treatments-xml/data/03/85/F1/0385F1339D59FFA8CAEBFA67FC327A4E.xml

<document id="A1223761BD7D21DD7EAFB42172EE0497" ID-CLB-Dataset="22367" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.409" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81b4a8ca-db15-4a5f-95b8-2d14ed9f08d6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787160" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588696840644" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Holstein, Norbert, Tamer, Sarah el &amp; Weigend, Maximilian" docDate="2018" docId="0385F1339D59FFA8CAEBFA67FC327A4E" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-409_holstein_tamer_weigend.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 409" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Corylus heterophylla Fisch." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFBC894B9D4FFFBFCB46FFF0FFB07F1D" masterDocTitle="The nutty world of hazel names - a critical taxonomic checklist of the genus Corylus (Betulaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698838529518" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CFB2602EB9D9C7C3B977A709D297132F">The nutty world of hazel names - a critical taxonomic checklist of the genus Corylus (Betulaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0FAD1C0C4B6A69D9BE9AA42ADE6EEAA6">Tamer, Sarah el</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BBF6BC60631A361D786207A5C950BA04">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B9340259D59FFA9CAEBFA67FB377AAF" blockId="22.[429,1159,1431,1458]" box="[429,1159,1431,1458]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0DBF7499D59FFA9CAEBFA67FB377AAF" box="[429,1159,1431,1458]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
10a. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CAA0FA67FC827AAC" ID-CoL="YQ5V" authority="Fisch." authorityName="Fisch." box="[486,818,1431,1458]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CAA0FA67FD547AAF" bold="true" box="[486,740,1431,1458]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Corylus heterophylla</emphasis>
Fisch.
</taxonomicName>
ex. Trautv. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9C8FBFA68FB377AAF" authorityName="Loudon, Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum" authorityYear="1838" box="[957,1159,1431,1458]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="avellana" variety="heterophylla">
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C8A9FA67FB377AAF" bold="true" box="[1007,1159,1431,1458]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33613AE9D59FFA9CBFBFA2AFD057999" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9340259D59FFA9CBFBFA2AFD057999" blockId="22.[189,1399,1497,2027]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Note: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CA4EFA29FD657AEE" authority="var. heterophylla" box="[264,725,1497,1524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CA4EFA29FDB27AEE" box="[264,514,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Corylus heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C904FA29FD657AEE" box="[578,725,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recognized in the 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C8B7FA29FB177AEE" box="[1009,1191,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Flora of 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D59FFA9CF19FA29FB177AEE" box="[1119,1191,1497,1523]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9CFFFFA29FE98790A" author="Li P. - C. &amp; Skvortsov A. K." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="286 - 301" refId="ref37252" refString="Li P. - C. &amp; Skvortsov A. K. 1999. Betulaceae. In: Wu Z. Y. &amp; Raven P. H. (eds.) Flora of China 4: 286 - 301. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis." type="journal article" year="1999">Li &amp; Skvortsov 1999</bibRefCitation>
), 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CA02FA0DFD9E7905" box="[324,558,1533,1560]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Flora of the USSR</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9C902FA0DFD477905" author="Bobrov E. G." box="[580,759,1533,1560]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="253 - 268" refId="ref33753" refString="Bobrov E. G. 1936 a. Coryleae. In: Komarov V. L. (ed.) Flora of the U. S. S. R. 5: 253 - 268. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR." type="journal article" year="1936">Bobrov 1936a</bibRefCitation>
), the 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C805FA0DFABB790A" box="[835,1291,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">World Checklist and Bibliography of</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CE5EFA0DFD987926" authority="(Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Govaerts &amp; Frodin" baseAuthorityYear="1998" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CE5EFA0DFAC7790A" box="[1304,1399,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fagales</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9CBB4F9D1FDAF7926" author="Govaerts R. &amp; Frodin D. G." box="[242,543,1569,1595]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref35520" refString="Govaerts R. &amp; Frodin D. G. 1998. World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales (Betulaceae, Corylaceae, Fagaceae and Ticodendraceae). The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, England." type="book" year="1998">Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and in the 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C9FFF9D1FC387926" box="[697,904,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Flora Sichuanica</emphasis>
(Editorial 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9CF4AF9D1FE997942" author="Editorial Board of the Flora Sichuanica" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref34770" refString="Editorial Board of the Flora Sichuanica 2012. Flora Sichuanica. Vol. 21. Sichuan Publishing Group, Chengdu, China." type="book" year="2012">Board of the Flora Sichuanica 2012</bibRefCitation>
), although in the latter, they were regarded as distinct taxa: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9C880F9B6FAC67942" authority="var. kweichowensis" box="[966,1398,1605,1632]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="kweichowensis" variety="kweichowensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C880F9B6FB237942" box="[966,1171,1605,1632]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. kweichowensis</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CF8EF9B5FAC67942" box="[1224,1398,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kweichowensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CA5AF99AFD1D799E" box="[284,685,1641,1668]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="kweichowensis" variety="sutchuensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CA5AF99AFE5C799E" box="[284,492,1641,1668]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. kweichowensis</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C960F999FD1D799E" box="[550,685,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sutchuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8B9340259D59FFA8CBFBF97EFDFD7EE6" blockId="22.[189,1399,1497,2027]" lastBlockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CBFBF97EFC9279BA" ID-CoL="YQ6F" authority="Burchardt, Verhandlungen des Vereins" authorityName="Burchardt, Verhandlungen des Vereins" box="[189,802,1677,1704]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CBFBF97EFEEB79BA" box="[189,347,1677,1704]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. mongolica</emphasis>
Burchardt, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CAA0F97DFC9279BA" box="[486,802,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Verhandlungen des Vereins</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9C86CF97EFE6A79D6" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">zu Beförderung des Gartenbaues in den Königlich Preussischen Staaten</emphasis>
9: 108 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9C97FF941FD4279D6" author="Burchardt T. H. O." box="[569,754,1713,1739]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="93 - 145" refId="ref34270" refString="Burchardt T. H. O. 1833. XIII. Beitrage zur Geschichte der Kultur der Haselnusse und ihrer Sorten. Verhandlungen des Vereins zu Beforderung des Gartenbaues in den Koniglich Preussischen Staaten 9: 93 - 145." type="journal article" year="1833">Burchardt 1833</bibRefCitation>
) nom. inval. (name not fully accepted). – 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CF9FF942FE5D79F2" ID-CoL="YQ6F" authority="K. Koch, Dendrologie" authorityName="K. Koch, Dendrologie" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CF9FF942FAC779D6" box="[1241,1399,1713,1740]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. mongolica</emphasis>
K.Koch, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CA11F925FE5D79F2" box="[343,493,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Dendrologie</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CAAAF925FD94780E" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden</emphasis>
2 (2): 13 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9C9ECF909FC81780E" author="Koch K." box="[682,817,1785,1811]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref36608" refString="Koch K. 1873. Dendrologie; Baume, Straucher und Halbstraucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. Vol. 2. F. Enke, Erlangen. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 20459" type="book" year="1873">Koch 1873</bibRefCitation>
) nom. inval. pro syn. – Note: Theodor Heinrich Otto Burchardt (
<date id="FF9266E59D59FFA9CAEDF8EDFDF7782A" box="[427,583,1821,1848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1771-12-13">13 Dec. 1771</date>
– 
<date id="FF9266E59D59FFA9C911F8EDFD537825" box="[599,739,1821,1848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1853-02-06">6 Feb. 1853</date>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D59FFA9C9A9F8EDFC327825" author="Muller L." box="[751,898,1821,1848]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="65 - 66" refId="ref38169" refString="Muller L. 1861. Theodor Heinrich Otto Burchardt. Pomologische Monatszeitschrift 7: 65 - 66." type="journal article" year="1861">Müller 1861</bibRefCitation>
) reported that he obtained nuts from “Herr von Hartwitz” [N.A. von Hartwiss] from Nikita, 
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D59FFA9C868F8B1FC377846" box="[814,903,1857,1883]" country="Ukraine" name="Crimea" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Crimea</collectingRegion>
, who got his material from F.E.L. Fischer from 
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D59FFA9CA6CF895FE7E7862" box="[298,462,1893,1919]" country="Russia" name="Saint Petersburg" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">St. Petersburg</collectingRegion>
for cultivation. Burchardt mentioned in the protologue that he sowed the largest ones in 1829, but none of them germinated. However, Burchardt emphasized that the nuts were flattened at their tips, which is typical for what is nowadays referred to as 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D59FFA9CF1CF85DFAA078DA" ID-CoL="YQ5V" box="[1114,1296,1965,1991]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D59FFA9CF1CF85DFAA078DA" box="[1114,1296,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Fischer had the newly collected Central Asian material of C.F. von Ledebour and Turczaninov at hand, and apparently also in cultivation in the 
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D58FFA8C9DCFEFCFCF07E38" box="[666,832,267,294]" country="Russia" name="Saint Petersburg" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">St. Petersburg</collectingRegion>
Botanical Garden. As there is only one species known from that area, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C947FEDFFD097E54" ID-CoL="YQ5V" box="[513,697,303,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C947FEDFFD097E54" box="[513,697,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it has flattened nuts, Burchardt’s 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CFD7FEDFFA837E54" ID-CoL="YQ6F" box="[1169,1331,303,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CFD7FEDFFA837E54" box="[1169,1331,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. mongolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an earlier name of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CAD8FEA3FDE27E71" ID-CoL="YQ5V" box="[414,594,338,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAD8FEA3FDE27E71" box="[414,594,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Burchardt expressed some doubt: “Höchst wahrscheinlich werden wir aber die 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CA9BFE86FD8A7E8D" ID-CoL="8VWHC" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[477,570,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CA9BFE86FD8A7E8D" box="[477,570,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Corylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-Arten durch eine neue species, mit der 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CF57FE86FB417E8D" ID-CoL="YQ6F" box="[1041,1265,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CF57FE86FB417E8D" box="[1041,1265,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Corylus mongolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vermehren müssen.” [Most likely, we will have to increase the number of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C899FE69FB8C7EAE" ID-CoL="8VWHC" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[991,1084,409,435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C899FE69FB8C7EAE" box="[991,1084,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Corylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by a new species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBACFE4DFE7B7ECA" ID-CoL="YQ6F" box="[234,459,445,471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBACFE4DFE7B7ECA" box="[234,459,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Corylus mongolica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]. Due to the explicit doubt expressed, the name does not need to be considered (Art. 36, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CA10FE11FDF17EE6" author="McNeill J. &amp; Barrie F. R. &amp; Buck W. R. &amp; Demoulin V. &amp; Greuter W. &amp; Hawksworth D. L. &amp; Herendeen P. S. &amp; Knapp S. &amp; Marhold K. &amp; Prado J. &amp; Prud'homme van Reine W. F. &amp; Smith G. F. &amp; Wiersema J. H. &amp; Turland N. J." box="[342,577,480,507]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref37892" refString="McNeill J., Barrie F. R., Buck W. R., Demoulin V., Greuter W., Hawksworth D. L., Herendeen P. S., Knapp S., Marhold K., Prado J., Prud'homme van Reine W. F., Smith G. F., Wiersema J. H. &amp; Turland N. J. 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (Melbourne Code). Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein." type="book" year="2012">
McNeill 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAF9FE11FE4A7EE7" box="[447,506,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFDF4FAF37DB0" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFDF4FC977D03" authority="Siebold, Annuaire de la Societe Royale" authorityName="Siebold, Annuaire de la Societe Royale" box="[189,807,516,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hasibami">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFDF4FEFD7D03" box="[189,333,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. hasibami</emphasis>
Siebold, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAF9FDF4FC977D03" box="[447,807,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Annuaire de la Société Royale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C876FDF5FEE97D5C" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
pour l’Encouragement de l’Horticulture dans les 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8CBACFDD8FEE97D5C" box="[234,345,552,577]" name="Netherlands" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pays-Bas</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 27 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CADCFDD8FD8B7D5F" author="Siebold P. F. von" box="[410,571,552,578]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref39368" refString="Siebold P. F. von 1844. Kruidkundige naamlijst van oud en nieuw ingevoerde Japansche en Chineesche planten. In: Siebold P. F. von, Annuaire de la Societe Royale pour l'Encouragement de l'Horticulture dans les Pays-Bas: 23 - 39. H. W. Hazenberg &amp; Comp., Leiden." type="book" year="1844">Siebold 1844</bibRefCitation>
) nom. nud. – Note: the material of this nom. nud. was introduced in Leiden Botanical Garden from material from P.F. von Siebold in 1829. Two years after publishing this name, Siebold himself synonymized the name under 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C8E8FD9FFE827DB0" ID-CoL="YQ5V" authority="(Siebold &amp; Zuccarini 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Siebold &amp; Zuccarini" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C8E8FD9FFBD87D94" box="[942,1128,623,649]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
(Siebold &amp; Zuccarini 1846)
</taxonomicName>
, while 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CAC0FD62FDD57DB1" author="Blume C. L." box="[390,613,658,685]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref33707" refString="Blume C. L. 1851 [&quot; 1849 - 1852 &quot;]. Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum. 1: 305 - 320. E. J. Bril, Leiden. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 274" type="journal article" year="1851">Blume (1851: 310)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized it under his new 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C892FD63FA8C7DB1" ID-CoL="7LL6Z" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1850" box="[980,1340,658,685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="thunbergii">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C892FD63FB397DB1" box="[980,1161,658,685]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CF85FD62FA8C7DB1" box="[1219,1340,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">thunbergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFD46FC757C9F" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFD46FD3B7DCD" ID-CoL="7LL6Z" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1850" box="[189,651,694,720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="thunbergii">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFD46FEC67DCD" box="[189,374,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAF0FD46FD9F7DCD" box="[438,559,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">thunbergii</emphasis>
Blume
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C9DCFD46FBDC7DCD" box="[666,1132,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum</emphasis>
1: 310 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CF91FD46FADE7DCC" author="Blume C. L." box="[1239,1390,694,721]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="305 - 320" refId="ref33707" refString="Blume C. L. 1851 [&quot; 1849 - 1852 &quot;]. Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum. 1: 305 - 320. E. J. Bril, Leiden. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 274" type="journal article" year="1851">Blume 1851</bibRefCitation>
) [“ 
<date id="FF9266E59D58FFA8CBBBFD29FE3D7DE9" box="[253,397,729,756]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1849" valueMax="1852">1849–1852</date>
”]. – 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CAFCFD2AFC087DEE" ID-CoL="YQ73" authority="(Blume) K. Koch, Dendrologie" authorityName="K. Koch, Dendrologie" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[442,952,729,756]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thunbergii">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAFCFD2AFDE17DEE" box="[442,593,729,756]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. thunbergii</emphasis>
(Blume) K.Koch, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C864FD29FC087DEE" box="[802,952,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dendrologie</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C8FEFD29FC6A7C0A" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden</emphasis>
2 (2): 13 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CF1BFD0DFB577C0A" author="Koch K." box="[1117,1255,765,791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref36608" refString="Koch K. 1873. Dendrologie; Baume, Straucher und Halbstraucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden. Vol. 2. F. Enke, Erlangen. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 20459" type="book" year="1873">Koch 1873</bibRefCitation>
). – Original citation: “In Japoniâ.” – Original material: 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8C9B8FCD1FCF47C26" box="[766,836,801,827]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Japan</collectingCountry>
, e Japonia, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C89CFCD1FB377C27" box="[986,1159,800,827]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C.P. Thunberg</emphasis>
s.n. (UPS-THUNB 22494!); 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8CA1BFCB4FE107C43" box="[349,416,836,862]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Japan</collectingCountry>
[without locality], 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C9D0FCB5FCA37C43" box="[662,787,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">H. Bürger</emphasis>
s.n. (M-0153659!, M-0153660!, M-0153661!). – Original material?: 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8CA96FC98FDA67C9F" box="[464,534,872,898]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Japonia, s. coll., s.n. (K00859904!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFC7BFC8B7CD5" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFC7BFD067CB8" ID-CoL="7LL6F" authority="Koidz., The" authorityName="Koidz., The" authorityYear="1913" box="[189,694,907,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="japonica">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFC7BFEC67CB8" box="[189,374,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAF1FC7CFDAE7CB8" box="[439,542,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">japonica</emphasis>
Koidz., 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C9CCFC7BFD067CB8" box="[650,694,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">The</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C987FC7BFC027CB8" box="[705,946,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Botanical Magazine</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C880FC7BFBBB7CB8" box="[966,1035,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D58FFA8C880FC7BFBBB7CB8" box="[966,1035,907,933]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
] 27: 143 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CFC9FC7BFAE07CB8" author="Koidzumi G." box="[1167,1360,907,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref36656" refString="Koidzumi G. 1913. Spicilegium Betulacearum Japonicarum novarum vel minus cognitarum. The Botanical Magazine [Tokyo] 27: 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1913">Koidzumi 1913</bibRefCitation>
). – Original citation: “Japonia.” – 
<typeStatus id="5497FE879D58FFA8C915FC5FFD227CD4" box="[595,658,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
: not localized.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFC22FD9B7B83" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFC22FD0B7CF1" ID-CoL="7LKV8" authority="Koidz., The" authorityName="Koidz., The" authorityYear="1913" box="[189,699,978,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFC22FEC57CF1" box="[189,373,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAF3FC23FD947CF1" box="[437,548,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">yezoensis</emphasis>
Koidz., 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C9C9FC22FD0B7CF1" box="[655,699,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">The</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C983FC22FC057CF1" box="[709,949,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Botanical Magazine</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C88FFC22FBBE7CF1" box="[969,1038,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D58FFA8C88FFC22FBBE7CF1" box="[969,1038,978,1004]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
] 27: 143 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CFD6FC22FAE17CF1" author="Koidzumi G." box="[1168,1361,978,1004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref36656" refString="Koidzumi G. 1913. Spicilegium Betulacearum Japonicarum novarum vel minus cognitarum. The Botanical Magazine [Tokyo] 27: 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1913">Koidzumi 1913</bibRefCitation>
). – 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBACFC06FD887B12" ID-CoL="YQ7C" authority="(Koidz.) Nakai" authorityName="Nakai" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Koidz." box="[234,568,1013,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBACFC06FECD7B12" box="[234,381,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. yezoensis</emphasis>
(Koidz.) Nakai
</taxonomicName>
(nom. inval. pro syn.), 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C812FC05FBCA7B12" box="[852,1146,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Flora Sylvatica Koreana</emphasis>
2: 9 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CF84FC05FAE27B0D" author="Nakai T." box="[1218,1362,1013,1040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref38320" refString="Nakai T. 1915. Flora Sylvatica Koreana. Vol. 2. Government of Chosen, Keijo." type="book" year="1915">Nakai 1915</bibRefCitation>
). – Orinial citation: “Yezo: Prov. Isikari, prope Sapporo.” – 
<typeStatus id="5497FE879D58FFA8C821FBEAFC167B29" box="[871,934,1050,1076]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
: not localized. – Note: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CFE0FBE9FAC77B2E" ID-CoL="YQ7C" authorityName="Nakai" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Koidz." box="[1190,1399,1049,1075]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CFE0FBE9FAC77B2E" box="[1190,1399,1049,1075]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Corylus yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is regarded as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C97DFBCDFC147B4B" ID-CoL="7LL6Z" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1850" box="[571,932,1084,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="thunbergii">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C97DFBCDFD417B4B" box="[571,753,1084,1111]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C86DFBCCFC147B4B" box="[811,932,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">thunbergii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C8B0FBCCFB167B4B" box="[1014,1190,1084,1111]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Flora of 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8CF18FBCDFB167B4B" box="[1118,1190,1085,1110]" name="Japan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Japan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CFF0FBCCFA8C7B4A" author="Ohwi J." box="[1206,1340,1084,1111]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref38423" refString="Ohwi J. 1965. Flora of Japan [in English]. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC." type="book" year="1965">Ohwi 1965</bibRefCitation>
) and the 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CA51FB90FD7C7B67" box="[279,716,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">World Checklist and Bibliography of</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8C992FB90FBC67B67" ID-CoL="384" authority="(Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Govaerts &amp; Frodin" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[724,1142,1120,1146]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C992FB90FC837B67" box="[724,819,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fagales</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8C802FB90FBDD7B67" author="Govaerts R. &amp; Frodin D. G." box="[836,1133,1120,1146]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref35520" refString="Govaerts R. &amp; Frodin D. G. 1998. World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales (Betulaceae, Corylaceae, Fagaceae and Ticodendraceae). The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, England." type="book" year="1998">Govaerts &amp; Frodin 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, where that variety is treated as a distinct variety.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFB57FB417A16" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFB57FBBA7BDC" ID-CoL="7LL6C" authority="L. Zhao &amp; D. Chen, Flora Liaoningica" authorityName="L. Zhao &amp; D. Chen, Flora Liaoningica" authorityYear="1988" box="[189,1034,1191,1218]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="heterophylla" variety="shenyangensis">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFB57FEC07BDC" box="[189,368,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. heterophylla</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CAE0FB57FDFF7BDC" box="[422,591,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">shenyangensis</emphasis>
L.Zhao &amp; D.Chen, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C872FB57FBBA7BDC" box="[820,1034,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Flora Liaoningica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1: 1361 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD3DD49D58FFA8CF35FB57FAE67BDC" author="Zhao L. &amp; Chen D. Y." box="[1139,1366,1191,1217]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1988" refId="ref40589" refString="Zhao L. &amp; Chen D. Y. 1988. Flora Liaoningica 1: 1988. Liaoning Science &amp; Technology Publishing, Shenyang." type="journal article" year="1988">Zhao &amp; Chen 1988</bibRefCitation>
). – 
<typeStatus id="5497FE879D58FFA8CBACFB3EFE997BF5" box="[234,297,1230,1256]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F33B00B59D58FFA8CA72FB3EFECD7BF5" box="[308,381,1230,1256]" name="China" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D58FFA8CACFFB3EFE467BF5" box="[393,502,1230,1256]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Liaoning</collectingRegion>
, Shenyang shi, 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C9EBFB3FFCB87BF5" box="[685,776,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">L. Zhao</emphasis>
[
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C85FFB39FCE97BFE" bold="true" box="[793,857,1225,1251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">IJħ</emphasis>
] 
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8C82CFB3EFC267BF5" box="[874,918,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">591</emphasis>
(holo-: IFP03404001a0001). – Note: the herbarium where the 
<typeStatus id="5497FE879D58FFA8CAA2FB02FDA77A11" box="[484,535,1266,1292]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
is deposited was incorrectly given as “FPI” in the protologue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33613AE9D58FFA8CBFBFAE5FC327A4E" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9340259D58FFA8CBFBFAE5FC327A4E" blockId="23.[189,1399,267,1363]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C3BA69D58FFA8CBFBFAE5FE4A7A32" authority="Siebold &amp; Zucc." authorityName="Siebold &amp; Zucc." box="[189,506,1301,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retusa">
<emphasis id="B9589C379D58FFA8CBFBFAE5FE9A7A32" box="[189,298,1301,1327]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. retusa</emphasis>
Siebold &amp; Zucc.
</taxonomicName>
nom. nud. in sched. – Note: this name solely appears on some specimens collected by Siebold (
<collectingRegion id="49E88EC79D58FFA8CAADFAC9FDAA7A4E" box="[491,538,1337,1363]" country="Turkey" name="Bolu" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">BR</collectingRegion>
!, K000859905!, M-0153658!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>