156 lines
21 KiB
XML
156 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="54B8AD021BE8EF736F82374B27B34C9E">The Crematogaster (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) of Costa Rica.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="60A4B1CB02A5BCD312CBD4990773A332">Longino, J. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4957D02C86989E5E86D530A086AA7BF7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="56926DE792E0E28A19DE590E3407E55F">
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<mods:date id="4DE97BD1DA7660B71A15490B4E0BA110">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="604D000173112AEAC6FC63F16273F804">151</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B8A6F7FA026268315AB94F3C01FBF249">http://antbase.org/ants/publications/20256/20256.pdf</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="96C9848AEEE2BB5D227C507FA30D7CE5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1FC44807B3EBF308A12B7A572ACC4A51" type="HNS-Pub">20256</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8196A0447B0AAECB290304E2E905DD40" type="ZooBank">9813210B-5B9F-4FDE-86DD-3AE55166EC9C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E78FA720F6E43E9F8D6354FFEFA7E1F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6275042" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100126166" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6275042" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E78FA720F6E43E9F8D6354FFEFA7E1F8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E78FA720F6E43E9F8D6354FFEFA7E1F8" lastPageNumber="99" pageNumber="97">
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<subSubSection id="90DCAA9395D94058C1EB13A5CBDF9735" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3117F4FCB0538648A9032534825A7BEF" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="E133D9B111E16D4E74A564C995F0A00B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">Crematogaster obscurata Emery</taxonomicName>
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1895
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A02ADDA3109E7A97AD7DAD6E1D522760">NEW STATUS</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B98A08C82352566F35788FA56BD9903D" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1B48A8F7882A5BC6502DB2E0C964F12C" pageNumber="97">Figure 4, Plate 2, 6</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="17F5CB4149025168CE15C7EA265162E1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5240F0B32A4921E9B795314EF8890B66" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="CEC9C3965171A74514DFC6A8AE967F6B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:149357" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster victima obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="victima" variety="obscurata">Crematogaster victima var. obscurata Emery</taxonomicName>
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, 1895:287 (footnote).
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<materialsCitation id="6950D218AFFADF37AFAD57F365DD6EE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1058481418" collectionCode="MCSN" country="Venezuela" location="no specific locality" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus id="2A32937980091D3DEBC1D5BFD0E0D1B1">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker:
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<collectingCountry id="393C3C975F9E0F591348436B7A9709BA">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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[
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<location id="6AD32902D754AA7BB407D844D3E1AEF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E78FA720F6E43E9F8D6354FFEFA7E1F8:6AD32902D754AA7BB407D844D3E1AEF6" country="Venezuela" name="no specific locality">no specific locality</location>
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] [
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<collectionCode id="A46CDD7859B753ACEA65F4A0B802FADF" collectionName="Italy, Genova, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria"">MCSN</collectionCode>
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]
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</materialsCitation>
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(examined). Emery, 1922:136: combination in
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<taxonomicName id="955DE8D80837DAE4B73CCFEC553C07F8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183852" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster (Orthocrema) Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Orthocrema">C. (Orthocrema)</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="80FF2889CA9E1C94BD8D04AEA6785A9C" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="17263557862C5EE804FF5F78EB0267F4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:136797" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster (Orthocrema) agnita Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agnita" subGenus="Orthocrema">Crematogaster (Orthocrema) agnita Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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1934:175.
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<materialsCitation id="97ECFDC3813CBFBE9E3095D4C95C1025" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1058481419" collectingDate="1911-12-12" collectionCode="LACM, NHMB" collectorName="Wheeler" country="Guatemala" location="Zacapa (" an uncommonly arid locality ")" stateProvince="Zacapa" typeStatus="Syntype">
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<typeStatus id="BFCBD2C1407F484845E2CA1E0A2540B4">Syntype</typeStatus>
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worker, queen:
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<collectingCountry id="39176BF76ACB7B6E63F601591813341C">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8FC1A862808273DD033FEFF1B1FD0398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E78FA720F6E43E9F8D6354FFEFA7E1F8:8FC1A862808273DD033FEFF1B1FD0398">
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<collectingRegion id="E47010787388E6CA9F24C2787C008022">Zacapa</collectingRegion>
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("an uncommonly arid locality")
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</location>
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,
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<date id="DBF45EBB6CCDA06BE418C74F5CB687A1" day="12" month="12" value="1911-12-12" year="1911">
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<collectingDate id="880693C24C704F22BFEC1E4AD37D4B58" day="12" month="12" value="1911-12-12" year="1911">12 Dec 1911</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, in hollow twigs (
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<collectorName id="46615AB1B173B2615EEAD346B4D53C79">Wheeler</collectorName>
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) [
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<collectionCode id="D329C32A95FE823AF2CE08AFF9D393F4" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History">LACM</collectionCode>
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; probable
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<typeStatus id="0BAE95B0CD40A4A9608D17038FA8AA7C">syntype</typeStatus>
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workers with same data at
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<collectionCode id="1E7EC780EFDC859331F1C63B543895BE" collectionName="Switzerland, Basel, Naturhistorisches Museum">NHMB</collectionCode>
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, identified as
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<taxonomicName id="25C7D2D983F0A671680B0638ACC9BFC8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28421" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster sculpturata Pergande" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sculpturata">sculpturata</taxonomicName>
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by Santschi]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="691BF8BF6DA8BAB90B78CB1963C56DA8">NEW SYNONYMY</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C375B12CF56DE5F39779F289BA916A40" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="EAA2CEB7F0A4F0899CE156FFDC734A4B" pageNumber="97">Range</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="94F71AB0DA02884339D575F51F96FE99" pageNumber="97">USA (Florida), Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Costa Rica, Venezuela.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BA596EB1E675E17D43604E10C114A97B" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6DA1909F639E4E133DDD5A3E0923EC66" pageNumber="97">Description of worker</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B475622ECDF9EF68133CEC8044C22CB" pageNumber="97">Color red brown, gaster and face darker than rest of body.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BA71D4904405658325E87D553EB53F1E" pageNumber="97">Mandibles shiny, longitudinally striate, striae faint to pronounced; face with conspicuous microaerolate sculpture over most of surface, with a smooth shiny strip medially, extent of medial strip variable; scapes with abundant long subdecumbent to suberect pubescence, lacking differentiated long, erect setae; antennal club 2-segmented; clypeus shiny with 2-4 longitudinal rugulae; face with dense stubble of 30-40 short, stiff, erect setae; ventral surface of head smooth and shiny with sparse suberect to subdecumbent pilosity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D4AA24DDA7A6984980204E82E8B3F19" lastPageNumber="98" pageNumber="97">In lateral view, dorsal profile of pronotum, mesonotum, and propodeum forms continuous curve, dorsal and posterior faces of propodeum in same plane, sloping to petiolar insertion; propodeal spines projecting posterodorsally; pronotal dorsum with clathrate sculpture forming a lattice of longitudinal and transverse carinae with smooth and shiny interspaces; mesonotal dorsum with low, longitudinal carinulae laterally, microareolate sculpture medially; propodeal suture impressed medially but not visible in side view because lateral mesonotal carinulae continue onto dorsal face of propodeum; mesonotal carinulae have slight tooth at propodeal suture; dorsal face of propodeum very short, only visible in dorsal view, differentiated from posterior face by transverse carina, dorsal and posterior faces with faint microaerolate sculpture; propodeal spines short, thin, and sharp; side of mesosoma mostly microareolate/punctate, with variable degree of weakening of sculpture on side of pronotum, becoming entirely smooth and shining in some cases; setae on mesosomal dorsum stiff, relatively short, of variable length, longest approximately 0.14mm long, dorsum of pronotum with anterior row of four setae, anterolateral and posterolateral dorsum of mesonotum (at propodeal suture) each with a seta; propodeal spine with one long seta at base, subequal in length to spine; additional shorter setae dispersed among primary setae; legs with appressed to subdecumbent pubescence and no erect setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4DAE6E9E5813E8E8ECC332C63A716C29" lastPageNumber="98" pageNumber="97">Petiole in side view trapezoidal; side densely microareolate/punctate; with acute anteroventral tooth; dorsal face subquadrate, about as wide as long, faintly microareolate or smooth and shining; posterodorsal face short, densely microareolate; posterolateral tubercles each with two stiff setae; postpetiole in dorsal view subrectangular, wider than long, with slight posterior emargination; postpetiole with small anteroventral tooth; dorsum and sides with microareolate sculpture; with 4-6 stiff erect setae; fourth abdominal tergite with very faint, areolate microsculpture, shiny, with about 50 stiff erect setae evenly dispersed over surface.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="033374F0AC6E76315835B95F890BDD18" pageNumber="98">Measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FF7C909677EC8A955F8AA21E069FEDE8" pageNumber="98">HL 0.593, 0.555, 0.622; HW 0.633, 0.608, 0.657; HC 0.584, 0.542, 0.611; SL 0.539, 0.511, 0.546; EL 0.161, 0.145, 0.162; A11L 0.242; A11W 0.119; A10L 0.116; A10W 0.109; A09L 0.061; A09W 0.065; A08L 0.041; A08W 0.067; WL 0.646, 0.580, 0.671; SPL 0.137, 0.116, 0.130; PTH 0.161, 0.150, 0.162; PTL 0.173, 0.163, 0.191; PTW 0.196, 0.166, 0.186; PPL 0.149, 0.124, 0.135; PPW 0.210, 0.173, 0.196; CI 107, 110, 106; OI 27, 26, 26; SI 91, 92, 88; PTHI 93, 92, 85; PTWI 113, 102, 97; PPI 141, 140, 145; SPI 21, 20, 19; ACI 1.75.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DDE3F5F1D92F20CFA5501F334DC3A2DC" pageNumber="98">Queen</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A37AD61EEC3FEDA96C7FA25560272BC1" pageNumber="98">
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I have not observed the syntype queen of Wheeler's
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<taxonomicName id="2C5E720388350B3B2F4E5D6C5C68FC5F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28059" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster agnita Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agnita">agnita</taxonomicName>
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, and I have seen no other queens of
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<taxonomicName id="D35C61E1087D2BD5E6EA923C9E072F27" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">obscurata</taxonomicName>
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. Given the similarity of
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<taxonomicName id="90EC16522EB4A9ABE0F855FDF462270F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">obscurata</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="0E83D7B96A0E08273FEEADE6DDD0A5A6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28436" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster steinheili Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">steinheili</taxonomicName>
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, I assume it has queens like those of
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<taxonomicName id="6B30C92E115BBBF8834029B0F3C8CA59" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28436" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster steinheili Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">steinheili</taxonomicName>
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, which are normal queens (dorsal face of propodeum drops steeply from postscutellum and much of propodeum appears ventral to scutellum and postscutellum, Fig. 1) with general shape, sculpture, and pilosity characters of the worker.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AE98B3D65C954ED4B463610CF51FAFEC" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="273F9FB52B0B33E9159EF90D1B5A9D2C" pageNumber="98">Biology</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31277EEDE31FE2056FB51681A815FDD1" lastPageNumber="99" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="21C2707AF89008785B666248D77B988E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">Crematogaster obscurata</taxonomicName>
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occurs in dry forest habitats and beach margins. Mark Deyrup recently discovered a nest in the Florida keys, where it is most likely a recent introduction. I have collected the species twice in Costa Rica, both collections from Santa Rosa National Park in the seasonally dry habitats of Guanacaste Province. One collection was made while collecting at night in second growth dry forest near the park administrative headquarters. An aggregation of workers was in a tree knot. The second collection was from Playa Naranjo, at the upper beach edge. Small necrotic spots in live stems of a small
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<taxonomicName id="56385F5CE665F39D23B80493A4D5B765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Gliricidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sepium">Gliricidia sepium</taxonomicName>
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tree (Fabaceae) contained aggregations of workers only, with no brood or sexuals. The collection was made in the late afternoon, and the workers were not foraging. Even when the cavities were disturbed, the workers remained quiescent, appressed to the walls. The types of Wheeler's
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<taxonomicName id="A1070334A95E76221E223C260E2C371C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28059" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster agnita Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agnita">agnita</taxonomicName>
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were collected in hollow twigs, and workers have been twice intercepted in U.S. quarantine stations, in both cases in
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<taxonomicName id="93E987590804EC039585767BC3FBB2F7" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Oncidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Oncidium</taxonomicName>
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orchids from Guatemala.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
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<subSubSection id="63205D6235482C2FA4F20DEB72024198" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="5F06001B9AB67DEF9F5412C20E177820" pageNumber="99">Comments</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="40FDABFBD73CE6F8E0DDC444DA25A876" pageNumber="99">The combination of punctate face, appressed tibial pilosity, and normal propodeal spines (as opposed to spines that are reduced to denticles or tubercles) uniquely identify this species in Costa Rica.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8A952023F89673327559EB006268FCE" pageNumber="99">
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||
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|
The type of
|
||
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|
<taxonomicName id="66854A146CFCF739CE32232E1F47EA5F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">obscurata</taxonomicName>
|
||
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|
was compared directly with specimens from Costa Rica during a visit to MCSN, and the above description was later based on material from Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Mexico.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
<paragraph id="F0CC89C3A8225E848B8CBEB4B90EA14B" pageNumber="99">
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9FB0648C3BD736538ADF74E2FD9F87C1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:183061" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster obscurata Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurata">Crematogaster obscurata</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
is part of a complex of species that occurs throughout the Neotropics. It is essentially a darker version of
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CDEB1A8FFDEDAE4302A833CC1215DC4B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28436" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster steinheili Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="steinheili">C. steinheili Forel</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
, a yellow species that occurs on many Caribbean islands. In South America, versions of this complex include
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3AA1BAB39A69E79AA1CCF5BF7BE40358" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28464" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster victima Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="victima">victima F. Smith</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
1858 and
|
||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9961D426E5CFC4A71DF15F2F45F2FF3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:149129" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Crematogaster victima cisplatinalis Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="victima" subSpecies="cisplatinalis">victima cisplatinalis Mayr</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
1877. These South American forms differ only in small details of color, sculpture, and pilosity. One character the South American forms exhibit is that the pronotal dorsum is densely punctate beneath the clathrate sculpture, rather than shiny or weakly microareolate. The entire lineage favors xeric regions.
|
||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
||
|
|
</treatment>
|
||
|
|
</document>
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