178 lines
22 KiB
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178 lines
22 KiB
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<mods:title id="DC1CFFBEAAEB58A2EF7CFBB44A53EE58">Diversity, distribution and biology of Romanian flat-footed flies (Diptera, Opetiidae and Platypezidae) with taxonomic notes on Callomyiasaibhira Chandler</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4F29508B8DFA46E36C8AC8527C59F46">Tkoc, Michal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1E450F420DB8DEC6F263A087AD81FF66">Rohacek, Jindrich</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="718B2A8D5F737B0DA3766DB992FE134C">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1ED96BB6ECA29AC712D263884321683C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="10A73F788027046C55C4E8C97594CE2C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="531FF9C653FC2E47265465CC20886728">459</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FC89E1B0BCAE277CF7199800B210AB87">95</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="5DD2B60A2FA2B83A33F48EF3D712FA04">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.459.8376</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="2C633053F41F99A312C9BFE531E5DD57">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4028C8B6D2252D41655CC95C443655CD" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.459.8376</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E43CE3EE235E10A08B70BD8C4B7620FA" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-459-95</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="4B6CCD4BC5D3808A1D021625E9FA3D8D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056812" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6CCD4BC5D3808A1D021625E9FA3D8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B6CCD4BC5D3808A1D021625E9FA3D8D" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
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<subSubSection id="C4FCAC6F6611936794D4CE66418FF403" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="2B6F2C01F83E3243D0A34965DB879C66" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Platypezidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3383BAC7BD1C5B3323555F88ED567F39" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4A29E3B7BAFE1B020767D846ED622614" pageId="5" pageNumber="100">
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*
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<taxonomicName id="13E55B161E542D20006BB12B6EDFB910" ID-CoL="PVGS" authority="Chandler, 1976" authorityName="Chandler" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia saibhira" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saibhira">Callomyia saibhira Chandler, 1976</taxonomicName>
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Figs 9-10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6FEB9F2FD86A02BE3F5B4EB401B7629E" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="EDE5B46C646AAD8853F6CCEAF60B7C76" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
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<pageBreakToken id="7455BA82151327673E532C70C75399FE" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
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examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C41A7F98E6CEAA0E07BD7E93F318412" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
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1 ♂, 1. vi. 2008, Banat,
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<normalizedToken id="9E255376CD9870D58FFFFBF490E2E9D8" originalValue="Sfânta">Sfanta</normalizedToken>
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Elena, 4 km NE,
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<normalizedToken id="48DF3E7AC8FEE6683B8482DE3AECC90F" originalValue="Kulhavá">Kulhava</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="01BE65F721CE6BC74E0DFD826B136685" originalValue="skála">skala</normalizedToken>
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, Vranovec cave (Figure 17), 300 m a.s.l.,
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<geoCoordinate id="98B3220E48C64A388E9603ECFE47227B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="44.703335">44°42'12"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="54DE910730D7B918983203686275B6C7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="21.731112">21°43'52"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sweeping vegetation along brook, JR leg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6DBCCC729C2E0D67EA6574D0A58F44DB" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
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Differential diagnosis. Male of
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<taxonomicName id="E9437EDEC675767C62520E05F4A8545C" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia saibhira" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saibhira">Callomyia saibhira</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="0EF6E1EC34F3EAD2545C5A1611B967B0" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia amoena" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoena">Callomyia amoena</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5BC779570DC1CA7893F95472A3CA0E56" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia elegans" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">Callomyia elegans</taxonomicName>
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by having darker halteres that are not orange (brown with knob black).
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<taxonomicName id="6EFD98686BE902EBC7754BE1F938AD1C" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia speciosa" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosa">Callomyia speciosa</taxonomicName>
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have longer arista and shorter first flagellomere and upper part of pleura is not so silvery grey dusted as in
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<taxonomicName id="CEC0561DBA3FB79A9319E6FC8BDD1F3B" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia saibhira" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saibhira">Callomyia saibhira</taxonomicName>
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. From its most similar species,
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<taxonomicName id="00B8BC7D73C55B1F4F567EC1E9EBB0B1" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia dives" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dives">Callomyia dives</taxonomicName>
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Zetterstedt, 1838, it differs by a clear wing membrane, brown palpus and different genitalia, basal lobe of gonopod is shorter (Figure 10). Females have unique abdominal coloration: tergites 1-4 (T1-4) are orange yellow with narrow brown hind margins on T2-4, only T5 is black, T6 and terminal segments are silvery grey dusted.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0C3B0DA5D2F205744705115A14178011" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="6" pageNumber="101" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="C1A1F8D48D76D0C4340363460BA98876" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="22AA8AA08507367FF889CABE143AEF3C" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Male. Body length 4.1 mm. Wing length 3.8 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD115D8246BC3611C4B7EC19081B56C5" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">Head black with silvery grey dusting. Antenna dark brown, scapus with dorsal seta reaching to tip of pedicel, pedicel with one strong dorsal seta reaching to the middle of first flagellomere, both sides of pedicel with 3 short setae, 1 short seta on ventral position. First flagellomere conical, twice as long as pedicel. Second and third flagellomere long. Arista half of antennal length. Two pairs of small frontal setae. Ocellar tubercle dull brown, with one pair of ocellar setae and one pair of small postocellar setae. Postocular setae long, their apices visible in anterior view. Face and parafacial bare, silvery grey dusted. Gena, occiput and postgena with long black setae. Occiput black, silvery grey dusted. Palpi brown with short black setae, proboscis brown with pale pubescence.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B96D871AE643FF723FEC704806231989" pageId="6" pageNumber="101">
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Thorax velvet black with silvery grey dusted areas. Two very inconspicuous median dorsal grey stripes between dorsocentral and acrostichal setae ending in anterior two thirds of scutum. Posterior sides of scutum silvery shining. Pleural sides of thorax without setae, silvery grey coloured. All thoracic setae black. Uniserial row of acrostichal setae, two rows of about 10 dorsocentral setae. Humeral callus with top brownish, with 2 humeral setae; 4 small posthumeral setae. One postalar seta. Notopleural group composed of 6 setae: 1st long, 2
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<normalizedToken id="7A099001838608D34248F420AABD99E1" originalValue="nd–">nd-</normalizedToken>
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4th short, 5
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<normalizedToken id="37E79B4107D7B4157BD71DB7DE711C8C" originalValue="th–">th-</normalizedToken>
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6th long. Notopleural area silvery grey dusted. Two long presutural and 4-5 small postsutural setae. Scutellum black, with 2 prominent scutellar setae on each side. Haltere brownish with knob black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DC3E224E365759C7B90AA93E11ADAF0" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
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<pageBreakToken id="BDCDFF43C488710E761A6BA86E8946C5" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" start="start">Wing</pageBreakToken>
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hyaline with brown to dark brown veins. Subcostal cell (sc) yellow tinted and with microtrichia. Wing surface not uniformly covered with microtrichia, microtrichia present on anal lobe, posterior and distal part of wing. First longitudinal vein (R1) bearing 9-10 spines. Anterior (r-m) and posterior (dm-cu) crossveins present. Costal cell (c) equal to sc in length. Posterior crossvein (dm-cu) twice as long as distal part of the fifth longitudinal vein (CuA1). Anal cell (cup) elongated, its length about three times portion of anal vein (A1+CuA2) beyond it.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DF8199A8B1AEF69A346FF087A0CCC36" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
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Legs slender, brown, slightly silvery shiny. All coxae silvery dusted with black setae, yellow distally. Fore femur with longer fine ventral setae distally. Fore femur with 1 oxhorn seta. Apices of femora and basal parts of tibiae (=
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<normalizedToken id="EF37B4A9975BAE1792705A2CDA63E8F4" originalValue="“knees”">"knees"</normalizedToken>
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) yellow. Fore tibia with 1 anteroventral spur. Fore tarsomeres I−II yellow. Mid tibia bearing short dorsal seta above middle (anterodorsal seta absent) and two long ventral apical spurs. Hind femur of the same width as hind tibia. Hind tarsomere I with ventral seta above middle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E14AC4066FD9D1C2E7E8FBD620C616E" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Abdomen black with silver-grey coloured markings. Setae on abdomen fine and black. Tergites 1 and 2 (T1+2) more setulose than the others, T3+T4 sparsely setulose. T1 black, its anterior half shiny silvery grey in lateral view. T2 black with silvery grey marking on posteroventral area. In lateral view this marking occupies posterior third of T2. T3 black, with similar (but smaller) marking, mainly on ventral part. T4 black, with silvery grey marking on posteroventral area occupying posterior two thirds in lateral view. T5 black. T6 black with posterior border grey. T7 small, entirely grey. Sternite 8 also grey, without setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="20B785824DDD6625EC77716BA2F69CBF" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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<pageBreakToken id="E45A75005B7DFAE831070AB2D5E0B067" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" start="start">Genitalia</pageBreakToken>
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(Figure 10) with epandrium grey, cercus brownish, surstylus and hypandrium shiny amber-brown. Paramere (postgonite) slightly curved dorsally with base narrower, its broader apical part slightly tapered towards the rounded apex. Aedeagus (phallus) broad in lateral view, its dorsal apex with sharp tooth anteriorly, bluntly rounded posteriorly. Hypandrium with small inner hypandrial lobe (ihl) sub-basal to gonopod. Gonopod (hypandrial lobe) trifid, with shorter basal gonopodal lobe (bgl) and longer terminal part deeply bifid forming two slender apical lobes. Surstylus with basal part narrower than its apical rounded part, the latter with a digitiform dorsal process. Terminal lobe of epandrium gradually tapered and slightly curved, covered by setulae and with 2 longer setae. Ventral part of epandrium with 5 prominent setae two smaller setae and two additional smaller setae positioned more ventrally. Cercus covered by microtrichia and with short curly setulae on apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D31CF1941FF97619FE2A5DE6E7A615DC" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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Female. Not studied, for description see
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<bibRefCitation id="AE4F541940FB90B9413A6D188D76F5B9" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist Gazette" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="257 - 261" title="A new species of Callomyia Meigen (Diptera: Platypezidae) from Bulgaria." volume="27" year="1976">Chandler (1976</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="6A9F83FB12E511291360F6753BDA993A" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica Volume 36, Brill, Leiden, Boston, Koeln" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" title="The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="920432A20EEE624D323545FD25277248" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="305C02AF4B347FC9259A1982046F8721" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5FB7380D59BFA450C7BFD40AB9DC4E8D" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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Palaearctic species. Hitherto recorded only from Bulgaria (
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<bibRefCitation id="C962CDD3337D66FE24647D7AFD8549AB" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist Gazette" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" pagination="257 - 261" title="A new species of Callomyia Meigen (Diptera: Platypezidae) from Bulgaria." volume="27" year="1976">Chandler 1976</bibRefCitation>
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) and the Far East of Russia (
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<bibRefCitation id="B0990F00142E34D9E44B4B9AADB8E852" author="Shatalkin, AI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="69 - 136" title="Obzor gribnykh mukh (Diptera, Platypezidae) fauny SSSR. [A review of the flat-footed flies (Diptera, Platypezidae) of USSR]." volume="23" year="1985">Shatalkin 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). New record for Romania.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5BFA0F086C445350B9DEB16C7DB08502" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" type="biology">
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<paragraph id="F29D9F304DBCD8E3840931D609C7856D" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21F09DCBF8E348CA1C4872A1961AEC94" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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Unknown. The larvae of other European
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<taxonomicName id="213CBC3A6E19BEC604EC4CCDFCA1EB75" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Callomyia</taxonomicName>
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species develop on mycelia under bark of various trees (see above under
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<taxonomicName id="AB47497E6D8AC5B33BB5A890F6185C84" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia amoena" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoena">Callomyia amoena</taxonomicName>
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). The adult male examined was swept from vegetation close to a cave along a small brook (Figure 17). The known flight period in Europe is in VI.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FAE53D97DD43E49C01CB71B2DB0F9DFB" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="6B349B1DFB32377D893F625DF34085E2" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2ED2D2F40FB3445A26BEB56251FD2958" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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This is the second specimen and first male of the species from Europe. Other known material (♂♂ and ♀♀) was collected in the Far East of Russia, Amur region (
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<bibRefCitation id="496E1DAE1E9F1E3D8EE28A77ABAE9962" author="Shatalkin, AI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR" pageId="18" pageNumber="113" pagination="69 - 136" title="Obzor gribnykh mukh (Diptera, Platypezidae) fauny SSSR. [A review of the flat-footed flies (Diptera, Platypezidae) of USSR]." volume="23" year="1985">Shatalkin 1985</bibRefCitation>
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). It is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="AA00D1814369CF2E918FE03579CF8C3A" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia dives" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dives">Callomyia dives</taxonomicName>
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in the morphology of males, but the silver coloration on the thorax and abdomen is less developed. Also, the basal lobe of the gonopod (bgl) is shorter (Figure 10). This species seems to have an inland distribution, whereas
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<taxonomicName id="6B38A3D645EE7E8D0DBCC6ACBFAE8866" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia dives" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dives">Callomyia dives</taxonomicName>
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is found mostly on islands or close to coastal zones of Europe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="04D2D66BFD5C2085762B43193FD7DF34" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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<bibRefCitation id="8606F534DDD0EA4AC8AFA46F4C3C1B77" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica Volume 36, Brill, Leiden, Boston, Koeln" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" title="The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe." year="2001">Chandler (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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figured genitalia of an Amur specimen collected by Shatalkin. However, the genitalia of our specimen do not entirely fit into the description and figure of
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<bibRefCitation id="AEA20BDBCC362BA2EB0964A6B8DD869A" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica Volume 36, Brill, Leiden, Boston, Koeln" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" title="The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe." year="2001">Chandler (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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. The main differences appear to be as follows (see Figure 10): presence of inner hypandrial lobe (ihl) positioned sub-basally to gonopod (this character is present in more
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<taxonomicName id="FDF68FFDF707DCBDA13A14EB2820CAF5" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Callomyia</taxonomicName>
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species, but usually omitted in the descriptions and figures in the literature); paramere (postgonite) is wider in lateral view, curved dorsally, with narrow basal part; morphology and position of basal gonopodal lobe (bgl) is very similar to that of
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<bibRefCitation id="9A70351623995B7FFF1AE5BB57A56961" author="Chandler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica Volume 36, Brill, Leiden, Boston, Koeln" pageId="17" pageNumber="112" title="The flat-footed flies (Diptera: Opetiidae and Platypezidae) of Europe." year="2001">Chandler (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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, but the bifurcation of terminal part of gonopod is more profound; the apical part of surstylus is less rounded and its basal part is only slightly narrower than apical part; cerci have shorter curly setulae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="7822E0D5E4784D2152F671022C22A322" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph id="D5EE254E0C7455648C4183913460ADB7" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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Figure 9.
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<taxonomicName id="D7F3D2B53B97D6CB28ECF63A4633C12B" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia saibhira" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saibhira">Callomyia saibhira</taxonomicName>
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Chandler, 1976, male from Romania: body in lateral view. Photo by M.
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<normalizedToken id="C091ACE97C25BAB61BA2361E4333FECE" originalValue="Tkoč">Tkoc</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="B69C5ED5DEE2BAD1A66662C56D13A93E" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph id="5428C4BE9731F22AB6C06D38CA082362" pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
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Figure 10.
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<taxonomicName id="A5EC72CEFCB31857B19C9F8B118182BD" class="Insecta" family="Platypezidae" genus="Callomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callomyia saibhira" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saibhira">Callomyia saibhira</taxonomicName>
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Chandler, 1976, male genitalia of specimen from Romania: right lateral view. (bgl - basal gonopodal lobe, ihl - inner hypandrial lobe).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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