treatments-xml/data/30/AD/50/30AD50E533AE86C775C90B85C5A2C715.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176" ID-GBIF-Dataset="94412404-3d54-460b-8ade-4f1aac4b78b9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154474109" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049--33" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-4049--33" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys " ModsDocTitle="Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs – a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)" checkinTime="1553125642903" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jeppson, Mikael, Altes, Alberto, Moreno, Gabriel, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Yolanda Loarce,, Bustos, Alfredo de &amp; Larsson, Ellen" docDate="2017" docId="30AD50E533AE86C775C90B85C5A2C715" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 21: 33-88" docOrigin="MycoKeys 21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176" docTitle="Tulostoma calcareum Jeppson, Altes, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss., sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FF87AC788F68FFC8784EFFD5FFE2FF8E" masterDocTitle="Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="33" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1643485808559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jeppson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Altes, Alberto</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moreno, Gabriel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nilsson, R. Henrik</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yolanda Loarce,</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bustos, Alfredo de</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Larsson, Ellen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>33</mods:start>
<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049--33</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154474109" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:30AD50E533AE86C775C90B85C5A2C715" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/30AD50E533AE86C775C90B85C5A2C715" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName LSID="819399" authority="Jeppson, Altes, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma calcareum" order="Agaricales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="calcareum">
Tulostoma calcareum Jeppson, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Altés">Altes</normalizedToken>
, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
Sweden, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Södermanland">Soedermanland</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mörkö">Moerkoe</normalizedToken>
, Egelsvik, Kalkberget, on calcareous soil under 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia campestris" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campestris">Artemisia campestris</taxonomicName>
in rocky slope, 5 Nov. 2004, M. Jeppson 6965 (GB!, isotype AH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">The name refers to its habitat requirement, on calcareous sandy soil or among calcareous rocks and cliffs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
Spore-sac subglobose, often somewhat depressed, 5-12 mm. Exoperidium hyphal-verrucose, deciduous, sometimes persisting as whitish verrucae scattered on the endoperidial surface. Endoperidium brownish-ochraceous, initially rather dark coloured, with age fading to greyish white. Mouth circular, shortly tubular (Figure 3f), surrounded by a greyish or brownish peristome. Socket separated from the stem, inconspicuous. Stem slender, 20-50 x 2-3 mm, initially orange brown, with age warm reddish brown, longitudinally furrowed, smooth to fissured and appressed scaly, with a basal mycelial bulb (Figure 3a,e). Gleba ochraceous to ferrugineous brown. Capillitium 4-10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
with medium-thick walls, sometimes abundantly ramified. Septa not or very slightly widened (Figure 3b). Spores subglobose, 4.0-6.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(av. 4.7-5.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), verrucose-echinate. SEM-photos show spines in groups with connected tips, sometimes coalescing to form ridges and crests (Figure 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="g–i">g-i</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="44" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
and distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Occurs in dry, exposed to semi-shaded situations in calcareous, sandy habitats and on calcareous rocks and cliffs. It is currently on record from Hungary, Norway, Spain, and Sweden.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma calcareum" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="calcareum">Tulostoma calcareum</taxonomicName>
was commonly misinterpreted as 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
(cfr. 
<bibRefCitation author="Nitare, J" journalOrPublisher="ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala" pageId="47" pageNumber="80" title="Tulostomasquamosum. In: Larsson K-H (ed) Roedlistade svampar i Sverige - Artfakta." year="1997">Nitare 1997</bibRefCitation>
), under which name it is red-listed as Critically endangered (CR) in Sweden (
<bibRefCitation author="Ariyawansa, HA" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="43" pageNumber="76" title="Roedlistade arter i Sverige 2015. ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala." url="http://www.artdatabanken.se" year="2015">Artdatabanken 2015</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
by having a hyphal to slightly verrucose exoperidium, by lacking sphaerocysts, and by never forming the reticulate pattern typical of 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
. The stipe is also less squamulose. Spores and capillitial characters are almost identical. It differs from 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
, with which it can easily be confused, by having a more robust stature, more orange-reddish brown colours of the stipe, and slightly smaller spores (av. 4.7-5.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs 5.2-5.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
). SEM-photos of 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
(Figure 2i) show similar spore ornamentation but with spines with less tendency to coalesce and form ridges. In macro-morphology 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
is fairly similar to 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. ferrugineum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">T. ferrugineum</taxonomicName>
D.M. Oliver &amp; Hosford, a species described from northwestern USA, whose type material no one has been able to locate (
<bibRefCitation author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
). However, according to its original description, it differs from 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
by having distinctly widened capillitial septa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
HUNGARY, Budapest: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilisszántó">Pilisszanto</normalizedToken>
, on dolomite grassland, 31 Dec. 2013, P. Finy 4, (GB)*. NORWAY, Oppland: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vågå">Vaga</normalizedToken>
, 15 Jul. 2010, A. Breili S0133 (GB)*. SPAIN, Girona: Lloret de Mar, Platja de Fenals, sandy grassland with scattered pines, near hotel buildings, Oct. 2010, J-O. Aarnaes 2010-1 (GB)*. SWEDEN, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Södermanland">Soedermanland</normalizedToken>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mörkö">Moerkoe</normalizedToken>
, Egelsvik, Kalkberget, on calcareous soil under 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia campestris" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campestris">Artemisia campestris</taxonomicName>
in rocky slope, 5 Nov. 2004, M. Jeppson 6966 (GB). 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Öland">Oeland</normalizedToken>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Böda">Boeda</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramsnäs">Ramsnaes</normalizedToken>
, Hagudden, torrmark mellan fritidshus och strandvallen, 5 Apr. 2007, E. Hultqvist, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 9077 (GB); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gårdby">Gardby</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="sandgräshed">sandgraeshed</normalizedToken>
, 6 Mar. 1999, K. Bringer (GB); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gårdby">Gardby</normalizedToken>
, V. om 
<normalizedToken originalValue="hembygdsgården">hembygdsgarden</normalizedToken>
, sand steppe vegetation, 25 Sept. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7141 (GB)*; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Högsrum">Hoegsrum</normalizedToken>
, Karums alvar, dry calcareous grassland around 
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Juniperus</taxonomicName>
bush, 11 Nov. 2006, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ölands">Oelands</normalizedToken>
Botaniska 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förening">Foerening</normalizedToken>
, M. Jeppson 8065 (GB)*; Hulterstad, Alby, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="på">pa</normalizedToken>
Ancylusvallen vid infarten till skolan, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="väg-/trädgårdskant">vaeg-/traedgardskant</normalizedToken>
i 
<normalizedToken originalValue="gräsmatta">graesmatta</normalizedToken>
med mossor 
<normalizedToken originalValue="på">pa</normalizedToken>
sandig jord, 18 Apr. 1997, H. Lundqvist, T. Knutsson 97-034 (GB); Hulterstad, Alby skola, i 
<normalizedToken originalValue="gräsmatta">graesmatta</normalizedToken>
och rabatt, 15 Oct. 2002, S. Jeppson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6513 (GB); Hulterstad, Triberga, sand steppe vegetation, 15 Nov. 2003, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6375 (GB)*; Ibidem, 15 Nov. 2003, M. Jeppson 6438 (GB)*; Norra 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möckleby">Moeckleby</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dörby">Doerby</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="torräng">torraeng</normalizedToken>
i kanten av den forna 
<normalizedToken originalValue="järnvägsbanken">jaernvaegsbanken</normalizedToken>
, 4 Apr. 2009, E. Hultqvist, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 9084 (GB); Norra 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möckleby">Moeckleby</normalizedToken>
, Bettorps 
<normalizedToken originalValue="vägskäl">vaegskael</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="sandstäppsvegetation">sandstaeppsvegetation</normalizedToken>
, 21 Jul. 2006, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 8777 (GB); Resmo, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="”Resmokorridoren”">&quot;Resmokorridoren&quot;</normalizedToken>
, 5 May 2005, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson (GB); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Räpplinge">Raepplinge</normalizedToken>
, Borgholms slottsalvar, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="kalkhällmark">kalkhaellmark</normalizedToken>
i 
<normalizedToken originalValue="ängshavretorräng">aengshavretorraeng</normalizedToken>
, 11 Nov. 2001, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 5743 (GB); Ibidem, M. Jeppson 5744 (GB); Sandby, Sandby 
<normalizedToken originalValue="kyrkvägskäl">kyrkvaegskael</normalizedToken>
, sandy roadside, 24 Sept. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7121 (GB).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
Figure 3. 
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
, holotype (M. Jeppson 6965, GB): a, e basidiocarps b capillitium c, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="g–i">g-i</normalizedToken>
spores f detail of spore-sac showing the tubular mouth d basidiocarps (M. Jeppson 6513, GB). Scale bars: a, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="d–e">d-e</normalizedToken>
= 10 mm; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="b–c">b-c</normalizedToken>
=10 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; f = 5 mm; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="g–i">g-i</normalizedToken>
= 1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>