669 lines
102 KiB
XML
669 lines
102 KiB
XML
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<document id="B762718288105C3050AF988F0A5EA2F1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4525775" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-RefBankID="FFB7FFA2FF95FFF4165CFF8EFFC6077C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525775" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612879640108" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Salvini-Plawen, Luitfried von" docDate="2008" docId="0394ED6FFFA80118EC34FBD2248DFD2C" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.30.4.873-897.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 30 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Simrothiella vasconiensis Salvini-Plawen 2008, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="883" masterDocId="FFAD9517FFA90112EF3CFF9C2008FFA3" masterDocTitle="Contributions to West European Cavibelonia (Mollusca, Solenogastres) with two new species" masterLastPageNumber="897" masterPageNumber="873" pageNumber="874" updateTime="1698869147205" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="A528F22429351987787D525488567296" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08080E9E3D509BAC2CD0F888F1A26A81">
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<mods:title id="D66BF1DED1DAE0827143804AECA28DDF">Contributions to West European Cavibelonia (Mollusca, Solenogastres) with two new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D514C4149E615F9B619C5E7D1F62CBAB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AE7EADCDED006B849382F9E38F16FC18">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AF23CA25BB57C36305AC578C756D22BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E2887918FDF6C2C30AEE40C0F9302E61">Salvini-Plawen, Luitfried von</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C13E13C9136C59442C523B8ACD5DBAD">Zoologie, Universität Wien, Althanstr. 14, A- 1090 Vienna (Austria) luitfried. salvini-plawen @ univie. ac. at</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0DEB564EEBF346C07C56FAE3931F1422">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1C7B5617DB1D90BB7731CE91D0AA3E96">
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<mods:title id="640498B60CCC5E34BC380E2C6954DE93">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F7EF4B129DEDA6F8A9A1419EA7AB5069">
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<mods:date id="0A087591712DD68698A1D9810A3029DF">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AD8163CE7BDFFDC05BEC3D19DD20C24D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="21754499586FA14F365F11AAD14FF531">30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="80C87BE94A7AFE26F865165AF5CC45A1" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F2FE5C826429E4B44E46A480E385BA4F">4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="7E215CD2F0D242CF8CE6F991CD059D0D">873</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="74012AC0D46941123228F93767A88B33">897</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="90E59F40037EDC404B73A5049FDCFC5A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B145CC22E6D55F67E801BC12B51E5B4D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4525775</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7E40F3AB576958009EA8EB6DDB7898CA" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="883D97C42856C979209F177C8A49B9AE" type="Zenodo-Dep">4525775</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="0394ED6FFFA80118EC34FBD2248DFD2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394ED6FFFA80118EC34FBD2248DFD2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394ED6FFFA80118EC34FBD2248DFD2C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="883" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
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<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFA80113EC34FBD2245FFBC9" box="[776,1111,1102,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113EC34FBD2245FFBC9" blockId="1.[776,1111,1102,1162]" box="[776,1111,1102,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
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<heading id="D0CAEB15FFA80113EC34FBD2245FFBC9" box="[776,1111,1102,1130]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA80113EC34FBD2241DFBCA" ID-CoL="4XG6W" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[776,1045,1102,1129]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B949806BFFA80113EC34FBD2241DFBCA" bold="true" box="[776,1045,1102,1129]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFA80113EB20FBD3245FFBC9" box="[1052,1111,1103,1130]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFA80113EC47FBF323ECFB29" box="[891,996,1135,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113EC47FBF323ECFB29" blockId="1.[776,1111,1102,1162]" box="[891,996,1135,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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(
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<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA80113ECBEFBF323D1FB29" box="[898,985,1135,1162]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStart-4="FIG" captionStart-5="FIG" captionStart-6="FIG" captionStart-7="FIG" captionStart-8="FIG" captionStartId-0="2.[113,124,1038,1055]" captionStartId-1="2.[677,688,829,846]" captionStartId-2="3.[113,124,1012,1029]" captionStartId-3="4.[113,124,882,899]" captionStartId-4="5.[113,124,1262,1279]" captionStartId-5="6.[113,124,1491,1508]" captionStartId-6="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionStartId-7="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionStartId-8="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox-0="[115,644,215,993]" captionTargetBox-1="[679,1208,217,788]" captionTargetBox-2="[117,1206,214,971]" captionTargetBox-3="[121,1204,217,844]" captionTargetBox-4="[120,619,217,1220]" captionTargetBox-5="[117,1206,215,1453]" captionTargetBox-6="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetBox-7="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetBox-8="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@2.[115,645,214,993]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@2.[674,1211,213,794]" captionTargetId-2="figure-13@3.[117,1206,214,971]" captionTargetId-3="figure-14@4.[111,1212,213,842]" captionTargetId-4="figure-13@5.[111,648,213,1226]" captionTargetId-5="figure-14@6.[117,1206,214,1453]" captionTargetId-6="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetId-7="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetId-8="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionTargetPageId-4="5" captionTargetPageId-5="6" captionTargetPageId-6="7" captionTargetPageId-7="8" captionTargetPageId-8="9" captionText-0="FIG. 1. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp.:A, holotype in preserved state (posterior end below), 6.5 mm long; B, submature paratype 2 in preserved state (anterior end left), 5 mm long." captionText-1="FIG. 2. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., mantle sclerites. Scale bar: 50 μm." captionText-2="FIG. 3. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross section through beginning mantle cavity opening showing the calcareous pallial hook (paratype 2). Abbreviations: cu, mantle cuticle; ho, pallial hook; mc, mantle cavity. Scale bar: 25 μm." captionText-3="FIG. 4. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the anterior body viewed from left. Abbreviations: ao, atrial sense organ; bg, buccal ganglion;ca, midgut caecum;fo, pedal fold (foot);gc, cerebral ganglion;gl, lateroventral foregut glandular organ;ma, mantle; mg, midgut; ph, pharynx; pi, pedal pit; ras, radula sheath; vrs, ventral radula sack. Scale bar: 100 μm." captionText-4="FIG. 5. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., radula, one right plate. Scale bar: 50 μm." captionText-5="FIG. 6. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., right portion of cross section through pharynx just anterior of its transition into midgut with narrow duct of latero-ventral foregut glandular organ opening laterally (paratype 1). Abbreviations: du, outleading duct of foregut glands (gl); ra, radula plate; rad, cross sectioned long, lateral radula denticles. Scale bar: 50 μm." captionText-6="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." captionText-7="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral
|
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)
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFA80113ED99FB3F23A6FA37" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="materials_examined">
|
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|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113ED99FB3F23DDFB76" blockId="1.[675,1210,1187,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B555624FFA80113ED99FB3F23DDFB76" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" specimenCode="MNHN 9833" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
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<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFA80113ED99FB3F2304FB1A" box="[677,780,1187,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
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. — Sclerites, section series on slides; midbody 2 × in araldite (
|
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<specimenCode id="DB9BF402FFA80113EC05FB2123C2FB76" box="[825,970,1213,1237]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">MNHN 9833</specimenCode>
|
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).
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113ED99FB742418FAEC" blockId="1.[675,1210,1187,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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|
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<materialsCitation id="3B555624FFA80113ED99FB7424BCFAB9" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" specimenCode="MNCN 15.02" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
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|
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<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFA80113ED99FB74230FFB5D" box="[677,775,1256,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
|
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. — 1) Cap Breton 88, stn DE 07, section series on slides, midbody 2 × in araldite (
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<specimenCode id="DB9BF402FFA80113ECD8FA9E2479FAB9" box="[996,1137,1282,1306]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="Museum">MNCN 15.02</specimenCode>
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/0017)
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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; 2) Cap Breton 88, stn DE 07, section series on slides;
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B555624FFA80113ED99FAAB2403FAEC" box="[677,1035,1335,1359]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" specimenCode="MNHN 9834" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
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midbody in araldite (
|
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<specimenCode id="DB9BF402FFA80113EC4FFAAB240DFAEC" box="[883,1029,1335,1359]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">MNHN 9834</specimenCode>
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)
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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|
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.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113ED99FAFE23A6FA37" blockId="1.[675,1210,1187,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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<collectionCode id="ED2CC4BCFFA80113ED99FAFE233CFADB" box="[677,820,1378,1401]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">TYPE LOCALITY</collectionCode>
|
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. — Southwestern
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<collectingCountry id="F32A1CE9FFA80113ECDAFAFE2421FAD9" box="[998,1065,1378,1402]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">France</collectingCountry>
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, Atlantic coast, Cap Breton 88, stn DE 05.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFA80110ED99FA342142F9AB" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="875" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="etymology">
|
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|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113ED99FA3423ABFA57" blockId="1.[675,1210,1187,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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ETYMOLOGY. — Referring to the ancient name
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA80113EB54FA3424B1FA1C" authorityName="Folin" authorityYear="1873" box="[1128,1209,1448,1471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Galeommatidae" genus="Vasconia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B949806BFFA80113EB54FA3424B1FA1C" box="[1128,1209,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">Vasconia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for the Basque area bordering the southeastern golfe de Gascogne (Bay of Biscay).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA80113ED99F99423C9F900" blockId="1.[675,1210,1187,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
|
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<emphasis id="B949806BFFA80113ECE7F99B242AF9BC" bold="true" box="[987,1058,1543,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">
|
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<collectingCountry id="F32A1CE9FFA80113ECE7F99B2417F9BC" box="[987,1055,1543,1567]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="874">France</collectingCountry>
|
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.
|
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</emphasis>
|
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Cap Breton 88, stn DE 05,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE093ABEFFA80113EC30F9BD2376F99A" box="[780,894,1569,1593]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="57.42" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" precision="9" value="43.957">43°57.42’N</geoCoordinate>
|
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|
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,
|
|||
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<geoCoordinate id="EE093ABEFFA80113ECBAF9BD23F1F99A" box="[902,1017,1569,1593]" degrees="02" direction="west" minutes="05.16" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" precision="9" value="-2.086">02°05.16’W</geoCoordinate>
|
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|
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,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA80113EB3DF9BD2448F99A" box="[1025,1088,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" unit="m" value="164.0">164 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
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,
|
|||
|
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<date id="FF837AB9FFA80113EB74F9BD24BCF99A" box="[1096,1204,1569,1593]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" value="1988-07-05">5.VII.1988</date>
|
|||
|
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, Jean-Claude Sorbe and Serge Gofas,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D3B97F0FFA80113EB3CF9A02489F9F7" box="[1024,1153,1596,1620]" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
(incl. 6 larger fragments), mostly rolled up (MNHN). — Same data, stn DE 07,
|
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|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE093ABEFFA80113EC6FF9ED23C2F92A" box="[851,970,1649,1673]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="58.65" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" precision="9" value="43.9775">43°58.65’N</geoCoordinate>
|
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|
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,
|
|||
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE093ABEFFA80113ECEAF9ED2446F92A" box="[982,1102,1649,1673]" degrees="02" direction="west" minutes="05.27" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" precision="9" value="-2.0878334">02°05.27’W</geoCoordinate>
|
|||
|
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,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA80113EB66F9ED2496F92A" box="[1114,1182,1649,1673]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D3B97F0FFA80113EB97F9ED2301F900" pageId="1" pageNumber="874" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|||
|
|
(incl. a fragment).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAB0110ED99FCA1230DFCC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525777/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" startId="2.[677,688,829,846]" targetBox="[679,1208,217,788]" targetPageId="2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FCA1230DFCC7" blockId="2.[677,1209,828,868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 2. —
|
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|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAB0110EDCFFCA023CAFCEE" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[755,962,828,845]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110EDCFFCA023CAFCEE" box="[755,962,828,845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAB0110ECFBFCA123F1FCED" box="[967,1017,829,846]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle sclerites. Scale bar: 50 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAB0110EF4DFB92221AFBEF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525779/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" startId="2.[113,124,1038,1055]" targetBox="[115,644,215,993]" targetPageId="2">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110EF4DFB92221AFBEF" blockId="2.[112,647,1037,1100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 1. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAB0110EF80FB912180FBBD" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[188,392,1037,1054]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110EF80FB912180FBBD" box="[188,392,1037,1054]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAB0110EEB0FB9221B4FBBC" box="[396,444,1038,1055]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110EEFDFB9121C6FBBD" bold="true" box="[449,462,1037,1054]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, holotype in preserved state (posterior end below), 6.5 mm long;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110EEF4FBB821DDFB96" bold="true" box="[456,469,1060,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, submature paratype 2 in preserved state (anterior end left), 5 mm long.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110EFB4FBE120C7FAB9" blockId="2.[112,648,1149,1544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
The body ends of two specimens from each station were serially cross-sectioned (cs
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EEA0FB0421FEFB13" box="[412,502,1176,1200]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) in araldite and stained with toluidine blue. One fragment from DE 05 was manually dissected for preparation of the radula apparatus by histolysing tissues with bleach (hypochlorite solution).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110EFB4FA802142F9AB" blockId="2.[112,648,1149,1544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
Material examined for comparison:
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAB0110EEEFFA8021C0FAEC" authority="(Koren & Danielssen, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110EEEFFA8020B8FAED" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Simrothiella margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(Koren & Danielssen, 1977)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
of
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC2188FFAB0110EED9FAAB228EFAEC" author="ODHNER N." box="[485,646,1335,1359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref10832" refString="ODHNER N. 1921. - Norwegian Solenogastres. Bergens Museums Aarbok 1918 - 1919 3: 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner’s (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
section series (SMNH 4731) was examined: 4731:1 (half anterior end, cs
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EE6FFAF72186FA20" box="[339,398,1387,1411]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), 4731:2a-c (cs
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110ED09FAF72274FA20" box="[565,636,1387,1411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), 4731: 3a-c (posterior body, cs
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EE94FA1A21D7FA3D" box="[424,479,1414,1438]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) and 4731:4a, b (ls
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EFACFA3C20CCFA1B" box="[144,196,1440,1464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EFC9FA3C2130FA1B" box="[245,312,1440,1464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
); the series 4731:1 and 4731:3 are not complete, but series 4731:2 and 4731:4 should be regarded as part of the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFAB0110EE6FFA492175FA4E" box="[339,381,1493,1517]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
material of this species (cf. Salvini-Plawen 2004).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFAB0110EF4DF9BE23AFFB91" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110EF4DF9BE228CF900" blockId="2.[111,647,1569,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
DIAGNOSIS. — Up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EE0BF9BD2188F99A" box="[311,384,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long. Mantle with epidermis papillae. Single pedal fold does not enter mantle cavity; a strong pallial hook at both sides of anterior cavity opening; mantle cavity with paired ventro-anterior pouch or sack, respiratory organs papilla-like or missing. Radula plates
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FC0923AFFB91" blockId="2.[675,1210,917,1074]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">with 15 heterogeneous distal denticles; radula support (bolster, odontophore) with turgescent vesicles; midgut caecum frontally paired. Supra-rectal commissure short. Spawning ducts with a blind central portion before their junction. At each side a long copulatory stylet and a short, more scaly element.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C3270FF2FFAB0118ED99FBD3248DFD2C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="883" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" type="description">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FBD3233DFBC4" blockId="2.[675,1212,1103,1383]" box="[677,821,1103,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FBF2237EFB2B" blockId="2.[675,1212,1103,1383]" box="[677,886,1134,1160]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110ED99FBF2237EFB2B" box="[677,886,1134,1160]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">External appearance</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FB12242EFAC4" blockId="2.[675,1212,1103,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
Up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EDDAFB122332FB0A" box="[742,826,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, fairly tubular, but anterior part of the body somewhat wider, posterior part may be club-shaped; in preserved state often rolled up (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAB0110ED90FB712309FAAB" box="[684,769,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[113,124,1038,1055]" captionTargetBox="[115,644,215,993]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[115,645,214,993]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp.:A, holotype in preserved state (posterior end below), 6.5 mm long; B, submature paratype 2 in preserved state (anterior end left), 5 mm long." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525779/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Sclerites almost adjacent but causing a slightly uneven outline. Closer inspection reveals multilayered, intercrossing spicules; body openings inconspicuous, pedal groove visible.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0110ED99FA1022F8FA05" blockId="2.[674,1212,1420,1700]" box="[677,752,1420,1446]" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAB0110ED99FA1022F8FA05" box="[677,752,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Mantle</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAB0111ED99FA372243FB29" blockId="2.[674,1212,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="3.[111,647,1103,1162]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="876" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">
|
|||
|
|
Epithelium
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EC16FA372385FA65" box="[810,909,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6-12 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
thick; with several slender papillae, distal “head” up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110ECE6FA57242AFA45" box="[986,1058,1483,1510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
diam.; cuticle
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110ED9AFA7722E1F9A5" box="[678,745,1515,1542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(ventrally) to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EC49FA7723B0F9A5" box="[885,952,1515,1542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
thick. Sclerites consisting of acicular hollow needles, slightly curved or straight or bent, 70-170 ×
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EC5FF9B623B7F9E6" box="[867,959,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="7.0">7-14 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAB0110ECF1F9B62404F9E6" box="[973,1036,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[677,688,829,846]" captionTargetBox="[679,1208,217,788]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[674,1211,213,794]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 2. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., mantle sclerites. Scale bar: 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525777/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="875">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); they are thickwalled (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110EDCBF9D6237AF9C6" box="[759,882,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5-3.5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) in cross section, yielding only a
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAB0110ED89F9F5230BF927" box="[693,771,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="875" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4-7 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide cavity, and intercross in two or three layers.Ventrally, lateral to the pedal groove, the hollow needles measure only 40 ×
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAA0111EE41FBD321BDFBC9" box="[381,437,1103,1130]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
; adjacent to the foot, there are knife-blade scales (45-60 ×
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAA0111EEC8FBF32237FB29" box="[500,575,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAA0111EF4DFC6823BDFBB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525781/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" startId="3.[113,124,1012,1029]" targetBox="[117,1206,214,971]" targetPageId="3">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAA0111EF4DFC6823BDFBB8" blockId="3.[113,1209,1011,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 3. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAA0111EFFCFC6F2186FBA7" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[192,398,1011,1028]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAA0111EFFCFC6F2186FBA7" box="[192,398,1011,1028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAA0111EEAFFC6821CDFBA6" box="[403,453,1012,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, cross section through beginning mantle cavity opening showing the calcareous pallial hook (paratype 2). Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAA0111EE67FB962179FBB8" bold="true" box="[347,369,1034,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">cu</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle cuticle;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAA0111EEC6FB962218FBB8" bold="true" box="[506,528,1034,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">ho</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pallial hook;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAA0111EDBFFB962297FBB8" bold="true" box="[643,671,1034,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">mc</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle cavity. Scale bar: 25 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAA0111EF4DFB332156FB6B" blockId="3.[111,649,1198,1700]" box="[113,350,1198,1224]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAA0111EF4DFB332156FB6B" box="[113,350,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">Foot and mantle cavity</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAA0111EF4DFB52223BF9C6" blockId="3.[111,649,1198,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">
|
|||
|
|
Pedal pit shallow, posteriorly bilobed; middorsal roof continues into one low pedal fold, which ends anterior to the opening of the mantle cavity proper, separated by a small pit with folded epithelium (not continuous with the pedal fold). Pedal gland consists of two different glandular cell
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFAA0111EF4DFA1020A0FA04" box="[113,168,1420,1447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">types</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
densely grouped together: first, pale-stained cells of reticulate appearance, which open frontally and laterally into pedal pit; second, cells with dense, deeply stained granula opening dorsally into pit. The latter
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFAA0111EFE2F9962104F986" box="[222,268,1546,1573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
continues in paired arrangement as smaller sole glands along pedal groove, where they open intercellularly within the pedal fold.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAA0116EFB4F9F5212FFB6A" blockId="3.[111,649,1198,1700]" lastBlockId="4.[111,648,1008,1542]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="877" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">
|
|||
|
|
Mantle cavity opening entirely ventral, epithelium in posterior half of mantle cavity of submature specimens (DE 07) ciliated and provided with symmetrical arrangement of 11-15 lateral and dorsoterminal, stout and rather papilla-like respiratory organs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAA0111EDC5FB322345FB6A" box="[761,845,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Th ese are about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAA0111EB32FB32245CFB6A" box="[1038,1108,1198,1225]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long and have a
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAA0111EDCEFB522357FB4A" box="[754,863,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="876" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30-40 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
basal diameter, and are distally and laterally ciliated; each organ has two intruding muscle strands. Th is area is loosely overlain by suprapallial glands. In the two fully mature specimens (DE 05), however, only the terminal cavity shows – over a short distance – what appear to be free papillae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAA0111EC0BFA102383FA04" box="[823,907,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Th e epithelium of the latter, however, consists of large gland cells and no ciliation is visible; these gland cells are anteriorly continuous with the densely packed suprapallial glands (extending to the pericardium). These mature specimens, therefore, lack true respiratory organs. Central mantle cavity without lateral ciliation and forming a pair of lateral, dorso-ventrally oval pouchings (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAA0111EC72F9152385F907" box="[846,909,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="876">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, pp); in the two fully mature specimens these are lined by
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EE92FC6C2213FBA8" box="[430,539,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
high epithelial glands (the “sac-formed glands” in
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC2188FFAD0116ED0CFB8C20DAFBE9" author="ODHNER N." pageId="4" pageNumber="877" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref10832" refString="ODHNER N. 1921. - Norwegian Solenogastres. Bergens Museums Aarbok 1918 - 1919 3: 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner 1921: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, yet not really glandular in SMNH 4731). The ciliated rectum opens medio-dorsally. A strong, calcareous pallial hook with proximal excavation is differentiated at both sides of the anterior cavity opening (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116EFE4FB322110FB6A" box="[216,280,1198,1225]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[113,124,1012,1029]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,971]" captionTargetId="figure-13@3.[117,1206,214,971]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 3. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross section through beginning mantle cavity opening showing the calcareous pallial hook (paratype 2). Abbreviations: cu, mantle cuticle; ho, pallial hook; mc, mantle cavity. Scale bar: 25 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525781/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAD0116EF4DFCEE23CCFC13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" startId="4.[113,124,882,899]" targetBox="[121,1204,217,844]" targetPageId="4">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116EF4DFCEE23CCFC13" blockId="4.[112,1211,881,944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 4. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAD0116EFF8FCED219CFC21" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[196,404,881,898]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EFF8FCED219CFC21" box="[196,404,881,898]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAD0116EEA7FCEE21C6FC20" box="[411,462,882,899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, organization of the anterior body viewed from left. Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116ECC2FCED241CFC21" bold="true" box="[1022,1044,881,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">ao</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, atrial sense organ;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EF4EFC142080FC3A" bold="true" box="[114,136,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">bg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, buccal ganglion;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EE26FC142127FC3A" bold="true" box="[282,303,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">ca</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, midgut caecum;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EE83FC1421D8FC3A" bold="true" box="[447,464,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">fo</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pedal fold (foot);
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116ED63FC14227DFC3A" bold="true" box="[607,629,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">gc</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, cerebral ganglion;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EC2FFC14232BFC3A" bold="true" box="[787,803,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">gl</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateroventral foregut glandular organ;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EB65FC14247CFC3A" bold="true" box="[1113,1140,904,921]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">ma</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EF4CFC022084FC0C" bold="true" box="[112,140,926,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">mg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, midgut;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EFE7FC0220F9FC0C" bold="true" box="[219,241,926,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">ph</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pharynx;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EE75FC022151FC0C" bold="true" box="[329,345,926,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">pi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pedal pit;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EE8BFC0221DBFC0C" bold="true" box="[439,467,926,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">ras</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, radula sheath;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116ED65FC02227CFC0C" bold="true" box="[601,628,926,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">vrs</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral radula sack. Scale bar: 100 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116EFB4FB522163F9A5" blockId="4.[111,648,1008,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
The mantle cavity continues anteriorly to its opening, and the dorsal space forms a short, transversely separated (genital) pouch; the copulatory stylet sheaths open laterally. Ventrally, a characteristic, paired pouch or paired irregular sack opens; this paired sack extends anteriorly (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116EEFDFAF0220DFA24" box="[449,517,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116ED2DFAF02229FA24" box="[529,545,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 9. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct: A, in the submature paratype 2; B, in the holotype. Abbreviations: cs1, strong, inner copulatory stylet; cs2, lateral, short copulatory stylet; du, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;go, gonad;gp, genital pouch of mantle cavity;hg, hindgut;mc, mantle cavity;nsl, lateral nerve cord; op, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch; pc, pericardium; pd, pericardioduct; sd, spawning duct; vp, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, vp). The dorsal (genital) pouch is dorsally ciliated only; at its anterior end it receives, from ventral, the narrow opening of the central portion of the unpaired spawning duct (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116EE20FA772155F9A5" box="[284,349,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 9. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct: A, in the submature paratype 2; B, in the holotype. Abbreviations: cs1, strong, inner copulatory stylet; cs2, lateral, short copulatory stylet; du, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;go, gonad;gp, genital pouch of mantle cavity;hg, hindgut;mc, mantle cavity;nsl, lateral nerve cord; op, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch; pc, pericardium; pd, pericardioduct; sd, spawning duct; vp, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116EF4DF9B620F9F9E7" blockId="4.[111,647,1578,1700]" box="[113,241,1578,1604]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116EF4DF9B620F9F9E7" box="[113,241,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Musculature</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116EF4DF9D6228CF907" blockId="4.[111,647,1578,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Body wall musculature inconspicuous, paired ventral reinforcement of longitudinal layer (used to roll up) distinct, wide. Dorso-ventral bundles moderate,</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116ED9AFC6C235CFBE9" blockId="4.[675,1211,1008,1098]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
close to body wall. Strong and voluminous radula musculature; copulatory stylets with strong muscle bundles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116EC3AFBB3234EFBE9" box="[774,838,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral nerve cord; pd, pericardio-duct; sd, spawning duct; sdp, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116ED99FBF3233EFB2B" blockId="4.[675,1212,1135,1700]" box="[677,822,1135,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAD0116ED99FBF3233EFB2B" box="[677,822,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Sensory system</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAD0116ED99FB122351F907" blockId="4.[675,1212,1135,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">
|
|||
|
|
The unpaired cerebral ganglion (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EB19FB1224B1FB0A" box="[1061,1209,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="170.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="160.0">160-180 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide,
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EDDBFB322338FB6A" box="[743,816,1198,1225]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
high) is slightly bilobed posteriorly and releases laterally the three pairs of connectives separately; two pairs of latero-frontal cerebral nerves begin with a distinct ganglionic swelling. Each (first) lateral ganglion is voluminous and located close to the cerebral ganglion. Elongate ventral ganglia (diam.
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EC9FFAF023E6FA24" box="[931,1006,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) behind the pedal pit interconnected by two commissures. Buccal ganglia (diam.
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EC79FA3723B9FA65" box="[837,945,1451,1478]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30-35 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) lateral to opening of the pharynx into the midgut (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAD0116EC8DFA5723F8FA45" box="[945,1008,1483,1510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[113,124,882,899]" captionTargetBox="[121,1204,217,844]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[111,1212,213,842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 4. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the anterior body viewed from left. Abbreviations: ao, atrial sense organ; bg, buccal ganglion;ca, midgut caecum;fo, pedal fold (foot);gc, cerebral ganglion;gl, lateroventral foregut glandular organ;ma, mantle; mg, midgut; ph, pharynx; pi, pedal pit; ras, radula sheath; vrs, ventral radula sack. Scale bar: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525783/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="877">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); their commissure runs between midgut and beginning radula sheath. The lateral cords are sparsely, the ventral cords more regularly provided with nuclei (medullar). Medullar suprarectal commissure rather short (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116ED93F9F52312F927" box="[687,794,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="60.0">60-80 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
× diam.
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAD0116EC49F9F523EBF927" box="[885,995,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="877" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15-20 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), positioned directly behind the anus.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAC0117EF4DFB72210DFAB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525785" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" startId="5.[113,124,1262,1279]" targetBox="[120,619,217,1220]" targetPageId="5">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0117EF4DFB72210DFAB5" blockId="5.[113,648,1262,1302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 5. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAC0117EFFCFB722187FB5C" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[192,399,1262,1279]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAC0117EFFCFB722187FB5C" box="[192,399,1262,1279]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAC0117EEA8FB7221CEFB5C" box="[404,454,1262,1279]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, radula, one right plate. Scale bar: 50 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0117EFB4FAD020C5F9E6" blockId="5.[111,648,1356,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
Atrial (vestibular) sense organ short with densely arranged slender papillae (diam.
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EEF6FAF02223FA24" box="[458,555,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7-10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
), basally united in groups of up to four. “Horseshoe-shaped” ciliary tract incomplete: it begins unpaired at midpoint of organ extension and then runs pairedly posterio-ventrally to end of the common atriobuccal opening; ventral tracts patchy, anteriorly missing.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0117EFB4F9D620C9F907" blockId="5.[111,648,1356,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
Dorso-terminal sense organ prominent at dorsal end of body (behind end of mantle cavity;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAC0117EF48F91520BBF907" box="[116,179,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0117ED99FF442346FF51" blockId="5.[674,1212,216,1700]" box="[677,846,216,242]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAC0117ED99FF442346FF51" box="[677,846,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Alimentary tract</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0117ED99FF642382FA04" blockId="5.[674,1212,216,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
The foregut epithelium begins immediately adjacent to the atrial ciliary tract, dorso-posteriorly within the common atrio-buccal cavity. Due to longitudinal folding, the foregut epithelium (with moderate cuticle) appears to be papillate; it is loosely underlain by circular, longitudinal and radial muscles. Pharynx widened and strongly cuticularised, anterio-laterally pouched to house the distal portion of the strong lateral radula denticles. Anterior pharynx underlain by subepithelial, intercellularly opening glandular cells (pharyngeal glands), most densely laterodorsally; posterior pharynx with increased dorsal and lateral (radula-)musculature. Radula apparatus consists of sheath (
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EC5DFD0F23EFFD0D" box="[865,999,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="425.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="400.0">400-450 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) and paired, ventroposteriorly bending sack, which exceeds the sheath by about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EC38FD4F2380FD4D" box="[772,904,723,750]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="225.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="150.0">150-300 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAC0117ECA9FD4F23DBFD4D" box="[917,979,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[113,124,882,899]" captionTargetBox="[121,1204,217,844]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[111,1212,213,842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 4. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the anterior body viewed from left. Abbreviations: ao, atrial sense organ; bg, buccal ganglion;ca, midgut caecum;fo, pedal fold (foot);gc, cerebral ganglion;gl, lateroventral foregut glandular organ;ma, mantle; mg, midgut; ph, pharynx; pi, pedal pit; ras, radula sheath; vrs, ventral radula sack. Scale bar: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525783/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; total length of radula apparatus in the investigated specimens therefore
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117ED9AFC8E233CFC8E" box="[678,820,786,813]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="625.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="500.0">500-750 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
); ventral sacks embedded in radula musculature along almost their entire length. In the sectioned specimens, the ventral sacks show an additional transverse leg (about 270°) distally in the U-shaped medial bend (of about 180°); the bends at each side are arranged above each other. Radula sheath paired for most of its extension towards pharynx, proximally unpaired (in cs U-shaped). Plates of biserial radula in pharynx
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EB00FB8C24B3FB88" box="[1084,1211,1040,1067]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="95.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="90.0">90-100 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide and
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EC2CFBB32374FBE9" box="[784,892,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="25.0">25-40 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
high, with a maximum of 15 denticles (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAC0117EC29FBD32351FBC9" box="[789,857,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1262,1279]" captionTargetBox="[120,619,217,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[111,648,213,1226]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., radula, one right plate. Scale bar: 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
): a strong lateral denticle up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117ED9AFBF322F7FB29" box="[678,767,1135,1162]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long, 12 heterogeneous denticles at the distal border (not being precisely aligned and two of them possess a double cusp which is poorly visible in sections), and two small denticles somewhat below the border at the face (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAC0117ECF0FB712401FAAB" box="[972,1033,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1262,1279]" captionTargetBox="[120,619,217,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[111,648,213,1226]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 5. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., radula, one right plate. Scale bar: 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). In distal ventral sacks, the radula plates measure 30-40 ×
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAC0117EB51FA9124B0FA8B" box="[1133,1208,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
and still have about 15 rather homogeneous, small denticles. Radula support (bolster, odontophore) muscular, posteriorly with four pairs of differently sized turgescent cells.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAC0114ED87FA37215DF907" blockId="5.[674,1212,216,1700]" lastBlockId="6.[113,648,1610,1700]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="879" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">
|
|||
|
|
Lateroventral foregut glandular organs are elongate-bulbous, surrounded by a thin lamina (reinforced basal membrane?) and embedded within radular musculature. Elongate gland cells epithelial, with main cell bodies longitudinally arranged (modified
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFAC0117ECB5F9D623B1F9C6" box="[905,953,1610,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="878">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
C; cf. Todt 2006); secretion of large granula or droplets. Each organ distally with distinct central lumen; narrow duct (about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFAF0114EFFAF9D6211AF9C6" box="[198,274,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="879" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long) of pharyngeal epithelium opens laterally just anterior of pharynx transition into midgut (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFAF0114EE39F915214FF907" box="[261,327,1673,1700]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1491,1508]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,215,1453]" captionTargetId="figure-14@6.[117,1206,214,1453]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 6. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., right portion of cross section through pharynx just anterior of its transition into midgut with narrow duct of latero-ventral foregut glandular organ opening laterally (paratype 1). Abbreviations: du, outleading duct of foregut glands (gl); ra, radula plate; rad, cross sectioned long, lateral radula denticles. Scale bar: 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAF0114EF4DFA4F2350F9B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="879" startId="6.[113,124,1491,1508]" targetBox="[117,1206,215,1453]" targetPageId="6">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAF0114EF4DFA4F2350F9B1" blockId="6.[112,1210,1491,1554]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 6. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAF0114EFFDFA4F2198FA47" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[193,400,1491,1508]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="879" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAF0114EFFDFA4F2198FA47" box="[193,400,1491,1508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAF0114EEA9FA4F21CFFA47" box="[405,455,1491,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, right portion of cross section through pharynx just anterior of its transition into midgut with narrow duct of latero-ventral foregut glandular organ opening laterally (paratype 1). Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAF0114ECB1FA7623ABFA58" bold="true" box="[909,931,1514,1531]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">du</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, outleading duct of foregut glands (
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAF0114EF49F99C208DF9B2" bold="true" box="[117,133,1536,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">gl</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
);
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAF0114EFA8F99C20AEF9B2" bold="true" box="[148,166,1536,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">ra</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, radula plate;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAF0114EE21F99C2132F9B2" bold="true" box="[285,314,1536,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">rad</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, cross sectioned long, lateral radula denticles. Scale bar: 50 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAF011BED87F9D62204FB6A" blockId="6.[674,1209,1610,1700]" lastBlockId="9.[112,648,1040,1225]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="882" pageId="6" pageNumber="879">
|
|||
|
|
Oesophagus lacking. Pharynx opens directly into midgut above beginning of the radula sheath.Midgut with short caecum, anteriorly paired. Dorsoventral muscle bundles run close to body wall, forming only weak midgut pouches. Middorsal ciliary tract continues in ciliation of hindgut. Posterior lumen of midgut and hindgut in one specimen of station DE 07 (
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFA0011BEFF1FB122125FB0A" box="[205,301,1166,1193]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
1) was filled with an elongate, compact, non-cnidarian piece of prey.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFAE0115EF4DF9AA2151F902" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="880" startId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" targetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" targetPageId="7">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFAE0115EF4DF9AA2151F902" blockId="7.[113,1211,1589,1697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 7. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFAE0115EFF8F9A9219CF9E5" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[196,404,1589,1606]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="880" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EFF8F9A9219CF9E5" box="[196,404,1589,1606]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFAE0115EEA6F9AA21C5F9E4" box="[410,461,1590,1607]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, organization of the posterior body:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EDC0F9A92301F9E5" bold="true" box="[764,777,1589,1606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, of a submature specimen viewed from left;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EBBDF9A92486F9E5" bold="true" box="[1153,1166,1589,1606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115ED0DF9D0224FF9FE" bold="true" box="[561,583,1612,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">co</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, suprarectal commissure;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EC1CF9D0233DF9FE" bold="true" box="[800,821,1612,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">cs</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, copulatory stylet sheath;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EB30F9D0242BF9FE" bold="true" box="[1036,1059,1612,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">go</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, gonad;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EB56F9D02488F9FE" bold="true" box="[1130,1152,1612,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">ho</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pallial hook;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EF99F9FF20C9F9D7" bold="true" box="[165,193,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">ma</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EE32F9FF2122F9D7" bold="true" box="[270,298,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">mg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, midgut;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EE45F9FF2187F9D7" bold="true" box="[377,399,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">pa</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, papillae;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EED9F9FF21F3F9D7" bold="true" box="[485,507,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">pc</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pericardium (with heart);
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EDE8F9FF22E3F9D7" bold="true" box="[724,747,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">pp</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateral pallial pouch;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EC9CF9FF23BAF9D7" bold="true" box="[928,946,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">re</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, rectum;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EB3DF9FF241BF9D7" bold="true" box="[1025,1043,1635,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">ro</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, respiratory organs;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EF4DF9E5208AF929" bold="true" box="[113,130,1657,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">rs</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, receptaculum seminis;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EE68F9E52162F929" bold="true" box="[340,362,1657,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">sd</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, spawning duct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EEC2F9E5221CF929" bold="true" box="[510,532,1657,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">so</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, dorsoterminal sense organ;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115EC32F9E52327F929" bold="true" box="[782,815,1657,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">spg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, suprapallial glands;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFAE0115ECD9F9E523F2F929" bold="true" box="[997,1018,1657,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="880">vp</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFA1011AEF4DF9D023B4F902" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="881" startId="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" targetBox="[313,1010,215,1572]" targetPageId="8">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA1011AEF4DF9D023B4F902" blockId="8.[113,1211,1612,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 8. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA1011AEF80F9D0218DF9FE" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[188,389,1612,1629]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="881" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEF80F9D0218DF9FE" box="[188,389,1612,1629]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFA1011AEEB5F9D021B1F9FE" box="[393,441,1612,1629]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AECECF9D023D5F9FE" bold="true" box="[976,989,1612,1629]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEE70F9FF2151F9D7" bold="true" box="[332,345,1635,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEC5AF9FF238AF9D5" bold="true" box="[870,898,1635,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">
|
|||
|
|
cs
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17B95E3CFFA1011AEC47F9F6238AF9D5" attach="left" box="[891,898,1642,1654]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">1</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, strong copulatory stylet;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEB62F9FF247DF9D7" bold="true" box="[1118,1141,1635,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">go</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, gonad;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEF4DF9E5208FF929" bold="true" box="[113,135,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">hg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, hindgut;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEFE6F9E520FEF929" bold="true" box="[218,246,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">mu</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, musculature of copulatory stylets;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AED20F9E5223EF929" bold="true" box="[540,566,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">nsl</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateral nerve cord;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEDE5F9E522F0F929" bold="true" box="[729,760,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">nsv</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, ventral nerve cord;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEC9CF9E523BFF929" bold="true" box="[928,951,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">pd</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pericardio-duct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEB76F9E52457F929" bold="true" box="[1098,1119,1657,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">sd</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, spawning duct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA1011AEF9DF90C20CAF902" bold="true" box="[161,194,1680,1697]" pageId="8" pageNumber="881">sdp</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF420CF1FFA0011BEF4DFCC7239BFC64" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4525793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" startId="9.[113,124,859,876]" targetBox="[128,1195,215,817]" targetPageId="9">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA0011BEF4DFCC7239BFC64" blockId="9.[112,1211,859,967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
FIG. 9. —
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA0011BEFFCFCC72187FCCF" authority="Salvini-Plawen, 2008" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="2008" box="[192,399,859,876]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vasconiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEFFCFCC72187FCCF" box="[192,399,859,876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Simrothiella vasconiensis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A3D10FFA0011BEEA8FCC721CDFCCF" box="[404,453,859,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
, cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEBA8FCC724A9FCCF" bold="true" box="[1172,1185,859,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, in the submature paratype 2;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEE6FFCED2168FC21" bold="true" box="[339,352,881,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">B</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, in the holotype. Abbreviations:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BED51FCED2281FC26" bold="true" box="[621,649,881,901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
cs
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17B95E3CFFA0011BEDBEFCE52281FC26" attach="left" box="[642,649,889,901]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">1</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, strong, inner copulatory stylet;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BECABFCED23BAFC26" bold="true" box="[919,946,881,901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
cs
|
|||
|
|
<subScript id="17B95E3CFFA0011BEC97FCE523BAFC26" attach="left" box="[939,946,889,901]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">2</subScript>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateral, short copulatory stylet;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEF4EFC142080FC3A" bold="true" box="[114,136,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">du</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEECEFC142201FC3A" bold="true" box="[498,521,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">go</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, gonad;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BED72FC14226DFC3A" bold="true" box="[590,613,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">gp</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, genital pouch of mantle cavity;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEC5BFC142375FC3A" bold="true" box="[871,893,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">hg</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, hindgut;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BECF1FC1423E0FC3A" bold="true" box="[973,1000,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">mc</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, mantle cavity;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEB5AFC142488FC3A" bold="true" box="[1126,1152,904,921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">nsl</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, lateral nerve cord;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEFE9FC0320E4FC13" bold="true" box="[213,236,927,944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">op</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEC2FFC032321FC13" bold="true" box="[787,809,927,944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">pc</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pericardium;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEC9FFC0323B2FC13" bold="true" box="[931,954,927,944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">pd</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, pericardioduct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEB75FC032456FC13" bold="true" box="[1097,1118,927,944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">sd</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, spawning duct;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEF9DFC2920BEFC65" bold="true" box="[161,182,949,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">vp</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA0011BEF4DFB712156FAA4" blockId="9.[111,649,1261,1700]" box="[113,350,1261,1287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA0011BEF4DFB712156FAA4" box="[113,350,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Gonopericardial system</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA0011BEF4DFA912466FA24" blockId="9.[111,649,1261,1700]" lastBlockId="9.[674,1212,1039,1700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
The two sectioned specimens of station DE 05 were fully mature. Gonad paired, not extending into anterior body; eggs up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA0011BEE8DFAD0220CFAC4" box="[433,516,1356,1383]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
in diameter. Paired gonopericardioducts open frontally into spacious pericardium (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEE59FA1021B0FA04" box="[357,440,1420,1447]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), with heart largely unattached. Pericardioducts emerge laterally; in fully mature animals, pericardium (filled with genital products) continues somewhat further posteriorly (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEF45F99620C4F986" box="[121,204,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Pericardioducts ciliated except medially, no vesiculae seminales; they run anteriorly, each opening into the spawning duct. Paired spawning ducts with tall, ciliated epithelium; in fully mature animals, behind opening of pericardioducts, each duct has a dorsal and ventral sacculation (probable receptacula seminis;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEC52FBB323B0FBE9" box="[878,952,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Fig.7B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), posteriorly with increasing glandular contents. Junction of spawning ducts is not a simple fusion but a paired opening into an anteriorly blind-ending central portion; in cross section this yields for a short distance a characteristic, three-parted aspect (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEC41FB5223B6FB4A" box="[893,958,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral nerve cord; pd, pericardio-duct; sd, spawning duct; sdp, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). The united spawning ducts continue posteriorly as a voluminous, unpaired, glandular and ciliated organ, extending almost up to the (genital) pouch of the mantle cavity; here, only the central portion of this wide spawning duct opens from ventral into the pouch (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEB1CFAF02468FA24" box="[1056,1120,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 9. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct: A, in the submature paratype 2; B, in the holotype. Abbreviations: cs1, strong, inner copulatory stylet; cs2, lateral, short copulatory stylet; du, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;go, gonad;gp, genital pouch of mantle cavity;hg, hindgut;mc, mantle cavity;nsl, lateral nerve cord; op, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch; pc, pericardium; pd, pericardioduct; sd, spawning duct; vp, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA00118ED87FA10219FFE32" blockId="9.[674,1212,1039,1700]" lastBlockId="10.[113,648,216,401]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="883" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">
|
|||
|
|
Paired copulatory stylet apparatus, each with two elements (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA0011BEC33FA37236FFA65" box="[783,871,1451,1478]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionStartId-1="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionStartId-2="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox-0="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetBox-1="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetBox-2="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId-0="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetId-1="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetId-2="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." captionText-1="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral nerve cord; pd, pericardio-duct; sd, spawning duct; sdp, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm." captionText-2="FIG. 9. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct: A, in the submature paratype 2; B, in the holotype. Abbreviations: cs1, strong, inner copulatory stylet; cs2, lateral, short copulatory stylet; du, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;go, gonad;gp, genital pouch of mantle cavity;hg, hindgut;mc, mantle cavity;nsl, lateral nerve cord; op, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch; pc, pericardium; pd, pericardioduct; sd, spawning duct; vp, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="882">Figs 7-9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) within a common sheath: 1) a very strong stylet that may extend (max. length
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA0011BED9AFA772309F9A5" box="[678,769,1515,1542]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" unit="mm" value="650.0">650 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
, max. diameter
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA0011BEC89FA772408F9A5" box="[949,1024,1515,1542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
) close to the beginning gonad. Th is stylet has a cavity along most of its length; the cavity is proximally wider and is filled by a tissue plug at the proximal end; and 2) a much shorter, entirely solid element (about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA0011BED9AF91522F2F907" box="[678,762,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="882" unit="mm" value="225.0">225 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
long) adjoining the stylet. It is proximally flattened and scale-like (up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA30118EEF9FF442207FF50" box="[453,527,216,243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
wide) and tapers distally to a point that ends earlier than the strong stylet. Sheath at each side surrounded (particularly at its proximal portion) by a strong envelope of musculature (protractors, retractors) up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA30118EF88FEEA20F3FE32" box="[180,251,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
thick (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA30118EE74FEEA2180FE32" box="[328,392,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral nerve cord; pd, pericardio-duct; sd, spawning duct; sdp, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA30118EF4DFE2B2103FE6D" blockId="10.[112,648,439,1700]" box="[113,267,439,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">COMPARISONS</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA30118EF4DFE492207FCAE" blockId="10.[112,648,439,1700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">
|
|||
|
|
Based on the organization, the present specimens belong to the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EE2FFE6921C9FDB3" authorityName="Salvini-Plawen" authorityYear="1978" box="[275,449,501,528]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Simrothiellidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Among the nine defined genera (see Scheltema & Schander 2000; Salvini-Plawen 2004), they must be classified within
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EF4EFDC82198FDCC" authority="Pilsbry, 1898" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1898" box="[114,400,596,623]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EF4EFDC820FAFDCD" box="[114,242,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Simrothiella</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Pilsbry, 1898
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
. Herein, they are very similar to the
|
|||
|
|
<typeStatus id="5486E2DBFFA30118EE3EFDE82138FD2C" box="[258,304,628,655]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">type</typeStatus>
|
|||
|
|
species
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EE43FDE821AEFD0D" authority="(Koren & Danielssen, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EE43FDE8228EFD2E" box="[383,646,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Simrothiella margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC2188FFA30118EF45FD0F2196FD0D" author="KOREN J. & DANIELSSEN D. C." box="[121,414,659,686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" pagination="321 - 328" refId="ref10643" refString="KOREN J. & DANIELSSEN D. C. 1877. - Beskrivelse over nye arter, henhOrend til slaegten Solenopus, samt nogle oplysninger om dens organisation. Archiv for Mathematik og Naturvidenskab (Christiana) 2: 121 - 128 (in Norwegian, translated into English in 1879: Descriptions of new species belonging to the genus Solenopus, with some observations on their organisation. Annals and Magazine of Natural History ser. 5, 3 (17): 321 - 328)." type="journal article" year="1877">Koren & Danielssen, 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
from
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F32A1CE9FFA30118EED5FD0F2248FD0D" box="[489,576,659,686]" name="Norway" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
at
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA30118ED5DFD0F20B2FD6D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" unit="m" value="95.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="75.0">75- 115 m</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
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|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC2188FFA30118EFF6FD2F216CFD6D" author="ODHNER N." box="[202,356,691,718]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref10832" refString="ODHNER N. 1921. - Norwegian Solenogastres. Bergens Museums Aarbok 1918 - 1919 3: 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Salvini-Plawen 2004; not Scheltema & Schander 2000), particularly with respect to the hard parts (radula, etc.).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA30118EFB4FC8E2468FEF1" blockId="10.[112,648,439,1700]" lastBlockId="10.[675,1212,216,655]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">
|
|||
|
|
The differences between the two subadults and the two fully mature specimens pertain to respiratory organs and to the (probable) receptacula seminis. Other features of the secondary genital apparatus, however, are typically differentiated in the submature specimens, allowing determination to the species level (see also Salvini-Plawen & Paar-Gausch 2004). All four specimens of the new species differ in certain characters from
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118ED2DFB8C20ADFBEA" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118ED2DFB8C20ADFBEA" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
(see
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC2188FFA30118EFEBFBB32164FBE9" author="ODHNER N." box="[215,364,1071,1098]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref10832" refString="ODHNER N. 1921. - Norwegian Solenogastres. Bergens Museums Aarbok 1918 - 1919 3: 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1921">Odhner 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; Salvini-Plawen 2004) and also from the specimens from off
|
|||
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49F9929BFFA30118EED0FBD32234FBC9" box="[492,572,1103,1130]" country="Spain" name="Galicia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Galicia</collectingRegion>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F32A1CE9FFA30118ED75FBD3228EFBC9" box="[585,646,1103,1130]" name="Spain" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
|||
|
|
(cf. Todt 2006). These characters include: 1) the configuration of the mantle cavity with the differentiation of a paired ventro-anterior pouch or sack (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA30118EF4BFB5220B5FB4A" box="[119,189,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
;
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA30118EFF7FB5220D3FB4A" box="[203,219,1230,1257]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[113,124,859,876]" captionTargetBox="[128,1195,215,817]" captionTargetId="figure-13@9.[128,1196,214,817]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 9. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., cross sections through posterior body in the region of the outlet of the spawning duct: A, in the submature paratype 2; B, in the holotype. Abbreviations: cs1, strong, inner copulatory stylet; cs2, lateral, short copulatory stylet; du, central outlet (short duct) of spawning duct;go, gonad;gp, genital pouch of mantle cavity;hg, hindgut;mc, mantle cavity;nsl, lateral nerve cord; op, opening of central portion of spawning duct into genital pouch; pc, pericardium; pd, pericardioduct; sd, spawning duct; vp, paired ventro-anterior pouch of mantle (pallial) cavity. Scale bars: A, 50 μm; B, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525793/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">9</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
, vp) and the peculiar condition of the respiratory organs (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA30118EE7EFB71218AFAAB" box="[322,386,1261,1288]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[113,124,1590,1607]" captionTargetBox="[115,1211,219,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-13@7.[140,1002,184,849]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 7. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n. sp., organization of the posterior body: A, of a submature specimen viewed from left; B, of a fully mature specimen viewed from left.Abbreviations:co, suprarectal commissure;cs, copulatory stylet sheath;go, gonad;ho, pallial hook; ma, mantle; mg, midgut; pa, papillae; pc, pericardium (with heart); pp, lateral pallial pouch; re, rectum; ro, respiratory organs; rs, receptaculum seminis; sd, spawning duct; so, dorsoterminal sense organ; spg, suprapallial glands; vp, ventro-anterior pallial pouch. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525789/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EE96FB722244FAA4" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[426,588,1262,1288]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EE96FB722244FAA4" box="[426,588,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
there is at most an unpaired ventro-anterior pouch and the gills show lateral foldings); 2) the denticulation at the distal border of the radula plates in adults (also contrasting the position of the denticles in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EF4FFA102115FA05" authorityName="in Scheltema & Schander" authorityYear="2000" box="[115,285,1420,1446]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abysseuropaea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EF4FFA102115FA05" box="[115,285,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. abysseuropaea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
; cf. Salvini-Plawen 2004), as well as the ventral radula sacks extending far behind (in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EFA4FA572132FA46" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[152,314,1483,1509]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EFA4FA572132FA46" box="[152,314,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
the sacks exceed the sheath by about
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA30118EF84FA77213FF9A5" box="[184,311,1515,1542]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="50.0">50-130 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
); 3) the presence of turgescent cells in the radula support or bolster (absent in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EF4FF9B62113F9E7" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[115,283,1578,1604]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EF4FF9B62113F9E7" box="[115,283,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
); 4) the frontally paired midgut caecum (unpaired in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EE69F9D621FEF9C7" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[341,502,1610,1636]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EE69F9D621FEF9C7" box="[341,502,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
); 5) the short supra-rectal commissure (in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EE9FF9F6224EF920" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[419,582,1642,1668]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EE9FF9F6224EF920" box="[419,582,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
up to
|
|||
|
|
<quantity id="4CC5F19CFFA30118EF4DF91520C3F907" box="[113,203,1673,1700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" unit="mm" value="250.0">250 µm</quantity>
|
|||
|
|
); and 6) the configuration of the spawn- ing ducts: before their junction they have a blind central portion into which the ducts open (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="130640FCFFA30118EB48FF6B24BBFEB1" box="[1140,1203,247,274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[313,1010,215,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-15@8.[313,1010,189,1588]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 8. — Simrothiella vasconiensis n.sp.,two cross sections through junction of spawning ducts (holotype):A, three-parted configuration with blind middle portion; B, fusion of spawning ducts with middle portion. Abbreviations: cs1, strong copulatory stylet; go, gonad; hg, hindgut; mu, musculature of copulatory stylets; nsl, lateral nerve cord; nsv, ventral nerve cord; pd, pericardio-duct; sd, spawning duct; sdp, blind anteriorly directed middle portion at junction of spawning ducts. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525791/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
; in
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EDF8FE842364FE92" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[708,876,280,306]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EDF8FE842364FE92" box="[708,876,280,306]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
the ducts simply fuse). These differences clearly define the new species.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8B825C79FFA30118ED87FECB248DFD2C" blockId="10.[675,1212,216,655]" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">
|
|||
|
|
These characters underline that solenogaster species should not be determined predominantly based on hard parts (Scheltema & Schander 2000). Specific characterisations using that approach fail in two respects: 1) hard parts are only superficially similar (see
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118EC19FE6923C0FDAC" baseAuthorityName="Koren & Danielssen" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[805,968,501,527]" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="margaritacea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118EC19FE6923C0FDAC" box="[805,968,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. margaritacea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
vs.
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C3D27FAFFA30118ECCFFE6923E9FD93" authority="in Scheltema & Schander 2000" authorityName="in Scheltema & Schander" authorityYear="2000" class="Solenogastres" family="Simrothiellidae" genus="Simrothiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cavibelonia" pageId="10" pageNumber="883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abysseuropaea">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B949806BFFA30118ECCFFE692494FDAC" box="[1011,1180,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="883">S. abysseuropaea</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
in Scheltema & Schander 2000
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
and Salvini-Plawen 2004); and 2) hard parts (including the radula) are fairly identical in shape in species with different internal organization (present contribution).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|