<documentid="0BCA78F1932FB262AEBBE3866A328F89"ID-CLB-Dataset="22248"ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2013.51"ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5c53b3d-2f01-4805-8cb0-2c788edc9737"ID-ISSN="2118-9773"ID-Zenodo-Dep="3820535"ID-ZooBank="D20CE35E-08CF-41EE-9700-ABDEA6F4413E"IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe"IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe"IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe"IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina"IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe"checkinTime="1589220100437"checkinUser="carolina"docAuthor="Blaimer, Bonnie B. & Fisher, Brian L."docDate="2013"docId="03BEDE7EFFD6FFAC5B2704DDFDF6F829"docLanguage="en"docName="ejt-2013-51.pdf.imf"docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 51"docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911"docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1"docStyleVersion="14"docTitle="Crematogaster maina Blaimer & Fisher 2013, sp. nov."docType="treatment"docUuid="A59911D0-2601-405F-91CF-355998892F4E"docUuidSource="ZooBank"docVersion="14"lastPageNumber="43"masterDocId="FF87A606FFF0FF8659140771FFA1FFC2"masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the Crematogaster degeeri-species-assemblage in the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)"masterLastPageNumber="64"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="39"updateTime="1732480445487"updateUser="ExternalLinkService"zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0"zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0"zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:titleid="2D00202EDCD893C1660386D0852174D2">Taxonomy of the Crematogaster degeeri-species-assemblage in the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
<mods:affiliationid="142859F585CA029A3BC0473DB49476BE">Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA E-mail: bonnieblaimer @ gmail. com (corresponding author) & Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 2 ADA 98 B 1 - 6 FEC- 446 E-B 056 - 9244 F 417 F 0 BC</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="5EED79FEE3B70A84C1B25B5BCA3D147D">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 7 CFCBBE 5 - 5443 - 4 F 94 - B 2 AC- 04 BFD 4 D 520 F 0</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA05B2704DDFC3EFC04"ID-CoL="CLMN7"authority="Blaimer"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[563,927,940,966]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFD6FFA05BCF0486FCF9FBD0"box="[731,856,1015,1042]"captionStart-0="Fig"captionStart-1="Fig"captionStartId-0="40.[189,232,1965,1991]"captionStartId-1="41.[189,232,1930,1956]"captionTargetBox-0="[209,1379,801,1918]"captionTargetBox-1="[200,1390,275,1878]"captionTargetId-0="figure@40.[198,1388,797,1926]"captionTargetId-1="figure@41.[189,1398,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId-0="40"captionTargetPageId-1="41"captionText-0="Fig. 15. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., workers. A-C. Worker (CASENT0317758). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D-F. Worker (CASENT0317760). D. Full-face. E. Profile. F. Dorsal."captionText-1="Fig. 16. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., queen, male and distribution. A-C. Queen (CASENT0485040). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D. Species distribution. E-F. Male (CASENT0455252). E. Full-face. F. Profile."figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825381"figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825383"httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3825381/files/figure.png"httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3825383/files/figure.png"pageId="38"pageNumber="39">Figs 15-16</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA059A9031DFE1AFB44"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[189,443,1132,1158]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
-assemblage by its yellow body coloration. It is considerably smaller than
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA05A4B03E3FC16FB6E"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[863,951,1170,1196]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bara"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA05B4403C9FD0BFB13"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[592,682,1207,1234]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bara"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA058C003ACFD8DFB35"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[468,556,1245,1271]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bara"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD6FFA05DF10209FA8FFA53"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[1253,1326,1400,1425]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina">
<materialsCitationid="3B7F6535FFD6FFA059FE0160FAE8F95E"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612042302"collectingDate="2010-03-21"collectionCode="CASC"collectorName="B. B. Blaimer"elevation="160"latitude="-25.013666"location="PN Andohahela"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="46.6465"municipality="Worker"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"specimenCode="CASENT0317758"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-worker="1"stateProvince="Toliara"typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingDateid="EFEDB040FFD6FFA058AB01F3FDFEF95E"box="[447,607,1666,1692]"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"value="2010-03-21">21 Mar. 2010</collectingDate>
<collectionCodeid="ED06F7ADFFD6FFA05DE001F3FAE5F95E"box="[1268,1348,1666,1692]"collectionName="USA, California, San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences"pageId="38"pageNumber="39">CASC</collectionCode>
<collectionCodeid="ED06F7ADFFD6FFA059A90060FEB5F8E9"box="[189,276,1809,1835]"collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)"country="South Africa"httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz"name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
.
<materialsCitationid="3B7F6535FFD6FFA058350060FC92F8E9"ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3761959321"box="[289,819,1809,1835]"collectingDate="2010-03-21"collectionCode="MHNG"collectorName="B. B. Blaimer"elevation="160"latitude="-25.013666"location="PN Andohahela"longLatPrecision="1"longitude="46.6465"municipality="Worker"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"specimenCode="CASENT0317790"specimenCount="1"specimenCount-worker="4"stateProvince="Toliara"typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCodeid="ED06F7ADFFD6FFA05DF90060FAE5F8E9"box="[1261,1348,1809,1835]"collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology"pageId="38"pageNumber="39">MCZC</collectionCode>
<collectionCodeid="ED06F7ADFFD6FFA05B2D0046FD2FF893"box="[569,654,1847,1873]"collectionName="USA, California, Davis, University of California, R.M. Bohart Museum of Entomology"pageId="38"pageNumber="39">UCDC</collectionCode>
<locationid="8EC839B3FFD6FFA05B1400DDFD64F807"LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BEDE7EFFD6FFAC5B2704DDFDF6F829:8EC839B3FFD6FFA05B1400DDFD64F807"box="[512,709,1963,1990]"country="Madagascar"latitude="-25.0137"longLatPrecision="7"longitude="46.6465"name="P. N. Andohahela"pageId="38"pageNumber="39"stateProvince="Toliara">P.N. Andohahela</location>
<emphasisid="B963B37AFFD7FFA159A9067AFE58FEE7"bold="true"box="[189,505,267,293]"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">Other material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="8BA86F68FFD7FFA159A9064BFC41FE96"blockId="39.[189,992,314,340]"box="[189,992,314,340]"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">(BBBC, CASC, MCZC, PSWC): refer to Supplementary Material 1.</paragraph>
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFD7FFA159D205B1FEEAFD19"box="[198,331,704,731]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="40.[189,232,1965,1991]"captionTargetBox="[209,1379,801,1918]"captionTargetId="figure@40.[198,1388,797,1926]"captionTargetPageId="40"captionText="Fig. 15. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., workers. A-C. Worker (CASENT0317758). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D-F. Worker (CASENT0317760). D. Full-face. E. Profile. F. Dorsal."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825381"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825381/files/figure.png"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">
1.12); posterior margin of head in full-face view laterally subangular or rounded, sometimes slightly medially depressed; occipital carinae distinct; antennal scapes usually about reaching head margin; midline of eyes situated at or slightly above midline of head in full-face view; eyes moderately large (OI 0.20
Pronotum laterally subangular, often carinate; usually promesonotal suture indistinct, and mesonotum forming a flat plane with respect to pronotum; in larger workers (
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFD7FFA15AF30484FBD1FBCD"box="[999,1136,1013,1040]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="40.[189,232,1965,1991]"captionTargetBox="[209,1379,801,1918]"captionTargetId="figure@40.[198,1388,797,1926]"captionTargetPageId="40"captionText="Fig. 15. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., workers. A-C. Worker (CASENT0317758). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D-F. Worker (CASENT0317760). D. Full-face. E. Profile. F. Dorsal."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825381"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825381/files/figure.png"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">
) promesonotal suture present, and mesonotum raised and anteriorly projecting over pronotum; mesonotum usually without a posterior face; mesonotum posterolaterally with raised carinae or sometimes small denticles, but not distinctly set off from propodeum, forming one convex outline with the latter in lateral view; metanotal groove very shallow, laterally bordered by carinae but not constricted; propodeal spines short (SPI 0.07
0.14), straight and spiniform; dorsal face of propodeum very short or absent; posterior face of propodeum usually gently sloping; petiole in dorsal view broadly or sharply flared and convex, dorsolaterally rounded, without posterolateral tubercules; subpetiolar process mostly present as sharp acute tooth; postpetiole very distinctly bilobed, separated by a broad median impression; subpostpetiolar process absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="8BA86F68FFD7FFA159A90204FC3FF9A6"blockId="39.[189,1399,1397,1637]"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">Head sculpture aciculate; pronotum costulate, carinulate or reticulate, propodeum often carinulate; rest of mesosoma, petiole, postpetiole reticulate; face usually with <ten erect longer setae, and regular shorter appressed pubescence; erect pilosity on promesonotum usually restricted to lateral margins, usually <ten setae; otherwise promesonotum dorsally with sparse appressed to subdecumbent pubescence; petiole and postpetiole usually with a pair of short erect setae posterolaterally, and shorter appressed pubescence; abdominal tergites and sternites four to seven with abundant, short, erect pilosity, and sparse appressed to decumbent pubescence throughout. Color uniformly yellow.</paragraph>
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFD7FFA159D200DCFEEEF805"box="[198,335,1965,1991]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="41.[189,232,1930,1956]"captionTargetBox="[200,1390,275,1878]"captionTargetId="figure@41.[189,1398,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId="41"captionText="Fig. 16. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., queen, male and distribution. A-C. Queen (CASENT0485040). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D. Species distribution. E-F. Male (CASENT0455252). E. Full-face. F. Profile."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825383"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825383/files/figure.png"pageId="39"pageNumber="40">
0.99); dorsal face of propodeum short; propodeal spines or tubercules absent; petiole moderately to greatly flared, postpetiole with a complete, but superficial impression; subpetiolar process variable, usually absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="8BA86F68FFD8FFAE59A9056AFC7CFD00"blockId="40.[189,1399,539,706]"pageId="40"pageNumber="41">Sculpture aciculate throughout; face usually with <ten longer erect setae and abundant, shorter, erect to suberect pilosity; mesonotum with abundant short, and scattered longer, erect setae; petiole and postpetiole with dense short suberect to decumbent pilosity, and postpetiole with additional longer dorso-posterior setae; abdominal tergites and sternites four to seven with sparse, scattered erect pilosity and regular appressed pubescence. Color as in workers; wings clear.</paragraph>
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD8FFAE583900DFFD92F805"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[301,563,1966,1992]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="40"pageNumber="41"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFD9FFAF583400FAFD81F866"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[288,544,1931,1957]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="41"pageNumber="42"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFDAFFAC59D2053DFEE9FDA5"box="[198,328,588,615]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="41.[189,232,1930,1956]"captionTargetBox="[200,1390,275,1878]"captionTargetId="figure@41.[189,1398,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId="41"captionText="Fig. 16. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., queen, male and distribution. A-C. Queen (CASENT0485040). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D. Species distribution. E-F. Male (CASENT0455252). E. Full-face. F. Profile."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825383"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825383/files/figure.png"pageId="42"pageNumber="43">
Mandibles very short and reduced, with one singular apical tooth; clypeus not much protruding; eyes fairly large (OI 0.48) and protruding, midline of eyes situated well below midline of head, almost extending to clypeal margin; antennae 12-segmented; head wider than long (CI 1.23
1.18); scutellum in dorsal view broadly tapering from anterior to posterior end, dorsoposterior part rounded; metanotum protruding from below scutellum; dorsal face of propodeum short; propodeal spines absent; petiole in dorsal view oval, laterally rounded, in lateral view anteriorly greatly tapering; subpetiolar process absent; postpetiole fairly flat and short, lacking median impression.
</paragraph>
<paragraphid="8BA86F68FFDAFFAC59A9032FFAF9FB0A"blockId="42.[189,1398,1118,1225]"pageId="42"pageNumber="43">Head sculpture reticulate; mesoscutum with very fine longitudinal carinulae; otherwise sculpture more or less shiny to aciculate; sparse appressed to decumbent pubescence on head and mesosoma, a few short erect setae on face may be present; rest of pilosity similar to queens. Color pale to light brown.</paragraph>
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5BC50259FC6EFA80"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[721,975,1320,1346]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
is a very abundant species at low elevations throughout the dry forests, littoral forests and spiny forests of Madagascar, the Comoros Islands and Mayotte (
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFDAFFAC58AA0209FD8DFA51"box="[446,556,1400,1427]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="41.[189,232,1930,1956]"captionTargetBox="[200,1390,275,1878]"captionTargetId="figure@41.[189,1398,265,1890]"captionTargetPageId="41"captionText="Fig. 16. Crematogaster maina sp. nov., queen, male and distribution. A-C. Queen (CASENT0485040). A. Full-face. B. Profile. C. Dorsal. D. Species distribution. E-F. Male (CASENT0455252). E. Full-face. F. Profile."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825383"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825383/files/figure.png"pageId="42"pageNumber="43">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
). It has also been collected at higher elevations in more humid habitats (up to
), but we suspect that some of these occurrences could represent tramp-like introductions to suboptimal habitats.
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC58C502B9FD70FA23"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[465,721,1480,1506]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5DEF02B9FAD7FA20"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"baseAuthorityName="Dalla Torre"baseAuthorityYear="1893"box="[1275,1398,1480,1506]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="dentata"status="stat. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC58270281FE15F9CB"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[307,436,1520,1546]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="ramamy"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5B360281FD3FF9C8"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[546,670,1520,1546]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="tricolor"status="stat. nov.">
, and at some locations is also known to co-occur with
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC587C0169FE41F9F0"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[360,480,1560,1586]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="mafybe"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5BCA0169FC99F9F0"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[734,824,1560,1586]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="bara"status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5AC20169FBC7F9F0"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[982,1126,1560,1586]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="masokely"status="sp. nov.">
The species is most often encountered nesting arboreally in dead twigs or branches. This species has only been found at baits during the night and has never been observed foraging during the day. We conclude that it is nocturnal, which would explain its pale coloration.
<taxonomicNameid="4C1714EBFFDAFFAC5BA00078FCBFF8E1"authority="Blaimer & Fisher, 2013"authorityName="Blaimer & Fisher"authorityYear="2013"box="[692,798,1801,1827]"class="Insecta"family="Formicidae"genus="Crematogaster"kingdom="Animalia"order="Hymenoptera"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"phylum="Arthropoda"rank="species"species="maina"status="sp. nov.">
<tableCitationid="C6955AD3FFDAFFAC5C190040FAC6F889"box="[1293,1383,1841,1867]"captionStart="Table 3"captionStartId="8.[189,258,268,294]"captionTargetId="graphics@8.[189,1403,394,1151]"captionTargetPageId="8"captionText="Table 3. Summary of Tamura-Nei distance matrix. Divergences of cytochrome oxidase I sequences, as estimated under the Tamura-Nei Model (Tamura & Nei 1993) within the software MEGA5 (Tamura et al. 2011). Bold font emphasizes highest levels of divergence within and between species."httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF683FE0FFF8FF8E59A9067DFB51FEAE"pageId="42"pageNumber="43"tableUuid="DF683FE0FFF8FF8E59A9067DFB51FEAE">Table 3</tableCitation>
), and further do not group as closest relatives to these in our analysis (
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFDAFFAC5AED0028FBE4F8B1"box="[1017,1093,1881,1907]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="6.[189,232,1754,1780]"captionTargetBox="[491,1096,271,1706]"captionTargetId="figure@6.[482,1105,265,1715]"captionTargetPageId="6"captionText="Fig. 1. Mitochondrial phylogeny of species in the Crematogaster degeeri-assemblage. Results of Bayesian inference based on 592 bp of COI, summarized as a consensus tree in MrBayes. Support values in black represent posterior probabilities (pp), those in blue ML (Maximum Likelihood) bootstrap values>70, and those in red ML bootstrap values<70. Values pp <0.96 are not shown; nodes not present in the ML analysis are represented by a dash instead of a bootstrap value. The scale bar shows nucleotide changes per base pair. Long branches subtending the outgroup taxa C. madecassa Emery, 1895, C. ranavalonae Forel, 1887 and C. hova-complex have been shortened. Appended numbers on taxon labels represent CASENT#’s of respective voucher specimens."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825353"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825353/files/figure.png"pageId="42"pageNumber="43">Figs 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitationid="132C73EDFFDAFFAC5D950028FB08F8B1"box="[1153,1193,1881,1907]"captionStart="Fig"captionStartId="9.[189,232,1754,1780]"captionTargetBox="[445,1161,276,1707]"captionTargetId="figure@9.[419,1168,265,1713]"captionTargetPageId="9"captionText="Fig. 2. Relatedness of populations between Madagascar and the wider Malagasy region. Subsets of the same phylogeny as shown in Fig. 1, with broad geographical origin of sequenced individuals mapped onto the tree for: A. Crematogaster maina sp. nov. B. Crematogaster dentata stat. nov. C. Crematogaster tricolor stat. rev. Support values in black represent posterior probabilities (pp), those in blue ML bootstrap values> 70 and those in red ML bootstrap values <70. Values pp <0.96 are not shown; nodes not present in the ML analysis are represented by a dash instead of a bootstrap value. The scale bar shows nucleotide changes per base pair. Distance between Madagascar and Islands is not drawn to scale. Appended numbers on taxon labels represent CASENT#’s of respective voucher specimens."figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825355"httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825355/files/figure.png"pageId="42"pageNumber="43">2A</figureCitation>
). However, since we cannot find conclusive morphological evidence to distinguish the island population from the one on
