247 lines
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247 lines
28 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.83671" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-305" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9BD32E16AD7354B598BD1D030B9F3881" ID-ZooBank="10FA5741370A4ABFA43298A2DE65BCE3" ModsDocID="1860-0743-98-2-305" checkinTime="1658439244261" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lucena, Ruda Amorim & Lindsey Christoffersen, Martin" docDate="2022" docId="54C73BCDA3B851C8AA70A512DFC0B9C5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 98(2): 305-312" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 98 (2)" docPubDate="2022-07-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.83671" docTitle="Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="9BD32E16AD7354B598BD1D030B9F3881" lastPageNumber="305" masterDocId="9BD32E16AD7354B598BD1D030B9F3881" masterDocTitle="Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from Museu de Ciencias Naturais, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="312" masterPageNumber="305" pageNumber="305" updateTime="1658439244261" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from Museu de Ciencias Naturais, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lucena, Ruda Amorim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4206-0357</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Graduate Program in Biological Sciences- Zoology, Federal University of Paraiba, University Campus, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, CEP: 58051 - 900, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rudalucena15@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lindsey Christoffersen, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-1938</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Graduate Program in Biological Sciences- Zoology, Federal University of Paraiba, University Campus, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, CEP: 58051 - 900, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-07-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>98</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>305</mods:start>
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<mods:end>312</mods:end>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.83671</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.83671</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-0743-2-305</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">10FA5741370A4ABFA43298A2DE65BCE3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9BD32E16AD7354B598BD1D030B9F3881</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:54C73BCDA3B851C8AA70A512DFC0B9C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54C73BCDA3B851C8AA70A512DFC0B9C5" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName LSID="54C73BCD-A3B8-51C8-AA70-A512DFC0B9C5" authority="Hoek, 1881" authorityName="Hoek" authorityYear="1881" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis megalonyx" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalonyx">Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Colossendeis megalonyx (FZB. Pyc- 002), female. A. Dorsal view; B. Distal articles of palp; C. Distal articles of oviger; D. Tarsus and propodus." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.98.83671.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/717679" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1907" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis frigida" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frigida">Colossendeis frigida</taxonomicName>
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Hodgson, 1902: 63.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1907" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis rugosa" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosa">Colossendeis rugosa</taxonomicName>
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Hodgson, 1907: 64, pl. IX, fig. 3, pl. X, figs 5, 6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1909" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis orcadense" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orcadense">Colossendeis orcadense</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800015659" author="Hodgson, TV" journalOrPublisher="Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" refId="B28" refString="Hodgson, TV, 1908. The Pycnogonida of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 46(1/6): 159-188. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800015659" title="The Pycnogonida of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 46 (1 / 6): 159 - 188." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800015659" year="1908">Hodgson 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 184.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gordon" authorityYear="1932" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis scoresbii" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scoresbii">Colossendeis scoresbii</taxonomicName>
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Gordon, 1932: 18-21, figs 5c, 6b, c, 7a, b.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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(FZB.Pyc-002)
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1964-07-08" location="South Atlantic" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:54C73BCDA3B851C8AA70A512DFC0B9C5:495A0886331A2EBCC06B3AA101B1AE42" name="South Atlantic">South Atlantic</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1964-07-08">July 8, 1964</collectingDate>
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; (FZB.Pyc-004)
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1961-05" collectorName="L. R. Pontes" country="Argentina" latitude="-38.366665" location="Mar del Plata" longLatPrecision="1175" longitude="-55.616665" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5">
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<specimenCount type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
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, off
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:54C73BCDA3B851C8AA70A512DFC0B9C5:A7008559CCCDE2338FCBB2F39F432B60" country="Argentina" latitude="-38.366665" longLatPrecision="1175" longitude="-55.616665" name="Mar del Plata">Mar del Plata</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-38.366665">38°22'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-55.616665">55°37'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingDate value="1961-05">May 1961</collectingDate>
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, col.
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<collectorName>L.R. Pontes</collectorName>
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; (FZB.Pyc-005)
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1961-03" country="Uruguay" location="Uruguay" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Uruguay">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1961-03">Mar1961</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zse.98.83671.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/717679" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hoek" authorityYear="1881" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis megalonyx" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Colossendeis megalonyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(FZB.Pyc-002), female.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">A.</emphasis>
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Dorsal view;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">B.</emphasis>
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Distal articles of palp;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C.</emphasis>
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Distal articles of oviger;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">D.</emphasis>
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Tarsus and propodus.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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Circumpolar. Antarctic, Western South America and up to Buenos Aires (Argentina), South Africa, Madagascar, New Zealand, Eastern South America (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="69 - 111" refId="B9" refString="Child, CA, 1995a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV. Antarctic Research Series 69: 69 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" volume="69" year="1995 a">Child 1995a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200800151X" author="Munilla, T" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="99 - 111" refId="B45" refString="Munilla, T, Soler-Membrives, A, 2009. Check-list of the pycnogonids from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters: Zoogeographic implications. Antarctic Science 21 (2): 99 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200800151X" title="Check-list of the pycnogonids from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters: Zoogeographic implications." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S095410200800151X" volume="21" year="2009">Munilla and Soler-Membrives 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.2" author="Scarabino, F" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="185 - 200" refId="B48" refString="Scarabino, F, Lucena, RA, Munilla, T, Soler-Membrives, A, Ortega, L, Schwindt, E, Lopez, G, Orensanz, JM, Christoffersen, ML, 2019. Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from Uruguayan waters (Southwest Atlantic): Annotated checklist and biogeographic considerations. Zootaxa 4550 (2): 185 - 200, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.2" title="Pycnogonida (Arthropoda) from Uruguayan waters (Southwest Atlantic): Annotated checklist and biogeographic considerations." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4550.2.2" volume="4550" year="2019">Scarabino et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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). This is the first record for Uruguayan waters.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="depth">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Depth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">7 to 4900 m in depth.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hoek" authorityYear="1881" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Colossendeis megalonyx" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Colossendeis megalonyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a very variable species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fry, WG" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of New Zealand Oceanographic Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B21" refString="Fry, WG, Hedgpeth, JW, 1969. Pycnogonida, 1. Colossendeidae, Pycnogonidae, Endeidae, Ammotheidae. Fauna of the Ross Sea, 7. Memoir of New Zealand Oceanographic Institute 49: 1 - 139" title="Pycnogonida, 1. Colossendeidae, Pycnogonidae, Endeidae, Ammotheidae. Fauna of the Ross Sea, 7." volume="49" year="1969">Fry and Hedgpeth 1969</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 109" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" refId="B12" refString="Child, CA, 1998b. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders). National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 109" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders)." year="1998 b">Child 1998b</bibRefCitation>
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) and may represent a group of cryptic species. Only the long proboscis, palp article 8 shorter than articles 9 and 10 and a tarsus longer than the propodus remain stable amongst all examined specimens (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="69 - 111" refId="B9" refString="Child, CA, 1995a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV. Antarctic Research Series 69: 69 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" volume="69" year="1995 a">Child 1995a</bibRefCitation>
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). Variable characters are the shape and size of the ocular tubercle (elevated or short, conical or rounded), the occurrence of eyes (similar in size or larger anteriorly, well pigmented, white or even absent), the size of the proboscis (equal to, or longer than the trunk) and the size of the legs (either the femur or the tibia represent the longest article) (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="69 - 111" refId="B9" refString="Child, CA, 1995a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV. Antarctic Research Series 69: 69 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" volume="69" year="1995 a">Child 1995a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 109" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" refId="B12" refString="Child, CA, 1998b. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders). National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, 109" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders)." year="1998 b">1998b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" author="Cano-Sanchez, E" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="661 - 681" refId="B6" refString="Cano-Sanchez, E, Lopez-Gonzalez, PJ, 2007. Colossendeis species (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) collected during the Italica XIX cruise to Victoria Land (Antarctica), with remarks on some taxonomic characters of the ovigers. Scientia Marina 71 (4): 661 - 681, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" title="Colossendeis species (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) collected during the Italica XIX cruise to Victoria Land (Antarctica), with remarks on some taxonomic characters of the ovigers." url="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" volume="71" year="2007">
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Cano-Sanchez and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="López-González">Lopez-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
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Molecular studies confirm that a complex of species exists under the name
|
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<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C. megalonyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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. Five species and another seven cryptic species were indicated (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" author="Krabbe, K" journalOrPublisher="Polar Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="281 - 292" refId="B31" refString="Krabbe, K, Leese, F, Mayer, C, Tollrian, R, Held, C, 2010. Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarcticand Subantarctic waters. Polar Biology 33 (3): 281 - 292, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" title="Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarcticand Subantarctic waters." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" volume="33" year="2010">Krabbe et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" author="Dietz, L" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society Open Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="140 - 424" refId="B13" refString="Dietz, L, Arango, CP, Halanych, KM, Harder, AM, Held, C, Mahon, AR, Mayer, C, Melzer, RR, Rouse, G, Weis, A, Wilson, NG, Leese, F, 2015. Regional differentiation and extensive hybridization between mitochondrial clades of the Southern Ocean giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx. Royal Society Open Science 2 (7): 140 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" title="Regional differentiation and extensive hybridization between mitochondrial clades of the Southern Ocean giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" volume="2" year="2015">Dietz et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02636-z" author="Doemel, JS" journalOrPublisher="Polar Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="319 - 342" refId="B17" refString="Doemel, JS, Dietz, L, Macher, TH, Rozenberg, A, Mayer, C, Spaak, JM, Melzer, RR, Leese, F, 2020. Analyzing drivers of speciation in the Southern Ocean using the sea spider species complex Colossendeis megalonyx as a test case. Polar Biology 43 (4): 319 - 342, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02636-z" title="Analyzing drivers of speciation in the Southern Ocean using the sea spider species complex Colossendeis megalonyx as a test case." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02636-z" volume="43" year="2020">
|
||
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Dömel">Doemel</normalizedToken>
|
||
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|
et al. 2020
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). These papers suggest the use of the name
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C. megalonyx</emphasis>
|
||
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
for specimens from South America and the Subantarctic Region, the type locality (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" author="Krabbe, K" journalOrPublisher="Polar Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="281 - 292" refId="B31" refString="Krabbe, K, Leese, F, Mayer, C, Tollrian, R, Held, C, 2010. Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarcticand Subantarctic waters. Polar Biology 33 (3): 281 - 292, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" title="Cryptic mitochondrial lineages in the widespread pycnogonid Colossendeis megalonyx Hoek, 1881 from Antarcticand Subantarctic waters." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-009-0703-5" volume="33" year="2010">Krabbe et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" author="Dietz, L" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society Open Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="140 - 424" refId="B13" refString="Dietz, L, Arango, CP, Halanych, KM, Harder, AM, Held, C, Mahon, AR, Mayer, C, Melzer, RR, Rouse, G, Weis, A, Wilson, NG, Leese, F, 2015. Regional differentiation and extensive hybridization between mitochondrial clades of the Southern Ocean giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx. Royal Society Open Science 2 (7): 140 - 424, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" title="Regional differentiation and extensive hybridization between mitochondrial clades of the Southern Ocean giant sea spider Colossendeis megalonyx." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140424" volume="2" year="2015">Dietz et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
,
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.04.017" author="Dietz, L" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="206 - 214" refId="B14" refString="Dietz, L, Doemel, JS, Leese, F, Mahon, AR, Mayer, C, 2019. Phylogenomics of the longitarsal Colossendeidae: The evolutionary history of an Antarctic sea spider radiation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 136: 206 - 214, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.04.017" title="Phylogenomics of the longitarsal Colossendeidae: The evolutionary history of an Antarctic sea spider radiation." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.04.017" volume="136" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Although morphology was not used for the delimitation of these species, subspecies were previously proposed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Fry, WG" journalOrPublisher="Memoir of New Zealand Oceanographic Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B21" refString="Fry, WG, Hedgpeth, JW, 1969. Pycnogonida, 1. Colossendeidae, Pycnogonidae, Endeidae, Ammotheidae. Fauna of the Ross Sea, 7. Memoir of New Zealand Oceanographic Institute 49: 1 - 139" title="Pycnogonida, 1. Colossendeidae, Pycnogonidae, Endeidae, Ammotheidae. Fauna of the Ross Sea, 7." volume="49" year="1969">Fry and Hedgpeth (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. This indicates that morphology can be used successfully for the delimitation of species (
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" author="Cano-Sanchez, E" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="661 - 681" refId="B6" refString="Cano-Sanchez, E, Lopez-Gonzalez, PJ, 2007. Colossendeis species (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) collected during the Italica XIX cruise to Victoria Land (Antarctica), with remarks on some taxonomic characters of the ovigers. Scientia Marina 71 (4): 661 - 681, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" title="Colossendeis species (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) collected during the Italica XIX cruise to Victoria Land (Antarctica), with remarks on some taxonomic characters of the ovigers." url="https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2007.71n4661" volume="71" year="2007">
|
||
|
|
Cano-Sanchez and
|
||
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="López-González">Lopez-Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
|
||
|
|
2007
|
||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
).
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
|
||
|
|
Specimens analysed thus should belong to
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. megalonyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="megalonyx">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C. megalonyx</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, as they were collected in Uruguay (the northernmost record for the species, a full two degrees of latitude north of the record provided by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" author="Child, CA" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="69 - 111" refId="B9" refString="Child, CA, 1995a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV. Antarctic Research Series 69: 69 - 111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida IV. The families Colossendeidae and Rhynchothoraxidae. Biology of the Antarctic seas XXIV." url="https://doi.org/10.1029/AR069p0069" volume="69" year="1995 a">Child (1995a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
). Further, they conform to the description of
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Hoek, PPC" journalOrPublisher="Reports of the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of HMS Challenger" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 167" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13070408" refId="B30" refString="Hoek, PPC, 1881. Report on the Pycnogonida dredged by HMS Challenger 1873-76. Reports of the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of HMS Challenger 3 (10): 1 - 167, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13070408" title="Report on the Pycnogonida dredged by HMS Challenger 1873 - 76." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13070408" volume="3" year="1881">Hoek (1881)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
. Yet, variations in the shape of the ocular tubercle were observed, in some specimens this structure being conical and in others, rounded. All specimens had a proboscis 1.5 times as long as the trunk, on average, the same proportion observed by
|
||
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Stock, JH" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="321 - 340" refId="B50" refString="Stock, JH, 1963. South African deep-sea Pycnogonida, with descriptions of five new species. Annals of the South African Museum 46 (12): 321 - 340" title="South African deep-sea Pycnogonida, with descriptions of five new species." volume="46" year="1963">Stock (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
|
|
for individuals identified as
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. orcadensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="orcadensis">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C. orcadensis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
. Although molecular analyses are an important new source of evidence, their results need to be correlated with detailed morphological analyses, in order to corroborate or refute the recent results with the older morphological work available in literature.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fry" authorityYear="1978" class="Pycnogonida" family="Pallenopsidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pallenopsidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
Fry, 1978
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1881" class="Pycnogonida" family="Pallenopsidae" genus="Pallenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pallenopsis" order="Pantopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Pallenopsis</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
Wilson, 1881
|
||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
|