in preservative), slightly expanded, with acuminate tip (specially on toe III), papilla on tip absent; ill-defined pads and circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF95FFEFC15DC25C94D64F4B" pageId="39" startId="39.[113,178,1091,1115]" targetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC15DC25C94D64F4B" blockId="39.[113,1410,1091,1144]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC15DC25C94B34F67" bold="true" box="[113,214,1091,1115]" pageId="39">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF95FFEFC364C25C975B4F67" box="[584,830,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC364C25C975B4F67" bold="true" box="[584,830,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="39">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC46EC25B94C84F44" italics="true" pageId="39">QCAZ 58822</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC15DC3BF952D4C0C" blockId="39.[113,764,1440,1840]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC15DC3BF969F4E8B" box="[113,762,1440,1464]" italics="true" pageId="39">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF95FFEFC1FEC3BF95424E84" box="[210,295,1440,1464]" pageId="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life (based on digital photographs) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF95FFEFC389C3BE96824E84" box="[677,743,1440,1464]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="39">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Brown dorsum, slightly darker anteriorly, with two lateral, dark brown circular spots with a light brown border at sacrum level. Triangular cloacal blotch dark brown with light brown border. Ventral surfaces dark brown with scattered small white spots. Ventral surfaces of thighs and lower abdomen with irregular orange–brown blotches. Facial mask dark brown extending from tip of snout to groins and delineated dorsally by a light line. Flanks brown, with dark brown band along anterior half, connecting anteriorly with dark brown face mask. Groins brownish orange. Lips bearing small and white spots. Forearms, elbows, and knees with dark brown blotches delineated by a paler line.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC15DC14A97FD4E21" blockId="39.[113,764,1877,1963]" lastBlockId="39.[809,1461,1191,1309]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC15DC14A96254C50" box="[113,576,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="39">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF95FFEFC1F3C14A95544C51" box="[223,305,1877,1901]" pageId="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF95FFEFC0CAC14A964B4C51" box="[486,558,1877,1901]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="39">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surfaces brown. Head slightly darker than dorsum. Sacral lateral patches dark brown, with slightly lighter border. Cloacal triangle, spots on knees, and elbows dark brown with lighter margins. Ventral surfaces brown, becoming darker towards the throat. Scattered cream spots on ventral surfaces, more marked posteriorly and on hindlimbs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC206C35C905E4EEB" blockId="39.[810,1460,1346,1496]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC206C35C978E4E65" box="[810,1003,1346,1370]" italics="true" pageId="39">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF95FFEFC2BAC35C97BC4E66" box="[918,985,1346,1370]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="38.[129,194,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[167,1437,146,1141]" captionTargetId="figure-409@38.[161,1441,144,1141]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 24. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes sardinayacu. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 58822, adult female, SVL = 14.10 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 58821, adult female, SVL = 14.32 mm. A, in life.B, C, in preservative.Scale bars are given for preserved adults." pageId="39">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
This section refers to preserved individuals, unless otherwise mentioned. The only
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF95FFEFC591C37D917D4E46" box="[1213,1304,1378,1402]" pageId="39" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, QCAZ 58821 (adult female), differs from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF95FFEFC550C39E90BD4EA5" box="[1148,1240,1409,1433]" pageId="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in having a truncate snout in dorsal view and darker coloration. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF95FFEFC2C6C3A090504EE4" box="[1002,1077,1471,1496]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="39">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF95FFEFC206C01E978C4C28" pageId="39" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC206C01E978C4C28" blockId="39.[809,1459,1537,1812]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC206C01E907F4D05" italics="true" pageId="39">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF95FFEFC448C01D91C44D26" box="[1380,1441,1538,1562]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="39">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF95FFEFC206C03E907F4D05" box="[810,1050,1569,1593]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from a single locality in Sangay National Park, near Sardinayacu,
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF95FFEFC553C05F90AA4D64" box="[1151,1231,1600,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="39" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. Individuals were collected in Eastern Montane Forest at night (22:00–23:00 h) on leaf litter in primary and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC570C09F90A34DAB" box="[1116,1222,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="39">terra firme</emphasis>
|
||||
forest. Because of the lack of information on population size and geographical range, we suggest assigning
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF95FFEFC52FC0A190E84DE9" box="[1027,1165,1725,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC52FC0A190E84DE9" box="[1027,1165,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="39">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF95FFEFC540C0C297BD4C28" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="39" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF95FFEFC206C12A90BB4C97" pageId="39" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF95FFEFC206C12A90BB4C97" blockId="39.[810,1460,1845,1963]" pageId="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC206C12A97FC4C71" box="[810,921,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="39">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF95FFEFC55EC12A90834C71" box="[1138,1254,1845,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF95FFEFC55EC12A90834C71" box="[1138,1254,1845,1869]" italics="true" pageId="39">sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a toponym used in apposition and it refers to a river at the species
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF95FFEFC41CC14A913B4C51" box="[1328,1374,1877,1901]" pageId="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality. Sardinayacu is a compound word of Kichua origin, ‘sardina’ meaning sardine and ‘yaku’ meaning water.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
410
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8.xml
Normal file
410
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,410 @@
|
|||
<document id="6B8BBEF11064819B530ABB80F6DF96C8" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes plateadensis Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="37A4F55A191DA70BFBE6A00121625D23" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="1392600D6C3FE7A3B798B18E1B1E3A06">
|
||||
<mods:title id="2DD17BDAD1D63B916D1F47F8AB4A18DE">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="F8F140A1273DA49EC3AA2A97A5CA40E2" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="8F86F9A1472A9EC2C693E6707F9014A6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="556BD4215A06D5EC46930D40B237D7C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="CF7E907CBE3C284528EA388B2F2355FF">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F41071F84368C6A97275202C21A775F9">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="67C801DC2693172AE1E6D017E70876E9" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="33B87AB418D8D7BF59A00D3B7264D831">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="82C8B8BF9D38E18E2EEB45B549B8AEE7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="DDD55CEC3563D760B17DFCD2E8A57C4F">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2F1367E328C3FC2DE3917F819CB06E28">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="8E96F2FE2C1868E36809D22EDE0E501D" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="7B19D53AD35DDAC7214E3541BF3B5BDC">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="AB5AF27A82E25E09D8EE51A74CF9838A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="15A8ABA287B42A7E8D331B189F6BC8A6">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="247D66671AD6229AAF27BA11EC69AF8F">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="503D6BE255E28703B0C25BB72247E634" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="7F776D398AFB9B75C0409A0871ACC2B9">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A034D5EC05502BBA72D04B1BB42C54FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E64EB39BF27C19FB6E21EA54CCC16457">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="FBBE635D188461B0D57E7AC9F666D915">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="396064EE075444DE5C75B643745FBF4F" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="AFB4AC4DA7E4AB86664A988F3EF8474A">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="60798A9B6671175B86A3DB1016C2E58F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="8B3DCF52B875F0340D32C0C9DF9DFB34">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5843131B6A4557CC0354A748441B3D2C">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="7E4635DCF38325B527E22D2E68F8678D" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="B90CF9D00CCB26AB029B6339E7C3A81D">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="07CE4DBDE4453C971E0669185EF8919E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B3DA48949A0886F2D3A00B5DA517579E">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="1108110E20734D6ADBA6745C137B88D2">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C2D6EC1C37F300DDFEF0C5D26D0F7C35" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="124F754000CC491EDE957D9A9C112B72">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="8A0B940F88E0C016C253DBCEE184435D" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="9EEF1A85CE98AD36C3F81D1A1807C97C">
|
||||
<mods:title id="A57A17EDED52CE427B3F401E5B2FD3D7">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="B4C4D4738B13FCEF82E23927BB9A76A9">
|
||||
<mods:date id="618019B52A484AEFCCD9EBA0A7563996">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="6CA5E4E7B5DA003EC0FEFCF4555F1C89" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="9A8EDF4F78FAC1EE8E9098CFD235725A">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="E8B0023AB73F09B7EE558AFD42E89DD5" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="41409BB945130107D049A74393100BE6">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="9D5F81ABD396C45C152153F6098E9BD2" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="3FB4A0FC1E510E1B8118303F2F0604E3">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="52733F15CC7A4A468AB73B33087EAEE6">
|
||||
<mods:url id="BD4B33E2A2A31EA1859F9542E78BE15D">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="78B91AEC9500853FEE86F19EF8F0234B">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FDAFFA7065B8B18B4AEB119A49A223EF" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="B19C2772BDDF1A332428302A31968AE7" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="58333E251B062C9422F717FAF2C29C85" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8" lastPageId="35" pageId="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF92FFE8C2F4C01191464D15" box="[984,1315,1550,1577]" pageId="32" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C2F4C01191464D15" blockId="32.[825,1474,1550,1645]" box="[984,1315,1550,1577]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C2F4C01191464D15" bold="true" box="[984,1315,1550,1577]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF92FFE8C2F4C01190B64D15" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[984,1235,1550,1577]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C2F4C01190B64D15" bold="true" box="[984,1235,1550,1577]" italics="true" pageId="32">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FF92FFE8C5FBC01091464D15" box="[1239,1315,1551,1577]" pageId="32" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF92FFE8C215C02997B94D51" pageId="32" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C215C02997B94D51" blockId="32.[825,1474,1550,1645]" pageId="32">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FF92FFE8C251C02A97B94D51" pageId="32">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FF92FFE8C555C02A97B94D51" pageId="32">73A895D9-46FE-4DA0-AF85- 18FF11503A30</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF92FFE9C215C091955A4A19" lastPageId="33" pageId="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C215C09191324C5E" blockId="32.[822,1475,1678,1894]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF92FFE8C215C09191324C5E" collectingDate="2016-09-23" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Fernando Ayala & Javier Pinto & Alex Achig" elevation="2055" latitude="-4.6027" location="ZamoraChinchipe Province" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" pageId="32" specimenCode="QCAZ 65015" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C215C09191314D9A" box="[825,1364,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="32">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF92FFE8C215C09197F74D9A" box="[825,914,1678,1702]" pageId="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C285C09097904D9A" box="[937,1013,1678,1702]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="32">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C52BC09190444D9A" box="[1031,1057,1678,1702]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-421@35.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 21. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 65015." pageId="32">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C51EC091903E4D9A" box="[1074,1115,1678,1702]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-100@36.[226,1376,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 22. Skulls of Phyllonastes species.A, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583. B, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015. C, Phyllonastes sardinayacu, QCAZ 58821." pageId="32">22B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C540C09190F24D9A" box="[1132,1175,1678,1702]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-197@37.[146,1426,144,1539]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 23. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015, SVL = 15.70 mm. B, Phyllonastes sardinayacu QCAZ 58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C, Phyllonastes personinus QCAZ 58818, SVL = 16.91 mm." pageId="32">23A</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF92FFE8C5EEC09191314D9A" box="[1218,1364,1678,1702]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="32" type="Museum">QCAZ 65015</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no. SC-PUCE56489)
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF92FFE8C2D9C0B290984DF9" box="[1013,1277,1709,1733]" pageId="32">adultfemalefromEcuador</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C42FC0B297F74DD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C42FC0B297F74DD9" latitude="-4.6027" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" name="ZamoraChinchipe Province" pageId="32">ZamoraChinchipe Province</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C28DC0D290294DD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C28DC0D290294DD9" box="[929,1100,1741,1765]" latitude="-4.6027" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" name="Canton Palanda" pageId="32">Canton Palanda</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C576C0D291774DD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C576C0D291774DD9" box="[1114,1298,1741,1765]" latitude="-4.6027" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" name="La Canela Parish" pageId="32">La Canela Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFF92FFE8C40CC0D2979D4C38" pageId="32">Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C52EC0F390994C38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C52EC0F390994C38" box="[1026,1276,1772,1796]" latitude="-4.6027" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" name="surroundings of Camp 3" pageId="32">surroundings of Camp 3</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C42BC0F397CF4C18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C42BC0F397CF4C18" latitude="-4.6027" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.831" municipality="Cerro Plateado Biological Reserve" name="trail from Mirador to Camp 3" pageId="32">trail from Mirador to Camp 3</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF92FFE8C296C114907E4C1F" box="[954,1051,1803,1827]" degrees="4.6027" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" precision="5" value="-4.6027">4.6027°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF92FFE8C50AC11390C54C18" box="[1062,1184,1804,1828]" degrees="78.8310" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" precision="5" value="-78.831">78.8310°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF92FFE8C59FC11491524C1F" box="[1203,1335,1803,1827]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.055" pageId="32" unit="m" value="2055.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF92FFE8C59FC11491614C1F" box="[1203,1284,1803,1827]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.055" pageId="32" unit="m" value="2055.0">2055 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF92FFE8C215C13497B04C7F" box="[825,981,1835,1859]" pageId="32">Diego Almeida</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF92FFE8C2F1C13490F34C7F" box="[989,1174,1835,1859]" pageId="32">Kunam Nusirquia</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF92FFE8C5B1C134915A4C7F" box="[1181,1343,1835,1859]" pageId="32">Fernando Ayala</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF92FFE8C464C13491DA4C7F" box="[1352,1471,1835,1859]" pageId="32">Javier Pinto</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF92FFE8C215C15597CE4C5A" box="[825,939,1866,1894]" pageId="32">Alex Áchig</collectorName>
|
||||
, and Malki Bustos on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF92FFE8C5A5C15591314C5E" box="[1161,1364,1866,1890]" pageId="32" value="2016-09-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF92FFE8C5A5C15591314C5E" box="[1161,1364,1866,1890]" pageId="32" value="2016-09-23">23 September 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE9C215C19B955A4A19" blockId="32.[824,1474,1923,1979]" lastBlockId="33.[113,764,144,293]" lastPageId="33" pageId="32">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF92FFE9C215C19B95594A19" collectingDate="2016-09-26" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Javier Pinto & Alex Achig & Malki Bustos" country="Ecuador" elevation="1980" lastPageId="33" latitude="-4.5993" location="Canton Palanda" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" pageId="32" specimenCode="QCAZ 65016" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C215C19B90264CA7" box="[825,1091,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="32">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF92FFE8C215C19B97FD4CA7" box="[825,920,1924,1947]" pageId="32" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 1;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C2DCC19B90554CA0" box="[1008,1072,1924,1948]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="32">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF92FFE8C566C19B90BD4CA7" box="[1098,1240,1923,1948]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="32" type="Museum">QCAZ 65016</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF92FFE8C5F1C19C914B4CA7" box="[1245,1326,1923,1947]" pageId="32" type="juvenile">juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF92FFE8C44BC19C91DB4CA7" box="[1383,1470,1923,1947]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF92FFE8C214C1BC903F4C87" box="[824,1114,1955,1979]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="32">Zamora Chinchipe Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C54FC1BC916D4C87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C54FC1BC916D4C87" box="[1123,1288,1955,1979]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.5993" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" name="Canton Palanda" pageId="32" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province">Canton Palanda</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF92FFE8C43CC1BC91DB4C87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF92FFE8C43CC1BC91DB4C87" box="[1296,1470,1955,1979]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.5993" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" name="La Canela Parish" pageId="32" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province">La Canela Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF93FFE9C15DC68F95BB4B94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF93FFE9C15DC68F95BB4B94" box="[113,478,144,168]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.5993" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" name="Biological Reserve Cerro Plateado" pageId="33" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province">Biological Reserve Cerro Plateado</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF93FFE9C0C1C68F96934B94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF93FFE9C0C1C68F96934B94" box="[493,758,144,168]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.5993" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" name="surroundings of Camp 3" pageId="33" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province">surroundings of Camp 3</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF93FFE9C15DC6B096644BF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF92FFEBC2F4C011965B4CF8:8EA3604AFF93FFE9C15DC6B096644BF4" box="[113,513,175,200]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.5993" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.835" municipality="Biological Reserve" name="trail of the upper section of Rio Negro" pageId="33" stateProvince="Zamora Chinchipe Province">trail of the upper section of Río Negro</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF93FFE9C323C6B096154BFB" box="[527,624,175,199]" degrees="4.5993" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" precision="5" value="-4.5993">4.5993°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF93FFE9C357C6B096964BFB" box="[635,755,175,199]" degrees="78.8350" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" precision="5" value="-78.835">78.8350°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF93FFE9C15FC6D0949C4BDB" box="[115,249,207,231]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="33" unit="m" value="1980.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF93FFE9C15FC6D094A04BDA" box="[115,197,207,231]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="33" unit="m" value="1980.0">1980 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF93FFE9C0BCC6D096554BDB" box="[400,560,207,231]" pageId="33">Diego Almeida</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF93FFE9C310C6D0969C4BDB" box="[572,761,207,231]" pageId="33">Kunam Nusirquia</collectorName>
|
||||
, Fernando Ayala,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF93FFE9C00EC6F195F94A3A" box="[290,412,238,262]" pageId="33">Javier Pinto</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF93FFE9C084C6F1967C4A36" box="[424,537,238,266]" pageId="33">Alex Áchig</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF93FFE9C363C6F196B24A39" box="[591,727,238,262]" pageId="33">Malki Bustos</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF93FFE9C15DC71295594A19" box="[113,316,269,293]" pageId="33" value="2016-09-26">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF93FFE9C15DC71295594A19" box="[113,316,269,293]" pageId="33" value="2016-09-26">26 September 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF93FFE9C15DC75894AA4A8B" pageId="33" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C15DC75896854A63" blockId="33.[113,736,327,351]" box="[113,736,327,351]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC75895D64A62" box="[113,435,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="33">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cerro Plateado leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C15DC79F94AA4A8B" blockId="33.[113,762,384,439]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC79F95A74AA4" box="[113,450,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="33">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca de Cerro Plateado.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF93FFE9C15DC7C695574EA1" pageId="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C15DC7C695574EA1" blockId="33.[112,764,473,1437]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC7C694B64ACD" box="[113,211,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="33">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C1CBC7C695564ACD" box="[231,307,473,497]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="33">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C06DC7C6953E4ACD" box="[321,347,473,497]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-421@35.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 21. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 65015." pageId="33">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C045C7C695F64ACD" box="[361,403,473,497]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-100@36.[226,1376,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 22. Skulls of Phyllonastes species.A, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583. B, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015. C, Phyllonastes sardinayacu, QCAZ 58821." pageId="33">22B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C08CC7C695AE4ACD" box="[416,459,473,497]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-197@37.[146,1426,144,1539]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 23. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015, SVL = 15.70 mm. B, Phyllonastes sardinayacu QCAZ 58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C, Phyllonastes personinus QCAZ 58818, SVL = 16.91 mm." pageId="33">23A</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF93FFE9C0F0C7C696564ACD" box="[476,563,473,497]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="33">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF93FFE9C346C7C696124ACD" box="[618,631,473,497]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="33">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C35BC7C696EF4ACC" box="[631,650,473,496]" italics="true" pageId="33">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C0BBC7E79675492C" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[407,528,504,528]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C0BBC7E79675492C" box="[407,528,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="33">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, ventral surfaces weakly areolate, discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane not differentiated, tympanic annulus present but inconspicuous, supratympanic fold and postrictal tubercles absent; (3) snout broadly rounded in dorsal view and rounded and lateral view; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits and nuptial pads unknown; (7) fingers not expanded distally, finger tips subacuminate, without papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes, ill-defined pads and circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt or T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one rounded tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle small, rounded in ventral view and very low in lateral view, smaller than rounded outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes slightly expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and lacking papillae, supernumerary tubercles ill defined, narrow lateral fringes on toes, toe basal webbing absent, all toes bearing ill-defined circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than Toe III; (14) in life, dorsal surfaces light brown with scattered white dots; circular dark brown sacral lateral marks delineated by a paler line, cloacal region cream surrounded by a dark brown stripe, facial mask dark brown extending from tip of snout to groins, flanks brown, ventral surfaces brown with white spots; and (15) SVL in adult males unknown, adult female
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF93FFE9C3BFC37A969F4E41" box="[659,762,1381,1405]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.935" pageId="33" unit="mm" value="19.35">19.35 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C151C39A94F54EA0" box="[125,144,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="33">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 1) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF93FFE9C1FAC39A95444EA1" box="[214,289,1413,1437]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="33">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF93FFE9C15DC3D2954B4C67" pageId="33" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C15DC3D2954B4C67" blockId="33.[113,764,1484,1884]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC3D295B14ED8" box="[113,468,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="33">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C1CEC3D395B14ED8" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[226,468,1484,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">Phyllonastes plateadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles its closest species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C15DC3F394BA4D3F" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,223,1515,1539]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC3F394BA4D3F" box="[113,223,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C038C3F395004D3F" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[276,357,1515,1539]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C038C3F395004D3F" box="[276,357,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by having the snout rounded in lateral view, a tympanic annulus, supernumerary palmar tubercles, three phalanges in finger IV, and by the absence of papillae in fingers and toes. It differs from both by lacking a supratympanic fold (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C03EC07695184DBD" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[274,381,1641,1665]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C03EC07695184DBD" box="[274,381,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C080C07695994DBD" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[428,508,1641,1665]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C080C07695994DBD" box="[428,508,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by having a broadly rounded snout in dorsal view (snout rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C3A5C096969F4D9C" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[649,762,1672,1696]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C3A5C096969F4D9C" box="[649,762,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and subacuminate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C07AC0B795CE4D83" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[342,427,1703,1727]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C07AC0B795CE4D83" box="[342,427,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), rounded inner tarsal tubercle (inner tarsal tubercle conical in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C0EEC0D896544DE3" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[450,561,1735,1759]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C0EEC0D896544DE3" box="[450,561,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C344C0D896DE4DE3" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[616,699,1735,1759]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C344C0D896DE4DE3" box="[616,699,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and circumferential grooves of fingers (fingers without circumferential grooves in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C025C11995134C21" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[265,374,1797,1821]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C025C11995134C21" box="[265,374,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C085C119959C4C21" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[425,505,1797,1821]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C085C119959C4C21" box="[425,505,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="33">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF93FFE9C181C13A95174C01" box="[173,370,1829,1853]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C181C13A95414C01" box="[173,292,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="33">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF93FFE9C1BBC15B948E4C60" box="[151,235,1860,1884]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="33">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF93FFE9C037C15B954D4C60" box="[283,296,1860,1884]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="33">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF93FFEBC15DC16196204EA6" lastPageId="35" pageId="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C15DC16190AB4A3A" blockId="33.[113,762,1917,1973]" lastBlockId="33.[809,1461,144,1359]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C15DC16196EF4CA9" box="[113,650,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="33">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF93FFE9C001C162951A4CA9" box="[301,383,1917,1941]" pageId="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C0B8C16195B84CA9" box="[404,477,1917,1941]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="33">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C0C0C16296634CA9" box="[492,518,1917,1941]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="35.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-421@35.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 21. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 65015." pageId="33">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C339C162965B4CA9" box="[533,574,1917,1941]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="36.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[251,1360,158,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-100@36.[226,1376,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 22. Skulls of Phyllonastes species.A, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583. B, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015. C, Phyllonastes sardinayacu, QCAZ 58821." pageId="33">22B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C360C16296124CA9" box="[588,631,1917,1941]" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="37.[112,177,1566,1590]" captionTargetBox="[148,1425,146,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-197@37.[146,1426,144,1539]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 23. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes plateadensis QCAZ 65015, SVL = 15.70 mm. B, Phyllonastes sardinayacu QCAZ 58821, SVL = 14.32 mm. C, Phyllonastes personinus QCAZ 58818, SVL = 16.91 mm." pageId="33">23A</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult female (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C196C18295294C89" box="[186,332,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="33">QCAZ 65015</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 19.35; tibia length, 7.79; foot length, 8.66; head length, 5.74; head width, 7.05; eye diameter, 2.14; tympanum diameter, 1.18; interorbital distance, 1.93; upper eyelid width, 1.31; internarial distance, 1.79; eye–nostril distance, 1.51.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C269C7129154493D" blockId="33.[809,1461,144,1359]" pageId="33">Head wider than long, head wider than body; canthus rostralis straight in lateral view; loreal region slightly concave in dorsal view; cranial crests absent; upper eyelid lacking tubercles. Tympanic annulus inconspicuous but visible beneath skin; tympanic membrane not differentiated; supratympanic fold and postrictal tubercles absent. Vomerine teeth absent, vocal slits and nuptial pads absent. Snout broadly rounded in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view, without rostral papilla.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C269C41790CE4845" blockId="33.[809,1461,144,1359]" pageId="33">Skin on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen; dorsolateral folds absent; ventral surfaces weakly areolate; skin in cloacal region areolate; discoidal fold present. Ulnar tubercles absent; palmar tubercles low, outer palmar tubercle circular, larger than elongate thenar tubercle; subarticular tubercles ill defined, more conspicuous at the base of fingers, round in ventral and lateral view; three supernumerary tubercles present at the base of fingers; narrow lateral dermal fringes on fingers, fingers not expanded distally; discs narrow, bearing round and inconspicuous pads with an ill-defined circumferential groove; fingertips subacuminate lacking papillae; relative length of fingers is I <IV <II <III; phalangeal formula of hand is 2-2-3-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C269C59F905E4E73" blockId="33.[809,1461,144,1359]" pageId="33">Hindlimbs robust; knees and heels without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent, outer tarsal tubercle absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, small and round; inner metatarsal tubercle small (ill defined in preservative), rounded in ventral and lateral views; well-defined and round outer metatarsal tubercle, bigger than the inner one; plantar surface with ill-defined supernumerary tubercles; round subarticular tubercles ill defined; toes with narrow dermal lateral fringes; webbing between toes absent; toes slightly expanded distally, discs on toes ill defined (ill defined in preservative), narrow with acuminated tip, papilla on tip not visible; ill-defined circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III reaches the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; toe V almost reaches the proximal border of the second tubercle of toe IV).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFE9C206C36F905D4C23" blockId="33.[809,1460,1392,1823]" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C206C36F91D64EBB" box="[810,1459,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="33">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF93FFE9C2A0C36F97BB4EB4" box="[908,990,1392,1416]" pageId="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life (based on digital photographs) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C472C36E91C44EB4" box="[1374,1441,1392,1416]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surfaces light brown, with some scattered white dots; circular dark brown sacral lateral patches well defined, delineated by a paler line. Cloacal region cream, surrounded by a dark brown stripe. Facial mask dark brown extending from tip of snout to groins and delineated along its dorsal edge by a light orange line, more conspicuous rostrally. Flanks light brown, bearing the dark brown mask extension. Lips bearing small and white spots. Forearms with two dark brown blotches delineated by a paler line; the proximal blotch is bigger than the distal one. Heels bearing a dark brown blotch with a paler border; tarsus bearing dark brown blotches surrounded by a paler border dorsally. Ventral surfaces brown with white spots that become bigger towards the cloacal region.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF93FFEAC206C15E90EA4C6F" blockId="33.[810,1459,1857,1975]" lastBlockId="34.[825,1476,1820,1875]" lastPageId="34" pageId="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF93FFE9C206C15E90B34C64" box="[810,1238,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="33">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF93FFE9C2A0C15E97BB4C65" box="[908,990,1857,1881]" pageId="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF93FFE9C5ADC15E90A14C65" box="[1153,1220,1857,1881]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="33">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surfaces light brown, with dark brown sacral lateral circular blotches surrounded by a cream edge. Facial mask dark brown extending from tip of snout to near groins, limited on its upper side by a thin cream-coloured line. Ventral surfaces light brown, bearing ill-defined white spots that become bigger posteriorly. Posterior surfaces of thighs light brown. Cloacal region white, surrounded by a dark brown stripe, and bearing small and dispersed dark brown flecks. Forearms dorsally with two dark brown blotches delineated by a paler line; the proximal blotch is bigger and better defined than the distal one.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF90FFEAC1ADC08395244DD0" pageId="34" startId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" targetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF90FFEAC1ADC08395244DD0" blockId="34.[129,1474,1692,1772]" pageId="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF90FFEAC1ADC08394834D88" bold="true" box="[129,230,1692,1716]" pageId="34">Figure 20.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live and preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF90FFEAC30DC083977D4D88" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[545,792,1692,1716]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF90FFEAC30DC083977D4D88" bold="true" box="[545,792,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="34">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF90FFEAC42AC08391E24D88" box="[1286,1415,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="34">QCAZ 65015</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life. B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF90FFEBC215C16496204EA6" blockId="34.[825,1474,1915,1970]" lastBlockId="35.[112,763,1191,1435]" lastPageId="35" pageId="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF90FFEAC215C16497994CAE" box="[825,1020,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="34">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF90FFEAC28AC164978F4CAF" box="[934,1002,1915,1939]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="34.[129,194,1692,1716]" captionTargetBox="[166,1429,150,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-92@34.[161,1441,144,1664]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 20.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes plateadensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 65015, adult female, SVL = 15.70 mm; and C, D, paratype QCAZ 65016, juvenile, SVL = 9.27 mm. A, C, in life.B, D, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for preserved adults." pageId="34">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
This section refers to living individuals unless otherwise mentioned. Juvenile QCAZ 65016 has more and better-defined dark brown circular marks on the tarsus. Facial mask can be ill defined and weakly contrasting, as in QCAZ 65016. Juvenile ventral coloration is darker than in adult, with a darker throat and white spots restricted to belly and thighs, as in QCAZ 65016. Tip of toes may be subacuminate, as in QCAZ 65016. Juvenile presents more inconspicuous palmar and plantar tubercles, round and lower than those in adults in lateral view. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF91FFEBC0D9C39C965A4EA7" box="[501,575,1411,1435]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="35">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF91FFEBC15DC25C94D64F4B" pageId="35" startId="35.[113,178,1091,1115]" targetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC15DC25C94D64F4B" blockId="35.[113,1441,1091,1143]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC15DC25C94B04F67" bold="true" box="[113,213,1091,1115]" pageId="35">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC364C25C975A4F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[584,831,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC364C25C975A4F67" bold="true" box="[584,831,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="35">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC44DC25B94C84F4B" italics="true" pageId="35">QCAZ 65015</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC15DC3A395D94C50" pageId="35" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC15DC3A395D94C50" blockId="35.[113,765,1468,1900]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC15DC3A395014ECF" italics="true" pageId="35">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF91FFEBC387C3A2968D4EE8" box="[683,744,1468,1492]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="35">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC15DC3C495014ECF" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,356,1499,1523]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">Phyllonastes plateadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from the surroundings of the Biological Reserve Cerro Plateado from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF91FFEBC330C3E496AD4D2E" box="[540,712,1531,1555]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0365" metricValueMax="2.093" metricValueMin="1.98" pageId="35" unit="m" value="2036.5" valueMax="2093.0" valueMin="1980.0">1980 to 2093 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. Cerro Plateado is in Cordillera del Cóndor, a sub-Andean cordillera separate from the main Andean chain. Individuals were collected in primary Eastern Montane Forest, at night (22:00– 23:00 h), on mossy soils and on leaf litter, at the edge of creeks next to water pools. Cerro Plateado is a sandstone formation. Forests in sandstone at Cordillera del Cóndor are characterized by dwarf trees with a canopy of ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF91FFEBC0E8C0C995894DD2" box="[452,492,1750,1774]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
|
||||
(Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997). Because of the lack of information related to population size and geographical range, we assign
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC0D4C10996E64C11" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[504,643,1813,1837]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC0D4C10996E64C11" box="[504,643,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="35">P. plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF91FFEBC361C12B95CE4C50" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="35" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF91FFEBC15DC192965B4CF8" pageId="35" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF91FFEBC15DC192965B4CF8" blockId="35.[113,762,1933,1989]" pageId="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC15DC19294844C99" box="[113,225,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="35">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF91FFEBC091C19296574C99" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[445,562,1933,1957]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF91FFEBC091C19296574C99" box="[445,562,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="35">plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a toponym noun in apposition and it refers to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF91FFEBC090C1B2958F4CF9" box="[444,490,1965,1989]" pageId="35">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
703
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865.xml
Normal file
703
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,703 @@
|
|||
<document id="8CB3146C58DC3932653B5DF462F70DCF" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Urkuphryne merinoi Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="8C6B2BF2AF68C328A345A1EB8D2CD868" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="8DDC5FD81C607D46D20839EA3A811F0E">
|
||||
<mods:title id="E78FC1549A1BCBE3F25AA8AFC6078566">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="63BBB2600F4AF5095211163DD78FA43D" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="7F67165F1C4AEBD5E56F8529D72FAE6A">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A05200E6AAE1B3BA801B9FF94DF314EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="BA74338955CDB5E3DA156A88F5D2C46E">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5F3843BF40CFC4F6A265EF99B22DDCEB">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="99C19226A524F5F99E801711C96691E4" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="4CD854C22988E723FA9B2D8F7F54386E">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="0064D602183C87C97C634A449F9C663C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="2D78B29FA8ADF6C23EE1AC529E446B27">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="215A50B1DDAD96EBFB685D0FB3FC5D00">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="811E0274EC640BA0A8F1E0F0C2F363A4" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="50AB47AFBB68696068328501E03BF19D">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="214368ADCC9D88EB484EE32415041BC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B4EF363BCFD815816CFF8B834A4450CA">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F55D12222F53A13084865DEE5885475D">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="961B83FD227DC44448D10210E4F3189A" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="1B39867D36B90F3CFC9119B10BE821E5">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="46AF6968C8F860F4723B3C78D887782B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="202F9CE39E6604D8303988D6302D6C70">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="E429FAE7A585D743B2AF9A2127C3DFFF">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="28272BDEEC689077A0A2FFF0B03DECAA" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="6BDA93CD03F340C20771E75126CAB3F2">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="1F6ECD915B53FABE54DC82669C84FE04">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E1031A069A09A2C1D513DF7898AAAFDB">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5465512AA245DCF2EF8B4CA0AFAD0607">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="8154D38CB0641D8E3A8A1980889AEFCF" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="1606B29BFFD7F14FC2AB84BBD1A6DCC7">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="44AEC6A578C2AE1990D6E72033F3CD04">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="342FB1992D0CDE3C8E5CBABB8DC87A7C">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2547DDDFD6C9E302643DF03599D4005B">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7ED660D81D277D64D7CA2147B13C7B3B" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="ED1C48D3203E2600741D931C8582BB94">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="A0FE4694AF825FBB0528A7E7869149DA" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="85B7D2AE99AD7AB5864C53122874AA17">
|
||||
<mods:title id="F489E756B8538F5DABBB5FC2638402F0">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="074A2775B48ED3E31B14DD97991A0A71">
|
||||
<mods:date id="2BE1D4050562D054BD00D3E87E036102">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="041E411D53D160074EBC6FD9CB56516C" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="EE6C943143B8E1477FDC3E183D5C42CA">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="CD5675569BEC6E5175A8A51AD7A807CB" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="C4DC05ABEB417D0782EBC1127CA29CAA">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="AE07DD251354CD09400FF723A60BD3B1" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="F24C0A5F95611E00F4DC1163734BE641">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="599E0F3C186BC254723F79B8518EDEA2">
|
||||
<mods:url id="173B9D6B637EC4950FE235BD38FD551F">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="0AA6661DF1E3005A7E7E9A0FD99A092E">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="BB4EA8865A7A4155853A47D3198E75A5" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="0ED44AF7FE9935D88D75EB49F5EE9D41" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="1AF232A1D829C42015C75EB32E3EF303" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865" lastPageId="52" pageId="43">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF99FFE3C039C24D96324F50" box="[277,599,1106,1133]" pageId="43" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C039C24D96324F50" blockId="43.[113,762,1106,1200]" box="[277,599,1106,1133]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C039C24D96324F50" bold="true" box="[277,599,1106,1133]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF99FFE3C039C24D959F4F50" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[277,506,1106,1133]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="43" rank="species" species="merinoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C039C24D959F4F50" bold="true" box="[277,506,1106,1133]" italics="true" pageId="43">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FF99FFE3C0D3C24D96324F50" box="[511,599,1106,1132]" pageId="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF99FFE3C15DC26695784F8C" pageId="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C15DC26695784F8C" blockId="43.[113,762,1106,1200]" pageId="43">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FF99FFE3C19BC26795784F8C" pageId="43">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FF99FFE3C09AC26795784F8C" pageId="43">FD715F02-0CB4-4A5F-93C2- BFD649C05240</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF99FFE3C15DC2C8959B4C7D" pageId="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C15DC2C896914E97" blockId="43.[111,764,1239,1451]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C15DC2C896914E97" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte" country="Ecuador" elevation="2600" latitude="0.8204" location="Canton Espejo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0944" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 66078" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Carchi Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C15DC2C895854FD3" box="[113,480,1239,1263]" italics="true" pageId="43">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF99FFE3C15DC2C894AF4FD3" box="[113,202,1239,1263]" pageId="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF99FFE3C1F4C2C795794FD3" box="[216,284,1239,1263]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[114,179,978,1002]" captionTargetBox="[149,1410,152,950]" captionTargetId="figure-468@43.[146,1426,144,950]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. Holotype of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of holotype, QCAZ 66078, adult female, SVL = 19.53 mm. A, in life.B, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for specimen in preservative.The depigmentation visible in the specimen is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="43">Figs 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF99FFE3C008C2C8955B4FD3" box="[292,318,1239,1263]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="44.[129,194,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-475@44.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 29. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces Urkuphryne merinoi. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66078." pageId="43">29</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C07BC2C795854FD3" box="[343,480,1239,1263]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66078</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no.SC-PUCE 48592)
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF99FFE3C143C2E8948B4E33" box="[111,238,1271,1295]" pageId="43" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF99FFE3C000C2E895E64E33" box="[300,387,1271,1295]" name="Ecuador" pageId="43">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF99FFE3C0A1C2E896514E33" box="[397,564,1271,1295]" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="43">Carchi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C313C2E896BD4E33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C313C2E896BD4E33" box="[575,728,1271,1295]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8204" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0944" name="Canton Espejo" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi Province">Canton Espejo</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3CFC2E8956D4E12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3CFC2E8956D4E12" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8204" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0944" name="El Goaltal Parish" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi Province">El Goaltal Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C03FC30996E94E12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C03FC30996E94E12" box="[275,652,1302,1326]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8204" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0944" name="protective forest Cerro Golondrinas" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi Province">protective forest Cerro Golondrinas</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3B4C30995904E71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3B4C30995904E71" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8204" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0944" name="trail from the Heliconia Cabin to the Cortadera" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi Province">trail from the Heliconia Cabin to the Cortadera</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C32FC32A960F4E71" box="[515,618,1333,1357]" degrees="0.8204" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="0.8204">0.8204°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C359C32A96954E71" box="[629,752,1333,1357]" degrees="78.0944" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="-78.0944">78.0944°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF99FFE3C15FC34B949C4E51" box="[115,249,1364,1389]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2600.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF99FFE3C15FC34B94A04E50" box="[115,197,1364,1388]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C0BCC34A96554E51" box="[400,560,1365,1389]" pageId="43">Diego Almeida</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C310C34A969C4E51" box="[572,761,1365,1389]" pageId="43">Kunam Nusirquia</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C15DC36B95704EB0" box="[113,277,1396,1420]" pageId="43">Darwin Núñez</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C005C36B95B34EB0" box="[297,470,1396,1420]" pageId="43">Fernando Ayala</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C0C5C36B96EA4EB0" box="[489,655,1396,1420]" pageId="43">David Mantilla</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C38EC36B94A14E97" pageId="43">Santiago Recalde</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C1E2C38C953E4E97" box="[206,347,1427,1451]" pageId="43">Carlos Castro</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C0A3C38C967F4E97" box="[399,538,1427,1451]" pageId="43">Polibio Malte</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF99FFE3C313C38C96944E97" box="[575,753,1427,1451]" pageId="43" value="2016-10-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF99FFE3C313C38C96944E97" box="[575,753,1427,1451]" pageId="43" value="2016-10-12">12 October 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C15DC3CE959B4C7D" blockId="43.[113,763,1488,1861]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C15DC3CE95A44D3B" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Cerro Golondrinas & Waterfall & Las Juntas & Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte" country="Ecuador" elevation="2544" latitude="0.8217" location="Carchi Province" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 66080" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="82" stateProvince="Carchi Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C15DC3CE95EB4EDB" box="[113,398,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="43">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF99FFE3C15DC3CE94B54ED4" box="[113,208,1489,1512]" pageId="43" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 8;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF99FFE3C019C3CE95194ED4" box="[309,380,1488,1512]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="45.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[193,1369,148,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-59@45.[191,1373,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 30. Live and preserved specimens of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, QCAZ 66082, adult male, SVL = 18.33 mm; C, D, QCAZ 66083, adult female, SVL = 19.40 mm; and E, F, QCAZ 66085, adult male, SVL = 18.16 mm. A, C, E, in life. B, D, F, in preservative.Scale bars are given only for preserved adults." pageId="43">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
All collected in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF99FFE3C37CC3CF96C24ED4" box="[592,679,1488,1512]" name="Ecuador" pageId="43">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF99FFE3C39AC3CF94AB4D3B" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="43">Carchi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C1FAC3F095004D3B" box="[214,357,1519,1543]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66080</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF99FFE3C046C3F095D94D3B" box="[362,444,1519,1543]" pageId="43" type="juvenile">juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C0E9C3F0969F4D3B" box="[453,762,1519,1543]" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Cerro Golondrinas & Waterfall & Las Juntas & Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte" country="Ecuador" elevation="2544" latitude="0.8217" location="All" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 66080, QCAZ 66079, QCAZ 66083, QCAZ 66091, QCAZ 66085" specimenCount="82" specimenCount-adult="82" stateProvince="Carchi" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED6DAE54FF99FFE3C0E9C3F0966B4D3B" box="[453,526,1519,1543]" collectionName="Ecuador, Quito, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Catholic Zoology Museum" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||||
66081–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF99FFE3C34EC3F096934D3B" box="[610,758,1519,1543]" pageId="43">82 adult males</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C15DC01095E44D7A" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Cerro Golondrinas & Waterfall & Las Juntas & Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte" country="Ecuador" elevation="2544" latitude="0.8217" location="All" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 66079, QCAZ 66083, QCAZ 66091" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="82" stateProvince="Carchi" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C15DC01095664D1A" box="[113,259,1550,1575]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66079</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C021C01095C54D1A" box="[269,416,1550,1575]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C0FAC01096034D1A" box="[470,614,1550,1575]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
adult females, same locality as holotype;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C0A5C03195F04DDE" collectingDate="2016-10-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte" country="Ecuador" elevation="2544" latitude="0.8217" location="protective forest Cerro Golondrinas" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 66085" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="82" stateProvince="Carchi" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C0A5C031967F4D7A" box="[393,538,1582,1606]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 66085</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF99FFE3C30EC03196EB4D7A" box="[546,654,1582,1606]" pageId="43" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3FCC03195AF4D59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C3FCC03195AF4D59" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8217" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" name="protective forest Cerro Golondrinas" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi">protective forest Cerro Golondrinas</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C0FBC052969F4D59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C0FBC052969F4D59" box="[471,762,1613,1637]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8217" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0951" name="Waterfall trail to Las Juntas" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi">Waterfall trail to Las Juntas</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C155C07294854DB9" box="[121,224,1645,1669]" degrees="0.8217" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="0.8217">0.8217°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C1DEC073950E4DB8" box="[242,363,1644,1668]" degrees="78.0951" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="-78.0951">78.0951°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF99FFE3C0A9C07396724DB9" box="[389,535,1644,1669]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.544" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2544.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF99FFE3C0A9C07395B94DB8" box="[389,476,1644,1668]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.544" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2544.0">2544 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
; collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C390C07294AF4D98" pageId="43">Diego Almeida</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C1F4C09395F04D98" box="[216,405,1676,1700]" pageId="43">Kunam Nusirquia</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C08FC09396244D98" box="[419,577,1676,1700]" pageId="43">Darwin Núñez</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C363C09396934D98" box="[591,758,1676,1700]" pageId="43">Fernando Ayala</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C15DC0B495774DFF" box="[113,274,1707,1731]" pageId="43">David Mantilla</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C033C0B495B64DFF" box="[287,467,1707,1731]" pageId="43">Santiago Recalde</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C0CDC0B496164DFF" box="[481,627,1707,1731]" pageId="43">Carlos Castro</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C39CC0B494C84DDF" pageId="43">Polibio Malte</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF99FFE3C1F7C0D495F04DDE" box="[219,405,1738,1763]" pageId="43" value="2016-10-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF99FFE3C1F7C0D495F04DDE" box="[219,405,1738,1763]" pageId="43" value="2016-10-12">12 October 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFF99FFE3C08DC0D4959F4C7D" collectingDate="2008-09-18" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Juan Fernando Duenas & Italo Tapia" country="Ecuador" elevation="2740" latitude="0.8233" location="La Comadre waterfall" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0232" pageId="43" specimenCode="QCAZ 41813" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Carchi Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF99FFE3C08DC0D496514DDF" box="[417,564,1739,1763]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="43" type="Museum">QCAZ 41813</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF99FFE3C311C0D496DA4DDF" box="[573,703,1739,1763]" pageId="43" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF99FFE3C15DC0F594AD4C3E" box="[113,200,1770,1794]" name="Ecuador" pageId="43">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF99FFE3C1F4C0F595E14C3E" box="[216,388,1770,1794]" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="43">Carchi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFF99FFE3C0BFC0F596184C3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF99FFFCC039C24D95CA4865:8EA3604AFF99FFE3C0BFC0F596184C3E" box="[403,637,1770,1794]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8233" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0232" name="La Comadre waterfall" pageId="43" stateProvince="Carchi Province">La Comadre waterfall</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C3A3C0F596924C3E" box="[655,759,1770,1794]" degrees="0.8233" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="0.8233">0.8233°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FF99FFE3C15DC11694894C1D" box="[113,236,1801,1825]" degrees="78.0232" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" precision="5" value="-78.0232">78.0232°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FF99FFE3C1D1C116951B4C1D" box="[253,382,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2740.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF99FFE3C1D1C11695294C1D" box="[253,332,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="43" unit="m" value="2740.0">2740 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C322C115969F4C1D" box="[526,762,1801,1825]" pageId="43">Juan Fernando Dueñas</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FF99FFE3C1B2C135956E4C7D" box="[158,267,1833,1861]" pageId="43">Ítalo Tapia</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FF99FFE3C01CC136959F4C7D" box="[304,506,1833,1857]" pageId="43" value="2008-09-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FF99FFE3C01CC136959F4C7D" box="[304,506,1833,1857]" pageId="43" value="2008-09-18">18 September 2008</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF99FFE3C15DC17A96974C86" pageId="43" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C15DC17A96F64C41" blockId="43.[113,659,1893,1917]" box="[113,659,1893,1917]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C15DC17A95D64C41" box="[113,435,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="43">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Merino leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE3C15DC1BD96974C86" blockId="43.[113,754,1954,1978]" box="[113,754,1954,1978]" pageId="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C15DC1BD95DC4C86" box="[113,441,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="43">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de hojarasca de Merino.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF99FFE4C206C24D966D4E5C" lastPageId="44" pageId="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF99FFE4C206C24D966D4E5C" blockId="43.[810,1461,1106,1976]" lastBlockId="44.[128,777,1163,1376]" lastPageId="44" pageId="43">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C206C24D97E84F56" box="[810,909,1106,1130]" italics="true" pageId="43">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF99FFE3C28EC24D907C4F56" box="[930,1049,1106,1130]" captionStart-0="Figure 28" captionStart-1="Figure 29" captionStart-2="Figure 30" captionStart-3="Figure 31" captionStart-4="Figure 32" captionStart-5="Figure 33" captionStartId-0="43.[114,179,978,1002]" captionStartId-1="44.[129,194,1091,1115]" captionStartId-2="45.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionStartId-3="46.[128,193,1161,1185]" captionStartId-4="47.[113,178,1778,1802]" captionStartId-5="48.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox-0="[149,1410,152,950]" captionTargetBox-1="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetBox-2="[193,1369,148,1740]" captionTargetBox-3="[169,1438,160,1119]" captionTargetBox-4="[202,1368,149,1747]" captionTargetBox-5="[200,1383,160,1726]" captionTargetId-0="figure-468@43.[146,1426,144,950]" captionTargetId-1="figure-475@44.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId-2="figure-59@45.[191,1373,144,1744]" captionTargetId-3="figure-455@46.[161,1441,144,1133]" captionTargetId-4="figure-75@47.[198,1374,144,1751]" captionTargetId-5="figure-62@48.[183,1419,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId-0="43" captionTargetPageId-1="44" captionTargetPageId-2="45" captionTargetPageId-3="46" captionTargetPageId-4="47" captionTargetPageId-5="48" captionText-0="Figure 28. Holotype of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of holotype, QCAZ 66078, adult female, SVL = 19.53 mm. A, in life.B, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for specimen in preservative.The depigmentation visible in the specimen is attributable to preservation defects." captionText-1="Figure 29. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces Urkuphryne merinoi. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66078." captionText-2="Figure 30. Live and preserved specimens of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, QCAZ 66082, adult male, SVL = 18.33 mm; C, D, QCAZ 66083, adult female, SVL = 19.40 mm; and E, F, QCAZ 66085, adult male, SVL = 18.16 mm. A, C, E, in life. B, D, F, in preservative.Scale bars are given only for preserved adults." captionText-3="Figure 31. Skull of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078. The skull is shown in dorsal (A), ventral (B), lateral (C), and frontal (D) views." captionText-4="Figure 32. Computed tomography scan images of the skeleton of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078, SVL = 19.53 mm, in dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) views." captionText-5="Figure 33. Computed tomography scan images of the hand and foot osteology of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078. The right hand is shown in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. The left foot is shown in ventral (plantar) (C) and dorsal (D) views." pageId="43">Figs 28–33</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF99FFE3C506C24D90E14F56" box="[1066,1156,1106,1130]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="43">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF99FFE3C593C24D90A94F56" box="[1215,1228,1106,1130]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="43">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C5E0C24C90BB4F56" box="[1228,1246,1107,1130]" italics="true" pageId="43">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF99FFE3C52AC26D901A4FB6" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1030,1151,1138,1162]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="43" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF99FFE3C52AC26D901A4FB6" box="[1030,1151,1138,1162]" italics="true" pageId="43">Urkuphryne</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on dorsum smooth to finely shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, dorsal surfaces of thighs smooth, finely shagreen or shagreen, skin on throat, chest and belly smooth, discoidal fold present, ventral surfaces of thighs finely shagreen, skin on flanks shagreen to weakly areolate; (2) tympanic membrane, tympanic annulus, supratympanic fold, and postrictal tubercle present; (3) snout rounded to broadly rounded in dorsal and lateral views; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth present; (6) vocal slits present, nuptial pads absent; (7) fingers not expanded distally, finger tips rounded to subacuminate, lacking papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers lacking lateral fringes, pads present, lacking circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges of all toes and fingers narrower distally, with the tip pointed; phalangeal formula of hand 2-2- 3-3; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing an inconspicuous fold; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle elongate in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, bigger than rounded outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes not expanded distally, with rounded to subacuminate toe tips, lacking papillae, supernumerary tubercles absent, lateral fringes on toes absent, toe basal webbing present, all toes bearing well-defined pads lacking circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in life, dorsal surfaces dark brown, bearing darker circular sacral lateral patches delineated by an orange line; dark brown facial mask from the tip of snout to near the groins, bordered dorsally by an orange line; throat dark brown or cream in females and almost black in males; ventral surfaces light brown or brown, bearing white spots; and (15) SVL in adult males
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9EFFE4C0A4C33795974E7C" box="[392,498,1320,1344]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.722" pageId="44" unit="mm" value="17.22">17.22 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C329C336967D4E7C" box="[517,536,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="44">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 3) and SVL in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9EFFE4C1FBC35895254E63" box="[215,320,1351,1375]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.969" pageId="44" unit="mm" value="19.69">19.69 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C07CC35795064E63" box="[336,355,1352,1375]" italics="true" pageId="44">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 5) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9EFFE4C086C35895924E5C" box="[426,503,1351,1376]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="44">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF9EFFE4C1ADC25C91CB4F67" box="[129,1454,1091,1116]" pageId="44" startId="44.[129,194,1091,1115]" targetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" targetPageId="44" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE4C1ADC25C91CB4F67" blockId="44.[129,1454,1091,1116]" box="[129,1454,1091,1116]" pageId="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C1ADC25C94804F67" bold="true" box="[129,229,1091,1115]" pageId="44">Figure 29.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C313C25C97634F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[575,774,1091,1115]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="44" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C313C25C97634F67" bold="true" box="[575,774,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="44">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C404C25B91CC4F67" box="[1320,1449,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="44">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9EFFE4C1ADC39894BF4DE4" pageId="44" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE4C1ADC39894BF4DE4" blockId="44.[127,778,1415,1752]" pageId="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C1ADC39894844EA2" box="[129,225,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="44">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9EFFE4C1DEC398952D4EA3" box="[242,328,1415,1439]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="44">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9EFFE4C051C39895EC4EA3" box="[381,393,1415,1439]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="44">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C0A5C398960E4EA2" box="[393,619,1415,1439]" italics="true" pageId="44">
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C08DC398960E4EA2" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[417,619,1415,1439]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="44" rank="species" species="merinoi">Urkuphryne merinoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C00AC3B995FA4E82" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[294,415,1446,1470]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C00AC3B995FA4E82" box="[294,415,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="44">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but can be distinguished from them by the presence of vomerine teeth (absence of vomerine teeth is a synapomorphy of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C061C3FA95A34EC1" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[333,454,1509,1533]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C061C3FA95A34EC1" box="[333,454,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="44">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the absence of circumferential grooves on toes (present in all
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C302C01B969A4D20" box="[558,767,1540,1564]" pageId="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C302C01B96C24D20" box="[558,679,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="44">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C1ADC03C952C4D07" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[129,329,1571,1595]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="44" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C1ADC03C952C4D07" box="[129,329,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="44">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be differentiated easily from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C3B2C03C95E84D67" authority="(Boulenger, 1898)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Barycholos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C3B2C03C94AC4D67" italics="true" pageId="44">Barycholos pulcher</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF9EFFE4C1F9C05C95E34D67" author="Boulenger GA" box="[213,390,1603,1627]" pageId="44" pagination="107 - 28" refId="ref36711" refString="Boulenger GA. An account of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Mr. W. F. H. Rosenberg in western Ecuador. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1898; 66: 107 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1898. tb 03134. x" type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of vomerine teeth in two small rows, oblique, broadly separated, and posteromedial to choanae (vomerine teeth in two long transverse rows posterior to the level of choana, narrowly separated in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9EFFE4C3B2C0BE94AC4DE4" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Barycholos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C3B2C0BE94AC4DE4" italics="true" pageId="44">Barycholos pulcher</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9EFFFCC1ADC11F95CA4865" lastPageId="52" pageId="44" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE4C1ADC11F95A64C88" blockId="44.[129,778,1791,1972]" pageId="44">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C1ADC11F964E4C2B" box="[129,555,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="44">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF9EFFE4C000C0E0951B4C2B" box="[300,382,1791,1815]" pageId="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9EFFE4C0A1C11F95B44C24" box="[397,465,1792,1816]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[114,179,978,1002]" captionTargetBox="[149,1410,152,950]" captionTargetId="figure-468@43.[146,1426,144,950]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. Holotype of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of holotype, QCAZ 66078, adult female, SVL = 19.53 mm. A, in life.B, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for specimen in preservative.The depigmentation visible in the specimen is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="44">Figs 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9EFFE4C0D2C11F967D4C24" box="[510,536,1792,1816]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="44.[129,194,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-475@44.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figure 29. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces Urkuphryne merinoi. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66078." pageId="44">29</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult female (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9EFFE4C3E8C11F94A74C0B" italics="true" pageId="44">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 19.53; tibia length, 7.79; foot length, 8.66; head length, 5.74; head width, 7.05; eye diameter, 2.14; tympanum diameter, 1.18; interorbital distance, 1.93; upper eyelid width, 1.31; internarial distance, 1.79; eye–nostril distance, 1.51.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE4C279C294914B4E81" blockId="44.[824,1476,1163,1971]" pageId="44">Head wider than long, head wider than body; canthus rostralis slightly convex in lateral view; loreal region slightly concave in dorsal view; cranial crests absent; upper eyelids bearing no tubercles. Tympanic annulus weakly defined, differentiated only at its lower half; tympanic membrane present; small supratympanic fold present; postrictal tubercle present. Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views, without rostral papilla. Vomerine teeth present, small, oblique, broadly separated, posteromedial to choanae; each vomer bearing small teeth; vocal slits and nuptial pads absent, 30 teeth visible in the upper maxilla.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE4C279C3DA903B4C48" blockId="44.[824,1476,1163,1971]" pageId="44">Skin on dorsum smooth, skin on flanks shagreen; dorsolateral folds present; skin on throat, chest, and belly smooth; ventral surfaces of thighs finely shagreen; discoidal fold absent; skin in ventral cloacal region areolate. Ulnar tubercles absent; palmar tubercles prominent, outer palmar tubercle circular on right hand and slightly elongate on left hand, thenar tubercle large and elongate; proximal subarticular tubercles well defined, round in ventral and lateral view; distal subarticular tubercles not visible; minute and round supernumerary tubercles all over palmar surface; lateral dermal fringes absent; discs narrow, rounded, and bearing well-defined rounded pads without circumferential grooves; fingers not expanded distally, tip of fingers rounded without papillae; phalangeal formula of 2-2-3-3; relative length of fingers is I <II <IV <III.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9EFFE6C279C16495564D02" blockId="44.[824,1476,1163,1971]" lastBlockId="46.[129,778,1261,1598]" lastPageId="46" pageId="44">
|
||||
Hindlimbs robust; dorsal surface of hindlimbs smooth; posterior and ventral surfaces of thighs shagreen; heel and knee without tubercles; outer tarsal folds absent; inner tarsal fold present, inconspicuous and thin; outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle absent; inner metatarsal tubercle small (
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9FFFE5C25AC14897BC4C53" box="[886,985,1879,1903]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="45" unit="mm" value="1.08">1.08 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), prominent, elongate in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, 1.86 × longer than rounded; outer metatarsal tubercle small (
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9FFFE5C56BC18A90C94C91" box="[1095,1196,1941,1965]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="45" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), well defined, rounded, and prominent; plantar surface without supernumerary tubercles; basal subarticular tubercles well defined, round in dorsal view; distal subarticular tubercles not visible; toes without lateral dermal fringes; basal webbing between toes present; discs narrow, rounded and bearing well-defined rounded pads without circumferential grooves; toes not expanded distally, tip of toes rounded without papillae; relative length of toes is I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III surpasses the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; toe V reaches the proximal border of the second tubercle of toe IV).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF9FFFE5C15DC0F396854C00" pageId="45" startId="45.[113,178,1772,1796]" targetBox="[193,1369,148,1740]" targetPageId="45" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9FFFE5C15DC0F391064C38" blockId="45.[113,1459,1772,1852]" box="[113,1379,1772,1796]" pageId="45">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9FFFE5C15DC0F394B34C38" bold="true" box="[113,214,1772,1796]" pageId="45">Figure 30.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live and preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9FFFE5C33EC0F396BD4C38" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[530,728,1772,1796]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="45" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9FFFE5C33EC0F396BD4C38" bold="true" box="[530,728,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="45">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, QCAZ 66082, adult male,
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9FFFE5C15DC11796854C00" blockId="45.[113,1459,1772,1852]" pageId="45">SVL = 18.33 mm; C, D, QCAZ 66083, adult female, SVL = 19.40 mm; and E, F, QCAZ 66085, adult male, SVL = 18.16 mm. A, C, E, in life. B, D, F, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF9CFFE6C1ACC29694D94F81" pageId="46" startId="46.[128,193,1161,1185]" targetBox="[169,1438,160,1119]" targetPageId="46" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9CFFE6C1ACC29694D94F81" blockId="46.[128,1419,1161,1213]" pageId="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C1ACC29694804F9D" bold="true" box="[128,229,1161,1185]" pageId="46">Figure 31.</emphasis>
|
||||
Skull of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9CFFE6C01AC29695994F9D" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[310,508,1161,1185]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="46" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C01AC29695994F9D" bold="true" box="[310,508,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="46">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C377C29696B94F9D" box="[603,732,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="46">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
. The skull is shown in dorsal (A), ventral (B), lateral (C), and frontal (D) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9CFFE6C1ADC07F97E44C05" blockId="46.[128,779,1632,1969]" lastBlockId="46.[824,1475,1261,1849]" pageId="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C1ADC07F976C4D4B" box="[129,777,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="46">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF9CFFE6C1CEC07F95534D44" box="[226,310,1632,1656]" pageId="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life (based on digital photographs) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9CFFE6C398C07F96934D44" box="[692,758,1632,1656]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[114,179,978,1002]" captionTargetBox="[149,1410,152,950]" captionTargetId="figure-468@43.[146,1426,144,950]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. Holotype of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of holotype, QCAZ 66078, adult female, SVL = 19.53 mm. A, in life.B, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for specimen in preservative.The depigmentation visible in the specimen is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="46">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The dorsal surface is dark brown, with a few scattered white and low tubercles, and covered by small orange dots that group in two conspicuous lateral lines (one on each side) from the arm insertion to the tip of the snout through the upper eyelids. Posteriorly, the dorsum bears two dark brown circular sacral lateral patches, with a few orange flecks and delineated by an orange line formed by the aggregation of the same orange dots, more densely grouped medially at the level of the sacrum. The dorsal surface of limbs is dark brown, covered with white and orange flecks; it bears a few irregular dark brown blotches delineated by aligned orange dots. Dorsal feet surface dark brown, covered by orange and yellowish brown flecks and with irregular dark brown blotches with yellowish brown borders formed by the alignment of the flecks. Laterally, a dark brown facial mask extends as a dark band from the tip of snout to near the groins. The facial mask bears irregular white marks and orange and yellowish brown flecks more conspicuous rostrally. The flecks form ill-defined bars in the upper lip, with white marks. Along its path, the mask is bordered dorsally by orange spots, longitudinally aligned. Groins are dark brown, uniformly covered by small orange dots and with some scattered white marks. Throat uniformly dark brown, darker than belly and limb ventral surfaces, with white scattered marks. Belly and limb ventral surfaces with dark brown flecks densely aggregated in many irregular patches alternated with yellowish brown irregular blotches, with fewer dark brown flecks. Posterior surfaces of thighs dark brown with orange flecks; flecks form an orange stripe in the upper cloacal region that extends over the thighs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9CFFF9C215C14594B8493C" blockId="46.[824,1475,1882,1969]" lastBlockId="49.[113,764,144,513]" lastPageId="49" pageId="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C215C14597F04C4E" box="[825,917,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="46">Colour of</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9CFFE6C2B7C14590834C4E" box="[923,1254,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="46">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF9CFFE6C2B7C14597884C4E" box="[923,1005,1882,1906]" pageId="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9CFFE6C5BDC14490B64C4E" box="[1169,1235,1882,1906]" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="43.[114,179,978,1002]" captionTargetBox="[149,1410,152,950]" captionTargetId="figure-468@43.[146,1426,144,950]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 28. Holotype of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of holotype, QCAZ 66078, adult female, SVL = 19.53 mm. A, in life.B, in preservative. Scale bar is given only for specimen in preservative.The depigmentation visible in the specimen is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="46">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surfaces dark brown, with darker sacral lateral circular patches surrounded by a poorly defined cream edge. Facial mask dark brown (darker than dorsal surface) to black extending from the tip of snout to near the groins, delimited dorsally by a thin cream line. Throat dark brown, belly and ventral surfaces of limbs with a mosaic of cream and dark brown blotches bearing dark brown flecks. Posterior surfaces of thighs dark brown, with a darker triangular blotch in the cloacal region limited on its upper side by a thin cream line.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF82FFF8C1ADC14E95224C5B" box="[129,327,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="48">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF82FFF8C1DCC14E95514C54" box="[240,308,1872,1896]" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="45.[113,178,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[193,1369,148,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-59@45.[191,1373,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figure 30. Live and preserved specimens of Urkuphryne merinoi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, QCAZ 66082, adult male, SVL = 18.33 mm; C, D, QCAZ 66083, adult female, SVL = 19.40 mm; and E, F, QCAZ 66085, adult male, SVL = 18.16 mm. A, C, E, in life. B, D, F, in preservative.Scale bars are given only for preserved adults." pageId="48">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Vocal slits are present in adult males (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C1ADC17095474CBB" box="[129,290,1903,1927]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 66085</specimenCode>
|
||||
); dorsum skin might be finely shagreened (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C194C19095354C9A" box="[184,336,1934,1959]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 66079</specimenCode>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C0A1C190964D4C9A" box="[397,552,1934,1959]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
) and on flanks (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C215C14F97B74C54" box="[825,978,1872,1896]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 41813</specimenCode>
|
||||
); the latter can also be weakly areolate (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C45AC14F97E64CBB" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Snout might be broadly rounded (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF82FFF8C435C17091DC4CBB" box="[1305,1465,1903,1927]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="48" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Supernumerary palmar tubercles might be inconspicuous (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C186C68F952D4B94" box="[170,328,144,168]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
); tip of fingers might be subacuminate (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C188C6B095594BFB" box="[164,316,175,199]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66081</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Dorsal surfaces of limbs might be weakly shagreened (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C033C6D095D44BDA" box="[287,433,206,231]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66085</specimenCode>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C0CEC6D096124BDB" box="[482,631,207,231]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
) or shagreen (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C18BC6F195274A3A" box="[167,322,238,262]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 41813</specimenCode>
|
||||
); toe III might be subacuminate (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C382C6F194DC4A19" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66082</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Live individuals might have dark brown, almost black (e.g. 66082), or cream (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C0B3C73296524A79" box="[415,567,301,325]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
) throat and chest; the round sacral lateral patch might expand anteriorly to the iliac region (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C00EC77495DC4ABF" box="[290,441,363,387]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66085</specimenCode>
|
||||
) or be inconspicuous (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C382C77494DC4A9F" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
); belly and dorsal surfaces might be light brown (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C15DC7B5956D4AFE" box="[113,264,426,450]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66085</specimenCode>
|
||||
); the entire coloration can be lighter (e.g.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C39DC7B594D64ADD" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66083</specimenCode>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C1CAC7D695194ADD" box="[230,380,457,481]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
). Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF83FFF9C1A7C7F694B2493D" box="[139,215,489,513]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="49">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF9DFFE7C15DC0ED95BE4C1A" pageId="47" startId="47.[113,178,1778,1802]" targetBox="[202,1368,149,1747]" targetPageId="47" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9DFFE7C15DC0ED95BE4C1A" blockId="47.[113,1419,1778,1831]" pageId="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9DFFE7C15DC0ED94B34C36" bold="true" box="[113,214,1778,1802]" pageId="47">Figure 32.</emphasis>
|
||||
Computed tomography scan images of the skeleton of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9DFFE7C3F6C0ED97C44C36" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[730,929,1778,1802]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="47" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9DFFE7C3F6C0ED97C44C36" bold="true" box="[730,929,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="47">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9DFFE7C2D3C0EC90E54C36" box="[1023,1152,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="47">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
, SVL = 19.53 mm, in dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF82FFF8C1ADC0F390CD4C1C" pageId="48" startId="48.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[200,1383,160,1726]" targetPageId="48" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF82FFF8C1ADC0F390CD4C1C" blockId="48.[129,1467,1772,1824]" pageId="48">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF82FFF8C1ADC0F394804C38" bold="true" box="[129,229,1772,1796]" pageId="48">Figure 33.</emphasis>
|
||||
Computed tomography scan images of the hand and foot osteology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF82FFF8C253C0F390204C38" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[895,1093,1772,1796]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="48" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF82FFF8C253C0F390204C38" bold="true" box="[895,1093,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="48">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF82FFF8C588C0F391404C38" box="[1188,1317,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="48">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
. The right hand is shown in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. The left foot is shown in ventral (plantar) (C) and dorsal (D) views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C0A4C4399581497C" blockId="49.[392,484,550,576]" box="[392,484,550,576]" pageId="49">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF83FFF9C0A4C4399581497C" box="[392,484,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="49">Osteology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C15DC4529677499F" blockId="49.[113,762,589,675]" pageId="49">
|
||||
The osteological description is based on micro-CT images of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF83FFF9C15DC47394A849B8" box="[113,205,620,644]" pageId="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(adult female
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF83FFF9C04AC473959749B8" box="[358,498,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="49">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C04AC473959749B8" box="[358,498,620,644]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66078</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF83FFF9C31DC47396F149B8" box="[561,660,620,644]" pageId="49" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(adult females
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C19DC4949525499F" box="[177,320,651,675]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 41813</specimenCode>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFF83FFF9C05DC4949663499F" box="[369,518,651,675]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="49" type="Museum">QCAZ 66091</specimenCode>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C15DC4DA96FB4F09" blockId="49.[111,765,709,1986]" pageId="49">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF83FFF9C15DC4DA956C49E0" box="[113,265,709,733]" italics="true" pageId="49">
|
||||
Skull (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF83FFF9C198C4DA949249E1" box="[180,247,709,733]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="46.[128,193,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[169,1438,160,1119]" captionTargetId="figure-455@46.[161,1441,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figure 31. Skull of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078. The skull is shown in dorsal (A), ventral (B), lateral (C), and frontal (D) views." pageId="49">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The skull is slightly wider than long; the widest section is at the quadratojugal–maxillary joint. The longest part of the skull, measured from the anterior face of the premaxilla to posterior border of the exoccipital, is 92.5% of its widest section. The rostrum is short, with a distance from the anterior edge of the frontoparietals to the anterior face of the premaxilla of ~32.2% of the skull length (measured from the anterior face of the premaxilla to posterior face of the exoccipital). At the level of the anterior edge of orbits, skull is ~62.2% of the maximum skull width and reaches ~88.5% of the maximum skull width at the level of midorbit. The posterior edge of orbits reaches 99.2% of the maximum skull width and is located posterior to it.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C1A1C22294D14DFB" blockId="49.[111,765,709,1986]" pageId="49">The braincase contains well-ossified elements. The frontoparietals are well-developed bones, markedly longer than wide and slightly narrower anteriorly than posteriorly; frontoparietals are ossified and sutured along their entire length, but they leave a thin, short, unossified fontanel at their anterior end. At their posterior end, the frontoparietals are completely suturedwiththeotoccipitals, togetherformingprominentridgeson each side and a completely closed braincase. The ridges formed have very small unossified patches. The otoccipitals are formed by well-fused prootic and exoccipital, with small unossified patches in the crests they formed when fused. Ridges formed between frontoparietals + otoccipitals and prootic + exoccipitals form a continuous V-shaped ridge, with the anterior ramus (fro ntoparietals + otoccipitals) more prolonged (posterior ramus is 61.96% of the anterior ramus). The apex between rami is medial and angled at slightly>90°. At their anterior and lateral end, the frontoparietals fuse with the sphenethmoids. The latter have complete ossification and are fused ventrally with the anterior portion of the cultriform process of the parasphenoid. Ventrally and posteriorly, the sphenethmoids surpass the midpoint of the orbits.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C1A1C0D0978B4A3A" blockId="49.[111,765,709,1986]" lastBlockId="49.[810,1461,144,1985]" pageId="49">The cultriform process of the parasphenoid is complete and well ossified, with a biconvex shape, with anterior and posterior ends pointed and thinner than its medial segment; at its base (at the anterior border of the alar processes of the parasphenoid) is ~8.21% of the maximum skull width and reaches its maximum thickness at its midpoint (24.09% of the maximum skull width). It is important to mention that the alar processes do not emerge from the posterior end of the cultriform process, but a few millimetres anteriorly, hence the posterior tip of the cultriform process protrudes posteriorly. Fenestra vestibule (parasphenoid alar processes + otoccipitals) is poorly ossified, and their shape cannot be detailed.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C269C712903B4845" blockId="49.[810,1461,144,1985]" pageId="49">The neopalatines are thin and separated from one another. They articulate with the ventral face of the sphenethmoid by their upper tip and with the internal face of the maxilla in its anterior third, by their lower end forming the anteroventral corner of the orbit. The septomaxilla is small and horseshoe shaped, with a medial and slightly posterior opening; both ends are pointed, and the centre is widened and flattened laterally; both ends are free and do not articulate with any bone. The prevomers are large, located medial, superior, and posterior to the septomaxilla; they are broadly separated from one another medially; the separation is greater rostrally. The dentigerous processes are conspicuous, more visible ventrally, in the left prevomer. The columella (or stapes) is large and well ossified. The nasals are thin and posterolaterally expanded. They are ossified only in their posterior portion, hence they are completely distant from the alar processes of the premaxilla. Posteroventrally they are fused with the sphenethmoids and posteriorly with the anterior border of the frontoparietals; their posterolateral expansion is close but not fused to the neopalatine + maxillary joint.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C269C59F97844D75" blockId="49.[810,1461,144,1985]" pageId="49">The maxillary arch bears many small and moderately sized teeth on the maxillae and on the transversal section of the premaxillae. The premaxillae are partly separated medially, and their rostral alary processes rise divergent from the midline. Alary processes of the premaxillae are prominent and widened in the opposite direction to their base, rising perpendicular to the cross-section of the premaxillae. They are separated ventrally from each other. The short premaxilla and maxilla are in lateral contact by juxtaposed articulation. The maxilla becomes narrow posteriorly, reaching an acuminate caudal end, which is in contact, on its inner side, with the quadratojugals. The triradiate pterygoid bears a long, curved rostral ramus oriented anterolaterally that fuses with the internal face of the maxilla near its midpoint; this ramus is the longest of the three, it is flattened laterally, and its anterior end is thinner than the posterior one. The caudal ramus is shorter than the rostral one and as wide as the latter in its initial portion, and likewise, it sharpens towards the tip (posterior end), which merges with the posterior tip of the angulosplenial; this ramus is also flattened laterally. The medial ramus has the same length as the caudal, is widened in its terminal portion and flattened anteroposteriorly; on its posterior face it articulates with the anterolateral surface of the otoccipital.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF83FFF9C269C04E97F54CFD" blockId="49.[810,1461,144,1985]" pageId="49">The quadratojugal is well ossified; it articulates by its dorsoposterior face with the ventral ramus of the T-shaped squamosal. The squamosal has three rami; the posteroventral ramus widens towards its free (posterior) end as it moves away from its base; this ramus is flattened anterodorsally, it is slightly shorter than the posterodorsal ramus and longer than the zygomatic or anterior ramus. The posterodorsal ramus is flattened dorsoventrally, and its root is very close to the columella; the small zygomatic ramus is flattened laterally. Both branches (posterodorsal and anterior) become pointed towards their free ends and do not articulate with any bony structure.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC1B0C68F95F64942" blockId="50.[127,779,144,638]" pageId="50">The mandible is slim and completely edentate. The mentomeckelians are small, medially separated from each other, in the shape of a cylinder widened towards their ends; they are in contact posteriorly with the dentaries, which are short, acuminate towards the posterior end, and flattened anterodorsally. From the middle of its posterior border and with its posterior end, the dentary bones articulate with the anterior face of the angulosplenial.The angulosplenial is long, arcuate, and expanded at its posterior end; it articulates broadly by its anterolateral face with the posteromedial face of the slim and relatively small dentaries. The only ossified portions of the hyoid apparatus are the two posteromedial processes, which are moderately expanded anteriorly and posteriorly. Both posteromedial processes present a steep anteroventral inclination and are moderately separated from one another at the anterior ends; the separation between them increases posteriorly.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC1ADC4A995C048B5" blockId="50.[128,779,693,1971]" pageId="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC1ADC4A9950749F1" box="[129,354,693,717]" italics="true" pageId="50">
|
||||
Postcranium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF80FFFAC020C4A9953549F1" box="[268,336,693,717]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="47.[113,178,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[202,1368,149,1747]" captionTargetId="figure-75@47.[198,1374,144,1751]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figure 32. Computed tomography scan images of the skeleton of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078, SVL = 19.53 mm, in dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) views." pageId="50">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
There are eight non-imbricate presacral vertebrae. The first presacral vertebra (cervical vertebra) is wider than posterior vertebrae and has no diapophyses. The cervical vertebra has a
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF80FFFAC034C50B95234810" box="[280,326,788,812]" pageId="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
I cotylar arrangement. The cervical cotyles receive the occipital condyles of the cranium, which are widely separated from each other, leaving a foramen magnum of 21.69% of the maximum skull width.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC1B0C58E953A4E81" blockId="50.[128,779,693,1971]" pageId="50">Presacral vertebrae II–VIII bear well-developed diapophyses. The transverse processes of the presacrals increase in length as they move away from the skull, with the transverse processes of presacral II being the shortest. The transverse processes of presacral II are horizontal and have a dorsoventral flattening and slightly widened lateral free ends. The transverse processes of presacral III are slightly rotated forwards and present an anteroposterior flattening; in addition, their lateral free ends are evidently wider. From presacral IV to VII, the transverse processes are rotated 90° and are also flattened anteroposteriorly; these processes are not completely ossified toward their ends. In width, the processes of presacral III are followed by those of presacral II, the second widest slightly expanded distally, and those of presacral IV, the third widest, with their edges parallel along its entire length. Transverse processes of presacrals V–VIII are the smallest and similar in size (length and width) between them. This vertebrae of this species are characterized by having a holochordal centrum.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC1B0C3DA95124C8F" blockId="50.[128,779,693,1971]" pageId="50">The sacrum bears moderately expanded diapophyses. Transverse processes are oriented laterally and slightly dorsally, with an angle of dorsal opening of ~140°, and articulate distally with the ilia, a few millimetres anterior to its front end. The sacrum is articulated caudally with the coccyx or urostyle by a bicondylar articulation. The long and thin urostyle is slightly longer than the presacral portion of the vertebral column (the presacral portion of the vertebral column is 91.85% of the urostyle) and bears a well-developed longitudinal ridge, which is largest anteriorly (at the point of its articulation with the sacrum) and gradually decreases in height posteriorly. The urostyle does not have complete transverse processes nor remnants and is not fully ossified at its posterior end. The sacrum–ilia articulation is not visible in the micro-CT scan. The ilia articulate posteromedially with each other and posteriorly with the ischia and present a long shaft.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC279C68F970F4ADD" blockId="50.[825,1476,144,481]" pageId="50">In the pectoral girdle, the clavicles are long and slim, oriented anteromedially, curved with an anterior opening concavity, with the medial tips articulated between them. The coracoids are stout, with the anterior edge curved, with a pronounced anterior opening concavity, and with a straight posterior edge; their medial tips are separate from each other, and their sternal and glenoidal ends are widened, the sternal ones more than the glenoidal ones. The scapula is long, with the anterior edge slightly oriented anteromedially. Epicoracoids are visible. The sternum has no well-ossified elements. The omosternum is absent.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC215C41C97E849EB" blockId="50.[825,1476,515,727]" pageId="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC215C41C90594926" box="[825,1084,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="50">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF80FFFAC215C41C97184926" box="[825,893,515,538]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Manus" pageId="50">Manus</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and pes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF80FFFAC2C8C41C904C4927" box="[996,1065,515,539]" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="48.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[200,1383,160,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-62@48.[183,1419,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figure 33. Computed tomography scan images of the hand and foot osteology of Urkuphryne merinoi holotype QCAZ 66078. The right hand is shown in ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views. The left foot is shown in ventral (plantar) (C) and dorsal (D) views." pageId="50">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
All phalanges are well ossified, with a phalangeal formula for the fingers and toes of 2-2-3-3 and 2-2-3-4-3, respectively. The increasing order of finger length is I <II <IV <III, and that of toes is I <II <III <V <IV. Distal phalanges of all toes and fingers are narrower distally, with the tip pointed. Bones of the carpus and metacarpus are completely ossified.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC215C4E790004E3A" blockId="50.[824,1476,760,1411]" pageId="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC215C4E7905F4813" italics="true" pageId="50">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF80FFFAC48CC4E697234813" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="50">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC242C508905F4813" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[878,1082,791,815]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="50" rank="species" species="merinoi">Urkuphryne merinoi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from the surroundings of Protective Forest Cerro Golondrinas from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF80FFFAC5C2C52991F44872" box="[1262,1425,822,847]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="50" unit="m" value="2650.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="2500.0">2500 to 2800 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. in Western Montane Forest. Surrounding the protective forest, in both highlands and lowlands, there are deforested areas, some in regeneration, near human settlements and artificial open areas for agriculture and cattle raising. Individuals were collected in secondary forest, in the afternoon (between 12:30 and 13:30 h) on mossy rock walls with high humidity or buried in leaf litter, the adult male QCAZ 66091 was found vocalizing at 12:30 h buried in soil; and at night (19:00–22:30 h) on very damp rock walls ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF80FFFAC2D3C24F902E4F54" box="[1023,1099,1104,1128]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="50" unit="cm" value="150.0">150 cm</quantity>
|
||||
from the ground, on leaf litter and mossy soils near creeks, or buried ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF80FFFAC5B3C26F90B44FBB" box="[1183,1233,1136,1160]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="50" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||||
deep in soil. All females found were next to clutches with 8–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF80FFFAC5B3C29090884F94" box="[1183,1261,1167,1192]" count="12" pageId="50" type="egg">12 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF80FFFAC5D8C290910F4F9B" box="[1268,1386,1167,1191]" count="1" pageId="50" type="female">One female</specimenCount>
|
||||
(QCAZ 41813) was collected between 9:00 and 10:30 h on the roadside in a mossy habitat with herbaceous plants, buried under moss next to a clutch of white eggs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC279C312979D4EBF" blockId="50.[824,1476,760,1411]" pageId="50">
|
||||
Because of the lack of information on population size and geographical range, we assign
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC513C33290C14E78" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1087,1188,1325,1348]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="50" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC513C33290C14E78" box="[1087,1188,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="50">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF80FFFAC557C35497824EBF" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="50" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC215C3BB91A64D8B" blockId="50.[825,1476,1444,1719]" pageId="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC215C3BB97CD4E80" box="[825,936,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="50">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC555C3BA90A64E80" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1145,1219,1445,1468]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="50" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC555C3BA90A64E80" box="[1145,1219,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="50">merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a noun in the genitive case and is a patronym for Andrés Merino-Viteri, an Ecuadorian herpetologist, professor at Pontificia Universidad Católica del
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF80FFFAC215C01D97EA4D26" box="[825,911,1538,1562]" name="Ecuador" pageId="50">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(PUCE). During his career, Andrés Merino has contributed significantly to the study of chytridiomycosis and possible consequences of climate change in anurans. At PUCE, he is director of The Threatened Amphibian Conservation Initiative of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF80FFFAC274C06097CB4DAB" box="[856,942,1663,1687]" name="Ecuador" pageId="50">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
‘Balsa de los Sapos’, one of Ecuador’s largest and long-lasting
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC299C08097944D8A" box="[949,1009,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="50">ex situ</emphasis>
|
||||
amphibian conservation projects in the world.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFAC247C0C991F54DCC" blockId="50.[825,1476,1750,1970]" box="[875,1424,1750,1777]" pageId="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC247C0C991F54DCC" bold="true" box="[875,1424,1750,1777]" pageId="50">
|
||||
Embryic development in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC55AC0C890BA4DCC" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1142,1247,1750,1777]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="50" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC55AC0C890BA4DCC" bold="true" box="[1142,1247,1750,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC423C0C891F54DCC" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[1295,1424,1750,1777]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC423C0C891F54DCC" bold="true" box="[1295,1424,1750,1777]" italics="true" pageId="50">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF80FFFBC215C0E295E24D7A" blockId="50.[825,1476,1750,1970]" lastBlockId="51.[113,765,1394,1982]" lastPageId="51" pageId="50">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF80FFFAC244C0E297B54C28" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[872,976,1789,1812]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="50" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF80FFFAC244C0E297B54C28" box="[872,976,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="50">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clutch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF80FFFAC505C0E290E44C29" box="[1065,1153,1789,1813]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="51.[115,180,1266,1290]" captionTargetBox="[158,1413,144,1236]" captionTargetId="figure-398@51.[155,1417,143,1237]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 34.Early development of Urkuphryne merinoi and Phyllonastes personinus. A, U. merinoi, clutch of female QCAZ 66078. B, P. personinus, clutch of couple QCAZ 71452–71453. Abbreviations: e, eye; ecd, endolymphatic calcium deposits; et, egg tooth; t, tail; v, fin vasculature.All scales are 1 mm unless otherwise specified." pageId="50">Fig. 34A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) was collected in the daytime, among moss with a lot of humidity on a rock wall. It was next to an adult female, presumably its mother. We were unable to observe behaviours related to mating or fertilization. It had
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF80FFFAC484C14497024CAE" count="12" pageId="50" type="egg">12 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||||
, with relatively transparent jelly coats. Out of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF80FFFAC418C16591E44CAE" box="[1332,1409,1914,1938]" count="12" pageId="50" type="egg">12 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||||
, 9 had developing embryos and 3 were unfertilized. Unfertilized eggs had a diameter of 4.03 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF81FFFBC0ABC36D95874EB5" box="[391,482,1394,1418]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="51" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(SD). The embryos were at two stages: TS5 and TS11. Five embryos were at stage TS5 and had a length (from snout to tail tip) of 4.63 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF81FFFBC35AC3AE96B64EF4" box="[630,723,1457,1481]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. All these embryos failed to develop. The remaining four embryos were at stage TS11 and had a total length of 10.40 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF81FFFBC3B6C3F096924D3B" box="[666,759,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="51" unit="mm" value="0.33">0.33 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Development of these four embryos was followed until TS13+, when the last embryo died.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF81FFFBC15FC2ED96FE4E7E" pageId="51" startId="51.[115,180,1266,1290]" targetBox="[158,1413,144,1236]" targetPageId="51" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF81FFFBC15FC2ED96FE4E7E" blockId="51.[113,1392,1265,1346]" pageId="51">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC15FC2ED94B24E36" bold="true" box="[115,215,1266,1290]" pageId="51">Figure 34.</emphasis>
|
||||
Early development of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC085C2EE96154E36" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[425,624,1265,1290]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="51" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC085C2EE96154E36" bold="true" box="[425,624,1265,1290]" italics="true" pageId="51">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC3B0C2ED970A4E36" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[668,879,1266,1290]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC3B0C2ED970A4E36" box="[668,879,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="51">Phyllonastes personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. A,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC2BFC2ED979F4E36" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[915,1018,1266,1290]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="51" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC2BFC2ED979F4E36" bold="true" box="[915,1018,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="51">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, clutch of female
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC5B2C2ED917A4E36" box="[1182,1311,1266,1290]" italics="true" pageId="51">QCAZ 66078</emphasis>
|
||||
. B,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC46EC2EC94B54E1A" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC46EC2EC94B54E1A" italics="true" pageId="51">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, clutch of couple QCAZ 71452–71453. Abbreviations: e, eye; ecd, endolymphatic calcium deposits; et, egg tooth; t, tail; v, fin vasculature. All scales are 1 mm unless otherwise specified.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF81FFFBC1A1C052955E4C5C" blockId="51.[113,765,1394,1982]" pageId="51">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC1ECC05195264D59" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[192,323,1614,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC1ECC05195264D59" box="[192,323,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="51">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
couple was found and collected in amplexus and transported to the laboratory. The clutch was laid during transport; thus, we were not able to observe mating or fertilization behaviours. The nest was deposited in a terrarium in the laboratory with leaf litter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF81FFFBC0E8C0D5967D4DDF" box="[452,536,1738,1763]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="51.[115,180,1266,1290]" captionTargetBox="[158,1413,144,1236]" captionTargetId="figure-398@51.[155,1417,143,1237]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 34.Early development of Urkuphryne merinoi and Phyllonastes personinus. A, U. merinoi, clutch of female QCAZ 66078. B, P. personinus, clutch of couple QCAZ 71452–71453. Abbreviations: e, eye; ecd, endolymphatic calcium deposits; et, egg tooth; t, tail; v, fin vasculature.All scales are 1 mm unless otherwise specified." pageId="51">Fig. 34B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It had two embryos and three unfertilized eggs. Unfertilized eggs had a diameter of 2.15 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF81FFFBC197C116957D4C1D" box="[187,280,1801,1825]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. The remaining two embryos were at TS5 and had a total length of 2.97 ±
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF81FFFBC0A9C13795864C7C" box="[389,483,1832,1856]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="51" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Only one of these embryos hatched as a froglet.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF81FFFCC1A1C177961C4A19" blockId="51.[113,765,1394,1982]" lastBlockId="52.[128,781,144,857]" lastPageId="52" pageId="51">
|
||||
For both species, embryos at TS5 have the shape and structures of most direct-developing embryos, with distinctive limb and tail buds and with a head with visible eyes. In both species, branchial arches and external gills were not apparent, and posterior limb buds were larger than the anterior ones. TS5 embryos in both species apparently lack oocyte-derived pigment, because both have clear unpigmented yolk and white embryonic integument. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC2E0C3EF902D4D3B" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[972,1096,1520,1543]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC2E0C3EF902D4D3B" box="[972,1096,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="51">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, melanocytes (neural crest-derived melanophores) are spread on the integument from the most dorsal part of the body but have not yet covered the yolk or the limb buds. Also, no retinal pigmentation was observed at this stage. Stages TS6–TS9 were recorded only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF81FFFBC423C07291EA4DB8" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[1295,1423,1645,1668]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF81FFFBC423C07291EA4DB8" box="[1295,1423,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="51">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In TS6, pigmentation has advanced to the head and limb buds. At this stage, endolymphatic calcium deposits are rounded structures that protrude prominently from the posterior dorsal region of the head. During TS7 the eye develops retinal pigmentation distinct from the unpigmented lens vesicle (pupil), and melanocytes cover the whole dorsal body. By TS9, melanocytes and the body wall have covered one-third of the yolk surface and the endolymphatic calcium deposits, which now have a triangular shape. Compared with anterior limbs, at TS7, posterior limbs show more growth and differentiation, with distinctive paddles and knee joint constrictions. Forelimbs seem to develop joint constrictions later (TS9). At TS10, we detected hindlimb movement, and autopod paddles showed finger differentiation (not shown). Between TS6 and TS7, translucent membranous fins with vascularization were first apparent in the tail.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF86FFFCC1B0C73296D04AFE" blockId="52.[128,781,144,857]" pageId="52">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC1B0C73295E34A79" authority="TS" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[156,390,301,325]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="52" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC1B0C73295044A78" box="[156,353,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="52">Urkuphryne merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
TS
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
11 embryos are paler and seem to have less melanocytes that are spread across the whole body except for the ventral midline. In this species, endolymphatic calcium deposits were still visible and covered the dorsal surface of the hindbrain bilaterally, with projections towards the eyes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF86FFFCC1B0C7D5955F4903" blockId="52.[128,781,144,857]" pageId="52">
|
||||
In both species, the egg tooth is visible as an unpigmented monocuspid structure. Between TS12 and TS13, the egg tooth becomes keratinized and darkly pigmented. This was more evident in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC1E2C43795564903" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[206,307,552,575]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="52" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC1E2C43795564903" box="[206,307,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="52">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF86FFFCC1B0C45895CA4865" blockId="52.[128,781,144,857]" pageId="52">
|
||||
The tail develops to its maximum length by TS
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF86FFFCC39FC45896894963" box="[691,748,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="52" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC3D5C458948D4942" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC3D5C458948D4942" italics="true" pageId="52">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and by TS
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF86FFFCC07FC47995E14942" box="[339,388,614,638]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="52" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC0A4C47895884942" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[392,493,615,638]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="52" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC0A4C47895884942" box="[392,493,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="52">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The tail of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC34DC47896A34942" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[609,710,615,638]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="52" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC34DC47896A34942" box="[609,710,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="52">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
seems to be thinner and larger than that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC0C3C499960E49A1" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[495,619,646,669]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC0C3C499960E49A1" box="[495,619,646,669]" italics="true" pageId="52">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; however, both have symmetrical fins over the dorsoventral axis. The progress between TS13 and TS14 implies the reduction of yolk mass and the reabsorption of the tail, which remained as a translucent vestige in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC1C7C51C950D4826" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[235,360,771,794]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC1C7C51C950D4826" box="[235,360,771,794]" italics="true" pageId="52">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
froglet. The progress from TS11 to TS
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF86FFFCC3DDC51C94F04806" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="52" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC1B7C53C95674806" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[155,258,803,826]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="52" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC1B7C53C95674806" box="[155,258,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="52">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lasted 10 days. The progress from TS5 to hatching in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF86FFFCC1B6C55D95724865" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[154,279,834,857]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF86FFFCC1B6C55D95724865" box="[154,279,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="52">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lasted 32 days.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
213
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965.xml
Normal file
213
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
|
|||
<document id="AADDDD155B18BE0FFB3F8FF785516544" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes personinus Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="EF2FE79616459813071B9F2CD579CCF5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="E631D66D4D1675A12D13607529C5B5E3">
|
||||
<mods:title id="6DE98ED3D04B788798CD4E3D63D9CCFE">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="9D9B8F5672B6A7EDDA2382D5BFEE87ED" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="33AD5D129B63B04B352B9E0D55881C2B">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="124B409233AE971D2F5E797AED7E8B3D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="88E09F58EDFBB2A39F9477800AB7788A">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="11BE0F730CF12051C3E0CDAEA215CB80">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="FC8FDAA82671E6DC856E07114563F728" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="37650707D89AEAFA1FF31F6A744A1E50">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="099522F70A9EE03CD75704875D9A31DE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="1C9703131E4569A243A3FF279A6E94FF">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A0A558656A44AFD2005E812053F9C946">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="B3DF85CD70E0CD0839E21AB2D40122F1" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="741663B88979912EA856E548B7578BD4">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="4C98B1591EEF4AB1054B8603D8D5E9B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="2291CB1E38077300EE3C06D592A7D30E">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="FBE4DE0BBA4057D07368291722F1DB9C">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="9D8D3831BAB91C8E47B280C3D813E7F3" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="67EE86723C1AB998A39E9BD5281DA62C">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="689EC840EBA4F1237289B574FE3F7F7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="328A821CCADA8BF54EA4F8E9582A14F8">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="8E9C3FDC365E924C25692478C4CEA038">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="801EC82A66069F9E1B8870B374E35E48" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="699A7AA6552EE2076C80FCD555118235">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="57EB32A1FDD8D0988F59A53018C40A55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="9AB6B067F42825D5DF5014D533EE39D1">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="DA9DFB7FBB333616645117E98150662D">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="CEB668659F494BA51C8EB059B9FB3EE1" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="8C3CEC977D1B4CBA55A432E6F22DB333">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="2C7D3404A07B91B6390EBEAD06C920E1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="2E687B30D08D7C45ACD7B5A945E88451">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="8A5789A2B29712470ECF78DFA46BF956">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E7EB4866E7E3999D1DB48F238172F9C0" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C71358BFAE51F43F991289A4502A6D46">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="B6A2BF5256934643BDCB6DBC7F52CC7C" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="E3F73063962241AACA8827B19D6F4EE5">
|
||||
<mods:title id="68B5C9F296784E24248A8E5107885A5B">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="BC7F10CDA61DA5228A93CBA767E23056">
|
||||
<mods:date id="9A2BD5DE9B8164D900E9933AE92323C7">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="78FC41614CC28F1EC69E6A7949BC789A" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="73C5A1B1FAD7E33BB1AB6C5CEA946C18">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="18FEC3DF31B88419C4855D5B8B4FCBA2" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="283C8C486A7C6669AD329933A5A8ED9E">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="B2943DDAAF8B94AB2314603240BBD67F" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="6CC85EB89E597130C5E34DE9A43CD23F">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="43627175654C408135964F8D8AE4D0BC">
|
||||
<mods:url id="6A00CA0EC7BD70CD9827446A52AC61C6">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="308A9E63C5364533A77F8F1B308F43DA">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E20D11D23C5DC61FAEF642829CE916CF" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="D26A642DC53B1A06952441A904B8E9F2" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="892E9C4A09B8B4372C019DFE4B4A0B5A" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FF9AFFE0C1CCC69091364965" pageId="40">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9AFFE0C1CCC690965C4BF5" pageId="40" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9AFFE0C1CCC690965C4BF5" blockId="40.[224,682,143,201]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C1CCC690965C4BF5" authority="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas, 2013" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C1CCC690965C4BF5" bold="true" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C1CCC69095A94B96" bold="true" box="[224,460,143,170]" italics="true" pageId="40">Phyllonastes personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
Harvey, Almendáriz, Brito & Batallas, 2013
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9AFFE0C0A8C6F2965C4846" pageId="40" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9AFFE0C0A8C6F2966F4A3B" blockId="40.[388,522,237,264]" box="[388,522,237,264]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C0A8C6F2966F4A3B" bold="true" box="[388,522,237,264]" pageId="40">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C0A3C6F195BF4A34" box="[399,474,238,264]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="41.[115,180,1729,1753]" captionTargetBox="[149,1419,154,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-96@41.[146,1426,144,1701]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 26.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes personinus. A, QCAZ 59437. B, QCAZ 71453.C, QCAZ 31118. A, B, in life. C, in preservative." pageId="40">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C0C8C6F196654A34" box="[484,512,238,264]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="42.[129,194,1351,1375]" captionTargetBox="[179,1428,174,1312]" captionTargetId="figure-304@42.[161,1441,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 27. Skeletons of Phyllonastes personinus. A, QCAZ 58818. B, QCAZ 31115." pageId="40">27</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9AFFE0C1ADC730965C4846" blockId="40.[127,780,302,890]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C1ADC73096544A7A" box="[129,561,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="40">
|
||||
Notes about external morphology (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C0F7C730967A4A7A" box="[475,543,302,326]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="41.[115,180,1729,1753]" captionTargetBox="[149,1419,154,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-96@41.[146,1426,144,1701]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 26.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes personinus. A, QCAZ 59437. B, QCAZ 71453.C, QCAZ 31118. A, B, in life. C, in preservative." pageId="40">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Comparing the original description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C07FC75195B74A59" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[339,466,334,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C07FC75195B74A59" box="[339,466,334,357]" italics="true" pageId="40">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with the Kutuku and Sumaco populations, we found a wider morphological variation than previously documented: in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF9AFFE0C0EBC79295904A99" box="[455,501,397,421]" pageId="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
series, the dorsal skin was described as smooth with pustules, whereas in the Kutuku and Sumaco populations the dorsal skin is finely shagreened. Ventral skin was described as smooth, but in Kutuku it is areolate, and in Sumaco it is weakly areolate.The snout was described as rounded in dorsal view and subtruncate in lateral view; in Kutuku and Sumaco the snout is acuminate in both views. The inner tarsal tubercle is round in lateral view in the original description; however, it is conical in Kutuku and Sumaco. According to the original description,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C076C4B895BF4982" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[346,474,679,702]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C076C4B895BF4982" box="[346,474,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="40">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lacks supernumerary plantar tubercles, but the Sumaco population does have them. Finally, the characteristic dark mask of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C0E3C4F9963549C1" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[463,592,742,765]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C0E3C4F9963549C1" box="[463,592,742,765]" italics="true" pageId="40">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was described as short and extending only to the anterior third of the flank; in Kutuku, the mask extends to the groins. These morphological differences could indicate the existence of more than one species within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C1E4C57C95204846" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[200,325,867,890]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C1E4C57C95204846" box="[200,325,867,890]" italics="true" pageId="40">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C053C57D95B04846" box="[383,469,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="40">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
’ section).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9AFFE0C1ADC58391A54A79" pageId="40" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9AFFE0C1ADC58391A54A79" blockId="40.[128,779,924,1982]" lastBlockId="40.[825,1475,144,325]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C1ADC583976F488F" box="[129,778,924,948]" italics="true" pageId="40">
|
||||
Distribution and natural history (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C0E1C58396614888" box="[461,516,924,948]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="40">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C308C583976F488F" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[548,778,924,948]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">Phyllonastes personinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
was known only from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF9AFFE0C0A8C5A495D748EF" box="[388,434,955,979]" pageId="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality region (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FF9AFFE0C378C5A496CA48EF" box="[596,687,955,979]" name="Ecuador" pageId="40">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C39BC5A4955848CE" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="40">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Canton Morona, Sinaí Parish, Sardinayacu Lake Complex) between 1647 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C0DDC5E596274F2D" box="[497,578,1018,1042]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.916" pageId="40" unit="m" value="1916.0">1916 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF9AFFE0C3ABC5E594D04F0D" author="Harvey MB & Almendariz A" pageId="40" refId="ref38931" refString="Harvey MB, Almendariz A, Brito-M J et al. A new species of Noblella (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the Amazonian Slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes with Comments on Noblella lochites (Lynch). Zootaxa 2013; 3635: 001 - 14." type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||||
Harvey
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C3F5C5E5976F4F2E" box="[729,778,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the Sangay-Llanganates Ecological Corridor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF9AFFE0C39DC20695A14F6C" author="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad & Fundacion Ecominga & Sumak Kawsay & Serie de Publicaciones Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad Publicacion Miscelanea" pageId="40" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref39496" refString="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Fundacion Ecominga, Sumak Kawsay; et al. Anfibios y Reptiles del Corredor Ecologico Llanganates-Sangay. Serie de Publicaciones Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad Publicacion Miscelanea 2023; 17: 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="2023">Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and the Cordillera del Cóndor mountain range (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF9AFFE0C018C247959D4F4C" author="Valencia JH & Ortega-Andrade HM & Laborde J" box="[308,504,1112,1136]" pageId="40" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref42230" refString="Valencia JH, Ortega-Andrade HM, Laborde J et al. Species richness, composition, distribution and conservation status of the amphibians and reptiles of the Cordillera del Condor, a region between Ecuador and Peru. Community Ecology 2023; 24: 61 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 42974 - 023 - 00132 - y" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Valencia
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C0A3C24795DA4F4C" box="[399,447,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="40">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species had been reported only in primary rainforest in swampy, densely vegetated areas along the edge of lakes. In this study, we report four more Ecuadorian populations. First,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C0F2C2A997634FF2" box="[478,774,1206,1230]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="40">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Canton Santiago de Méndez, San Francisco de Chinimbimi Parish, Kutuku mountain range and Contrafuerte de Tzunatza between 1355 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C064C30B95FE4E17" box="[328,411,1300,1324]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4069999999999998" pageId="40" unit="m" value="1407.0">1407 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C0C8C30B96214E10" box="[484,580,1300,1324]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="41.[115,180,1729,1753]" captionTargetBox="[149,1419,154,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-96@41.[146,1426,144,1701]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 26.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes personinus. A, QCAZ 59437. B, QCAZ 71453.C, QCAZ 31118. A, B, in life. C, in preservative." pageId="40">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
|
||||
; for the specimen list, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9AFFE0C1F9C32C95574E77" box="[213,306,1331,1355]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for newly generated DNA sequences used in the phylogenetic analyses." pageId="40">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Most of these individuals were collected at night between 20:00 and 00:30 h in primary
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C375C34C96A74E56" box="[601,706,1362,1386]" italics="true" pageId="40">terra firme</emphasis>
|
||||
forest. They were found on the ground, on moss, or under logs or dry or wet leaf litter, and on bromeliads
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C329C38E96274E94" box="[517,578,1425,1449]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||||
above the ground, often near creeks with small streams (1 or
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C369C3AF96154EF4" box="[581,624,1456,1480]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||||
wide) of clear water. Individuals QCAZ 71452 and QCAZ 71453 were found amplexed on leaf litter on the ground. Three individuals (QCAZ 71454–56) were collected in secondary forest near grasslands on the ground on leaf litter and near small streams. One individual (QCAZ 71455) was collected in the afternoon ~15:40 h and was found on wet leaf litter on a creek slope. Second,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C3FDC07294B84D98" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="40">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Pacto Sumaco, surroundings of Sumaco National Park,
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C1ACC0B494B44DFE" box="[128,209,1707,1731]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF9AFFE0C03AC0B4951D4DFF" box="[278,376,1707,1731]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="41.[115,180,1729,1753]" captionTargetBox="[149,1419,154,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-96@41.[146,1426,144,1701]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figure 26.Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes personinus. A, QCAZ 59437. B, QCAZ 71453.C, QCAZ 31118. A, B, in life. C, in preservative." pageId="40">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||||
; for the specimen list, see Supporting Information,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9AFFE0C03EC0D595164DDE" box="[274,371,1738,1762]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for newly generated DNA sequences used in the phylogenetic analyses." pageId="40">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Third,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C0CCC0D497604DDE" box="[480,773,1738,1762]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="40">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Canton Morona, Sinai Parish, between 1345 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C3A9C0F596B34C3D" box="[645,726,1770,1794]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.874" pageId="40" unit="m" value="1874.0">1874 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (for the specimen list, see Supporting Information,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9AFFE0C3B2C116969D4C1D" box="[670,760,1801,1825]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for newly generated DNA sequences used in the phylogenetic analyses." pageId="40">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Specimens were collected in leaf litter or perching on leaves
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C1ADC15894D64C63" box="[129,179,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="40" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
above the ground, at night between 19:00 and 23:40 h;
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FF9AFFE0C3CFC15794844C43" count="1" pageId="40" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
(QCAZ 58820) was collected at 14:30 h. The collection localities were in primary forest, and some were near the Jurumbuno River, Volcan River, and Cormoran Lagoon. Fourth,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C215C68F97954B94" box="[825,1008,144,168]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="40">Pastaza Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Canton Mera, Mera Parish, Llanganates National Park, Zarentza Community, between 1331 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C459C6B091A64BFB" box="[1397,1475,175,199]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.419" pageId="40" unit="m" value="1419.0">1419 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (for the specimen list, see Supporting Information,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF9AFFE0C4A5C6D097364A3A" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[129,184,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. GenBank accession numbers for newly generated DNA sequences used in the phylogenetic analyses." pageId="40">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Specimens were collected at night between 21:00 and 01:15 h, in leaf litter or perching on leaves
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF9AFFE0C5CBC712913F4A19" box="[1255,1370,269,293]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="40" unit="cm" value="57.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="15.0">15–100 cm</quantity>
|
||||
above the ground in primary dryland forest near streams and small creeks.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF9AFFE0C215C77991364965" pageId="40" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF9AFFE0C215C77991364965" blockId="40.[825,1476,358,601]" pageId="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C215C77997F24A42" box="[825,919,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="40">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
We report notable morphological differences between populations that could indicate the existence of one or two unnamed species within ‘
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF9AFFE0C55CC7BA908A4A80" authorityName="Harvey, Almendariz, Brito & Batallas" authorityYear="2013" box="[1136,1263,421,444]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF9AFFE0C55CC7BA908A4A80" box="[1136,1263,421,444]" italics="true" pageId="40">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’. One species would be in the Kutuku mountain range,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C585C7DB91A54AE0" box="[1193,1472,452,476]" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="40">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, and the other in the Sumaco National Park,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FF9AFFE0C5DFC7FB91EB4AC7" box="[1267,1422,483,507]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="40">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
. This hypothesis is supported by relatively high uncorrected p-genetic distances for 16S (≤3.6%; Supporting Information, Table S7) and 12S (≤2.0%; Supporting Information, Table S9).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
658
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829.xml
Normal file
658
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
|
|||
<document id="8120E1A059B25421A0AD44A51ED0918D" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="1AFAA6C7F4803E10C30B0E7576B8C134" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="3E095ACEA5030EA243AF5B9E7A1BFB88">
|
||||
<mods:title id="4EF296DC1636D254DF63010C7335F5CA">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="A0279AD0E237627D5AA991153574CD2F" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="026D4718B2C0B87D31F47DCC6A37425B">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="7FEE83BDB4175CC75CF3273EC09C4ABD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="F60DBAF9D77A5D6284CE4EEB21E73B90">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="B3BCC5F1552049CD529C664FF35BC889">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="9B182A62F93BCC60288C7257FD758E66" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="8668D0460AB09B8DAD77C9F4C7F0E7E7">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D9DD66DE055BA7A70FD2CA52190359FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3CAC8893F5219C10CA47B748CDB2FA1C">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="6D5E4D9EFA2704E7015B630C703DD006">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="0665657261DDACAA46F4E450C8E75A82" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="D160FF44CBD10F5DAD9D964024B10CD0">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="F89EC2490460131E9ADCDA0534CCD0CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="FFBDD66B9ACA904DB50195DB38CA5805">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="ED7A8698BB3395A29E3239CF9CD84C67">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="7A1955F5809ABED8EBAE26A454903F00" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="66EC7986C5D966CDED77AF96022A8A18">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="5CE4881F7825F83B67EC93E2691139CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="D140DAB790B222655601B94CC2327498">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="78AD87592666416C281325134780CBC2">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="C28019667BCCDC12B899AD02B3895171" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="AED229DB889FB3275D179E9A810D50DB">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="13A8C2C141B280F40F2EA6796E010AF8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="0E79090BCCFE314DA6A1967A2469E88A">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F0AC0087E3240D21829D453EF2E82866">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="6EEA5D9ADAAF0EB9CDC0A60E2E062F57" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="3C5B40F13CCE5600BD8564482A7B4516">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="842F696C4E6E7E6FCB2DC1CCC006B80B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E506E0D7ABE56A91E93A3419EB9517F0">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="AB136844F083F32E2622400876DD7586">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0710F11D66CBCA8F01C56063828A5BE9" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="E96E4032E934CE6DF8C857BA6FAF863B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="FA3F70666E93F57F6DF72A34EC382AB4" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="DFCD6AC338AEFFB627332049D556124D">
|
||||
<mods:title id="A6EB92063E87129C089A9F9E3A529A92">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="A960CFFC3761756795F95B5F09272D54">
|
||||
<mods:date id="BFFFEB3B9E9CB2AD07A759EFD5D6B044">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="E74D8C1023CF7FD86D5991B6BC61ECBC" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="BECE9FAB3DDCECBA6E9C6B6394C0F624">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="744DD8E302CD87E5B5F64BF68F5D23D7" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="BDBEE622F9C256A8F8E2655ED7E54962">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="7D9A9449573DB9D6DC27708B0B647686" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="8EBE7E9BF78F9AB6A944A02C2612AE60">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="FE3B1C0E763985B8E6DE0F8A0C41B38D">
|
||||
<mods:url id="AAA0F282F488AAE46B802D3CF94E3D3D">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="D9A078C17CB1160B6F182590EE86A788">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="D635B8487239D33774E81CEFB3607777" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="128810412B7E1DE0A4F31EAB1785D989" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="9A4C932CA3982BE4511600DAEE7B97BB" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829" lastPageId="22" pageId="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC1D4C04996164D4D" box="[248,627,1622,1649]" pageId="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC1D4C04996164D4D" blockId="19.[113,762,1622,1717]" box="[248,627,1622,1649]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC1D4C04996164D4D" bold="true" box="[248,627,1622,1649]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC1D4C04996474D4D" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[248,546,1622,1649]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC1D4C04996474D4D" bold="true" box="[248,546,1622,1649]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC30BC04896164D4D" box="[551,627,1623,1649]" pageId="19" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC15DC062954E4D89" pageId="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC15DC062954E4D89" blockId="19.[113,762,1622,1717]" pageId="19">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FFA1FFDBC1EAC062954E4D89" pageId="19">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FFA1FFDBC0ECC062954E4D89" pageId="19">2E34387F-A763-4337-87AF- BE7843D1DCEA</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC15DC0C997004A3A" pageId="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC15DC0C996FE4C96" blockId="19.[113,763,1750,1962]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA1FFDBC15DC0C996FE4C96" collectingDate="2016-12-14" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte & Josue Quintanchala" country="Ecuador" elevation="0" latitude="0.8224" location="El Goaltal Parish" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0923" municipality="Canton Espejo" pageId="19" specimenCode="QCAZ 66090" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Carchi Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC0C996704DD2" box="[113,533,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="19">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA1FFDBC15DC0C994AF4DD2" box="[113,202,1750,1774]" pageId="19" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC1CDC0C895484DD2" box="[225,301,1750,1774]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="19">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC013C0C9953C4DD2" box="[319,345,1750,1774]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-97@21.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66090. Finger IV of the hand shows some raised skin at the terminal end." pageId="19">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA1FFDBC0AFC0C996704DD2" box="[387,533,1750,1774]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="19" type="Museum">QCAZ 66090</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no. SC-PUCE 48711)
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA1FFDBC1E6C0EA95594C31" box="[202,316,1781,1805]" pageId="19" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC0A4C0EA95BA4C31" box="[392,479,1781,1805]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA1FFDBC0C3C0EA96F94C31" box="[495,668,1781,1805]" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="19">Carchi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFA1FFDBC381C0EA94D24C11" pageId="19">Canton Espejo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC1EDC10A950A4C11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829:8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC1EDC10A950A4C11" box="[193,367,1813,1837]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8224" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0923" municipality="Canton Espejo" name="El Goaltal Parish" pageId="19" stateProvince="Carchi Province">El Goaltal Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC055C10A96934C11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829:8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC055C10A96934C11" box="[377,758,1813,1837]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8224" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0923" municipality="Canton Espejo" name="Bosque Protector Cerro Golondrinas" pageId="19" stateProvince="Carchi Province">Bosque Protector Cerro Golondrinas</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC15EC12B955F4C70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA1FFDEC1D4C04990904829:8EA3604AFFA1FFDBC15EC12B955F4C70" box="[114,314,1844,1868]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.8224" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0923" municipality="Canton Espejo" name="trail to Santa Blanca" pageId="19" stateProvince="Carchi Province">trail to Santa Blanca</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA1FFDBC06BC12B95CB4C70" box="[327,430,1844,1868]" degrees="0.8224" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" precision="5" value="0.8224">0.8224°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA1FFDBC09BC12B96544C70" box="[439,561,1844,1868]" degrees="78.0923" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" precision="5" value="-78.0923">78.0923°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC36CC12B96F54C77" box="[576,656,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.554" pageId="19" unit="m" value="2554.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA1FFDBC36CC12B96114C70" box="[576,628,1844,1868]" pageId="19">2554</elevation>
|
||||
m
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
. Collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC1A3C14C954E4C57" box="[143,299,1875,1899]" pageId="19">Diego Almeida</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC01FC14B95894C57" box="[307,492,1875,1899]" pageId="19">Kunam Nusirquia</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC0D8C14C96E84C57" box="[500,653,1875,1899]" pageId="19">Darwin Núñez</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC3BBC14C94CE4CB7" pageId="19">Fernando Ayala</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC19AC16C95364CB7" box="[182,339,1907,1931]" pageId="19">David Mantilla</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC070C16C96684CB7" box="[348,525,1907,1931]" pageId="19">Santiago Recalde</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC334C16C96C34CB7" box="[536,678,1907,1931]" pageId="19">Carlos Castro</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC39CC16C94D54C96" pageId="19">Polibio Malte</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA1FFDBC1C8C18D95CE4C96" box="[228,427,1938,1962]" pageId="19">Josué Quintanchala</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA1FFDBC0FDC18D96F24C96" box="[465,663,1938,1962]" pageId="19" value="2016-12-14">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA1FFDBC0FDC18D96F24C96" box="[465,663,1938,1962]" pageId="19" value="2016-12-14">14 December 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC206C68E97004A3A" blockId="19.[810,1459,144,262]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA1FFDBC206C68E90D04BFB" collectingDate="2016-12-14" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Diego Almeida & Kunam Nusirquia & Darwin Nunez & Fernando Ayala & David Mantilla & Santiago Recalde & Carlos Castro & Polibio Malte & Josue Quintanchala" country="Ecuador" elevation="0" latitude="0.8224" location="El Goaltal Parish" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-78.0923" municipality="Canton Espejo" pageId="19" specimenCode="QCAZ 66086" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="87" stateProvince="Carchi Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C68E90524B9B" box="[810,1079,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="19">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA1FFDBC206C68E97EC4B94" box="[810,905,145,168]" pageId="19" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 4;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC2CFC68E90404B94" box="[995,1061,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="19">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Same locality and collectors as holotype,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA1FFDBC249C6B0979C4BFB" box="[869,1017,175,199]" pageId="19">QCAZ 66086</specimenCode>
|
||||
–87 adult females
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA1FFDBC5ECC6B091D54BFB" box="[1216,1456,175,199]" collectionCode="QCAZ" pageId="19" specimenCode="QCAZ 66088" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA1FFDBC5ECC6B091374BFB" box="[1216,1362,175,199]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="19" type="Museum">QCAZ 66088</specimenCode>
|
||||
juvenile
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA1FFDBC206C6D097044A3A" collectingDate="2016-12-12" collectingDateMax="2016-12-14" collectingDateMin="2016-12-12" collectionCode="QCAZ" pageId="19" specimenCode="QCAZ 66089" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA1FFDBC206C6D097D84BDB" box="[810,957,207,231]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="19" type="Museum">QCAZ 66089</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA1FFDBC2EAC6D090534BDB" box="[966,1078,207,231]" pageId="19" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
. Collected on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA1FFDBC5FFC6D097044A3A" pageId="19" value="2016-12-12" valueMax="2016-12-14" valueMin="2016-12-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA1FFDBC5FFC6D097044A3A" pageId="19" value="2016-12-12" valueMax="2016-12-14" valueMin="2016-12-12">12 and 14 December 2016</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC206C73897D74AA4" pageId="19" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC206C73891E54A03" blockId="19.[810,1408,295,319]" box="[810,1408,295,319]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C738900E4A03" box="[810,1131,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="19">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Golondrinas leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC206C77E97D74AA4" blockId="19.[810,1459,353,408]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C77E90FD4A44" box="[810,1176,353,377]" italics="true" pageId="19">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca de Golondrinas.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC206C7A6978C4E62" pageId="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC206C7A6978C4E62" blockId="19.[808,1461,441,1374]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C7A697EE4AED" box="[810,907,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="19">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC2B5C7A697844AED" box="[921,993,441,465]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="19">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC2C6C7A690614AED" box="[1002,1028,441,465]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-97@21.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66090. Finger IV of the hand shows some raised skin at the terminal end." pageId="19">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA1FFDBC523C7A690044AED" box="[1039,1121,441,465]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="19">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA1FFDBC5A1C7A690FF4AED" box="[1165,1178,441,465]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="19">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC5B7C7A590CB4AED" box="[1179,1198,442,465]" italics="true" pageId="19">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC285C7C690454ACD" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[937,1056,473,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC285C7C690454ACD" box="[937,1056,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) dorsal skin smooth to finely shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, ventral surfaces weakly areolate, flanks finely shagreen, discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus defined, supratympanic fold and postrictal tubercle absent; (3) snout truncate in dorsal view, round in profile; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits present, nuptial pads absent; (7) fingers not expanded distally, with fingertips acuminate lacking papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers bearing broad lateral fringes and ill-defined circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt or T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2- 3-2; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one rounded tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle elongate in ventral view and flat in lateral view, bigger than rounded outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes slightly expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and lacking papillae, supernumerary tubercles well defined, toes with narrow lateral fringes, toe basal webbing present, all toes bearing ill-defined circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in life, dorsum light brown, with darker tubercles and a darker hourglass-shaped blotch, circular dark brown sacral lateral patches, facial mask dark brown extending from the tip of snout to the midflank, ventral surfaces bearing irregular white flecks, distal half of shanks and heels bearing yellowish brown spots; and (15) SVL in adult males
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC241C33997B04E02" box="[877,981,1318,1342]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.153" pageId="19" unit="mm" value="11.53">11.53 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2C4C338979E4E02" box="[1000,1019,1319,1342]" italics="true" pageId="19">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2) and SVL in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC467C33991D64E02" box="[1355,1459,1318,1342]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.365" pageId="19" unit="mm" value="13.65">13.65 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC219C358972D4E62" box="[821,840,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="19">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 2) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA1FFDBC2A1C35997BD4E62" box="[909,984,1350,1374]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="19">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDCC206C39F962D4C2B" lastPageId="20" pageId="19" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDCC206C39F962D4C2B" blockId="19.[810,1463,1407,1964]" lastBlockId="20.[129,783,1447,1816]" lastPageId="20" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C39F90B74EAB" box="[810,1234,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="19">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC284C36090B74EAB" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[936,1234,1407,1431]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles the other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC206C38097924E8B" box="[810,1015,1439,1463]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C38097C14E8B" box="[810,932,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the western foothills of Ecuadorian Andes:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC2ACC3A097864EEA" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[896,995,1470,1494]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2ACC3A097864EEA" box="[896,995,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC2D8C3A0900C4EEA" box="[1012,1129,1470,1494]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2D8C3A0900C4EEA" box="[1012,1129,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC557C3A090B24EEA" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1147,1239,1470,1494]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC557C3A090B24EEA" box="[1147,1239,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC437C3A091EB4EEA" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1307,1422,1470,1494]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC437C3A091EB4EEA" box="[1307,1422,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having tympanic annulus, supernumerary palmar tubercles, fingers not expanded distally, and circumferential grooves on toes. It differs from all of them by having a dark brown belly with irregular white flecks, in life (belly bright orange in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC48EC02397144D4F" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC48EC02397144D4F" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, brown with brown marks in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC5E5C044915B4D4F" box="[1225,1342,1627,1651]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC5E5C044915B4D4F" box="[1225,1342,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, yellowish cream in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC2A2C06497804DAE" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[910,997,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2A2C06497804DAE" box="[910,997,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and yellowish cream with minute speckling in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC268C08597D54D8D" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[836,944,1689,1713]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC268C08597D54D8D" box="[836,944,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), truncate snout in dorsal view (snout rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC206C0A697EC4DED" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[810,905,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C0A697EC4DED" box="[810,905,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC2BAC0A690634DED" box="[918,1030,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2BAC0A690634DED" box="[918,1030,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC53FC0A6900F4DED" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1043,1130,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC53FC0A6900F4DED" box="[1043,1130,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC58BC0A691714DED" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1191,1300,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC58BC0A691714DED" box="[1191,1300,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and rounded tarsal tubercle (subconic tarsal tubercle in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC5C0C0C6912C4DCC" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1260,1353,1752,1776]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC5C0C0C6912C4DCC" box="[1260,1353,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC47AC0C691C84DCC" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1366,1453,1752,1776]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC47AC0C691C84DCC" box="[1366,1453,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC270C0E797AA4C33" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[860,975,1783,1807]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC270C0E797AA4C33" box="[860,975,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and conical tarsal tubercle in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC401C0E791C44C33" box="[1325,1441,1783,1807]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC401C0E791C44C33" box="[1325,1441,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC206C10890344C13" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[810,1105,1815,1839]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC206C10890344C13" box="[810,1105,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC421C10891094C13" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1293,1388,1815,1839]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC421C10891094C13" box="[1293,1388,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of supernumerary plantar tubercles (supernumerary plantar tubercles absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC54DC14990A24C51" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1121,1223,1877,1901]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC54DC14990A24C51" box="[1121,1223,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and circumferential grooves in fingers (fingers without circumferential grooves in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC48DC16A97144C90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC48DC16A97144C90" italics="true" pageId="19">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC2ABC18B90CE4C90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[903,1195,1940,1964]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC2ABC18B90CE4C90" box="[903,1195,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can also be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC196C3B7954F4E83" box="[186,298,1447,1471]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC196C3B7954F4E83" box="[186,298,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of vocal slits in males (males without vocal slits in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC070C3D895AF4EE3" box="[348,458,1479,1503]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC070C3D895AF4EE3" box="[348,458,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the presence of supernumerary plantar tubercles (supernumerary plantar tubercles absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC034C01995ED4D21" box="[280,392,1541,1565]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC034C01995ED4D21" box="[280,392,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC341C01996A04D21" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[621,709,1541,1565]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC341C01996A04D21" box="[621,709,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC3D6C01994B24D01" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC3D6C01994B24D01" italics="true" pageId="20">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having weakly areolate ventral surfaces (ventral surfaces smooth in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC078C05A95CB4D60" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[340,430,1604,1628]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC078C05A95CB4D60" box="[340,430,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC0CBC05A963D4D60" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[487,600,1604,1628]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC0CBC05A963D4D60" box="[487,600,1604,1628]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), acuminate toe tips (toe tips rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC0B5C07B95914D47" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[409,500,1635,1659]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC0B5C07B95914D47" box="[409,500,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), circumferential grooves in fingers (fingers lacking circumferential grooves in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC39DC09C976C4DA7" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[689,777,1667,1691]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC39DC09C976C4DA7" box="[689,777,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC183C0BC957B4D86" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[175,286,1698,1722]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC183C0BC957B4D86" box="[175,286,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and by the absence of a supratympanic fold and ulnar tubercles (both present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC32EC0DD963D4DE5" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[514,600,1729,1753]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC32EC0DD963D4DE5" box="[514,600,1729,1753]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC3A7C0DD969C4DE5" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[651,761,1729,1753]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC3A7C0DD969C4DE5" box="[651,761,1729,1753]" italics="true" pageId="20">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC083C0FE961C4DC5" box="[431,633,1761,1785]" pageId="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC083C0FE964C4DC5" box="[431,553,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="20">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA6FFDCC081C11F96674C24" box="[429,514,1792,1816]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="20">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA6FFDCC319C11F96274C24" box="[565,578,1792,1816]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="20">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA6FFDCC1ADC2E195B54E56" pageId="20" startId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" targetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA6FFDCC1ADC2E191164E29" blockId="20.[129,1465,1278,1386]" box="[129,1395,1278,1302]" pageId="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC1ADC2E194804E2A" bold="true" box="[129,229,1278,1302]" pageId="20">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live and preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA6FFDCC30DC2E197204E2A" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[545,837,1278,1302]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC30DC2E197204E2A" bold="true" box="[545,837,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="20">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC41FC2E191164E29" box="[1331,1395,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="20">QCAZ</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA6FFDCC1ADC30595B54E56" blockId="20.[129,1465,1278,1386]" pageId="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC1ADC30594D84E0E" box="[129,189,1306,1330]" italics="true" pageId="20">66090</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm. A, in life. B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA6FFDEC1ADC15F95D24DE9" lastPageId="22" pageId="20" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA6FFDCC1ADC15F90184EE3" blockId="20.[129,777,1855,1974]" lastBlockId="20.[824,1475,1447,1973]" pageId="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC1ADC15F964D4C6B" box="[129,552,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="20">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA6FFDCC010C12095EB4C6B" box="[316,398,1855,1879]" pageId="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA6FFDCC08FC15F95884C6B" box="[419,493,1855,1879]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="20">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA6FFDCC0D7C12096704C6B" box="[507,533,1855,1879]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="21.[113,178,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-97@21.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figure 11. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 66090. Finger IV of the hand shows some raised skin at the terminal end." pageId="20">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult male (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA6FFDCC3E8C15F94A74C4B" italics="true" pageId="20">QCAZ 66090</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 10.89; tibia length, 6.07; foot length, 5.91; head length, 3.36; head width, 3.64; eye diameter, 1.32; tympanum diameter, 0.48; interorbital distance, 1.93; upper eyelid width, 1.31; internarial distance, 1.38; eye–nostril distance, 0.76.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA6FFDCC279C3F9970F4DC4" blockId="20.[824,1475,1447,1973]" pageId="20">Body robust, head slightly wider than long, narrower than body; snout truncate in dorsal view, short and rounded in lateral profile, without rostral papilla; canthus rostralis straight in dorsal view; loreal region slightly concave; eyelids without tubercles; interorbital space flat, with no cranial crests; tympanic membrane and annulus distinct (more conspicuous in its anterior half), without supratympanic fold; postrictal tubercles absent; vomerine teeth absent, vocal slits present; and nuptial pads absent.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA6FFDDC279C11F95964C9D" blockId="20.[824,1475,1447,1973]" lastBlockId="21.[113,763,1804,1953]" lastPageId="21" pageId="20">Skin on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen; dorsolateral folds absent; ventral surfaces weakly areolate; skin in cloacal region areolate; discoidal fold present. Ulnar tubercles absent, palmar tubercles low, outer palmar tubercle circular, larger than elongate thenar tubercle; subarticular tubercles well defined, round in ventral and lateral view; well-defined rounded supernumerary tubercles; broad dermal fringes on fingers, fingers not expanded distally, discs narrow, bearing round and inconspicuous pads, with an ill-defined circumferential groove; fingertips acuminate, without papillae; relative lengths of fingers is I <II <IV <III; phalangeal formula of hand is 2-2-3-2.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA7FFDDC15DC25C97064F44" pageId="21" startId="21.[113,178,1091,1115]" targetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA7FFDDC15DC25C97064F44" blockId="21.[113,1418,1091,1144]" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC25C94B04F67" bold="true" box="[113,213,1091,1115]" pageId="21">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC364C25C97094F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[584,876,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC364C25C97094F67" bold="true" box="[584,876,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="21">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of right hand and right foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC27F94974F4B" box="[113,242,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="21">QCAZ 66090</emphasis>
|
||||
. Finger IV of the hand shows some raised skin at the terminal end.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA7FFDDC15DC2B994D34FCA" pageId="21" startId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA7FFDDC15DC2B994D34FCA" blockId="21.[113,1440,1190,1270]" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC2B994DA4F82" bold="true" box="[113,191,1190,1214]" pageId="21">Table 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males. of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC579C2B990A14F82" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1109,1220,1190,1214]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC579C2B990A14F82" box="[1109,1220,1190,1214]" italics="true" pageId="21">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC5DDC2B9913A4F82" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1265,1375,1190,1214]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="21" rank="genus" status="new species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC5DDC2B9913A4F82" box="[1265,1375,1190,1214]" italics="true" pageId="21">Urkuphryne</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA7FFDDC448C2B894D24FE6" pageId="21" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex. For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA7FFDDC15DC31391E44DF4" pageId="21">
|
||||
<table id="F97CC431FFA70037C15DC31391D64DF4" box="[113,1459,1292,1736]" gridcols="5" gridrows="13" pageId="21">
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC31391D64E18" box="[113,1459,1292,1316]" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC31395484E18" box="[113,301,1292,1316]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC31394DE4E18" bold="true" box="[113,187,1292,1316]" pageId="21">Species</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C31396364E18" box="[489,595,1292,1316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC0C5C313966E4E18" bold="true" box="[489,523,1292,1316]" pageId="21">Sex</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C31397ED4E18" box="[782,904,1292,1316]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC222C31397ED4E18" bold="true" box="[782,904,1292,1316]" pageId="21">SVL average</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C31390F94E18" box="[1092,1180,1292,1316]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC568C31390F94E18" bold="true" box="[1092,1180,1292,1316]" pageId="21">SVL Min</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C31391D64E18" box="[1368,1459,1292,1316]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="21">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC474C31391D64E18" bold="true" box="[1368,1459,1292,1316]" pageId="21">SVL Max</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC32491D64E68" box="[113,1459,1339,1364]" gridrow="1" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC32495484E68" box="[113,301,1339,1364]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC32395484E6F" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,301,1339,1363]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC32395484E6F" bold="true" box="[113,301,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C32496364E68" box="[489,595,1339,1364]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="21">Female (2)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C32497ED4E68" box="[782,904,1339,1364]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="21">13.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C32490F94E68" box="[1092,1180,1339,1364]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="21">13.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C32491D64E68" box="[1368,1459,1339,1364]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="21">13.8</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC34291D64E4A" box="[113,1459,1373,1398]" gridrow="2" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC34295484E4A" box="[113,301,1373,1398]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC34195484E49" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[113,301,1373,1397]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC34195484E49" bold="true" box="[113,301,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C34296364E4A" box="[489,595,1373,1398]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="21">Male (2)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C34297ED4E4A" box="[782,904,1373,1398]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="21">11.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C34290F94E4A" box="[1092,1180,1373,1398]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="21">10.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C34291D64E4A" box="[1368,1459,1373,1398]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="21">12.2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC36091D64EA4" box="[113,1459,1407,1432]" gridrow="3" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC36095484EA4" box="[113,301,1407,1432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC39F956E4EAB" box="[113,267,1407,1431]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC39F956E4EAB" bold="true" box="[113,267,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C36096364EA4" box="[489,595,1407,1432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="21">Female (2)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C36097ED4EA4" box="[782,904,1407,1432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="21">17.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C36090F94EA4" box="[1092,1180,1407,1432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="21">16.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C36091D64EA4" box="[1368,1459,1407,1432]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="21">18.1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC3BE91D64E85" box="[113,1459,1441,1465]" gridrow="4" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC3BE95484E85" box="[113,301,1441,1465]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC3BD956E4E85" box="[113,267,1441,1465]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC3BD956E4E85" bold="true" box="[113,267,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C3BE96364E85" box="[489,595,1441,1465]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="21">Males (2)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C3BE97ED4E85" box="[782,904,1441,1465]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="21">14.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C3BE90F94E85" box="[1092,1180,1441,1465]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="21">13.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C3BE91D64E85" box="[1368,1459,1441,1465]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="21">14.8</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC3DC91D64EE7" box="[113,1459,1475,1499]" gridrow="5" pageId="21" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC3DC95484EE7" box="[113,301,1475,1499]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC3DC94854EE7" box="[113,224,1475,1499]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC3DC94854EE7" bold="true" box="[113,224,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C3DC96364EE7" box="[489,595,1475,1499]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="21">Female (1)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C3DC97ED4EE7" box="[782,904,1475,1499]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="21">15.2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC3FA91D64EC1" box="[113,1459,1509,1533]" gridrow="6" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC3FA95484EC1" box="[113,301,1509,1533]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC3FA94854EC1" box="[113,224,1509,1533]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC3FA94854EC1" bold="true" box="[113,224,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C3FA96364EC1" box="[489,595,1509,1533]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="21">Male (6)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C3FA97ED4EC1" box="[782,904,1509,1533]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="21">12.2 (1.7)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C3FA90F94EC1" box="[1092,1180,1509,1533]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="21">10.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C3FA91D64EC1" box="[1368,1459,1509,1533]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="21">14.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC01891D64D23" box="[113,1459,1543,1567]" gridrow="7" pageId="21" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC01895484D23" box="[113,301,1543,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC01894B94D22" box="[113,220,1543,1566]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC01894B94D22" bold="true" box="[113,220,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C01896364D23" box="[489,595,1543,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="21">Female (1)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C01897ED4D23" box="[782,904,1543,1567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="21">14.5</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC03691D64D7D" box="[113,1459,1577,1601]" gridrow="8" pageId="21" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC03695484D7D" box="[113,301,1577,1601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC03694B94D7C" box="[113,220,1577,1600]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC03694B94D7C" bold="true" box="[113,220,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C03696364D7D" box="[489,595,1577,1601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="21">Male (1)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C03697ED4D7D" box="[782,904,1577,1601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="21">11.9</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC05591D64D5F" box="[113,1459,1610,1635]" gridrow="9" pageId="21" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC05595484D5F" box="[113,301,1610,1635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC05495654D5E" box="[113,256,1610,1634]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC05495654D5E" bold="true" box="[113,256,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C05596364D5F" box="[489,595,1610,1635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="21">Female (1)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C05597ED4D5F" box="[782,904,1610,1635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="21">15.7</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC07391D64DB8" box="[113,1459,1644,1668]" gridrow="10" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC07395484DB8" box="[113,301,1644,1668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC072949A4DB8" box="[113,255,1644,1668]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC072949A4DB8" bold="true" box="[113,255,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="21">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C07396364DB8" box="[489,595,1644,1668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="21">Female (2)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C07397ED4DB8" box="[782,904,1644,1668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="21">14.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C07390F94DB8" box="[1092,1180,1644,1668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="21">14.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C07391D64DB8" box="[1368,1459,1644,1668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="21">14.3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC09191D64D9A" box="[113,1459,1678,1702]" gridrow="11" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC09195484D9A" box="[113,301,1678,1702]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC09094BD4D9A" box="[113,216,1678,1702]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="21" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC09094BD4D9A" bold="true" box="[113,216,1678,1702]" italics="true" pageId="21">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C09196364D9A" box="[489,595,1678,1702]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="21">Female (5)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C09197ED4D9A" box="[782,904,1678,1702]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="21">19.7 (0.3)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C09190F94D9A" box="[1092,1180,1678,1702]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="21">19.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C09191D64D9A" box="[1368,1459,1678,1702]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="21">20.1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA70037C15DC0AF91D64DF4" box="[113,1459,1712,1736]" gridrow="12" pageId="21">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA70037C15DC0AF95484DF4" box="[113,301,1712,1736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA7FFDDC15DC0AF94BD4DF4" box="[113,216,1712,1736]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="21" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA7FFDDC15DC0AF94BD4DF4" bold="true" box="[113,216,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="21">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C0C5C0AF96364DF4" box="[489,595,1712,1736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="21">Male (3)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C222C0AF97ED4DF4" box="[782,904,1712,1736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="21">17.2 (1.8)</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C568C0AF90F94DF4" box="[1092,1180,1712,1736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="21">15.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA70037C474C0AF91D64DF4" box="[1368,1459,1712,1736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="21">18.7</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA7FFDEC269C113948E4AFE" blockId="21.[810,1459,1804,1953]" lastBlockId="22.[128,779,144,450]" lastPageId="22" pageId="21">Hindlimbs robust; knee and heel without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent, outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, prominent and round; inner metatarsal tubercle present, elongate in ventral view and flat in lateral profile; well-defined, prominent and round outer metatarsal tubercle; plantar surface with several rounded and conspicuous supernumerary tubercles; round subarticular tubercles ill defined, more conspicuous at the base of toes; toes slightly expanded distally, toes with narrow lateral fringes; basal webbing between toes; discs on toes ill defined, narrow, with acuminated tip, without papilla; ill-defined circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III reaches the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; Toe V almost reaches half of the second tubercle of toe IV).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC1ADC7FC96914F33" blockId="22.[128,779,483,1040]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC1ADC7FC976C4AC7" box="[129,777,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA4FFDEC1CEC7FC95514AC7" box="[226,308,483,507]" pageId="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life (based on digital photographs) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC398C7FB96924AC7" box="[692,759,483,507]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface light brown, with darker, scattered, and low tubercles and a darker hourglass-shaped blotch extending from the interorbital to the sacral region; circular dark brown sacral lateral patches well defined. Facial mask dark brown extending from the tip of snout to the midflank and delineated along its upper edge by a light brown line. Lips dark brown with irregular white flecks. Cloacal region dark brown surrounded by a paler stripe. Flanks light brown posteriorly and with the extension of the facial mask anteriorly. Upper arm dorsal surfaces yellowish brown, elbow and forearm light brown, becoming darker towards the hand. Dorsal surfaces of thighs and proximal half of shanks light brown; distal half of shanks and tarsus yellowish brown; dorsal surface of tarsus dark brown. Ventral surfaces of throat, chest, forearms, belly, and thighs dark brown (almost black) bearing irregular white flecks in greater quantity on the belly. Ventral surfaces of upper arms and distal half of shanks reddish brown. Distal half of shanks and heels bearing yellowish brown spots.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC1ADC22E963E4E78" blockId="22.[129,780,1073,1348]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC1ADC22E96554F75" box="[129,560,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA4FFDEC1C8C22E95534F75" box="[228,310,1073,1097]" pageId="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC0F6C22D967B4F75" box="[474,542,1073,1097]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface from the scapular region to the tip of snout dark brown, bearing cream blotches that become smaller and less abundant towards the snout. Dorsum cream from the scapular region to the vent. Dorsal surfaces of forearms, hands, thighs, and feet dark brown. Dorsal upper arms and shanks cream. Ventral surfaces dark brown; upper arms and shanks cream. Belly and ventral surfaces of thighs bearing cream irregular blotches. Cloacal region dark brown with a medial cream longitudinal stripe.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC1ADC37995D24DE9" blockId="22.[128,779,1381,1750]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC1ADC37995214E41" box="[129,324,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC1C2C37995574E41" box="[238,306,1381,1405]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In this section, traits refer to preserved individuals unless otherwise mentioned. Tympanic annulus can be differentiated beneath skin only anteriorly (e.g. QCAZ 66087) or be inconspicuous (i.e. QCAZ 66088–89); dorsal skin might be smooth (e.g. QCAZ 66087) or finely shagreen (e.g. QCAZ 66086); outer palmar tubercle can be elongate (e.g. QCAZ 66087). Snout is subacuminate in the only subadult male (QCAZ 66088). Dorsum might be completely dark brown (e.g. QCAZ 66087), dark brown bearing some cream blotches (e.g. QCAZ 66086), or cream with a dark brown snout (QCAZ 66088). Colour variation is shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC328C08096004D8B" box="[516,613,1695,1719]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="20.[129,194,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,151,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-312@20.[161,1441,144,1250]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 10. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 66090, adult male, SVL = 10.89 mm; C, paratype QCAZ 66087, adult female, SVL = 13.75 mm; and D, paratype QCAZ 66089, adult male, SVL = 12.17 mm.A, in life.B–D, in preservative. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults.The depigmentation visible in the specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Figure 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA4FFDEC04AC0A195D44DEA" box="[358,433,1726,1750]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="22">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA4FFDEC1ADC0E8917E4A79" pageId="22" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC1ADC0E8917E4A79" blockId="22.[129,778,1783,1964]" lastBlockId="22.[825,1476,144,325]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC1ADC0E895C14C13" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC396C0E796924C33" box="[698,759,1783,1807]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="22">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC1ADC10895C14C13" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[129,420,1815,1839]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from the surroundings of Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forest from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA4FFDEC373C129976F4C71" box="[607,778,1846,1870]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5115" metricValueMax="2.554" metricValueMin="2.469" pageId="22" unit="m" value="2511.5" valueMax="2554.0" valueMin="2469.0">2469 to 2554 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. All individuals were collected in Eastern Montane Forest (
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA4FFDEC1A4C16A95794CB0" box="[136,284,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="22" unit="m" value="2450.0" valueMax="3600.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300–3600 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.) at night, between 20:00 and 22:00 h. They were found on leaf litter near streams. Collections were made in secondary
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC285C68E90744B94" box="[937,1041,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="22">terra firme</emphasis>
|
||||
forest. Because of the lack of information on population size and geographical range, we suggest assigning
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC216C6D0979D4BDB" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[826,1016,207,231]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC216C6D0979D4BDB" box="[826,1016,207,231]" italics="true" pageId="22">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC282C6F191D54A3A" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" box="[942,1456,238,262]" pageId="22" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); nevertheless, its presence in secondary forest suggests adaptability to anthropically modified environments.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA4FFDEC215C77990904829" pageId="22" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C77990904829" blockId="22.[823,1476,358,789]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C77997CD4A42" box="[825,936,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="22">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is a toponym in apposition, and it refers to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA4FFDEC2F9C79990664AA2" box="[981,1027,390,414]" pageId="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality. The Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forestis 1500 haandislocatedwithintheChocóBiogeographical Region in the province of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA4FFDEC577C7DB90C44AE0" box="[1115,1185,452,476]" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="22">Carchi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA4FFDEC59CC7DB916D4AE0" box="[1200,1288,452,476]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. It is part of the Biological Corridor Chiles–Mataje. The Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forest is an important habitat for flora and fauna, with unique characteristics of richness and endemism. The forest is protected by the NGO Ecominga.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC589C45E91A14965" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1189,1476,577,601]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC589C45E91A14965" box="[1189,1476,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="22">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also a posthumous tribute to Jaime Levi, a naturalist who promoted the creation of the Cerro Golondrinas Protective Forest. This species name was chosen with the inhabitants of the communities of La Plata, Morán, and Golondrinas (
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA4FFDEC43DC4A091DE49EB" box="[1297,1467,703,727]" country="Ecuador" name="Carchi" pageId="22">Carchi Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
) in an outreach effort to empower local communities in favour of environmental education and conservation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
807
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05.xml
Normal file
807
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,807 @@
|
|||
<document id="B815A377C62AE7A1FBD886F91DCF1BC4" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes Heyer 1977" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="538617B12115E6D0E056FDC1FB8DBF5D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="8D1CF002F413D1B2769890F6AA99D2EA">
|
||||
<mods:title id="F980B56997249394BABA97E572CCD13C">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="CA561176461A2D1F1383B898D6644377" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="AC963358617A2D97A77C4D39C3032F08">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="AD8BB572B4A37D62BF6D29F240C07235">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="BB4F405452AFA00BFEB9BB249D5C357A">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="56D3302A9EB0760C0F55C03C08E25E50">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="F6E451E93F3371149C527B8738383E07" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="6CAD65D810351F9A1B360BC1E9758DC0">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="53A37544A1F8EEECF1A3C84D14FA26C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="37EE316B7657051CF9F5E54A2DA3CCD9">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A7A581F4F98F1E5E46E258F7118DCDF7">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="D481218826A16BCD4B58F811344E31FE" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="C4D8A75CE2B48BAD38FB032F1A91B212">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="53FDA4BE5E2CD58A7D1FEB34767CB67A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="6B608DF535525EE0C116E763134827AB">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="EF0BFE0D9DC14F28B82813B245FDF57D">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="D1498553A8FD546B52A0325EC831D5D4" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="A2A59AA787E44BBBA2A6D7E5B93FE23B">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="BC8A77E5C5DA7B42DCF1BCE701596A30">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="D626A1FBA5E00DB264712D89795A862E">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="6C689D862700D94EBD851268095CB5A9">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="E731D8FEB8B9DEE19A67DB3A674D1884" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="CF1C25C8534B5746EFC8A7923E23A2CB">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="B86531C07B20986D25E366834D6FFFA4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="C0DC5309B1A494ED07714A09804DB6C4">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="9FEEA03DF9513B9A0545D76C12188DE4">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="512EBF475DBB86B0C27E1216964D0E00" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="52E60D79E3E79C7DA294BA86207C8A58">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="4B98C3BBE237FDAD3FB45F58D8440577">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="AA8681D782AA5F9545280A89FCB4D6CE">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="80963C3A1D597B1F26BFA97DB9840190">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6032DFC02C48CB449377EA643807C3E8" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8BF71F55D513F0254EE02DFD04D003B3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="1D56C78468062E3151ED58E33A5CE45C" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="157BA440BF974AF7B135C3DAE04AFF7C">
|
||||
<mods:title id="7C147D821E6BDB87CBD946CB95E6705C">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="C8D4EF7E054FF27DB38A5E62EE18208C">
|
||||
<mods:date id="D5CCEB977DD1FE22936CB881DA008A15">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="81F27F4D8158914118C907F91EBE7208" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="FC7316CD77F9C39285D5DC381A43F467">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="6AA7D0DC4563D0D423FA5DE40A2698B6" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="3BC1A24FFD8BA01140673D959ECA0CA9">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="069BF73E2615E68ABAD6D616E46590BC" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="3F2E38A55C88AC5373D57FEB72AC18A9">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="6A9A1D2854D412A194EF5807632EA00C">
|
||||
<mods:url id="B9CEF42A66B75E3FC28A47E8C5AD39B8">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="1C342A6B4C0A72C8C46AF18928F9EE68">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="ECF31FD545011D8617083DD6561C95F0" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="56AA063C92DFC9112551B0A58ADF7413" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="6AADE9351CC075269F66515257EE888F" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FFA3FFDBC2C1C3D3956F4D05" lastPageId="19" pageId="17">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA3FFD9C2C1C3D390954EDA" box="[1005,1264,1484,1511]" pageId="17" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA3FFD9C2C1C3D390954EDA" blockId="17.[1005,1264,1484,1511]" box="[1005,1264,1484,1511]" pageId="17">
|
||||
<heading id="D08B81FDFFA3FFD9C2C1C3D390954EDA" bold="true" box="[1005,1264,1484,1511]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" reason="2">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA3FFD9C2C1C3D390954EDA" ID-CoL="6PPL" authority="Heyer, 1977" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1005,1264,1484,1511]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C2C1C3D390954EDA" bold="true" box="[1005,1264,1484,1511]" pageId="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C2C1C3D3900F4EDB" bold="true" box="[1005,1130,1484,1511]" italics="true" pageId="17">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA3FFD9C542C3D290954EDA" author="Heyer WR" box="[1134,1264,1484,1511]" pageId="17" pagination="141 - 62" refId="ref39319" refString="Heyer WR. Taxonomic notes on frogs from the Madeira and Purus rivers, Brazil. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 1977; 31: 141 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / 0031 - 1049.1977.31. p 141 - 162" type="journal article" year="1977">Heyer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA3FFD9C56BC3E390F34D2A" box="[1095,1174,1532,1558]" pageId="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA3FFD9C56BC3E390F34D2A" blockId="17.[1095,1174,1532,1558]" box="[1095,1174,1532,1558]" pageId="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C56BC3E390F34D2A" bold="true" box="[1095,1174,1532,1558]" pageId="17">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA3FFD9C57EC3E390EE4D2A" box="[1106,1163,1532,1558]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[129,193,1519,1543]" captionTargetBox="[164,1431,147,1488]" captionTargetId="figure-150@10.[161,1441,144,1491]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships of Phyllonastes + Urkuphrynegen. nov.(= Noblella northern clade). Maximum likelihood tree obtained for genes 16S, 12S, TYR and RAG1 from a matrix of 3846 bp for 170 terminals.Support values are on the corresponding branches:aLRT values before the slash and non-parametric bootstrap after the slash; triangles on the branches represent aLRT or bootstrap support values of 100%. For each specimen the voucher number is shown, or in its absence, the GenBank accession number.The outgroup is not shown.Black bars represent species recovered by contrasting morphological and genetic information. Red boxes represent species recovered by bPTP analysis. Abbreviations:Morpho. = Morphology; Consens.= Consensus.Photography of Bahius bilineatus by Mauro Teixeira Jr.Photography of Phyllonastes coloma by Luis A.Coloma.Photography of Phyllonastes mindo by Matthijs Hollanders.Photography of Phyllonastes myrmecoides by Mauricio Ortega. Photography of Phyllonastes naturetrekii by Juan Pablo Reyes.Photography of Phyllonastes worleyae by David Brito." pageId="17">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA3FFD9C206C02697CC4D53" pageId="17" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA3FFD9C206C02697CC4D53" blockId="17.[810,1459,1592,1647]" pageId="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C206C02697CD4D73" box="[810,936,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="17">Type species:</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA3FFD9C283C027915D4D6C" authority="Lynch, 1976" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="1976" box="[943,1336,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Euparkerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C283C02790CA4D6C" box="[943,1199,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="17">Euparkerella myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA3FFD9C59AC027915D4D6C" author="Lynch JD" box="[1206,1336,1592,1616]" pageId="17" pagination="48 - 53" refId="ref40160" refString="Lynch JD. Two new species of frogs of the genus Euparkerella (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Ecuador and Peru. Herpetologica 1976; 32: 48 - 53." type="journal article" year="1976">Lynch, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA3FFDBC206C08E94874829" lastPageId="19" pageId="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA3FFDBC206C08E954D4A9E" blockId="17.[810,1460,1681,1987]" lastBlockId="19.[113,764,144,419]" lastPageId="19" pageId="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C206C08E97EE4D95" box="[810,907,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="17">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA3FFD9C2B7C08E978B4D95" box="[923,1006,1681,1705]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="17">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA3FFD9C531C08E904F4D95" box="[1053,1066,1681,1705]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="17">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA3FFD9C507C08E90584D94" box="[1067,1085,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="17">):</emphasis>
|
||||
(1) Adult female average SVL <
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA3FFD9C4AAC08E97304DF4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="17" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, adult male <
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA3FFD9C2C3C0AF902A4DF4" box="[1007,1103,1712,1736]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="17" unit="mm" value="15.6">15.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA3FFD9C570C0AF90CF4DF5" box="[1116,1194,1712,1737]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="17">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
; (2) head narrower than body, wide body; (3) tympanic annulus present; (4) cranial crest absent; (5) finger I <finger II; (6) distal phalanges of fingers and toes narrowly T-shaped; (7) knees and heels without tubercles; (8) presence of inner tarsal tubercle; (9) toes bearing circumferential grooves; (10) toe V <toe III; (11) foot phalangeal formula 2-2-3-4-3; (12) dark facial mask extending at least to the middle of the flanks, triangular cloacal blotch present; (13) frontoparietals longer than wide, narrower at the anterior end; (14) premaxillary and maxillary teeth present; (15) nasal bones small, separate from maxilla; (16) zygomatic branch of squamosal much shorter than otic branch; (17) vomers reduced, broadly separated from each other, vomerine teeth absent; (18) occipital condyles widely separated from each other; (19) medial ridges present at least on presacral vertebrae III–IV; (20) urostyle crest very prominent; (21) expanded to broadly expanded sacral diapophyses; and (22) small prepollex and prehallux present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA0FFDAC141C47390344811" pageId="18" startId="18.[109,164,620,645]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA0FFDAC141C47390344811" blockId="18.[109,1936,620,813]" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C47394DE49B9" bold="true" box="[109,187,620,645]" pageId="18">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
General morphological characters of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC331C47396E949B9" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[541,652,620,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC331C47396E949B9" box="[541,652,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC394C473971149B9" box="[696,884,620,645]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="18" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC394C473974349B9" box="[696,806,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Urkuphryne</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Finger and toe characters of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC5ADC473909549B9" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1153,1264,620,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC5ADC473909549B9" box="[1153,1264,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC431C47391BC49B9" box="[1309,1497,620,645]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="18" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC431C47391EE49B9" box="[1309,1419,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="18">Urkuphryne</emphasis>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC291C4BB900D4981" author="Boulenger GA" box="[957,1128,676,701]" pageId="18" pagination="107 - 28" refId="ref36711" refString="Boulenger GA. An account of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Mr. W. F. H. Rosenberg in western Ecuador. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1898; 66: 107 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1898. tb 03134. x" type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger (1898)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC55EC4BB913F4981" author="Miranda-Ribeiro A" box="[1138,1370,676,701]" pageId="18" pagination="319 - 20" refId="ref40389" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro A. Algumas consideracoes sobre Holoaden luderwaldti e generos correlatos. Revista do Museu Paulista 1920; 12: 319 - 20." type="journal article" year="1920">Miranda-Ribeiro (1920)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC449C4BB91844981" author="Parker HW" box="[1381,1505,676,701]" pageId="18" pagination="201 - 3" refId="ref41177" refString="Parker HW. A new brachycephalid frog from Brazil. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1926; 18: 201 - 3." type="journal article" year="1926">Parker (1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC4C7C4BB927E4981" author="Parker HW" box="[1515,1563,676,701]" pageId="18" pagination="341 - 4" refId="ref41201" refString="Parker HW. The systematic status of some frogs in the Vienna Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1932; 10: 341 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933208673582" type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC703C4BB937D4981" author="Miranda-Ribeiro A" box="[1583,1816,676,701]" pageId="18" pagination="66 - 9" refId="ref40413" refString="Miranda-Ribeiro A. Alguns batrachios novos das colleccoes do Museo Nacional. O campo 1937; 8: 66 - 9." type="journal article" year="1937">Miranda-Ribeiro (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC60EC4BB94D749E5" author="Cochran DM" pageId="18" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref37350" refString="Cochran DM. Frogs of southeastern Brazil. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 1955; 206: 1 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.206.1" type="journal article" year="1955">Cochran (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC190C4DF955449E5" author="Lutz B" box="[188,305,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="373 - 99" refId="ref40052" refString="Lutz B. Anfibios novos e raros das Serras Costeiras do Brasil (New or rare frogs from the Coastal Ranges of Brazil). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 1958; 56: 373 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0074 - 02761958000200002" type="journal article" year="1958">Lutz (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC016C4DF95B649E5" author="Griffiths I" box="[314,467,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="457 - 87" refId="ref38668" refString="Griffiths I. The phylogeny of Smithillus limbatus and that status of the Brachycephalidae (Amphibia, Salientia). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1959; 132: 457 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1959. tb 05531. x" type="journal article" year="1959">Griffiths (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC0F2C4DF96F349E5" author="Bokermann WCA" box="[478,662,704,729]" pageId="18" refId="ref36597" refString="Bokermann WCA. Lista Anotada das Localidades Tipo de Anfibios Brasileiros. Sao Paulo: Servicio de Documentacao, Universidade Rural Sao Paulo, 1966." type="book" year="1966">Bokermann (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC38DC4DF974149E5" author="Heyer WR" box="[673,804,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref39264" refString="Heyer WR. Studies on the genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae) III. A redefinition of the genus Leptodactylus and a description of a new genus of leptodactylid frogs. Contributions in Science 1969; 155: 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 241143" type="journal article" year="1969">Heyer (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC203C4DF978D49E5" author="Bokermann WCA" box="[815,1000,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="11 - 8" refId="ref36623" refString="Bokermann WCA. Tres especies novas de Eleutherodactylus do sudeste da Bahia, Brasil (Anura, Leptodactylidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 1975; 34: 11 - 8." type="journal article" year="1975">Bokermann (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC2DEC4DF900849E5" author="Lynch JD" box="[1010,1133,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref40131" refString="Lynch JD. A review of the Andean leptodactylid frog genus Phrynopus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History 1975; 35: 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1975">Lynch (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC55BC4DF90C249E5" author="Lynch JD" box="[1143,1191,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="48 - 53" refId="ref40160" refString="Lynch JD. Two new species of frogs of the genus Euparkerella (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Ecuador and Peru. Herpetologica 1976; 32: 48 - 53." type="journal article" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC59DC4DF908449E5" author="Lynch JD" box="[1201,1249,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="423 - 31" refId="ref40191" refString="Lynch JD. New species of minute leptodactylid frogs from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru. Journal of Herpetology 1986; 20: 423 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1564505" type="journal article" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC5DAC4DF911C49E5" author="Heyer WR" box="[1270,1401,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="141 - 62" refId="ref39319" refString="Heyer WR. Taxonomic notes on frogs from the Madeira and Purus rivers, Brazil. Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia 1977; 31: 141 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / 0031 - 1049.1977.31. p 141 - 162" type="journal article" year="1977">Heyer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC4A8C4DF924649E5" author="De la Riva I" box="[1412,1571,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="111 - 4" refId="ref37469" refString="De la Riva I. A new species of Phrynopus from Bolivia (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Herpetologica 1992; 48: 111 - 4." type="journal article" year="1992">De la Riva (1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC702C4DF923B49E5" author="De la Riva I" box="[1582,1630,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="241 - 77" refId="ref37496" refString="De la Riva I. Bolivian frogs of the genus Phrynopus, with the description of twelve new species (Anura: Brachycephalidae). Herpetological Monographs 2007; 21: 241 - 77. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / 07 - 011.1" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC75EC4DF929B49E5" author="Kohler JA" box="[1650,1790,704,729]" pageId="18" pagination="47 - 53" refId="ref39718" refString="Kohler JA. new species of Phyllonastes Heyer from the Chapare region of Bolivia, with notes on Phyllonastes carrascoicola. Spixiana 2000; 23: 47 - 53." type="journal article" year="2000">Köhler (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC624C4DF954149C9" author="Aguayo-Vedia CR & Harvey MB" pageId="18" pagination="333 - 45" refId="ref36307" refString="Aguayo-Vedia CR, Harvey MB. Dos nuevas especies de Phrynopus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) de los bosques nublados de Bolivia. Revista de Biologia Tropical 2001; 49: 333 - 45." type="journal article" year="2001">Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC002C4C3963849C9" author="Caramaschi U & Pombal JP" box="[302,605,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="1261 - 3" refId="ref36827" refString="Caramaschi U, Pombal JP. Notes on the type-series of Holoaden bradei B. Lutz and Holoaden luederwaldti Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura, Brachycephalidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 2006; 23: 1261 - 3." type="journal article" year="2006">Caramaschi and Pombal (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC34BC4C396BB49C9" author="Lehr E" box="[615,734,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="331 - 47" refId="ref39748" refString="Lehr E. Taxonomic status of some species of Peruvian Phrynopus (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with the description of a new species from the Andes of southern Peru. Herpetologica 2006; 62: 331 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / 0018 - 0831 (2006) 62 [331: tsosso] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">Lehr (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC3C4C4C397D349C9" author="Heinicke MP & Duellman WE & Hedges SB" box="[744,950,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="10092 - 7" refId="ref39114" refString="Heinicke MP, Duellman WE, Hedges SB. Major Caribbean and Central American frog faunas originated by ancient oceanic dispersal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007; 104: 10092 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0611051104" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
Heinicke
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC26FC4C3970B49C9" box="[835,878,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2007)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC2EDC4C390FE49C9" author="De la Riva I & Chaparro JC & Padial JM" box="[961,1179,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="42 - 50" refId="ref37661" refString="De la Riva I, Chaparro JC, Padial JM. A new, long-standing misidentified species of Psychrophrynella Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke from Departamento Cusco, Peru (Anura: Strabomantidae). Zootaxa 2008 a; 1823: 42 - 50." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
De la Riva
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC50AC4C3902949C9" box="[1062,1100,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2008a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, b, 2018),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC5D3C4C391DA49C9" author="Hedges SB & Duellman WE & Heinicke MP" box="[1279,1471,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="1 - 182" refId="ref38978" refString="Hedges SB, Duellman WE, Heinicke MP. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa 2008; 1737: 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Hedges
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC467C4C3911249C9" box="[1355,1399,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC4E5C4C3935549C9" author="Guayasamin JM & Teran-Valdez A" box="[1481,1840,732,757]" pageId="18" pagination="47 - 59" refId="ref38722" refString="Guayasamin JM, Teran-Valdez A. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. Zootaxa 2009; 2161: 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC616C4C39571482D" author="Lehr E & Catenazzi A" pageId="18" pagination="148 - 56" refId="ref39862" refString="Lehr E, Catenazzi A. A new species of minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from southern Peru: the smallest frog of the Andes. Copeia 2009 a; 2009: 148 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / ch- 07 - 270" type="journal article" year="2009">Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, b, 2010),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC05BC4E79650482D" author="Harvey MB & Almendariz A" box="[375,565,760,785]" pageId="18" refId="ref38931" refString="Harvey MB, Almendariz A, Brito-M J et al. A new species of Noblella (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the Amazonian Slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes with Comments on Noblella lochites (Lynch). Zootaxa 2013; 3635: 001 - 14." type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||||
Harvey
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC0EEC4E79588482D" box="[450,493,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2013)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC313C4E79714482D" author="De la Riva I & Burrowes PA" box="[575,881,760,785]" pageId="18" pagination="459 - 70" refId="ref37543" refString="De la Riva I, Burrowes PA. A new species of Psychrophrynella (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the Cordillera Real, Department La Paz, Bolivia. Zootaxa 2014; 3887: 459 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3887.4.4" type="journal article" year="2014">De la Riva and Burrowes (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC257C4E79022482D" author="Catenazzi A & Uscapi V & von May R" box="[891,1095,760,785]" pageId="18" pagination="71 - 84" refId="ref37190" refString="Catenazzi A, Uscapi V, von May R. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia, Anura, Craugastoridae) from the humid montane forests of Cusco, Peru. ZooKeys 2015; 516: 71 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 516.9776" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Catenazzi
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC2F1C4E7906D482D" box="[989,1032,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC57CC4E790E5482D" author="Catenazzi A & Mamani L & Lehr E" box="[1104,1152,760,785]" pageId="18" refId="ref36916" refString="Catenazzi A, Mamani L, Lehr E et al. New genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru. Diversity 2020; 12: 184. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12050184" type="journal volume" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC5B9C4E791EB482D" author="Catenazzi A & Ttito A" box="[1173,1422,760,785]" pageId="18" refId="ref36961" refString="Catenazzi A, Ttito A. A new species of Psychrophrynella (Amphibia, Anura, Craugastoridae) from the humid montane forests of Cusco, eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. PeerJ 2016; 4: e 1807." type="journal volume" year="2016">Catenazzi and Ttito (2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC4B4C4E791AD482D" author="Catenazzi A & Ttito A" box="[1432,1480,760,785]" pageId="18" refId="ref37002" refString="Catenazzi A, Ttito A. Psychrophrynella glauca sp. n., a new species of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) from the montane forests of the Amazonian Andes of Puno, Peru. PeerJ 2018; 6: e 4444. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 4444" type="journal volume" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 2019),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC73AC4E792BB482D" author="Mamani L & Catenazzi A & Ttito A" box="[1558,1758,760,785]" pageId="18" pagination="129 - 41" refId="ref40299" refString="Mamani L, Catenazzi A, Ttito A et al. A new species of Bryophryne (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, southeastern Peruvian Andes. Phyllomedusa 2017; 16: 129 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2316 - 9079. v 16 i 2 p 129 - 141" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||||
Mamani
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC746C4E792F3482D" box="[1642,1686,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2017)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC7C4C4E794CC4811" author="Reyes-Puig JP & Reyes-Puig C & Ron SR" pageId="18" refId="ref41732" refString="Reyes-Puig JP, Reyes-Puig C, Ron SR et al. A new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Amphibia: Craugastoridae) from the Llanganates-Sangay Ecological Corridor, Tungurahua, Ecuador. PeerJ 2019; 7: e 7405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7405" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC674C4E793E6482D" box="[1880,1923,760,785]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC19DC50B94824811" author="Reyes-Puig C & Maynard RJ & Trageser SJ" box="[177,231,788,813]" pageId="18" pagination="162 - 71" refId="ref41678" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Maynard RJ, Trageser SJ et al. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the Rio Manduriacu Reserve on the Pacific slopes from Ecuadorian Andes. Neotropical Biodiversity 2020; 6: 162 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2020.1809287" type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Santa Cruz
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC049C50B95F54811" box="[357,400,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2019),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC0CFC50B96C44811" author="Dubois A & Ohler A & Pyron RA" box="[483,673,788,813]" pageId="18" pagination="1 - 738" refId="ref37874" refString="Dubois A, Ohler A, Pyron RA. New concepts and methods for phylogenetic taxonomy and nomenclature in zoology, exemplified by a new ranked cladonomy of recent amphibians (Lissamphibia). Megataxa 2021; 5: 1 - 738. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / megataxa. 5.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Dubois
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC302C50B963C4811" box="[558,601,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2021)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC380C50B973B4811" author="Motta AP & Taucce GPP & Haddad BCF" box="[684,862,788,813]" pageId="18" pagination="663 - 79" refId="ref40525" refString="Motta AP, Taucce GPP, Haddad BCF et al. A new terraranan genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with comments on the systematics of Brachycephaloidea (Amphibia: Anura). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 2021; 59: 663 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12452" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Motta
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC3C6C50B97734811" box="[746,790,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2021)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA0FFDAC244C50B902E4811" author="Reyes-Puig C & Guayasamin JM & Koch C" box="[872,1099,788,813]" pageId="18" pagination="63 - 87" refId="ref41622" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Guayasamin JM, Koch C et al. A new species of the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from Ecuador, with new information for Noblella worleyae. Acta Herpetologica 2021; 16: 63 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.36253 / a _ h- 10742" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC2F4C50B90664811" box="[984,1027,788,813]" italics="true" pageId="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2021)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA0FFDAC141C55D929E4E80" pageId="18">
|
||||
<table id="F97CC431FFA00037C141C55D93F44EE6" box="[109,1937,834,1498]" gridcols="14" gridrows="16" pageId="18">
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C55D93F44844" box="[109,1937,834,888]" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C55D95774844" box="[109,274,834,888]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C55D94D24867" bold="true" box="[109,183,834,859]" pageId="18">Species</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C55D95AE4844" box="[292,459,834,888]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC008C55D95E04867" bold="true" box="[292,389,834,859]" pageId="18">Finger tip</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C55D96244844" box="[476,577,834,888]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC0F0C55D96244844" bold="true" box="[476,577,834,888]" pageId="18">Finger expansion</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C55D96FD4844" box="[596,664,834,888]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC378C55D96FD4844" bold="true" box="[596,664,834,888]" pageId="18">Finger groove</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C55D97604844" box="[682,773,834,888]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC386C55D97604844" bold="true" box="[682,773,834,888]" pageId="18">Papilla finger tip</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C55D973D4844" box="[792,856,834,888]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC234C55D972B4844" bold="true" box="[792,856,834,888]" pageId="18">Finger I <II</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C55D90754844" box="[875,1040,834,888]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC247C55D90754844" bold="true" box="[875,1040,834,888]" pageId="18">Supernumerary palmar tubercles</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC55D90AD4844" box="[1057,1224,834,888]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC50DC55D90154844" bold="true" pageId="18">Hand phalangeal formula</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C55D913A4844" box="[1241,1375,834,888]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC5F5C55D917A4867" bold="true" box="[1241,1311,834,859]" pageId="18">Toe tip</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC55D91B04844" box="[1392,1493,834,888]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC45CC55D91B04844" bold="true" box="[1392,1493,834,888]" pageId="18">Toe expansion</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC55D924E4844" box="[1511,1579,834,888]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC4CBC55D924E4844" bold="true" box="[1511,1579,834,888]" pageId="18">Toes groove</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C55D92E44844" box="[1597,1665,834,888]" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC711C55D92184844" bold="true" box="[1597,1665,834,888]" pageId="18">Papilla toe tip</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC55D92BC4844" box="[1683,1753,834,888]" gridcol="12" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC7BFC55D92BC4844" bold="true" box="[1683,1753,834,888]" pageId="18">Toe V <III</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C55D93F44844" box="[1771,1937,834,888]" gridcol="13" gridrow="0" pageId="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC7C7C55D93F44844" bold="true" box="[1771,1937,834,888]" pageId="18">Supernumerary plantar tubercles</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C59093F44894" box="[109,1937,911,936]" gridrow="1" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C59095774894" box="[109,274,911,936]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C59095624894" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,263,911,936]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C59095624894" bold="true" box="[109,263,911,936]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C59095AE4894" box="[292,459,911,936]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C59096244894" box="[476,577,911,936]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C59096FD4894" box="[596,664,911,936]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C59097604894" box="[682,773,911,936]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C590973D4894" box="[792,856,911,936]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C59090754894" box="[875,1040,911,936]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC59090AD4894" box="[1057,1224,911,936]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="18">2-2-3-2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C590913A4894" box="[1241,1375,911,936]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC59091B04894" box="[1392,1493,911,936]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="18">Exp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC590924E4894" box="[1511,1579,911,936]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C59092E44894" box="[1597,1665,911,936]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC59092BC4894" box="[1683,1753,911,936]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C59093F44894" box="[1771,1937,911,936]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C5AE93F448DB" box="[109,1937,945,999]" gridrow="2" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C5AE957748DB" box="[109,274,945,999]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C5AE957748DB" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C5AE957748DB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="18">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C5AE95AE48DB" box="[292,459,945,999]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C5AE962448DB" box="[476,577,945,999]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C5AE96FD48DB" box="[596,664,945,999]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C5AE976048DB" box="[682,773,945,999]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C5AE973D48DB" box="[792,856,945,999]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C5AE907548DB" box="[875,1040,945,999]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC5AE90AD48DB" box="[1057,1224,945,999]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="18">2-2-3-2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C5AE913A48DB" box="[1241,1375,945,999]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC5AE91B048DB" box="[1392,1493,945,999]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC5AE924E48DB" box="[1511,1579,945,999]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C5AE92E448DB" box="[1597,1665,945,999]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC5AE92BC48DB" box="[1683,1753,945,999]" gridcol="12" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C5AE93F448DB" box="[1771,1937,945,999]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C5EF93F44F35" box="[109,1937,1008,1033]" gridrow="3" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C5EF95774F35" box="[109,274,1008,1033]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C5EF94A44F35" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,193,1008,1033]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C5EF94A44F35" box="[109,193,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C5EF95AE4F35" box="[292,459,1008,1033]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C5EF96244F35" box="[476,577,1008,1033]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C5EF96FD4F35" box="[596,664,1008,1033]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C5EF97604F35" box="[682,773,1008,1033]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C5EF973D4F35" box="[792,856,1008,1033]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C5EF90754F35" box="[875,1040,1008,1033]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC5EF90AD4F35" box="[1057,1224,1008,1033]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C5EF913A4F35" box="[1241,1375,1008,1033]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC5EF91B04F35" box="[1392,1493,1008,1033]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC5EF924E4F35" box="[1511,1579,1008,1033]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C5EF92E44F35" box="[1597,1665,1008,1033]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC5EF92BC4F35" box="[1683,1753,1008,1033]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C5EF93F44F35" box="[1771,1937,1008,1033]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C20D93F44F17" box="[109,1937,1042,1067]" gridrow="4" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C20D95774F17" box="[109,274,1042,1067]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C20D94B94F17" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,220,1042,1067]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C20D94B94F17" bold="true" box="[109,220,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C20D95AE4F17" box="[292,459,1042,1067]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C20D96244F17" box="[476,577,1042,1067]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C20D96FD4F17" box="[596,664,1042,1067]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C20D97604F17" box="[682,773,1042,1067]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C20D973D4F17" box="[792,856,1042,1067]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C20D90754F17" box="[875,1040,1042,1067]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC20D90AD4F17" box="[1057,1224,1042,1067]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C20D913A4F17" box="[1241,1375,1042,1067]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC20D91B04F17" box="[1392,1493,1042,1067]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="18">Exp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC20D924E4F17" box="[1511,1579,1042,1067]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C20D92E44F17" box="[1597,1665,1042,1067]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC20D92BC4F17" box="[1683,1753,1042,1067]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C20D93F44F17" box="[1771,1937,1042,1067]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C22C93F44F70" box="[109,1937,1075,1100]" gridrow="5" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C22C95774F70" box="[109,274,1075,1100]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C22C94D24F70" authority="Round" authorityName="Round" box="[109,183,1075,1100]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C22C94D24F70" box="[109,183,1075,1100]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C22C95AE4F70" box="[292,459,1075,1100]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="18">Round</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C22C96244F70" box="[476,577,1075,1100]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C22C96FD4F70" box="[596,664,1075,1100]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C22C97604F70" box="[682,773,1075,1100]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C22C973D4F70" box="[792,856,1075,1100]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C22C90754F70" box="[875,1040,1075,1100]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC22C90AD4F70" box="[1057,1224,1075,1100]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C22C913A4F70" box="[1241,1375,1075,1100]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="18">Subacuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC22C91B04F70" box="[1392,1493,1075,1100]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC22C924E4F70" box="[1511,1579,1075,1100]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C22C92E44F70" box="[1597,1665,1075,1100]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC22C92BC4F70" box="[1683,1753,1075,1100]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C22C93F44F70" box="[1771,1937,1075,1100]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C24A93F44F53" box="[109,1937,1109,1135]" gridrow="6" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C24A95774F53" box="[109,274,1109,1135]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C24994994F53" authority="Subacuminate" authorityName="Subacuminate" box="[109,252,1110,1135]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C24994994F53" bold="true" box="[109,252,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C24A95AE4F53" box="[292,459,1109,1135]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="18">Subacuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C24A96244F53" box="[476,577,1109,1135]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C24A96FD4F53" box="[596,664,1109,1135]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C24A97604F53" box="[682,773,1109,1135]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C24A973D4F53" box="[792,856,1109,1135]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C24A90754F53" box="[875,1040,1109,1135]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC24A90AD4F53" box="[1057,1224,1109,1135]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C24A913A4F53" box="[1241,1375,1109,1135]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC24A91B04F53" box="[1392,1493,1109,1135]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC24A924E4F53" box="[1511,1579,1109,1135]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C24A92E44F53" box="[1597,1665,1109,1135]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC24A92BC4F53" box="[1683,1753,1109,1135]" gridcol="12" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C24A93F44F53" box="[1771,1937,1109,1135]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C26893F44FAC" box="[109,1937,1143,1168]" gridrow="7" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C26895774FAC" box="[109,274,1143,1168]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C26894A64FAC" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,195,1143,1168]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C26894A64FAC" box="[109,195,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C26895AE4FAC" box="[292,459,1143,1168]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C26896244FAC" box="[476,577,1143,1168]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C26896FD4FAC" box="[596,664,1143,1168]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C26897604FAC" box="[682,773,1143,1168]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C268973D4FAC" box="[792,856,1143,1168]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C26890754FAC" box="[875,1040,1143,1168]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC26890AD4FAC" box="[1057,1224,1143,1168]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="18">2-2-3-2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C268913A4FAC" box="[1241,1375,1143,1168]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC26891B04FAC" box="[1392,1493,1143,1168]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC268924E4FAC" box="[1511,1579,1143,1168]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C26892E44FAC" box="[1597,1665,1143,1168]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC26892BC4FAC" box="[1683,1753,1143,1168]" gridcol="12" gridrow="7" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C26893F44FAC" box="[1771,1937,1143,1168]" gridcol="13" gridrow="7" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C28693F44F8E" box="[109,1937,1177,1202]" gridrow="8" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C28695774F8E" box="[109,274,1177,1202]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C28694BD4F8E" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,216,1177,1202]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C28694BD4F8E" bold="true" box="[109,216,1177,1202]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C28695AE4F8E" box="[292,459,1177,1202]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C28696244F8E" box="[476,577,1177,1202]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C28696FD4F8E" box="[596,664,1177,1202]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C28697604F8E" box="[682,773,1177,1202]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C286973D4F8E" box="[792,856,1177,1202]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C28690754F8E" box="[875,1040,1177,1202]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC28690AD4F8E" box="[1057,1224,1177,1202]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C286913A4F8E" box="[1241,1375,1177,1202]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC28691B04F8E" box="[1392,1493,1177,1202]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="18">Exp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC286924E4F8E" box="[1511,1579,1177,1202]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C28692E44F8E" box="[1597,1665,1177,1202]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC28692BC4F8E" box="[1683,1753,1177,1202]" gridcol="12" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C28693F44F8E" box="[1771,1937,1177,1202]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C2A493F44FE8" box="[109,1937,1211,1236]" gridrow="9" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C2A495774FE8" box="[109,274,1211,1236]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C2A494DE4FE8" authority="Round" authorityName="Round" box="[109,187,1211,1236]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C2A494DE4FE8" box="[109,187,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C2A495AE4FE8" box="[292,459,1211,1236]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="18">Round</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C2A496244FE8" box="[476,577,1211,1236]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C2A496FD4FE8" box="[596,664,1211,1236]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C2A497604FE8" box="[682,773,1211,1236]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C2A4973D4FE8" box="[792,856,1211,1236]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C2A490754FE8" box="[875,1040,1211,1236]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC2A490AD4FE8" box="[1057,1224,1211,1236]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C2A4913A4FE8" box="[1241,1375,1211,1236]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="18">Round</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC2A491B04FE8" box="[1392,1493,1211,1236]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC2A4924E4FE8" box="[1511,1579,1211,1236]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C2A492E44FE8" box="[1597,1665,1211,1236]" gridcol="11" gridrow="9" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC2A492BC4FE8" box="[1683,1753,1211,1236]" gridcol="12" gridrow="9" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C2A493F44FE8" box="[1771,1937,1211,1236]" gridcol="13" gridrow="9" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C2C293F44FCA" box="[109,1937,1245,1270]" gridrow="10" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C2C295774FCA" box="[109,274,1245,1270]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C2C294904FCA" authority="Acuminate" box="[109,245,1245,1270]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Euparkerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C2C294904FCA" box="[109,245,1245,1270]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C2C295AE4FCA" box="[292,459,1245,1270]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C2C296244FCA" box="[476,577,1245,1270]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="18">Exp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C2C296FD4FCA" box="[596,664,1245,1270]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C2C297604FCA" box="[682,773,1245,1270]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C2C2973D4FCA" box="[792,856,1245,1270]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C2C290754FCA" box="[875,1040,1245,1270]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC2C290AD4FCA" box="[1057,1224,1245,1270]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="18">2-2-3-2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C2C2913A4FCA" box="[1241,1375,1245,1270]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC2C291B04FCA" box="[1392,1493,1245,1270]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="18">Exp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC2C2924E4FCA" box="[1511,1579,1245,1270]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C2C292E44FCA" box="[1597,1665,1245,1270]" gridcol="11" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC2C292BC4FCA" box="[1683,1753,1245,1270]" gridcol="12" gridrow="10" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C2C293F44FCA" box="[1771,1937,1245,1270]" gridcol="13" gridrow="10" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C2E093F44E24" box="[109,1937,1279,1304]" gridrow="11" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C2E095774E24" box="[109,274,1279,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C2E0948F4E24" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,234,1279,1304]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naturetrekii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C2E0948F4E24" box="[109,234,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.naturetrekii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C2E095AE4E24" box="[292,459,1279,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C2E096244E24" box="[476,577,1279,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C2E096FD4E24" box="[596,664,1279,1304]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C2E097604E24" box="[682,773,1279,1304]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C2E0973D4E24" box="[792,856,1279,1304]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C2E090754E24" box="[875,1040,1279,1304]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC2E090AD4E24" box="[1057,1224,1279,1304]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="18">2-2-3-2</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C2E0913A4E24" box="[1241,1375,1279,1304]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC2E091B04E24" box="[1392,1493,1279,1304]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC2E0924E4E24" box="[1511,1579,1279,1304]" gridcol="10" gridrow="11" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C2E092E44E24" box="[1597,1665,1279,1304]" gridcol="11" gridrow="11" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC2E092BC4E24" box="[1683,1753,1279,1304]" gridcol="12" gridrow="11" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C2E093F44E24" box="[1771,1937,1279,1304]" gridcol="13" gridrow="11" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C33F93F44E05" box="[109,1937,1312,1337]" gridrow="12" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C33F95774E05" box="[109,274,1312,1337]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C33F94854E05" authority="Acuminate" authorityName="Acuminate" box="[109,224,1312,1337]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C33F94854E05" box="[109,224,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C33F95AE4E05" box="[292,459,1312,1337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C33F96244E05" box="[476,577,1312,1337]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C33F96FD4E05" box="[596,664,1312,1337]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="18">I</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C33F97604E05" box="[682,773,1312,1337]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C33F973D4E05" box="[792,856,1312,1337]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C33F90754E05" box="[875,1040,1312,1337]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC33F90AD4E05" box="[1057,1224,1312,1337]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C33F913A4E05" box="[1241,1375,1312,1337]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC33F91B04E05" box="[1392,1493,1312,1337]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC33F924E4E05" box="[1511,1579,1312,1337]" gridcol="10" gridrow="12" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C33F92E44E05" box="[1597,1665,1312,1337]" gridcol="11" gridrow="12" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC33F92BC4E05" box="[1683,1753,1312,1337]" gridcol="12" gridrow="12" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C33F93F44E05" box="[1771,1937,1312,1337]" gridcol="13" gridrow="12" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C35D93F44E67" box="[109,1937,1346,1371]" gridrow="13" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C35D95774E67" box="[109,274,1346,1371]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C35D949E4E67" authority="Subacuminate" authorityName="Subacuminate" box="[109,251,1346,1371]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C35D949E4E67" bold="true" box="[109,251,1346,1371]" italics="true" pageId="18">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C35D95AE4E67" box="[292,459,1346,1371]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="18">Subacuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C35D96244E67" box="[476,577,1346,1371]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C35D96FD4E67" box="[596,664,1346,1371]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C35D97604E67" box="[682,773,1346,1371]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C35D973D4E67" box="[792,856,1346,1371]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C35D90754E67" box="[875,1040,1346,1371]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC35D90AD4E67" box="[1057,1224,1346,1371]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C35D913A4E67" box="[1241,1375,1346,1371]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC35D91B04E67" box="[1392,1493,1346,1371]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC35D924E4E67" box="[1511,1579,1346,1371]" gridcol="10" gridrow="13" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C35D92E44E67" box="[1597,1665,1346,1371]" gridcol="11" gridrow="13" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC35D92BC4E67" box="[1683,1753,1346,1371]" gridcol="12" gridrow="13" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C35D93F44E67" box="[1771,1937,1346,1371]" gridcol="13" gridrow="13" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C37B93F44EA6" box="[109,1937,1380,1434]" gridrow="14" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C37B95774EA6" box="[109,274,1380,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C37B94AA4E41" authority="Subacuminate" authorityName="Subacuminate" box="[109,207,1380,1405]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C37B94AA4E41" box="[109,207,1380,1405]" italics="true" pageId="18">P.worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C37B95AE4EA6" box="[292,459,1380,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="18">Subacuminate/ acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C37B96244EA6" box="[476,577,1380,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C37B96FD4EA6" box="[596,664,1380,1434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C37B97604EA6" box="[682,773,1380,1434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C37B973D4EA6" box="[792,856,1380,1434]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C37B90754EA6" box="[875,1040,1380,1434]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC37B90AD4EA6" box="[1057,1224,1380,1434]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C37B913A4EA6" box="[1241,1375,1380,1434]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="18">Acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC37B91B04EA6" box="[1392,1493,1380,1434]" gridcol="9" gridrow="14" pageId="18">SExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC37B924E4EA6" box="[1511,1579,1380,1434]" gridcol="10" gridrow="14" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C37B92E44EA6" box="[1597,1665,1380,1434]" gridcol="11" gridrow="14" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC37B92BC4EA6" box="[1683,1753,1380,1434]" gridcol="12" gridrow="14" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C37B93F44EA6" box="[1771,1937,1380,1434]" gridcol="13" gridrow="14" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="354C34D3FFA00037C141C3BC93F44EE6" box="[109,1937,1443,1498]" gridrow="15" pageId="18">
|
||||
<th id="769D5DAFFFA00037C141C3BC95774EE6" box="[109,274,1443,1498]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA0FFDAC141C3BB94B64E81" authority="Round" authorityName="Round" box="[109,211,1444,1469]" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Urkuphryne" pageId="18" rank="species" species="merinoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA0FFDAC141C3BB94B64E81" bold="true" box="[109,211,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="18">U. merinoi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C008C3BC95AE4EE6" box="[292,459,1443,1498]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="18">Round to broadly rounded</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C0F0C3BC96244EE6" box="[476,577,1443,1498]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C378C3BC96FD4EE6" box="[596,664,1443,1498]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C386C3BC97604EE6" box="[682,773,1443,1498]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C234C3BC973D4EE6" box="[792,856,1443,1498]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C247C3BC90754EE6" box="[875,1040,1443,1498]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C50DC3BC90AD4EE6" box="[1057,1224,1443,1498]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="18">2-2-3-3</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C5F5C3BC913A4EE6" box="[1241,1375,1443,1498]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="18">Round</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C45CC3BC91B04EE6" box="[1392,1493,1443,1498]" gridcol="9" gridrow="15" pageId="18">NExp</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C4CBC3BC924E4EE6" box="[1511,1579,1443,1498]" gridcol="10" gridrow="15" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C711C3BC92E44EE6" box="[1597,1665,1443,1498]" gridcol="11" gridrow="15" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7BFC3BC92BC4EE6" box="[1683,1753,1443,1498]" gridcol="12" gridrow="15" pageId="18">P</td>
|
||||
<td id="769D5DAFFFA00037C7C7C3BC93F44EE6" box="[1771,1937,1443,1498]" gridcol="13" gridrow="15" pageId="18">A</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC15DC7DB94874829" blockId="19.[113,762,452,789]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC7DB96114AE0" box="[113,628,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="19">
|
||||
Content (15 species):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC07EC7DB96114AE0" box="[338,628,452,476]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">Phyllonastes cerrogolondrinas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3AFC7DB96034AC7" authority="(Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez, 2009)" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3AFC7DB94D34AC7" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC1FCC7FC96054AC7" author="Guayasamin JM & Teran-Valdez A" box="[208,608,483,507]" pageId="19" pagination="47 - 59" refId="ref38722" refString="Guayasamin JM, Teran-Valdez A. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the western slopes of the Andes of Ecuador. Zootaxa 2009; 2161: 47 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">Guayasamin & Terán-Valdez, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC355C7FC96924AC7" box="[633,759,483,507]" pageId="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC15DC41C951C4927" box="[113,377,515,539]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC41C951C4927" box="[113,377,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC0A3C41C96084927" box="[399,621,515,539]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC0A3C41C96084927" box="[399,621,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3AFC41C952B4906" authority="Lynch, 1986" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="1986" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3AFC41C94CE4906" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC1ECC43D952B4906" author="Lynch JD" box="[192,334,546,570]" pageId="19" pagination="423 - 31" refId="ref40191" refString="Lynch JD. New species of minute leptodactylid frogs from the Andes of Ecuador and Peru. Journal of Herpetology 1986; 20: 423 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1564505" type="journal article" year="1986">Lynch, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC044C43D96934906" authority="Duellman, 1991" authorityName="Duellman" authorityYear="1991" box="[360,758,546,570]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lynchi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC044C43D96494906" box="[360,556,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes lynchi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC36DC43D96934906" author="Duellman WE" box="[577,758,546,570]" pageId="19" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref37929" refString="Duellman WE. A new species of leptodactylid frog, genus Phyllonastes, from Peru. Herpetologica 1991; 47: 9 - 13." type="journal article" year="1991">Duellman, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC15DC45E95BC4965" authority="(Lynch, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[113,473,577,601]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC45E955D4965" box="[113,312,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC06BC45E95B44965" author="Lynch JD" box="[327,465,577,601]" pageId="19" pagination="48 - 53" refId="ref40160" refString="Lynch JD. Two new species of frogs of the genus Euparkerella (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Ecuador and Peru. Herpetologica 1976; 32: 48 - 53." type="journal article" year="1976">Lynch, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC0C9C45E95474945" authority="(Reyes-Puig et al., 2021)" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC0C9C45E96C74965" box="[485,674,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC39DC45E957C4945" author="Reyes-Puig C & Guayasamin JM & Koch C" pageId="19" pagination="63 - 87" refId="ref41622" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Guayasamin JM, Koch C et al. A new species of the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from Ecuador, with new information for Noblella worleyae. Acta Herpetologica 2021; 16: 63 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.36253 / a _ h- 10742" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC18BC47E94B24945" box="[167,215,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="19">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC004C47E95FF4944" box="[296,410,609,633]" pageId="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC08AC47E96134944" box="[422,630,609,633]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC08AC47E96134944" box="[422,630,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3AFC47E95FC49A4" authority="(Lynch, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3AFC47E948B49A4" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC02DC49F95F449A4" author="Lynch JD" box="[257,401,640,664]" pageId="19" pagination="48 - 53" refId="ref40160" refString="Lynch JD. Two new species of frogs of the genus Euparkerella (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Ecuador and Peru. Herpetologica 1976; 32: 48 - 53." type="journal article" year="1976">Lynch, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC086C49F954C498B" authority="(Reyes-Puig et al., 2019)" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Reyes-Puig et al." baseAuthorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naturetrekii" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC086C49F96FA49A4" box="[426,671,640,664]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes naturetrekii</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC39DC49F9547498B" author="Reyes-Puig JP & Reyes-Puig C & Ron SR" pageId="19" refId="ref41732" refString="Reyes-Puig JP, Reyes-Puig C, Ron SR et al. A new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Amphibia: Craugastoridae) from the Llanganates-Sangay Ecological Corridor, Tungurahua, Ecuador. PeerJ 2019; 7: e 7405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7405" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC185C4BF94B9498B" box="[169,220,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="19">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC01EC48095C2498B" box="[306,423,671,695]" pageId="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC098C480949449EB" authority="(Harvey et al., 2013)" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC098C48096FE498B" box="[436,667,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC387C480948E49EB" author="Harvey MB & Almendariz A" pageId="19" refId="ref38931" refString="Harvey MB, Almendariz A, Brito-M J et al. A new species of Noblella (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the Amazonian Slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes with Comments on Noblella lochites (Lynch). Zootaxa 2013; 3635: 001 - 14." type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||||
Harvey
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC4A094C049EB" box="[113,165,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="19">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2013
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC1D7C4A0951549EA" box="[251,368,703,727]" pageId="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC051C4A0961649EB" box="[381,627,703,727]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plateadensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC051C4A0961649EB" box="[381,627,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes plateadensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3AFC4A0948049CA" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3AFC4A0948049CA" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC00EC4C1969F49CA" authority="(Reyes-Puig et al., 2020)" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[290,762,734,758]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC00EC4C1959149CA" box="[290,500,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC32DC4C1969649CA" author="Reyes-Puig C & Maynard RJ & Trageser SJ" box="[513,755,734,758]" pageId="19" pagination="162 - 71" refId="ref41678" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Maynard RJ, Trageser SJ et al. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the Rio Manduriacu Reserve on the Pacific slopes from Ecuadorian Andes. Neotropical Biodiversity 2020; 6: 162 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2020.1809287" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3ADC4C096D549CA" box="[641,688,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="19">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA1FFDBC15FC4E294874829" box="[115,226,765,789]" pageId="19" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC15DC52896DE4F37" pageId="19" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC15DC52896DE4F37" blockId="19.[112,764,823,1035]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC528948B4873" box="[113,238,823,847]" italics="true" pageId="19">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||||
Pacific foothills and western slopes of the Andes of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC15EC54994AD4852" box="[114,200,854,878]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, in Western Foothill Forest and Western Montane Forest between 1100 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC018C56A95E648B1" box="[308,387,885,909]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.554" pageId="19" unit="m" value="2554.0">2554 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.; on the western Amazon Basin, eastern Andean slopes of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC053C58A95B04891" box="[383,469,917,941]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, in Eastern Montane Forest, Eastern Foothill Forest ≤
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC045C5AB95DF48F0" box="[361,442,948,972]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="19" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</quantity>
|
||||
.a.s.l. in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC32FC5AB963D48F0" box="[515,600,948,972]" name="Ecuador" pageId="19">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Amazonian Tropical Rainforest from southeastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC0DEC5CC963D48D7" box="[498,600,979,1003]" name="Colombia" pageId="19">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to northern and central
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC196C5EC948E4F36" box="[186,235,1011,1034]" name="Peru" pageId="19">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and northwestern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA1FFDBC080C5EC958D4F37" box="[428,488,1011,1035]" name="Brazil" pageId="19">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, ≥
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC0D3C5EC96564F36" box="[511,563,1011,1035]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="19" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC35FC5EC96CE4F37" box="[627,683,1011,1035]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA1FFDBC15DC233956F4D05" pageId="19" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA1FFDBC15DC233956F4D05" blockId="19.[113,766,1068,1593]" pageId="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15DC23394AA4F78" box="[113,207,1068,1092]" italics="true" pageId="19">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC09CC232966B4F78" box="[432,526,1069,1092]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC09CC232966B4F78" box="[432,526,1069,1092]" italics="true" pageId="19">personina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is replaced by the specific epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC1DBC253953B4F5F" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[247,350,1100,1123]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC1DBC253953B4F5F" box="[247,350,1100,1123]" italics="true" pageId="19">personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to match the masculine gender of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC19CC27495424FBF" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[176,295,1131,1155]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC19CC27495424FBF" box="[176,295,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Thus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC047C274967A4FBE" box="[363,543,1131,1155]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC047C274967A4FBE" box="[363,543,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="19">Noblella personina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
becomes
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3ADC27494BD4F9E" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3ADC27494BD4F9E" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the new specific epithet, the root
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC370C29496C74F9E" box="[604,674,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="19">person-</emphasis>
|
||||
is maintained, and the diminutive suffix
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC0FDC2B595924FFD" box="[465,503,1194,1217]" italics="true" pageId="19">-ina</emphasis>
|
||||
is replaced by the Latin suffix -
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC198C2D694AC4FDC" box="[180,201,1225,1248]" italics="true" pageId="19">us</emphasis>
|
||||
. We include
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC065C2D695F24FDD" authorityName="Duellman" authorityYear="1991" box="[329,407,1225,1249]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lynchi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC065C2D695F24FDD" box="[329,407,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. lynchi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC336C2D696F44FDD" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[538,657,1225,1249]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC336C2D696F44FDD" box="[538,657,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="19">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
because it has the synapomorphies of the group: (1) absence of vomerine teeth; (2) subacuminate toe tips; (3) toes distally expanded; and (4) presence of circumferential grooves in toes (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA1FFDBC3B8C33894C04E62" author="Duellman WE" pageId="19" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref37929" refString="Duellman WE. A new species of leptodactylid frog, genus Phyllonastes, from Peru. Herpetologica 1991; 47: 9 - 13." type="journal article" year="1991">Duellman 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally, it presents characteristics more frequently found within the northern clade: (1) presence of tympanic membrane; and (2) presence of inner tarsal tubercle. In addition, its distribution range is closer to the northern clade (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA1FFDBC3F8C3BB941B4EE7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="19">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It is ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC1E3C3DC957B4EE7" box="[207,286,1475,1499]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="19" unit="km" value="218.0">218 km</quantity>
|
||||
in a straight line from the confirmed record of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC15EC3FC94A54EC7" authorityName="Duellman" authorityYear="1991" box="[114,192,1507,1531]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lynchi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC15EC3FC94A54EC7" box="[114,192,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="19">P. lynchi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the nearest confirmed record of the northern clade (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC3C6C3FC94CE4D26" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="1986" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC3C6C3FC94CE4D26" italics="true" pageId="19">P. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and ~
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA1FFDBC1D9C01D95204D26" box="[245,325,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="19" unit="km" value="490.0">490 km</quantity>
|
||||
to the nearest record of the southern clade (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA1FFDBC150C03D949F4D05" box="[124,250,1569,1593]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duellmani">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA1FFDBC150C03D949F4D05" box="[124,250,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="19">N. duellmani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
731
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC.xml
Normal file
731
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,731 @@
|
|||
<document id="04DF9D6C0D1F5C4BC93851BE4F08E1D0" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="A9EA2BC3B4790A5E198A55265364BB65" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="DC0F4B217486EB3EF3F1E591B9C50EBF">
|
||||
<mods:title id="C2B6721933F35D5DEFA9DDE4E08598A5">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="2EF45A92179D7F4D94A0266FA009D8C1" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="B29A0D76AB26C56B832E8E9504452B54">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="ABBE0ED2A0A50808E35BAF254661E682">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="BF10B9DAB468146127F7FDBB0B6BBAEC">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="B6502020DAA420F0D670079742BAE05B">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="49771799F050380769AD669805B32D74" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="D27B432D638865D63355E7568A1557BF">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="4CB8CA03AB243933545C83888EFD3F82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="4A6621BDF074F0D182A74821AC3B592E">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="BBB0C84A014080CB5725FAE792BEFC63">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="7C440A187B7F76904CC257649C219ECD" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="9D79F9B3276CA3AF6DF90773FE9DC75D">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="4C678E339FE46211EBF20FC799FDD49B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="048275FEBC2F36837F7645389942871D">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="78A08BA9A9AE90C2812B83B114189F56">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="3D780324470A6A5A1BCCCBFD725FC44C" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="C9F855681DD19002D86521E0934956F6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D30EA94A4AB2735209BD0035A0EACC3B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="61BBF837BFB87D01497C7CF6082CA5DA">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="438C75FF8F36F9FF4EADC373448A28C1">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="9ED3D2EB594BE811E2B25F140E087D8B" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="8539C7BD892118D39ECBED68FF3DFE33">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="5881FB6ECA645C4A69BC3273F8711230">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B69BBAAD0285A6536246365D5C282089">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="6B5D298624BE6CA500660808C090CD9C">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="97818FAF6B05CD3EBCA1FC34D8A9F09D" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="D5B7205DD94D676679CBC522272F6B08">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A7F126A873CC3396430E8AF1848E5296">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E041CFD33C1C1100AD214117A06BAC68">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="09D9E511DC7D31864EEBD1C06E8C4E73">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1015A68DE388074A53175BEADE265A6E" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="829FA1CE9610D9361944AD8551E42BBD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="DF0ACDCEA807AE233ACE56FF0E238029" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="39816F44A0ACD07B0C7731ED3A3D1957">
|
||||
<mods:title id="7760480F494FC67AE35AF8CD20DD134C">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="0FCD5CB5496D3D71F8E59A0312B3B279">
|
||||
<mods:date id="EFBD2B62FDFD10B0C6E24495AE0D7A17">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="AFE487E5AD2346F119B4C9495519F1CD" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="C483709072AC9B6DE450CF1F4BE89FE9">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="B01C17F9A502E9F616AC86584E6D63AC" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="8B741002FD7E9FC95493F9786E0E896C">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="666EFAA4824824DD7025D7FDAD87A886" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="1EAC656A0B200BEBF8769AB621329970">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="49FC7C913DD7B98902072DE650F59864">
|
||||
<mods:url id="BBF513350A391CF68C10E1C0386CF763">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="FF68161400C107778AE13DC4890B989B">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="D564DEB85A53A972ACC07819C14BC86F" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="6D04051F2ACCBEA26413BDFB432DF498" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="90513E2C0336FD049EC12EB2D3932C3C" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC" lastPageId="27" pageId="22">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA4FFDEC2FEC52B914C4873" box="[978,1321,820,847]" pageId="22" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC2FEC52B914C4873" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[978,1321,820,847]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC2FEC52B914C4873" bold="true" box="[978,1321,820,847]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC2FEC52B90BD4873" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[978,1240,820,847]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC2FEC52B90BD4873" bold="true" box="[978,1240,820,847]" italics="true" pageId="22">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA4FFDEC5F1C52A914C4873" box="[1245,1321,821,847]" pageId="22" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA4FFDEC215C54490B34FD7" pageId="22" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C544978248AE" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" pageId="22">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FFA4FFDEC2A6C544978248AE" pageId="22">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FFA4FFDEC5AFC544978248AE" pageId="22">2F984FAA-F04B-4623-9E30- 7E29E32D659D</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C5859086488D" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1251,922,946]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C5859796488E" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,922,946]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C5859796488E" box="[853,1011,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C58590B8488E" author="Hedges SB & Duellman WE & Heinicke MP" box="[1038,1245,922,946]" pageId="22" pagination="1 - 182" refId="ref38978" refString="Hedges SB, Duellman WE, Heinicke MP. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa 2008; 1737: 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Hedges
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC54CC58490EA488E" box="[1120,1167,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C5A690B148ED" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1236,953,977]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C5A6979648ED" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,953,977]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C5A6979648ED" box="[853,1011,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C5A690AB48ED" author="Padial JM & Grant T & Frost DR" box="[1038,1230,953,977]" pageId="22" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref41076" refString="Padial JM, Grant T, Frost DR. Molecular systematics of terraranas (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) with an assessment of the effects of alignment and optimality criteria. Zootaxa 2014; 3825: 1 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3825.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
Padial
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC57DC5A590E548ED" box="[1105,1152,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2014)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C5C6914948CC" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1324,985,1009]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C5C6979648CD" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,985,1009]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C5C6979648CD" box="[853,1011,985,1009]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC523C5C6914348CD" author="Catenazzi A & Ttito A" box="[1039,1318,985,1009]" pageId="22" refId="ref36961" refString="Catenazzi A, Ttito A. A new species of Psychrophrynella (Amphibia, Anura, Craugastoridae) from the humid montane forests of Cusco, eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. PeerJ 2016; 4: e 1807." type="journal volume" year="2016">Catenazzi and Ttito (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C5E7916C4F33" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1289,1016,1040]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C5E797964F2C" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1016,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C5E797964F2C" box="[853,1011,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C5E791664F2C" author="Reyes-Puig JP & Reyes-Puig C & Ron SR" box="[1038,1283,1016,1040]" pageId="22" refId="ref41732" refString="Reyes-Puig JP, Reyes-Puig C, Ron SR et al. A new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Amphibia: Craugastoridae) from the Llanganates-Sangay Ecological Corridor, Tungurahua, Ecuador. PeerJ 2019; 7: e 7405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7405" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC5AAC5E690D04F2C" box="[1158,1205,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C208916E4F13" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1291,1047,1071]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C20897964F13" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1047,1071]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C20897964F13" box="[853,1011,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC523C20891604F13" author="Santa-Cruz R & von May R & Catenazzi A" box="[1039,1285,1047,1071]" pageId="22" refId="ref41933" refString="Santa-Cruz R, von May R, Catenazzi A et al. A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog (Amphibia, Strabomantidae, Noblella) from the Upper Madre De Dios Watershed, Amazonian Andes and Lowlands of Southern Peru. Diversity 2019; 11: 145 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 11090145" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Santa-Cruz
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC5A4C20790D24F13" box="[1160,1207,1047,1071]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C228908B4F72" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1262,1079,1103]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C22897964F73" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1079,1103]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C22897964F73" box="[853,1011,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC523C228908C4F73" author="Condori FP & Acevedo-Rincon L & Mamani AJ" box="[1039,1257,1079,1103]" pageId="22" pagination="127 - 37" refId="ref37385" refString="Condori FP, Acevedo-Rincon L, Mamani AJ et al. A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog of the genus Psychrophrynella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, southeastern Peru. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 2020; 14: 127 - 37." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Condori
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC547C22890FF4F73" box="[1131,1178,1079,1103]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2020)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C249916C4F51" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1289,1110,1134]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C24997964F52" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1110,1134]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C24997964F52" box="[853,1011,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C24991664F52" author="Reyes-Puig C & Maynard RJ & Trageser SJ" box="[1038,1283,1110,1134]" pageId="22" pagination="162 - 71" refId="ref41678" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Maynard RJ, Trageser SJ et al. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the Rio Manduriacu Reserve on the Pacific slopes from Ecuadorian Andes. Neotropical Biodiversity 2020; 6: 162 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2020.1809287" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC5AAC24890D04F52" box="[1158,1205,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2020)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C26A909F4FB1" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1274,1141,1165]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C26A97964FB1" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1141,1165]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C26A97964FB1" box="[853,1011,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC523C26A90904FB1" author="Catenazzi A & Mamani L & Lehr E" box="[1039,1269,1141,1165]" pageId="22" refId="ref36916" refString="Catenazzi A, Mamani L, Lehr E et al. New genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru. Diversity 2020; 12: 184. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12050184" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||||
Catenazzi
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC55BC26990C34FB1" box="[1143,1190,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2020)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C28A90B04F90" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1237,1173,1197]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C28A97964F91" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1173,1197]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C28A97964F91" box="[853,1011,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C28A90AA4F91" author="Motta AP & Taucce GPP & Haddad BCF" box="[1038,1231,1173,1197]" pageId="22" pagination="663 - 79" refId="ref40525" refString="Motta AP, Taucce GPP, Haddad BCF et al. A new terraranan genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with comments on the systematics of Brachycephaloidea (Amphibia: Anura). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 2021; 59: 663 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jzs. 12452" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Motta
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC57EC28A90E54F91" box="[1106,1152,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2021)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C2AB916C4FF7" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1289,1204,1228]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C2AB97964FF0" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1204,1228]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C2AB97964FF0" box="[853,1011,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C2AB91664FF0" author="Reyes-Puig C & Guayasamin JM & Koch C" box="[1038,1283,1204,1228]" pageId="22" pagination="63 - 87" refId="ref41622" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Guayasamin JM, Koch C et al. A new species of the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from Ecuador, with new information for Noblella worleyae. Acta Herpetologica 2021; 16: 63 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.36253 / a _ h- 10742" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC5AAC2AA90D04FF0" box="[1158,1205,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2021)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC279C2CC90B34FD7" blockId="22.[825,1474,820,1259]" box="[853,1238,1235,1259]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC279C2CC97964FD7" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[853,1011,1235,1259]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC279C2CC97964FD7" box="[853,1011,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="22">Noblella lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA4FFDEC522C2CC90B54FD7" author="Portik DM & Streicher JW & Wiens JJ" box="[1038,1232,1235,1259]" pageId="22" pagination="107907 - 72" refId="ref41366" refString="Portik DM, Streicher JW, Wiens JJ. Frog phylogeny: a time-calibrated, species-level tree based on hundreds of loci and 5242 species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2023; 188: 107907 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2023.107907" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Portik
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC57FC2CB90E44FD7" box="[1107,1153,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="22">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA4FFD3C215C31296174DEC" lastPageId="27" pageId="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C31291D64EFD" blockId="22.[824,1475,1293,1473]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA4FFDEC215C31291D64EFD" collectingDate="2014-04-03" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Fernando Ayala & Paloma Lima & Nadia Paez & Javier Pinto & Santiago R. Ron" country="Ecuador" county="Archidona canton" elevation="1417" latitude="-0.6847" location="Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.6002" municipality="Pacto Sumaco" pageId="22" specimenCode="QCAZ 57064" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="province of Napo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C31291304E19" box="[825,1365,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA4FFDEC215C31297F74E19" box="[825,914,1293,1317]" pageId="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC285C31297904E19" box="[937,1013,1293,1317]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC52AC31290454E19" box="[1030,1056,1293,1317]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[130,195,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-460@24.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13.Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Photographs of left hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 57064." pageId="22">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC51DC312903E4E19" box="[1073,1115,1293,1317]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[115,180,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,150,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-96@25.[202,1370,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14.Skulls of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180." pageId="22">14A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC542C31290FD4E19" box="[1134,1176,1293,1317]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[319,1280,151,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-62@26.[307,1296,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064, SVL = 18.07 mm. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875, SVL = 14.11 mm. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180, SVL = 11.92 mm. D, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583, SVL = 11.13 mm." pageId="22">15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA4FFDEC5EEC31291304E19" box="[1218,1365,1293,1317]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="22" type="Museum">QCAZ 57064</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no. SC-PUCE 45767)
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA4FFDEC2D4C33390164E78" box="[1016,1139,1324,1348]" pageId="22" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
collected in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA4FFDEC5C3C33391DB4E78" box="[1263,1470,1324,1348]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22">Republic of Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA4FFDEC214C354979C4E5F" box="[824,1017,1355,1379]" pageId="22">province of Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A24E1DFFA4FFDEC524C35490AC4E5F" box="[1032,1225,1355,1379]" pageId="22">Archidona canton</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFA4FFDEC5F5C35391154E5F" box="[1241,1392,1355,1379]" pageId="22">Pacto Sumaco</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
parish,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC215C37490E04EBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC:8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC215C37490E04EBF" box="[825,1157,1387,1411]" country="Ecuador" county="Archidona canton" latitude="-0.6847" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.6002" municipality="Pacto Sumaco" name="Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="22" stateProvince="province of Napo">Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC5BDC37491284EBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC:8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC5BDC37491284EBF" box="[1169,1357,1387,1411]" country="Ecuador" county="Archidona canton" latitude="-0.6847" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.6002" municipality="Pacto Sumaco" name="Las Cascadas trail" pageId="22" stateProvince="province of Napo">Las Cascadas trail</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC471C37491DB4EBF" box="[1373,1470,1387,1411]" degrees="0.6847" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" precision="5" value="-0.6847">0.6847°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC215C39597D64E9E" box="[825,947,1418,1442]" degrees="77.6002" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" precision="5" value="-77.6002">77.6002°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA4FFDEC2EBC395902B4E9E" box="[967,1102,1418,1442]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4169999999999998" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1417.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA4FFDEC2EBC395907C4E9D" box="[967,1049,1418,1442]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4169999999999998" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1417.0">1417 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
, by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC552C39591414E9E" box="[1150,1316,1418,1442]" pageId="22">Fernando Ayala</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC41EC39591DB4E9E" box="[1330,1470,1418,1442]" pageId="22">Paloma Lima</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC215C3B697C84EFD" box="[825,941,1449,1473]" pageId="22">Nadia Páez</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC299C3B690484EFD" box="[949,1069,1449,1473]" pageId="22">Javier Pinto</collectorName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC54DC3B691624EFD" box="[1121,1287,1449,1473]" pageId="22">Santiago R. Ron</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA4FFDEC400C3B691D54EFD" box="[1324,1456,1449,1473]" pageId="22" value="2014-04-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA4FFDEC400C3B691D54EFD" box="[1324,1456,1449,1473]" pageId="22" value="2014-04-03">3 April 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C3FC97CC4DEA" blockId="22.[824,1474,1507,1750]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA4FFDEC215C3FC97F94D44" collectingDate="2010-07-15" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Jeffrey Camper & D. J. Zart" country="Ecuador" county="All" elevation="1465" latitude="-0.67744" location="Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.60133" municipality="Province of Napo" pageId="22" specimenCode="QCAZ 48916" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C3FC902A4EC6" box="[825,1103,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="22">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA4FFDEC215C3FC97FD4EC6" box="[825,920,1507,1530]" pageId="22" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 4;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC2D4C3FC90594EC7" box="[1016,1084,1507,1531]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
All collected in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA4FFDEC429C3FC91384EC7" box="[1285,1373,1507,1531]" name="Ecuador" pageId="22">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFA4FFDEC44BC3FC97F24D25" pageId="22">Province of Napo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA4FFDEC289C01D905E4D26" box="[933,1083,1538,1562]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="22" type="Museum">QCAZ 48916</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA4FFDEC56BC01D908A4D26" box="[1095,1263,1538,1562]" pageId="22" type="subadult">subadult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
, province of Napo,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC215C03E90EB4D05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC:8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC215C03E90EB4D05" box="[825,1166,1569,1593]" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-0.67744" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.60133" municipality="Province of Napo" name="Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary" pageId="22" stateProvince="Napo">Wildsumaco Wildlife Sanctuary</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC5B2C03E91594D05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC:8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC5B2C03E91594D05" box="[1182,1340,1569,1593]" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-0.67744" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.60133" municipality="Province of Napo" name="Benavides trail" pageId="22" stateProvince="Napo">Benavides trail</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC47CC03E91DA4D05" box="[1360,1471,1569,1593]" degrees="0.67744" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" precision="1" value="-0.67744">0.67744°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC215C05E97A54D65" box="[825,960,1601,1625]" degrees="77.60133" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" precision="1" value="-77.60133">77.60133°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA4FFDEC2FFC05F903C4D65" box="[979,1113,1600,1625]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1465.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA4FFDEC2FFC05F90414D64" box="[979,1060,1600,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1465.0">1465 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC549C05E91674D65" box="[1125,1282,1601,1625]" pageId="22">Jeffrey Camper</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC414C05E91F84D64" box="[1336,1437,1601,1624]" pageId="22">D. J. Zart</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA4FFDEC484C05F97F94D44" pageId="22" value="2010-07-15">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA4FFDEC484C05F97F94D44" pageId="22" value="2010-07-15">15 July 2010</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA4FFDEC289C07F90BF4D44" box="[933,1242,1632,1656]" collectingDate="2018-06-21" collectionCode="ZSFQ" collectorName="David Brito-Zapata & Jose Vieira & Malki Bustos" country="Ecuador" elevation="1160" latitude="-0.682" location="Reserva Narupa" longLatPrecision="558" longitude="-77.74" municipality="Archidona" pageId="22" specimenCode="ZSFQ 346-347, ZSFQ 348" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA4FFDEC289C07F90234D44" box="[933,1094,1632,1656]" collectionCode="ZSFQ" pageId="22">ZSFQ 346–347</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA4FFDEC563C07F90B34D44" box="[1103,1238,1632,1656]" pageId="22" type="adult">adult females</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA4FFDEC5F2C07F97C14DEA" collectingDate="2018-06-21" collectionCode="ZSFQ" collectorName="David Brito-Zapata & Jose Vieira & Malki Bustos" country="Ecuador" elevation="1160" latitude="-0.682" location="Reserva Narupa" longLatPrecision="558" longitude="-77.74" municipality="Archidona" pageId="22" specimenCode="ZSFQ 346-347, ZSFQ 348" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Napo" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA4FFDEC5F2C07F912E4D44" box="[1246,1355,1632,1656]" collectionCode="ZSFQ" pageId="22">ZSFQ 348</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA4FFDEC47FC07F91DB4D44" box="[1363,1470,1632,1656]" pageId="22" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFA4FFDEC214C06097964DAB" box="[824,1011,1663,1687]" pageId="22">Archidona canton</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC2D1C09F90C74DAB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA4FFD3C2FEC52B96174DEC:8EA3604AFFA4FFDEC2D1C09F90C74DAB" box="[1021,1186,1664,1687]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-0.682" longLatPrecision="558" longitude="-77.74" municipality="Archidona canton" name="Reserva Narupa" pageId="22" stateProvince="Napo">Reserva Narupa</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC59CC06091614DAB" box="[1200,1284,1663,1687]" degrees="0.682" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" precision="55" value="-0.682">0.682°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA4FFDEC422C060910B4DAB" box="[1294,1390,1663,1687]" degrees="77,74" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" precision="555" value="-77.74">77,74°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA4FFDEC453C06097D94D8B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1160.0" valueMax="1170.0" valueMin="1150.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA4FFDEC453C06097EC4D8A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="22" unit="m" value="1160.0" valueMax="1170.0" valueMin="1150.0">1150– 1170 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC2EBC08090F44D8B" box="[967,1169,1695,1719]" pageId="22">David Brito-Zapata</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC5B7C080916F4D8B" box="[1179,1290,1695,1719]" pageId="22">Jose Vieira</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA4FFDEC439C08091F84D8A" box="[1301,1437,1695,1719]" pageId="22">Malki Bustos</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA4FFDEC484C08097C14DEA" pageId="22" value="2018-06-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA4FFDEC484C08097C14DEA" pageId="22" value="2018-06-21">21 June 2018</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C11F91E14C24" blockId="22.[825,1412,1792,1816]" box="[825,1412,1792,1816]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C11F901E4C24" box="[825,1147,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="22">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Ecuadorian leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDEC215C12691A64C6D" blockId="22.[825,1475,1849,1873]" box="[825,1475,1849,1873]" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C12690194C6D" box="[825,1148,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="22">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca ecuatoriano.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA4FFDFC215C16C97F54A3A" blockId="22.[825,1474,1906,1962]" lastBlockId="23.[810,1460,144,262]" lastPageId="23" pageId="22">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC215C16C97FF4CB7" box="[825,922,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="22">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC286C16C97964CB7" box="[938,1011,1907,1931]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="22">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC2D1C16C90724CB7" box="[1021,1047,1907,1931]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[130,195,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-460@24.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13.Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Photographs of left hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 57064." pageId="22">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC50EC16C90294CB7" box="[1058,1100,1907,1931]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[115,180,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,150,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-96@25.[202,1370,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14.Skulls of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180." pageId="22">14A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA4FFDEC574C16D90E74CB6" box="[1112,1154,1906,1930]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[319,1280,151,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-62@26.[307,1296,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064, SVL = 18.07 mm. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875, SVL = 14.11 mm. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180, SVL = 11.92 mm. D, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583, SVL = 11.13 mm." pageId="22">15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA4FFDEC5BCC16C90814CB7" box="[1168,1252,1907,1931]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="22">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA4FFDEC43FC16C91454CB7" box="[1299,1312,1907,1931]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="22">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC40DC16C91564CB6" box="[1313,1331,1907,1930]" italics="true" pageId="22">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA4FFDEC56CC18D90D24C96" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1088,1207,1938,1962]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA4FFDEC56CC18D90D24C96" box="[1088,1207,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="22">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on dorsum and flanks shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, ventral surfaces smooth, discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus distinct, supratympanic fold present, postrictal tubercles present or absent; (3) snout truncate in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits present, nuptial pads absent; (7) fingers slightly expanded distally, with fingertips acuminate, bearing papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles absent; (8) fingers without lateral fringes or circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt or T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-2; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one subconical tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle large, elongate in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, bigger than knob of outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and bearing papillae, supernumerary tubercles present, toes bearing narrow lateral fringes, toe basal webbing absent, all toes bearing ill-defined pads and circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in life, dorsum brown, with faint dark marks and chevrons in some specimens, throat brown, contrasting with paler belly, dark mask extending onto flanks; and (15) SVL in adult males 14.0 mm (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC2BBC6D097CF4BDA" box="[919,938,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="23">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 1) and SVL in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA5FFDFC5DDC6D0913C4BDA" box="[1265,1369,207,231]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.676" pageId="23" unit="mm" value="16.76">16.76 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC447C6D0911B4BDA" box="[1387,1406,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="23">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 3) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA5FFDFC219C6F197E54A3A" box="[821,896,238,262]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="23">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA5FFD0C206C737957D4FE2" blockId="23.[810,1463,295,821]" lastBlockId="24.[129,777,1191,1247]" lastPageId="24" pageId="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC206C73790C04A03" box="[810,1189,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="23">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC288C73890C04A03" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[932,1189,295,319]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles the closely related
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC24FC75897A54A63" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[867,960,327,351]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC24FC75897A54A63" box="[867,960,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC2DBC75890134A62" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1015,1142,327,350]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC2DBC75890134A62" box="[1015,1142,327,350]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of a tympanic membrane and supratympanic fold, acuminate fingertips and toe tips, and dark brown mask. It differs from them by having only two phalanges in finger IV (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC5BAC7BA90934A81" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1174,1270,421,445]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC5BAC7BA90934A81" box="[1174,1270,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC41DC7BA91D64A80" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1329,1459,421,444]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC41DC7BA91D64A80" box="[1329,1459,421,444]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bear three phalanges in finger IV), truncate snout in dorsal view (round in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC2B8C7FB97954AC7" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[916,1008,483,507]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC2B8C7FB97954AC7" box="[916,1008,483,507]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC50EC7FB90FA4AC7" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1058,1183,484,507]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC50EC7FB90FA4AC7" box="[1058,1183,484,507]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), fingers slightly expanded distally (fingers not expanded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC55FC41C90A84927" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1139,1229,515,539]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC55FC41C90A84927" box="[1139,1229,515,539]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
nor
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC5D7C41C91124926" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1275,1399,515,538]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC5D7C41C91124926" box="[1275,1399,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and toes expanded distally (toes slightly expanded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC400C43C91EC4906" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1324,1417,546,570]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC400C43C91EC4906" box="[1324,1417,546,570]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
nor
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC200C45D97CC4965" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[812,937,578,601]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC200C45D97CC4965" box="[812,937,578,601]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); by the absence of supernumerary palmar tubercles (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC2E1C47E904D4945" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[973,1064,609,633]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC2E1C47E904D4945" box="[973,1064,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC576C47E90B24944" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1114,1239,609,632]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC576C47E90B24944" box="[1114,1239,609,632]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the presence of supernumerary plantar tubercles (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC423C49E910949A4" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1295,1388,640,664]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC423C49E910949A4" box="[1295,1388,640,664]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC48EC49E97F4498B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC48EC49E97F4498B" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC28BC48090C0498B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[935,1189,671,695]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC28BC48090C0498B" box="[935,1189,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="23">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC474C4BF91D6498B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1368,1459,671,695]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC474C4BF91D6498B" box="[1368,1459,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the presence of papillae on fingertips and toe tips (both absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC259C4C097B549CA" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[885,976,734,758]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC259C4C097B549CA" box="[885,976,734,758]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC560C4C090AF49CA" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1100,1226,735,758]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC560C4C090AF49CA" box="[1100,1226,735,758]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having dorsum and flanks shagreen (dorsum smooth with few low pustules and flanks smooth in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC2C9C50290034808" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[997,1126,797,820]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="personinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC2C9C50290034808" box="[997,1126,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="23">P. personinus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAAFFD0C1ADC2B8952C4F83" box="[129,329,1191,1215]" pageId="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C1ADC2B8949D4F83" box="[129,248,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="24">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFAAFFD0C1ADC2D894B04FE3" box="[129,213,1223,1247]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="24">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFAAFFD0C029C2D895774FE3" box="[261,274,1223,1247]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="24">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA5FFDFC15DC17590544C87" pageId="23" startId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" targetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" targetPageId="23" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA5FFDFC15DC17590544C87" blockId="23.[113,1417,1898,1979]" pageId="23">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC15DC17594B34CBF" bold="true" box="[113,214,1898,1923]" pageId="23">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live and preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA5FFDFC33EC17597714CBE" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[530,788,1898,1922]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC33EC17597714CBE" bold="true" box="[530,788,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="23">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA5FFDFC42EC17491E64CBF" box="[1282,1411,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="23">QCAZ 57064</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female. A, in life. B, C, in preservative. A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFAAFFD0C1AEC25C94A74F4B" pageId="24" startId="24.[130,195,1091,1115]" targetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD0C1AEC25C94A74F4B" blockId="24.[129,1452,1091,1143]" pageId="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C1AEC25C94834F67" bold="true" box="[130,230,1091,1115]" pageId="24">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAAFFD0C37BC25C973C4F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[599,857,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C37BC25C973C4F67" bold="true" box="[599,857,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="24">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of left hand and right foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C440C25B94D84F4B" italics="true" pageId="24">QCAZ 57064</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD0C1ADC31895604E87" blockId="24.[128,780,1286,1968]" pageId="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C1ADC318950B4E22" box="[129,366,1286,1310]" italics="true" pageId="24">
|
||||
Description of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFAAFFD0C030C319950B4E22" box="[284,366,1286,1310]" pageId="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFAAFFD0C0AAC31995B34E22" box="[390,470,1286,1310]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="24">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFAAFFD0C0C5C31996664E22" box="[489,515,1286,1310]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[130,195,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-460@24.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13.Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Photographs of left hand and right foot of the holotype QCAZ 57064." pageId="24">13</figureCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C32FC31996704E21" box="[515,533,1286,1309]" italics="true" pageId="24">):</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult female (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C3E8C31994A74E01" italics="true" pageId="24">QCAZ 57064</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 18.1; tibia length, 9.3; foot length, 8.1; head length, 5.8; head width, 6.2; eye diameter, 2.2; tympanum diameter, 1.3; interorbital distance, 2.7; upper eyelid width, 1.5; internarial distance, 2.09; eye–nostril distance, 1.6.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD0C1B0C3DD976E4DC8" blockId="24.[128,780,1286,1968]" pageId="24">Body robust, head is not distinct from body, head slightly wider than long. Snout truncate in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view, without rostral papilla; canthus rostralis slightly concave; interorbital space flat, with no cranial crests; tympanic membrane distinct, tympanic annulus prominent on anterior and ventral borders, and a broad and low supratympanic fold resembling a bulge is present dorsally; postrictal tubercles absent; vomerine teeth absent; tongue large, lanceolate, and with a straight posterior border; vocal slits and nuptial pads absent; lips are not flared; nostrils are elongate and slightly protuberant.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD0C1B0C0E490C74E47" blockId="24.[128,780,1286,1968]" lastBlockId="24.[824,1476,1191,1874]" pageId="24">Skin of dorsum and flanks shagreen, top of the head and upper eyelid smooth; dorsolateral folds absent; ventral surfaces smooth; skin in cloacal region areolate; discoidal fold present. Ulnar tubercles absent, palmar tubercles distinct, low; outer palmar tubercle elongate, proximally wider and about twice the size of the elongate thenar tubercle; subarticular tubercles ill-defined, elongate, and low; supernumerary tubercles absent; dermal fringes on fingers absent; discs narrow, bearing round and inconspicuous pads without circumferential grooves. Phalangeal formula is 2-2-3-2 and relative length of fingers is I <II <IV <III. Fingers are slightly expanded distally, with acuminate tips that are dorsoventrally flattened, papilla present, and antebrachial ornamentation absent.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD0C279C39C90D34C6E" blockId="24.[824,1476,1191,1874]" pageId="24">Hindlimbs robust; knee and heel without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent. Outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, prominent, round in ventral view and subconical in lateral view, and about half the size of the outer metatarsal tubercle and in line with the inner metatarsal tubercle. Inner metatarsal tubercle elongate, ~1.5 × length of outer metatarsal tubercle. The latter is knob like and protrudes posteriorly. Subarticular tubercles low and rounded, supernumerary tubercles minute and ill defined. Toes with narrow lateral dermal fringes; basal webbing between toes absent; discs on toes ill defined, toes expanded distally bearing papilla; ill-defined circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III reaches the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; toe V almost reaches the half of the second tubercle of toe IV).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAAFFD2C215C16690BB4C91" blockId="24.[825,1474,1913,1969]" lastBlockId="26.[825,1475,1878,1966]" lastPageId="26" pageId="24">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAAFFD0C215C16691A74CAC" box="[825,1474,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="24">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFAAFFD0C2B0C166978B4CAD" box="[924,1006,1913,1937]" pageId="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life (based on digital photographs) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFAAFFD0C441C16691D54CAD" box="[1389,1456,1913,1937]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="24">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsum is light greyish orange, becoming more orange towards the cloacal region, bearing dark brown blotches fading posteriorly and a pair of dark sacral lateral patches that do not touch medially. Facial mask dark brown, almost black; the mask extends posteriorly on the flanks halfway to the hindlimb insertion; the dark facial pigment extends dorsally to the eyelid; posterior to the mask extension, flanks are medium brown with light flecking. Lips dark brown, with few irregular white flecks. Forearms are brown, with two pale bands on the left and 1.5 on the right. Dorsal surfaces of hindlimbs orange–brown, with dark brown transversal bars bordered by lighter colour. Throat uniformly dark brown, with an orange flecking anteriorly. Ventral surfaces of upper arms, thighs, and belly bright orange, with scattered dark brown flecks. Ventral surfaces of forearms and shanks dark brown, with small bright orange blotches. Cloacal region dark brown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFABFFD1C15FC0F395344C23" pageId="25" startId="25.[115,180,1772,1796]" targetBox="[222,1354,150,1740]" targetPageId="25" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFABFFD1C15FC0F395344C23" blockId="25.[113,1414,1772,1824]" pageId="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C15FC0F394BD4C38" bold="true" box="[115,216,1772,1796]" pageId="25">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||||
Skulls of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFABFFD1C003C0F396674C38" box="[303,514,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C003C0F395FB4C38" box="[303,414,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="25">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species. A
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C326C0F397F74C38" box="[522,914,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="25">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFABFFD1C326C0F397344C3F" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[522,849,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C326C0F397694C38" bold="true" box="[522,780,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="25">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
57064
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
. B,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFABFFD1C299C0F390C24C38" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[949,1191,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C299C0F3903B4C38" box="[949,1118,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="25">Phyllonastes heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
24875. C,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C420C0F3952E4C1C" italics="true" pageId="25">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFABFFD1C420C0F3956F4C23" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFABFFD1C420C0F394A04C23" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="25">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
40180
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFA8FFD2C1ADC0F395494C07" pageId="26" startId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" targetBox="[319,1280,151,1731]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA8FFD2C1ADC0F3915A4C38" blockId="26.[129,1404,1772,1852]" box="[129,1343,1772,1796]" pageId="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C1ADC0F394804C38" bold="true" box="[129,229,1772,1796]" pageId="26">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||||
Skeletons of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA8FFD2C04DC0F396514C38" box="[353,564,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C04DC0F395B54C38" box="[353,464,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="26">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species. A
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C310C0F397A14C38" box="[572,964,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="26">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA8FFD2C310C0F397E64C3F" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[572,899,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C310C0F3975B4C38" bold="true" box="[572,830,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="26">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
57064
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, SVL = 18.07 mm. B,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA8FFD2C5B9C0F3915A4C38" box="[1173,1343,1772,1796]" pageId="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C5B9C0F3915A4C38" box="[1173,1343,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="26">Phyllonastes heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA8FFD2C1ADC11791194C1C" blockId="26.[129,1404,1772,1852]" box="[129,1404,1800,1824]" pageId="26">
|
||||
QCAZ 24875, SVL = 14.11 mm. C,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C0F5C11797574C1C" box="[473,818,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="26">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA8FFD2C0F5C11796944C23" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[473,753,1800,1824]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C0F5C11796C94C23" bold="true" box="[473,684,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="26">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
40180
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, SVL = 11.92 mm. D,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA8FFD2C52AC11791504C1C" authority="QCAZ" authorityName="QCAZ" box="[1030,1333,1800,1824]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA8FFD2C52AC11790884C1C" box="[1030,1261,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="26">Phyllonastes myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
QCAZ
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
53583,
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA8FFD2C1ADC13B95494C07" blockId="26.[129,1404,1772,1852]" box="[129,300,1828,1852]" pageId="26">SVL = 11.13 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC68F95DA4ABF" blockId="27.[112,763,144,387]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC68F967B4B9B" box="[113,542,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA9FFD3C1F8C68F95434B94" box="[212,294,144,168]" pageId="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C0E5C68E966E4B94" box="[457,523,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="27">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surfaces dark brown; dorsum bearing a pair of darker sacral lateral patches; limbs with darker transversal bars. Throat, ventral surfaces of forearms, shanks, and feet dark brown, bearing cream flecks densely grouped on the posterior half of shanks. Chest, belly, and ventral surfaces of upper arms and thighs cream, with faint dark brown flecks. Posterior surfaces of thighs dark brown. Cloacal region dark brown, almost black.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC7BA957F4F33" blockId="27.[112,765,421,1040]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC7BA95504A80" box="[113,309,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C1F3C7BA95464A81" box="[223,291,421,445]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[113,178,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,890,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-443@23.[146,1426,881,1870]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Live and preserved specimens of Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, B, holotype QCAZ 57064, adult female, SVL = 18.07 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 48916, subadult female.A, in life.B, C, in preservative.A scale bar is given only for preserved adults. The depigmentation visible in both specimens is attributable to preservation defects." pageId="27">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In this section, traits refer to preserved individuals unless otherwise mentioned. Tympanic annulus can be completely differentiated as in QCAZ 48916. The same specimen also presents an inconspicuous supratympanic fold (might be a preservation effect), dorsal surfaces dark brown, with white big irregular blotches in the lower back (might be only an effect of preservation of the individual), limbs without differentiated transversal bars, ventral surfaces of forearms, shanks, and posterior surfaces of thighs cream, bearing dark brown flecks densely grouped.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C01FC4A0958349EB" box="[307,486,703,727]" count="3" pageId="27" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have a row of postrictal tubercles (ZSFQ 346–48).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C0A1C4C1959649CA" box="[397,499,734,758]" count="1" pageId="27" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
|
||||
(ZSFQ 348) has a much paler throat, similar in colour to the venter.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C361C4E296994829" box="[589,764,765,789]" count="3" pageId="27" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have the suprainguinal spots elongated (ZSFQ 346–48), two of them merging into an hourglass-shaped large mark on dorsum (ZSFQ 347–48).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C005C54495D8484F" box="[297,445,859,883]" count="1" pageId="27" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
(ZSFQ 347) has short papillae on most fingers, except for fingers III and IV on the left hand, which show long papillae.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C050C585967E488E" box="[380,539,922,946]" count="2" pageId="27" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
(ZSFQ 346 and 348) have short papillae in all their fingers, sometimes ill defined. The male (ZSFQ 348) has vocal slits. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA9FFD3C1E5C5E795714F2C" box="[201,276,1016,1040]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="27">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC22E96A94E19" blockId="27.[112,763,1073,1317]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC22E95144F55" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C387C22D968D4F75" box="[683,744,1073,1097]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="27">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C15DC24E95144F55" box="[113,369,1105,1129]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from three localities on the eastern slopes of the Andes, in the provinces of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA9FFD3C36FC26F96194FBB" box="[579,636,1136,1159]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="27">Napo</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA9FFD3C386C26F96924FBB" box="[682,759,1136,1159]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="27">Pastaza</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, between 1150 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA9FFD3C068C29095FC4F9B" box="[324,409,1167,1191]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1465.0">1465 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. in Eastern Foothill Forest. Individuals were collected at night (20:00–00:45 h) on leaf litter in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C1A0C2D094974FDA" box="[140,242,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="27">terra firme</emphasis>
|
||||
forest. We propose assigning
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C30FC2D096DC4FDA" box="[547,697,1230,1254]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C30FC2D096DC4FDA" box="[547,697,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category owing to the lack of information about its population size and geographical range.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC359953C4EA1" blockId="27.[113,762,1350,1437]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC35994844E62" box="[113,225,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="27">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet refers to the country where the species is distributed,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C07FC37A95B74E41" box="[339,466,1381,1405]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C07FC37A95B74E41" box="[339,466,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="27">ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, meaning from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA9FFD3C35FC37A96AF4E41" box="[627,714,1381,1405]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and is masculine in gender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC3A196174DEC" blockId="27.[113,763,1470,1745]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC3A194AA4EEA" box="[113,207,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="27">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||||
The identification of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C087C3A0966D4EEA" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[427,520,1470,1494]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C087C3A0966D4EEA" box="[427,520,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in our study is based on the redescription provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C09CC3C196E34EC9" author="Harvey MB & Almendariz A" box="[432,646,1501,1526]" pageId="27" refId="ref38931" refString="Harvey MB, Almendariz A, Brito-M J et al. A new species of Noblella (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the Amazonian Slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes with Comments on Noblella lochites (Lynch). Zootaxa 2013; 3635: 001 - 14." type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||||
Harvey
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C32FC3C196514EC9" box="[515,564,1501,1525]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2013)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Our phylogeny includes specimens from that publication (QCAZ51766/ MEPN14255 and QCAZ51767/MEPN14253). According to Harvey’s work and our phylogenetic results, the specimen KU177356, previously identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C0C8C04496244D4F" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[484,577,1627,1651]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C0C8C04496244D4F" box="[484,577,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C355C04494C04DAE" author="Hedges SB & Duellman WE & Heinicke MP" pageId="27" pagination="1 - 182" refId="ref38978" refString="Hedges SB, Duellman WE, Heinicke MP. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and conservation. Zootaxa 2008; 1737: 1 - 182." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Hedges
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C3E7C044969E4D4F" box="[715,763,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2008
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C19FC06595D84DAE" author="Catenazzi A & Ttito A" box="[179,445,1658,1682]" pageId="27" refId="ref36961" refString="Catenazzi A, Ttito A. A new species of Psychrophrynella (Amphibia, Anura, Craugastoridae) from the humid montane forests of Cusco, eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. PeerJ 2016; 4: e 1807." type="journal volume" year="2016">Catenazzi and Ttito 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C0E7C06596D64DAE" author="Reyes-Puig JP & Reyes-Puig C & Ron SR" box="[459,691,1658,1682]" pageId="27" refId="ref41732" refString="Reyes-Puig JP, Reyes-Puig C, Ron SR et al. A new species of terrestrial frog of the genus Noblella Barbour, 1930 (Amphibia: Craugastoridae) from the Llanganates-Sangay Ecological Corridor, Tungurahua, Ecuador. PeerJ 2019; 7: e 7405. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7405" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Reyes-Puig
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C36AC064961D4DAE" box="[582,632,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C3EDC06596904DAE" author="Reyes-Puig C & Maynard RJ & Trageser SJ" box="[705,757,1658,1682]" pageId="27" pagination="162 - 71" refId="ref41678" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Maynard RJ, Trageser SJ et al. A new species of Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the Rio Manduriacu Reserve on the Pacific slopes from Ecuadorian Andes. Neotropical Biodiversity 2020; 6: 162 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2020.1809287" type="journal article" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C15DC08694C04D8D" author="Reyes-Puig C & Guayasamin JM & Koch C" box="[113,165,1689,1713]" pageId="27" pagination="63 - 87" refId="ref41622" refString="Reyes-Puig C, Guayasamin JM, Koch C et al. A new species of the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from Ecuador, with new information for Noblella worleyae. Acta Herpetologica 2021; 16: 63 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.36253 / a _ h- 10742" type="journal article" year="2021">2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C19CC08695EB4D8D" author="Santa-Cruz R & von May R & Catenazzi A" box="[176,398,1689,1713]" pageId="27" refId="ref41933" refString="Santa-Cruz R, von May R, Catenazzi A et al. A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog (Amphibia, Strabomantidae, Noblella) from the Upper Madre De Dios Watershed, Amazonian Andes and Lowlands of Southern Peru. Diversity 2019; 11: 145 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 11090145" type="journal volume" year="2019">
|
||||
Santa-Cruz
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C004C08595334D8D" box="[296,342,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C0B4C08696034D8D" author="Catenazzi A & Mamani L & Lehr E" box="[408,614,1689,1713]" pageId="27" refId="ref36916" refString="Catenazzi A, Mamani L, Lehr E et al. New genus of terrestrial-breeding frogs (Holoadeninae, Strabomantidae, Terrarana) from Southern Peru. Diversity 2020; 12: 184. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 12050184" type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||||
Catenazzi
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C32DC085964A4D8D" box="[513,559,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C35DC08694C04DED" author="Condori FP & Acevedo-Rincon L & Mamani AJ" pageId="27" pagination="127 - 37" refId="ref37385" refString="Condori FP, Acevedo-Rincon L, Mamani AJ et al. A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog of the genus Psychrophrynella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera de Vilcabamba, southeastern Peru. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 2020; 14: 127 - 37." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Condori
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C3E1C085969E4D8D" box="[717,763,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C19CC0A695394DED" author="Portik DM & Streicher JW & Wiens JJ" box="[176,348,1721,1745]" pageId="27" pagination="107907 - 72" refId="ref41366" refString="Portik DM, Streicher JW, Wiens JJ. Frog phylogeny: a time-calibrated, species-level tree based on hundreds of loci and 5242 species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2023; 188: 107907 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2023.107907" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Portik
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C1D9C0A695414DED" box="[245,292,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), is, in fact,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C0FAC0A696094DED" box="[470,620,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C0FAC0A696094DED" box="[470,620,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
447
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD.xml
Normal file
447
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
|
|||
<document id="EB6F3161D06D7C84842EC0962AABC46B" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes dicaprioi Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="1B6C9167E6227E8648FD686D4839D0C2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="1B1D0D16D69DA2BB4EE7F5B77BF662C5">
|
||||
<mods:title id="F260F2C2D43763D987E98C0C11BC0B15">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="776555F6BAE41033C0CDA98BE3FAFB95" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="E03FCB47E5BE9055D995D3EA3DBA977D">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="BA8E4DE7CD49555D2C2EE5220E8A014D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="16D735A6C691B4E7EE85754DE10228A8">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="0E6EA41C568412C70AA323C194075858">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="0BFE1816D0425ADAFC620D890DFC4AFD" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="6811E69A6040779FC1CC93B700855B24">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="FC3931133972A477D05EB03C5A8D79D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="48A3907454D7B4A54E997C3A35AC34CF">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A93D15661727AA8386B03707E32F3BE6">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="E0BF6DD73B784478A43611463C478378" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="F13CF870950F77A354203BD6803957B6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D3054ED495C92A4ECB7C3E81DA85733A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="1C0B57AE09BBE29E0EA966A022607151">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="130A41E923FC880B1002322283F7C2C0">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="FB1CE293CBC8C8916232F7B18B65A20E" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="9D9ACF5B14522CBFC7B9B0DC78386287">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="39493797ED0767F5DE50B77DD800DB86">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="0751EE47631AFC8782247BD1254D9FC0">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="77754F8F408DDD974A2EB4EB8FF7269D">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="1E83AC81701E52D3AC19517F22BD0BD2" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="1301B04F50BF0470EB757B2D31700FC6">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="1D7EC22E0E88C00DF52752C15A56918A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B318BF842A4D395BAD5CA81C6C6DD157">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2A1A8A2A9439C3A90379D4BF33AC68E4">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="F9C5CEDE2126C3BB54B60C1283890D0B" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="1FA1182EAD9263914367E8F9D747DA81">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="F5EBBA74F45BE3F62E2CBC4D86DF25A8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E00965B7FAB7C200DF842441DE8803B9">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="33053275F5FCC8E4E375C0D45E2889C6">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A985CEBCBB3F12B82E4D6DCA05410C59" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="83C109151BDEED1464B046E2D70F80B9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="2D6557190D60909F226CDF2FB2027F00" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="E46B1DC21E659CFF12D080D22CB64AA5">
|
||||
<mods:title id="654F71C9858354C18A86FE836A1AB51D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="1231BEA00A35A71A98169C93BD71A4AE">
|
||||
<mods:date id="63C842E1235A2FB32DA7DB68864A879D">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="B4359940E9D976CA1BA37999E3B30254" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="9D16954EE960E65F113ED821BD2EB52C">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="337693A66C641B44BD20075A27340CEB" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="656DFD559BD1733075A827B35857AF2C">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="9E8E268AAE04FB488578754D3B413A3F" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="A17DE0E06C152CA3565B4A012920BE3F">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="364311E2878036C939A39D687F4D8B55">
|
||||
<mods:url id="E6465E8195A2F23A7A960EF1922EAF82">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="7FEA84AD09BAF76CBC8A5225F6ABC455">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="854C4C46314AC0D863B6E9933AAC7B67" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="FAA011080A1430FCECFB7912EC82AE94" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="4217C747C4074F7DA60B9C4F40329730" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FFA9FFD6C033C0EF96A54EBD" lastPageId="30" pageId="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA9FFD3C033C0EF96294C36" box="[287,588,1776,1803]" pageId="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C033C0EF96294C36" blockId="27.[113,762,1776,1901]" box="[287,588,1776,1803]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C033C0EF96294C36" bold="true" box="[287,588,1776,1803]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C033C0EF959E4C37" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[287,507,1776,1803]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C033C0EF959E4C37" bold="true" box="[287,507,1776,1803]" italics="true" pageId="27">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFA9FFD3C32CC0EF96294C36" box="[512,588,1776,1802]" pageId="27" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA9FFD3C15DC10896E24C51" pageId="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC10895784C72" blockId="27.[113,762,1776,1901]" pageId="27">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FFA9FFD3C19EC10995784C72" pageId="27">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FFA9FFD3C083C10995784C72" pageId="27">6BB7F9AC-DD71-4FA4-8251- 0184D8991FCE</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C1A1C14A96E24C51" blockId="27.[113,762,1776,1901]" box="[141,647,1877,1901]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C1A1C14A957B4C51" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[141,286,1877,1901]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C1A1C14A957B4C51" box="[141,286,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="27">Noblella heyeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFA9FFD3C016C14A96E44C51" author="Garzon-Santomaro C & Sanchez-Nivicela JC & Mena Valenzuela PR" box="[314,641,1877,1901]" pageId="27" refId="ref38375" refString="Garzon-Santomaro C, Sanchez-Nivicela JC, Mena Valenzuela PR et al. Reptiles y Aves de la provincia de El Oro: Una guia de identificacion de especies del paramo al manglar. Quito, Ecuador: Serie de Publicaciones GADPEO - INABIO, 2019." type="book" year="2019">
|
||||
Garzón-Santomaro
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C328C14996564C51" box="[516,563,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFA9FFD6C15DC19096A54EBD" lastPageId="30" pageId="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C15DC190969E4CFA" blockId="27.[113,763,1935,1990]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA9FFD3C15DC19091FC4BFB" collectingDate="2017-07-03" collectionCode="DHMECN, SRJ" collectorName="Filemon Benitez & Miguel Urgiles" country="Ecuador" elevation="1705" latitude="-3.206528" location="province of El Oro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.67977" pageId="27" specimenCode="DHMECN 13729" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="province of El Oro" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C15DC19096414C9B" box="[113,548,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA9FFD3C15DC19094AF4C9B" box="[113,202,1935,1959]" pageId="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C1F0C19095414C9B" box="[220,292,1935,1959]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-95@28.[161,1441,144,1685]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype DHMECN 13729, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm." pageId="27">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C01CC190952F4C9B" box="[304,330,1935,1959]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="29.[112,177,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-482@29.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 17. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Photographs of right hand and left foot of the holotype DHMECN 13729." pageId="27">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C047C19096414C9B" box="[363,548,1935,1959]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 13729</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no. SRJ 2017- 364),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C19EC1B195444CFA" box="[178,289,1966,1990]" pageId="27" type="adult">adult male</specimenCount>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA9FFD3C04AC1B196334CFA" box="[358,598,1966,1990]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27">República del Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA9FFD3C34FC1B197304B94" box="[611,853,144,1990]" pageId="27">
|
||||
province of El
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C206C68F91FC4BFB" blockId="27.[810,1459,144,199]" pageId="27">
|
||||
Oro, El Retiro (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA9FFD3C2F8C68F902A4B94" box="[980,1103,144,168]" degrees="3.206528" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" precision="1" value="-3.206528">3.206528°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA9FFD3C571C68F90B84B94" box="[1117,1245,144,168]" degrees="79.67977" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" precision="1" value="-79.67977">79.67977°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA9FFD3C5C6C68F91584B9B" box="[1258,1341,144,168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.705" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1705.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA9FFD3C5C6C68F91584B9B" box="[1258,1341,144,168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.705" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1705.0">1705 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.), collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA9FFD3C2A7C6B090564BFB" box="[907,1075,175,199]" pageId="27">Filemón Benítez</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA9FFD3C548C6B0909F4BFB" box="[1124,1274,175,199]" pageId="27">Miguel Urgilés</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFA9FFD3C40CC6B091F04BFB" box="[1312,1429,175,199]" pageId="27" value="2017-07-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFA9FFD3C40CC6B091F04BFB" box="[1312,1429,175,199]" pageId="27" value="2017-07-03">3 July 2017</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C206C6F691D64A42" blockId="27.[810,1461,233,382]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA9FFD3C206C6F691D04A1C" collectionCode="DHMECN" collectorName="El Retiro" country="Ecuador" elevation="1330" latitude="-3.61847" location="El Oro Province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.58072" pageId="27" specimenCode="DHMECN 13723, DHMECN 13730" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="25" stateProvince="El Oro Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C6F6905C4A3C" box="[810,1081,233,257]" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFA9FFD3C206C6F697ED4A3C" box="[810,904,233,256]" pageId="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 9;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C2C8C6F690424A3D" box="[996,1063,233,257]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-95@28.[161,1441,144,1685]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype DHMECN 13729, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm." pageId="27">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
All from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFA9FFD3C588C6F6909F4A3D" box="[1188,1274,233,257]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFA9FFD3C429C6F691D54A3D" box="[1285,1456,233,257]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="27">El Oro Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFA9FFD3C200C717905F4A63" pageId="27">
|
||||
El Retiro,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C2BBC71790304A1C" box="[919,1109,264,288]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 13723</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C54DC71791784A1C" box="[1121,1309,264,288]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 13730</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C409C71791D44A1C" box="[1317,1457,264,288]" pageId="27" type="adult">adult females</specimenCount>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA9FFD3C206C738905B4A63" collectingDate="2017-07-03" collectionCode="DHMECN" collectorName="El Retiro" country="Ecuador" elevation="1330" latitude="-3.61847" location="All" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.58072" pageId="27" specimenCode="DHMECN 13724-26, DHMECN 13728" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="25" stateProvince="El Oro" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C206C73890684A03" box="[810,1037,295,319]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 13724–26</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C53BC73890B44A03" box="[1047,1233,295,319]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 13728</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C5FBC73891284A03" box="[1239,1357,295,319]" pageId="27" type="adult">adult males</specimenCount>
|
||||
; collected with the holotype. Sinsao,
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</collectorName>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFA9FFD3C56BC75891D64A42" collectionCode="DHMECN" collectorName="El Retiro" country="Ecuador" elevation="1330" latitude="-3.61847" location="All" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-79.58072" pageId="27" specimenCode="DHMECN 12527" specimenCount="26" specimenCount-adult="25" stateProvince="El Oro" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED6DAE54FFA9FFD3C56BC75890DF4A63" box="[1095,1210,327,351]" pageId="27">DHMECN</collectionCode>
|
||||
12524–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C43FC759910C4A63" box="[1299,1385,326,351]" count="25" pageId="27" type="adult">25 adult</specimenCount>
|
||||
males;
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFA9FFD3C206C77997864A42" box="[810,995,358,382]" collectionCode="DHMECN" pageId="27">DHMECN 12527</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFA9FFD3C2CAC779904C4A42" box="[998,1065,358,382]" pageId="27" type="female">female</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA9FFD3C518C77990C74A42" box="[1076,1186,358,382]" degrees="3.61847" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" precision="1" value="-3.61847">3.61847°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFA9FFD3C585C77991484A42" box="[1193,1325,358,382]" degrees="79.58072" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" precision="1" value="-79.58072">79.58072°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFA9FFD3C414C77991D64A42" box="[1336,1459,358,382]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1330.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA9FFD3C414C77991E14A41" box="[1336,1412,358,382]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1330.0">1330 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C206C78091094A8B" blockId="27.[810,1388,415,439]" box="[810,1388,415,439]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C780900E4A8B" box="[810,1131,415,439]" italics="true" pageId="27">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
DiCaprio’s leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C206C7C697F4492C" blockId="27.[810,1459,473,528]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C7C690FD4ACC" box="[810,1176,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="27">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca de DiCaprio.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD3C206C42E90054D08" blockId="27.[809,1461,561,1588]" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C42E97EB4975" box="[810,910,561,585]" italics="true" pageId="27">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C28FC42E97944975" box="[931,1009,561,585]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-95@28.[161,1441,144,1685]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype DHMECN 13729, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm." pageId="27">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFA9FFD3C52CC42E907F4975" box="[1024,1050,561,585]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="29.[112,177,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-482@29.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 17. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Photographs of right hand and left foot of the holotype DHMECN 13729." pageId="27">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA9FFD3C500C42E90E34975" box="[1068,1158,561,585]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="27">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA9FFD3C593C42E90A94975" box="[1215,1228,561,585]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="27">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C5E1C42D90BA4975" box="[1229,1247,562,585]" italics="true" pageId="27">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C52FC44E901A4955" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1027,1151,593,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C52FC44E901A4955" box="[1027,1151,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="27">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on head, dorsum and flanks shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, dorsal limb skin smooth with dispersed low warts, ventral skin and posterior surface of legs areolate, discoidal fold present; (2) tympanic membrane undifferentiated, tympanic annulus present but weakly defined, small supratympanic fold present, row of postrictal tubercles present; (3) snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits and nuptial pads absent; (7) fingers not expanded distally, finger tips acuminate without papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes, well-defined pads without circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt or T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3; (10) ulnar tubercles usually present; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one conical tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle large, elongate in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, bigger than conical outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and lacking papillae; supernumerary tubercles, lateral fringes, and toe basal webbing absent; all toes bearing ill-defined circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in life, dorsum brown, with two suprainguinal spots, dark or light middorsal stripe and dark marks and chevrons in some specimens; dark mask (but faint in some specimens), extending onto darker flanks; arms brown, with dark marks usually forming bands; ventral surfaces of body and legs light brown, with small cream flecks and dots; and (15) SVL in adult males
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA9FFD3C2E2C3E2905D4D28" box="[974,1080,1533,1557]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.262" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="12.62">12.62 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C560C3E2903A4D28" box="[1100,1119,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="27">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 7) and SVL in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFA9FFD3C206C00397F04D0F" box="[810,917,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.293" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="12.93">12.93 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C28AC00297DC4D08" box="[934,953,1565,1588]" italics="true" pageId="27">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 3) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFA9FFD3C52EC003902A4D08" box="[1026,1103,1564,1588]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="27">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFA9FFD4C206C04990914C9A" blockId="27.[810,1465,1621,1990]" lastBlockId="28.[825,1474,1841,1959]" lastPageId="28" pageId="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C04990FE4D51" box="[810,1179,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="27">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C283C04A90FE4D51" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[943,1179,1621,1645]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles the other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C206C06A97C44DB1" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[810,929,1653,1677]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C206C06A97C44DB1" box="[810,929,1653,1677]" italics="true" pageId="27">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the western foothills of Ecuadorian Andes,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C488C06A97AE4D90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C488C06A97AE4D90" italics="true" pageId="27">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C2FAC08A90574D90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[982,1074,1684,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C2FAC08A90574D90" box="[982,1074,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C511C08A90F74D90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1085,1170,1684,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C511C08A90F74D90" box="[1085,1170,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C5E6C08A91514D90" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1226,1332,1684,1708]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C5E6C08A91514D90" box="[1226,1332,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by having a tympanic annulus, supernumerary palmar tubercles, fingers not expanded distally, and circumferential grooves on toes. It differs from all of them by lacking vocal slits. Besides,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C435C0EC91ED4C36" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1305,1416,1778,1802]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C435C0EC91ED4C36" box="[1305,1416,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C2BCC10D902F4C15" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[912,1098,1809,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C2BCC10D902F4C15" box="[912,1098,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having a round snout in dorsal view (snout truncate in dorsal view in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C5EAC12E91E44C75" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1222,1409,1841,1865]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C5EAC12E91E44C75" box="[1222,1409,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), by having a supratympanic fold (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C5E8C14E911E4C54" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1220,1403,1872,1896]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C5E8C14E911E4C54" box="[1220,1403,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="27">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and three phalanges in finger IV (finger IV with two phalanges in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFA9FFD3C488C16F97AE4C9B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFA9FFD3C488C16F97AE4C9B" italics="true" pageId="27">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and by the absence of circumferential grooves in fingers and supernumerary plantar tubercles (both present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C1B0C12D95304C75" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[156,341,1841,1865]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cerrogolondrinas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C1B0C12D95304C75" box="[156,341,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="28">P. cerrogolondrinas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C041C12D96254C75" box="[365,576,1841,1865]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C041C12D96254C75" box="[365,576,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="28">Pristimantis dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C3D5C12D94A34C54" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C3D5C12D94A34C54" italics="true" pageId="28">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having toes distally expanded (slightly expanded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C3D5C14E94A34CBB" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Guayasamin & Teran-Valdez" baseAuthorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coloma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C3D5C14E94A34CBB" italics="true" pageId="28">P. coloma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C03FC16F95034CBB" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[275,358,1903,1927]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C03FC16F95034CBB" box="[275,358,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="28">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having acuminate toe tips (rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C1ACC18F94B34C9B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[128,214,1935,1959]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mindo">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C1ACC18F94B34C9B" box="[128,214,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="28">P. mindo</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C07BC18F95A64C9B" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[343,451,1935,1959]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C07BC18F95A64C9B" box="[343,451,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="28">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the absence supernumerary plantar tubercles (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C547C12D90BD4C75" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1131,1240,1841,1865]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C547C12D90BD4C75" box="[1131,1240,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="28">P. worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and by the mask extending to the groins (mask extending to flank half in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C46BC14E91CA4C54" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[1351,1455,1872,1896]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="worleyae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C46BC14E91CA4C54" box="[1351,1455,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="28">P.worleyae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C547C17091544CBB" box="[1131,1329,1903,1927]" pageId="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C547C17090874CBB" box="[1131,1250,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="28">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFAEFFD4C571C19090D44C9B" box="[1117,1201,1935,1959]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="28">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFAEFFD4C5CDC190908B4C9B" box="[1249,1262,1935,1959]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="28">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFAEFFD4C1ADC0AE969E4C3C" pageId="28" startId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" targetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAEFFD4C1ADC0AE969E4C3C" blockId="28.[129,1467,1713,1793]" pageId="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C1ADC0AE94804DF5" bold="true" box="[129,229,1713,1737]" pageId="28">Figure 16.</emphasis>
|
||||
Preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAEFFD4C0E0C0AE96C64DF5" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[460,675,1713,1737]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C0E0C0AE96C64DF5" bold="true" box="[460,675,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="28">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAEFFD4C555C0AE91474DF5" box="[1145,1314,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="28">DHMECN 13729</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFAFFFD5C15CC25C94D64F4B" pageId="29" startId="29.[112,177,1091,1115]" targetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD5C15CC25C94D64F4B" blockId="29.[112,1434,1091,1144]" pageId="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C15CC25C94B14F67" bold="true" box="[112,212,1091,1115]" pageId="29">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFAFFFD5C364C25C977A4F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[584,799,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C364C25C977A4F67" bold="true" box="[584,799,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="29">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of right hand and left foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C41EC25B94C84F44" italics="true" pageId="29">DHMECN 13729</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD5C15DC2B794944E60" blockId="29.[112,763,1191,1968]" pageId="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C15DC2B795954F83" box="[113,496,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="29">
|
||||
Description of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFAFFFD5C029C2B895324F83" box="[261,343,1191,1215]" pageId="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFAFFFD5C040C2B795D04F83" box="[364,437,1191,1215]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-95@28.[161,1441,144,1685]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype DHMECN 13729, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm." pageId="29">Figs 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFAFFFD5C0EFC2B795B84FFC" box="[451,477,1192,1216]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="29.[112,177,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-482@29.[306,1266,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Figure 17. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Photographs of right hand and left foot of the holotype DHMECN 13729." pageId="29">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult male (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C3A6C2B794D74FE3" italics="true" pageId="29">DHMECN 13729</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 12.9; tibia length, 5.5; foot length, 4.9; head length, 3.0; head width, 3.5; eye diameter, 1.5; tympanum diameter, 0.5; interorbital distance, 1.3; upper eyelid width, 0.8; internarial distance, 1.3; eye–nostril distance 0.8.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD5C1A1C37C95AA4D4A" blockId="29.[112,763,1191,1968]" pageId="29">Head wider than long, head slightly narrower than body; canthus rostralis weakly defined; loreal region slightly concave in dorsal view; cranial crests absent; upper eyelid bearing no tubercles. Tympanic annulus weakly defined, differentiated in its anterior and inferior portions; tympanic membrane undifferentiated from the surrounding skin; small supratympanic fold present; postrictal tubercles present. Snout round in dorsal and lateral views, without rostral papilla. Vomerine teeth absent; vocal slits and nuptial pads absent.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD5C1A1C06291584FE3" blockId="29.[112,763,1191,1968]" lastBlockId="29.[809,1461,1191,1686]" pageId="29">Skin on head, dorsum, and flanks shagreen, limbs smooth dorsally, with dispersed low warts; skin on posterior surfaces of legs and venter areolate; dorsolateral folds absent; discoidal fold present. Ulnar tubercle small and low; palmar tubercles prominent, outer palmar tubercle slightly elongate, thenar tubercle large and elongate, both rounded in lateral view; subarticular tubercles well defined, round in ventral and lateral views; distal subarticular tubercles not visible; supernumerary tubercles visible; thin lateral dermal fringes present, discs bearing well-defined pads without circumferential grooves, fingers not expanded distally, tip of fingers acuminate, without papillae; relative length of fingers I <II <IV <III; phalangeal formula of 2-2-3-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD5C269C2F991C74DAA" blockId="29.[809,1461,1191,1686]" pageId="29">Hindlimbs robust; heel and knee without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent, outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, prominent, and conical; inner metatarsal tubercle large, elongate in ventral view, rounded in lateral view; outer metatarsal tubercle small, well defined, prominent, rounded in ventral view, conical in lateral view; supernumerary plantar tubercles absent; subarticular tubercles well defined, round and prominent in dorsal view, toes without lateral fringes; basal webbing absent; discs rounded and bearing well-defined rounded pads; circumferential grooves present, ill defined; toes expanded distally, tip of toes acuminate without papillae; relative length of toes is I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III surpasses the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; toe V reaches the proximal border of the second tubercle of toe IV).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFAFFFD6C206C0A896884A19" blockId="29.[809,1461,1719,1962]" lastBlockId="30.[128,779,144,293]" lastPageId="30" pageId="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFAFFFD5C206C0A890474DF3" box="[810,1058,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="29">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFAFFFD5C2A0C0A897BB4DF3" box="[908,990,1719,1743]" pageId="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsum brown, with darker, scattered marks and chevrons, two suprainguinal spots and a middorsal cream stripe extending to the vent. Cloacal region dark brown, with a cream stripe extending towards each hindlimb along the posterior surface of the thigh, ventral surface of shank, and posterior surface of pes, ending at the inner metatarsal tubercle. Faint dark mask present, extending from the tip of the snout to the groins, bordering dorsally dark flanks.Lips with dark vertical bars. Arms and legs brown, with dark marks usually forming bands. Ventral surfaces of body and legs light brown, with small cream flecks and dots. A mid-ventral pale stripe extends from the throat to the vent; a pale stripe extends ventrally along each hindlimb, joining the midventral pale stripe to form a cross on the chest.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC75094DC4ABB" blockId="30.[129,778,335,391]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC75095AE4A5B" box="[129,459,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C1CDC75095564A5B" box="[225,307,335,359]" pageId="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Similar to coloration in life but paler.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC7B695F44889" blockId="30.[127,779,424,949]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC7B695234A83" box="[129,326,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C1C3C7B695564AFC" box="[239,307,424,448]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="28.[129,194,1713,1737]" captionTargetBox="[165,1433,153,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-95@28.[161,1441,144,1685]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Figure 16. Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes dicaprioi. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype DHMECN 13729, adult male, SVL = 10.7 mm; B, paratype DHMECN 13723, adult female, SVL = 12.84 mm; C, paratype DHMECN 13725, adult male, SVL = 12.85 mm; and D, paratype DHMECN 13730, adult female, SVL = 13.56 mm." pageId="30">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C07AC7B7959F4AFC" box="[342,506,424,448]" count="4" pageId="30" type="generic">Four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have an almost unnoticeable tympanic membrane and annulus, on one or both sides (DHMECN 12524–5 and 13724–25). Ulnar tubercles absent in all
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C192C41995464922" box="[190,291,518,542]" pageId="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C003C41995BB4922" box="[303,478,518,542]" count="3" pageId="30" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have the dorsum paler than the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C183C43A95684901" box="[175,269,549,573]" pageId="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, without dark marks except for suprainguinal spots (DHMECN 13723, 13726, and 12524). One individual is similar to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C00AC47B95E74940" box="[294,386,612,636]" pageId="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in having a pale mid-dorsal stripe but lacks dark marks, except for suprainguinal spots.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C341C49B976E49A7" box="[621,779,643,667]" count="2" pageId="30" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have a darker brown dorsum than the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C32BC4BC96064987" box="[519,611,675,699]" pageId="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
and a faint dark mid-dorsal stripe and inverted-V chevrons (DHMECN 12527 and 13720).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C026C4FE95C449C5" box="[266,417,737,761]" count="1" pageId="30" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
has a dark hourglass-shaped large mark on the dorsum DHMECN 13725.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C33DC51E96C64825" box="[529,675,769,793]" count="1" pageId="30" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
has a faint midventral pale stripe, but no stripes on ventral surfaces of the arms (DHMECN 13728).
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C0BEC55F9655486B" box="[402,560,831,855]" count="2" pageId="30" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
have faint pale stripes along hindlegs (DHMECN 13724 and 13728). Midventral and hindleg stripes are absent in all
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C0E1C561965748AA" box="[461,562,894,918]" pageId="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C06CC58295EE4889" box="[320,395,925,949]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="30">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC5C896534FF6" blockId="30.[128,778,983,1226]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC5C895394F32" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C396C5C8969248D3" box="[698,759,983,1007]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C1ADC5E995394F32" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[129,348,1014,1038]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">Phyllonastes dicaprioi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known from the Western Montane Forest of the province
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFACFFD6C049C20A95CE4F11" box="[357,427,1045,1069]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="30">El Oro</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFACFFD6C098C20A966E4F11" box="[436,523,1045,1069]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, between 1330 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C3F9C20A94F34F70" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.705" pageId="30" unit="m" value="1705.0">1705 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l. Individuals were collected at night on the ground, buried in leaf litter. Because of the lack of information on population size and geographical range, we suggest assigning
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C3ADC26B968A4FB7" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[641,751,1139,1163]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C3ADC26B968A4FB7" box="[641,751,1139,1163]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FFACFFD6C3EBC28C96404FF6" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="30" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC2F496A54EBD" blockId="30.[128,778,1259,1409]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC2F494954E3F" box="[129,240,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="30">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C098C2F4966F4E3F" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[436,522,1259,1283]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dicaprioi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C098C2F4966F4E3F" box="[436,522,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="30">dicaprioi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a patronym honouring Leonardo DiCaprio, actor, film producer, and conservationist. He has voiced his support for several conservation initiatives in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFACFFD6C1AEC35694B94E5D" box="[130,220,1353,1377]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; and in 2021, he pledged funds for the conservation and ecosystem restoration of the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFACFFD6C08FC37696394EBD" box="[419,604,1385,1409]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="30">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFACFFD6C349C37696D84EBD" box="[613,701,1385,1409]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
451
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA.xml
Normal file
451
data/03/D5/87/03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,451 @@
|
|||
<document id="2F9C30814270FEC889F013CEA09FE889" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7-01-2184" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1738158242914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ortega, Jhael A., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Camper, Jeffrey D., Romero-Carvajal, Andrés, Negrete, Leonardo & Ron, Santiago R." docDate="2025" docId="03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae162.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phyllonastes macuma Ortega, Cisneros-Heredia, Camper, Romero-Carvajal, Negrete & Ron, 2025, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" masterDocId="FFECFFFFFFB2FFC8C12CC61F94654B3C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography" updateTime="1738928152996" updateUser="carolina">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="2B1393C3C8EECF2CC0E7F903EF11155C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="A5C4E325DDB8069EAC84B83BFEBC7D61">
|
||||
<mods:title id="5F931E024681708403AF99BD886A81F5">Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="F86343F852D3E84B241F220181DF0523" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="5246AFF45E2CC45A72BEB80EE51AFA94">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="C6DF06CD081486FB4B486B897DA701F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="4356D2C696226BD82E15F6EF44762996">Ortega, Jhael A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="AF75FD89C70DDAE4005C76A19A254E63">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="3DC33A66593C43ECC05AF1C31EA16C31" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="63C61AF4AA7768100417BE0BFC849831">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="42B3F85A21B0A0E8F6D0FC0A3DAE4D16">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3A3613D6870047154E30E58C25E0270E">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="3822515D0946F486DDDC6C119F712BB5">Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Instituto de Biodiversidad Tropical IBIOTROP, Museo de Zoología / Laboratorio de Zoología Terrestre, Quito, Ecuador & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, División de Herpetología, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="1925B751741A00AA050BB1857D54409F" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="17DF6EBC03F53F542F2039AEB50A8127">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D8F2578359B8BD2005814F09BA40BA93">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="1BDF647A4A01EE7EBE2CF9F8D52273BF">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="79DCDB66A7FA88C727B7157FA3BB8BE7">Department of Biology, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC 29506, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="E4E54533B6800700B0C28106F5D8AA39" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="CAB553019DD9AE29AE0D2ABFDA436E49">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D87A3CCB1F5DBF3C8FAEB2B703678F92">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="5D5E26CCC3BC673A8B22B2B9A095E09D">Romero-Carvajal, Andrés</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="333EEADAEBCCE7F27D314B756881787F">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="E62A3B667F08665A6BE573A1D8C21BB1" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="8C8C75DE6E2EC59D1E01AA049D565B91">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="6305A289E39EF84BB2C3179AAA77CA02">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="C86C1034C66E3B3701DDE34DD2570CF0">Negrete, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A774B23E2854C001D0E474E7877593BA">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="B4E3E7D151D3675798B4A9380BAD2EC7" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="2A6E9B61635C4D5AAA7A85A38340CFC3">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="CF90B9C1ED3E14C30164CD7D425D474A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3302D85B73A20FB8F32CF7F93301EB02">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F09E82678EE69F573F0469856026AD66">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Apartado 17 - 01 - 2184, Quito, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0D50D293C1C6580AF8A7FE18A9D56BD" type="email">santiago.r.ron@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="D80B038AFC7F2E57A1CEF4462B113D12">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="CD7231A79613C981489F53656C000F18" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="DA431919A2DE65267093CF2875B70448">
|
||||
<mods:title id="C36E1F179F585F33DE917A62DD990AC1">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="291115BBD40AEB5E1FC812EC2937599A">
|
||||
<mods:date id="4864D9F849745EECC758DAD31D0E24BC">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="75DDA025F0C16D4BA325A597FDE40D75" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="B6BD31154EC822E566862AA103215152">2025-01-13</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="EA48CA2C4278F5D0A6DAE265F7A2A6FF" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="E4578AE2F2A3D637CB272FF16DCE2F26">203</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="B4135AA48AC7C2AABD565CB9FB02DDA0" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="12F3FA14314B06A9C0B0F8FCA594456A">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="A15F82FB8D4DF418CEA487131000C02B">
|
||||
<mods:url id="2784F28644FB9A724008F469F2FB8041">https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="8A42799C1909B8EA5658471127873AAC">journal volume</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="8546375BA4D2EAD36DA01327D948BC3A" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="84AAB2185622D7F13D18BF6B789FEBDA" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="29B5DB68E2BD049E91A15CD3AB6A71F5" type="ZooBank">7-01-2184</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA" lastPageId="32" pageId="30">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C01CC3BF963C4E86" box="[304,601,1440,1467]" pageId="30" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C01CC3BF963C4E86" blockId="30.[129,777,1440,1534]" box="[304,601,1440,1467]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C01CC3BF963C4E86" bold="true" box="[304,601,1440,1467]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C01CC3BF966C4E87" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[304,521,1440,1467]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C01CC3BF966C4E87" bold="true" box="[304,521,1440,1467]" italics="true" pageId="30">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B57F8FFACFFD6C321C3BF963C4E86" box="[525,601,1440,1466]" pageId="30" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C1ADC3D895494EC2" pageId="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC3D895494EC2" blockId="30.[129,777,1440,1534]" pageId="30">
|
||||
LSID:
|
||||
<uri id="FFED3A93FFACFFD6C1E3C3D995494EC2" pageId="30">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFDA0C44FFACFFD6C0E1C3D995494EC2" pageId="30">B8D4C8B8-DED1-4475-8400- 482B0FBCB719</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C1ADC00096694C96" pageId="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC00096E04D89" blockId="30.[129,778,1567,1717]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFACFFD6C1ADC00096E04D89" collectingDate="2008-12-30" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" county="Canton Macas" elevation="1361" latitude="-2.0901" location="Cordillera del Kutuku" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7661" municipality="Macuma Parish" pageId="30" specimenCode="QCAZ 40180, SC-PUCE 24877" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC00096F94D0B" box="[129,668,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C1ADC00094BF4D0B" box="[129,218,1567,1591]" pageId="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C1DCC03F95284D0B" box="[240,333,1567,1591]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[115,180,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,150,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-96@25.[202,1370,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14.Skulls of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180." pageId="30">Figs 14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C072C00095EC4D0B" box="[350,393,1567,1591]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[319,1280,151,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-62@26.[307,1296,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064, SVL = 18.07 mm. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875, SVL = 14.11 mm. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180, SVL = 11.92 mm. D, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583, SVL = 11.13 mm." pageId="30">15C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C0B7C00095D04D0B" box="[411,437,1567,1591]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="30">18</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C0EAC00095854D0B" box="[454,480,1567,1591]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="32.[128,193,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-446@32.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 19. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes macuma. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 40180." pageId="30">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFACFFD6C326C03F96F94D0B" box="[522,668,1567,1591]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="30" type="Museum">QCAZ 40180</specimenCode>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(field no.
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFACFFD6C1ADC020955D4D6B" box="[129,312,1599,1623]" collectionCode="SC-PUCE" pageId="30">SC-PUCE 24877</specimenCode>
|
||||
) adult male from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFACFFD6C0D9C02096294D6B" box="[501,588,1599,1623]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFACFFD6C37BC02094B84D4A" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="30">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62A24E1DFFACFFD6C1DFC04195F04D49" box="[243,405,1630,1654]" pageId="30">Canton Macas</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFACFFD6C080C041963F4D4A" box="[428,602,1630,1654]" pageId="30">Macuma Parish</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C343C04194B54DA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C343C04194B54DA9" country="Ecuador" county="Canton Macas" latitude="-2.0901" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7661" municipality="Macuma Parish" name="Cordillera del Kutuku" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Cordillera del Kutuku</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C1F7C06295724DA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C1F7C06295724DA9" box="[219,279,1661,1685]" country="Ecuador" county="Canton Macas" latitude="-2.0901" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7661" municipality="Macuma Parish" name="Wisiu" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Wisiu</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C009C06295E34DA9" box="[293,390,1661,1685]" degrees="2.0901" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-2.0901">2.0901°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C0BDC062966F4DA9" box="[401,522,1661,1685]" degrees="77.7661" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-77.7661">77.7661°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFACFFD6C331C06296FA4DA9" box="[541,671,1661,1685]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.361" pageId="30" unit="m" value="1361.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C331C06296084DA9" box="[541,621,1661,1685]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.361" pageId="30" unit="m" value="1361.0">1361 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
Collected by
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C18DC08295F34D89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C18DC08295F34D89" box="[161,406,1693,1717]" country="Ecuador" county="Canton Macas" latitude="-2.0901" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7661" municipality="Macuma Parish" name="Octavio Jimenez Robles" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago">Octavio Jiménez Robles</location>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFACFFD6C097C08296E44D89" box="[443,641,1693,1717]" pageId="30" value="2008-12-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFACFFD6C097C08296E44D89" box="[443,641,1693,1717]" pageId="30" value="2008-12-30">30 December 2008</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C1ADC0C896694C96" blockId="30.[129,778,1750,1962]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFACFFD6C1ADC0C8950A4C57" collectingDate="2008-12-18" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Octavio Jimenez Robles" country="Ecuador" county="All" elevation="955" latitude="-2.1066" location="Macuma Parish" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7627" municipality="Canton Macas" pageId="30" specimenCode="QCAZ 40181" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C1ADC0C895F54DD1" box="[129,400,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C1ADC0C894854DD2" box="[129,224,1751,1774]" pageId="30" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(N = 2;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C017C0C8951B4DD2" box="[315,382,1750,1774]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="30">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
All from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F36B7601FFACFFD6C0D4C0C9962A4DD2" box="[504,591,1750,1774]" name="Ecuador" pageId="30">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49B8F873FFACFFD6C375C0C994B84C31" country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="30">Morona Santiago Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA7ACEBFFACFFD6C1D8C0EA95F34C31" box="[244,406,1781,1805]" pageId="30">Canton Macas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C081C0E9963E4C31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C081C0E9963E4C31" box="[429,603,1781,1805]" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-2.1066" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7627" municipality="Canton Macas" name="Macuma Parish" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Macuma Parish</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C35CC0EA94B54C11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C35CC0EA94B54C11" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-2.1066" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7627" municipality="Canton Macas" name="Cordillera del Kutuku" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Cordillera del Kutuku</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EA3604AFFACFFD6C1C8C10A95414C11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D58787FFACFFE8C01CC3BF90C44ECA:8EA3604AFFACFFD6C1C8C10A95414C11" box="[228,292,1813,1837]" country="Ecuador" county="All" latitude="-2.1066" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7627" municipality="Canton Macas" name="Wisiu" pageId="30" stateProvince="Morona Santiago Province">Wisiu</location>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFACFFD6C01BC10A95B44C11" box="[311,465,1813,1837]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="30" type="Museum">QCAZ 40181</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C0CDC10A96E84C11" box="[481,653,1813,1837]" pageId="30" type="subadult">subadult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C388C10A97634C11" box="[676,774,1813,1837]" degrees="2.1066" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-2.1066">2.1066°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C1ADC12B949D4C70" box="[129,248,1844,1868]" degrees="77.7627" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-77.7627">77.7627°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFACFFD6C02BC12B951A4C70" box="[263,383,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.55" pageId="30" unit="m" value="955.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C02BC12B952E4C77" box="[263,331,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.55" pageId="30" unit="m" value="955.0">955 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
, collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFACFFD6C323C12B976C4C70" box="[527,777,1844,1868]" pageId="30">Octavio Jiménez Robles</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFACFFD6C188C14C950A4C57" box="[164,367,1875,1899]" pageId="30" value="2008-12-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFACFFD6C188C14C950A4C57" box="[164,367,1875,1899]" pageId="30" value="2008-12-18">18 December 2008</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B143CCCFFACFFD6C050C14C966D4C96" collectingDate="2009-12-07" collectionCode="QCAZ" collectorName="Ignacio de la Riva & Octavio Jimenez" country="Ecuador" elevation="650" latitude="-2.1111" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-77.7391" pageId="30" specimenCode="QCAZ 46352" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morona-Santiago" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBDA9EEAFFACFFD6C050C14C96684C57" box="[380,525,1875,1899]" collectionCode="QCAZ" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="30" type="Museum">QCAZ 46352</specimenCode>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D7AFD18FFACFFD6C339C14C96F04C57" box="[533,661,1875,1899]" pageId="30" type="adult">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C389C14C97604C57" box="[677,773,1875,1899]" degrees="2.1111" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-2.1111">2.1111°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE485056FFACFFD6C1ADC16C949C4CB7" box="[129,249,1907,1931]" degrees="77.7391" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" precision="5" value="-77.7391">77.7391°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<elevation id="0051D1A2FFACFFD6C025C16D95E14CB7" box="[265,388,1906,1931]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="30" unit="m" value="650.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C025C16D952B4CB6" box="[265,334,1906,1930]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="30" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l.
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
, collected by
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFACFFD6C335C16C96BC4CB7" box="[537,729,1907,1931]" pageId="30">Ignacio de la Riva</collectorName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="26895347FFACFFD6C1ADC18D954F4C96" box="[129,298,1938,1962]" pageId="30">Octavio Jiménez</collectorName>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFC21051FFACFFD6C063C18D966D4C96" box="[335,520,1938,1962]" pageId="30" value="2009-12-07">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EF86E9B9FFACFFD6C063C18D966D4C96" box="[335,520,1938,1962]" pageId="30" value="2009-12-07">7 December 2009</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C215C68F91A64BDD" pageId="30" type="vernacular_names">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C215C68F910D4B94" blockId="30.[825,1384,144,168]" box="[825,1384,144,168]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C68F901E4B94" box="[825,1147,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="30">Proposed standard English name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Macuma leaflitter frog.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C215C6D691A64BDD" blockId="30.[825,1475,201,225]" box="[825,1475,201,225]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C6D690194BDD" box="[825,1148,201,225]" italics="true" pageId="30">Proposed standard Spanish name:</emphasis>
|
||||
Cutín de Hojarasca de Macuma.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C215C71C979D4FFB" pageId="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C215C71C979D4FFB" blockId="30.[824,1476,258,1223]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C71C97FF4A27" box="[825,922,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="30">Definition</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C281C71C906E4A27" box="[941,1035,259,283]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="25.[115,180,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[222,1354,150,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-96@25.[202,1370,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 14.Skulls of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180." pageId="30">Figs 14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C535C71D90234A26" box="[1049,1094,258,282]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="26.[129,194,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[319,1280,151,1731]" captionTargetId="figure-62@26.[307,1296,144,1744]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 15. Skeletons of Phyllonastes species. A, Phyllonastes ecuadoriensis QCAZ 57064, SVL = 18.07 mm. B, Phyllonastes heyeri QCAZ 24875, SVL = 14.11 mm. C, Phyllonastes macuma QCAZ 40180, SVL = 11.92 mm. D, Phyllonastes myrmecoides QCAZ 53583, SVL = 11.13 mm." pageId="30">15C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C57FC71C90084A27" box="[1107,1133,259,283]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="30">18</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C557C71C90F04A27" box="[1147,1173,259,283]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="32.[128,193,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-446@32.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 19. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes macuma. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 40180." pageId="30">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C589C71C90994A27" box="[1189,1276,259,283]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="30">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C41FC71C91254A27" box="[1331,1344,259,283]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="30">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C46CC71C91374A26" box="[1344,1362,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="30">):</emphasis>
|
||||
We assign the new species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C54DC73D90BD4A06" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1121,1240,290,314]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C54DC73D90BD4A06" box="[1121,1240,290,314]" italics="true" pageId="30">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its phylogenetic relationships. The new species is characterized by: (1) skin on dorsum smooth to finely shagreen, dorsolateral folds absent, ventral surfaces smooth to weakly areolate, discoidal fold present, skin on flanks finely shagreen; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus present, supratympanic fold absent, postrictal tubercle ill defined; (3) snout broadly rounded in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view; (4) upper eyelid without tubercles, cranial crests absent; (5) vomerine teeth absent; (6) vocal slits present, nuptial pads absent; (7) fingers not expanded distally, finger tips acuminate, without papillae, finger I shorter than finger II, supernumerary tubercles present; (8) fingers bearing narrow lateral fringes, ill-defined pads lacking circumferential grooves; (9) distal phalanges blunt to T-shaped, phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3; (10) ulnar tubercles absent; (11) knees and heels without tubercles, outer edge of tarsus without tubercles, inner edge of tarsus bearing one rounded tubercle; (12) inner metatarsal tubercle elongate in ventral view and rounded in lateral view, bigger than rounded outer metatarsal tubercle; (13) toes expanded distally, with acuminate toe tips and bearing papillae, supernumerary tubercles ill defined, narrow lateral fringes on toes, toe basal webbing present between toes I and II, all toes bearing well-defined circumferential grooves, toe V shorter than toe III; (14) in preserved specimens, dorsum cream bearing dark brown flecks, back with two ill-defined chevrons of anterior vertex, dark brown blotches at the level of the sacrum, facial mask dark brown extending from the tip of snout up to halfway down the flanks, cream ventral surfaces; (15) SVL in adult males
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C29BC290907A4F9B" box="[951,1055,1167,1191]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.192" pageId="30" unit="mm" value="11.92">11.92 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C51DC28F90214F9B" box="[1073,1092,1168,1191]" italics="true" pageId="30">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 1) and in adult females
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FFACFFD6C476C29091A74F9B" box="[1370,1474,1167,1191]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.449" pageId="30" unit="mm" value="14.49">14.49 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C268C2B097324FFA" box="[836,855,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="30">N</emphasis>
|
||||
= 1) (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C2B0C2B097824FFB" box="[924,999,1199,1223]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="30">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFD6C215C2F697934DE9" pageId="30" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C215C2F697934DE9" blockId="30.[825,1479,1256,1750]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C2F690EC4E3C" box="[825,1161,1256,1280]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
Diagnosis:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C298C2F790EC4E3C" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[948,1161,1256,1280]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">Phyllonastes macuma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
resembles its closest species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C215C31797FC4E23" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[825,921,1287,1311]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C31797FC4E23" box="[825,921,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C28AC31790594E23" box="[934,1084,1287,1311]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C28AC31790594E23" box="[934,1084,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C55BC31791664E23" box="[1143,1283,1287,1311]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C55BC31791664E23" box="[1143,1283,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by having a tympanic annulus, tympanic membrane, fingers not expanded, and acuminate toe tips. It differs from all of them by having broadly rounded snout in dorsal view (rounded in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C5C7C37991224E41" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1259,1351,1381,1405]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C5C7C37991224E41" box="[1259,1351,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, truncate in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C216C39A97A84EA1" box="[826,973,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C216C39A97A84EA1" box="[826,973,1413,1437]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and rounded inner tarsal tubercle (conical in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C49FC39A97E54E80" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C49FC39A97E54E80" italics="true" pageId="30">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C299C3BA90224E80" box="[949,1095,1444,1468]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C299C3BA90224E80" box="[949,1095,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and subconical in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C43CC3BA91FE4E80" box="[1296,1435,1444,1468]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C43CC3BA91FE4E80" box="[1296,1435,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C2CCC3DB900F4EE7" box="[992,1130,1475,1499]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C2CCC3DB900F4EE7" box="[992,1130,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having papillae on toe tips (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C251C3FC90634EC7" box="[893,1030,1507,1531]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sardinayacu">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C251C3FC90634EC7" box="[893,1030,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="30">P.sardinayacu</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C58BC3FC91674EC7" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1191,1282,1507,1531]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C58BC3FC91674EC7" box="[1191,1282,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="30">P.lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C41CC3FC91A44EC7" box="[1328,1473,1507,1531]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C41CC3FC91A44EC7" box="[1328,1473,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="30">P.myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having three phalanges in finger IV (only two phalanges on finger IV in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C29AC03D90704D05" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[950,1045,1569,1593]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C29AC03D90704D05" box="[950,1045,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C56BC03D90BC4D05" box="[1095,1241,1569,1593]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C56BC03D90BC4D05" box="[1095,1241,1569,1593]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), vocal slits (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C217C05E97F84D65" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[827,925,1601,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lochites">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C217C05E97F84D65" box="[827,925,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. lochites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C2FBC05E900A4D65" box="[983,1135,1601,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C2FBC05E900A4D65" box="[983,1135,1601,1625]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), supernumerary plantar tubercles (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C2F4C07E90084D44" box="[984,1133,1632,1656]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C2F4C07E90084D44" box="[984,1133,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and by the absence of papillae on fingertips (present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C518C09F90A24DAB" box="[1076,1223,1663,1687]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myrmecoides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C518C09F90A24DAB" box="[1076,1223,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="30">P. myrmecoides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). For a comparison with other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFACFFD6C259C080905F4D8B" box="[885,1082,1695,1719]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C259C08097894D8B" box="[885,1004,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="30">Phyllonastes</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are more phylogenetically distant, see
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C273C0A197D64DEA" box="[863,947,1726,1750]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="11.[109,164,664,689]" captionText="Table 2. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined. Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al.(2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al. (2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al. (2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="30">Tables 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFFACFFD6C2CFC0A197954DEA" box="[995,1008,1726,1750]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="18.[109,164,620,645]" captionText="Table 3. General morphological characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Finger and toe characters of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne species. Abbreviations: A, absent; Exp, expanded; I, indistinct; NExp, not expanded; P, present; SExp, slightly expanded; Und, undifferentiated; Ukn, unknown; Wdef, weakly defined.Character states are based on specimens deposited at Museo de Zoología of Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ) and from the literature: Boulenger (1898), Miranda-Ribeiro (1920), Parker (1926, 1932), Miranda-Ribeiro (1937), Cochran (1955), Lutz (1958), Griffiths (1959), Bokermann (1966), Heyer (1969), Bokermann (1975), Lynch (1975, 1976, 1986), Heyer (1977), De la Riva (1992, 2007), Köhler (2000), Aguayo-Vedia and Harvey (2001), Caramaschi and Pombal (2006), Lehr (2006), Heinicke et al. (2007), De la Riva et al. (2008a, b, 2018), Hedges et al.(2008), Guayasamin and Terán-Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a, b, 2010), Harvey et al. (2013), De la Riva and Burrowes (2014), Catenazzi et al. (2015, 2020), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Mamani et al.(2017), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019, 2020); Santa Cruz et al. (2019), Dubois et al. (2021), Motta et al. (2021), Reyes-Puig et al. (2021)." pageId="30">3</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFFACFFE8C215C0E495D24C5B" lastPageId="32" pageId="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFACFFD6C215C0E490184C93" blockId="30.[825,1475,1787,1967]" pageId="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C215C0E490844C2E" box="[825,1249,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="30">
|
||||
Description of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFACFFD6C2D9C0E490224C2F" box="[1013,1095,1787,1811]" pageId="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C570C0E490C34C2F" box="[1116,1190,1787,1811]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="30">Figs 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFACFFD6C598C0E490AB4C2F" box="[1204,1230,1787,1811]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="32.[128,193,1091,1115]" captionTargetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-446@32.[321,1281,144,1064]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 19. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of Phyllonastes macuma. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype QCAZ 40180." pageId="30">19</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adult male (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFACFFD6C451C0E4971F4C0E" italics="true" pageId="30">QCAZ 40180</emphasis>
|
||||
). Measurements (in millimetres): SVL, 11.92; tibia length, 6.09; foot length, 5.08; head length, 3.64; head width, 4.20; eye diameter, 1.43; tympanum diameter, 0.73; interorbital distance, 1.67; upper eyelid width, 1.04; internarial distance, 1.59; eye–nostril distance, 0.89.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FFADFFD7C15FC296974F4FE5" pageId="31" startId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" targetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C15FC296913C4F9D" blockId="31.[113,1457,1161,1242]" box="[115,1369,1161,1185]" pageId="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFADFFD7C15FC29694BD4F9D" bold="true" box="[115,216,1161,1185]" pageId="31">Figure 18.</emphasis>
|
||||
Preserved specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FFADFFD7C090C29696EA4F9C" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[444,655,1161,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFADFFD7C090C29696EA4F9C" bold="true" box="[444,655,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="31">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFADFFD7C54AC29690824F9D" box="[1126,1255,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="31">QCAZ 40180</emphasis>
|
||||
, adult male,
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C15DC2BA974F4FE5" blockId="31.[113,1457,1161,1242]" pageId="31">SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C1A1C31695A54D20" blockId="31.[112,764,1289,1971]" pageId="31">Head wider than long, head wider than body; canthus rostralis slightly convex in lateral view; loreal region straight in dorsal view; cranial crests absent; upper eyelid bearing no tubercles. Tympanic annulus visible; tympanic membrane present; supratympanic fold absent; postrictal tubercle ill defined on right side (probably lost on left side as a preservation effect). Snout broadly rounded in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view, without rostral papilla. Vomerine teeth absent, vocal slits present, and nuptial pads absent.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C1A1C03C90CE4E7C" blockId="31.[112,764,1289,1971]" lastBlockId="31.[809,1460,1289,1814]" pageId="31">Skin on dorsum smooth and finely shagreen on flanks; dorsolateral folds absent; throat areolate, belly and ventral surface of limbs smooth; skin on cloacal region areolate; discoidal fold not differentiated, probably as a preservation artefact. Ulnar tubercles absent, palmar tubercles prominent, outer palmar tubercle almost twice the size of the thenar tubercle, drop-shaped, with the tip pointing towards the palm and the base towards the wrist; thenar tubercle rounded; subarticular tubercles round in ventral and lateral views, visible only at the base of fingers; supernumerary tubercles present, narrow lateral dermal fringes on fingers, discs not expanded, bearing round and inconspicuous pads (conspicuous only on fingers III), circumferential groove not visible; acuminate fingertips, especially on the third finger, without papilla; relative length of fingers is I <IV <II <III; phalangeal formula of hand is 2-2-3-3.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C269C35790924C2A" blockId="31.[809,1460,1289,1814]" pageId="31">Hindlimbs not robust; heel and knee without tubercles; tarsal folds (inner and outer) absent, outer tarsal tubercles absent; inner tarsal tubercle present, small, prominent, and round; inner metatarsal tubercle prominent, elongated in ventral view and rounded in lateral view; outer metatarsal tubercle well defined and round, more prominent than the inner one; plantar surface bearing rounded, small, and ill-defined supernumerary tubercles; round subarticular tubercles well defined and rounded; toes with narrow lateral dermal fringes; basal webbing only between toes I and II; discs on toes well defined, expanded with acuminate tip, papilla on tip visible on toes III–V; well-defined circumferential grooves; relative lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; toe III longer than toe V (toe III reaches the distal border of the second subarticular tubercle of toe IV; toe V almost reaches the proximal border of the second tubercle of toe IV).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C206C15C90F44C67" blockId="31.[810,1169,1859,1883]" box="[810,1169,1859,1883]" pageId="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFADFFD7C206C15C907B4C67" box="[810,1054,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="31">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFADFFD7C2A6C15C97B94C67" box="[906,988,1859,1883]" pageId="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in life:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FFADFFD7C206C16391D64C88" blockId="31.[810,1459,1916,1972]" pageId="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FFADFFD7C206C16390924CA8" box="[810,1271,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="31">
|
||||
Colour of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FFADFFD7C2BBC163978C4CA8" box="[919,1001,1916,1940]" pageId="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
in preservative (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FFADFFD7C5B1C16290804CA8" box="[1181,1253,1916,1940]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="31">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsum cream, darkening anteriorly, and bearing dark brown flecks. Back with
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C2D3C65591A74B63" blockId="32.[1023,1474,74,96]" box="[1023,1474,74,96]" pageId="32">
|
||||
Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C4A4C65491A74B63" bold="true" box="[1416,1474,74,96]" pageId="32">• 33</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF036619FF92FFE8C1ACC25C91D14F67" box="[128,1460,1091,1116]" pageId="32" startId="32.[128,193,1091,1115]" targetBox="[321,1281,144,1064]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C1ACC25C91D14F67" blockId="32.[128,1460,1091,1116]" box="[128,1460,1091,1116]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C1ACC25C94814F67" bold="true" box="[128,228,1091,1115]" pageId="32">Figure 19.</emphasis>
|
||||
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) surfaces of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF92FFE8C37BC25C974F4F67" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[599,810,1091,1115]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C37BC25C974F4F67" bold="true" box="[599,810,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="32">Phyllonastes macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photographs of left hand and left foot of the holotype
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C402C25B91CA4F60" box="[1326,1455,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="32">QCAZ 40180</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C1ADC29395CF4D27" blockId="32.[128,780,1163,1563]" pageId="32">two chevrons of anterior vertex, poorly defined and dark brown. Dark brown irregular blotches at the level of the sacrum. Dorsal surfaces of limbs cream coloured, with some dark brown spots. The spots are condensed on the elbows and knees. Dark, poorly defined transverse bars on the dorsal surfaces of the limbs. Facial mask dark brown, extending from the tip of snout up to halfway down the flanks. Cream-coloured flanks with brown flecks. Cream ventral surfaces with small dark brown dots that condense towards the throat, making it appear uniformly dark brown. Ventral surfaces of the extremities cream coloured. Thighs and legs with small dark brown dots condensed towards the knees. Dark brown knees and heels. Cloacal region dark brown, much darker dorsally.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C1ADC02995D24C5B" blockId="32.[129,779,1589,1896]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C1ADC02995214D71" box="[129,324,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="32">
|
||||
Variation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C1C2C02995574D72" box="[238,306,1590,1614]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="31.[115,180,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[148,1421,147,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-411@31.[146,1426,144,1133]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 18.Preserved specimens of Phyllonastes macuma. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of: A, holotype QCAZ 40180, adult male, SVL = 11.92 mm; B, paratype QCAZ 46352, adult female, SVL = 14.49 mm; and C, paratype QCAZ 40181, juvenile. Scale bars are given only for preserved adults. Paratype QCAZ 46352 has a missing shank and foot." pageId="32">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In this section, traits refer to preserved individuals. Adult female (QCAZ 46352) is much larger (SVL =
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF92FFE8C1AEC06B94894DB0" box="[130,236,1652,1676]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.449" pageId="32" unit="mm" value="14.49">14.49 mm</quantity>
|
||||
). This specimen differs from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54C78833FF92FFE8C36EC06B96FB4DB0" box="[578,670,1652,1676]" pageId="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
by having a tympanic annulus much more defined, in addition to the postrictal tubercles, dorsum finely shagreen, ventral surfaces weakly areolate, discoidal fold present and well defined, hindlimbs robust, basal webbing absent, paler throat, better-defined transverse bars on the extremities. Dorsal coloration in the subadult female (QCAZ 40181) is generally darker. Morphometric variation is detailed in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6FE032AFF92FFE8C04AC15095D44C54" box="[358,433,1871,1896]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="21.[113,168,1190,1214]" captionText="Table 4. Snout–vent length (SVL; in millimetres) and SD (in parentheses) for adult females and males.of Phyllonastes and Urkuphryne new species. The number of individuals is given in parentheses after the sex.For each group, minimum (Min) and maximum (Max) values are also shown." pageId="32">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF92FFE8C1ADC19E979D4E5C" pageId="32" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C1ADC19E979D4E5C" blockId="32.[129,778,1921,1977]" lastBlockId="32.[825,1474,1163,1376]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C1ADC19E953F4C85" italics="true" pageId="32">
|
||||
Distribution, natural history, and conservation status (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13472A14FF92FFE8C396C19D96924CA6" box="[698,759,1922,1946]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[113,175,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[149,1423,152,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-7@9.[146,1426,149,1779]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3.Collection localities ofNoblella northern clade and southern clade species.The map showsthe geographicalgap between thetwo clades. The dashedlines indicatethe southernmostboundary of thenorthern clade and thenorthernmost boundaryof thesouthern clade.Thequestion marks denote individualsidentified asPhyllonastes myrmecoides whoseidentification has notbeen confirmed; theirlocalities are notassigned toeither clade owingto uncertainty regarding their truespecies assignment.Localities arebased onspecimens deposited at Museode Zoologíaof Pontificia Universidad Católicadel Ecuador(QCAZ), InstitutoNacional deBiodiversidad (DHMECN),Museo deZoología of Universidad SanFrancisco de Quito(ZSFQ),and from Lynch(1976, 1986), Hoogmoed and Lescure (1984),Reichle et al.(2004), Dela Rivaet al.(2008a), Guayasaminand Terán- Valdez (2009), Lehr and Catenazzi (2009a), Harvey et al.(2013), Catenazziet al.(2015), Catenazzi and Ttito (2016, 2018, 2019), Reyes-Puig et al. (2019,2020),Santa Cruz et al.(2019),Reyes-Puig et al.(2021), Frost(2023), and GBIF.org (2023). Abbreviations:H,holotype; NC, notconfirmed." pageId="32">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF92FFE8C1ADC1BE953F4C85" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[129,346,1953,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">Phyllonastes macuma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is known only from the surroundings of Macuma, Wisiu from
|
||||
<quantity id="4C849B74FF92FFE8C568C294908D4F9F" box="[1092,1256,1163,1187]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0055" metricValueMax="1.361" metricValueMin="0.65" pageId="32" unit="m" value="1005.5" valueMax="1361.0" valueMin="650.0">650 to 1361 m</quantity>
|
||||
a.s.l., at the base of Cordillera de Kutuku. It was collected in Eastern Foothill Forest and Eastern Montane Forest. Owing to the lack of ecological and demographic information and uncertainty on its geographical range size, we assign
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF92FFE8C51AC31590C54E1D" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1078,1184,1290,1313]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C51AC31590C54E1D" box="[1078,1184,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="32">P. macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the Data Deficient IUCN Red List Category (based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B60FF92FFE8C557C33797824E5C" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee & Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="32" refId="ref39535" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee, 2023. https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (25 January 2024, date last accessed)." type="url" year="2023">IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C366651AFF92FFE8C215C39E90C44ECA" pageId="32" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BC33691FF92FFE8C215C39E90C44ECA" blockId="32.[825,1475,1409,1527]" pageId="32">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C215C39E97CD4EA5" box="[825,936,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="32">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D12FF92FFE8C55CC39D90A14EA5" authorityName="Ortega & Cisneros-Heredia & Camper & Romero-Carvajal & Negrete & Ron" authorityYear="2025" box="[1136,1220,1410,1433]" class="Amphibia" family="Craugastoridae" genus="Phyllonastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macuma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B908EA83FF92FFE8C55CC39D90A14EA5" box="[1136,1220,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="32">macuma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a toponym used in apposition, and it refers to the locality where the species is found. The word ‘macuma’ belongs to the Shuar native American language and refers to a Shuar woman.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue