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302 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408" ID-PMC="PMC4086212" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-38-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF8DC1FFFF3FFBCFFA7FFA6FFE11A54" ID-PubMed="25009440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576218" ModsDocID="1314-2003-38-101" checkinTime="1451251728782" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Souza, Isys Mascarenhas, Funch, Ligia Silveira & Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci de" docDate="2014" docId="7C2A6740852E5B888412EE15AA089933" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 38: 101-118" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 38" docPubDate="2014-06-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408" docTitle="Hymenaea courbaril L., Sp. Pl. 1192. 1753. Lectotype. “ Ceratia diphyllos Antegoana, Ricini majoris, fructu osseo, siliqua grandi incluso ” in Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 82, f. 3, 1691 (designated by Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 81. 1975)." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFF8DC1FFFF3FFBCFFA7FFA6FFE11A54" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="FFF8DC1FFFF3FFBCFFA7FFA6FFE11A54" masterDocTitle="Morphological analyses suggest a new taxonomic circumscription for Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="108" updateTime="1668141109793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphological analyses suggest a new taxonomic circumscription for Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Souza, Isys Mascarenhas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Botanica, Herbario, Km 03 - BR 116, Campus. 44031 - 460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Funch, Ligia Silveira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Botanica, Herbario, Km 03 - BR 116, Campus. 44031 - 460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Botanica, Herbario, Km 03 - BR 116, Campus. 44031 - 460, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">luciano.paganucci@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>38</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:end>118</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-38-101</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576218</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182228590" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C2A6740852E5B888412EE15AA089933" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C2A6740852E5B888412EE15AA089933" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName LSID="7C2A6740-852E-5B88-8412-EE15AA089933" authority="L., Sp. Pl. 1192. 1753. Lectotype. " Ceratia diphyllos Antegoana, Ricini majoris, fructu osseo, siliqua grandi incluso " in Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 82, f. 3, 1691 (designated by Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 81. 1975)." authorityName="L., Sp. Pl. 1192. 1753. Lectotype. “ Ceratia diphyllos Antegoana, Ricini majoris, fructu osseo, siliqua grandi incluso ” in Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 82, f. 3, 1691 (designated by Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 81. 1975)." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hymenaea courbaril" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">Hymenaea courbaril L., Sp. Pl. 1192. 1753. Lectotype. "Ceratia diphyllos Antegoana, Ricini majoris, fructu osseo, siliqua grandi incluso" in Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 82, f. 3, 1691 (designated by Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 81. 1975).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="resinifera">Hymenaea resinifera</taxonomicName>
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Salisb., Prodr. 327. 1796,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">nom. nud</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="animifera">? Hymenaea animifera</taxonomicName>
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Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 449. 1812,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">fide</emphasis>
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Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 81. 1975.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candolleana">Hymenaea candolleana</taxonomicName>
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Kunth [spelled '
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="candolliana’">candolliana'</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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], Nov. Gen. and Sp. 6: 323, pl 556. 1824. Type:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, Acapulco,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Bonpland 3875</emphasis>
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(holotype P!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertifolia">Hymenaea confertifolia</taxonomicName>
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Hayne, Getreue Darstell. Gew., 11, pl. 9. 1830. Lectotype (designated here):
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Sellow</emphasis>
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s.n., s.d. (lectotype W 48857!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stilbocarpa">Hymenaea stilbocarpa</taxonomicName>
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Hayne, Getreue Darstell. Gew., 11, pl. 11. 1830.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">stilbocarpa</emphasis>
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(Hayne) Lee and Lang., J. Arnold Arbor. 55: 449. 1974, syn. nov. Lectotype (designated here): "S. Pauli, sylv. ad Faz. de S. Anna",
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Martius</emphasis>
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(lectotype M! [barcode n° M-0215314], photo HUEFS!, isolectotype M! [barcode n° M-0215313], photo HUEFS!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retusa">Hymenaea retusa</taxonomicName>
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Willd. ex Hayne, Darst. Beschreib. Arzneigew. 11: pl. 12. 1830. Type:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, Acapulco,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Humboldt</emphasis>
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(holotype B!),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">nom. illegit</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Souza & Funch & Queiroz" authorityYear="2014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="splendida">Hymenaea splendida</taxonomicName>
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Vogel, Linnaea 11: 409. 1837. Type:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Sellow 1025</emphasis>
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(holotype B†).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">Hymenaea courbaril</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">obtusifolia</emphasis>
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Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro, 4: 47. 1925. Type: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Belém">Belem</normalizedToken>
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(Ilha do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Marajó">Marajo</normalizedToken>
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?),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Ducke RB 16906</emphasis>
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(holotype RB!, isotypes A!, MG!, P!, U!, US!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">Hymenaea courbaril</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">subsessilis</emphasis>
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Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 265. 1925, syn. nov. Neotype (designated by Lee and Langenheim in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 69: 89. 1975): Brasil, Amazonas, Flores,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Ducke MG 11167</emphasis>
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(neotype MG!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multiflora">Hymenaea multiflora</taxonomicName>
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Kleinhoonte, Recueil Trav. Bot. Neerl. 22: 405. 1925. Type: Suriname, Boschreserve, Kaboeri, Coll. by the Forestry Bureau Herb. 4943 (holotype U!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacarpa">Inga megacarpa</taxonomicName>
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M.E. Jones, Contr. West Bot. 15: 140. 1929. Type:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, Nayarit,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">M.E. Jones 23012</emphasis>
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(holotype RSA!, isotypes F!, GH!, NY!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">Hymenaea courbaril</taxonomicName>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">villosa</emphasis>
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Y.T. Lee and Andrade-Lima, J. Arnold Arbor. 55: 446. 1974, syn. nov. Type: Brasil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
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, Paquevira de Natuba,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Lee and Andrade-Lima 83</emphasis>
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(holotype UC!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
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Large trees, to 30 m tall. Petiole 1.1-1.7 (-2) cm long; petiolule 4-5 mm long; leaflets 6-9 (-10.2)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.8-4 (-5.1) cm, elliptic, rarely ovate, straight or slightly falcate due to central vein with an angle c. 10°, apex acute or obtuse, rarely acuminate, base acute along the inner margin and rounded along the outer margin, distance from the inner margin to central vein 7-10 mm in the basal region. Flower buds 2.1-2.5 cm
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="109" start="start">long</pageBreakToken>
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; flower 2.2-3.1 cm long; hypanthium 7-15 mm long; petals 1.1-2.0 cm long. Fruit cylindrical, of uniform width, apex mostly rounded and apiculate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is defined here more narrowly than the circumscription adopted by
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<bibRefCitation author="Lee, Y-T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="B22" refString="Lee, Y-T, Langenheim, JH, 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." title="Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." year="1975">Lee and Langenheim (1975)</bibRefCitation>
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, as we are proposing the exclusion of the varieties
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">altissima</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">longifolia</emphasis>
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and their recognition as distinct species. In this narrower sense,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by leaflets with slightly convex inner margins and midrib slightly arched, resulting in an elliptic or ovate outline, not or only slightly falcate, apex mostly acute or obtuse (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Leaf morphology of the species recognized in the Hymenaea courbaril complex: A Hymenaea longifolia B Hymenaea courbaril C Hymenaea altissima. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10662" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
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|
|
). It presents flowers larger than the other species of the
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
complex, and cylindrical fruits mostly with more than five seeds (
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Morphological comparison between Hymenaea courbaril, Hymenaea altissima, and Hymenaea longifolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5641E2730BBF9E181E38DFF00F620044" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="5641E2730BBF9E181E38DFF00F620044">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). It has a wide geographical range, mostly in different nuclei of Seasonally Dry Forests in Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, northern South America, Bolivia, and Brazil (from the Amazon region to
|
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|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
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|
|
State in the south).
|
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|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
|
|||
|
|
Nomenclatural problems with several names associated with
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were not amended by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, Y-T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="B22" refString="Lee, Y-T, Langenheim, JH, 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." title="Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." year="1975">Lee and Langenheim (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
when they undertook their taxonomic revision of the genus. No formal type for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stilbocarpa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea stilbocarpa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was cited by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, Y-T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="B22" refString="Lee, Y-T, Langenheim, JH, 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." title="Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." year="1975">Lee and Langenheim (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, who stated that no specimen was cited in the original description of Hayne (1830). However, Hayne (1830) based
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stilbocarpa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea stilbocarpa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
on material collected by Martius, citing
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Wäscht">"Waescht</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
in Brasilien in
|
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|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wäldern">Waeldern</normalizedToken>
|
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|
|
der Provinzen S. Paulo, Minas Geraes und Bahia (Martius)". We found a specimen in the M herbarium collected by Martius in the Brazilian state of
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
Paulo (Santana farm) with an attached label indicating that this plant was distributed over the "Prov. Rio de
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jº">J°</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
., S. Paulo, Minas Geraes, Bahia", which probably served as the original material for
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hayne’s">Hayne's</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
description of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stilbocarpa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Hymenaea stilbocarpa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Thus, we are lectotypifying this species with
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martius’">Martius'</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
specimen held in M under the barcode number M-0215314.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertifolia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="110" start="start">Hymenaea</pageBreakToken>
|
|||
|
|
confertifolia
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Hayne was based on material collected by Sellow and Olfers in Brazil (
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Wächst">"Waechst</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
in Brasilien (Olfers u. Sellow)"; Hayne 1830: table 9). Lee and Langenheim (1975: 88) stated that this name was based on
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Sellow 1025</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and that the
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="“holotype”">"holotype"</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
in the B herbarium was destroyed. However, as Hayne (1830) did not refer to one particular specimen, all materials collected by Sellow or Olfers that can be linked with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertifolia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea confertifolia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
should be considered syntypes. No such specimens can be found in the B herbarium, and were probably destroyed. A duplicate from B collected by Sellow was found in W annotated as
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertifolia">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea confertifolia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and is designated here as the lectotype of this name.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retusa">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea retusa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
Willd. ex Hayne was published as a homotypic synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candolleana">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea candolleana</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(Hayne 1830). It is thus illegitimate under the Article 52 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="McNeill, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" publicationUrl="http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.html" refId="B25" refString="McNeill, J, Barrie, CFR, Buck, WR, Demoulin, V, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Marhold, K, Prado, J, Prud'Homme, van Reine WF, Smith, GF, Wiersema, JH, 2011. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melborne Code)., http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.html [ [accessed 21 Nov 2013] ]" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melborne Code)" url="http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.html" year="2011">McNeill et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
var.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">obtusifolia</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ducke was published based on a tree cultivated in the
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
Botanical Garden (now Museu Paraense
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Emílio">Emilio</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
Goeldi,
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Belém">Belem</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
, state of
|
|||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
|
|||
|
|
, Brazil).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, Y-T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="B22" refString="Lee, Y-T, Langenheim, JH, 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." title="Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." year="1975">Lee and Langenheim (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
misinterpreted this as evidence that the holotype was the specimen in the herbarium of this museum (MG). However, Ducke (1925: 47) explicitly stated that "specimina florifera and fructus in herb. Jard. Bot. Rio n. 16.906", and thus the RB material should be considered as the holotype of this name.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
|
|||
|
|
Ducke (1925: 265) did not cite any specimen when describing
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Hymenaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="courbaril">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Hymenaea courbaril</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
var.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">subsessilis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Ducke.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lee, Y-T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="B22" refString="Lee, Y-T, Langenheim, JH, 1975. Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." title="Systematics of the genus Hymenaea L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae). University of California Publications in Botany 69: 109." year="1975">Lee and Langenheim (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
did not explicitly designate a type for this variety, but chose a "representative specimen" collected "in the same general area believed to be the type locality". We are accepting it as an inferential typification, and the status of this material should be a neotype since no other specimen was refereed in the protologue.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|