<documentid="C632611C4B48A1EE1449C88CFA6198BE"ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2017.13.3"ID-ISSN="2336-9744"ID-ZooBank="EE7862B4-B2A1-4763-AC30-8D567320902D"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe"IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas"IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas"checkinTime="1720661630041"checkinUser="felipe"docAuthor="Teruel, Rolando & Coulis, Mathieu"docDate="2017"docId="4F67C953FFCE9943FDF6FCFF52CDEC65"docLanguage="en"docName="EcolMontenegrina.13.30-36.pdf"docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 13"docStyle="DocumentStyle:3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE.2:EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article"docStyleId="3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE"docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article"docStyleVersion="2"docTitle="Charinus martinicensis Teruel & Coulis, 2017, new species"docType="treatment"docUuid="EE00B28E-FDE2-4082-B1E0-73EE7F35D70F"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="2"lastPageNumber="35"masterDocId="B35EB12BFFCF9946FFB7FFBE5128E84F"masterDocTitle="First record of the genus Charinus Simon, 1892 from Martinique, Lesser Antilles, with description of a new species (Amblypygi: Charinidae)"masterLastPageNumber="36"masterPageNumber="30"pageNumber="31"updateTime="1723078797795"updateUser="jonas"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:titleid="4B0F64ED144D469B3B3B55DBB0F42916">First record of the genus Charinus Simon, 1892 from Martinique, Lesser Antilles, with description of a new species (Amblypygi: Charinidae)</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="998340BFCF01F9D10D2AB53C315542EE">Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad (BIOECO), Museo de Historia Natural " Tomás Romay ". José A. Saco # 601, esquina a Barnada; Santiago de Cuba 90100; CUBA. E-mail: rteruel @ bioeco. cu [Corresponding Author]</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCE9947FDF6FCFF527BEB14"ID-CoL="TNVL"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[577,851,833,860]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="1"pageNumber="31"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="5FF564C0FFCE9947FD14FCDD521AEB31"box="[675,818,867,894]"captionStart-0="Figure 1"captionStart-1="Figure 2"captionStart-2="Figures 3-4. 3"captionStartId-0="1.[151,226,1954,1978]"captionStartId-1="2.[151,226,1935,1959]"captionStartId-2="5.[151,237,1938,1962]"captionTargetBox-0="[186,1385,1449,1897]"captionTargetBox-1="[266,1314,197,1897]"captionTargetBox-2="[168,1419,1078,1920]"captionTargetId-0="figure-385@1.[151,1435,1400,1947]"captionTargetId-1="figure-7@2.[251,1336,189,1916]"captionTargetId-2="figure-255@5.[168,1419,1078,1920]"captionTargetPageId-0="1"captionTargetPageId-1="2"captionTargetPageId-2="5"captionText-0="Figure 1. Adult female holotype of Charinus martinicensis sp. n., full-body views: a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar: 5 mm."captionText-1="Figure 2. Adult female holotype of Charinus martinicensis sp. n., close-ups: a) chelicerae and pedipalps, dorsal; b) chelicerae and pedipalps, ventral; c) carapace, dorsal; d) chelicerae and frontal area of carapace, dorsal; e) sternal area, ventral; f) abdomen, dorsal; g) abdomen, ventral; h) sternites I–IV, ventral. Scale bars: 2 mm (a–b), 1.5 mm (c–d, f–g), 1 mm (e–h)."captionText-2="Figures 3-4. 3 Adult female paratype of Charinus martinicensis sp. n.: a) photographed alive upon finding; b) natural habitat. 4 Map showing with black squares: a) known geographical distribution of the genus Charinus in the Antilles, including unpublished records from Cuba and Hispaniola by the present author; b) type locality of Charinus martinicensis sp. n."pageId="1"pageNumber="31">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
.
<tableCitationid="8A4C4DFEFFCE9947FC8AFCDD52B9EB31"box="[829,913,867,894]"captionStart="Table I"captionStartId="4.[151,216,195,219]"captionText="Table I. Measurements (mm) of three type-specimens of Charinus martinicensis sp. n. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W)."pageId="1"pageNumber="31">Table I</tableCitation>
<paragraphid="C7717845FFCE9947FF20FB9353B3EC25"blockId="1.[151,1435,1069,1130]"pageId="1"pageNumber="31">ETYMOLOGY. The selected specific epithet is a Latinized adjectival name derived from the toponym of the island where this species is known to occur.</paragraph>
) for the genus. Coloration immaculate olivaceous brown, with median and lateral ocular tubercles black. Carapace with all three ocular groups and their respective tubercles fully developed; frontal area widely convex. Tritosternum/tetrasternum/pentasternum with 3–2/2–1/1 pairs of spiniform macrosetae, respectively; tritosternum with a pair of apical spiniform setae. Leg I flagellum with 23 tibial and 37 tarsal segments. Leg IV basitibia either trisegmented or bisegmented. Tarsomere II of legs II–IV with translucent membranous ring complete.
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCE9947FD93F81F5208EFF6"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[548,800,1953,1977]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="1"pageNumber="31"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCD9944FD9DF831520EEFE8"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[554,806,1935,1959]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="2"pageNumber="32"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis"status="sp. nov.">
(fig. 1) uniformly olivaceous brown, slightly paler on venter and darker on carapace and pedipalps. Chelicerae reddish. Intersegmental membranes whitish. Carapace with median and lateral ocular tubercles blackish.
(figs. 2a–b) not attenuated, tegument minutely wrinkled, completely devoid of granules but with abundant spiniform setae in all segments, much stronger on trochanter and femur. Trochanter moderately covered with large spiniform setae, with one anterodorsal spine (long, sharp and sinuose); ventroapical spur large, thick and with tip very sharp and curved inwards. Femur with three dorsal spines (Fd-1> Fd-2> Fd-3, all subdivided by sutures), flanked externally by an oblique irregular row of 11–13 large setiferous tubercles and heavy spiniform macrosetae (stronger basally); ventrally with three spines (Fv- 1> Fv-2> Fv-3), plus five mostly small spiniform setae. Patella moderately flat; dorsally with three very large spines (Pd-1 <Pd-2 <Pd-3, none subdivided by sutures), plus a very large spine-like setiferous tubercle distal to Pd-3 (actually a modified Pd-4, slightly shorter than Pd-1); ventrally with two spines (Pv-1 about half the length of Pv-2, none subdivided by sutures) and about 11 spiniform setae irregularly arranged into two longitudinal rows. Tibia markedly flat; dorsally with two spines (Td-1 half the size of Td-2, none subdivided by sutures); ventrally with one spine (Tv-1), which is of similar size to Fv-1 and Pd-2 and not subdivided by any suture. Tarsus dorsally with two spines (Bd-1 almost three times shorter than Bd-2, none subdivided by sutures); ventrally smooth, with cleaning organ very long, closely barbed and distally stronger. Claw long, sharp, evenly curved inwards and smooth; membranose division between tarsus and postarsus well defined, but undulate (i.e., not circular).
(fig. 2c) widely cordiform, 1.29 times wider than long. Tegument minutely wrinkled, but otherwise completely devoid of granules and with a few minute setae symmetrically scattered on medial region. Frontal margin wide and markedly convex (widely protruded), with three pairs of spiniform setae; posterior margin with eight pairs of minute spiniform setae. Median eyes well-developed, median ocular tubercle strong but located inside a deep oval depression of the tegument, underlying melanic pigment fully developed; lateral eyes well developed but unpigmented, entirely translucent-white, lateral ocular tubercles well developed, with underlying melanic pigment fully developed.
(figs. 1b, 2e,g–h). Tritosternum long and apically narrow (vestigially bottleshaped), with two apical macrosetae plus two pairs of slightly smaller spiniform macrosetae (median and sub-basal), an additional basal pair smaller and thinner, and five spiniform microsetae irregularly arranged around basal part. Tetrasternum moderately sclerotized, wider than long and with a large median pair of spiniform macrosetae plus a much smaller basal pair of spiniform microsetae. Pentasternum moderately sclerotized, wider than long and with a large median pair of spiniform macrosetae plus a minute basal pair of spiniform microsetae. Metasternum weakly sclerotized, wider than long and with a pair of large spiniform setae. Sternites smooth, moderately covered by short, thin setae; genital operculum large, with posterior margin widely rounded.
(figs. 1a–b) slender but not unusually attenuated, femur sparsely covered with minute scalelike tubercles and spiniform setae of various sizes. Right leg I flagellum with 23 tibial and 37 tarsal segments, first tarsomere about twice as long as second; left leg flagellum missing. Leg IV basitibia trisegmented (left) or bisegmented (right). Tarsomere II of legs II–IV with the translucent membranous ring complete, representing a true tarsal subdivision.
. Such size variation is common in amblypygids, because there is no terminal ecdysis, i.e., individuals never stop molting and growing during their entire lifetime. Concurrently, the width/length ratio of carapace varies from 1.25–1.28 amongst
, which exhibits right Fv-2 folded from base, right Pd-2 folded distally, left Pv-2 folded from base, left Td-1 missing and left Bd-2 doubled. Moreover, the smaller
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCB9942FC96FF7D5536E894"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[801,1054,195,219]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis"status="sp. nov.">
: 23/23 tibial and 37/37 tarsal segments. The remaining specimen has 23/21 tibial and 32/39 tarsal segments, with tarsal part of left leg and complete right leg showing clear evidence of regeneration, i.e., many segments are much shorter than normal.
. The female collected in 2017 has right basitibia fully trisegmented but left basitibia partially trisegmented (basalmost division only involves dorsal half). Both
The coloration described above corresponds to freshly preserved specimens. In live individuals it is moderately darker, with a satin sheen due to the presence of the same cerotegument recently described for other amblypygids (
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCB9942FE36FAE25372ED38"author="Wolff, J. O. & Schwaha, T. & Seiter M. & Gorb, S. N."box="[385,602,1372,1399]"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"pagination="1 - 10"refId="ref3417"refString="Wolff, J. O., Schwaha, T., Seiter M. & Gorb, S. N. (2016) Whip-spiders (Amblypygi) become waterrepellent by a colloidal secretion that self-assembles into hierarchical microstructures. Zoological Letters, 2 (23), 1 - 10."type="journal article"year="2016">
COMPARISONS. The presence of fully developed median eyes and ocular tubercle makes this new species very easy to distinguish from all other Antillean described congeners, except
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCB9942FA9CFA7C51FEEDB1"author="Quintero, D."pageId="4"pageNumber="34"pagination="1 - 54"refId="ref3174"refString="Quintero, D. (1983) Revision of the amblypygid spiders of Cuba and their relationships with the Caribbean and continental American amblypygid fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 65, 1 - 54."type="journal article"year="1983">Quintero, 1983</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCB9942FF5BFA5D53F4EDB1"authority="Teruel & Questel, 2011"authorityName="Teruel & Questel"authorityYear="2011"box="[236,732,1507,1534]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bruneti">
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCB9942FE08FA5D53F4EDB1"author="Teruel, R. & Questel, K."box="[447,732,1507,1534]"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"pagination="15 - 18"refId="ref3299"refString="Teruel, R. & Questel, K. (2011) A new species of Charinus Simon 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) from the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 49, 15 - 18."type="journal article"year="2011">Teruel & Questel, 2011</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCB9942FC43F996559EEE0E"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[1012,1206,1576,1602]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis"status="sp. n.">
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCB9942FEECF9F450FAEE2B"authorityName="Teruel & Questel"authorityYear="2011"box="[347,466,1609,1636]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="4"pageNumber="34"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bruneti">
<paragraphid="C7717845FFCB9942FF20F94F557EEF61"blockId="4.[151,1435,1777,1838]"pageId="4"pageNumber="34">ECOLOGICAL NOTES. All specimens were found hanging to the underside of limestone rocks (fig. 3a), semi-buried in the deep leaf litter of the coastal semicaducifolious forest (fig. 3b).</paragraph>
collected in 2016 have the median area of sternite II with an irregularly-sculptured, raised area that blocks the genital operculum from being lifted. It is most likely a teratology derived from a disease or accident, because the operculum is completely normal in the
<paragraphid="C7717845FFCA9943FEBEFEB95438E96D"blockId="5.[151,1437,195,290]"box="[265,1296,263,290]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35">With this addition, the list of the Antillean charinid amblypygids is raised to 15 species:</paragraph>
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE16FEF45371E92A"author="Quintero, D."box="[417,601,330,357]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="1 - 54"refId="ref3174"refString="Quintero, D. (1983) Revision of the amblypygid spiders of Cuba and their relationships with the Caribbean and continental American amblypygid fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 65, 1 - 54."type="journal article"year="1983">Quintero, 1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE0AFED25370E9C8"author="Teruel, R."box="[445,600,364,391]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="3 - 12"refId="ref3262"refString="Teruel, R. (2016) The genus Charinus Simon 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) on the island of Hispaniola, Greater Antilles. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 28, 3 - 12."type="journal article"year="2016">Teruel, 2016</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FE305392E9E6"authority="Teruel & Questel, 2011"authorityName="Teruel & Questel"authorityYear="2011"box="[208,698,398,425]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bruneti">
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE16FE305392E9E6"author="Teruel, R. & Questel, K."box="[417,698,398,425]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="15 - 18"refId="ref3299"refString="Teruel, R. & Questel, K. (2011) A new species of Charinus Simon 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) from the Leeward Islands, Lesser Antilles. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 49, 15 - 18."type="journal article"year="2011">Teruel & Questel, 2011</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FE6F539DE9A3"authority="Armas & Avila, 2001"authorityName="Armas & Avila"authorityYear="2001"box="[208,693,465,492]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="centralis">
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE0EFE4D535AEA41"author="Quintero, D."box="[441,626,499,526]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="1 - 54"refId="ref3174"refString="Quintero, D. (1983) Revision of the amblypygid spiders of Cuba and their relationships with the Caribbean and continental American amblypygid fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 65, 1 - 54."type="journal article"year="1983">Quintero, 1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE3BFDAB536CEA7F"author="Quintero, D."box="[396,580,533,560]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="1 - 54"refId="ref3174"refString="Quintero, D. (1983) Revision of the amblypygid spiders of Cuba and their relationships with the Caribbean and continental American amblypygid fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 65, 1 - 54."type="journal article"year="1983">Quintero, 1983</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FD8853E2EA1E"authority="Teruel & Questel, 2015"authorityName="Teruel & Questel"authorityYear="2015"box="[208,714,566,593]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="desirade">
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE06FD8853E2EA1E"author="Teruel, R. & Questel, K."box="[433,714,566,593]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="43 - 47"refId="ref3344"refString="Teruel, R. & Questel, K. (2015) A new species of Charinus Simon 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 26, 43 - 47."type="journal article"year="2015">Teruel & Questel, 2015</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FDE653CCEA3C"authority="Armas & Perez, 2001"authorityName="Armas & Perez"authorityYear="2001"box="[208,740,600,627]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="dominicanus">
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FDC453DEEADA"authority="Teruel & Coulis, 2017"authorityName="Teruel & Coulis"authorityYear="2017"box="[208,758,634,661]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="martinicensis">
<taxonomicNameid="00CE03C6FFCA9943FF67FD2253F6EAF8"authority="Armas & Teruel, 1997"authorityName="Armas & Teruel"authorityYear="1997"box="[208,734,668,695]"class="Arachnida"family="Charinidae"genus="Charinus"kingdom="Animalia"order="Amblypygi"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="muchmorei">
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE5EFD6153ADEAB5"author="Armas, L. F. de"box="[489,645,735,762]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="223 - 245"refId="ref3139"refString="Armas, L. F. de. (2006) Sinopsis de los amblipigidos antillanos (Arachnida: Amblypygi). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 38, 223 - 245."type="journal article"year="2006">Armas, 2006</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FE0EFC9C535AEB72"author="Quintero, D."box="[441,626,802,829]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="1 - 54"refId="ref3174"refString="Quintero, D. (1983) Revision of the amblypygid spiders of Cuba and their relationships with the Caribbean and continental American amblypygid fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 65, 1 - 54."type="journal article"year="1983">Quintero, 1983</bibRefCitation>
<collectingCountryid="BFD938D5FFCA9943FDE3FC36523CEBEC"box="[596,788,904,931]"name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"pageId="5"pageNumber="35">The Grenadines</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FC9CFC3652E7EBEC"author="Armas, L. F. de"box="[811,975,904,931]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="223 - 245"refId="ref3139"refString="Armas, L. F. de. (2006) Sinopsis de los amblipigidos antillanos (Arachnida: Amblypygi). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 38, 223 - 245."type="journal article"year="2006">Armas, 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitationid="A35F05B4FFCA9943FC57FC365425EBEC"author="Teruel, R. & Questel, K."box="[992,1293,904,931]"pageId="5"pageNumber="35"pagination="43 - 47"refId="ref3344"refString="Teruel, R. & Questel, K. (2015) A new species of Charinus Simon 1892 (Amblypygi: Charinidae) from Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 26, 43 - 47."type="journal article"year="2015">Teruel & Questel, 2015</bibRefCitation>
; R. Teruel, unpublished data), and more additions are expected as other islands of the Antilles become better sampled for these tiny amblypygids. For example, when the present paper was already submitted to press, new fieldwork in another site of
