458 lines
36 KiB
XML
458 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.1040973" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9d2c1913-225a-4801-aa8c-817ac9c399bb" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1040973" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="3" checkinTime="1509650296584" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Russell, Dale A." docDate="1970" docId="03E3C818545F533DFF66C08F323BF66C" docLanguage="en" docName="Russel_1970_Tyrannosaurus rex_Gorgosaurus lancensis(almost done).pdf.imf" docOrigin="Ottawa: National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Palaeontology, No. 1" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Albertosaurus Osborn 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="25" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFDAB06054525333FFBFC024312CFFF2" masterDocTitle="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1663157316221" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell, Dale A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>1970</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">1970-01-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Palaeontology, No. 1</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Ottawa</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:classification>book</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.1040973</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">9d2c1913-225a-4801-aa8c-817ac9c399bb</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1040973</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4704926" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157407535" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4704926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3C818545F533DFF66C08F323BF66C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3C818545F533DFF66C08F323BF66C" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection box="[217,1074,170,202]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[217,1074,156,322]" box="[217,1074,170,202]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[363,924,170,201]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[363,638,174,199]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Albertosaurus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="OSBORN, H. F." box="[657,924,170,201]" firstAuthor="Osborn" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Bulletin" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" pagination="259 - 265" part="21" refId="ref12056" refString="OSBORN, H. F. (1905). Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin 21: 259 - 265." title="Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="1905">
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<httpUri box="[657,924,170,201]" httpUri="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/html/03CD8786FF94FFEE3A79FEB67C7EF894" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Osborn 1905</httpUri>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 265
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[267,908,230,263]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[217,1074,156,322]" box="[267,908,230,263]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[267,783,230,263]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[267,512,235,262]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Gorgosaurus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[531,783,230,263]" firstAuthor="Lambe" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa Naturalist" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" pagination="13 - 20" part="28" refId="ref11624" refString="(1914). On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Naturalist 28: 13 - 20." title="On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon" type="journal article" year="1914">Lambe 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 13
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[217,1074,156,322]" lastBlockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis box="[217,318,292,322]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Type</emphasis>
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species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[509,1040,292,319]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarcophagus">
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Albertosaurus
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">sarcophagus Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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Premaxilla contacts nasal below external naris.
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<emphasis box="[1313,1844,457,484]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Maxillary teeth relatively</emphasis>
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smaller than in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[550,856,511,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[550,856,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis box="[885,1102,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">posteriorly</emphasis>
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become more recurved and smaller still. Anteriormost antorbital fenestra within maxilla visible in lateral aspect, first antorbital fenestra
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<emphasis box="[733,1093,615,642]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">longer than high</emphasis>
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. Nasals expand between lacrimals, invaded posteromedially on either
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<emphasis box="[982,1058,671,694]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">side</emphasis>
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by
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<emphasis box="[1165,1267,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">short</emphasis>
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broad tongue
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<emphasis box="[1622,1665,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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frontal. Frontal broadly exposed on skull roof,
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<emphasis box="[1083,1301,724,748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">posteriorly</emphasis>
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recurved vertical cleft in bone above orbit. Prefrontal either unexposed
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<emphasis box="[1206,1370,779,802]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">dorsally</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[1402,1551,777,803]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">or with</emphasis>
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small process situated between lacrimal and frontal. Lacrimal '
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<emphasis box="[1264,1378,831,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">horn'</emphasis>
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rectangular in lateral
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<emphasis box="[217,345,886,909]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">aspect</emphasis>
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, with apex
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<emphasis box="[589,834,882,907]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">centred well</emphasis>
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in advance
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<emphasis box="[1091,1134,883,909]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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antorbital ramus of
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<emphasis box="[1568,1673,883,910]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">bone</emphasis>
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; exceeds postorbital '
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<emphasis box="[465,579,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">horn'</emphasis>
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in
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<emphasis box="[658,921,935,962]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">development</emphasis>
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. Anteroexternal edge
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<emphasis box="[1384,1427,937,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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antorbital ramus
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<emphasis box="[1807,1850,939,965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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lacrimal curves
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<emphasis box="[544,853,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">anteroventrally</emphasis>
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across jugal, bounding
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<emphasis box="[1349,1482,989,1016]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">pocket</emphasis>
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in jugal laterally. Ventral process
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<emphasis box="[546,589,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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ectopterygoid uninflated,
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<emphasis box="[1125,1526,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">with small ventrally</emphasis>
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opening sinus; jugular process
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<emphasis box="[562,606,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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bone similarly uninflated. Angular terminates
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">posteriorly behind</emphasis>
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surangular foramen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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Ventral openings
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<emphasis box="[629,672,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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main basisphenoid sinus
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<emphasis box="[1190,1346,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">situated</emphasis>
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on either side
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<emphasis box="[1646,1689,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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midline
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<emphasis box="[221,264,1272,1298]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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skull, dorsomedial
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<emphasis box="[674,713,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to</emphasis>
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each basipterygoid process. Optic fenestra
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<emphasis box="[1614,1849,1271,1297]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">not bridged</emphasis>
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medially by
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<emphasis box="[478,730,1324,1350]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">presphenoid</emphasis>
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. Cranial nerves III and IV exit
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<emphasis box="[1398,1600,1326,1350]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">separately</emphasis>
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on anterior surface
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<emphasis box="[390,433,1379,1405]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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laterosphenoid, although pit
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<emphasis box="[1066,1125,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">for</emphasis>
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III much
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<emphasis box="[1361,1762,1377,1405]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">larger than that of</emphasis>
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IV.
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<emphasis box="[220,379,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Exit for</emphasis>
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cranial nerve
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<emphasis box="[679,725,1430,1458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Vj</emphasis>
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situated close
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<emphasis box="[1037,1076,1433,1456]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to</emphasis>
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anterolateral edge
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<emphasis box="[1478,1522,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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laterosphenoid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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Neural spines
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<emphasis box="[556,734,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of fourth</emphasis>
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and fifth cervicals subequal, broadly flattened laterally.
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<emphasis box="[221,499,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Spine of sixth</emphasis>
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cervical narrower,
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<emphasis box="[903,969,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">but</emphasis>
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does not come
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<emphasis box="[1298,1641,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to point dorsally</emphasis>
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. Presacral vertebrae tend
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<emphasis box="[547,809,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to be longer</emphasis>
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and lower than in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[1248,1557,1606,1631]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1248,1557,1606,1631]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; basal caudal vertebrae diminish more
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<emphasis box="[742,884,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">rapidly</emphasis>
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in size
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<emphasis box="[1046,1371,1659,1685]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">posteriorly than</emphasis>
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in this genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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The
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<emphasis box="[364,628,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">length of the</emphasis>
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humerus in adults is equal
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<emphasis box="[1212,1251,1729,1752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to</emphasis>
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about 30 per
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<emphasis box="[1551,1855,1727,1754]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">cent of that of</emphasis>
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femur, forelimb
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<emphasis box="[559,685,1784,1806]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">lightly</emphasis>
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constructed. Anterodistal
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<emphasis box="[1235,1452,1780,1807]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">condyle of</emphasis>
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metacarpal I
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<emphasis box="[1738,1839,1784,1806]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">large</emphasis>
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, causing first and second
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<emphasis box="[751,989,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">digits to be</emphasis>
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approximately parallel.
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<emphasis box="[1512,1605,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">First</emphasis>
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phalanx
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of digit</emphasis>
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II
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<emphasis box="[389,532,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">slender</emphasis>
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in adults. Dorsal edge of ungual
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<emphasis box="[1256,1406,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of digit</emphasis>
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I
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<emphasis box="[1464,1587,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">passes</emphasis>
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through arc of about 120
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<emphasis box="[502,653,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">degrees</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[213,1856,366,2311]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
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Anterior blade
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<emphasis box="[613,656,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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ilium does
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<emphasis box="[938,1004,2008,2034]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">not</emphasis>
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cover diapophysis
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<emphasis box="[1445,1488,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
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twelfth
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<emphasis box="[1686,1850,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">thoracic</emphasis>
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vertebra. The circumference
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<emphasis box="[812,929,2062,2088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of the</emphasis>
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femur in adults is equal
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<emphasis box="[1448,1487,2064,2087]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to</emphasis>
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34
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<emphasis box="[1567,1607,2064,2088]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">to</emphasis>
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37 per
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">cent of the</emphasis>
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femur's
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<emphasis box="[530,658,2118,2141]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">length</emphasis>
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. In comparison with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[1113,1414,2115,2141]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
|
<emphasis box="[1113,1414,2115,2141]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
specimens
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1656,1699,2115,2141]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
similar femur
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[356,484,2173,2196]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">length</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[511,571,2173,2197]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
presacral vertebral column is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1199,1330,2173,2197]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">longer</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1357,1610,2171,2196]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">thoracic ribs</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
are slightly shorter, forelimb is shorter, ilium and sacrum are
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1301,1447,2229,2252]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">shorter</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
, and metatarsus is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[220,514,2285,2308]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">slightly longer</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="13.[221,429,2384,2427]" box="[221,429,2396,2427]" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
<heading box="[221,429,2396,2427]" fontSize="9" level="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[221,429,2396,2427]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</heading>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="13.[220,1854,2464,2787]" lastBlockId="14.[178,1827,1608,2464]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
The generotypic species
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[793,837,2482,2508]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[857,1131,2482,2507]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Albertosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is based on two crania found at diff"erent stratigraphie levels within
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[952,1013,2537,2561]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Edmonton
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1266,1488,2533,2560]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Formation</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
. These
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1649,1851,2533,2560]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">specimens</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
so closely resemble skulls referable
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[974,1283,2590,2617]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">
|
||
|
|
to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[1036,1283,2590,2617]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gorgosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1305,1456,2594,2615]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">libratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, from
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1606,1667,2591,2615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Oldman Formation,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[467,660,2649,2673]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">that there</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
can
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[758,803,2647,2674]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">be</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
little question of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1161,1253,2649,2671]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">their</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
generic identity.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[1605,1852,2644,2671]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1605,1852,2644,2671]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">Gorgosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[272,453,2704,2728]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">therefore</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
considered as a junior synonym of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1230,1508,2703,2727]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Albertosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1635,1850,2701,2726]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="13" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1635,1671,2701,2726]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1702,1850,2704,2726]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">libratus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is in all probability
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[630,691,2760,2784]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
immediate ancestor
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1126,1243,2758,2784]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Edmonton form. It
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1674,1740,2756,2782]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="4">has</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
been
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[186,488,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">suggested that</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
interdental
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[767,883,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">plates</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
medial
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1076,1414,1610,1637]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">to the marginal</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
dentition (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="OSBORN, H. F." firstAuthor="Osborn" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Bulletin" page="265" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="259 - 265" part="21" refId="ref12056" refString="OSBORN, H. F. (1905). Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. American Museum of Natural History Bulletin 21: 259 - 265." title="Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs" type="journal article" year="1905">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1669,1821,1608,1636]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">Osborn</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
1905: 265
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[419,752,1658,1692]" firstAuthor="Lambe" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa Naturalist" page="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="13 - 20" part="28" refId="ref11624" refString="(1914). On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Naturalist 28: 13 - 20." title="On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon" type="journal article" year="1914">Lambe 1914: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) and an intercoronoid (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[1248,1583,1660,1691]" firstAuthor="Lambe" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa Naturalist" page="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="13 - 20" part="28" refId="ref11624" refString="(1914). On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Naturalist 28: 13 - 20." title="On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon" type="journal article" year="1914">Lambe 1914: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
) are absent in this genus, although this is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[844,995,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">not the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
case.
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[1137,1505,1712,1746]" firstAuthor="Lambe" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa Naturalist" page="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="13 - 20" part="28" refId="ref11624" refString="(1914). On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon. Ottawa Naturalist 28: 13 - 20." title="On a new genus and species of carnivorous dinosaur from the Belly River Formation of Alberta, with a description of the skull of Stephanosaurus marginatus from the same horizon" type="journal article" year="1914">Lambe (1914: 14</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[1542,1719,1719,1746]" firstAuthor="Lambe" journalOrPublisher="Geological Survey of Canada Memoir" page="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 84" part="100" refId="ref11667" refString="(1917). The Cretaceous theropodous dinosaur Gorgosaunis. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 100: 1 - 84." title="The Cretaceous theropodous dinosaur Gorgosaunis" type="journal article" year="1917">1917: 16</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1755,1821,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">has</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
emphasized
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[440,501,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
similarity
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[732,851,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
first maxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1177,1286,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">tooth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1363,1424,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
type of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1608,1821,1772,1797]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1608,1644,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1673,1821,1774,1796]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">libratus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[185,349,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">to those</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[428,489,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
premaxilla, considering
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1011,1082,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">this</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
as characteristic
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1457,1577,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
genus. The carinae
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[355,479,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
anterior maxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[907,1074,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[907,1005,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
of
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1094,1313,1880,1905]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1094,1130,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1164,1313,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">libratus</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
(and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1453,1823,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">
|
||
|
|
of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[1519,1823,1879,1905]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Daspletosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
also) are incipiently
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[615,795,1932,1959]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">arranged</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
as in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[935,1273,1933,1959]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the premaxillary</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
teeth, and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1522,1583,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
number
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1783,1827,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
small anterior maxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[696,794,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
is variable, ranging
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1218,1316,1984,2013]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">from</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
none in
|
||
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396370316" box="[1501,1820,1971,2017]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="United States" formation="Oldman Formation" geologicalContext="Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" location="Little Sandhill Creck basin" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" preperations="skull and skeleton, lacking hind limbs and tail" specimenCode="PR308" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Other material">FMNH PR 308</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[184,223,2043,2066]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">to</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
two in
|
||
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396370313" box="[391,670,2022,2071]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="United States" formation="Oldman Formation" geologicalContext="Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" httpUri="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=48461" location="quarry 54 of Sternberg, 1950" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" preperations="nearly complete skeleton" specimenCode="AMNH 5664" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Other material">AMNH 5664</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Although it is partly crushed,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1328,1389,2042,2066]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
first maxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">
|
||
|
|
tooth of
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[245,306,2096,2120]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
type
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[435,532,2095,2121]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of A</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[562,711,2098,2120]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">libratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is probably
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[986,1054,2094,2121]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">not</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
so premaxilliform as is
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1577,1763,2095,2120]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">indicated</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
in Lambe's
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[373,489,2151,2174]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">figure</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lambe, L. m" box="[520,619,2153,2177]" journalOrPublisher="Geological Survey of Canada Memoir" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 84" part="100" refId="ref11667" refString="(1917). The Cretaceous theropodous dinosaur Gorgosaunis. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 100: 1 - 84." title="The Cretaceous theropodous dinosaur Gorgosaunis" type="journal article" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
, fig.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[730,811,2146,2177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">10B</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040975/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[165,1845,184,1292]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="14.[127,1880,1351,1512]" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[127,233,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">Figure</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
1
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" baseAuthorityName="Lambe" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[306,690,1354,1375]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus" status="comb. nov.">Albertosaurus libratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, reconstruction
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[980,1017,1352,1374]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the skull in lateral aspect,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1510,1606,1352,1375]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">based</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
primarily on a photograph
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[521,558,1396,1418]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396370327" box="[569,826,1383,1422]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="United States" formation="Oldman Formation" geologicalContext="Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" location="Little Sandhill Creck basin" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" preperations="skull and skeleton, lacking hind limbs and tail" specimenCode="PR308" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Other material">
|
||
|
|
FMNH
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[714,766,1393,1420]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">PR</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
308
|
||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
(negative number 39 11 5, courtesy
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1433,1470,1396,1418]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
the American Museum
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[307,345,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
Natural
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[516,651,1442,1462]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">History</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
), with the palate restored after
|
||
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396370301" box="[1238,1479,1426,1467]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="United States" formation="Oldman Formation" geologicalContext="Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" httpUri="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=48102" location="quarry 57 of Sternberg, 1950" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" preperations="skull" specimenCode="AMNH 5336" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Other material">AMNH 5336</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
.
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1505,1571,1437,1463]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">The</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
skull of
|
||
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396370325" collectionCode="FMNH" country="United States" formation="Oldman Formation" geologicalContext="Late Cretaceous" geologicalContextID="Cretaceous" location="Little Sandhill Creck basin" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" preperations="skull and skeleton, lacking hind limbs and tail" specimenCode="PR308" stateProvince="Alberta" typeStatus="Other material">
|
||
|
|
FMNH
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[305,357,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">PR</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
308
|
||
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
||
|
|
measures 1050 mm in
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[824,928,1486,1507]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">length</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
(
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Matthew, W. D. & B. Brown" box="[955,1488,1481,1509]" journalOrPublisher="American Museum of Natural History Novitates" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 10" part="89" refId="ref12026" refString="(1923). Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of Deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta. American Museum of Natural History Novitates 89: 1 - 10." title="Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of Deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1923">Matthew and Brown 1923: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</caption>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph blockId="14.[178,1827,1608,2464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">
|
||
|
|
The dental formula
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[681,725,2222,2248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[749,1026,2222,2248]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="14" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Albertosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is as follows: premaxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1661,1759,2223,2246]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
4, maxillary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[388,485,2277,2300]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" box="[504,554,2276,2301]" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">13</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
-15, dentary
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[812,909,2277,2300]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
14-16. There are 10-14 (in extreme cases 17) serrations per 5 mm on
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[693,754,2330,2354]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
carinae
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[940,1059,2330,2356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
marginal
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1279,1382,2332,2354]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">teeth</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1415,1476,2330,2354]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
serrations
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1714,1823,2328,2354]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">being</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
coarsest near
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[478,538,2384,2408]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
centre
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[708,831,2383,2409]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
jaws and finest near
|
||
|
|
<emphasis box="[1309,1369,2384,2408]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">the</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
posterior end
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="5">of the jaws of</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
immature individuals.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|