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257 lines
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<document id="9980BADD2AA94B6B5E24F50487A21018" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3609.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efd85aa0-d2a5-4d72-8125-6d45ab6935fc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="224051" ID-ZooBank="4D73C473-2533-4E1B-A039-113DF838F42A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460572518824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nunes, Rafael V. & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2013" docId="03C187996A40073BFF00FB69E2BB8649" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03609p420.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3609 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) vidaurrei Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello 2013, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="413" masterDocId="FFF8FFE16A410739FF97FFF6E12B827D" masterDocTitle="New brachypterous species of Dichotomius Hope, with taxonomic notes in the subgenus Luederwaldtinia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="411" pageNumber="412" updateTime="1698322432242" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C0A2C9AAD79C27BE550DAA7CD87BE0EF">
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<mods:title id="9F0C433CCFE28DDF2C8CA603544B197D">New brachypterous species of Dichotomius Hope, with taxonomic notes in the subgenus Luederwaldtinia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9001FE7E76C71F84CFA018BE64302D3B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5BEE43A37F5E499AE913C5EC8B228D98">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D6B8AAEF0353ADC775D2EE46D8A11EEF">Nunes, Rafael V.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="49C9EB6E659ACD89FBC8CC0245FC6AD8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2D22DEAA4206555A452273C5B285A76B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5E9B7FE8FE27A9025E24D962C7D6AF23">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1C9F884F26C6C83D6A6F9D29B9A3BBF1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5BC3577B87C34F204BE85E48839B57EF">
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<mods:title id="D2A4E488E8F8D305D960238623C51066">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="767EF0AF5ADFE428D2BF81D6AF79D7A4">
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<mods:date id="FE587BA352E4AAE706FA043B6BB936C5">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AB99674DD509EE07A749CE1882B72009" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="730205FF410BB32C9C016EE989AFAFE0">2013-01-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="02EF1860E954A83FFC353D678612B1EF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E540A3808AB35361322D958ECDB2DFC2">3609</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="AC84FF9FEEFA5944DBDB912C44930541" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="B53D40665FF5841D63D956FD4A86F510">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3D61E49B639567DAA4D76A85B7595C65">411</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="DF59D7097CD21E49A15A42C47C568801">420</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="6A51B3CA20460C2E25CA049D7036FE51">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E888391943C6F39DEB03190D9160B631" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3609.4.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4FBEC711A64FDFE7002B7458D6A2E2D7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F9C4CA441F324EC2A080C3462FF0C65A" type="Zenodo-Dep">224051</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="02AF1EE41C19788DBFBE2C90BF5DB556" type="ZooBank">4D73C473-2533-4E1B-A039-113DF838F42A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03C187996A40073BFF00FB69E2BB8649" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6148974" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159868442" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6148974" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C187996A40073BFF00FB69E2BB8649" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C187996A40073BFF00FB69E2BB8649" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<subSubSection id="C37265046A400738FF00FB69E2F386C4" box="[151,984,1183,1209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A400738FF00FB69E2F386C4" blockId="1.[151,984,1183,1209]" box="[151,984,1183,1209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<heading id="D09F81E36A400738FF00FB69E2F386C4" bold="true" box="[151,984,1183,1209]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF00FB69E2F386C4" bold="true" box="[151,984,1183,1209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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Description of
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A400738FED8FB69E26A86C4" ID-CoL="35NDB" authority="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello, 2013" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[335,833,1183,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FED8FB69E26A86C4" bold="true" box="[335,833,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) vidaurrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57E66A400738FCDFFB69E2F386C4" box="[840,984,1183,1209]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37265046A400738FF00FB10E430873B" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A400738FF00FB10E430873B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF00FB10E0C38682" bold="true" box="[151,488,1254,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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Material studied:
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<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A400738FEE5FB11E0C88682" box="[370,483,1255,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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3
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<collectingCountry id="F37F761F6A400738FD98FB10E3AD8683" box="[527,646,1254,1278]" name="Bolivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FD04FB10E2378682" bold="true" box="[659,796,1254,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Santa Cruz</emphasis>
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: Prov.: Cordillera. Loc: Palmar de las Islas.
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<date id="FFD6104F6A400738FA89FB10E4A08683" box="[1310,1419,1254,1278]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" value="2007-01-29">29/I/2007</date>
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/ Leg. T. Vidaurre /
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FEFCFAFDE3E5875E" box="[363,718,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A400738FEFCFAFDE342875E" authority="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello, 2013" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[363,617,1291,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei" status="sp. nov.">Dichotomius vidaurrei</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57E66A400738FDE5FAFAE3E0875E" box="[626,715,1292,1315]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A400738FD4FFAFCE26F875F" box="[728,836,1290,1314]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. R.V. Nunes and F.Z.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B7E6A400738FBA8FAFCE40B875F" author="Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z. & Edmonds, W. D. & Ocampo, F. & Schoolmeesters, P." box="[1087,1312,1290,1314]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" pagination="1 - 73" part="2854" refId="ref8368" refString="Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z., Edmonds, W. D., Ocampo, F. & Schoolmeesters, P. (2011) A multilingual key to the genera and subgenera of the subfamily Scarabaeinae of the New World (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Zootaxa, 2854, 1 - 73" title="A multilingual key to the genera and subgenera of the subfamily Scarabaeinae of the New World (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)" type="journal article" year="2011">Vaz-de-Mello, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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[MNKM].
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF00FAD9E033873A" bold="true" box="[151,280,1327,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A400738FF00FAD9E038873A" box="[151,275,1327,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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7 3, 2 Ƥ same data as
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<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A400738FD8BFAD8E355873B" box="[540,638,1326,1350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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[CEMT, MNKM]; 1 3 same data but
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<date id="FFD6104F6A400738FBBAFAD8E586873B" box="[1069,1197,1326,1350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" value="2007-02-01" valueMax="2007-02-06" valueMin="2007-02-01">1-6/II/2007</date>
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[CEMT].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37265046A400738FF5EFAA4E21787AB" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A400738FF5EFAA4E21787AB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF5EFAA4E06E8716" bold="true" box="[201,325,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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since this species has the pronotal disc covered with ocellate punctures (
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<figureCitation id="13532A0A6A400738FBECFAA4E5908717" box="[1147,1211,1362,1386]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[238,1366,207,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[209,1377,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dichotomius mysticus (A) dorsal habitus; (B) dorsal view of genitalia; (C) hind wing; and (D) tarsi and tarsal claw (indicated by black arrow). Dichotomius vidaurrei (E) dorsal habitus; (F) dorsal view of genitalia; and (G) hind wing. Scale bar = 1.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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E), it belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A400738FF00FA8EE1D087F3" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[151,251,1398,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF00FA8EE18087F2" box="[151,171,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">D</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF2EFA80E1D087F3" box="[185,251,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">batesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group of
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FE28FA80E3AB87F3" box="[447,640,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A400738FE28FA80E35787F3" box="[447,636,1398,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="417" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Luederwaldtinia">Luederwaldtinia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Within this group,
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A400738FCC0FA8EE2CB87F3" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[855,992,1398,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FCC0FA8EE2CB87F3" box="[855,992,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">D. vidaurrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the presence of three smooth knobs on the head, pronotum wider than elytra, absence of humeral callus, and atrophied hind wing that reaches, at most, one third the length of elytra (
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<figureCitation id="13532A0A6A400738FD4FFA48E23C87AB" box="[728,791,1470,1494]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[238,1366,207,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[209,1377,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dichotomius mysticus (A) dorsal habitus; (B) dorsal view of genitalia; (C) hind wing; and (D) tarsi and tarsal claw (indicated by black arrow). Dichotomius vidaurrei (E) dorsal habitus; (F) dorsal view of genitalia; and (G) hind wing. Scale bar = 1.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224052/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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E).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37265046A40073BFF5EFA15E32580F9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A400738FF5EFA15E4B6858F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FF5EFA15E0BA8786" bold="true" box="[201,401,1507,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">
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<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A400738FF5EFA15E0118786" box="[201,314,1507,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: male:
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</emphasis>
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length: 12.8 mm. Maximum width (pronotum):
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<quantity id="4C909B6A6A400738FC7DFA14E51D8787" box="[1002,1078,1506,1530]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="412" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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. Black, weakly shiny.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FAC4FA15E4B78786" bold="true" box="[1363,1436,1507,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Head:</emphasis>
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triangular, surface transversally ridged, except on three smooth knobs at clypeofrontal region. Ventral clypeal process bifurcated. Clypeal teeth separated by a strong, U-shaped emargination. Clypeogenal suture indistinct. Dorsal clypeal and genal margins with a single row of short setae, the length of these setae doubles on clypeal teeth margin. Head surface lacking horns, acute tubercles, and carinae, with three smooth knobs on clypeofrontal region. Antennal club with light red tumescence.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FDECF961E3D684D2" bold="true" box="[635,765,1687,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Pronotum:</emphasis>
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wider than long and wider than elytra. Disc with ocellate punctures, separated by approximately their diameter. Ocellate punctures present also along posterior margin, lateral margin. and on anterior angle. Weakly-defined posterior longitudinal sulcus. Pronotal disc with feeble anterior declivity. Anterior angles rounded.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FDE8F8F5E23C8566" bold="true" box="[639,791,1795,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Hypomeron:</emphasis>
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with a lateral band of ocellate punctures, wider anteriorly and posteriorly and reduced to a single row medially.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FD63F8D1E2A78542" bold="true" box="[756,908,1831,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Prosternum:</emphasis>
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with elliptical ocellate, setose punctures (setae are half the length of hypomeral setae).
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FD1FF8BDE21E851E" bold="true" box="[648,821,1867,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Mesosternum:</emphasis>
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narrowed and shiny with foveolate microsculpture medially. Ocellate punctures present laterally.
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<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FD48F898E28985FA" bold="true" box="[735,930,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Mesepisternum:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
ocellate, setose punctures separated by approximately twice their diameter.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FDBAF865E3F385D6" bold="true" box="[557,728,1939,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Metasternum:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
portion between mesocoxae one half wider than the rest of the lobe. Anterior lobe completely glabrous with few ocellate punctures on lateral margins.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A400738FB09F841E5D885B2" bold="true" box="[1182,1267,1975,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="412">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
weakly shiny. Discal striae distinctly punctate. Punctures with the same width of striae and separated by 3/4 their diameter.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF00FF61E0878389" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
Lateral (ninth) stria reaching the base. Interstriae convex, barely shiny.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFC20FF6EE2D382CD" bold="true" box="[951,1016,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Legs:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
bearing sparse, black pilosity, denser on mesotibiae and metatibiae. Apical fourth of protibial spur strongly curved inward. Protibiae with four lateral teeth. Metatibial spur truncate.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFE6EFF29E3AA8285" bold="true" box="[505,641,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37F761F6A43073BFE6EFF29E31D8285" box="[505,566,223,248]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
wing:
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Not articulated and non-foldable. Basal sclerites glabrous. Membrane extending up to the point equivalent to the lacking folding articulation. Subcostal vein joining costal axis at its basal quarter. Medial vein extending until the one third of coastal axis. Distinct pilosity present on the apical third of costal axis. Cubital and anal veins absent. Subvenations absent (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13532A0A6A43073BFC32FEBAE2C38319" box="[933,1000,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[238,1366,207,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[209,1377,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dichotomius mysticus (A) dorsal habitus; (B) dorsal view of genitalia; (C) hind wing; and (D) tarsi and tarsal claw (indicated by black arrow). Dichotomius vidaurrei (E) dorsal habitus; (F) dorsal view of genitalia; and (G) hind wing. Scale bar = 1.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224052/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
G).
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFB8DFEBDE5B38319" bold="true" box="[1050,1176,331,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
sixth sternite strongly narrowed medially. Posterior margin of sixth sternite with complete margin.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFC7BFE99E54383F5" bold="true" box="[1004,1128,367,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Pygidium:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
as long as wide, shiny with sparse, ocellate punctures on the basal half.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFD04FE62E23583D1" bold="true" box="[659,798,404,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Phallobase:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
dorsally with apical border strongly curved, angulation present.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF60FE4EE0AA83AD" bold="true" box="[247,385,440,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Parameres:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
almost symmetrical, apically flattened (on lateral view). Dorsoventrally apex with medially directed hooks (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="13532A0A6A43073BFEDDFE2AE0A28389" box="[330,393,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[238,1366,207,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[209,1377,193,1917]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dichotomius mysticus (A) dorsal habitus; (B) dorsal view of genitalia; (C) hind wing; and (D) tarsi and tarsal claw (indicated by black arrow). Dichotomius vidaurrei (E) dorsal habitus; (F) dorsal view of genitalia; and (G) hind wing. Scale bar = 1.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224052/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
F).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF5EFE09E32580F9" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF5EFE09E0DE8065" bold="true" box="[201,501,511,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Morphological variation.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Length varies from
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4C909B6A6A43073BFD4AFE09E267806A" box="[733,844,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="9.0">9–14 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
. In some individuals, clypeogenal suture as well the posterior longitudinal sulcus on pronotum sometimes more or less distinct. Female differ from males as follows:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF00FDBEE1F3801D" bold="true" box="[151,216,584,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Legs:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
protibial spur feeble, curved at apical fourth of length.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFCCBFDB1E2F1801D" bold="true" box="[860,986,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
sixth abdominal sternite medially with twice the width of other sternites.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C37265046A43073BFF5EFD79E5CF80DA" box="[201,1252,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" type="distribution">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF5EFD79E5CF80DA" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" box="[201,1252,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF5EFD79E04980D5" bold="true" box="[201,354,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Known only from Palmar de las Islas, Cordillera province, Santa Cruz,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37F761F6A43073BFB1DFD79E5CB80DA" box="[1162,1248,655,679]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C37265046A43073BFF5EFD42E4158092" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" type="etymology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF5EFD42E4158092" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF5EFD42E07B80B1" bold="true" box="[201,336,692,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Named after Tito Vidaurre Sánchez, scarabaeoidologist who collected the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A43073BFB5CFD43E5D080B0" box="[1227,1275,693,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series. Tito’s enthusiastic interest and knowledge of scarabs has lead to a large amount of new data on Bolivian scarabs.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C37265046A43073BFF5EFD0DE2728121" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" type="discussion">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF5EFD0DE2728121" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF5EFD0DE0778169" bold="true" box="[201,348,763,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Systematics.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFE0CFD0BE3288169" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[411,515,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFE0CFD0BE0848169" box="[411,431,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFE57FD0AE3288169" box="[448,515,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">batesi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
species group, in which
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFCBFFD0BE29F8169" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[808,948,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFCBFFD0BE29F8169" box="[808,948,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">D. vidaurrei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is placed, has many taxonomic problems; despite the taxonomic synopsis by
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B7E6A43073BFDA1FCE9E3F4814A" author="Pereira, F. S." box="[566,735,799,823]" journalOrPublisher="Arquivos do museu Paranaense" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" pagination="317 - 328" part="6" refId="ref8119" refString="Pereira, F. S. (1947) Pinotus da secao Batesi. Arquivos do museu Paranaense, 6, 317 - 328." title="Pinotus da secao Batesi" type="journal article" year="1947">Pereira (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
. Without further taxonomic research, it is difficult to make conclusions on what species are close relatives of
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFD5FFCB3E27A8121" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[712,849,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFD5FFCB3E27A8121" box="[712,849,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">D. vidaurrei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C37265046A43073BFF5EFC91E2BB8649" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" type="biology_ecology">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD7368F6A43073BFF5EFC91E2BB8649" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFF5EFC91E0CA81FD" bold="true" box="[201,481,871,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Ecological information.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
The
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A43073BFD8DFC9FE36181FC" box="[538,586,873,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
series was collected for an ecological project under the name “
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFA9AFC9EE4B781FD" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1838" box="[1293,1436,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFA9AFC9EE4B781FD" box="[1293,1436,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Dichotomius</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
sp.2” (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B7E6A43073BFF73FC7AE0F181D9" author="Vidaurre, T. & Gonzales, L. & Ledezma, M. J." box="[228,474,908,932]" journalOrPublisher="Kempffiana" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" pagination="3 - 20" part="4" refId="ref8424" refString="Vidaurre, T., Gonzales, L. & Ledezma, M. J. (2008) Escarabajos coprofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) del Palmar de Las Islas, Santa Cruz - Bolivia. Kempffiana, 4, 3 - 20." title="Escarabajos coprofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) del Palmar de Las Islas, Santa Cruz - Bolivia" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
|||
|
|
Vidaurre
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFEC3FC7BE0A181D9" box="[340,394,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">et al</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
. 2008
|
|||
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFE66FC7AE3D881D9" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[497,755,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFE66FC7AE3D881D9" box="[497,755,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Dichotomius vidaurrei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
was collected with pitfall traps baited with human feces. Specimens were collected at “Bosque Chaqueño” and “Bosque de Palmas”, both ecosystems are considered disturbed. Within the study site
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFE6EFC23E3AA8191" authorityName="Nunes & Vaz-De-Mello" authorityYear="2013" box="[505,641,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidaurrei">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFE6EFC23E3AA8191" box="[505,641,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">D. vidaurrei</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
is rare; with only 22 of the 3382 collected individuals belonging to this species. This species is sympatric with an unidentified species of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFC31FC0FE579866D" baseAuthorityName="Mannerheim" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[934,1106,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFC31FC0FE291866D" box="[934,954,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFC5EFC0EE579866D" box="[969,1106,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">carbonarius</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group and with
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C684D0C6A43073BFA9AFC0EE0168649" authority="(Olivier)" authorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nisus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B91CEA9D6A43073BFA9AFC0EE1FA8649" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="413">Dichotomius nisus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Olivier)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Three
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="54D3882D6A43073BFE07FBEBE0D08648" box="[400,507,1053,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="413" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
were hand collected during the day.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|