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120 lines
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<document id="3548F74A8E25301081BFFB7F1287D7AD" ID-CLB-Dataset="26693" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33580" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8428659a-8c4a-4aef-9ee7-851c1b4923d1" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-1-29" ID-ZooBank="DDCF7E3DE7354974A0C8A0A804FF3CCD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="2535-0730-1-29" ModsDocOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 3 (1)" ModsDocTitle="New Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from Amber Mountain (Northern Madagascar)" checkinTime="1558621744125" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gasiorek, Piotr & Voncina, Katarzyna" docDate="2019" docId="E773B839C29BD8A711202995E40BD9E3" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 3(1): 29-39" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 3 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33580" docTitle="Echiniscus africanus Murray 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFDEA962FFE4FFD01249FFCB9A6BF673" masterDocTitle="New Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from Amber Mountain (Northern Madagascar)" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1701383355490" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C6ADD7C8411BFEF9CB0C93AA9B35E3B0">
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<mods:title id="ECEC9ED20F5338CA532DA1CA13431747">New Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from Amber Mountain (Northern Madagascar)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AD5C85CF09327C9A72E7BAECA0AED7E1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B1064145DD4B3B96BB92BF7F628615FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0197AF4D4EB7B6C6BAB9B3FA3AB0A748">Gasiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B8F7794EE257F52D1F0F87C5207DC101" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1B0E981F023ABD95D3DF6B0E8809E775">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EBEF81C4EB548D8CA2B170E1063B6D9C">Voncina, Katarzyna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B7F8B204AA3C21840B25A6D87553FEB4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="D46C47213810F78F380ADE012913FB41">
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<mods:title id="DAC141CB23B4D4593309D4F528F4028F">Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F8662CDF068A8257396406EAF457733C">
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<mods:date id="FC89EA06D95466D107A35118B8F6AEB0">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5D6DF4124AF6C0907EA56D909B2977DE" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="8E6FC9064BAD45B7B1EC647B5B6E4009">3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B4DD60CE340F07DA8108AE9EEF181311" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E848A479D0FA8043C1E32F6CA32108CA">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="D56107B84B1F8419154C52AFC4A4F5C7">29</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="ED4C6E87DBB88F980023DEE496A92653">39</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="C4DA2A6D18B3BB1C32B8AF9322673506">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33580</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="297C7A4AA5B9B374C57685F07BD54297">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="809BFD4F909E574DDE6CB25F17CACF4A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33580</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8235F566D016482FCD739CDF59908C21" type="Pensoft-Pub">2535-0730-1-29</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E773B839C29BD8A711202995E40BD9E3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157251817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E773B839C29BD8A711202995E40BD9E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E773B839C29BD8A711202995E40BD9E3" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="029DAD244F71B44A336984FF6A0EAF4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="45C9E2E6BC991AAD865AB0BD4010B2FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="BFD16EAEA5F64DEA1A6925A10DB16784" ID-CoL="38FWW" authority="Murray, 1907" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1907" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echiniscus africanus" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="africanus">Echiniscus africanus Murray, 1907</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D21FF3D4D2F1D78FE8A979B7EC729470" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="3DC622ADED68119A9CC8D550947C6560" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD7D78CF1439CB857944EA2114D569DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">One juvenile individual. Terra typica: South Africa.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFB49A04B8E500E02A3F475313165B71" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="95B562A25654BE2777A8A9260D1C6C0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Synthetic description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7CF96E55CFC793AA9E17DCC845139C94" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Body yellow and plump, 140
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<normalizedToken id="5C9D859A1F96595B41F7490FD7631D26" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long. Cephalic appendages lengths: cirrus internus 12.7, cephalic papilla (secondary clava) 5.8, cirrus externus 14.7, primary clava 4.1, cirrus A 30.3. Trunk appendage formula C-Cd-D-Dd-Dcd-E, most spines of similar lengths (16.1-19.0), but spines Cd and Dcd much shorter (7.5-9.4), and two additional spicules (2.5-3.1) present at the posterior edge of the scapular plate (29.6). The dorsal plate sculpture of the mixed type (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="4CC23046B340DB14CE558C060B762487" author="Gasiorek, P" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" url="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12377" year="2019">
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<normalizedToken id="4DE48702C6D64B1D0EB42CBEC05B3E11" originalValue="Gąsiorek">Gasiorek</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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), with large pores surrounded by polygonal edges on the scapular and caudal plates, and endocuticular pillars visible as densely arranged dark dots on the remaining plates, sometimes covered by thick epicuticular ornamentation (Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="5CDF998F245B9C79E89E8DC6CC0457C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="3AA28B0774A42001C898986482AEB751" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Figure 1. Juvenile of
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<taxonomicName id="C1178F63AE50791FB6F472D57D6D1A55" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echiniscus africanus" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="africanus">Echiniscus africanus</taxonomicName>
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Murray, 1907 (PCM). Scale bar: in
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<normalizedToken id="6C9CEA1130238189487D79AB9D0923FB" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="AE146E5DE6D6FE54B9CFDB3EA6865B8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Leg appendages and claw lengths: spine on the first leg pair 2.6, papilla on the fourth leg pair 3.9, claws
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<normalizedToken id="470DE022F1A52D862E87851C0A21499E" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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7.5-9.3. Serrated fringe on the fourth leg pair consisting of nine teeth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5D88B7044001381BEB5C0192A0FB8CF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6F05FB1E42524006A9F6001EF6195383" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="55005D69AD80D7AAB4DE0E2E52ABD004" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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This elusive species has been reported several times only from Southern and Eastern Africa since its description over a century ago (
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<bibRefCitation id="F6972E8B6DF66ABED7ADAEFA11427DD5" author="McInnes, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 74" title="Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part IV: Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4284.1.1" volume="4284" year="2017">McInnes et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="D5607DCA6F3A3AF67DA1ED6897BA7069" author="Gasiorek, P" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Zoology" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="131 - 160" title="Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of Tanzania and Uganda." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2018.1477350" volume="31" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken id="98BAD9D7438DB4465F2C23B655D2ED86" originalValue="Gąsiorek">Gasiorek</normalizedToken>
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and Kristensen 2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The record from Vietnam (
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<bibRefCitation id="836A97220DC37A71E7955BAE4EA33DDC" author="Weglarska, B" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Ceskoslovenske Spolecnosti Zoologicke" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="300 - 307" title="Die Tardigraden Vietnams." volume="26" year="1962">
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<normalizedToken id="EE7291FADEDD0A0AD6BFB3864B217447" originalValue="Węglarska">Weglarska</normalizedToken>
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1962
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</bibRefCitation>
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) suggests either disjunctive range or misidentification with
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<taxonomicName id="DE736BA9ED4121C119B273C097AC03A6" lsidName="E. semifoveolatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="semifoveolatus">E. semifoveolatus</taxonomicName>
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Ito, 1993, which, however, is not properly delimited from the former species (
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<bibRefCitation id="3781698A27D20377C771E2E9D6050C6C" author="Qiao, P" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="183 - 192" title="Echiniscussemifoveolatus (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae), a newly recorded species from China." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3718.2.6" volume="3718" year="2013">Qiao et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="79940858EA740F7A187F626A47D98965" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="475D2373870CF1C1487BF10E697B6B8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D98FE369D040C630F43ED4E324F5B917" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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The specimen lacks lateral spines B and centrodorsal (mediodorsal) spines Ccd, which are characteristic for this species (
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<bibRefCitation id="C8BC15E4DCB29168777479FCA0E63E87" author="Murray, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="515 - 524" title="XII. Some South African Tardigrada." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.1907.tb01665.x" volume="12" year="1907">Murray 1907</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="E6287CB0B4EAC76A8BE8ED806284B7F4" author="Murray, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="136 - 144" title="IV. African Tardigrada." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.1913.tb01014.x" volume="33" year="1913">1913</bibRefCitation>
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). However, both positions are highly instable in terms of the presence/absence of appendages, which was demonstrated for
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<taxonomicName id="36D42C1492B702CC9D8D7E923B972972" lsidName="E. lapponicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="lapponicus">E. lapponicus</taxonomicName>
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Thulin, 1911 with similar appendage configuration (
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<bibRefCitation id="A000CCAD823A8DBA454A820349E9A901" author="Dastych, H" journalOrPublisher="Monografie Fauny Polski" pageId="6" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 232" title="Niesporczaki (Tardigrada) Tatrzanskiego Parku Narodowego." volume="9" year="1980">Dastych 1980</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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