treatments-xml/data/06/6A/DA/066ADA3B8F47C15AFF2E8890A2197C33.xml

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<mods:title id="9AE92F79CF2C5D27A6DB8FA27CAA01CE">Two species of the genus Acinetospora (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) from Japan: A. filamentosa comb. nov. and A. asiatica sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F47C159FF2E8890A2357FAF" authority="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="4" pageNumber="335" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica" status="sp. nov.">
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Yaegashi, Yamagishi 
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Kogame
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F47C159FF2E892BA3D87E6D" bold="true" box="[136,246,1815,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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Plants are sparsely branched uniseriate filaments up to 
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or more in length, forming entangled tufts on rocks and other seaweeds (e.g. 
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<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F47C159FB8B8E87A78C798E" bold="true" box="[1069,1186,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Sargassum</emphasis>
spp.
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and 
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<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F47C159FAAB8E87A0A179AB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Scytosiphon lomentaria</emphasis>
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). Erect filaments have scattered meristematic zones consisting of short cells. Crampons are formed on erect filaments at right angles. Cells of erect filaments are 20–77 µm in length and 18–30 µm in width and contain many discoid chloroplasts. Plurilocular zoidangia are ectocarpoid, 90–135 µm in length and 25–40 µm in width, sessile or with one- or two-celled pedicels.
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(
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FC3B8C67A7237B2E" box="[925,1037,603,627]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3A</figureCitation>
, collected on 
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) deposited in the 
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(
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), the 
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deposited in 
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.
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<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F47C159FCBC8D89A08B7A93" bold="true" box="[794,933,949,974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Type locality</emphasis>
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Oshoro (
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), 
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.
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In samples collected from Oshoro, Shinori and Muroran, 
<collectingRegion id="4C07A5CF8F47C159FCBC8ABAA0A97DC3" box="[794,903,1158,1182]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
, scattered meristematic zones, crampons and plurilocular zoidangia were observed (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FB1E8A95A66F7D9C" box="[1208,1345,1193,1217]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3B–E</figureCitation>
). Plurilocular zoidangia were not observed, however, in samples collected from Oohamacho, Innoshima, 
<collectingRegion id="4C07A5CF8F47C159FB798AD2A6A07C5B" box="[1247,1422,1262,1286]" country="Japan" name="Hiroshima" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Hiroshima Pref.</collectingRegion>
In Oshoro, plants were collected in May and June but were not found in April and August. In Innoshima, plants were found from January to June. Unilocular sporangia were not found in any of the samples.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F47C15AFCE18BA0A2FD7803" blockId="4.[794,1422,1123,1945]" lastBlockId="7.[166,794,187,350]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="338" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">
In culture, zoids from plurilocular zoidangia germinated unipolarly, forming a germ tube, and developed into branched prostrate filaments (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FB098BDCA6317CA4" box="[1199,1311,1504,1529]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3F</figureCitation>
). Cells of prostrate filaments became globular, while cells of erect filaments were cylindrical (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FBF6881AA7F17F63" box="[1104,1247,1574,1598]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3F, G</figureCitation>
). Prostrate filaments formed erect filaments which tapered slightly to a pseudohair or a hair with short cells (like those of meristems) near their base and longer pale cells in the upper portion. Plurilocular zoidangia were formed on prostrate filaments and the lowermost portion of young erect filaments (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FCC888CAA0F57E53" box="[878,987,1782,1806]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3G</figureCitation>
) at 10–20°C, 2–3 weeks after germination. Erect filaments grew longer than prostrate filaments and formed plurilocular zoidangia (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F47C159FB0F8907A6367E0E" box="[1193,1304,1851,1875]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[136,1416,174,1776]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3: Acinetospora asiatica. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="335">Figure 3H</figureCitation>
) and scattered meristems. Cells of erect filaments were 23–78 µm in length and 20–32 µm in width. Heterokont zoids from plurilocular zoidangia possessed an eyespot. Settled zoids from plurilocular zoidangia were round and 9.3–10.8 µm in diameter. Unilocular sporangia were not found in any culture condition. In two strains, no reproductive organs were formed at all (
<tableCitation id="C3415E968F44C15AFED18F7AA2EB7803" box="[375,453,326,350]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[136,186,420,443]" captionTargetBox="[136,1899,482,1695]" captionText="Table 1: Samples of Acinetospora from Japan used for phylogenetic analyses in this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DABC3BA58F41C15FFF2E8F98A0E678E6" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" tableUuid="DABC3BA58F41C15FFF2E8F98A0E678E6">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DABC3BA58F46C158FF00888EA2337E61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359995" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11359995" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359995/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" startId="5.[166,226,1714,1734]" targetBox="[166,1446,177,1683]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F46C158FF00888EA2337E61" blockId="5.[166,1432,1714,1852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F46C158FF00888EA05B7FB9" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">
Figure 2: 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F46C158FEAE888EA2D27F9B" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[264,508,1714,1734]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="5" pageNumber="336" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F46C158FEAE888EA2D27F9B" bold="true" box="[264,508,1714,1734]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="336">Acinetospora filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A–C. Field-collected thalli. A. Erect filaments with crampons (arrow) and unilocular sporangia (asterisks). B. Unilocular sporangium. C. Crampon. D–G. Cultured thalli (20
</emphasis>
°C, long day). D. Young prostrate filaments (arrows) forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). E. Prostrate filament (arrow), young erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). F. Erect filaments forming unilocular sporangia (asterisks). G. Unilocular sporangia. A–G: 18 June 2010, Iwagasaki, Niigata Pref.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DABC3BA58F45C15BFF2E8933A7E17EC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11359997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11359997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11359997/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" startId="6.[136,194,1807,1827]" targetBox="[136,1416,174,1776]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F45C15BFF2E8933A7E17EC5" blockId="6.[136,1394,1807,1944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F45C15BFF2E8933A1277E03" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">
Figure 3: 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F45C15BFF438933A2857E7E" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[229,427,1807,1827]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="6" pageNumber="337" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F45C15BFF438933A2857E7E" bold="true" box="[229,427,1807,1827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="337">Acinetospora asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Holotype (SAP112509). B–E. Field-collected thalli. B. Erect filaments forming plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks) and crampons (arrows). C. Meristem in erect filament. Arrowheads indicate boundaries between cells. D. Plurilocular zoidangium. E. Crampon. F–H. Cultured thalli (20
</emphasis>
°C, long day). F. Prostrate filament (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads). G. Prostrate filaments (arrow) producing erect filaments (arrowheads) and plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). H. Erect filaments producing plurilocular zoidangia (asterisks). A, B, D–H: 15 June 2010, Oshoro, Otaru, Hokkaido. C: 27 June 2010, Shinori, Hakodate, Hokkaido.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F44C15AFF008F91A252789B" blockId="7.[166,380,429,454]" box="[166,380,429,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFF008F91A252789B" bold="true" box="[166,380,429,454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Molecular analyses</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F44C15AFF008FCFA1557AAD" blockId="7.[166,794,499,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFF008FCFA3E07B56" bold="true" box="[166,206,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Rbc</emphasis>
L sequences were determined for 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDF18FCFA22C7B70" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFDF18FCFA22C7B70" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Acinetospora filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(17 samples) and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFE618C2AA1177B73" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[455,569,534,558]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFE618C2AA1177B73" bold="true" box="[455,569,534,558]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(16 samples). Alignment length was 1476 bp. BI and 
<collectionCode id="E8D2F3E88F44C15AFD808C05A1667B0D" box="[550,584,569,592]" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">ML</collectionCode>
trees were similar and highly supported clades corresponded between the trees. Samples of 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFE3C8C42A1177BCB" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[410,569,638,662]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFE3C8C42A1177BCB" bold="true" box="[410,569,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a fully supported clade, which was sister to the European sample of 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFF638CFFA2057B86" box="[197,299,707,731]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crinita">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFF638CFFA2057B86" bold="true" box="[197,299,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. crinita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F44C15AFE9D8CFFA2B57B86" box="[315,411,707,731]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[136,194,1864,1884]" captionTargetBox="[136,1259,174,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-16@8.[136,1259,174,1833]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4: Bayesian tree of Ectocarpales inferred from rbcL sequences. Posterior probabilities (&gt;0.95) and bootstrap percentages (&gt;80) from maximum likelihood analysis are indicated near branches. “Ch” indicates Chordariaceae, “Ad” Adenocystaceae, “Ec” Ectocarpaceae and “Sc” Scytosiphonaceae. Asterocladon species are outgroup taxa. Scale bar refers to substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360001/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figure 4</figureCitation>
). Samples of 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD908CFFA1827B86" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[566,684,707,731]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD908CFFA1687B86" bold="true" box="[566,582,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFDF18CFFA1827B86" bold="true" box="[599,684,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clustered with full support, and formed a clade with 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD3C8CD9A2F67A7C" authority="(Kutzing) Hamel" authorityName="Hamel" baseAuthorityName="Kutzing" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Feldmannia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="irregularis">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD3C8CD9A23A7A7D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Feldmannia irregularis</emphasis>
(Kützing) Hamel
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDBE8D34A18F7A7D" box="[536,673,776,800]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Hincksia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFDBE8D34A15B7A7D" bold="true" box="[536,629,776,800]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Hincksia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
The latter clade was sister to the 
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFE3B8D17A18C7A1E" bold="true" box="[413,674,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFE3B8D17A1167A1E" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[413,568,811,835]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">A. filamentosa</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDE68D17A18C7A1E" box="[576,674,811,835]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crinita">A. crinita</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
clade, and both clades were included in the 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDB78D72A1FD7A3B" authorityName="Hamel ex J. Feldmann" authorityYear="1937" box="[529,723,846,870]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="family">Acinetosporaceae</taxonomicName>
clade. Sequence differences (p-distances) between 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD068D4DA3FA7AF6" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD068D4DA3FA7AF6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFEA98DAFA25A7AF6" box="[271,372,915,939]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crinita">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFEA98DAFA25A7AF6" bold="true" box="[271,372,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. crinita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 3.0–3.3%, those between 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD728DAFA3F27A93" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD728DAFA3F27A93" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFEB38D8AA2567A93" box="[277,376,950,974]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crinita">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFEB38D8AA2567A93" bold="true" box="[277,376,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. crinita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 4.6–4.7%, and those between 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFCA58D8AA20B7AAD" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFCA58D8AA20B7AAD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFEFD8DE4A2E27AAD" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[347,460,984,1008]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFEFD8DE4A2E27AAD" bold="true" box="[347,460,984,1008]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 4.0–4.6%.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7C6B2D8F44C15AFF728DC7A2197C33" blockId="7.[166,794,499,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">
Partial 
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFE8D8DC0A2617D4E" bold="true" box="[299,335,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">cox</emphasis>
1 sequences (658 bp) were determined for 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFF768A22A25F7D68" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[208,369,1053,1078]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFF768A22A25F7D68" bold="true" box="[208,369,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(four samples) and 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDC78A22A1F67D6B" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[609,728,1054,1078]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFDC78A22A1F67D6B" bold="true" box="[609,728,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(four samples). In the NJ tree of 
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFE6E8A7DA2C27D05" bold="true" box="[456,492,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">cox</emphasis>
1 (
<figureCitation id="16F877A88F44C15AFDA28A7CA1707D05" box="[516,606,1088,1112]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[166,224,1493,1513]" captionTargetBox="[166,1446,174,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[166,1446,174,1462]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5: Neighbour-joining tree of Acinetospora and related species inferred from cox1 sequences. Taxa in boldface were sequences determined in the present study. Bootstrap percentages (&gt;80) are indicated near branches. Ectocarpus siliculosus is an outgroup. Scale bar refers to substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360003/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Figure 5</figureCitation>
), the two species of 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFF6E8A5FA27B7D26" authorityName="Bornet" authorityYear="1891" box="[200,341,1123,1147]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFF6E8A5FA27B7D26" bold="true" box="[200,341,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Acinetospora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F6D42BBD8F44C15AFE048A58A2CF7D26" box="[418,481,1124,1147]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Japan</collectingCountry>
as well as 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFDD78A5FA1F47D26" box="[625,730,1123,1147]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crinita">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFDD78A5FA1F47D26" bold="true" box="[625,730,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. crinita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Europe (
<collectingCountry id="F6D42BBD8F44C15AFEA58ABAA2607DC3" box="[259,334,1158,1182]" name="Greece" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Greece</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingRegion id="4C07A5CF8F44C15AFE2E8ABAA2CF7DC3" box="[392,481,1158,1182]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Brittany</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F6D42BBD8F44C15AFE488ABAA1147DC3" box="[494,570,1158,1182]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">France</collectingCountry>
) formed three separate clades, each with full support. The clade of 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD0F8A94A0377D9D" authorityName="Yaegashi, Yamagishi et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" box="[681,793,1192,1216]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD0F8A94A0377D9D" bold="true" box="[681,793,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consisted only of Japanese samples while the 
<taxonomicName id="49C310AE8F44C15AFD058AF7A3FA7C58" authorityName="Yaegashi, Uwai et Kogame" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Yaegashi &amp; Yamagishi &amp; Uwai &amp; Abe &amp; Eria Santiañez &amp; Kogame" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Acinetosporaceae" genus="Acinetospora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="7" pageNumber="338" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis id="BCB7B73F8F44C15AFD058AF7A3FA7C58" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">A. filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade included one unidentified sample from 
<collectingCountry id="F6D42BBD8F44C15AFD768AD2A0377C5B" box="[720,793,1262,1286]" name="Greece" pageId="7" pageNumber="338">Greece</collectingCountry>
(LM995369). Sequence differences (p-distances) were 11.3–16.3% among the three species and &lt;2.7% within each species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>