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<document id="8961DDD33468A7A91C868EC4E083143E" ID-CLB-Dataset="4962" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39b6c74a-8bd5-49f0-8e23-b9ab57c7d162" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929927" ID-ZooBank="4BD3C47D-D732-42A2-AEDA-0AD11550AE06" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623440870542" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cook, Jerry L." docDate="2021" docId="03C2B3525514FFB1B0C0FF7F5349F80F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4985.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4985 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paraplea bifurcata Cook 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="FFFBCB2A5516FFB5B057FFA05061FFD2" masterDocTitle="Review of the Paraplea Esaki &amp; China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha Pleidae) of Australia, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="83" updateTime="1699012929999" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="8CF1CE481B7B43490517FDF8842FBE00" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="43A5759BD44D87DF629BDAF96856C8B5">
<mods:title id="9F9DD8DB13EDD0B3C32EFE5D90398021">Review of the Paraplea Esaki &amp; China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha Pleidae) of Australia, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="2D3C961E9A68CD4389C6E6663DD3122C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C7BF1F1F403A19DB59CEFA3A05817485">
<mods:roleTerm id="BBA4DD49E34056661240E1F5F9B05718">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D91C3497877E81D5753A7F30EE82BCE2">Cook, Jerry L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="3823C9207158189B8C2723F01AB0D0B1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="56F461495812F521F3E7C00B0815CFEB" type="host">
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<mods:title id="F370BF983AE797E90C7B7E0D79EC02EC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FC50DBC889822F19F23FE7D2F1C293E3">
<mods:date id="0747C03E3C37C1023B4A169BE5A9E85F">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="7FCCEA943DD9855CAD7C40C25F8A9B78" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7691E5702692FAB5BC3C964D9979CC91">2021-06-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5FE7A87D114A1871AD557C93CA64EF2E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B7D4C61ACD330249962FF265F353D944">4985</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F242AA52E2B2FF507CCDC9A641BFA957">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A29BB5D887DA65AD2EB0350C052242A5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="27399E0D51ED8BCF5A7E133034FED916" type="CLB-Dataset">4962</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="134AD6A3963C64208FF8D95A534B3C47" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4985.1.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FEAF2C0212E9B742EFB533BAC65E05C2" type="GBIF-Dataset">39b6c74a-8bd5-49f0-8e23-b9ab57c7d162</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2193E6BFE49687369AC1DE92C90DA17E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C2B3525514FFB1B0C0FF7F5349F80F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5197983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184187784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5197983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2B3525514FFB1B0C0FF7F5349F80F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C2B3525514FFB1B0C0FF7F5349F80F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5514FFB7B0C0FF7F51A5FF2B" box="[151,452,223,250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B0C0FF7F51A5FF2B" blockId="2.[151,452,223,285]" box="[151,452,223,250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D09CB5285514FFB7B0C0FF7F51A5FF2B" bold="true" box="[151,452,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B0C0FF7F51A5FF2B" bold="true" box="[151,452,223,250]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75514FFB7B0C0FF7F511AFF28" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,379,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B0C0FF7F511AFF28" bold="true" box="[151,379,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5514FFB7B1D5FF7F51A5FF2B" box="[386,452,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5514FFB7B0C0FEA3516EFECF" box="[151,271,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B0C0FEA3516EFECF" blockId="2.[151,452,223,285]" box="[151,271,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<heading id="D09CB5285514FFB7B0C0FEA3516EFECF" bold="true" box="[151,271,259,285]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B0C0FEA3516EFECF" bold="true" box="[151,271,259,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
(
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B0C8FEA35167FECF" box="[159,262,259,285]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6" captionStart-3="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1964,1988]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,264,1202,1226]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,264,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetBox-1="[364,1223,237,1939]" captionTargetBox-2="[168,1419,181,1172]" captionTargetBox-3="[155,1431,1289,1897]" captionTargetId-0="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetId-1="figure-41@3.[364,1223,237,1940]" captionTargetId-2="figure-15@5.[168,1419,181,1178]" captionTargetId-3="figure-54@5.[151,1436,1287,1902]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Legs of Paraplea bifurcata n. sp., prothoracic leg at top, mesothoracic leg in center, and metathoracic leg at bottom. Scale bar = 0.1mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (5) ventral view of abdomen with bifurcated keel on first four abdominal segments, (6) profile of keel with prothoracic segment at top and fourth abdominal segment at bottom." captionText-3="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. genital plates, (7) male genital plate and (8) female genital plate. Scale bars = 0.1mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929931" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929933" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929935" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4929931/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4929933/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4929935/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Figs. 1-8</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5514FFB7B0C0FEEC525CFE03" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B0C0FEEC53CCFE5B" blockId="2.[151,1436,331,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
Type Material:
<materialsCitation id="3B0308195514FFB7B116FEEB53CCFE5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3334355306" collectingDate="2002-09-12" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="G. Challet &amp; Australian National Insect Collection" country="Australia" location="Gunn Point Road" municipality="Howard River" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54D0BCE65514FFB7B116FEEB51B4FEB7" box="[321,469,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
Female.
<collectingCountry id="F37C42D45514FFB7B214FEEB52CCFEB7" box="[579,685,331,357]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AFCCA65514FFB7B2E1FEEB53E5FEB7" box="[694,900,331,357]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB0983E5514FFB7B3D9FEEB544DFEB7" box="[910,1068,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Howard River</collectingMunicipality>
at
<location id="8EB4549F5514FFB7B41BFEEB556EFEB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2B3525514FFB1B0C0FF7F5349F80F:8EB4549F5514FFB7B41BFEEB556EFEB7" box="[1100,1295,331,357]" country="Australia" municipality="Howard River" name="Gunn Point Road" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Gunn Point Road</location>
,
<date id="FFD524845514FFB7B54FFEEB55F9FEB7" box="[1304,1432,331,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" value="2002-09-12">
<collectingDate id="EF91DD6C5514FFB7B54FFEEB55F9FEB7" box="[1304,1432,331,358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" value="2002-09-12">12 IX 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="269E67925514FFB7B0C0FECF516CFE5B" box="[151,269,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">G. Challet</collectorName>
, deposited in
<collectorName id="269E67925514FFB7B1F1FECF5329FE5B" box="[422,840,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Australian National Insect Collection</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7A9A815514FFB7B301FECF53C0FE5B" box="[854,929,367,393]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">ANIC</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B090FE33525CFE03" blockId="2.[151,1436,331,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<materialsCitation id="3B0308195514FFB7B090FE33528DFE7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3334355318" box="[199,748,403,430]" collectingDate="2002-09-12" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="G. Challet &amp; Australian National Insect Collection" country="Australia" location="Gunn Point Road" municipality="Howard River" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54D0BCE65514FFB7B090FE335103FE7F" box="[199,354,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
Same collection data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0308195514FFB7B2A0FE33547EFE7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3334355307" box="[759,1055,403,429]" collectionCode="ANIC" country="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5514FFB7B2A0FE335322FE7F" box="[759,835,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED7A9A815514FFB7B38FFE33547EFE7F" box="[984,1055,403,429]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">ANIC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0308195514FFB7B47CFE335096FE03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3334355310" collectionCode="UMC" country="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5514FFB7B47CFE335417FE7F" box="[1067,1142,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5514FFB7B4F9FE345548FE7F" box="[1198,1321,403,430]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED7A9A815514FFB7B0E3FE175096FE03" box="[180,247,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">UMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B0308195514FFB7B155FE17525CFE03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336180302" box="[258,573,439,465]" collectionCode="SHSU" country="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5514FFB7B155FE175139FE03" box="[258,344,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED7A9A815514FFB7B1B9FE175258FE03" box="[494,569,439,465]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7ayn-0e5s" name="Sam Houston State University, Vertebrate Natural History Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">SHSU</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1452CC5514FFB7B0C0F9DA546FF940" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929929" box="[151,1038,1658,1683]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" startId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" targetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B0C0F9DA546FF940" blockId="2.[151,1038,1658,1683]" box="[151,1038,1658,1683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B0C0F9DA515BF940" bold="true" box="[151,314,1658,1682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75514FFB7B116F9DA5260F940" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[321,513,1658,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B116F9DA5260F940" box="[321,513,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5514FFB7B25FF9DB525FF940" box="[520,574,1659,1682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5514FFB1B090F96154F4FC53" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B090F9615347F92D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1729,2043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
Description: Measurements of
<typeStatus id="54D0BCE65514FFB7B277F9615231F909" box="[544,592,1729,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">type</typeStatus>
series (mm): total length 1.62–1.81, body depth (greatest height of hemelytra) 0.52–0.70, greatest body width 0.85–0.92; BSI 50–57.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB7B0A0F8A950B0F85D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1729,2043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B0A0F8A95159F8F1" box="[247,312,1801,1827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Color</emphasis>
: Body generally tan with brown markings and occasional favose (honeycomb) pattern that is almost white (Fig. 1,2). Brown markings usually restricted to surrounding some punctures on the elytra (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B4B8F88D5533F895" box="[1263,1362,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1, 2</figureCitation>
), faint brown makings between eyes (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B1BAF8F1524FF8B9" box="[493,558,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) and on pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B35FF8F15328F8B9" box="[776,841,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), legs tan, mouthparts brown, eyes silver to red (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B533F8F150A5F85D" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445514FFB6B090F839529DFF07" blockId="2.[151,1437,1729,2043]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565514FFB7B090F8395165F861" box="[199,260,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Head</emphasis>
: Triangular in frontal view (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B210F83952EAF861" box="[583,651,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), vertex convex in frontal view, tan with slightly darker markings associated with faint punctures, darker steak usually present between eyes (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15514FFB7B384F81D5479F805" box="[979,1048,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), setae present but difficult to see, width 0.79–0.85; distance between eyes 0.36–0.44, OI 47–52 (distance between eyes subequal to combined width of eyes); antenna three-segmented, concealed below eye by cuticular ridge; mouthparts short (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15515FFB6B4FFFF37548BFF63" box="[1192,1258,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), extending just past base of prothoracic coxa, darker than rest of head.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1452CC5515FFB6B0C0F80C513FF83A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929931" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929931/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" startId="3.[151,250,1964,1988]" targetBox="[364,1223,237,1939]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BD402445515FFB6B0C0F80C513FF83A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1964,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565515FFB6B0C0F80C5173F816" bold="true" box="[151,274,1964,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Legs of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75515FFB6B13FF80C5249F816" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[360,552,1964,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565515FFB6B13FF80C5249F816" box="[360,552,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="84">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5515FFB6B27AF80D5205F816" box="[557,612,1965,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, prothoracic leg at top, mesothoracic leg in center, and metathoracic leg at bottom. Scale bar = 0.1mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FF3754F5FECF" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FF375179FF63" box="[199,280,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Thorax</emphasis>
: Pronotum usually with slight lateral bulge posteriorly, distinctly wider than long (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B4E0FF375499FF63" box="[1207,1272,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), length 0.48– 0.62, width 0.85–0.94, PI 53–73, posterior center slightly indented medially (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B444FF1B5436FF07" box="[1043,1111,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), honeycomb pattern barely visible (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B0A5FF7F5155FF2B" box="[242,308,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); pits small, diameter about 0.02, closely packed (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B33AFF7F53CEFF2B" box="[877,943,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Scutellum slightly wider than long, width 0.38–0.43, length 0.35–0.41, SI 105–123, color uniform, pits obscured, honeycomb absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FE875184FE7F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FE87516AFE92" box="[199,267,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Wings</emphasis>
: Hemelytral pits similar in size to thoracic pits but 0.04–0.05 apart, most dark brown except for pits on anterior clavus and portion of clavus near scutellum (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B341FEEB5339FEB7" box="[790,856,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), each pit surrounded by honeycomb; claval suture complete (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B158FECF5112FE5B" box="[271,371,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–3" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1658,1682]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,487,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-75@2.[151,1435,487,1632]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–3. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (1) Dorsal, (2) lateral, and (3) anterior views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929929/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 1, 2</figureCitation>
); long hairs common, each associated with hemelytral pit; membranous flight wings present, completely covered by elytra.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FE1751ABFDCB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FE17509DFE02" box="[199,252,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Legs</emphasis>
: Prothoracic and mesothoracic femur with small spines along ventral side; setae present on most leg segments, most common on coxa, trochanter, tibia and tarsus; metathoracic tibia and tarsus longer than on other legs; leg dimensions as in
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B1D5FE5F51A7FDCB" box="[386,454,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[364,1223,237,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-41@3.[364,1223,237,1940]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Legs of Paraplea bifurcata n. sp., prothoracic leg at top, mesothoracic leg in center, and metathoracic leg at bottom. Scale bar = 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929931" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929931/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FD835530FDB3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FD83512CFDEF" box="[199,333,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Ventral keel</emphasis>
: first four abdominal segments with bifurcated keel in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B402FD8354FBFDEF" box="[1109,1178,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1202,1226]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,181,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[168,1419,181,1178]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (5) ventral view of abdomen with bifurcated keel on first four abdominal segments, (6) profile of keel with prothoracic segment at top and fourth abdominal segment at bottom." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929933/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
); thoracic segments irregularly shaped as in
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B1C4FDE751B7FDB3" box="[403,470,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1202,1226]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,181,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[168,1419,181,1178]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5 &amp; 6. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. (5) ventral view of abdomen with bifurcated keel on first four abdominal segments, (6) profile of keel with prothoracic segment at top and fourth abdominal segment at bottom." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929933/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
, only mesothoracic keel with teeth, prothoracic and metathoracic keel rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FDCB5502FD7B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FDCB51E5FD57" box="[199,388,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Male characters</emphasis>
: Male genital plate generally triangular, longer than wide, width 0.27, length 0.36, setae throughout except for small area near apex, rugose sculpture throughout but most apparent near apex (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B547FD2F5534FD7B" box="[1296,1365,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,1289,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1436,1287,1902]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. genital plates, (7) male genital plate and (8) female genital plate. Scale bars = 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929935/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FD1354F4FC53" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FD1351FAFD1F" box="[199,411,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Female characters</emphasis>
: Genital plate with lateral sides curved. (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B338FD1353D2FD1F" box="[879,947,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,1289,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1436,1287,1902]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. genital plates, (7) male genital plate and (8) female genital plate. Scale bars = 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929935/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), about as wide as long, width 0.12, length 0.13, tufts of long coarse setae at sides approximately half the distance to apex, sparse setae on other parts of plate, rugulose sculpture throughout (
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B1ABFD5B5220FCC7" box="[508,577,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,1289,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-54@5.[151,1436,1287,1902]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 &amp; 8. Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. genital plates, (7) male genital plate and (8) female genital plate. Scale bars = 0.1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929935/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
); ovipositor most commonly as in
<figureCitation id="13501EC15512FFB1B383FD5B547BFCC7" box="[980,1050,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,1173,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-480@6.[151,1436,1173,1912]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 9. First gonapophysis of the ovipositor of Paraplea bifurcata n. sp. Teeth with numbers (1–8) are apical teeth; ventral teeth are designated with a V and their positional number; those with P, S, and T represent primary, secondary and tertiary teeth respectively. All other teeth are considered accessory teeth. Scale bar = 0.1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4929937/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
. First gonapophyses of ovipositor small, with numerous teeth, width 0.07, length 0.21, with eight distinct teeth along posterior border (apical row), three ventral teeth, two primary teeth, two secondary teeth, three tertiary teeth, accessory tooth between primary and secondary row above ventral tooth 1, at least two additional accessory teeth posterior of T
<subScript id="17EF00015512FFB1B4D1FCD954EFFC55" attach="right" box="[1158,1166,889,903]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">3</subScript>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5512FFB1B090FC2B5151F8D7" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FC2B5403FAAB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090FC2B5186FC77" box="[199,487,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Discussion and diagnosis</emphasis>
: The single character that separates
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B3D4FC2B5438FC77" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[899,1113,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B3D4FC2B5438FC77" box="[899,1113,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B437FC2B54C1FC77" bold="true" box="[1120,1184,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B437FC2B54C1FC77" box="[1120,1184,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from all other species of pleids is its bifurcated abdominal keel. This is an easily observed apomorphy for this species. In many other characters,
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B140FC7351F8FC3F" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[279,409,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B140FC7351F8FC3F" box="[279,409,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B1C8FC7351BFFC3F" bold="true" box="[415,478,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B1C8FC7351BFFC3F" box="[415,478,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B2A6FC735339FC3F" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[753,856,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B2A6FC735339FC3F" box="[753,856,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B331FC73545AFC3F" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[870,1083,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B331FC73545AFC3F" box="[870,1083,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B415FC7354E0FC3F" bold="true" box="[1090,1153,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B415FC7354E0FC3F" box="[1090,1153,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a body shape similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B0E3FC57517AFBC3" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[180,283,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B0E3FC57517AFBC3" box="[180,283,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although there are distinct differences in sculpturing.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B3D4FC575439FBC3" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[899,1112,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B3D4FC575439FBC3" box="[899,1112,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B408FC5754FDFBC3" box="[1119,1180,1015,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has a pronotum that is evenly sculptured with punctures throughout and exhibits little or no honeycombing.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B406FBBB556AFBE7" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1105,1291,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B406FBBB556AFBE7" box="[1105,1291,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pronotum that lacks punctures in the center but has punctures laterally. The pronotal punctures are much smaller and more tightly packed in
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B10BFBC351BFFBAF" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[348,478,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B10BFBC351BFFBAF" box="[348,478,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B1B2FBC35245FBAF" bold="true" box="[485,548,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B1B2FBC35245FBAF" box="[485,548,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
compared to those in
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B349FBC353E4FBAF" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[798,901,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B349FBC353E4FBAF" box="[798,901,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The scutellum has similar differences between these species.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B162FB275268FB73" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[309,521,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B162FB275268FB73" box="[309,521,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B258FB27522DFB73" bold="true" box="[527,588,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B258FB27522DFB73" box="[527,588,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a somewhat rugose scutellum, with punctures not discernable.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B563FB275083FB17" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B563FB275083FB17" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a smooth scutellum with a small number of unevenly spaced punctures. Both species have the punctures on the hemelytra similarly darkened but these punctures are associated with relatively longer hairs in
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B54DFB6F55FCFB3B" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[1306,1437,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B54DFB6F55FCFB3B" box="[1306,1437,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B0C0FB5350B7FADF" bold="true" box="[151,214,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B0C0FB5350B7FADF" box="[151,214,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The size of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B108FB535181FADF" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[351,480,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B108FB535181FADF" box="[351,480,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B1B0FB535247FADF" box="[487,550,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B1B0FB53527FFADF" bold="true" box="[487,542,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">n. sp</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B20BFB5352A3FADF" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[604,706,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B20BFB5352A3FADF" box="[604,706,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not appear to overlap, with
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B462FB5354FDFADF" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1077,1180,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B462FB5354FDFADF" box="[1077,1180,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being larger.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B563FB535083FAE3" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B563FB535083FAE3" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported to have a total length between
<quantity id="4C93AFA15512FFB1B2EBFAB7533AFAE3" box="[700,859,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.9">1.9 to 2.1 mm</quantity>
, varying little throughout its geographical range (in the specimens examined for this study, as reported in the materials and methods, all were about
<quantity id="4C93AFA15512FFB1B4B5FA9B5541FA87" box="[1250,1312,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B563FA9B509CFAAB" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B563FA9B509CFAAB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B153FAFF5121FAAB" box="[260,320,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is described as not being more than
<quantity id="4C93AFA15512FFB1B28EFAFF535EFAAB" box="[729,831,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="1.81">1.81 mm</quantity>
, averaging about
<quantity id="4C93AFA15512FFB1B452FAFF543FFAAB" box="[1029,1118,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090FA235151F8D7" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
The genital plates of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B1EDFA23525CFA4F" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[442,573,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B1EDFA23525CFA4F" box="[442,573,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B212FA2352E7FA4F" bold="true" box="[581,646,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B212FA2352E7FA4F" box="[581,646,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are interesting in their differences between the male and female, and they are diagnostic for this species. The male genital plate is not unusual for a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B43BFA0754B5FA13" authorityName="Esaki &amp; Chna" authorityYear="1928" box="[1132,1236,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B43BFA0754B5FA13" box="[1132,1236,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Paraplea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its relative size and dimensions, although it has more setae than are found on most species. The female genital plate of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B54CFA6B55FCFA37" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[1307,1437,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B54CFA6B55FCFA37" box="[1307,1437,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B0C0FA4F50B7F9DB" bold="true" box="[151,214,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B0C0FA4F50B7F9DB" box="[151,214,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is much smaller than the male genital plate, although the total body length of this species is similar (females appear to be slightly larger than the male although it is difficult know if this generalization holds true since only
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5512FFB1B525F9B3508FF983" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D6DC9CD5512FFB1B173F99751EDF983" box="[292,396,1591,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="male">six males</specimenCount>
were used for this study). This large difference in size of genital plates within a species is unusual. Setae on the female genital plate are longer than in the male, especially the lateral tufts. While lateral tufts are usual for female genital plates, the setae of
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B229F9DF5362F94B" box="[638,771,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
B.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B2CAF9DF5362F94B" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[669,771,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">bifurcata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B35DF9DF5328F94B" bold="true" box="[778,841,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B35DF9DF5328F94B" box="[778,841,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are unusually long and thick. The first gonapophysis of the ovipositor shares similarities with
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B209F90352A5F96F" baseAuthorityName="Kirkaldy" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[606,708,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunni">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B209F90352A5F96F" box="[606,708,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. brunni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B2A2F9035317F96F" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[757,886,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B2A2F9035317F96F" box="[757,886,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B32BF90353DAF96F" bold="true" box="[892,955,1699,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B32BF90353DAF96F" box="[892,955,1699,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has more teeth, even though the ovipositor of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B0E1F9675156F933" authority="Cook, 2021" authorityName="Cook" authorityYear="2021" box="[182,311,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" genus="Paraplea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B0E1F9675156F933" box="[182,311,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">P. bifurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C632D5512FFB1B169F967511BF933" box="[318,378,1735,1761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is smaller. There are also differences in size and the placement of some teeth when comparing these species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5512FFB1B090F8AF52A1F8FB" box="[199,704,1807,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090F8AF52A1F8FB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,704,1807,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090F8AF5131F8FB" box="[199,336,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Distribution</emphasis>
: Known only from
<typeStatus id="54D0BCE65512FFB1B278F8AF523EF8FB" box="[559,607,1807,1833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5512FFB1B090F893532EF89F" box="[199,847,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090F893532EF89F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,847,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090F8935142F89F" box="[199,291,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Ecology</emphasis>
: Nothing is known of the ecology of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5512FFB1B090F8F75151F847" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090F8F75151F847" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090F8F7515EF8A3" box="[199,319,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Etymology</emphasis>
: The specific epithet comes from an apomorphy of having a bifurcated keel in the first four abdominal segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37151CF5512FFB1B090F83F5349F80F" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD402445512FFB1B090F83F5349F80F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B91FDE565512FFB1B090F83F5158F86A" box="[199,313,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="85">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: The bifurcated keel on the first four abdominal segments is an easily seen characteristic that will distinguish this species from all other members of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B79C75512FFB1B29AF8635342F80F" box="[717,803,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Pleidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pleidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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