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965 lines
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<document id="8764AAC18DC22AEA6E1257E107948D02" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4134.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a157eae0-8cb8-4b9a-8ce5-dd7ff7913ba3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="399754" ID-ZooBank="92AC0E20-F532-4D21-AE1F-4B056327212F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1467637689624" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Santos-Silva, Antonio, Nearns, Eugenio H. & Swift, Ian P." docDate="2016" docId="03AA87ACFF88674EFF2CC6702BB182D4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4134.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4134 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Prionus (Prionus) heroicus Semenov 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="80" masterDocId="FF93FFD4FFC36701FFBBC73C2B4C8170" masterDocTitle="Revision of the American species of the genus Prionus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae, Prionini)" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1698363407732" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6380BE9B9AE4499F50B9B90F8DC4CC40">Revision of the American species of the genus Prionus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae, Prionini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0E5CC25B7E18FC9E957C95F89B6D7601">Santos-Silva, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BBCC5F720807128487AB59245694BD54">Nearns, Eugenio H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="74ED21C78635DAE058AA2361CB0F954F">Swift, Ian P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D9A5FA583FC9AA56FFB16FDE91D91CD1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B3A65FABEB3632470CF28890D64D90D4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B3E2D59908097F8E9E2B3B9FE2097258">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="79AB25EFFC4E846A9945379463B85240" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D02472C579B75193072725BE390223F6">4134</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5A923ECB3BEBDE76C757F7C7E69AB655">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BA73D0D6044D0BA116C49FE55F89448E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4134.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AA87ACFF88674EFF2CC6702BB182D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066971" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121268996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066971" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AA87ACFF88674EFF2CC6702BB182D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87ACFF88674EFF2CC6702BB182D4" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection id="C3196531FF88674AFF2CC6702ABD80F7" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC67029ED8016" blockId="75.[151,673,332,391]" box="[151,673,332,358]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<heading id="D0F481D6FF88674AFF2CC67029ED8016" bold="true" box="[151,673,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC67029ED8016" ID-CoL="4MH2N" authority="Semenov, 1908" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,673,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
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<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC67029ED8016" bold="true" box="[151,673,332,358]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
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<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC6702BBB8016" bold="true" box="[151,247,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFEB3C6702A248016" bold="true" box="[264,360,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
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|
|
)
|
|||
|
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<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFEC2C6702AAD8016" bold="true" box="[377,481,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE52C67029ED8016" author="Semenov" box="[489,673,332,358]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Semenov, A. (1908) Analecta coleopterologica. XIV. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 7 (1907), 258 - 265." type="journal article" year="1908">Semenov, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC6522ABD80F7" blockId="75.[151,673,332,391]" box="[151,497,366,391]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
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|
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(
|
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|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF88674AFF24C6522A0F80F7" box="[159,323,366,391]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStart-1="FIGURES 150 – 157" captionStartId-0="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="77.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox-0="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[243,1337,213,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetId-1="figure@77.[240,1347,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="76" captionTargetPageId-1="77" captionText-0="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." captionText-1="FIGURES 150 – 157. Prionus heroicus, paralectotype female: 150, dorsal habitus; 151, ventral habitus; 152, head, dorsal view; 153, head, ventral view; 154, metasternum; 155, head, lateral view; 156, labels; 157, apex of mesotibiae." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/399990/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs. 143–157</figureCitation>
|
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|
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,
|
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<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF88674AFEF5C6532AA580F7" box="[334,489,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">172, 177, 178</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
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|
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</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
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<subSubSection id="C3196531FF88674AFF2CC6842929820A" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
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<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC684286180BC" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" box="[151,813,438,461]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC684286180BC" box="[151,813,438,461]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC6842A8480BC" ID-CoL="4MH2R" authority="Fall, 1905: 274" authorityName="Fall" authorityPageNumber="274" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,456,438,461]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">
|
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|
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<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC6842A6980BC" box="[151,293,438,461]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus heros</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE90C68A2A8480BC" author="Fall" box="[299,456,438,460]" page="274" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE90C68A2AD980BC" author="Fall" box="[299,405,438,460]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Fall, H. C. (1905) New species of Coleoptera, chiefly from the South-west. The Canadian Entomologist, 37 (8), 270 - 276." type="journal article" year="1905">Fall, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 274
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE69C68A29DE80BC" author="Skinner" box="[466,658,438,460]" page="291" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1905">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE69C68A292F80BC" author="Skinner" box="[466,611,438,460]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Skinner, H. (1905) Descriptions of new Coleoptera from Arizona with notes on some other species. Entomological News, 16 (9), 289 - 292." type="journal article" year="1905">Skinner, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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: 291
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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(preoccupied).
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC6EA2A808358" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
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|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC6EA2A808358" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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|||
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC6EA2951809B" ID-CoL="4MH2N" authority="Semenov, 1908: 259" authorityName="Semenov" authorityPageNumber="259" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,541,469,491]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC6EA2A08809B" box="[151,324,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
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|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFEF0C6E92951809B" author="Semenov" box="[331,541,469,491]" page="259" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1908">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFEF0C6E92AA6809B" author="Semenov" box="[331,490,469,491]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Semenov, A. (1908) Analecta coleopterologica. XIV. Revue Russe d'Entomologie, 7 (1907), 258 - 265." type="journal article" year="1908">Semenov, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 259
|
|||
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
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;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFD93C6EA284F809B" author="Lameere" box="[552,771,469,491]" page="241" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1912">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFD93C6EA299C809B" author="Lameere" box="[552,720,469,491]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1912 a) Revision des prionides (Vingtieme memoire-Prionines VII). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 56, 185 - 260." type="journal article" year="1912" yearSuffix="a">Lameere, 1912a</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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: 241
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFCB6C6E9288C809B" author="Casey" box="[781,960,469,491]" page="244" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1912">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFCB6C6E928C0809B" author="Casey" box="[781,908,469,491]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
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|
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: 244
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFC71C6EA2FC6809B" author="Lameere" box="[970,1162,469,491]" page="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1913">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFC71C6EA2F2B809B" author="Lameere" box="[970,1127,469,491]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1913) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 52: Cerambycidae: Prioninae. W. Junk, Berlin, 108 pp." type="book" year="1913">Lameere, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 77
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(cat.); 1919: 138;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFAFCC6E92A7E837A" author="Bradley" page="419" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1919">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFAFCC6E92BB1837A" author="Bradley" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Bradley, J. C. (1919) An entomological cross-section of the United States. The Scientific Monthly, 8 (4), 356 - 377." type="journal article" year="1919">Bradley, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 419
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE84C6C8296A837A" author="Linsley" box="[319,550,500,522]" page="7" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1961">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE84C6C82941837A" author="Linsley" box="[319,525,500,522]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G., Knull, J. N. & Statham, M. (1961) A list of Cerambycidae from the Chiricahua Mountain Area, Cochise County, Arizona (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 2050, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
|||
|
|
Linsley
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFE28C6C92A85837A" box="[403,457,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1961
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 7
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(distr.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFD3AC6C828CB837A" author="Chemsak" box="[641,903,500,522]" page="20" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1992">
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFD3AC6C8282E837A" author="Chemsak" box="[641,866,500,522]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Chemsak, J. A., Linsley, E. G. & Noguera, F. A. (1992) Listados faunisticos de Mexico. II. Los Cerambycidae y Disteniidae de Norteamerica, Centroamerica y las Indias Occidentales (Coleoptera). Universidad Nacional Autonoma, Mexico, D. F., 204 pp." type="book" year="1992">
|
|||
|
|
Chemsak
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFD53C6C92852837A" box="[744,798,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 1992
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 20
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(checklist);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFBB0C6C82E1D837A" author="Linsley" box="[1035,1361,500,522]" page="424" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1997">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFBB0C6C82E53837A" author="Linsley" box="[1035,1311,500,522]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. & Chemsak, J. A. (1997) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part VIII. Bibliography, index, and host plant. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 117, i - ix + 534 pp." type="book" year="1997">Linsley & Chemsak, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 424
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(host); Barbour
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFE9BC52F2A1F8358" box="[288,339,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2011: 590.
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC50E2A7583D3" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC50E2A7583D3" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC50E2AE68337" ID-CoL="4MH2N" box="[151,426,561,583]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC50E2BAB8337" box="[151,231,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF4EC50E2A098337" box="[245,325,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFEEFC50D2AE68337" box="[340,426,561,583]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE0DC50D292B8337" author="Casey" box="[438,615,561,583]" page="212" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1924">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE0DC50D29798337" author="Casey" box="[438,565,561,583]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Casey, T. L. (1924) Additions to the known Coleoptera of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 11, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1924">Casey, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 212
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFDCAC50D28588337" author="Linsley" box="[625,788,561,583]" page="8" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1957">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFDCAC50D29B18337" author="Linsley" box="[625,765,561,583]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 8
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(syn.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFCDBC50D2F438337" author="Linsley" box="[864,1039,561,583]" page="45" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1962">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFCDBC50D28A18337" author="Linsley" box="[864,1005,561,583]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 45
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(females);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFB39C50D2E7D8337" author="Skiles" box="[1154,1329,561,583]" page="412" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1978">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFB39C50D2E4D8337" author="Skiles" box="[1154,1281,561,583]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Skiles, D. D. (1978) Taxonomy and descriptions of two prionine Cerambycidae from southern Arizona: a new species of Stenodontes and new status for Neomallodon arizonicus (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 80 (3), 407 - 423." type="journal article" year="1978">Skiles, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 412
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(biology);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFF7CC56C2AA78316" author="Monne" box="[199,491,592,614]" page="15" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1994">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFF7CC56C2A848316" author="Monne" box="[199,456,592,614]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Monne, M. A. & Giesbert, E. F. (1994) Checklist of the Cerambycidae and Disteniidae (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere. Wolfsgarden Books, Burbank, 409 pp." type="book" year="1994">Monné & Giesbert, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 15
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(checklist); Monné, 1995: 52 (cat.); Chemsak, 1996: 109 (females); Heffern, 1998: 6 (distr.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFF7CC5522AAD83F4" author="Monne" box="[199,481,622,644]" page="20" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2005">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFF7CC5522AF283F4" author="Monne" box="[199,446,622,644]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Monne, M. A. & Hovore, F. T. (2005) Checklist of the Cerambycidae, or longhorned wood-boring beetles of the Western Hemisphere. Bio Quip Publications, Rancho Dominguez, 393 pp." type="book" year="2005">Monné & Hovore, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 20
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(checklist); 2006: 19 (checklist);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFC83C5522F3783F4" author="Ozdikmen" box="[824,1147,622,644]" page="411" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2009">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFC83C5522F0583F4" author="Ozdikmen" box="[824,1097,622,644]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Ozdikmen, H. & Turgut, S. (2009) A synopsis of Turkish Vesperinae Mulsant, 1839 and Prioninae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 4 (2), 402 - 423." type="journal article" year="2009">Özdikmen & Turgut, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 411
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFB3EC5522ED783F4" author="Bezark" box="[1157,1435,622,644]" page="27" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2013">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFB3EC5522E3483F4" author="Bezark" box="[1157,1400,622,644]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Bezark, L. G. & Monne, M. A. (2013) Checklist of the Oxypeltidae, Vesperidae, Disteniidae and Cerambycidae, (Coleoptera) of the Western Hemisphere. Bio Quip Publications, Rancho Dominguez, 484 pp." type="book" year="2013">Bezark & Monné, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 27
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(checklist).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC5912A3B8390" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC5912A3B8390" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC591291A83B2" ID-CoL="4MGQL" authority="Casey, 1912: 236" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,598,684,706]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC5912BAB83B2" box="[151,231,685,706]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF43C5902AD483B2" box="[248,408,684,706]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus) vastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE1BC590291A83B2" author="Casey" box="[416,598,684,706]" page="236" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1912">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE1BC590296D83B2" author="Casey" box="[416,545,684,706]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 236
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, 245; 1924: 213;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFCB4C59128AD83B2" author="Lameere" box="[783,993,684,706]" page="138" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1919">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFCB4C59128E083B2" author="Lameere" box="[783,940,684,706]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 138
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFC55C5902FDA83B2" author="Linsley" box="[1006,1174,684,706]" page="8" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1957">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFC55C5902F3183B2" author="Linsley" box="[1006,1149,684,706]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 8
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(syn.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFB53C5902A618390" author="Lingafelter" page="342" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFB53C5902BB28390" author="Lingafelter" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Nearns, E. H., Tavakilian, G. L., Monne, M. A. & Biondi, M. (2014) Longhorned woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Disteniidae). Primary types of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington D. C., 390 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFADAC5912EDA83B2" box="[1377,1430,684,706]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2014
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 342
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF88674AFE80C5F62A278390" box="[315,363,714,736]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC5D6298B826E" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC5D6298B826E" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC5D62907838F" ID-CoL="788BT" authority="Casey, 1912: 236" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,587,745,767]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC5D62BAB838F" box="[151,231,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF4CC5D62A0B838F" box="[247,327,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFEEDC5D62ADC838F" box="[342,400,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE23C5D52907838F" author="Casey" box="[408,587,745,767]" page="236" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1912">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE23C5D52954838F" author="Casey" box="[408,536,745,767]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 236
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, 244
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFD38C5D528A0838F" bold="true" box="[643,1004,745,767]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
(Part: only
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF88674AFCBAC5D528D9838F" box="[769,917,745,767]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
female)
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
; 1924: 212;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFBCBC5D62E0C838F" author="Lameere" box="[1136,1344,745,767]" page="138" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1919">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFBCBC5D62E40838F" author="Lameere" box="[1136,1292,745,767]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 138
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFAF0C5D52A58826E" author="Linsley" page="8" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1957">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFAF0C5D52BB1826E" author="Linsley" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 8
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(syn.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFED9C4342931826E" author="Lingafelter" box="[354,637,776,798]" page="336" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFED9C4342902826E" author="Lingafelter" box="[354,590,776,798]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Nearns, E. H., Tavakilian, G. L., Monne, M. A. & Biondi, M. (2014) Longhorned woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Disteniidae). Primary types of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington D. C., 390 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFE63C4352940826E" box="[472,524,776,798]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2014
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 336
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF88674AFD30C43429F0826E" box="[651,700,776,798]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC4142A7B822B" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC4142A7B822B" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC4142910824C" ID-CoL="4MGQ4" authority="Casey, 1912: 237" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="237" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,604,806,829]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC4142BAB824D" box="[151,231,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF4DC4142A0A824D" box="[246,326,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFEEDC4142AEE824D" box="[342,418,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFE12C41A2910824C" author="Casey" box="[425,604,806,828]" page="237" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1912">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFE12C41A2964824C" author="Casey" box="[425,552,806,828]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 237
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; 1924: 212;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFD60C41B28E7824C" author="Lameere" box="[731,939,806,828]" page="138" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1919">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFD60C41B2834824C" author="Lameere" box="[731,888,806,828]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 138
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFC0DC41A2F17824C" author="Linsley" box="[950,1115,806,828]" page="9" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1957">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFC0DC41A2F08824C" author="Linsley" box="[950,1092,806,828]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 9
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(syn.);
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFB11C41A2BA1822B" author="Lingafelter" page="332" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFB11C41A2ED4824C" author="Lingafelter" box="[1194,1432,806,829]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Nearns, E. H., Tavakilian, G. L., Monne, M. A. & Biondi, M. (2014) Longhorned woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Disteniidae). Primary types of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington D. C., 390 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFA99C4142E1A824C" box="[1314,1366,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, 2014
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 332
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF88674AFF40C4792A60822B" box="[251,300,837,859]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC4592929820A" blockId="75.[151,1437,438,890]" box="[151,613,868,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB131194FF88674AFF2CC4592929820A" box="[151,613,868,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF88674AFF2CC4592A75820A" ID-CoL="4MGQ4" box="[151,313,869,890]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF88674AFF2CC4592A75820A" box="[151,313,869,890]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Prionus tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="0AA210ABFF88674AFEFCC4582959820A" author="Alexander" box="[327,533,868,890]" page="49" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1958">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF88674AFEFCC4582ABE820A" author="Alexander" box="[327,498,868,890]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refString="Alexander, D. R. (1958) A Preliminary Survey of the Cerambycids (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Oklahoma. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences, 38, 43 - 52." type="journal article" year="1958">Alexander, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: 49
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|||
|
|
(distr.).
|
|||
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF88674FFF2CC49A2B9383BD" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF2CC49A29548737" blockId="75.[151,1437,934,2003]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
|||
|
|
Male (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF88674AFF5AC49A2ACB82CF" box="[225,391,934,959]" captionStart="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs. 143–148</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Integument blackish; scape and pedicel reddish dark-brown; antennomeres lighter from III to XII; ventrites dark-brown, with apex of ventrites I–IV reddish; femora and tibiae more reddish; tarsi reddish. Head, excluding mandibles, about as long at central area as prothorax, notably elongate behind eyes (distance from posterior ocular edge to the prothorax 1.5 times as long as length of upper eye lobe). Longitudinal dorsal furrow distinct from clypeus to prothoracic edge. Area between antennal tubercles and middle of eyes deeply sulcate, coarsely, confluently punctate. Central area between posterior ocular edge and prothorax coarsely, abundantly punctate (punctures smaller than between eyes). Area behind upper eye lobes coarsely, confluently punctate (punctures smaller than between eyes). Area behind lower eye lobes with short, moderately abundant setae. Antennal tubercles coarsely, abundantly punctate on base, gradually sparsely punctate toward apex. Eyes proportionally large; distance between upper eye lobes 0.8 times length of scape; distance between lower eye lobes 1.2 times length of scape. Submentum trapezoid, punctate-vermiculate. Genae moderately finely, abundantly punctate. Antennae with 12 segments; attaining about distal one-third of elytra. Scape nearly attaining posterior ocular edge; moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate on base, gradually finer, sparser toward apex. Antennomere III 1.3 times longer than scape dorsally, distinctly enlarged toward apex (distal width equal to about 1.8 times basal width); on dorsal view, imbrication distinct, but not very projected; on ventral view, apex of imbrication somewhat emarginate; finely, sparsely punctate dorsally. Antennomere IV about as long as 0.7 times III; moderately finely punctate dorsally, more densely on base; imbrication dorsally as in III; in ventral view apical emargination deeper than in III. Antennomeres V–XI with imbrication as in IV. Antennomere XII slightly longer than XI; not appendiculate or partially divided.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF88674AFF7CC16E28AF86A2" blockId="75.[151,1437,934,2003]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Maximum prothoracic width 0.9 times elytral base; anterolateral angle slightly projected forward, rounded toward first lateral tooth; first lateral tooth small, rounded at apex, placed close to anterolateral angle; second lateral tooth large, acute at apex, slightly projected backwards, placed about middle of margin; margin between second tooth and posterolateral angle slightly concave; posterolateral angle obtuse, rounded at apex; basal margin sinuous; distal margin slightly sinuous centrally. Pronotum convex, distinctly explanate laterally; callosities distinct; disc moderately coarsely abundantly punctate centrally, coarsely, densely punctate laterally; glabrous. Prosternum moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate laterally, gradually sparser toward center; with moderately long, sparse setae. Prosternal process slightly narrowed centrally. Elytra moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate; each elytron with three distinct carinae, fused near apex; sutural spine absent. Metasternum about as long as ventrites I–II together; finely, abundantly punctate, less so centrally; with long, dense setae throughout (centrally sparser). Metepisterna with sculpture and setae as on sides of metasternum.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF7C6632FF8F674DFF2CC09D288A86A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" targetBox="[200,1390,223,1924]" targetPageId="76">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8F674DFF2CC09D288A86A6" blockId="76.[151,1435,1953,2006]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFF2CC09D2A2B86C7" bold="true" box="[151,359,1953,1975]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">FIGURES 143–149</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8F674DFECFC09E296E86C7" box="[372,546,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFECFC09E296E86C7" box="[372,546,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, lectotype male:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFD68C09D29B586C7" bold="true" box="[723,761,1953,1975]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">143</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsal habitus;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFC19C09D288486C7" bold="true" box="[930,968,1953,1975]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">144</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral habitus;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFBC0C09D2FED86C7" bold="true" box="[1147,1185,1953,1975]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">145</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, dorsal view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFACBC09D2EDA86C7" bold="true" box="[1392,1430,1953,1975]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">146</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, ventral view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFEE5C0FC2AC886A6" bold="true" box="[350,388,1984,2006]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">147</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, lateral view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFDE9C0FC293486A6" bold="true" box="[594,632,1984,2006]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">148</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, apex of mesotibiae;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8F674DFCEAC0FC283B86A6" bold="true" box="[849,887,1984,2006]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">149</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, labels.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF7C6632FF8E674CFF2CC09D2FF786A6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399990/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" targetBox="[243,1337,213,1919]" targetPageId="77">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8E674CFF2CC09D2FF786A6" blockId="77.[151,1436,1953,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFF2CC09D2A2B86C7" bold="true" box="[151,359,1953,1975]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">FIGURES 150–157</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8E674CFEC8C09E295386C7" box="[371,543,1953,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFEC8C09E295386C7" box="[371,543,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, paralectotype female:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFCB6C09D287F86C7" bold="true" box="[781,819,1953,1975]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">150</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsal habitus;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFC60C09D2F4D86C7" bold="true" box="[987,1025,1953,1975]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">151</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral habitus;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFB0BC09D2F9A86C7" bold="true" box="[1200,1238,1953,1975]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">152</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, dorsal view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFF2CC0FC2BF186A6" bold="true" box="[151,189,1984,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">153</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, ventral view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFE2AC0FC2AFB86A6" bold="true" box="[401,439,1984,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">154</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, metasternum;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFDEFC0FC293686A6" bold="true" box="[596,634,1984,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">155</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, head, lateral view;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFCFCC0FC282186A6" bold="true" box="[839,877,1984,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">156</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, labels;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8E674CFC79C0FC28A486A6" bold="true" box="[962,1000,1984,2006]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">157</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, apex of mesotibiae.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC7AB29938188" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Ventrites I–IV finely sparsely punctate centrally; with distinct setae laterally; distal margin of ventrite V distinctly concave. Apex of meso- and metatibiae not spined, truncate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFC7CC7802F6081A4" box="[967,1068,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Pro- and mesotarsomeres I–III wide; metatarsomere I moderately narrow, elongate.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC6382AF0834D" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Female (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFE91C6382947806D" box="[298,523,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 150 – 157" captionStartId="77.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[243,1337,213,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@77.[240,1347,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 150 – 157. Prionus heroicus, paralectotype female: 150, dorsal habitus; 151, ventral habitus; 152, head, dorsal view; 153, head, ventral view; 154, metasternum; 155, head, lateral view; 156, labels; 157, apex of mesotibiae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399990/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 150–155, 157</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Dorsal side dark-brown; ventral side and legs mostly reddish-brown; antennae dark-brown, gradually reddish toward apex. Head, excluding mandibles, about as long at middle as prothorax. Sculpture on dorsal surface of head and area behind eyes similar to that in male, except for punctures between eyes smaller and sparser. Distance between upper eye lobes slightly shorter than length of scape; distance between lower eye lobes 1.2 times length of scape. Submentum as in male. Antennae with 12 segments, apex nearly reaching basal one-third of elytra. Scape more slender than in male, slightly surpassing posterior ocular edge. Antennomere III 1.2 times longer than scape; antennomeres III–XI without distinct imbrication, distinctly projected at outer distal side only after VII. Prothorax as in male. Metasternum only pubescent laterally. Metepisterna pubescent. Apex of meso- and metatibiae as in male.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC57B2F9083F5" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF7CC57B29028310" bold="true" box="[199,590,583,608]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Dimensions in mm (male/female)</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. Total length (including mandibles), 42.0/48.8; prothoracic length at center, 6.5/7.5; greatest prothoracic width, 15.5/18.0; humeral width, 18.0/20.0; elytral length, 32.0/35.5.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC5B32B9383BD" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF7CC5B3294583D8" bold="true" box="[199,521,655,680]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFDAEC5AC290183D8" box="[533,589,656,680]" name="United States of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
[Arizona (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFD6AC5B3280083D8" author="Fall" box="[721,844,655,680]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Fall, H. C. (1905) New species of Coleoptera, chiefly from the South-west. The Canadian Entomologist, 37 (8), 270 - 276." type="journal article" year="1905">Fall, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), New
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFC1DC5B328B083D8" box="[934,1020,655,680]" name="Mexico" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFBABC5AC2FD283D8" author="Casey" box="[1040,1182,656,680]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), Colorado (Chemsak 1996].
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674FFF7CC5EB2AE785D0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC5EB2AA88264" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF7CC5EB2AE68380" bold="true" box="[199,426,727,752]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFF7CC5EB2A4F8380" box="[199,259,727,752]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFEAAC5EB2A088380" box="[273,324,727,752]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
locality.
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFE62C5E529348380" box="[473,632,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE62C5E529348380" box="[473,632,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus heros</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFD32C5EB287D8380" box="[649,817,727,752]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStart-1="FIGURES 150 – 157" captionStartId-0="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionStartId-1="77.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox-0="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[243,1337,213,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetId-1="figure@77.[240,1347,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="76" captionTargetPageId-1="77" captionText-0="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." captionText-1="FIGURES 150 – 157. Prionus heroicus, paralectotype female: 150, dorsal habitus; 151, ventral habitus; 152, head, dorsal view; 153, head, ventral view; 154, metasternum; 155, head, lateral view; 156, labels; 157, apex of mesotibiae." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/399990/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 143–157</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
): Description based on a couple specimens from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFADFC5E42ED08380" box="[1380,1436,728,752]" name="United States of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(Arizona), deposited at
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED12AE7FFF8D674FFE24C5C02A938264" box="[415,479,764,788]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC41C2AB8822C" blockId="78.[151,1437,151,861]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
To maintain the stability of the species, we designated as the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFCD5C42328998248" box="[878,981,799,824]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
the male specimen (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFB01C4232E108248" box="[1210,1372,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 143–148</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) with the following labels (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFE3EC4782AAB822C" box="[389,487,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 143 – 149" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,223,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[191,1396,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 143 – 149. Prionus heroicus, lectotype male: 143, dorsal habitus; 144, ventral habitus; 145, head, dorsal view; 146, head, ventral view; 147, head, lateral view; 148, apex of mesotibiae; 149, labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399989/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 149</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
):
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC4B029DE82D4" blockId="78.[151,1106,908,1077]" box="[151,658,908,933]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
White (Printed): H. C.
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED12AE7FFF8D674FFE2CC4B02A9782D4" box="[407,475,908,932]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FALL</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
COLLECTION
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC493296482B7" blockId="78.[151,1106,908,1077]" box="[151,552,943,968]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
White (Handwritten):
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFE2BC4932A8082B8" box="[400,460,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">heros</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFE59C48C296482B7" box="[482,552,944,967]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED12AE7FFF8D674FFE59C48C296482B7" box="[482,552,944,967]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC4E8293F829D" blockId="78.[151,1106,908,1077]" box="[151,627,980,1005]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">White (Handwritten): Arizona / (S. Sorby)</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC4CB2F1E8544" blockId="78.[151,1106,908,1077]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Red: M.C.Z. (Printed) /
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFE1FC4C42A908560" box="[420,476,1016,1040]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(Printed) / 24879 (Handwritten) Red and yellow (Printed; added by us):
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFDEEC32029B98544" box="[597,757,1052,1076]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCB1C32128848545" box="[778,968,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCB1C32128848545" box="[778,968,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFC4BC3212F098544" box="[1008,1093,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. h ero s</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC3582AE785D0" blockId="78.[151,1437,1124,1544]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFF4FC3592951850C" box="[244,541,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF4FC3592A01850C" box="[244,333,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEDDC3582951850C" box="[358,541,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus) vastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFD8EC35829D1850D" box="[565,669,1124,1149]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
female from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFCF4C35828CB850C" box="[847,903,1124,1148]" name="United States of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(Arizona), deposited at
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED12AE7FFF8D674FFB02C3582E41850C" box="[1209,1293,1124,1148]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USNM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
. Figured at
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFF2CC3BB2AEB85D0" box="[151,423,1159,1184]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Monne, M. A. & Nearns, E. H. (2016) Online Image Database of Cerambycoid Primary Types of the Smithsonian Institution. Available from: http: // SmithsonianCerambycidae. com / (accessed 18 January 2016)" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEA1C3B52A1F85D0" box="[282,339,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2016)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674FFF7CC39029698598" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC39029698598" blockId="78.[151,1437,1124,1544]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFF55C391295485B4" box="[238,536,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF55C3912A0B85B4" box="[238,327,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEE2C3912AFE85B4" box="[345,434,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE7FC391295485B4" box="[452,536,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFD90C39029D785B4" box="[555,667,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 172</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
):
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFD0AC390285585B5" box="[689,793,1196,1221]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
female from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFC02C39028BD85B4" box="[953,1009,1196,1220]" name="United States of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(New
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFBF9C3902FD085B5" box="[1090,1180,1196,1221]" name="Mexico" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
), deposited at USNM. Figured at
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFEABC3F3296C8598" box="[272,544,1231,1256]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Monne, M. A. & Nearns, E. H. (2016) Online Image Database of Cerambycoid Primary Types of the Smithsonian Institution. Available from: http: // SmithsonianCerambycidae. com / (accessed 18 January 2016)" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE2FC3ED2A808598" box="[404,460,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2016)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674FFF7CC3C82ADC873F" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC3C82F708778" blockId="78.[151,1437,1124,1544]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFF57C3C92AB2847C" ID-CoL="788BT" box="[236,510,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF57C3C92A09847C" box="[236,325,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEEEC3C92AE2847C" box="[341,430,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE05C3C92AB2847C" box="[446,510,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(only female
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFD27C3C8287F847D" box="[668,819,1268,1293]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFCF8C3C828AA847C" box="[835,998,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs. 177–178</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)).
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFBBEC3C82F20847C" box="[1029,1132,1268,1292]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFB0AC3C82FA5847C" box="[1201,1257,1268,1292]" name="United States of America" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">USA</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(New
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F314762AFF8D674FFA8DC3C82EDC847D" box="[1334,1424,1268,1293]" name="Mexico" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
), deposited at USNM.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFE39C22B29C38440" box="[386,655,1303,1328]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Nearns, E. H., Tavakilian, G. L., Monne, M. A. & Biondi, M. (2014) Longhorned woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Disteniidae). Primary types of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington D. C., 390 pp." type="book">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFDBEC22529718440" box="[517,573,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2014)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
recorded:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCBEC22B2F5C8440" ID-CoL="788BT" authority="Casey, 1912: 236" authorityName="Casey" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1912" box="[773,1040,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCBEC22B28948440" bold="true" box="[773,984,1303,1328]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCBEC22B28098440" bold="true" box="[773,837,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFCF7C22B28948440" author="Casey" box="[844,984,1303,1328]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
: 236
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFBA4C22B2F338440" box="[1055,1151,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 173</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
q, r),
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFB01C22B2E6A8440" box="[1210,1318,1303,1328]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
. However, according to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFE97C2002A848424" author="Casey" box="[300,456,1340,1364]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: “Length (♂) 29.0, (♀) 46.0–47.0 mm.; width (♂) 11.8, (♀) 18.0–
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CFB9B5FFF8D674FFB01C2002E6A8424" box="[1210,1318,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="18.2">18.2 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.; length of prothorax (♀)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CFB9B5FFF8D674FFE80C25C2AEA8407" box="[315,422,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="6.25">6.25 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
.; width of head (♀)
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CFB9B5FFF8D674FFD32C25C285F8407" box="[649,787,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.55" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="8.55" valueMax="8.8" valueMin="8.3">8.3–8.8 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
. Thus, there is no
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFC5FC2632F0A8408" box="[996,1094,1375,1400]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
because
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFB15C25C2E098408" author="Casey" box="[1198,1349,1376,1400]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
did not designate one and he had at least three specimens (one male and two females). The female
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFB70C2B92E6E84ED" box="[1227,1314,1413,1437]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
figured at
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFF2CC29B2AE484B0" box="[151,424,1447,1472]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Monne, M. A. & Nearns, E. H. (2016) Online Image Database of Cerambycoid Primary Types of the Smithsonian Institution. Available from: http: // SmithsonianCerambycidae. com / (accessed 18 January 2016)" type="journal article">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEA7C2952A1984B0" box="[284,341,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2016)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
as
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFE6BC29B297E84B0" box="[464,562,1447,1472]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFDE1C29529AA84B0" ID-CoL="788BT" box="[602,742,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFDE1C295292084B0" box="[602,620,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFD3BC29529DE84B0" box="[640,658,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFD1DC29529AA84B0" box="[678,742,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
belongs to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCD7C2952F7384B0" ID-CoL="6W8BW" box="[876,1087,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCD7C295283284B0" box="[876,894,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFC29C29528E984B0" box="[914,933,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFC02C29B2F7384B0" box="[953,1087,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. As
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFBCEC2952E4E84B0" ID-CoL="788BT" box="[1141,1282,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFBCEC2952FCB84B0" box="[1141,1159,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFB20C2952FE284B0" box="[1179,1198,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFB79C2952E4E84B0" box="[1218,1282,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
encompasses two species, we are herein designating as
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFDD0C2F129978495" box="[619,731,1485,1509]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
the specimen figured by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFC4CC2F02E488494" box="[1015,1284,1484,1509]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lingafelter, S. W., Nearns, E. H., Tavakilian, G. L., Monne, M. A. & Biondi, M. (2014) Longhorned woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae and Disteniidae). Primary types of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington D. C., 390 pp." type="book">
|
|||
|
|
Lingafelter
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFBC0C2F12FFF8495" box="[1147,1203,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(2014)
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, and figuring the ventral side of this specimen (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8D674FFDABC2D3293E8778" box="[528,626,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 176</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The specimen has the following labels:
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC10B2ADC873F" blockId="78.[151,1147,1591,1725]" box="[151,400,1591,1616]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">White (Printed): N. M</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674FFF2CC1602F3787CC" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC16029558704" blockId="78.[151,1147,1591,1725]" box="[151,537,1628,1653]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
White (Handwritten):
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFE2BC16029558704" authority="Casey" authorityName="Casey" box="[400,537,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">tristis Casey</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF2CC1432F3787CC" blockId="78.[151,1147,1591,1725]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
Red:
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFF68C1BC2A5587E7" box="[211,281,1664,1687]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
USNM (Printed) / 36426 (Handwritten) Red and yellow (Printed; added by us):
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFDEEC19829B987CC" box="[597,757,1700,1724]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
/
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCB1C19928E587CC" box="[778,937,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCB1C19928E587CC" box="[778,937,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(=
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFC6BC1992F3E87CD" box="[976,1138,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFC6BC1992F3E87CD" box="[976,1138,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674FFF7CC1D0299A8675" box="[199,726,1772,1797]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC1D0299A8675" blockId="78.[151,1436,1772,2013]" box="[199,726,1772,1797]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF7CC1D02AFC8675" bold="true" box="[199,432,1772,1797]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
All
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8D674FFE59C1D129518675" box="[482,541,1773,1797]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
were examined.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3196531FF8D674EFF7CC0332BB182D4" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC0332F0786C8" blockId="78.[151,1436,1772,2013]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF7CC0332A778658" bold="true" box="[199,315,1807,1832]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFEFFC02C2AB08658" author="Lameere" box="[324,508,1808,1832]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, in doubt, indicated the following synonyms with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFBFBC02D2FF68658" box="[1088,1210,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFBFBC02D2FF68658" box="[1088,1210,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFB74C02D2BBC863D" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFB74C02D2E648658" box="[1231,1320,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFA81C02D2EDF8658" box="[1338,1427,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFF2CC0082BBC863D" box="[151,240,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tumidus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFEB9C0092AD6863C" box="[258,410,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEB9C0092A59863C" box="[258,277,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE90C0092A71863C" box="[299,317,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEEFC0092AD6863C" box="[340,410,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">vastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFE17C0092972863C" box="[428,574,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE17C0092AF3863C" box="[428,447,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE6EC0092AAB863C" box="[469,487,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE45C0092972863C" box="[510,574,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFDEBC0092841863D" box="[592,781,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alutaceus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFDEBC009292F863C" box="[592,611,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFDC2C00929C7863C" box="[633,651,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFD19C0082841863D" box="[674,781,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">alutaceus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCE8C00928B4863C" box="[851,1016,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCE8C009282A863C" box="[851,870,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCC7C00928C2863C" box="[892,910,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFC1FC00928B4863C" box="[932,1016,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFBB0C0082FE8863C" author="Casey" box="[1035,1188,1844,1868]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Casey, T. L. (1924) Additions to the known Coleoptera of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 11, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1924">Casey (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
did not comment on Lameere’s doubts, and considered all them as distinct from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFCFAC06528F18600" box="[833,957,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCFAC06528F18600" box="[833,957,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFC76C06B2F398600" author="Linsley" box="[973,1141,1879,1904]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
formalized the synonyms indicated by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFE9CC0412A9086E4" author="Lameere" box="[295,476,1916,1940]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, but excluded
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFDC4C04128F786E5" box="[639,955,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alutaceus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFDC4C041299486E4" box="[639,728,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFD5CC041280C86E4" box="[743,832,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFCEBC04028F786E5" box="[848,955,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">alutaceus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(considered a synonym of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFB50C0412EC086E5" box="[1259,1420,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFB50C0412EC086E5" box="[1259,1420,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), and added
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFEABC09D290086C9" box="[272,588,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontinalis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEABC09D2A2586C8" box="[272,361,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFEC2C09D2A9E86C8" box="[377,466,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFE59C09C290086C9" box="[482,588,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">fontinalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, a species not mentioned by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFC2BC09D2F0B86C8" author="Lameere" box="[912,1095,1952,1976]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Lameere, A. A. L. (1919) Genera Insectorum. Coleoptera, Fam. Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. P. Wytsman, Brussels, 172, 189 pp." type="book" year="1919">Lameere (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8D674FFF7CC0F82ED086AC" blockId="78.[151,1436,1772,2013]" box="[199,1436,1988,2013]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
|||
|
|
According to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8D674FFEDBC0F8294686AD" author="Linsley" box="[352,522,1988,2013]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
: “Casey had no specimens in his collection identified as this species [
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8D674FFAAAC0F92EC786AD" box="[1297,1419,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8D674FFAAAC0F92EC786AD" box="[1297,1419,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">P. heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
].
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF2CC7AB2FB98187" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
His six examples, all females…” This statement encompasses two mistakes:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFC41C7A52FE281C0" box="[1018,1198,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontinalis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFC41C7A52F4081C0" box="[1018,1036,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBA4C7A52F7D81C0" box="[1055,1073,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBFFC7AB2FE281C0" box="[1092,1198,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">fontinalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was described based on a single male; and
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFE28C780296881A4" author="Casey" box="[403,548,188,212]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 3, 215 - 376." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey (1912</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFD8AC780292681A4" author="Casey" box="[561,618,188,212]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Casey, T. L. (1924) Additions to the known Coleoptera of North America. Memoirs on the Coleoptera, 11, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1924">1924</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) listed seven specimens:
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFC36C78028A381A5" box="[909,1007,188,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFBACC7812FF181A5" box="[1047,1213,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBACC7812F6681A4" box="[1047,1066,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB85C7812F1C81A4" box="[1086,1104,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBDFC7802FF181A5" box="[1124,1213,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">tumidus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFB77C7802E6381A5" box="[1228,1327,188,213]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFAE3C7812B918188" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFAE3C7812E2781A4" box="[1368,1387,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFAC5C7812EDC81A4" box="[1406,1424,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFF2CC7DD2B918188" box="[151,221,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">vastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFF57C7DC2A7B8188" box="[236,311,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFED5C7DC2A968188" box="[366,474,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE44C7DD29C48188" box="[511,648,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE44C7DD295D8188" box="[511,529,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFD9FC7DD297A8188" box="[548,566,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDF3C7DD29C48188" box="[584,648,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFD2CC7DC29B58188" box="[663,761,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFCA6C7DD28F78188" box="[797,955,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCA6C7DD287C8188" box="[797,816,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCF9C7DD28198188" box="[834,853,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCDCC7DD28F78188" box="[871,955,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D05FD33FF8C674EFC71C7DC2F598188" box="[970,1045,223,248]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFB80C7DD2FA28188" box="[1083,1262,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fontinalis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB80C7DD2F018188" box="[1083,1101,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBE4C7DD2F3E8188" box="[1119,1138,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB3FC7E32FA28188" box="[1156,1262,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">fontinalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC63829F480DC" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
According to
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFED4C6382950806D" author="Linsley" box="[367,540,260,285]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and Chemsak (1996), in the key: “antennae with external processes well developed”—leading to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE11C61529008030" box="[426,588,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE11C61529008030" box="[426,588,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; and “antennae with external processes moderate”—leading to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFAA2C6152ED88030" box="[1305,1428,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFAA2C6152ED88030" box="[1305,1428,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. However, in the male
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFE35C6702AB98015" box="[398,501,332,357]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDA0C67129DE8014" box="[539,658,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. he ro i c u s</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, the processes are very similar to many specimens of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFB4FC6712ED98015" box="[1268,1429,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB4FC6712ED98015" box="[1268,1429,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, in which this feature is highly variable. The color, another feature used by those authors to differentiate these species, is also highly variable in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFDABC6A929FE80DD" box="[528,690,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDABC6A929FE80DD" box="[528,690,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC68B2FBB8368" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
Males of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE89C6852ABD80A0" box="[306,497,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE89C6852ABD80A0" box="[306,497,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
differ from those of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFD66C68528CC80A0" box="[733,896,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFD66C68528CC80A0" box="[733,896,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
by the apex of meso- and metatibiae not spined at dorsal margin. Females of the former differ from the latter by the metasternum with distinct pubescence only laterally (usually throughout in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE42C53D29D78368" box="[505,667,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE42C53D29D78368" box="[505,667,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
), and by the apex of meso- and metatibiae as in male.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC5192F4E8310" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFF7CC5192AAB834C" box="[199,487,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vastus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFF7CC5192A6C834C" box="[199,288,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE8FC5192AC1834C" box="[308,397,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE1AC5192AAB834C" box="[417,487,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">vastus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFD9DC5192981834C" box="[550,717,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tetricus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFD9DC5192975834C" box="[550,569,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDEBC519292E834C" box="[592,610,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDC2C5192981834C" box="[633,717,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">tetricus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8C674EFD5BC5182808834C" box="[736,836,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Fig. 172</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) are kept in synonymy with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFB24C5192ED8834D" box="[1183,1428,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB24C5192FFD834C" box="[1183,1201,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB73C5192E6D834C" box="[1224,1313,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Prionus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFA8EC5182ED8834D" box="[1333,1428,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, mainly by the shape of tibiae apex and by the metasternum centrally glabrous.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC5502E1E83F4" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" box="[199,1362,620,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
The redescription above was based on the male
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFD5BC550280A83F5" box="[736,838,620,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
and female
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFC6BC5502F2B83F5" box="[976,1127,620,645]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFB37C5512E0683F5" box="[1164,1354,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFB37C5512E0683F5" box="[1164,1354,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Prionus heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC5B32E4F839F" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
Apparently, the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFEC5C5AC2AF583D8" box="[382,441,656,680]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE59C5AD291083D8" box="[482,604,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE59C5AD291083D8" box="[482,604,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
were not examined by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFCD4C5B32F5A83D8" author="Linsley" box="[879,1046,655,680]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1962) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part II. Taxonomy and classification of the Parandrinae, Prioninae, Spondylinae and Aseminae. University of California, Publications in Entomology, 19, 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1962">Linsley (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and Chemsak (1996).
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFAA6C5B32ED083D8" author="Fall" box="[1309,1436,655,680]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Fall, H. C. (1905) New species of Coleoptera, chiefly from the South-west. The Canadian Entomologist, 37 (8), 270 - 276." type="journal article" year="1905">Fall (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
made clear a character that was not taken into account by those authors: the robust form of the body. The general appearance of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFED8C5EB2A868380" box="[355,458,727,752]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFE54C5E5292B8380" box="[495,615,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="heroi" subSpecies="cus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFE54C5E5292B8380" box="[495,615,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. heroi cus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is much more similar to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFC39C5E528B38380" box="[898,1023,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticollis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFC39C5E528B38380" box="[898,1023,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. laticollis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
than to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFBE0C5E52FB08380" box="[1115,1276,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFBE0C5E52FB08380" box="[1115,1276,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P. californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BBC36BAFF8C674EFF7CC5C02BB182D4" blockId="79.[151,1436,151,933]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF924B4BFF8C674EFF7CC5C02A3A8265" author="Linsley" box="[199,374,764,789]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1957) Descriptive and synonymical notes on some North American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). American Museum Novitates, 1828, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1957">Linsley (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
synonymized
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFD97C5C129858264" box="[556,713,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFD97C5C129738264" box="[556,575,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFDE0C5C129218264" box="[603,621,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFD32C5C129858264" box="[649,713,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">tristis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFCA7C5C128948265" box="[796,984,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCA7C5C128628264" box="[796,814,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCF1C5C128118264" box="[842,861,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCC2C5C028948265" box="[889,984,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. However, the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFB24C5C02E4A8265" box="[1183,1286,764,789]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
female and
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFF2CC4232A628248" box="[151,302,799,824]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
male (the latter could not be located) belong to
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFCE2C41D2F608248" box="[857,1068,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFCE2C41D28208248" box="[857,876,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFC3BC41D28DE8248" box="[896,914,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFC1DC4232F608248" box="[934,1068,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">californicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, because the apex of meso- and metatibiae are as in that species. Notwithstanding, we believe that the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFC7AC4782F14822D" box="[961,1112,836,861]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
female (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13382A3FFF8C674EFB05C4782E2F822C" box="[1214,1379,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[256,1335,194,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[251,1335,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 178. 170 – 171, Prionus (Prionus) tumidus, holotype female: 170, metasternum; 171, apex of mesotibia and mesotarsus. 172, Prionus (Prionus) tetricus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 173 – 174, Prionus (Prionus) validiceps, holotype male: 173, head, dorsal view; 174, head, lateral view. 175, Prionus (Prionus) solidus, holotype female, ventral habitus. 176 – 178, Prionus (Prionus) tristis: 176, lectotype female, ventral habitus; 177, paralectotype female, dorsal habitus; 178, paralectotype female ventral habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399993/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Figs. 177–178</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) is a true
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFF76C4552A3082F0" box="[205,380,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFF76C4552B9382F0" box="[205,223,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFF4EC4552A4B82F0" box="[245,263,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFEA6C45B2A3082F0" box="[285,380,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, because the apex of meso- and metatibiae clearly agrees with the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54B88818FF8C674EFB28C45B2E6682F0" box="[1171,1322,871,896]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C034D39FF8C674EFAEDC4552BBA82D5" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Prionus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heroicus" subGenus="Prionus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFAEDC4552E2482F0" box="[1366,1384,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFAC5C4552EDC82F0" box="[1406,1424,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">P.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B977EAA8FF8C674EFF2CC4B02BBA82D5" box="[151,246,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">heroicus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|