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167 lines
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1135.93843" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1135-61" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FC0EE843319C574DB0BA3E1125784BD4" ID-ZooBank="7E562C71BD10446E9E102AA52A9888FB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1135-61" checkinTime="1670952533187" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Qin, Yuyao, Germann, Christoph & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2022" docId="C1F49D6A1F585AFB9C71D7D2124DAB99" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1135: 61-91" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1135" docPubDate="2022-12-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1135.93843" docTitle="Chlaenius (Sphodromimus) Casale 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="FC0EE843319C574DB0BA3E1125784BD4" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FC0EE843319C574DB0BA3E1125784BD4" masterDocTitle="Key to the Chinese species of the subgenus Sphodromimus Casale, 1984 (Carabidae, Chlaeniini, Chlaenius) with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1670952533187" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Key to the Chinese species of the subgenus Sphodromimus Casale, 1984 (Carabidae, Chlaeniini, Chlaenius) with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Qin, Yuyao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China & Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Germann, Christoph</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-3799</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, CH- 4051 Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lianghb@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-12-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1135</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>61</mods:start>
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<mods:end>91</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1135.93843</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1135.93843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1135-61</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7E562C71BD10446E9E102AA52A9888FB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FC0EE843319C574DB0BA3E1125784BD4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C1F49D6A1F585AFB9C71D7D2124DAB99" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C1F49D6A1F585AFB9C71D7D2124DAB99" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName LSID="C1F49D6A-1F58-5AFB-9C71-D7D2124DAB99" authority="Casale, 1984" authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius (Sphodromimus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sphodromimus">Chlaenius Sphodromimus Casale, 1984</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Sphodromimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sphodromimus</taxonomicName>
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Casale, 1984: 372;
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<bibRefCitation author="Morvan, DM" journalOrPublisher="Elytron" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="55 - 62" refId="B22" refString="Morvan, DM, 1991. Contribụtion a la Connaissancedes Coleopteres Carabidae de Thailand. Elytron 5: 55 - 62" title="Contrib ụtion a la Connaissancedes Coleopteres Carabidae de Thailand." volume="5" year="1991">Morvan 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 60 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Morvan, DM" journalOrPublisher="Loened Aziad Amprevaned Feureskalleged C'wiledig" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 23" refId="B23" refString="Morvan, DM, 1997. Etude faunistique des coleopteres du Nepal avec extension aux provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Sichuan. Genre Andrewesius Jedlicka et Vacinius Casale. Loened Aziad Amprevaned Feureskalleged C'wiledig 2: 1 - 23" title="Etude faunistique des coleopteres du Nepal avec extension aux provinces chinoises du Yunnan et du Sichuan. Genre Andrewesius Jedlicka et Vacinius Casale." volume="2" year="1997">Morvan 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 16 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B19" refString="Lorenz, W, 1998. Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World. Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" title="Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World." year="1998">Lorenz 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 320 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Lassalle, B" journalOrPublisher="Entomologiste" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="239 - 243" refId="B17" refString="Lassalle, B, 2001. Chasses en Birmanie. Entomologiste 57: 239 - 243" title="Chasses en Birmanie." volume="57" year="2001">Lassalle 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 240 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="29 - 60" refId="B12" refString="Kirschenhofer, E, 2003. Ueber neue und wenig bekannte Carabidae aus der aethiopischen und orientalischen Region (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Chlaeniinae, Pterostichinae). Entomofauna 24: 29 - 60" title="Ueber neue und wenig bekannte Carabidae aus der aethiopischen und orientalischen Region (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Chlaeniinae, Pterostichinae)." volume="24" year="2003">Kirschenhofer 2003</bibRefCitation>
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: 32 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B20" refString="Lorenz, W, 2005. Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition. Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing" title="Systematic List of Extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition." year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 341 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B13" refString="Kirschenhofer, E, 2012. Neue Arten der Gattung Vachinius Casale, 1984 von Laos. Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins Frankfurt a.M. 1-2: 83-90." title="Neue Arten der Gattung Vachinius Casale, 1984 von Laos. Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins Frankfurt a. M. 1 - 2: 83 - 90." year="2012">Kirschenhofer 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 84 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="23 - 36" refId="B14" refString="Kirschenhofer, E, 2013. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tribus Chlaeniini (= Callistini sensu auct.) der palaearktischen, afrotropischen und orientalischen Region (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen 65: 23 - 36" title="Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Tribus Chlaeniini (= Callistini sensu auct.) der palaearktischen, afrotropischen und orientalischen Region (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." volume="65" year="2013">Kirschenhofer 2013</bibRefCitation>
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: 9 (new combination from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Haplochlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haplochlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Haplochlaenius</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Brunk, I" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="5 - 10" refId="B5" refString="Brunk, I, 2015. A new species of the genus Vachinius Casale, 1984 from the Philippines (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini). Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer 111: 5 - 10" title="A new species of the genus Vachinius Casale, 1984 from the Philippines (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini)." volume="111" year="2015">Brunk 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: 5 (described new species);
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<bibRefCitation author="Kirschenhofer, E" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="1. 2 nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden, Boston" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="491 - 497" refId="B15" refString="Kirschenhofer, E, 2017. Tribe Chlaeniini Brulle, 1834. In: Loebl, I, Loebl, D, Eds., Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol. 1. 2nd Edn.). Brill, Leiden, Boston: 491 - 497" title="Tribe Chlaeniini Brulle, 1834." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera (Vol." year="2017">Kirschenhofer 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 497 (catalogue);
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" author="Azadbakhsh, S" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="566 - 587" refId="B3" refString="Azadbakhsh, S, Kirschenhofer, E, 2019. A new species and subspecies of genus Chlaenius Bonelli, 1810 with remark on the taxonomic position of Haplochlaenius Lutshnik, 1933 and Vachinius Casale, 1984 and a new synonym of subgenus Macrochlaenites Kuntzen, 1919 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini). Oriental Insects 53 (4): 566 - 587, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" title="A new species and subspecies of genus Chlaenius Bonelli, 1810 with remark on the taxonomic position of Haplochlaenius Lutshnik, 1933 and Vachinius Casale, 1984 and a new synonym of subgenus Macrochlaenites Kuntzen, 1919 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" volume="53" year="2019">Azadbakhsh and Kirschenhofer 2019</bibRefCitation>
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: 1 (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius (Sphodromimus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sphodromimus">Chlaenius Sphodromimus</taxonomicName>
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considered subgenus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Qin & Germann & Liang" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chlaenius</taxonomicName>
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);
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<bibRefCitation author="Zettel, H" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="29 - 35" refId="B26" refString="Zettel, H, 2020. A new species of Chlaenius subgen. Sphodromimus Casale, 1984 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Philippines. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen 72: 29 - 35" title="A new species of Chlaenius subgen. Sphodromimus Casale, 1984 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Philippines." volume="72" year="2020">Zettel 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: 29 (described new species).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Vachinius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vachinius holzschuhi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holzschuhi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Vachinius holzschuhi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Casale, 1984) (type locality: East Nepal, Tashigaon 2100 m; holotype in NHMB), by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Sphodromimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphodromimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sphodromimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other subgenera in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Qin & Germann & Liang" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Chlaenius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the following character combinations: body large, BL 19-26 mm; body black or metallic colored, luster matt or strongly shiny, antennae, mandibles usually dark brown, elytra black, ventral side black; head finely punctate; penultimate labial palpomere with 5-7 setae, apex truncate; antennae long, antennomere 3 longer than 4; mentum tooth stout, bifid; pronotum long, with sides usually sinuate before posterior angles, posterior lateral seta situated before posterior angles, anterior lateral seta absent; proepisterna sparsely punctate and pubescent; elytral intervals flat or convex, not ribbed, densely punctate and pubescent, basal margin reaching the scutellum; hind wings reduced in all species except
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1834" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius flavofemoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavofemoratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Chlaenius flavofemoratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Laporte, 1834 and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Louwerens" baseAuthorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Chlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlaenius peterseni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peterseni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Chlaenius peterseni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Louwerens, 1967); prosternal process unbordered at apex; metepisterna wider than long in all species except
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Qin & Germann & Liang" authorityYear="2022" family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. flavofemoratus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="flavofemoratus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. flavofemoratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Carabidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. peterseni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="peterseni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C. peterseni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, coarsely punctate, pubescent; legs sparsely pubescent, tarsi nearly smooth dorsally, claws simple, protibiae sulcate on dorsal side; abdominal sternites finely punctate laterally; apical lamella of aedeagus denticulate on dorsal side; apical gonocoxite without ensiform setae; receptaculum very short to absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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This subgenus is most similar to subgenera
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Haplochlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haplochlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Haplochlaenius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lutshnik and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Vachinius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vachinius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Vachinius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Casale, but differs in having elytra with intervals flat or slightly convex, densely punctate and pubescent, and with basal margin complete, connected with scutellum (intervals strongly ribbed in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Haplochlaenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haplochlaenius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Haplochlaenius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, basal margin obsolete near scutellum; intervals smooth in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Casale" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Vachinius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vachinius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Vachinius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; cfr.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" author="Azadbakhsh, S" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" pagination="566 - 587" refId="B3" refString="Azadbakhsh, S, Kirschenhofer, E, 2019. A new species and subspecies of genus Chlaenius Bonelli, 1810 with remark on the taxonomic position of Haplochlaenius Lutshnik, 1933 and Vachinius Casale, 1984 and a new synonym of subgenus Macrochlaenites Kuntzen, 1919 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini). Oriental Insects 53 (4): 566 - 587, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" title="A new species and subspecies of genus Chlaenius Bonelli, 1810 with remark on the taxonomic position of Haplochlaenius Lutshnik, 1933 and Vachinius Casale, 1984 and a new synonym of subgenus Macrochlaenites Kuntzen, 1919 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Chlaeniini)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2018.1561539" volume="53" year="2019">Azadbakhsh and Kirschenhofer 2019</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Species and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Subgenus is composed of 16 species distributed in the Oriental Region (China, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam), including the two new species described below.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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