<documentID-CLB-Dataset="56307"ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.79499"ID-GBIF-Dataset="ebf78f42-f632-447f-be27-7eca2ebed658"ID-PMC="PMC9848994"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-197-1"ID-Pensoft-UUID="95688E227E3D529DBD2A8FC988E394B1"ID-PubMed="36760676"ModsDocID="1314-2003-197-1"checkinTime="1653390746137"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Hoste, Ivan & Verloove, Filip"docDate="2022"docId="DA457D89987A5DE48308C22AA0DAD22D"docLanguage="en"docName="PhytoKeys 197: 1-31"docOrigin="PhytoKeys 197"docPubDate="2022-05-23"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.197.79499"docTitle="Echinochloa oryzicola (Vasinger) Vasinger, Fl. SSSR 2: 33. 1934."docType="treatment"docVersion="5"id="95688E227E3D529DBD2A8FC988E394B1"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="95688E227E3D529DBD2A8FC988E394B1"masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the weed species of the genus Echinochloa (Poaceae, Paniceae) in Southwestern Europe: Exploring the confused current state of affairs"masterLastPageNumber="31"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732746754542"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:titleid="339A8BDE6CAFA7EF150C268C405FE4D5">Taxonomy of the weed species of the genus Echinochloa (Poaceae, Paniceae) in Southwestern Europe: Exploring the confused current state of affairs</mods:title>
auct., non (Stapf) Stapf ex Kossenko in Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariia Botanicheskogo Instituta imeni V. L. Komarova Akademii Nauk SSSR 8(12): 208. 1940.
<taxonomicNameid="422B4A65F555614EB666E76C65D4F3F2"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. hostii"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="species"species="hostii">= E. hostii</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="C9B1FA04FFAF3BF60BAC7CC2CE6D3D9E"author="Yabuno, T"journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Botany"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="277 - 323"refId="B83"refString="Yabuno, T, 1966. Biosystematic study of the genus Echinochloa. Japanese Journal of Botany 19: 277 - 323"title="Biosystematic study of the genus Echinochloa."volume="19"year="1966">Yabuno 1966</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="BE0D6D2F025780B80CD56D38A8D48DEE"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"author="Yabuno, T"journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Botany"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B84"refString="Yabuno, T, 1981. Cytological Relationship between Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing. and the French Strain of E. phyllopogon Stapf subsp. oryzicola (Vasing.) Koss. Cytologia 46(1/2): 393-396. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"title="Cytological Relationship between Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing. and the French Strain of E. phyllopogon Stapf subsp. oryzicola (Vasing.) Koss. Cytologia 46 (1 / 2): 393 - 396."url="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="142508530D91CECBDACAD4C604C56C5B"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. crus-galli subsp. var. var. hispidula"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="variety"species="crus-galli"subSpecies="var."variety="hispidula">E. crus-galli var. hispidula</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameid="FE2DFA3471CCE3A1B5A796E2AF15EA95"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. crus-galli subsp. var. var. oryzoides"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="variety"species="crus-galli"subSpecies="var."variety="oryzoides">E. crus-galli var. oryzoides</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="13B37BB45A3F8ECE45C9E6F44F66D9ED"author="Yabuno, T"journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Botany"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="277 - 323"refId="B83"refString="Yabuno, T, 1966. Biosystematic study of the genus Echinochloa. Japanese Journal of Botany 19: 277 - 323"title="Biosystematic study of the genus Echinochloa."volume="19"year="1966">Yabuno (1966)</bibRefCitation>
: the F-form, in which the lemma of the sterile flower is flat and has a coarse surface texture, and the C-form, in which the lemma is convex, coriaceous and shiny. The latter form has only rarely been recorded from Southwestern Europe. Specimens with spikelets much too small for
<taxonomicNameid="620FB444BC6EAB43D4B5286A96B848F7"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. crus-galli subsp. var. var. oryzoides"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="variety"species="crus-galli"subSpecies="var."variety="oryzoides">E. crus-galli var. oryzoides</taxonomicName>
, often without author citation and thereby adding to confusion, was used separately for each of the two taxa as well as for both of them together; see, e.g., the shifting interpretation in successive publications by
<bibRefCitationid="AA14ECE47BDAEE16AD39400A5854795A"author="Michael, PW"journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Plant Science"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B50"refString="Michael, PW, 1983. Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August-4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291-306."title="Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August- 4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291 - 306."year="1983">Michael (1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="D13918ACA5B39012B64FD80FBF628C95"author="Michael, PW"journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Plant Science"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B51"refString="Michael, PW, 1994. Distribution and taxonomy of Echinochloa. A world view with a key to the species occurring in China. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the 5th Weed Science Conference of China, Kunming, Nov. 1994. Weed Society of China, Kunming, China, 161-166."title="Distribution and taxonomy of Echinochloa. A world view with a key to the species occurring in China. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the 5 th Weed Science Conference of China, Kunming, Nov. 1994. Weed Society of China, Kunming, China, 161 - 166."year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="1BF770F6F56ED89F5C507DFAF2FAA5E3"author="Michael, PW"editor="Ni, H"journalOrPublisher="R. China, May 28 - June 2, 2001. Standards Press of China, Beijing"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="57 - 66"publicationUrl="https://apwss.org/documents/APWSS_2001_PROCEEDINGS.pdf"refId="B52"refString="Michael, PW, 2001. The taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species (barnyard grasses) in the Asian-Pacific region, with a review of pertinent biological studies. In: Ni, H, You, ZG, Eds., The Proceedings of the eighteenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Beijing, P. R. China, May 28-June 2, 2001. Standards Press of China, Beijing: 57 - 66, https://apwss.org/documents/APWSS_2001_PROCEEDINGS.pdf"title="The taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species (barnyard grasses) in the Asian-Pacific region, with a review of pertinent biological studies."url="https://apwss.org/documents/APWSS_2001_PROCEEDINGS.pdf"volumeTitle="The Proceedings of the eighteenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Beijing, P."year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="04F440AA20B16ECCA740DCE143A82EDA"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"author="Yabuno, T"journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Botany"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B84"refString="Yabuno, T, 1981. Cytological Relationship between Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing. and the French Strain of E. phyllopogon Stapf subsp. oryzicola (Vasing.) Koss. Cytologia 46(1/2): 393-396. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"title="Cytological Relationship between Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing. and the French Strain of E. phyllopogon Stapf subsp. oryzicola (Vasing.) Koss. Cytologia 46 (1 / 2): 393 - 396."url="https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.46.393"year="1981">
<bibRefCitationid="A0155B5B3B35A46F6B182007AE6AD314"DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"author="Crespo, MB"journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="244 - 254"refId="B17"refString="Crespo, MB, Angeles Alonso, M, Martinez-Azorin, M, Saez, L, 2020a. Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae). Phytotaxa 454 (4): 244 - 254, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"title="Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae)."url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"volume="454"year="2020 a">Crespo et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
. The accompanying plate shows a specimen that seems to combine features of at least two species. It was said to have been collected by Arcangeli in rice fields near Pisa (Italy).
, which was part of Flora Italica Exsiccata. The herbarium label states that this species was collected in Italy for the first time in Novara and that Stapf erroneously indicated it to be from Pisa. In fact, the species was collected by Jacometti near Novara but was originally, erroneously so, attributed to a collection of Arcangeli from near Pisa (comm. N. Ardenghi 10.2018). A lectotype for this name was designated by
<bibRefCitationid="BF42D1D3CB9EB3862C851330336CABEB"author="Kossenko, I"journalOrPublisher="Komarova, Akademii nauk SSSR"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="205 - 213"refId="B42"refString="Kossenko, I, 1940. De Echinochloa notae criticae. Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariya Botanicheskogo Instituti imeni V.L. Komarova, Akademii nauk SSSR 8: 205 - 213"title="De Echinochloa notae criticae. Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariya Botanicheskogo Instituti imeni V. L."volume="8"year="1940">Kossenko (1940)</bibRefCitation>
collections (K000958854; image available at http://www.kew.org/herbcatimg/638594.jpg). This collection includes both vegetative and flowering material that, according to P.W. Michael, refers to two different species. The non-flowering part, with very characteristic hair tufts at the junction of leaf blade and leaf sheath, was said to represent
<bibRefCitationid="79318BCBA4A9CFC935A76B7B2F6F7E6E"author="Michael, PW"journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Plant Science"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B50"refString="Michael, PW, 1983. Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August-4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291-306."title="Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August- 4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291 - 306."year="1983">Michael 1983</bibRefCitation>
). However, the presence or absence of such hair tufts is a non-diagnostic feature that can be observed (although not so frequently) in various species of
<taxonomicNameid="3096EAAD4587363B2BC62DE4EA3A5126"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. crus-galli subsp. var. var. oryzoides"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="variety"species="crus-galli"subSpecies="var."variety="oryzoides">E. crus-galli var. oryzoides</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="960D12420B940A9D8692406EB0539323"author="Kossenko, I"journalOrPublisher="Komarova, Akademii nauk SSSR"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="205 - 213"refId="B42"refString="Kossenko, I, 1940. De Echinochloa notae criticae. Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariya Botanicheskogo Instituti imeni V.L. Komarova, Akademii nauk SSSR 8: 205 - 213"title="De Echinochloa notae criticae. Botanicheskie Materialy Gerbariya Botanicheskogo Instituti imeni V. L."volume="8"year="1940">Kossenko (1940)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="A0703C6942FE0C3B978F58C3782FE855"DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"author="Crespo, MB"journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="244 - 254"refId="B17"refString="Crespo, MB, Angeles Alonso, M, Martinez-Azorin, M, Saez, L, 2020a. Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae). Phytotaxa 454 (4): 244 - 254, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"title="Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae)."url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"volume="454"year="2020 a">Crespo et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="89C8319AE78E9E79A9C05E2601D620FD"author="Michael, PW"journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Plant Science"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B50"refString="Michael, PW, 1983. Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August-4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291-306."title="Taxonomy and distribution of Echinochloa species with special reference to their occurrence as weeds of rice. In: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and International Weed Science Society (Org.) Proceedings of the Conference on Weed Control in Rice, 31 August- 4 September 1981. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 291 - 306."year="1983">Michael (1983)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="80262CCEAE484B4181916DE92979768F"DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"author="Crespo, MB"journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="244 - 254"refId="B17"refString="Crespo, MB, Angeles Alonso, M, Martinez-Azorin, M, Saez, L, 2020a. Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae). Phytotaxa 454 (4): 244 - 254, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"title="Miscellaneous notes on nomenclature and taxonomy of some Old World names in tribe Paniceae (Panicoideae, Poaceae)."url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.2"volume="454"year="2020 a">Crespo et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
has only recently evolved from a wild taxon that seems no longer to exist or has not yet been identified. In the absence of information on this original species, it is impossible to distinguish between a long-existing taxon ('var.
<bibRefCitationid="E64777C1A2AC734F40DEBF915066C308"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00185.x"author="Yamaguchi, H"journalOrPublisher="Weed Biology and Management"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="210 - 218"refId="B86"refString="Yamaguchi, H, Utano, A, Yasuda, K, Yano, A, Soejima, A, 2005. A molecular phylogeny of wild and cultivated Echinochloa in East Asia inferred from non-coding region sequences of trnT-L-F. Weed Biology and Management 5 (4): 210 - 218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00185.x"title="A molecular phylogeny of wild and cultivated Echinochloa in East Asia inferred from non-coding region sequences of trnT-L-F."url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-6664.2005.00185.x"volume="5"year="2005">Yamaguchi et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="4D7F90F6E8E620233B7FBAB89C64FCC0"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113657"author="Ye, C-Y"journalOrPublisher="Weed Biology and Management"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B91"refString="Ye, C-Y, Lin, Z, Li, G, Wang, Y-Y, Qiu, J, Fu, F, Zhang, H, Chen, L, Ye, S, Song, W, Jin, G, Zhu, J, Lu, Y, Guo, L, Fan, L, 2014. Echinochloa Chloroplast Genomes: Insights into the Evolution and Taxonomic Identification of Two Weedy Species. PLoS ONE 9(11): e113657. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113657"title="Echinochloa Chloroplast Genomes: Insights into the Evolution and Taxonomic Identification of Two Weedy Species. PLoS ONE 9 (11): e 113657."url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113657"year="2014">Ye et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="FC10D1084AB7A90DF08E77DB5352142E"DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12185"author="Yasuda, K"journalOrPublisher="Weed Biology and Management"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="93 - 102"refId="B89"refString="Yasuda, K, Nakayama, Y, 2019. Misidentification of Echinochloa crus-galli var. formosensis as Echinochloa oryzicola as a result of similar cpDNA sequences. Weed Biology and Management 19 (3): 93 - 102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12185"title="Misidentification of Echinochloa crus-galli var. formosensis as Echinochloa oryzicola as a result of similar cpDNA sequences."url="https://doi.org/10.1111/wbm.12185"volume="19"year="2019">Yasuda and Nakayama (2019)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="277B6353782995F95AE0C58F9AABB5F4"class="Liliopsida"family="Poaceae"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Plantae"lsidName="E. crus-galli subsp. var. var. formosensis"order="Poales"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Tracheophyta"rank="variety"species="crus-galli"subSpecies="var."variety="formosensis">E. crus-galli var. formosensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="C50997776D58D2B2DFB0AB39693E71D5"author="Hoste, I"journalOrPublisher="Belgian Journal of Botany"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="163 - 174"publicationUrl="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/sites/alienplantsbelgium.be/files/Echinochloa%20muricata%20BJB%202004_0.pdf"refId="B34"refString="Hoste, I, 2004. The naturalisation history of Echinochloa muricata in Belgium. With notes on its identity and morphological variation. Belgian Journal of Botany 137 (2): 163 - 174, http://alienplantsbelgium.be/sites/alienplantsbelgium.be/files/Echinochloa%20muricata%20BJB%202004_0.pdf"title="The naturalisation history of Echinochloa muricata in Belgium. With notes on its identity and morphological variation."url="http://alienplantsbelgium.be/sites/alienplantsbelgium.be/files/Echinochloa%20muricata%20BJB%202004_0.pdf"volume="137"year="2004">Hoste 2004</bibRefCitation>
<figureCitationid="D46CA2242A81FBB6F027F047BD161CB0"captionStart="Figure 4"captionStartId="F4"captionText="Figure 4. Spikelets of Echinochloa oryzicola A fertile lemma with the tip differentiated from the coriaceous body of the lemma (upper glume removed) B, C two spikelets with convex shiny sterile lemma D spikelet with long lower glume and non-shiny sterile lemma. (Photograph: Andre De Kesel, Meise Botanic Garden)."figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.197.79499.figure4"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/686455"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
