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<mods:title id="AB3C2216FBC79BA2BAC42E16A2F92BCC">Systematic notes on some leptomedusa species with a description of Neotima galeai n. spec. (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5CE21CFC4DF8C0F91AF8A0" blockId="3.[965,1302,1854,1912]" box="[965,1302,1854,1880]" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">
<heading id="F47881B0CF5CE21CFC4DF8C0F91AF8A0" bold="true" box="[965,1302,1854,1880]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5CE21CFC4DF8C0F91AF8A0" ID-CoL="3S84Q" authority="Browne, 1905" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[965,1302,1854,1880]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5CE21CFC4DF8C0F91AF8A0" bold="true" box="[965,1302,1854,1880]" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5CE21CFC4DF8C0F879F8A0" bold="true" box="[965,1141,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">Laodicea indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFBF3F8BEF91AF8A0" author="Browne E. T." box="[1147,1302,1855,1880]" journalOrPublisher="Fauna and geography Maldives and Laccadives Archipelagoes" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="54 - 57" part="2" refString="Browne E. T. 1905 a. Hydromedusae with a revision of the Williadae and Petasidae. Fauna and geography Maldives and Laccadives Archipelagoes. 2 (3): 722 - 749, pls 54 - 57." title="Hydromedusae with a revision of the Williadae and Petasidae" type="journal article" year="1905">Browne, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5CE21CFBC7F8A1F881F88E" blockId="3.[965,1302,1854,1912]" box="[1103,1165,1887,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">
<figureCitation id="37B42A59CF5CE21CFBC7F8A1F881F88E" box="[1103,1165,1887,1912]" captionStart="Fig. 3" captionStartId="4.[151,186,2025,2046]" captionTargetBox="[157,748,1550,2001]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,756,1534,2014]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Laodicea indica, schematic drawing after a preserved" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1013276/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5CE21CFCB7F873F897F854" ID-CoL="6NX26" authority="Browne, 1905 b: 136" authorityName="Browne" authorityPageNumber="136" authorityYear="1905" box="[831,1179,1933,1955]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5CE21CFCB7F873FFC3F854" box="[831,975,1933,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">Laodice indica</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFC5DF870F897F854" author="Browne E. T." box="[981,1179,1933,1955]" page="136" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFC5DF870F860F854" author="Browne E. T." box="[981,1132,1933,1955]" journalOrPublisher="Government of Ceylon on Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. 4 (Suppl. Rep." pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="1 - 4" part="27" refString="Browne E. T. 1905 b. Report on the medusae (Hydromedusae, Scyphomedusae and Ctenophora) collected by Prof. Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. In: Rep. Government of Ceylon on Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. 4 (Suppl. Rep. 27): 132 - 166, pls 1 - 4." title="Report on the medusae (Hydromedusae, Scyphomedusae and Ctenophora) collected by Prof. Herdman at Ceylon in 1902" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Rep" year="1905" yearSuffix="b">Browne, 1905b</bibRefCitation>
: 136
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</taxonomicName>
, pl. 1 fig. 5, pl. 4 figs 7-11.
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5CE21CFCB7F854FFD6F849" ID-CoL="3S84Q" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[831,986,1962,1983]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5CE21CFCB7F854FFD6F849" box="[831,986,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">Laodicea indica</emphasis>
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. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFC7DF855F893F849" author="Mayer A. G." box="[1013,1183,1962,1984]" page="202" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFC7DF855F87EF849" author="Mayer A. G." bookContentInfo="735 pp." box="[1013,1138,1962,1984]" journalOrPublisher="Carnegie Institution, Washington" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="1 - 76" publicationUrl="http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5996" refString="Mayer A. G. 1910. Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I &amp; II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. Carnegie Institution, Washington, 735 pp., plates 1 - 76. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5996" title="Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I &amp; II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III" type="book chapter" year="1910">Mayer, 1910</bibRefCitation>
: 202
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, synonym of
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5CE21CFA95F855F990F836" box="[1309,1436,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5CE21CFA95F855F984F836" ID-CoL="3S84M" authorityName="Forsskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[1309,1416,1963,1984]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cruciata">L. cruciata</taxonomicName>
. ‒
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFC03F836F835F82A" author="Kramp P. L." box="[907,1081,1991,2013]" page="268" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFC03F836F800F82A" author="Kramp P. L." box="[907,1036,1991,2013]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp, 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 268
</treatmentCitation>
,
<typeStatus id="7034887ECF5CE21CFBCAF836F867F82B" box="[1090,1131,1992,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="354">type</typeStatus>
specimen, synonymy. –
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFADCF836FFFFF80F" author="Kramp P. L." page="140" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1961">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFADCF836FFB2F80E" author="Kramp P. L." journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="1 - 469" part="40" refString="Kramp P. L. 1961. Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 40: 1 - 469." title="Synopsis of the medusae of the world" type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp, 1961</bibRefCitation>
: 140
</treatmentCitation>
. –
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFB9DF81AF8CEF80E" author="Kramp P. L." box="[1045,1218,2019,2041]" page="66" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFB9DF81AF897F80E" author="Kramp P. L." box="[1045,1179,2019,2041]" journalOrPublisher="Dana Report 72" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="1 - 200" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." title="The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III" type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 66
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 172. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFACAF81DFFF6F7E3" author="Bouillon J." page="152" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFACAF81DFFC5F7E0" author="Bouillon J." journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie Africaine" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="117 - 172" part="92" refString="Bouillon J. 1978 a. Hydromeduses de l'archipel des Sechelles et du Mozambique. Revue de Zoologie Africaine 92 (1): 117 - 172." title="Hydromeduses de l'archipel des Sechelles et du Mozambique" type="journal article" year="1978" yearSuffix="a">Bouillon, 1978a</bibRefCitation>
: 152
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 9. –
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5CE21CFBD3F7FEF919F7E3" author="Bouillon J." box="[1115,1301,2048,2070]" page="61" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5CE21CFBD3F7FEF8FDF7E0" author="Bouillon J." box="[1115,1265,2048,2070]" journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="354" pagination="25 - 112" part="1" refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." title="Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria)" type="journal article" year="1984">Bouillon, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 61
</treatmentCitation>
, revision, life cycle.
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFEABFEFDFD23FEEE" box="[291,303,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">‒</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFEBFFEFCFECAFEE1" author="Bouillon J. &amp; Boero F. &amp; Fraschetti S." box="[311,710,258,280]" page="151" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFEBFFEFCFE98FEEE" author="Bouillon J. &amp; Boero F. &amp; Fraschetti S." box="[311,660,258,280]" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia 216 - 217" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="151 - 157" refString="Bouillon J., Boero F., Fraschetti S. 1991. The life cycle of Laodicea indica (Laodiceidae, Leptomedusae, Cnidaria). Hydrobiologia 216 - 217: 151 - 157." title="The life cycle of Laodicea indica (Laodiceidae, Leptomedusae, Cnidaria)" type="book chapter" year="1991">Bouillon, Boero &amp; Fraschetti, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 151
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1-3, life cycle.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFEC5FEDFFE7C" blockId="4.[151,756,258,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F9F11F2CF5BE21BFF1FFEC5FEDFFE7C" bridged="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF1FFEC5FD9AFEA6" ID-CoL="6NX26" box="[151,406,315,338]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="fijiana" variety="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFEC5FD24FEA4" box="[151,296,315,338]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodice fijiana</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFED2FEC5FD9AFEA6" box="[346,406,315,336]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFE3EFEC2FE43FEA6" author="Maas O." box="[438,591,315,337]" page="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1905">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFE3EFEC2FE27FEA6" author="Maas O." box="[438,555,315,337]" journalOrPublisher="Siboga Expeditie" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 84" part="10" refString="Maas O. 1905. Die Craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expeditie. Siboga Expeditie 10: 1 - 84, pls 1 - 14." title="Die Craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expeditie" type="journal article" year="1905">Maas, 1905</bibRefCitation>
: 25
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 2 figs 14-15, pl. 5 figs 32-35. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFE1BFEA7FE48FE98" author="Kramp P. L." box="[403,580,344,366]" page="270" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFE1BFEA7FE19FE9B" author="Kramp P. L." box="[403,533,344,366]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp, 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 270
</treatmentCitation>
, is probably
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFD48FEA7FD00FE7C" ID-CoL="3S84Q" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFD48FEA7FD00FE7C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. [not
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFECDFE8BFEC0FE7C" ID-CoL="3S84P" authority="Agassiz &amp; Mayer, 1899" authorityName="Agassiz &amp; Mayer" authorityYear="1899" box="[325,716,373,395]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fijiana">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFECDFE8BFDEDFE7D" box="[325,481,373,395]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodicea fijiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFE6EFE8BFEC0FE7C" author="Agassiz A. &amp; Mayer A. G." box="[486,716,373,395]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="157 - 189" part="32" refString="Agassiz A., Mayer A. G. 1899. Acalephs from the Fiji Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College 32 (9): 157 - 189, pls 1 - 17." title="Acalephs from the Fiji Islands" type="journal article" year="1899">Agassiz &amp; Mayer, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
]
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFE6CFD32FE17" blockId="4.[151,756,258,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F9F11F2CF5BE21BFF1FFE6CFD32FE17" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF1FFE6CFDE2FE51" ID-CoL="3S84F" authority="Browne, 1907: 466" authorityName="Browne" authorityPageNumber="466" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,494,402,424]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maasii">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFE6CFD27FE5E" box="[151,299,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodice maasii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFEBAFE6DFDE2FE51" author="Browne E. T." box="[306,494,402,424]" page="466" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1907">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFEBAFE6DFDB2FE5E" author="Browne E. T." box="[306,446,403,424]" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="457 - 480" part="7" refString="Browne E. T. 1907. A revision of the medusae belonging to the Family Laodiceidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (7) 20: 457 - 480." title="A revision of the medusae belonging to the Family Laodiceidae" type="journal article" year="1907">Browne, 1907</bibRefCitation>
: 466
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, new name for
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFD0CFE6CFE05FE32" ID-CoL="6NX26" authority="in Maas, 1905" authorityName="in Maas" authorityYear="1905" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="fjiana" variety="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFD0CFE6CFD78FE32" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodice fjiana var. indica</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFE1DFE4EFE05FE32" author="Maas O." box="[405,521,431,453]" journalOrPublisher="Siboga Expeditie" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 84" part="10" refString="Maas O. 1905. Die Craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expeditie. Siboga Expeditie 10: 1 - 84, pls 1 - 14." title="Die Craspedoten Medusen der Siboga-Expeditie" type="journal article" year="1905">Maas, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFDAEFE4EFED5FE32" author="Kramp P. L." box="[550,729,431,453]" page="270" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFDAEFE4EFEA5FE32" author="Kramp P. L." box="[550,681,431,453]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp, 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 270
</treatmentCitation>
, is
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF6BFE33FD34FE16" ID-CoL="3S84Q" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[227,312,459,482]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF6BFE33FD34FE16" box="[227,312,459,482]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFE17FEB3FE08" blockId="4.[151,756,258,510]" box="[151,703,488,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="8F9F11F2CF5BE21BFF1FFE17FEB3FE08" box="[151,703,488,510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
?
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF20FE16FD5CFE08" box="[168,336,488,510]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF20FE16FD30FE08" box="[168,316,488,510]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fijiana">Laodice fijiana</taxonomicName>
. ‒
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFEDEFE17FDE2FE08" author="Maas O." box="[342,494,488,510]" page="89" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1906">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFEDEFE17FDC6FE0B" author="Maas O." box="[342,458,488,510]" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="81 - 107" part="14" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." title="Meduses d'Amboine" type="journal article" year="1906">Maas, 1906</bibRefCitation>
: 89
</treatmentCitation>
. ‒
<treatmentCitation id="2E2E10CDCF5BE21BFD81FE17FEB7FE08" author="Kramp P. L." box="[521,699,488,510]" page="270" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFD81FE17FE80FE0B" author="Kramp P. L." box="[521,652,488,510]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp, 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 270
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7956557CF5BE21BFF1FFDE8FD2AFCFB" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFDE8FD2AFCFB" blockId="4.[151,756,534,782]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFDE8FD76FDDB" bold="true" box="[151,378,534,557]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Material examined:</emphasis>
MHNG-INVE-25646;
<specimenCount id="B989FD55CF5BE21BFDF1FDE8FEF8FDDB" box="[633,756,534,558]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol, originally fixed in formalin; Seatoun jetty, Miramar Peninsula,
<collectingRegion id="6D4BF83ECF5BE21BFE4FFDA8FE4DFD9B" box="[455,577,598,621]" country="New Zealand" name="Wellington" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Wellington</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFDDDFDA9FEFCFD9B" box="[597,752,598,622]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CABB501BCF5BE21BFF1FFD88FD1AFD7B" box="[151,278,630,653]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" precision="1" value="-41.31855">41.31855°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="CABB501BCF5BE21BFEABFD88FDA9FD78" box="[291,421,630,654]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" precision="5" value="174.8304">174.8304°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="68779B39CF5BE21BFE77FD88FE44FD78" box="[511,584,630,654]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" unit="m" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0-2 m</quantity>
; date collected
<date id="DB31101CCF5BE21BFF1FFD68FD1FFD58" box="[151,275,662,686]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" value="1994-03-22">22.03.1994</date>
. ‒ MHNG-INVE-54671; 5 badly preserved specimens; Bay of
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFE18FD48FDE8FD3B" box="[400,484,694,717]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Ambon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFE75FD48FE66FD3B" box="[509,618,694,717]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFD0AFD48FEFCFD3B" box="[642,752,694,717]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; expedition Bedot &amp; Pictet 1890; material described in
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFF1FFD09FD2EFCFB" author="Maas O." box="[151,290,758,782]" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="81 - 107" part="14" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." title="Meduses d'Amboine" type="journal article" year="1906">Maas (1906)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7956557CF5BE21BFF1FFCDBFD9BFC6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFCDBFD9BFC6B" blockId="4.[151,756,805,925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFCDBFD1EFCCA" bold="true" box="[151,274,805,828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Like
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFEF2FCD8FE01FCCA" baseAuthorityName="Forbes &amp; Goodsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[378,525,805,829]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFEF2FCD8FE01FCCA" box="[378,525,805,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but Indo-Pacific occurrence, tentacle number in mature specimens lower with 30-200. For polyp stage see
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFDBFFC9BFEFCFC8B" author="Bouillon J." box="[567,752,869,893]" journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="25 - 112" part="1" refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." title="Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria)" type="journal article" year="1984">Bouillon (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, identical to
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFE9DFC78FD9CFC6A" baseAuthorityName="Forbes &amp; Goodsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[277,400,901,925]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFE9DFC78FD9CFC6A" box="[277,400,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7956557CF5BE21BFF1FFC4BF991FE4E" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFC4BFE86FADD" blockId="4.[151,757,948,1452]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFC4BFD06FC3B" bold="true" box="[151,266,949,973]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Remarks:</emphasis>
There is currently no trait known that would reliably distinguish
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFE4CFC2BFE24FC1D" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[452,552,980,1004]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFE4CFC2BFE24FC1D" box="[452,552,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Atlantic
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFC0BFD17FBFD" box="[151,283,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF1FFC0BFD1BFBFD" baseAuthorityName="Forbes &amp; Goodsir" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,279,1012,1036]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">L. undulata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Also the polyps appear identical (
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFD06FC0AFCDCFBDB" author="Bouillon J." journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="25 - 112" part="1" refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." title="Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria)" type="journal article" year="1984">Bouillon, 1984</bibRefCitation>
; but see
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFECDFBEAFE33FBDB" author="Bouillon J. &amp; Boero F. &amp; Fraschetti S." box="[325,575,1044,1069]" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia 216 - 217" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="151 - 157" refString="Bouillon J., Boero F., Fraschetti S. 1991. The life cycle of Laodicea indica (Laodiceidae, Leptomedusae, Cnidaria). Hydrobiologia 216 - 217: 151 - 157." title="The life cycle of Laodicea indica (Laodiceidae, Leptomedusae, Cnidaria)" type="book chapter" year="1991">
Bouillon
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFE3AFBEBFDFCFBDD" box="[434,496,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">et al.</emphasis>
, 1991
</bibRefCitation>
). Some authors (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFF51FBCBFD7CFBBB" author="Mayer A. G." bookContentInfo="735 pp." box="[217,368,1077,1101]" journalOrPublisher="Carnegie Institution, Washington" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 76" publicationUrl="http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.5996" refString="Mayer A. G. 1910. Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I &amp; II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. Carnegie Institution, Washington, 735 pp., plates 1 - 76. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5996" title="Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I &amp; II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III" type="book chapter" year="1910">Mayer, 1910</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFE0EFBCAFE39FBBB" author="Bouillon J." box="[390,565,1076,1101]" journalOrPublisher="Indo-Malayan Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="25 - 112" part="1" refString="Bouillon J. 1984. Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria). Indo-Malayan Zoology 1 (1): 25 - 112." title="Hydromeduses de la mer de Bismarck (Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinee). Partie IV: Leptomedusae (Hydrozoa - Cnidaria)" type="journal article" year="1984">Bouillon, 1984</bibRefCitation>
) have therefore synonymised the two names, but
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFD9AFBABFEA4FB9D" author="Kramp P. L." box="[530,680,1108,1132]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp (1953</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFD30FBAAFEFCFB9D" author="Kramp P. L." box="[696,752,1108,1131]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 469" part="40" refString="Kramp P. L. 1961. Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 40: 1 - 469." title="Synopsis of the medusae of the world" type="journal article" year="1961">1961</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFF1FFB8AFCC2FB7D" author="Kramp P. L." box="[151,206,1140,1163]" journalOrPublisher="Dana Report 72" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 200" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." title="The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III" type="book chapter" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
) continued to regard them as separate. I also refrained from synonymising the two because some preliminary molecular data indicate that the Pacific
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF1FFB2AFCF6FB1D" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,250,1236,1259]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF1FFB2AFCF6FB1D" box="[151,250,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be rather distinct from the Atlantic ones (10% difference of 16S sequence, unpublished, comp.
<accessionNumber id="B0DCAB3FCF5BE21BFF1FFAEAFD0FFADD" box="[151,259,1300,1323]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ550471" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">FJ550471</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="B0DCAB3FCF5BE21BFE86FAEAFD72FADD" box="[270,382,1300,1323]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JQ715946" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">JQ715946</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="B0DCAB3FCF5BE21BFE01FAEAFDF5FADD" box="[393,505,1300,1323]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JQ715947" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">JQ715947</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="B0DCAB3FCF5BE21BFD8CFAEAFE73FADD" box="[516,639,1300,1323]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KY363963" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">KY363963</accessionNumber>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FFACAFD3AFA5D" blockId="4.[151,757,948,1452]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
The medusa from
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFEE2FACBFDF2FABD" box="[362,510,1332,1356]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
had a relatively high number of tentacles (about 200), but which is only slightly higher than the maximal number of 180 given in
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFF1FFA6BFD3EFA5D" author="Kramp P. L." box="[151,306,1428,1452]" journalOrPublisher="Dana Report 72" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 200" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." title="The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III" type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp (1968)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="FBF06654CF5BE21BFF1FF817FEFEF808" box="[151,754,2025,2047]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1013276/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" targetBox="[157,748,1550,2001]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF1FF817FEFEF808" blockId="4.[151,754,2025,2076]" box="[151,754,2025,2047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
Fig. 3.
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFF6BF817FD8BF808" box="[227,391,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFF6BF817FD8EF808" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[227,386,2025,2046]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">Laodicea indica</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
schematic drawing after a preserved
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFF6BF7F8FE0CF7ED" blockId="4.[151,754,2025,2076]" box="[227,512,2054,2076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">specimen from New Zealand.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFCB7FEFCF991FE4E" blockId="4.[831,1437,258,441]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
The material identified by
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFBD5FEFDF8EAFEEF" author="Maas O." box="[1117,1254,258,282]" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="81 - 107" part="14" refString="Maas O. 1906. Meduses d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 14: 81 - 107." title="Meduses d'Amboine" type="journal article" year="1906">Maas (1906)</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFA82FEFDF960FEEC" box="[1290,1388,259,283]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodice" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fijiana">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFA82FEFDF960FEEC" box="[1290,1388,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. fijiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was re-examined for this study. It is not well preserved, but evidently the radial canals lack the diagnostic outgrowths which are characteristic for
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFBEEFE9FF91FFE8C" authorityName="Agassiz &amp; Mayer" authorityYear="1899" box="[1126,1299,353,378]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fijiana">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFBEEFE9FF91FFE8C" box="[1126,1299,353,378]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Laodicea fijiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFAC0FE9FFFE4FE6C" author="Agassiz A. &amp; Mayer A. G." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="157 - 189" part="32" refString="Agassiz A., Mayer A. G. 1899. Acalephs from the Fiji Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College 32 (9): 157 - 189, pls 1 - 17." title="Acalephs from the Fiji Islands" type="journal article" year="1899">Agassiz &amp; Mayer, 1899</bibRefCitation>
). The tentacle number is about 60 and it is likely
<taxonomicName id="688F4D5FCF5BE21BFC12FE5CFFF5FE4E" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1905" box="[922,1017,417,441]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Laodicea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFC12FE5CFFF5FE4E" box="[922,1017,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">L. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as already suspected by
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFB76FE5CF995FE4E" author="Kramp P. L." box="[1278,1433,417,441]" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="259 - 322" part="6" refString="Kramp P. L. 1953. Hydromedusae. Scientific Report of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition 6 (4): 259 - 322." title="Hydromedusae" type="journal article" year="1953">Kramp (1953)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7956557CF5BE21BFCB7FE2EFF98FDB0" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AF3036DCCF5BE21BFCB7FE2EFF98FDB0" blockId="4.[831,1436,464,582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="9DFBEACECF5BE21BFCB7FE2EFFDAFE11" bold="true" box="[831,982,464,487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Distribution:</emphasis>
Tropical to temperate regions of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="CB1E4B2DCF5BE21BFAC1FE0FFF75FDD1" author="Kramp P. L." journalOrPublisher="Dana Report 72" pageId="4" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 200" refString="Kramp P. L. 1968. The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III. Dana Report 72: 1 - 200." title="The hydromedusae of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sections II and III" type="book chapter" year="1968">Kramp, 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
<typeStatus id="7034887ECF5BE21BFC1BFDEFFFC5FDDF" box="[915,969,529,553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Mutwal Island,
<collectingRegion id="6D4BF83ECF5BE21BFB7FFDEFF97BFDDE" box="[1271,1399,528,552]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">West Coast</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="D798764CCF5BE21BFCB7FDD1FF83FDB0" box="[831,911,559,582]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="4" pageNumber="355">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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