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<document id="45142FA27195FD0552E58B869CDBDE88" ID-CLB-Dataset="296075" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1201.115467" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee186766-9739-403d-9d81-d8c3a1741438" ID-ZooBank="8D1CCA9B-7B9C-45CC-A21C-66F406ACBF6C" ID-publisher-id="115467" URI-arpha="922CBBA3-D902-55F3-A47A-CAFAAFEB9053" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/8D1CCA9B-7B9C-45CC-A21C-66F406ACBF6C" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1715703101813" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fedorov, Denis &amp; Hornok, Sándor" docDate="2024" docId="FEC528744C435429903031C868A95539" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1201: 255-343" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1201" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/115467/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Ixodes stromi Filippova 1957" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="343" masterDocId="922CBBA3D90255F3A47ACAFAAFEB9053" masterDocTitle="Checklist of hosts, illustrated geographical range, and ecology of tick species from the genus Ixodes (Acari, Ixodidae) in Russia and other post-Soviet countries" masterLastPageNumber="343" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="255" updateTime="1715760060250" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DE9A159CFBF23378B8B07D2BDF54C203">Checklist of hosts, illustrated geographical range, and ecology of tick species from the genus Ixodes (Acari, Ixodidae) in Russia and other post-Soviet countries</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="5BB1ABDFF9983482618E37BAE0F58C2D">Fedorov, Denis</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BE8C4CAA9E2A30ED91A8CD6E2E6D1C5B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0991-5728</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="26460B0693D2E5A3D42F776C198041FF">HUN-REN-UVMB Climate Change: New Blood-sucking Parasites and Vector-borne Pathogens Research Group, Budapest, Hungary &amp; Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ZIN-RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="0207C0DF6DCB3158137F177C31BDAED3">Hornok, Sándor</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C2FFE1C18D11A7DAFDE509897C9FE352" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1125-5178</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A892BD2242657AADFA4DE62335EAF935">HUN-REN-UVMB Climate Change: New Blood-sucking Parasites and Vector-borne Pathogens Research Group, Budapest, Hungary &amp; Department of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9A353F69DAF8308AE9D56C1017F5C1D8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5DF1C1D2B2EFAF8BF85A4BBAE29380E2" type="host">
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<mods:date id="419580D0443DBD4138B89869116114A6">2024</mods:date>
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</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="401039E705069617A7FB04590532FF48" type="volume">
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<treatment id="FEC528744C435429903031C868A95539" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196127" ID-arpha="FEC52874-4C43-5429-9030-31C868A95539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FEC528744C435429903031C868A95539" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FEC528744C435429903031C868A95539">
<subSubSection id="64D556E2008095DB2AF674403F1D3A04" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DD8AF2552BABC811DFBAFB60CBBDA137">
<taxonomicName id="F1CFDD7922FAF85D965DDC4CCBC785B9" ID-CoL="3QGN8" authority="Filippova, 1957" authorityName="Filippova" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="A8EF32755E783C0C32ED061AB5EDF012" italics="true">Ixodes stromi</emphasis>
Filippova, 1957
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="887B39FF4C4B38D2E4D429329ECAECA8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1BB23EFF078BA6CD680372D36CFAA4EA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E223224AD9D78FC2BEDE1BAF70D100BA">
<treatmentCitation id="2B434DE36C18825BF1A8ACD2421256BB">
<taxonomicName id="6B679FB26BFA04D1826FB23F373BD04A" ID-CoL="3QGN8" authority="Filippova, 1957: 864" authorityName="Filippova" authorityPageNumber="864" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="19831D3C2F2546A13ED1D803B98150EA" italics="true">Ixodes stromi</emphasis>
Filippova, 1957: 864
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXFEK" type="Recorded hosts">
<paragraph id="EB0D418AD130174FC918C4B3592E8C41">
<heading id="A7E8B9BDEC8FF14BD76F617C83DAAEB8" reason="title">Recorded hosts.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1B7801B6E819187F928C2B6BBFF6065">
<taxonomicName id="65A46DE2D100E7D71FCEADE8F3425B23" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">
<emphasis id="42AC5AA830975463DC5DFCEE3C68D089" bold="true">Mammalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="31DDD8FFA6762A2CFD34E2D711F89D99" authority="(Severtzov)" baseAuthorityName="Severtzov" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Alticola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentatus">
<emphasis id="5FA48F86C1005C8B2D36BBA78E707023" italics="true">Alticola argentatus</emphasis>
(Severtzov)
</taxonomicName>
(silver mountain vole),
<taxonomicName id="16085DC1943EE00044A4AE8D51790441" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1771" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agrarius">
<emphasis id="E21B825C596FA547B73B4B89A20F5D40" italics="true">Apodemus agrarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(striped field mouse),
<taxonomicName id="C896895E702625F02213ED7E4D898D06" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Craseomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufocanus">
<emphasis id="CC680DA8B228034CE8557E1E27877EC9" italics="true">Craseomys rufocanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(grey red-backed vole),
<taxonomicName id="C791F54F8358CA001C98860C80C5B42B" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="CB14C4A04D5C60C0117941ADD681B9F7" italics="true">Crocidura</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(shrew),
<taxonomicName id="B715DCE59C277C8FE0A6AAC9873F2951" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lasiopodomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gregalis">
<emphasis id="E0A796F01973867C73CEA83628F1B7AB" italics="true">Lasiopodomys gregalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(narrow-headed vole),
<taxonomicName id="907196AA3A11B6635E062AD7E38C86AC" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1779" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arvalis">
<emphasis id="FBA4FEB936E1DD03BA22524AEFD8C220" italics="true">Microtus arvalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(common vole),
<taxonomicName id="82C8FAA5D5CF9A47B68D2C8565CD2716" class="Mammalia" family="Mustelidae" genus="Mustela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="3094B5232D9BB6032F9022EDBE6EFC94" italics="true">Mustela</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(weasel),
<taxonomicName id="AE28A00A3D5B217893B397D1B0E97642" authority="(Miller)" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Myodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="D46047940A15FF789B2BDBDEFFE517EF" italics="true">Myodes centralis</emphasis>
(Miller)
</taxonomicName>
(Tien Shan red-backed vole),
<taxonomicName id="1E36D398D38FB3A81AEDF999E6EB2DB1" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nothocricetulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="migratorius">
<emphasis id="9D157B9B55D6266CE68E13905FD9D841" italics="true">Nothocricetulus migratorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(grey dwarf hamster),
<taxonomicName id="94E9E1484AD9A73A8A1B681084CB3FB8" authority="(Gunther)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Mammalia" family="Ochotonidae" genus="Ochotona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotis">
<emphasis id="987435CC4114FB6F7DF2498258595DE3" italics="true">Ochotona macrotis</emphasis>
(Günther)
</taxonomicName>
(large-eared pika),
<taxonomicName id="2458C50C8088A740513D7221C2F6DD18" baseAuthorityName="Hodgson" baseAuthorityYear="1845" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyctoris">
<emphasis id="00896455DEE33C6A0D96485E94A87AFB" italics="true">Rattus pyctoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Turkestan rat) (
<bibRefCitation id="515B5A43231512D310F6E24D3D54786F" author="Filippova" firstAuthor="Filippova" journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Leningrad" refId="B117" refString="Filippova NA (1977) Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, 396 pp. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR." year="1977">Filippova 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYJEK" type="Recorded locations">
<paragraph id="3B15AECA06777D5F7626FED76CD110A8">
<heading id="A6C0FBB1E63B5E1825833782E06B886D" reason="title">Recorded locations</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B4F89F013E14A8500B7F416570824AA">
<emphasis id="0988D14D3FB0A0175D46158BEA29718E" bold="true">
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B46A8474EEB7C520D73E02F3AE24A97D" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Map of Russia and neighboring countries showing the locations where Ixodes stromi was reported." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1201.115467.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1049206">20</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="EB441FEE84AC65BABF8FAF0AD5E0878D" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Western Sayan (
<bibRefCitation id="BD7386387B632D37B3412931FA71B444" author="Arumova and Dineva" firstAuthor="Arumova" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Medicinskaja Parazitologiya I Parazitarnye Bolezni" pagination="353-354" refId="B21" refString="Arumova EA, Dineva AI (1973) Find of Ixodes stromi, Fil, 1957 in the Western Sayan. Medicinskaja Parazitologiya I Parazitarnye Bolezni 42 (3): 353 – 354. [In Russian]" title="Find of Ixodes stromi, Fil, 1957 in the Western Sayan." volume="42" year="1973">Arumova and Dineva 1973</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="5B62218E11EE25AFF7848AEBCD88E97C" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="11AD407C2CEFA0835FDCD9F1552451E2" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Tarbagatai Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="3D996CB371FA2B49E1C2E38E46441342" author="Afanas'eva" firstAuthor="Afanas'eva" issue="6" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Sredneaziatskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel’skogo Protivochumnogo instituta" pagination="275-284" refId="B4" refString="Afanas’eva OV (1959) Ixodid ticks of Tarbagatay. Trudy Sredneaziatskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel’skogo Protivochumnogo instituta 1 (6): 275 – 284. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks of Tarbagatay." volume="1" year="1959">Afanas’eva 1959</bibRefCitation>
), Dzungarian Alatau (
<bibRefCitation id="1AA2D8CA2907D3AC10124392DCA9BF3D" author="Ushakova and Fedosenko" firstAuthor="Ushakova" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR" pagination="240-241" refId="B422" refString="Ushakova GV, Fedosenko AK (1963) On the occurrence of ticks Ixodes stromi Fil. 1957 at the Zaili Alatau. Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR 19: 240 – 241. [In Russian]" title="On the occurrence of ticks Ixodes stromi Fil. 1957 at the Zaili Alatau." volume="19" year="1963">Ushakova and Fedosenko 1963</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B8AB88F73F0C1E64F9925D306D9CFC24" author="Ushakova" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ushakova" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR" pagination="100-111" refId="B425" refString="Ushakova GV, Fedosenko AK, Lobachev YS (1976) Ixodid ticks of the Dzungarian Alatau (Parasitiformes, Ixodidae). Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR 36: 100 – 111. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks of the Dzungarian Alatau (Parasitiformes, Ixodidae)." volume="36" year="1976">Ushakova et al. 1976</bibRefCitation>
), Trans-Ili Alatau (
<bibRefCitation id="F31B5D7D64AD0FAA35481A5760B72F2D" author="Ushakova and Fedosenko" firstAuthor="Ushakova" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR" pagination="240-241" refId="B422" refString="Ushakova GV, Fedosenko AK (1963) On the occurrence of ticks Ixodes stromi Fil. 1957 at the Zaili Alatau. Trudy Instituta Zoologii AN KazSSR 19: 240 – 241. [In Russian]" title="On the occurrence of ticks Ixodes stromi Fil. 1957 at the Zaili Alatau." volume="19" year="1963">Ushakova and Fedosenko 1963</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="6A5CCD23BF0D7B424AA3C5EFCD720934" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="F5B5FE2FA62422F3273072C64B789F0F" name="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Kyrgyz Ala-Too Range (
<bibRefCitation id="3656D156345C7811D59045D2F647FF14" author="Fedorova SJ" refId="B104" refString="Fedorova SJ (2012 b) Ixodid ticks (Ixodidae) of mammals of the Northern Tien Shan. Materials of the International Conference « WILDLIFE OF KAZAKHSTAN AND ADJACENT AREAS » devoted to the 80 th anniversary of the Institute of Zoology, 175. [In Russian]">Fedorova 2012 b</bibRefCitation>
), Terskey Alatau (
<bibRefCitation id="E8A6A7B0EE2F914408437B5AA2DB551A" author="Fedorova SJ" refId="B104" refString="Fedorova SJ (2012 b) Ixodid ticks (Ixodidae) of mammals of the Northern Tien Shan. Materials of the International Conference « WILDLIFE OF KAZAKHSTAN AND ADJACENT AREAS » devoted to the 80 th anniversary of the Institute of Zoology, 175. [In Russian]">Fedorova 2012 b</bibRefCitation>
), Chuy Valley – found in 1966 (
<bibRefCitation id="1C7BD9E9BCE253AF17B7E57544EDC30D" author="Grebenyuk" firstAuthor="Grebenyuk" journalOrPublisher="Frunze, Ilim" refId="B152" refString="Grebenyuk RV (1966) Ixodid ticks of Kyrgyzstan. Frunze, Ilim, 328 pp. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks of Kyrgyzstan." year="1966">Grebenyuk 1966</bibRefCitation>
), was not found in the same territories in 2018 (
<bibRefCitation id="63E57DD1A0DA22C9B24BD2E930395FC2" author="Fedorova" firstAuthor="Fedorova" journalOrPublisher="Issledovanie Zhivoj Prirody Kyrgyzstana" pagination="117-121" refId="B106" refString="Fedorova SJ (2021) Faunal complex of hard ticks of mammals of the Chuy Valley at different stages of parasitological research. Issledovanie Zhivoj Prirody Kyrgyzstana 2: 117 – 121. [In Russian]" title="Faunal complex of hard ticks of mammals of the Chuy Valley at different stages of parasitological research." volume="2" year="2021">Fedorova 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="D68100D594E9A2A06C83431BA7B4F854" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="7A695240F93FA3B043D617B53BF96A68" name="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Peter the First Range (
<bibRefCitation id="B003C2B178277C5D9305A5F01DEB322C" author="Filippova" firstAuthor="Filippova" journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Leningrad" refId="B117" refString="Filippova NA (1977) Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, 396 pp. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR." year="1977">Filippova 1977</bibRefCitation>
), Varzob gorge (
<bibRefCitation id="4D92A9DA637D1DB4B4A23A99B85CC797" author="Sosnina" firstAuthor="Sosnina" journalOrPublisher="Trudy AN TajSSR" pagination="65-69" refId="B387" refString="Sosnina EF (1954) On the tick Ixodes trianguliceps Bir. in Tajikistan. Trudy AN TajSSR 21: 65 – 69. [In Russian]" title="On the tick Ixodes trianguliceps Bir. in Tajikistan." volume="21" year="1954">Sosnina 1954</bibRefCitation>
– here
<taxonomicName id="C3A88B984241A850F0ED61E8C6DCA562" authorityName="Filippova" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="CE77C8748DED4B904988277CB577E22B" italics="true">I. stromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was incorrectly identified as
<taxonomicName id="34929129B3A439401C803CA0A436A52E" authorityName="Birula" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trianguliceps">
<emphasis id="BD17CE2C422617B3FBFC452D098A03CC" italics="true">I. trianguliceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because the new species was described by Filippova in 1957 b).
</paragraph>
<caption id="CA548C58B6E7B309B67AAB158D78380A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1201.115467.figure20" ID-arpha="4F3B8B7D-16C6-5170-8858-DB9D65D87101" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1049206" startId="F20">
<paragraph id="3E6165562995041E51B5BC50015856C8">
<label id="5B6966D91C50877046D1C1A7082B5B98">Figure 20.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA3E11851F6AC100F56A101208EFABA7">
Map of Russia and neighboring countries showing the locations where
<taxonomicName id="A6BFA58F79FA24952B9C66AD2C51409A" authorityName="Filippova" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="7857B002228241B7465652DA3EEE450A" italics="true">Ixodes stromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFNEK" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="1E8430891C6870AC2B0B021AB2A47C28">
<heading id="5842934F887E6EE9D6C9E444826C3202" reason="title">Ecology and other information.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A4B0E77C322C89B6CC2197F382FE3C1">
<taxonomicName id="A2536C0E31FE7F1F942C826A42879194" authorityName="Filippova" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="47592D1031FD0B8FA5D9DA7FCDE26B51" italics="true">Ixodes stromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a tick species only indigenous to southern Siberia in
<collectingCountry id="6669E9A82877FD65B78C0B071599E431" name="Russia">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="10919612F657851226642C568BCDA413" DOI="10.31857/S1234567806040069" author="Tsapko" firstAuthor="Tsapko" issue="4" journalOrPublisher="Parazitologiya" pagination="341-352" refId="B413" refString="Tsapko NV (2020) A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia. Parazitologiya 54 (4): 341 – 352. https://doi.org/10.31857/S1234567806040069 [In Russian]" title="A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia." volume="54" year="2020">Tsapko 2020</bibRefCitation>
). The main part of its distribution spans in
<collectingCountry id="6DD6DE4D97A9CE581D1258A12D7A6E9F" name="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and Middle Asia. In all territories of its range, it is confined to the forest-meadow and forest-steppe belt of medium-altitude mountains, to stony and rocky habitats, which are insolated and, therefore, have a warmer microclimate (
<bibRefCitation id="0688E159AE35C5D43581EFEFF830E1DB" author="Filippova" firstAuthor="Filippova" journalOrPublisher="Parazitologicheskij Sbornik AN SSSR" pagination="100-123" refId="B112" refString="Filippova NA (1967) Species of the subgenus Ixodiopsis (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, Ixodes) of the fauna of the Soviet Union. Parazitologicheskij Sbornik AN SSSR 23: 100 – 123. [In Russian]" title="Species of the subgenus Ixodiopsis (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, Ixodes) of the fauna of the Soviet Union." volume="23" year="1967">Filippova 1967</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD4C6E8EAB1062A44D6D031287D888AB">
This species is nidicolous and uses rodents, shrews, and small carnivores as hosts at all stages. It is considered a rare species reaching small individual number (
<bibRefCitation id="941FC9582B4A506B0EADAA82BEAB272A" author="Filippova" firstAuthor="Filippova" journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Leningrad" refId="B117" refString="Filippova NA (1977) Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, 396 pp. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR." year="1977">Filippova 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE879789530AFA17D5B6D5ACD776900B">
The type specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5F2CE044835A17989BB95022C8191CB6" authorityName="Filippova" authorityYear="1957" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromi">
<emphasis id="92AAE7D983EA01E1711376B03892B20C" italics="true">I. stromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from
<collectingCountry id="06D0CEF15FB64B904B1F3ED779BCB3ED" name="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
and stored at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences: the
<typeStatus id="64CA3EB0B4018F25618CE0EFE8B4B3D1" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
: the nymph;
<collectingCountry id="7D43AE43FA0C5EBB8515FD0246E7C822" name="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
, Tien Shan, Kungei Ala Tau Mt. Range, Ch-Aksu Canyon, talus, from
<taxonomicName id="5FF397C4EA4B19E4439CFF3F319116EF" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Clethrionomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frater">
<emphasis id="31E03DBEFA8341100E71A07141BF94A0" italics="true">Clethrionomys frater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="94B665EF6D395A508517E54BE5C353BD" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Myodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis id="97D81BC1829E78CB2EF84E4CA215E835" italics="true">Myodes centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="7B98A57DA5CB3CA3CA5E443D032EC8AA" value="1953-08-11">11. VIII. 1953</date>
, coll. N. А. Filippova; AL I 78. The
<typeStatus id="5BC69BF26F36A3871208BDE5BA523707" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="CF32B155CCC76A06601F0884DDBB4F79" count="6" type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
; FBM I 586, I 876;
<specimenCount id="8309A4988CDB06BAD5A356C071535216" count="6" type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
; FBM I 873, I 875. Description –
<bibRefCitation id="7D506CEF969F47C8BD56B1203BD97953" author="Filippova NA" firstAuthor="Filippova" journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Leningrad" page="122 - 127" refId="B117" refString="Filippova NA (1977) Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, 396 pp. [In Russian]" title="Ixodid ticks subfamily Ixodinae. Arachnida. Vol. 4. Fauna of the USSR." year="1977">Filippova 1977: 122–127</bibRefCitation>
(female, nymph, larva; male unknown) (
<bibRefCitation id="B69BB0188CF24CA0FED2191080828E68" DOI="10.1134/S0013873808080149" author="Filippova" firstAuthor="Filippova" issue="8" journalOrPublisher="Entomological Review" pagination="1002-1011" refId="B123" refString="Filippova NA (2008) Type specimens of argasid and ixodid ticks (Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in the collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg). Entomological Review 88 (8): 1002 – 1011. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0013873808080149" title="Type specimens of argasid and ixodid ticks (Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in the collection of the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg)." volume="88" year="2008">Filippova 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="F9F9E76135DB18ECC44D7576FD54A13A" pageNumber="687">
<taxonomicName id="676A0EDBAB8EF61AF93401FE5D7B8C1B" ID-CoL="775V" authority="C. H. Smith 1827" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CC194185C77AC985C19BF761420F9BBC" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus</emphasis>
C. H. Smith 1827
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="54C79FF9F8958BC9A4798990CA4FFD94" pageNumber="687" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3710A86D60AAB3389DA26FF5E35D256D" pageNumber="687">
<treatmentCitation id="3D57EC55CAD2EB190CD3190411017B55" author="C. H. Smith" authority="C. H. Smith 1827" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="342" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" title="Raphicerus" volumeTitle="in: Griffith et al., Animal Kingdom, Vol. 5" year="1827">
<taxonomicName id="C001296F59A0AC5AD666A0CDB0238F9B" ID-CoL="775V" authority="C. H. Smith 1827" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FD4CCF587B79862F8615FD7D5D44F20D" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus</emphasis>
C. H.
<bibRefCitation id="AC1B7F6B91E027CF5920E36E23300F65" author="Smith, C. H." refId="ref330696" refString="Smith, C. H. 1827. The seventh order of the Mammalia. The Ruminantia. Pp. 1 - 428, in The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, member of the Institute of France, &amp; c. &amp; c. &amp; c. with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed (E. Griffith, C. H. [amilton] Smith, and E. Pidgeon, eds.). G. B. Whitaker, London, 4: 1 - 498." year="1827">Smith 1827</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="9F5B9DE1494ACA9CCACD98CD4FA334FB" author="C. H. Smith" pageNumber="687" pagination="342" title="Raphicerus" volumeTitle="in: Griffith et al., Animal Kingdom, Vol. 5" year="1827">in: Griffith et al., Animal Kingdom, Vol. 5: 342</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51B81A668EFB92D1308C383542FF5440" pageNumber="687" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="6CFAB1FC42BFABAF356E93659ECB5B8D" pageNumber="687">
<emphasis id="8B48A60F77DE2BDC5B638C2FDF60909A" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="687">Type Species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2C872BC70D907E1ABECA537B413CC853" authority="de Blainville 1816" authorityName="de Blainville" authorityYear="1816" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Cerophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acuticornis">
<emphasis id="F5596EF043ACE1F907C907B7060A2458" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Cerophorus acuticornis</emphasis>
de Blainville 1816
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0DAF39249954095DF403232D7FCFEA06" pageNumber="687" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="54BFE904AF5129EBBC1537A067F65081" pageNumber="687">
<emphasis id="9F6FE8C5B3F5CE7F468E7228303A8AC8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="687">Species and subspecies:</emphasis>
3 species with 4 subspecies:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F75C0E6C43D4356AAFF6D92C64F04EF1" pageNumber="687">
Species
<taxonomicName id="DDC57FC9F2F9FEACDA97D288BA81E537" authority="(Thunberg 1811)" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">
<emphasis id="0D76EEAC5C7B03A09A9F1FAC78B6243B" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus campestris</emphasis>
(Thunberg 1811)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EF185B00E66F73E1B6C9190B65F39FF" pageNumber="687">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="8756B21A8A809687A41B201584CED4D7" authority="Thunberg 1811" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="campestris" subSpecies="campestris">
<emphasis id="BE4A67D7EABE61836CC1391AEA21119D" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus campestris</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="E585CF39710577AA79EE4AD4F7ADB846" italics="true" pageNumber="687">campestris</emphasis>
Thunberg 1811
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5B8FFCC4EB8F583E393202D0DECB1B5" pageNumber="687">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="0F85B286380100E330B9C2043DB9FB25" authority="Thomas and Schwann 1906" authorityName="Thomas and Schwann" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="campestris" subSpecies="capricornis">
<emphasis id="A0E7FD74CC424E17DD1DF208E826D7F6" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus campestris</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="58E9F1BE6C7C0A5964169C1152482704" italics="true" pageNumber="687">capricornis</emphasis>
Thomas and Schwann 1906
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4298F5CCF9A12566C9BB2BB0CF9EBB07" pageNumber="687">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="E1E4C7E59F9D139C38DA1D431CB76F6A" authority="Jentink 1900" authorityName="Jentink" authorityYear="1900" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="campestris" subSpecies="kelleni">
<emphasis id="3A88F201DD1A0366DB09C14F909B8D5A" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus campestris</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="3013765E4C3034D6220775954958A196" italics="true" pageNumber="687">kelleni</emphasis>
Jentink 1900
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FA63782D07BD070C68E17C3E3FC914A" pageNumber="687">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="0022209CD495179BE18A040756C97254" authority="Matschie 1894" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1894" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="campestris" subSpecies="neumanni">
<emphasis id="C7826DF99D8E78EDC5EEC7684996BB96" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus campestris</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="3180FD751417B962343D889EE6128DAE" italics="true" pageNumber="687">neumanni</emphasis>
Matschie 1894
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="740B884BD4670F143D95DD11569A2129" pageNumber="687">
Species
<taxonomicName id="0D08242C1706C52B2EA637F8AE05AD2D" authority="(Thunberg 1811)" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanotis">
<emphasis id="E08815779CA017B6B2F18E33C93AAD3A" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus melanotis</emphasis>
(Thunberg 1811)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04454BC070AE9C8B0C74523718109875" pageNumber="687">
Species
<taxonomicName id="75930D789FEF2D0C30E3F8A9006A149E" authority="Thomas 1896" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="687" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sharpei">
<emphasis id="16E95DD8A78301C788FD9956873BC9B6" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus sharpei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="062A3B4FA17DF70F3F3482CD0142005B" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref352089" refString="Thomas, O. 1896 [1897]. On the genera of rodents: An attempt to bring up to date the current arrangement of the order. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896: 1012 - 1028." year="1896">Thomas 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B5FEF61F00AA734ACB64AB81467B7C31" pageNumber="687" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C3A44B88F1DF436A0856C50A7C553E59" pageNumber="687">
<emphasis id="D2DC9FC1C8A75F721374D44D26B2A4AD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="687">Discussion:</emphasis>
Genus comprises
<taxonomicName id="91FD47AC33E826981D0F3E6FE680A34D" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanotis">
<emphasis id="D2E5FE8AF2AADC54F77D9866A618C9EC" italics="true" pageNumber="687">R. melanotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="D83C09D652535EAF5208AFD1067DA01C" authorityName="Thomas &amp; Schwann" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Nototragus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C4AB209090307B2CC35709E32DC755C" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Nototragus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (a superspecies according to
<bibRefCitation id="4BDA4CAEE0BBAA0AACBD813ED16264CD" author="Ansell, W. F. H." refId="ref11014" refString="Ansell, W. F. H. 1972. Order Artiodactyla. Part 15. Pp. 1 - 84, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 2 May 1972]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated." year="1972">Ansell, 1972:68</bibRefCitation>
), including also
<taxonomicName id="9659BAC96023E55470909AC6E70730EC" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sharpei">
<emphasis id="C39EEACC5EDE36DBAD34A025CD5047F1" italics="true" pageNumber="687">R. sharpei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="E6E37D26B36D467A1F895E9F499EA9A8" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="campestris">
<emphasis id="7B665A99344F5FFB22484DF6B5E6463A" italics="true" pageNumber="687">R. campestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or nominate
<taxonomicName id="7BB4095A15CB58DC85EABF5B832D7E84" authorityName="C. H. Smith" authorityYear="1827" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Raphicerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2F177C78288216EBEE6AF7D8589F362F" italics="true" pageNumber="687">Raphicerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05b7c0ec-be2d-47ae-840b-6851e33c9058" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160518032" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2615-32-95" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3BA5CFF766F1577589CB2EE2D87F6751" ID-ZooBank="D498D6DECE6C4D4195F766A7E19892F1" ModsDocID="1314-2615-32-95" checkinTime="1574449742019" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kunt, Kadir Bogac, Elverici, Mert, Yagmur, Ersen Aydin &amp; Oezkuetuek, Recep Sulhi" docDate="2019" docId="FEC5BA0CA8645A86AE4E673A527A9486" docLanguage="en" docName="SubterBiol 32: 95-109" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 32" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.46534" docTitle="Kut Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Oezkuetuek, 2019, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3BA5CFF766F1577589CB2EE2D87F6751" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="3BA5CFF766F1577589CB2EE2D87F6751" masterDocTitle="Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae)" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="95" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1634708515045" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Kut gen. nov., a new troglomorphic spider genus from Turkey (Araneae, Dysderidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kunt, Kadir Bogac</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Elverici, Mert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Yagmur, Ersen Aydin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Oezkuetuek, Recep Sulhi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number>32</mods:number>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName LSID="FEC5BA0C-A864-5A86-AE4E-673A527A9486" authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kut</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="95">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactocrates troglophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troglophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Harpactocrates troglophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Brignoli, 1978.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Derivatio nominis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
&quot;
<taxonomicName authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Kut</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; is a Turkish word traceable to the old Turkic language with multiple meanings, such as &quot;fortune (good or bad)&quot;, &quot;lifelong energy&quot; or
<normalizedToken originalValue="“vigour”">&quot;vigour&quot;</normalizedToken>
, and more, depending on a dialect or a historical period. Gender: masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
The new genus resembles genera
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysderocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysderocrates" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Dysderocrates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Harpactocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harpactocrates" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Harpactocrates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Hygrocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hygrocrates" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Hygrocrates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the general morphology of the male palp; however, it can be identified by the following characters:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
In male copulatory organ of
<taxonomicName authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Kut</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., tegulum is pear-shaped and embolus is a simple extension of a tegulum. Embolus represents the only distal extension of tegulum, any other apophyses are absent, unlike in
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysderocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysderocrates" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Dysderocrates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Hygrocrates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hygrocrates" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Hygrocrates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
In
<taxonomicName authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Kut</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov., female copulatory organ is unique among the majority of
<taxonomicName family="Dysderinae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Dysderinae</taxonomicName>
genera in having the anteriorly located, club-shaped spermathecae, bearing a resemblance to those in
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Cryptoparachtes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoparachtes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Cryptoparachtes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Kut</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Cryptoparachtes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoparachtes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Cryptoparachtes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a well-developed dorsal arc and a distinct posterior diverticulum, as well as by the male copulatory organ (see
<bibRefCitation author="Dunin, PM" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B7" refString="Dunin, PM, 1992. The spider family Dysderidae of the Caucasian fauna (ArachnidaAraneiHaplogynae). Arthropoda Selecta 1: 35 - 76" title="The spider family Dysderidae of the Caucasian fauna (ArachnidaAraneiHaplogynae)." volume="1" year="1992">Dunin 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 42).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
Anterior side of sternum (the side touching labium) is much more convex compared to other
<taxonomicName family="Dysderinae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Dysderinae</taxonomicName>
genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
Large-sized
<taxonomicName family="Dysderinae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Dysderinae</taxonomicName>
spiders. Somatic characters as in other
<taxonomicName family="Dysderidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" rank="family">Dysderidae</taxonomicName>
. Detailed description see under
<taxonomicName authority="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük, 2019" authorityName="Kunt, Elverici, Yagmur &amp; Özkütük" authorityYear="2019" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Kut" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kut troglophilus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troglophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Kut troglophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Brignoli, 1978) comb. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

148
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.403.7200" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dced855b-268d-4353-8a42-247a7f67b621" ID-PMC="PMC4023237" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-403-1" ID-PubMed="24843264" ID-ZBK="87A96A762AA14B02A4439D986DDCAD64" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-403-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 403" ModsDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Scaphicoma Motschulsky, 1863 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae) from Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia" checkinTime="1451245968335" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ogawa, Ryo, Loebl, Ivan &amp; Maeto, Kaoru" docDate="2014" docId="FEC5F38547C485612EF0E05005EFD58D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 403: 1-13" docOrigin="ZooKeys 403" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.403.7200" docTitle="Scaphicoma bidentia Ogawa &amp; Loebl, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="03705635-A4E6-4878-91A6-804E5EF413C8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFFBFF87855AFFC0D601FF89FF85FFAF" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the genus Scaphicoma Motschulsky, 1863 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scaphidiinae) from Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1668158242690" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Loebl, Ivan</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/03705635-A4E6-4878-91A6-804E5EF413C8" authority="Ogawa &amp; Loebl" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma bidentia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentia">
Scaphicoma bidentia Ogawa &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Löbl">Loebl</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1b, 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Body dark reddish-brown. Body size relatively small. Antennomere XI about two times as long as VIII; IV and V each almost as VI. Protarsomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
each about 1.2 times as long as IV; V about 1.7 times as long as IV. Mesotarsomeres I and V each about two times as long as II; III about 1.5 times as long as IV. Metatarsomeres I about 2.0 times as long as II; II and III each about 1. 5 times as long as IV; V about 1.7 times as long as IV. Male and female sternite VII with middle of apical margin moderately concave. Paramere symmetrical, weakly enlarged at subapical portion. Internal sac with two-pronged spear shaped sclerite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Body shining. Head and mouthparts reddish-brown. Antenna yellowish-brown, except for antennomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="VI–XI">VI-XI</normalizedToken>
dark yellowish-brown. Pronotum, elytra and ventral surface dark reddish-brown (Fig. 1b). Legs, propygidium and pygidium yellowish-brown. Head, pronotum and elytra sparsely and finely pubescent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Head with interocular distance almost as eye width. Punctuation sparse and fine. Antennomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VI">I-VI</normalizedToken>
with a few macrosetae,
<normalizedToken originalValue="VII–XI">VII-XI</normalizedToken>
covered with some microsetae; VI about 1.5 times as long as III; IV and V each almost as VI or shorter; VII almost as VIII or shorter; XI about two times as long as VIII (Fig. 3e).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Figure 3. Genitalia and antenna of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma bidentia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentia">Scaphicoma bidentia</taxonomicName>
sp. n. a, b Male genitalia c, d female genitalia e male antenna. a, c Dorsal view; b, d lateral view. Scale: 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pronotum almost as wide as long, lateral keel invisible in dorsal view. Punctuation sparse and fine, as on head. Scutellum concealed.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Elytra longer than wide, widest at basal 1/6, gradually narrowed to apex, with minute serration at inner part of posterior margin. Punctuation coarser than on pronotum. Sutural striae extending outwards along basal margin to form basal striae, reaching humeral area and not joined with lateral striae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Propygidium and pygidium sparsely and finely punctuate.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Hypomeron finely punctuate. Lateral portion of mesoventrite coarsely and sparsely punctuate; medial portion finely and sparsely punctuate, with fine pubescence. Lateral portion of metaventrite from base to basal 1/3 sparsely and coarsely punctuate, with apical portion moderately concave. Mesocoxa almost six times as wide as space between them; mesocoxal area moderately broadened. Metepimeron almost as long as wide, with microsculpture. Metacoxa about eight times as wide as metacoxal process.
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">Metanepisternum</pageBreakToken>
about six times as long as wide. Lateral portion of ventrite I from base to basal 1/3 densely and coarsely punctuate. Ventrite V emarginated at apex. Ventrite VI strongly pointed at apicomedian portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Meso- and metafemora with microsculpture, sparsely and coarsely punctuate. Protarsomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
each about 1.2 times as long as IV; V about 1.7 times as long as IV. Mesotarsomeres I and V each about two times as long as II; III about 1.5 times as long as IV. Metatarsomeres I about 2.0 times as long as II; II and III each about 1. 5 times as long as IV; V about 1.7 times as long as IV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Male. Protarsomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
with tenent setae, enlarged. Aedeagus about 0.62 mm long; parameres symmetrical; internal sac with two-pronged spear shaped sclerite (Fig. 3a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Female. Protarsomeres
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
without tenent setae, not enlarged. Gonostylus robust. Distal gonocoxite normal, robust in lateral view; vagina membranous, without robust sclerites; bursa copulatrix not sclerotized (Fig. 3c, d). Spermatheca as Fig. 3c.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="measurements">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Measurements</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
(n = 3). Length (PL+EL): 2.25-2.44 mm; width (PW, EW): 0.89-0.94 mm, 0.93-0.98 mm. HW: 0.46-0.53 mm. ID: 0.16-0.19 mm. PL/PW:
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">1.00</pageBreakToken>
-1.20. EL/EW: 1.42-1.45. Approximate ratio of each antennal length (width) from base to apex as follows (n = 1): 1.4 (0.5): 0.9 (0.5): 1.0 (0.2): 1.4 (0.2): 1.4 (0.2): 1.6 (0.2): 1.3 (0.3): 1.2 (0.2): 1.5 (0.3): 1.6 (0.2): 2.4 (0.2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Holotype, 1♂, Mt. Tilongkabila (Gunung Tilongkabila), N. Sulawesi, alt. ca. 500-800 m, 0°34'04.62N, 0°34'28.52N, 123°11'15.42E, 123°11'30.61E, 26-27. I. 2011, R. Ogawa leg. (MZBI); Paratypes, 1♀, same data above (EUMJ); 1♀, Mt. Tilongkabila (Gunung Tilongkabila), N. Sulawesi, alt. ca. 800-1300 m, 0°34'28.52N, 0°35'18.14N, 123°11'30.61E, 123°13'22.71E, 9.VI. 2012, R. Ogawa leg. (HUOI).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Indonesia: northern Sulawesi.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">This specific name is derived from the Latin bidentia (two-pronged), referring to the shape of sclerites of the internal sac.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
This species is very similar to the Philippines
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma pullex" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pullex">Scaphicoma pullex</taxonomicName>
(Heller, 1917) by the body color and size, and it is also very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma cincta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cincta">Scaphicoma cincta</taxonomicName>
(Pic, 1920) from Sumatra by the shape of internal sac of the aedeagus. However,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma pullex" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pullex">Scaphicoma pullex</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from the new species by the Y-shaped sclerite of internal sac and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Scaphicoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaphicoma cincta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cincta">Scaphicoma cincta</taxonomicName>
is also easily distinguished from the new species by the color of elytra and pronotum with black along the edges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>