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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d148b8fa-4f4c-4069-80e5-f04f98561bfe" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2747-8106-96-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FCEF2A912BC258BBB022681E86486B06" ID-ZooBank="CD8C70BA025345408EFCD430A12F6B35" ModsDocID="2747-8106-96-51" checkinTime="1649795137967" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Schwarzhans, Werner &amp; Keupp, Helmut" docDate="2022" docId="A4CD9C9FCA3B5EA994A6FF2AA47F9886" docLanguage="en" docName="Zitteliana 96: 51-67" docOrigin="Zitteliana 96" docPubDate="2022-04-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737" docTitle="Archaeotolithus bornholmiensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FCEF2A912BC258BBB022681E86486B06" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FCEF2A912BC258BBB022681E86486B06" masterDocTitle="Early teleost otolith morphogenesis observed in the Jurassic of Franconia, Bavaria, southern Germany" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1732488386774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A81089939DA03CC9E57A019A8F00F38C">Early teleost otolith morphogenesis observed in the Jurassic of Franconia, Bavaria, southern Germany</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9B4E82E45DAD891EEBA9895DF663A9AC">Schwarzhans, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94CCA5B78A4CC7682AC36ADEF433FCD5">Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Kobenhavn, Denmark &amp; Ahrensburger Weg 103, 22359 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4164B1ECD6B741590AE9F72F0A711ABD">Keupp, Helmut</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D00899F3A3808383A924ED2BAFB9640">Freie Universitaet Berlin, Institut fuer Geologische Wissenschaften, Fachrichtung Palaeontologie, Malteser Strasse 74 - 100, Haus D, 12249 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="5741EDFF5201684A7AFD03245385D388">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A4CD9C9FCA3B5EA994A6FF2AA47F9886" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194588013" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4CD9C9FCA3B5EA994A6FF2AA47F9886" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4CD9C9FCA3B5EA994A6FF2AA47F9886" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" scope_class="Actinopterygii" scope_phylum="Teleostei">
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<paragraph id="A49E33ABEC64201C90476BDB1EC51702" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Animalia</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E35A0C08CA42E97CEE10C3AA8FE7E700" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D798F4D547BC6D2EA22C15B47EC15624" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
Taxon classification 
<taxonomicName id="4A02974D0F976A2A45543962867C970E" LSID="A4CD9C9F-CA3B-5EA9-94A6-FF2AA47F9886" authority="(Malling &amp; Gronwall, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Malling &amp; Gronwall" baseAuthorityYear="1909" genus="Archaeotolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaeotolithus bornholmiensis" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">
Archaeotolithus bornholmiensis (Malling &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="E6D91E457B3B25E315A99CBB033798C8" originalValue="Grønwall">Gronwall</normalizedToken>
, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="67DA6BECC0EDAEEBA260497B05C15994" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="D900627C682EF0CD587E2771244C0BA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<figureCitation id="60C3A5DB0766BEB6721F5D1D62B3AAB4" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Plate 4. Otoliths of Archaeotolithus. fig. 1: Achaeotolithus bornholmiensis (Malling &amp; Gronwall, 1909), from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 7, EPH horizon. figs 2 - 4: Archaeotolithus doppelsteini sp. nov., from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon; 2: holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 8; 3 - 4: paratypes SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 9. figs 5 - 7: Archaeotolithus trigonalis Stolley, 1912, from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon, figured specimens SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 12." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737.plate4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671634" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Plate 4, fig. 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="76AB4C13FC0B68EB785C59B731A0B61C" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="632F5654EEB6E579D07CBA00DB3446C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="83FEFD62C7D4C90D9BB34B1EE1BECF1C" family="Leptolepididae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Otolithus bornholmiensis" order="Elopiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">Otolithus bornholmiensis</taxonomicName>
1909 
<taxonomicName id="94D62D8E94327DB486EAB2EEF56CC526" family="Leptolepididae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Otolithus bornholmiensis" order="Elopiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">Otolithus bornholmiensis</taxonomicName>
- Malling &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="F96329C87A11DF603263A1DF21C92CF7" originalValue="Grønwall">Gronwall</normalizedToken>
: pl. 11, figs 14-16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5515B544AA56BD0E130B23F5124AD15A" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="B61FB7265502D6A2841659026857A380" genus="Arcaeotolithus" lsidName="Arcaeotolithus bornholmiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">Arcaeotolithus bornholmiensis</taxonomicName>
1912 
<taxonomicName id="CD13217FBCF7D0059E8EB5D7F3F0DCAB" genus="Arcaeotolithus" lsidName="Arcaeotolithus bornholmiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">Arcaeotolithus bornholmiensis</taxonomicName>
(Malling &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="40445BCE0F668A60DBE541B34C0092B7" originalValue="Grønwall">Gronwall</normalizedToken>
, 1909) - Stolley: pl. 7, figs 4-5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD7574B5A7129C7C4789F048EA7531E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="385BB549475A678B12A5278C511026B8" family="Leptolepididae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Otolithus" order="Elopiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Otolithus</taxonomicName>
?2014 archaeotoliths group 1 - Hesse: fig. 28A-B.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="102A1F7FCE53EA5DF85BBBD01E9B2E20" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D9309FE50716F92E75CBF3FC5E4E3554" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF6E896945DEDEA8B4BACD8E58A4DA8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<specimenCount id="087A5B23598C9522F7EC4D9177630F93" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
from the late Pliensbachian, 
<taxonomicName id="BAD561ED6F5556258B898800D2635B4C" genus="Hawkerense" lsidName="Hawkerense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="49F8E6B74F2B6A4342F5A36507E6465A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Hawkerense</emphasis>
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subzone, of Buttenheim (SNSB-BSPG 
<date id="ACA958ABD09DEF84CAE1411BDF154362" value="2022-04-07">2022 IV 7</date>
, Plate 
<figureCitation id="3E1086214367E3D5F62521CBEC7E9FFD" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Plate 4. Otoliths of Archaeotolithus. fig. 1: Achaeotolithus bornholmiensis (Malling &amp; Gronwall, 1909), from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 7, EPH horizon. figs 2 - 4: Archaeotolithus doppelsteini sp. nov., from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon; 2: holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 8; 3 - 4: paratypes SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 9. figs 5 - 7: Archaeotolithus trigonalis Stolley, 1912, from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon, figured specimens SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 12." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737.plate4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671634" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">4</figureCitation>
, fig. 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="89CBB868BA185B975D8FDD98739237E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0EC17C78F3ECB65772D4EA481B32C2B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34172D5C865D2F6E49FB3DD96CC7EA8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="F3590A0F86EB63947D6967E5D85728DA" baseAuthorityName="Malling &amp; Gronwall" baseAuthorityYear="1909" genus="Archaeotolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaeotolithus bornholmiensis" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">
<emphasis id="098319473E722DA81C898164857CB103" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Archaeotolithus bornholmiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only species in the genus with almost no indication of a sulcus and further differs from its congeners in the more strongly convex inner face. It is thus also the one most resembling the characteristics of a lapillus.
</paragraph>
<caption id="60FE95FA0A97BF1ECD162C83D7FB81AE" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737.plate4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/671634" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Plate 4" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="FFD3015E7F24CC79C3394F6418B95BF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="3EE089E330E8D33CA48068007833D6EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Plate 4.</emphasis>
Otoliths of 
<taxonomicName id="6011ADADDE5F9911B599FC797DC272DE" authorityName="Stolley" authorityYear="1912" genus="Archaeotolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaeotolithus" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="187922D22C59598707289052DD1EF00D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Archaeotolithus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="BF86FE9B7714FA6BF08165FD834974DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">fig. 1</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="EB96B360FDD04052A28173B0D5C427BA" genus="Achaeotolithus" lsidName="Achaeotolithus bornholmiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="bornholmiensis">
<emphasis id="B34154326FE26078DDA169F13E07D9B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Achaeotolithus bornholmiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Malling &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="F51F4BAC44920F29A0A0B2200796BF35" originalValue="Grønwall">Gronwall</normalizedToken>
, 1909), from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 7, EPH horizon. 
<emphasis id="B3B45E7ECAC6785F6F64C5EC211550D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">figs 2-4</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="FA8B67D13253BCDC9D2C2EA492D523ED" authorityName="Schwarzhans &amp; Keupp" authorityYear="2022" genus="Archaeotolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaeotolithus doppelsteini" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="doppelsteini">
<emphasis id="D046D79CF1086BE1289C6C3073BFD5CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Archaeotolithus doppelsteini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon; 
<emphasis id="DBD32E9CD78487D1BBCF1FEEC5BC37E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2</emphasis>
: holotype SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 8; 
<emphasis id="F4AF06DFE4B475D16FCCF577A05B3340" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3-4</emphasis>
: paratypes SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 9. 
<emphasis id="B18BA94B097039BC92CC7178DCED4A74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">figs 5-7</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="77FDCFC8E7C8A54BE395E770BEF88BA3" authorityName="Stolley" authorityYear="1912" genus="Archaeotolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archaeotolithus trigonalis" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trigonalis">
<emphasis id="FD4A2E609B9242EAE30ED44A7D5F5B5F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Archaeotolithus trigonalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Stolley, 1912, from the late Pliensbachian of Buttenheim, EPH horizon, figured specimens SNSB-BSPG 2022 IV 12.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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