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<document id="29BFA410C4864061FF368B87367774C3" ID-CLB-Dataset="22308" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4772.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80727749-a5c8-4623-8464-04a41110faf1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3816518" ID-ZooBank="A8BA1B31-0239-4C3D-B886-15C39BC3EBC9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588915473381" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Short, Megan, Vahtera, Varpu, Wesener, Thomas &amp; Golovatch, Sergei I." docDate="2020" docId="C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4772.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4772 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyxenus lankaranensis Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch 2020, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="325" masterDocId="3A13FFECE71FFFDAFFE01D36FF899D58" masterDocTitle="The millipede family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda, Polyxenida) in the faunas of the Crimean Peninsula and Caucasus, with notes on other European Polyxenidae" masterLastPageNumber="332" masterPageNumber="306" pageNumber="322" updateTime="1698757417220" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="4B7336835E09FDEF31DD31583FA066C4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6588E706CDEAF33CBE36920B0FD8C2C3">
<mods:title id="E6176B6FBD689DB21A77C69D2D33828F">The millipede family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda, Polyxenida) in the faunas of the Crimean Peninsula and Caucasus, with notes on other European Polyxenidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="C14CFC867D6F6E8D5EEE2C961D5793C7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C321BAC57AA934570314AF159699DDE6">
<mods:roleTerm id="E0C3B46041985FF8C3F52EBBC4908E63">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="27D884F5945C52E0EE7C51620857436F">Short, Megan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="12EE4C4AD9F090E2B092BA1ED107B806">Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Melbourne, Australia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DBAE519F822AA2A8B946863570246A64" type="email">megan.short@deakin.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1CC3096B74CB6FD77D811004BD201420" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B66A5B8C4557DA57EC0064FAF22AB15D">
<mods:roleTerm id="7228F853B0A36E4B388290286BDB42EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="532942E1DC340CB3AB71D70BDC886D49">Vahtera, Varpu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DA34D7BAEAE990C010804A8D134994CD">Biodiversity Unit, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Finland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C536FE9FBD8D925773E79A65ADF81D81" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FBD966F62146924E5B50ED53ECB60360">
<mods:roleTerm id="6BAF666241020F518C9C9CDF64B9160A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8FCE9146EA523C91C20017957F82C125">Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4103ED66195B559C6035D8EC8AA070F1">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113, Bonn, Germany. twesener @ uni-bonn. de https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2028 - 3541</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="34DC2ED34AC3D4FB60B85A4B9BB550D2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="434567D245CE2587274B1CDBB36357D0">
<mods:roleTerm id="2374547D6C08C086E73770265942554C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D250F33E1F340CFC920E659B621BF677">Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3DA26B69795DBED006DA7581B0FD8B3D">Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia sgolovatch @ yandex. ru https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7159 - 5484</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="20BA5B8D663BE6A75DFDB6058AF0A7B6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="384C895328555D96BB3D2945844B9D53" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="14AC94F77785BA0B04AC93AA26062D50">
<mods:title id="DACBC2A7B1D385973A717FDD2880C426">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3579246B0ABFFD70F0A592278893040B">
<mods:date id="91D76F58407A41D799C11125CAF462B7">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="83158F2621A77ABDE55895F6792F24EE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D2C39B801991224B74112A6942CA10A1">2020-05-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="54632A950C0C58328723B7CB3455C497" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0C101CC50558DAE21ECA8D582570C2E4">4772</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="994BE579A5C006083069F16FD61BE1BE" type="issue">
<mods:number id="2057057ABBD6FFFA3A60250A32CB0456">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A8816E915B180132AB6A3A026E1E6EB9">306</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="7A56D1432BE1C3A5494DEE3278A0D57A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1FC2A9DE3877948508A75C09C7B5F14A" type="CLB-Dataset">22308</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3060698439D67C87CF7D0A0C02CCD307" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4772.2.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EB1E6BA65F129012531E77BA902E20FD" type="GBIF-Dataset">80727749-a5c8-4623-8464-04a41110faf1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B0245A3F8417AD24DE4F638C695EA9DA" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6D02693ABAE373BCEF5D26DF1BE21CA3" type="Zenodo-Dep">3816518</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EBA98C47CB4D614818616852D307AA16" type="ZooBank">A8BA1B31-0239-4C3D-B886-15C39BC3EBC9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3818656" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163993300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3818656" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFCAFF771E5FFDD79EDB" box="[151,606,873,900]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF771E5FFDD79EDB" blockId="16.[151,606,873,935]" box="[151,606,873,900]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<heading id="157481EEE70FFFCAFF771E5FFDD79EDB" bold="true" box="[151,606,873,900]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF771E5FFDD79EDB" bold="true" box="[151,606,873,900]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFF771E5FFE4E9EDC" ID-CoL="4427e575-da58-41c7-8c3f-a6115f988458" authority="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch, 2020" authorityName="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,455,873,900]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lankaranensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF771E5FFE4E9EDC" bold="true" box="[151,455,873,900]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Polyxenus lankaranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67C457EBE70FFFCAFE2F1E5FFDD79EDB" box="[463,606,873,899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFCAFF771EBBFE039EFF" box="[151,394,909,935]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF771EBBFE039EFF" blockId="16.[151,606,873,935]" box="[151,394,909,935]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFF771EBBFF579EFF" box="[151,222,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFF0A1EBBFF739EFF" box="[234,250,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1889,1914]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of Polyxenus lakaranensis sp. n., adult female: A. Dorsal view; B. Labrum; C. Setae on coxa of leg 2; D. Ventral view showing pair of vulvae (see arrow) associated with 2nd pair of legs; E. Distal section of right antenna showing articles 6, 7 and 8; F. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s) and lamella (l). Scale bars: A, B, D = 200 μm, E = 20 μm, C, F = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816532/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">7</figureCitation>
; Map
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFEA21EBBFE0D9EFF" box="[322,388,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1047,1072]" captionTargetBox="[155,1433,381,1022]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1433,381,1022]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map to show localities of all specimens identified in this study. Map created using SimpleMappr, http://www.simplemappr.net, (Shorthouse 2010). Legend: Stars = Propolyxenus argentifer (Verhoeff, 1921) comb. n.; purple star = Verhoeff types; red star = identified in this study; orange = formerly identified as P. trivittatus (Verhoeff, 1921); green inverted triangle = Polyxenus lagurus (Linnaeus, 1758); green circle = Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n.; white circle = Polyxenus sp.; yellow star = Propolyxenus aegeus Silvestri, 1948." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816520" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816520/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFCAFF771EE2FB94999F" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF771EE2FB94999F" blockId="16.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF771EE2FEF09EB7" bold="true" box="[151,377,980,1007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFE681EE3FE41996F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434306" collectingDate="2015-03-25" collectionCode="SMNG" collectorName="H. Reip &amp; Reip, D &amp; Antic, F" country="Azerbaijan" latitude="38.789444" location="Lankaran" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="48.852222" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="VNR 018346-1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFE681EE3FE799EB7" box="[392,496,981,1007]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
adult female (
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFD711EE3FCCD9EA8" box="[657,836,981,1008]" collectionCode="VNR" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VNR 018346-1</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="36947612E70FFFCAFCB61EE3FC5D9EB7" box="[854,980,981,1007]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="8C47F860E70FFFCAFC3E1EE3FBC19EB7" box="[990,1096,981,1007]" country="Azerbaijan" name="Lankaran" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Lankaran</collectingRegion>
seher,
<collectingRegion id="8C47F860E70FFFCAFB771EE3FA8D9EB7" box="[1175,1284,981,1007]" country="Azerbaijan" name="Lankaran" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Lankaran</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2BB75045E70FFFCAFAEF1EE3FA1E9EB7" box="[1295,1431,981,1007]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" precision="15" seconds="22" value="38.789444">N38º47’22”</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2BB75045E70FFFCAFF771ECEFE97994B" box="[151,286,1016,1043]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" precision="15" seconds="08" value="48.852222">E48º51’08”</geoCoordinate>
, street trees under the bark,
<date id="3A3D1042E70FFFCAFD841ECEFC88994B" box="[612,769,1016,1043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" value="2015-03-25">
<collectingDate id="2A79E9AAE70FFFCAFD841ECEFC88994B" box="[612,769,1016,1043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" value="2015-03-25">25 Mar. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="E3765354E70FFFCAFCA01ECFFC14994B" box="[832,925,1017,1043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">H. Reip</collectorName>
, D.
<collectorName id="E3765354E70FFFCAFC2C1ECFFBA5994B" box="[972,1068,1017,1043]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Antić, F</collectorName>
. Walther. Specimen mounted on slide, deposited in
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFE93192BFE41996F" box="[371,456,1053,1079]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b2rf-iikk" name="Senckenberg Museum fuer Naturkunde Goerlitz" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">SMNG</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFE35192BFC42996F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434305" box="[469,971,1053,1079]" collectionCode="VNR" country="Azerbaijan" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="VNR 018347-1" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFE35192BFDCF996F" box="[469,582,1053,1079]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFDB4192BFD2C996F" box="[596,677,1053,1079]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female (
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFCED192BFC4A996F" box="[781,963,1053,1079]" collectionCode="VNR" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VNR 018347-1</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFC3A192BFEE59903" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434315" collectionCode="VNR" country="Azerbaijan" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="VNR 018347-2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-subadult="1" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFC3A192BFBDB996F" box="[986,1106,1053,1079]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="subadult">1 subadult</specimenCount>
male (
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFB44192BFAD1996F" box="[1188,1368,1053,1079]" collectionCode="VNR" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VNR 018347-2</specimenCode>
) both mounted on slides
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFE9B1977FD0F9903" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434309" box="[379,646,1089,1115]" collectionCode="VII" country="Azerbaijan" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-subadult="4" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFE9B1977FE7B9903" box="[379,498,1089,1115]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="subadult">4 subadult</specimenCount>
stadium
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFDBF1977FD0F9903" box="[607,646,1089,1115]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VII</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
and 2 stadium
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFCDD1977FCD29903" box="[829,859,1089,1115]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VI</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFC851977FE639927" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434308" collectingDate="2015-03-25" collectionCode="SMNG" collectorName="H. Reip &amp; Reip, D &amp; Antic, F" country="Azerbaijan" latitude="38.789444" location="Lankaran" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="48.852222" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="VNR 018347-3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="paratype">
in ethanol (
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFC091977FB299903" box="[1001,1184,1089,1115]" collectionCode="VNR" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VNR 018347-3</specimenCode>
), all same location as holotype, deposited in
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFE761953FE639927" box="[406,490,1125,1151]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b2rf-iikk" name="Senckenberg Museum fuer Naturkunde Goerlitz" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">SMNG</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFE151953FEB899FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434317" collectingDate="2015-03-25" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="H. Reip &amp; Reip, D &amp; Antic, F" country="Azerbaijan" latitude="38.789444" location="Lankaran" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="48.852222" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCode="MYR 6089, ZFMK-TIS 2553423" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lankaran" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFE151953FDD09927" box="[501,601,1125,1151]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFD841953FD3B9927" box="[612,690,1125,1151]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFD591953FCB19927" box="[697,824,1125,1151]" collectionCode="MYR" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">MYR 6089</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCode id="1E259EF9E70FFFCAFCA61953FBBF9927" box="[838,1078,1124,1151]" collectionCode="ZFMK-TIS" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">ZFMK-TIS 2553423</specimenCode>
), same location as holotype, genetic voucher
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFEDB19BFFB2D99FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434304" box="[315,1188,1161,1187]" collectionCode="VI" country="Russia" location="Other" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-immature="1">
<location id="4B5C6059E70FFFCAFEDB19BFFEF299FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873:4B5C6059E70FFFCAFEDB19BFFEF299FB" box="[315,379,1161,1187]" country="Russia" name="Other" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Other</location>
material:
<collectingCountry id="36947612E70FFFCAFE0C19BFFDB099FB" box="[492,569,1161,1187]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFDA519BFFD1B99FB" box="[581,658,1161,1187]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
male mounted on side,
<specimenCount id="5885FD0BE70FFFCAFC7D19BFFB9499FB" box="[925,1053,1161,1187]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
stadium
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFB6419BFFB2D99FB" box="[1156,1188,1161,1187]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">VI</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FEEB3CDFE70FFFCAFB4F19BFFB90999F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2611434302" collectingDate="1983-05-08" collectionCode="ZMUM" collectorName="D. Krivolutsky" country="Russia" latitude="42.816666" location="Buynaksk" longLatPrecision="1147" longitude="47.116665" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dagestan">
<collectingRegion id="8C47F860E70FFFCAFB4F19BFFA9399FB" box="[1199,1306,1161,1187]" country="Russia" name="Dagestan" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Dagestan</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="4B5C6059E70FFFCAFAC519BFFA1199FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C62A8794E70FFFC9FF771E5FFC2C9873:4B5C6059E70FFFCAFAC519BFFA1199FB" box="[1317,1432,1161,1187]" country="Russia" latitude="42.816666" longLatPrecision="1147" longitude="47.116665" name="Buynaksk" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" stateProvince="Dagestan">Buynaksk</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2BB75045E70FFFCAFF77199BFF71999F" box="[151,248,1197,1223]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" precision="925" value="42.816666">N42º49’</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2BB75045E70FFFCAFEE3199BFEE8999F" box="[259,353,1197,1223]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" precision="925" value="47.116665">E47º07’</geoCoordinate>
, moss under bush,
<date id="3A3D1042E70FFFCAFDD7199BFD48999F" box="[567,705,1197,1223]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" value="1983-05-08">
<collectingDate id="2A79E9AAE70FFFCAFDD7199BFD48999F" box="[567,705,1197,1223]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" value="1983-05-08">8 May 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="E3765354E70FFFCAFD1C199BFC2D999F" box="[764,932,1197,1223]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">D. Krivolutsky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="2892AE47E70FFFCAFC53199BFB98999F" box="[947,1041,1197,1223]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/49rk-3jpq" name="Zoological Museum, University of Amoy" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">ZMUM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFCAFF2719E7FB8199B3" box="[199,1032,1233,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF2719E7FB8199B3" blockId="16.[151,1437,980,2015]" box="[199,1032,1233,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF2719E7FEC199B3" bold="true" box="[199,328,1233,1259]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Etymology</emphasis>
: adjective, named after the town where it was first discovered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFCAFF2719C2FDC89B77" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF2719C2FDC89B77" blockId="16.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF2719C2FEB39857" bold="true" box="[199,314,1268,1295]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: Very similar morphology to
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFD6D19C3FCD79857" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[653,862,1269,1295]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFD6D19C3FCD79857" box="[653,862,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Polyxenus lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing in size and colouration, especially when freshly collected. Body length of adults less than
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFD28182FFC85986B" box="[712,780,1305,1331]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, white in colour except for the trichomes that varied from black (anterior vertex) to pale brown (all remaining trichomes including those of caudal bundle). Medial anterior vertex trichomes shorter and more bulbous with shorter serrations than those of
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFBE91854FBF39823" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1033,1146,1377,1403]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFBE91854FBF39823" box="[1033,1146,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">P. lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFB681857FB5C9824" box="[1160,1237,1377,1404]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
). COI sequencing shows separation into a distinct clade from
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFD6118B0FD7A98C7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[641,755,1413,1439]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFD6118B0FD7A98C7" box="[641,755,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">P. lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Differing from
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFC4E18B0FB7B98C7" box="[942,1266,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFC4E18B0FBBF98C7" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1903" box="[942,1078,1413,1439]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lapidicola">P. lapidicola</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFBA418B3FB7B98C7" authorityName=", Verhoeff" authorityYear="1952" box="[1092,1266,1413,1439]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macedonicus">P. macedonicus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in only having two posterior medial vertex trichomes, 6
<superScript id="B9F69BCAE70FFFCAFDBD189EFDE398EE" attach="left" box="[605,618,1448,1462]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">th</superScript>
antennal article twice the length of 7
<superScript id="B9F69BCAE70FFFCAFBE9189EFB9F98EE" attach="left" box="[1033,1046,1448,1462]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">th</superScript>
article, pleural trichomes with serrations proximally, a differing arrangement and number of trichomes on the collum and lacking globular anterior tergal trichomes. The width to length ratio of the medial trichomes of tergite 4 is
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFBFF18C7FB199B53" box="[1055,1168,1521,1547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.889999999999999" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="7.62" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="in" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFB7718C4FAC69B53" authority="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch, 2020" authorityName="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" box="[1175,1359,1521,1547]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lankaranensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFB7718C4FAC69B53" box="[1175,1359,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">P. lankaranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFAB618C7FA1F9B53" bold="true" box="[1366,1430,1521,1547]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67C457EBE70FFFCAFAB618C7FA1F9B53" box="[1366,1430,1521,1547]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, while it is
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFEED1B22FE0C9B77" box="[269,389,1556,1583]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="in" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0. 6 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFE6B1B20FDC89B77" box="[395,577,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFE6B1B20FDB49B77" authorityName=", Verhoeff" authorityYear="1952" box="[395,573,1557,1583]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macedonicus">P. macedonicus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70FFFC9FF271B0EFAC69E58" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="325" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCAFF271B0EFA1B9BC3" blockId="16.[151,1437,980,2015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF271B0EFED89B0B" bold="true" box="[199,337,1592,1619]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Description</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFE811B0CFD8A9B0B" box="[353,515,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Measurements</emphasis>
: Body length after mounting on slides
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFC5D1B0FFB969B0B" box="[957,1055,1593,1619]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFBC71B0FFBF69B0B" box="[1063,1151,1593,1619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
, width at widest point on body
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFF371B6AFEA69B2F" box="[215,303,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFE3F1B6BFDB09B2F" box="[479,569,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
.
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFDA41B6BFD3C9B2F" box="[580,693,1629,1655]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: adult female
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFCB31B6BFC229B2F" box="[851,939,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFC1E1B6BFBDE9B2F" box="[1022,1111,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFAE71B6BFAE99B2F" box="[1287,1376,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
; subadult male
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFEF41BB6FEE59BC3" box="[276,364,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFE5E1BB6FD9F9BC3" box="[446,534,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
, no caudal bundle present. Specimens had been preserved in 80 -100% ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70FFFCBFF271B93FC359CD3" blockId="16.[151,1437,980,2015]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,153,395]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="323" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFF271B93FE8D9BE7" box="[199,260,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFEF41B93FEE29B98" box="[276,363,1701,1728]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
): Six ommatidia on each side of which one antero-ventral. Vertex with one pair of posterior tufts of 20+21 (
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFEEC1BFFFEF89BBC" box="[268,369,1737,1764]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) 20+20 (female adult
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFD8A1BFFFD459BBB" box="[618,716,1737,1763]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) and 19+17 (subadult male
<typeStatus id="91388820E70FFFCAFBE61BFFFBE19BBB" box="[1030,1128,1737,1763]" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) trichomes arranged in two rows (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFF001BDBFEB39A50" box="[224,314,1773,1800]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
); the distance between each tuft is about a fifth their length. A narrow gap only to anterior vertex trichome patches. Anterior vertex trichomes medially short and slightly bulbous (
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFBCB1A26FB2B9A73" box="[1067,1186,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="37.0" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="35.0">35–39 µm</quantity>
) with small serrations (in contrast to those of
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70FFFCAFE431A00FD9E9A17" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[419,535,1845,1871]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70FFFCAFE431A00FD9E9A17" box="[419,535,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">P. lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which larger,
<quantity id="897B9B67E70FFFCAFD5C1A03FCC89A17" box="[700,833,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="105.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="90.0">90–120 µm</quantity>
, and with more feathered larger serrations) (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFADF1A03FA079A08" box="[1343,1422,1845,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
), gradually becoming more elongate laterally. Three trichobothria arranged in an isosceles triangle with the most internal (immediately adjacent posterior tufts of vertex) much smaller than the other 2 (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70FFFCAFB921A4BFB439AC0" box="[1138,1226,1917,1944]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="322">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Gnathochilarium with lateral palp 2.5 times medial palp, with 12 long sensilla, 17 sensilla on medial palp. Clypeo-labrum with nine setae along posterior margin, seven lamellar plates each side along anterior edge, three rows large papillae anteriorly with remaining labrum covered in papillae gradually reducing in size towards the posterior of the labrum (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFAD81DAFFA199DEB" box="[1336,1424,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1889,1914]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of Polyxenus lakaranensis sp. n., adult female: A. Dorsal view; B. Labrum; C. Setae on coxa of leg 2; D. Ventral view showing pair of vulvae (see arrow) associated with 2nd pair of legs; E. Distal section of right antenna showing articles 6, 7 and 8; F. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s) and lamella (l). Scale bars: A, B, D = 200 μm, E = 20 μm, C, F = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816532/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). Antennae: proportions of antennal articles as in
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFD581D8BFC849D8F" box="[696,781,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
with 7
<superScript id="B9F69BCAE70EFFCBFCBD1D8AFCE39D92" attach="left" box="[861,874,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">th</superScript>
article 2/3–3/4 the length of 6
<superScript id="B9F69BCAE70EFFCBFB241D8AFB589D92" attach="left" box="[1220,1233,188,202]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">th</superScript>
article. Details of sensilla based on
<typeStatus id="91388820E70EFFCBFEBA1DD7FE359DA3" box="[346,444,225,251]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and adult female
<typeStatus id="91388820E70EFFCBFD631DD7FD6E9DA3" box="[643,743,225,251]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
. Antennal article VI with 1 thick basiconic sensillum, 6–7 thin basiconic sensilla with 1–2 thin anterior to the single thick sensillum and 5–6 arranged in a crescent to the posterior, one posterior coeloconic sensillum. (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFDD21C1FFD029C1B" box="[562,651,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFD761C1FFD309C1B" box="[662,697,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1889,1914]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of Polyxenus lakaranensis sp. n., adult female: A. Dorsal view; B. Labrum; C. Setae on coxa of leg 2; D. Ventral view showing pair of vulvae (see arrow) associated with 2nd pair of legs; E. Distal section of right antenna showing articles 6, 7 and 8; F. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s) and lamella (l). Scale bars: A, B, D = 200 μm, E = 20 μm, C, F = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816532/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">7E</figureCitation>
); antennal article VII with two thick basiconic sensilla to posterior of 4-6 thin basiconic sensilla arranged in an arc curving distally, one setifom sensillum between the two posterior basiconic sensilla and one posterior coeloconic sensillum (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFCC81C47FC089CD3" box="[808,897,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70EFFCBFC6C1C47FC269CD3" box="[908,943,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1889,1914]" captionTargetBox="[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[163,1422,181,1863]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of Polyxenus lakaranensis sp. n., adult female: A. Dorsal view; B. Labrum; C. Setae on coxa of leg 2; D. Ventral view showing pair of vulvae (see arrow) associated with 2nd pair of legs; E. Distal section of right antenna showing articles 6, 7 and 8; F. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s) and lamella (l). Scale bars: A, B, D = 200 μm, E = 20 μm, C, F = 5 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816532/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">7E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1AFC660AE70EFFCBFF771A18FE039AA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" startId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" targetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70EFFCBFF771A18FE039AA3" blockId="17.[151,1436,1838,2043]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFF771A18FE9D9A1F" bold="true" box="[151,276,1838,1863]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70EFFCBFEFB1A18FD909A1E" authority="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch, 2020" authorityName="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" box="[283,537,1838,1862]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lankaranensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFEFB1A18FD909A1E" box="[283,537,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Polyxenus lankaranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFDC01A19FDD39A1F" bold="true" box="[544,602,1839,1863]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67C457EBE70EFFCBFDC01A19FDD39A1F" box="[544,602,1839,1863]" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left:
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70EFFCBFD541A41FC2B9AD7" authority=", Right" authorityName="Right" box="[692,930,1910,1935]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lankaranensis">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFD541A41FCD39AD6" box="[692,858,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">P. lankaranensis</emphasis>
, Right
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70EFFCBFC4C1A41FB989AD6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[940,1041,1910,1934]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFC4C1A41FB989AD6" box="[940,1041,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">P. lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle.
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70EFFCBFED21A88FE139A8E" box="[306,410,1982,2006]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="17" pageNumber="323" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70EFFCBFED21A88FE139A8E" box="[306,410,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">Polyxenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6
<superScript id="B9F69BCAE70EFFCBFCEC1A8AFC9E9A92" attach="left" box="[780,791,1980,1994]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="323">th</superScript>
antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1AFC660AE70DFFC8FF771A57FC559ABE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3816532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816532/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" startId="18.[151,250,1889,1914]" targetBox="[163,1422,181,1863]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70DFFC8FF771A57FC559ABE" blockId="18.[151,1437,1889,2022]" pageId="18" pageNumber="324">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70DFFC8FF771A57FE9A9A22" bold="true" box="[151,275,1889,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="324">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70DFFC8FCF61A57FB8C9A21" authority="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch, 2020" authorityName="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" box="[790,1029,1889,1913]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lakaranensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70DFFC8FCF61A57FB8C9A21" box="[790,1029,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="324">Polyxenus lakaranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70DFFC8FBEC1A54FBCF9A22" bold="true" box="[1036,1094,1890,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="324">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67C457EBE70DFFC8FBEC1A54FBCF9A22" box="[1036,1094,1890,1914]" pageId="18" pageNumber="324" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, adult female: A. Dorsal view; B. Labrum; C. Setae on coxa of leg 2; D. Ventral view showing pair of vulvae (see arrow) associated with 2nd pair of legs; E. Distal section of right antenna showing articles 6, 7 and 8; F. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s) and lamella (l). Scale bars: A, B, D = 200 μm, E = 20 μm, C, F = 5 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70CFFC9FF271DAFFD7A9F0B" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FF271DAFFE819DEB" box="[199,264,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Trunk</emphasis>
: Collum with almost symmetrical arrangement of 56 (
<typeStatus id="91388820E70CFFC9FC611DAFFC609DEC" box="[897,1001,153,180]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), 48 (subadult male
<typeStatus id="91388820E70CFFC9FB361DAFFAB19DEB" box="[1238,1336,153,179]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) barbate trichomes with lateral rosettes of barbate trichomes and three trichomes internally either side. Trichomes forming a single continuous row anteriorly and posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70CFFC9FD391DE8FCBB9DA1" box="[729,818,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
). Lateral protuberances of collum with 4–6 barbate trichomes. Remaining tergites with two even posterior rows of trichomes. Tergite 2 with 65 trichomes (adult), 44 (subadult male). Trichomes are barbate with posterior row 1/3 longer, anterior row varying in size with medial trichomes shortest (30–40 μm) (6E–G, 7A). The trichomes of the lateral tufts are longer, barbate with serrations to base. Legs (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70CFFC9FF411C5FFF799CDC" box="[161,240,361,388]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
): naming of leg segments is after
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FD881C5FFC9A9CDB" author="Manton, S. M." box="[616,787,360,387]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="153 - 187" refId="ref18702" refString="Manton, S. M. (1956) The evolution of arthropodan locomotory mechanisms. Part 5. The structure, habits and evolution of the Pselaphognatha (Diplopoda). Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 43, 153 - 187. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1957. tb 02516. x" type="journal article" year="1956">Manton (1956)</bibRefCitation>
. Legs 1 and 2 without trochanter, leg 1 also lacks tarsus 1. Trochanter, post-femur and tarsus 1 lack setae. Coxae I with one seta and coxae II with three setae; all other coxae without seta. Prefemora and femora with one seta; these large biarticulate setae having an elongate funicle furnished with a long acute process at apex (7C), single tiny elongate seta on distal edge of each tibia. Tarsus II spine (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70CFFC9FA901CE7FF389F56" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
) longer than telotarsus (ratio 1.2:1). Telotarsus bearing an anterior process with a spinous projection longer than claw, a single large latero–posterior process associated with the claw and posterior lamellar process longer than the claw (7F). Coxal glands in males on leg pairs 8 and 9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70CFFC9FF271F6AFAC69E58" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FF271F6AFE869F2E" box="[199,271,604,630]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Telson</emphasis>
: Medial cluster of 37 (
<typeStatus id="91388820E70CFFC9FDEC1F6AFDFD9F2F" box="[524,628,604,631]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), 25 (subadult male
<typeStatus id="91388820E70CFFC9FCB41F6AFC3F9F2E" box="[852,950,604,630]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) dorso-medial (ornamental) trichomes with insertion points forming a ventrally pointing triangular shape, with a medial gap (
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70CFFC9FBD81F48FB1A9FC1" box="[1080,1171,638,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,429,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,417,1813]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyxenus lankaranensis sp. n. Holotype, adult female; A. Sensilla of left 7th antennal article; B. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article; C. Head; D. Collum; Tergites showing pattern of trichome insertions: E. Tergite 2; F. Tergite 4; G. Tergite 10. I. Comparison of medial anterior trichomes, Left: P. lankaranensis, Right: P. lagurus, adult female, Croatia. J. 9th leg showing pattern of setae and tarsal spine; K. Same species, paratype adult female, pattern of dorso-medial trichomes anterior to caudal bundle. Polyxenus sp., adult male; H. Sensilla of left 6th antennal article. Scale bars: A, B, H, K = 10 µm, C, D, E, F, G = 100 µm, I, J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816530/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
), dorsal to two bundles of caudal trichomes positioned laterally. Ornamental trichomes darkly pigmented, barbate, varying in length, and straight forming a fan-like shape typical of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FCFF1FF2FC209F86" baseAuthorityName="Conde and Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[799,937,708,734]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polyxeninae">Polyxeninae</taxonomicName>
(the genera
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FBD51FF2FF649E58" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FBD51FF2FB589F86" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1948" box="[1077,1233,708,734]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Propolyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Propolyxenus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FB3C1FF2FADB9F86" box="[1244,1362,708,734]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polyxenus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FABD1FF2FF649E58" authorityName="Conde" authorityYear="1955" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Typhloxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Typhloxenus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
). Longest ornamental trichomes to tip of caudal bundle, hooked trichomes with three or four hooks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06996509E70CFFC9FF271E3FFC2C9873" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E3C3682E70CFFC9FF271E3FFC2C9873" blockId="19.[151,1437,152,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FF271E3FFEBD9E7B" bold="true" box="[199,308,777,803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Remarks</emphasis>
: Initially the collected specimens of
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FD311E3CFC039E7B" authority="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch, 2020" authorityName="Short &amp; Vahtera &amp; Wesener &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" box="[721,906,777,803]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lankaranensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FD311E3CFC039E7B" box="[721,906,777,803]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">P. lankaranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FC711E3FFC599E7B" bold="true" box="[913,976,777,803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67C457EBE70CFFC9FC711E3FFC599E7B" box="[913,976,777,803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were examined and identified as a population of very small
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FE991E1AFE639E1E" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[377,490,812,838]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FE991E1AFE639E1E" box="[377,490,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">P. lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specimens shared most characters except for the tiny size and lower number of trichomes, as well as shorter and more bulbous anterior vertex trichomes. The tiny polyxenids also lacked cuticular pigment and were white in colour except for the trichomes. Genetic analysis confirmed the distinctness of this species. Due to their size, this species is no doubt being under-collected. There are two very similar small
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FAC91EA2FA159EF6" box="[1321,1436,916,942]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FAC91EA2FA159EF6" box="[1321,1436,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Polyxenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species already described:
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FE271E80FCEC9E88" authority="Silvestri, 1903" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1903" box="[455,869,950,976]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lapidicola">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FE271E80FD3C9E88" box="[455,693,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Polyxenus lapidicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FD5D1E80FCEC9E88" author="Silvestri, F." box="[701,869,950,976]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref19745" refString="Silvestri, F. (1903) Note diplopodologiche. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia e di Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 18 (433), 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1903">Silvestri, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FC431E80FAEC9E88" authority="Verhoeff, 1952" authorityName=", Verhoeff" authorityYear="1952" box="[931,1381,949,976]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macedonicus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FC431E80FB399E88" box="[931,1200,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Polyxenus macedonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FB591E80FAEC9E88" author="Verhoeff, K. W." box="[1209,1381,949,976]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="125 - 150" refId="ref20254" refString="Verhoeff, K. W. (1952) Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Isopoden- und Diplopodenfauna von Ischia und Capri. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 3 (1 - 2), 125 - 150." type="journal article" year="1952">Verhoeff, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The former species, collected near Portici,
<collectingCountry id="36947612E70CFFC9FDAA1EEFFDF49EAB" box="[586,637,985,1011]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Italy</collectingCountry>
was no more than
<quantity id="897B9B67E70CFFC9FCB71EEFFC109EAB" box="[855,921,985,1011]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in length, and incompletely described. In describing
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FF1A1ECAFDE5994E" authority=", Verhoeff (1952)" authorityName=", Verhoeff" authorityYear="1952" box="[250,620,1019,1046]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macedonicus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FF1A1ECAFE20994E" box="[250,425,1020,1046]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">P. macedonicus</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FE571ECAFDE5994E" author="Verhoeff, K. W." box="[439,620,1019,1046]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="125 - 150" refId="ref20254" refString="Verhoeff, K. W. (1952) Weitere Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Isopoden- und Diplopodenfauna von Ischia und Capri. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 3 (1 - 2), 125 - 150." type="journal article" year="1952">Verhoeff (1952)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
compared the two species and size was not mentioned, so one must assume this was not a point of difference and later literature, in which specimens initially identified as
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FAEE1929FA149960" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1903" box="[1294,1437,1054,1080]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lapidicola">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FAEE1929FA149960" box="[1294,1437,1054,1080]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">P. lapidicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were reassigned to
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FE911974FD969903" authorityName=", Verhoeff" authorityYear="1952" box="[369,543,1089,1115]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macedonicus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FE911974FD969903" box="[369,543,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">P. macedonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, makes no mention of any size differences (
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FBF31977FB2B9903" author="Conde, B." box="[1043,1186,1088,1115]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="33 - 35" refId="ref17151" refString="Conde, B. (1953) Diplopodes Penicillates de Corse. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 78, 33 - 35." type="journal article" year="1953">Condé 1953</bibRefCitation>
). It is unfortunate that the
<typeStatus id="91388820E70CFFC9FF201952FF729926" box="[192,251,1124,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">types</typeStatus>
appear to be lost (Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin pers. comm.) as it is possible the figures (
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FB511952FADB9926" author="Silvestri, F." box="[1201,1362,1124,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref19745" refString="Silvestri, F. (1903) Note diplopodologiche. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia e di Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 18 (433), 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1903">Silvestri 1903</bibRefCitation>
), from which the diagnostic differences have been determined, are misleading.
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FC5B19B0FBDC99F8" author="Conde, B." box="[955,1109,1157,1184]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="33 - 35" refId="ref17151" refString="Conde, B. (1953) Diplopodes Penicillates de Corse. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 78, 33 - 35." type="journal article" year="1953">Condé (1953)</bibRefCitation>
commented that the shape of the trichomes illustrated in the description of the species (
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FCC4199FFC4F999B" author="Silvestri, F." box="[804,966,1193,1219]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref19745" refString="Silvestri, F. (1903) Note diplopodologiche. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia e di Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 18 (433), 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1903">Silvestri 1903</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6B82A07E70CFFC9FC32199FFB9C999B" box="[978,1045,1193,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1780,1805]" captionTargetBox="[180,1407,181,1754]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[180,1407,181,1754]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of Propolyxenus argentifer (Verhoeff, 1921) comb. n. adult female: A. Dorsal view of head; B. Trichomes on tergite 2. C. labrum; D. Scale-like trichomes on tergites 8, 9 and 10; E. Portion of 8th leg showing setae: biarticular setae on prefemur (a) and femur (b) small setiform seta on tibia (c), spine on tarsus 2 (d); F. Hooked caudal trichome; G. Distal section of right antenna showing sensilla on articles 6, 7 and 8: thick basiconic sensilla (T), thin basiconic sensilla (t), conical sensilla (c), setiform sensilla (s); H. Lateral palp of gnathochilarium; I. Telotarsus showing claw (c) with posterior process (p), anterior spinous process (s). and lamella (l); J. telson showing pattern of insertions of ornamental trichomes. Scale bars: A, D, J = 200 µm; B, C, E = 50 µm; E, F, G, H = 20 µm; I = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3816526/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) is unlikely to be correct and does not agree with the shape of trichomes in figure 2 (
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FD2719FAFCE399BE" author="Silvestri, F." box="[711,874,1228,1254]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref19745" refString="Silvestri, F. (1903) Note diplopodologiche. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia e di Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 18 (433), 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1903">Silvestri 1903</bibRefCitation>
). However, it should be noted that trichome shape is often not a good diagnostic character on its own as even in
<taxonomicName id="89834D01E70CFFC9FCA219D8FB9B9850" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[834,1042,1262,1288]" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagurus">
<emphasis id="7CF7EA90E70CFFC9FCA219D8FB9B9850" box="[834,1042,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="325">Polyxenus lagurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
some trichomes in anterior rows of tergal trichomes can be distinctly globular (
<bibRefCitation id="2A124B73E70CFFC9FD9D1827FCAC9873" author="Humbert, A." box="[637,805,1297,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="325" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref17822" refString="Humbert, A. (1893) Myriapodes des environs de Geneve. Memoires de la Societe de Physiques et d'Histoire naturelle de Geneve, 32 (1), 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1893">Humbert 1893</bibRefCitation>
, plate XII).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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