treatments-xml/data/06/69/87/066987FEFFA6F75B8683A04DFBA1FCC6.xml

<document id="F6A00444753ED2A6B5A161789E84B69A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.246276" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d815f31-6364-4242-8822-109ab207d636" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="246276" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460505879566" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barbosa, Diego N. &amp; Azevedo, Celso O." docDate="2012" docId="066987FEFFA6F75B8683A04DFBA1FCC6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03417p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3417" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Zimankos sakalava Barbosa &amp; Azevedo, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FA50FF86FFBBF77B8614A637FFDCFFC1" masterDocTitle="Revision of Mesitiinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar, with description of eleven new species" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698312719588" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EE9FB7A06E5C74BCD50F78CDB760E687">Revision of Mesitiinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar, with description of eleven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="440E6321A3FD132DAEBA9006DC9F3136">Barbosa, Diego N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7016D2ADA31D6A82611D7B8770D095BF">Azevedo, Celso O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="921E9EEF2023AFCADDFBB02F020ED180">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="066987FEFFA6F75B8683A04DFBA1FCC6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6171968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119522621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6171968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:066987FEFFA6F75B8683A04DFBA1FCC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/066987FEFFA6F75B8683A04DFBA1FCC6" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C6DA6563FFA6F7668683A04DFE13F974" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA6F7668683A04DFD31F955" blockId="29.[151,749,1658,1717]" box="[151,749,1658,1684]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D5378184FFA6F7668683A04DFD31F955" bold="true" box="[151,749,1658,1684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668683A04DFD31F955" bold="true" box="[151,749,1658,1684]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA6F7668683A04DFD5EF955" authority="Barbosa &amp; Azevedo" authorityName="Barbosa &amp; Azevedo" box="[151,642,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakalava" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668683A04DFE5DF955" bold="true" box="[151,385,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Zimankos sakalava</emphasis>
Barbosa &amp; Azevedo
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7875781FFA6F766849BA04DFD31F955" box="[655,749,1658,1684]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA6F7668683A0AAFE13F974" blockId="29.[151,749,1658,1717]" box="[151,463,1693,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA6F766868BA0AAFF29F974" box="[159,245,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 42. 41" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1960,1983]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1939]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 42. 41. Zimankos makoa sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus; 42. Z. sakalava sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus. Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246287/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 42</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA6F7668715A0AAFE96F974" box="[257,330,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1661,1684]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1640]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45. Zimankos makoa sp. nov., 3, holotype. 43. Head in dorsal view; 44. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 45. Mesosoma in lateral view; 46 – 48. Z. sakalava sp. nov. 3, holotype. 46. Head in dorsal view; 47. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 48. Mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246288/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">46–48</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA6F7668741A0AAFEAFF974" box="[341,371,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1502,1525]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,193,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[152,1435,193,1481]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Hypopygium. 57. Anaylax mahafaly sp. nov.; 58. Clytrovorus bara sp. nov.; 59. C. merina sp. nov.; 60. C. zafimaniry sp. nov.; 61. Itapayos antaimoro sp. nov.; 62. I. mikea sp. nov.; 63. Zimankos makoa sp. nov.; 64. Z. sakalava sp. nov.; 65. Pilomesitius madagascarensis Móczár; 66. Z. madagascarensis (Móczár). Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246292/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">64</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA6F766876BA0AAFE1AF974" box="[383,454,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 79 – 88" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[193,1367,188,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[177,1421,179,1874]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 79 – 88. Genitalia. 79, 80. Itapayos mikea sp. nov. 79. Ventral view; 80. Lateral view; 81, 82. Zimankos makoa sp. nov. 81. Ventral view; 82. Lateral view; 83, 84. Z. sakalava sp. nov. 83. Ventral view; 84. Lateral view; 85, 86. Pilomesitius madagascarensis Móczár. 85. Ventral view; 86. Lateral view; 87, 88. Zimankos madagascarensis (Móczár). 87. Ventral view; 88. Lateral view. Scale bars = 125 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246294/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">83, 84</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DA6563FFA6F7658683A0E9FB28FEDD" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA6F7658683A0E9FB28FEDD" blockId="29.[151,1436,1758,2035]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668683A0E9FE58F936" bold="true" box="[151,388,1758,1783]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="517B884AFFA6F766879AA0E9FE24F937" box="[398,504,1758,1782]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, 3. 
<collectingCountry id="F6D77678FFA6F7668439A0E9FD2AF937" box="[557,758,1758,1782]" name="Madagascar" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668510A0E9FC2DF937" box="[772,1009,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mahajanga Province</emphasis>
, Parc National de Namoroka 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F766835FA0E9FA47F937" box="[1355,1435,1758,1782]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="9.8">9.8 km</quantity>
300° WNW Vilanandro, 4– 
<date id="FA7E1028FFA6F76687F4A135FE31F8DB" box="[480,493,1794,1818]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">8</date>
. Nov[ember] 2002, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F76684F5A135FCBCF8DB" box="[737,864,1794,1818]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="-16.466667">16°28'00''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F7668567A135FC2FF8DB" box="[883,1011,1794,1818]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="45.35">45°21'00''E</geoCoordinate>
, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector] Fisher, Griswold 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F76687C1A11FFDD2F8FF" box="[469,526,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
, Malaise trap tropical dry forest, elev[ation] 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F766821CA111FB8EF8FF" box="[1032,1106,1830,1854]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
, [collection] code: BLF6445, CASENT 2112567 (
<collectionCode id="E8D1AE2DFFA6F766876FA17DFE16F8A3" box="[379,458,1866,1890]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CASC</collectionCode>
). 
<typeStatus id="517B884AFFA6F76687CAA17CFD91F8A2" box="[478,589,1867,1891]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F6D77678FFA6F766844DA17DFCFDF8A3" box="[601,801,1866,1890]" name="Madagascar" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668539A17CFC6AF8A2" box="[813,950,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Antsiranana</emphasis>
, 1 3, Rés[erve] Analamerana 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F7668304A17DFAB0F8A3" box="[1296,1388,1866,1890]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.84" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="28.4">28.4 km</quantity>
99° Anivorano-Nord, elev[ation] 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F76687CFA159FDC9F847" box="[475,533,1902,1926]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
, 0 5. 
<date id="FA7E1028FFA6F766845EA159FCFFF847" box="[586,803,1902,1926]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2004-12-12">
December 2004, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F7668513A159FCFFF847" box="[775,803,1902,1926]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="-12.746667">12</geoCoordinate>
</date>
°44'48''S, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F7668585A159FBCEF847" box="[913,1042,1902,1926]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="49.494724">49°29'41''E</geoCoordinate>
, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector] B.L. Fisher, sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood) tropical dry forest, [collection code:] BLF11400, CASENT 2089805 (
<collectionCode id="E8D1AE2DFFA6F766879EA181FE04F80F" box="[394,472,1974,1998]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">CASC</collectionCode>
); 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F76687E7A181FD39F80F" box="[499,741,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Mahajanga Province</emphasis>
, 2 3, Parc National de Namoroka 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F766828AA181FADDF80F" box="[1182,1281,1974,1998]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="17.8">17.8 km</quantity>
329° WNW Vilanandro, elev[ation] 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA6F766878AA1EDFE3BF833" box="[414,487,2010,2034]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, 8– 
<date id="FA7E1028FFA6F7668405A1EDFDF2F833" box="[529,558,2010,2034]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">12</date>
. Nov[ember] 2002, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F7668519A1EDFC57F833" box="[781,907,2010,2034]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="-16.376667">16°22'36''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA6F7668583A1EDFBCBF833" box="[919,1047,2010,2034]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="15" value="45.326664">45°19'36''E</geoCoordinate>
, coll[ector] Fisher, Griswold 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA6F7668349A1EBFA49F832" box="[1373,1429,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al.</emphasis>
, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, Malaise trap, tropical dry forest, collection code: BLF6508, CASENT 2062519 and 2172773 (
<collectionCode id="E8D1AE2DFFA5F765872FA68BFE55FF15" box="[315,393,188,212]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">CASC</collectionCode>
); 2 3, Parc National de Namoroka 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA5F765850BA68BFCB3FF15" box="[799,879,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="9.8">9.8 km</quantity>
300° WNW Vilanandro, 4– 
<date id="FA7E1028FFA5F76582A7A68BFB1CFF15" box="[1203,1216,188,212]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8</date>
. Nov[ember] 2002, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA5F7658683A6E8FECAFF36" box="[151,278,223,247]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" value="-16.466667">16°28'00''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBF4502FFFA5F7658736A6E8FE7EFF36" box="[290,418,223,247]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" value="45.35">45°21'00''E</geoCoordinate>
, California Acad[emy] of Sciences, coll[ector] Fisher, Griswold 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F7658265A6D6FB74FF39" box="[1137,1192,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
, Malaise trap tropical dry forest, elev[ation] 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA5F765879AA733FE0AFEDD" box="[398,470,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="140.0">140 m</quantity>
, [collection] code: BLF6445, CASENT 2112594 and 2112607 (
<collectionCode id="E8D1AE2DFFA5F765828EA733FB34FEDD" box="[1178,1256,260,284]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">CASC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DA6563FFA5F75B86D3A710FE72FED8" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A710FC22FEFE" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,1022,295,320]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A710FE85FE81" bold="true" box="[199,345,295,320]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="517B884AFFA5F765874BA710FE1BFEFE" box="[351,455,295,319]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA5F76587C2A710FDF7FEFE" box="[470,555,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 42. 41" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1960,1983]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1939]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 42. 41. Zimankos makoa sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus; 42. Z. sakalava sp. nov., 3, holotype, habitus. Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246287/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
). MALE. Body 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA5F76584CBA710FC9AFEFE" box="[735,838,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="5.36">5.36 mm</quantity>
. LFW 
<quantity id="49389B0DFFA5F7658587A710FC26FEFE" box="[915,1018,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="3.36">3.36 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A77BFEEAFE0E" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A77BFEC8FEA5" box="[199,276,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Colour</emphasis>
. Scape, pedicel, trochanters, profemur, mesofemur, metafemur, protibia, mesotibia, metatibia and tarsi castaneous; mandible dark castaneous with apex lighter; flagellum, palpi, tegula, wing venation, procoxa, mesocoxa, metacoxa and metasoma dark castaneous; head and 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA5F765856CA7A2FC32FE6D" box="[888,1006,405,428]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="30" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
dark castaneous nearly black; wings twice-banded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A7EBFA49FC65" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A7EBFED8FE35" box="[199,260,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA5F7658703A7EBFEACFE35" box="[279,368,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1661,1684]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1640]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45. Zimankos makoa sp. nov., 3, holotype. 43. Head in dorsal view; 44. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 45. Mesosoma in lateral view; 46 – 48. Z. sakalava sp. nov. 3, holotype. 46. Head in dorsal view; 47. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 48. Mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246288/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
). Head wider than long, narrow [in lateral view]. Malar space shorter than VOL, parallel. Mandible with three sharpened apical teeth, equally wide in your extension; lower margin straight; lower tooth longer than immediately upper teeth, lower tooth wider than others. Clypeus with median lobe delimitated, quadrate; lateral lobe present, shorter than median lobe, rounded; median clypeal carina arched, complete, straight shape [in dorsal view], above torulus. Intertorular distance less than torulus diameter. Antenna with conspicuous pubescence, erect, sparse, medium; scape curved, with same diameter across extension; pedicel longer than wide, caliciform; first flagellomere longer than pedicel, longer than others; flagellomeres long, cylindrical shape; first five antennal segments in ratio of about 37:20:32:24:24. Frons strongly foveolate. Eye small, round, hairy, its contour protuberant. Ocellar triangle compact, with frontal angle acute; composed by ocelli large; with ocellar fovea present, wide. Temple profile divergent anterad, vertex convex, its corner rounded. Palpi rectangular, cylindrical. Hypostomal carina forming obtuse angle. Dorsal half of occipital carina present, high, with side foveolate; ventral half of occipital carina present, complete, high, with side foveolate. LH 0.94 × WH. WF 1.43 × HE. WF 0.59 × WH. OOL 0.66 × WOT. VOL 0.62 × HE. Distance of posterior ocellus to vertex crest 1.5 × 
<collectingCountry id="F6D77678FFA5F7658345A5BBFA4DFC65" box="[1361,1425,908,932]" name="Iceland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">DAO</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A586FD41FA25" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA5F76586D3A586FEE3FC09" box="[199,319,945,968]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A586FEE3FC09" box="[199,319,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mesosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA5F7658745A598FE07FC06" box="[337,475,943,967]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1661,1684]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,193,1640]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. 43 – 45. Zimankos makoa sp. nov., 3, holotype. 43. Head in dorsal view; 44. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 45. Mesosoma in lateral view; 46 – 48. Z. sakalava sp. nov. 3, holotype. 46. Head in dorsal view; 47. Mesosoma in dorsal view; 48. Mesosoma in lateral view. Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246288/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 47, 48</figureCitation>
). Pronotal disc 0.7 × as long as wide; densely foveolate; plate groove present, but incomplete; anterior slope inclined in profile; anterior margin convex, with anterior corner angled; trapezoidal shaped, with side slightly concave; longitudinal pronotal furrow present, complete, deep; posterior margin straight. Propleuron with epicoxal sulcus, deep, foveolate. Pleurosternum with epicoxal sulcus, foveolate. Mesoscutum coriaceous, long; longitudinal mesoscutal furrow well impressed; notaulus complete, convergent posteriorly, deep, narrow, polished; parapsidal furrow incomplete, weakly impressed, parallel. Scutellar groove narrow, fused with axilla, arched, not dilated at ends; scutoscutellar sulcus conspicuous; scutellum short, foveolate, plane, not touching propodeal disc, with longitudinal median furrow; axilla polished, shallow. Metanotum overlapping lateral region of scutellum. Propodeal disc shorter than half width, with central fovea fused with propodeal triangle fovea; median carina incomplete; with longitudinal ridge between median and inner discal carinae; sublateral and inner discal carina fused anteriorly; spiracle elliptical; inner discal carina complete; sublateral carina present; lateral carina present; lateral margin sculpture coriaceous; posterior carina failed medially; posterior spine of propodeum present, long, thin, parallel. Declivity of propodeum areolate, with median carina, with lateral carina. Lateral surface of propodeum areolate, with superior carina, not penetrating at spine, with posterior carina. Mesopleuron foveolate, with subtegular fovea continuous with episternal furrow; mesopleural sulcus present, complete, foveolate; episternal furrow with inner margin foveolate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A3C6FB2AF959" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A3C6FED6F9C9" box="[199,266,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Wings</emphasis>
. Macropterous. Tegula separated of mesoscutum. Fore wing with sparse pilosity; with costal cell very narrow and longitudinally folded; median cell as long as submedian cell; basal vein angulate; transverse median vein biangulate; nebulous cubital vein present; stigma subdeveloped, with distal margin truncate; radial vein slightly curved forward, giving raise at distal margin of stigma. 
<collectingCountry id="F6D77678FFA5F7658567A06BFC77F9B5" box="[883,939,1628,1652]" name="India" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hind</collectingCountry>
wing with costal vein short; with anal vein long; with one proximal hamuli; with three distal hamuli, first hamuli widely separated from others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A092FA41F8C5" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A092FEDFF97A" box="[199,259,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Legs.</emphasis>
Metacoxa with dorsal spine, without ventral expansion. Protibia short [1.5× first tarsomere length], with protibial spur short [shorter than half length of first tarsomere]. Tarsi with tarsomeres 1–4 progressively shorter distad, cylindrical; tarsal claw with two sharpened teeth, curved posterad; arolium simple, apex rounded, and large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA5F76586D3A126FC45F81D" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA5F76586D3A126FEE0F8E9" box="[199,316,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Metasoma</emphasis>
. 2 × longer than wide; tergum 1 with ventral region coriaceous, with lap of lateral margin, with sparse lateral pilosity; tergum 2 with dorsal region coriaceous, with sparse lateral pilosity, with ventral region polished; terga 3–6 with dorsal region coriaceous, with ventral region coriaceous; with posterior margin of tergites straight, with sparse setae at posterior margin of terga 2–6. Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA5F7658208A14BFBA8F855" box="[1052,1140,1916,1940]" captionStart="FIGURES 57 – 66" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1502,1525]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,193,1479]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[152,1435,193,1481]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 57 – 66. Hypopygium. 57. Anaylax mahafaly sp. nov.; 58. Clytrovorus bara sp. nov.; 59. C. merina sp. nov.; 60. C. zafimaniry sp. nov.; 61. Itapayos antaimoro sp. nov.; 62. I. mikea sp. nov.; 63. Zimankos makoa sp. nov.; 64. Z. sakalava sp. nov.; 65. Pilomesitius madagascarensis Móczár; 66. Z. madagascarensis (Móczár). Scale bars = 300 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246292/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
) longer than wide; with hypopygial median stalk partial divided; lateral margin parallel, and slightly convex; with posterior margin bilobate with median indentation, strongly concave, with filamentous branch.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DABF6660FFA4F7648683A04AFDA3F910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246288/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1639]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA4F7648683A04AFDA3F910" blockId="31.[151,1437,1661,1745]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F7648683A04AFE88F952" bold="true" box="[151,340,1661,1684]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURES 43–48.</emphasis>
43–45. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F76487B3A049FD89F955" box="[423,597,1662,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makoa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F76487B3A049FD89F955" box="[423,597,1662,1684]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Zimankos makoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7875781FFA4F764844FA049FD70F952" box="[603,684,1662,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F764844FA049FD70F952" bold="true" box="[603,684,1662,1683]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 3, holotype. 43. Head in dorsal view; 44. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F764827DA049FB0BF952" box="[1129,1239,1662,1683]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="31" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view; 45. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F7648683A0AAFED9F973" box="[151,261,1693,1714]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="31" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
in lateral view;46–48. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F76487FBA0AAFDB8F973" box="[495,612,1692,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakalava" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F76487FBA0AAFDB8F973" box="[495,612,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Z. sakalava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7875781FFA4F764847EA0AAFD66F973" box="[618,698,1693,1714]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F764847EA0AAFD66F973" bold="true" box="[618,698,1693,1714]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
3, holotype. 46. Head in dorsal view; 47. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F764827FA0AAFB05F973" box="[1131,1241,1693,1714]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="31" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
in dorsal view; 48. 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFFA4F7648683A08BFED9F910" box="[151,261,1724,1745]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="31" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
in lateral view. Scale bars = 300 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FFA4F76486D3A0CAFB54F82C" blockId="31.[151,1437,1789,2029]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFFA4F76486D3A0CAFEEDF8D4" box="[199,305,1789,1813]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="16FB2A6DFFA4F7648753A0CAFE04F8D4" box="[327,472,1789,1813]" captionStart="FIGURES 79 – 88" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1888,1911]" captionTargetBox="[193,1367,188,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[177,1421,179,1874]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 79 – 88. Genitalia. 79, 80. Itapayos mikea sp. nov. 79. Ventral view; 80. Lateral view; 81, 82. Zimankos makoa sp. nov. 81. Ventral view; 82. Lateral view; 83, 84. Z. sakalava sp. nov. 83. Ventral view; 84. Lateral view; 85, 86. Pilomesitius madagascarensis Móczár. 85. Ventral view; 86. Lateral view; 87, 88. Zimankos madagascarensis (Móczár). 87. Ventral view; 88. Lateral view. Scale bars = 125 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/246294/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 83, 84</figureCitation>
). Genital ring protruding dorsally, with distal margin rounded and emarginated. Basivolsella fully outlined from basiparamere, with sparse line of hairs. Paramere fully divided into two arms; dorsal arm of paramere shorter than ventral arm, club-shaped, and with basal margin thin; ventral arm of paramere slender, apex sparse hairy, inner margin straight. Cuspis birramous, with arms distinct; ventral arm aligned with dorsal arm apex, slender, and thin, with apex truncate; dorsal arm wide, and with apex rounded. Aedeagus slender; with pair of apical lobes, with apex aligned with paramere apex, lobes touching each other, with apical margin rounded, lateral of margin of basal portion convex; apodeme divergent, with base straight.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FF9BF75B86D3A6AEFAF4FF37" blockId="32.[151,1436,151,775]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B86D3A6AEFEE6FF71" box="[199,314,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Variations</emphasis>
. Body length 
<quantity id="49389B0DFF9BF75B87CBA6A0FD5AFF6E" box="[479,646,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.735" metricValueMax="5.36" metricValueMin="4.11" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="4.735" valueMax="5.36" valueMin="4.11">4.11–5.36 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length 
<quantity id="49389B0DFF9BF75B854EA6A0FBDEFF6E" box="[858,1026,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" metricValueMax="3.36" metricValueMin="2.46" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="2.91" valueMax="3.36" valueMin="2.46">2.46–3.36 mm</quantity>
. Pedicel light castaneous; flagellum castaneous. Mesonotum with mesoscutum with longitudinal mesoscutal furrow weakly impressed; with scutellum with longitudinal furrow weakly impressed. Propodeum with lateral surface with carinae hardly distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FF9BF75B86D3A735FE72FED8" blockId="32.[151,1436,151,775]" box="[199,430,257,282]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FEMALE unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DA6563FF9BF75B86D3A712FBA1FCC6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8E7F36E8FF9BF75B86D3A712FBA1FCC6" blockId="32.[151,1436,151,775]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B86D3A712FEE7FEFC" bold="true" box="[199,315,293,317]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFF9BF75B8448A712FC07FEFD" authority="Kieffer, 1913" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1913" box="[604,987,292,317]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alluaudi">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B8448A712FCF1FEFC" box="[604,813,293,317]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Zimankos alluaudi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EA514B19FF9BF75B852FA713FC0FFEFD" author="Kieffer" box="[827,979,292,316]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1913) Insectes Hymenopteres I. Proctotrupidae, Cynipidae et Evaniidae. In: Schulz, A. (ed.), Vo y a ge d e C h. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912), pp. 5 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1913">Kieffer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by having the head wider than long; the median clypeal lobe angulate, lateral lobe present and rounded; the antenna with first flagellomere longer than others; the ocellar triangle acute, compact, the ocelli large; the longitudinal pronotal furrow present; the mesoscutum foveolate, with longitudinal mesoscutal furrow present; the scutellum foveolate; the declivity and lateral surface of propodeum with all carinae present; the fore wing with nebulous cubital vein; the hypopygium with filamentous branch and with lateral margin parallel. However 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFF9BF75B858FA7E1FBC2FE2C" box="[923,1054,469,493]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakalava" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B858FA7E1FBC2FE2C" box="[923,1054,469,493]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Z. sakalava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7875781FF9BF75B8233A7E2FB5EFE2C" box="[1063,1154,469,493]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B8233A7E2FB5EFE2C" bold="true" box="[1063,1154,469,493]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has the notaulus narrow and polished, and parapsidal furrow weakly impressed; the scutellar groove not dilated at ends; the scutellum with longitudinal median furrow; the propodeal disc with median carina incomplete, and with posterior carina failed medially; the lateral surface of propodeum with superior carina not penetrating at spine; the hypopygium with anterior margin unilobate, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="49C04D6BFF9BF75B8421A455FD68FDB8" box="[565,692,609,633]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Zimankos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alluaudi">
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B8421A455FD68FDB8" box="[565,692,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Z. alluaudi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the notaulus wide and strigate, and parapsidal furrow well impressed; the scutellar groove dilated at ends; the scutellum without longitudinal median furrow; the propodeal disc with median carina complete, and with posterior carina complete; the lateral surface of propodeum with superior carina penetrating at spine; the hypopygium with anterior margin bilobate. These are the new records of species to 
<emphasis id="BCB4EAFAFF9BF75B8718A4D9FEA5FCC7" box="[268,377,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Zimankos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EA514B19FF9BF75B876BA4D8FDF3FCC7" author="Argaman" box="[383,559,750,775]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Argaman, Q. (2003) Generic synopsis of Mesitinae Kieffer, 1914 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Entomofauna, 24, 61 - 96." type="journal article" year="2003">Argaman, 2003</bibRefCitation>
, therewith we can confirm the validity of this genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>