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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.26.2584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248672" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-26-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4F1F3705FFE2A97DB535CB374458FF8D" ID-Zenodo-Dep="574777" ID-ZooBank="88F262E0635446B58599FFFA5B1875A6" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1132B1E4-8F2E-4FF3-9E6B-30FAFD497EA1" ModsDocID="1314-2607-26-73" checkinTime="1621552611305" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hopper, Keith R., Woolley, James B., Hoelmer, Kim, Wu, Kongming, Qiao, Ge-Xia &amp; Lee, Seunghwan" docDate="2012" docId="A3BA3F9F1D69555C4ABE7E45B0261ECD" docLanguage="en" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 26" docPubDate="2012-05-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.26.2584" docTitle="Aphelinus rhamni Hopper &amp; Woolley 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="1132B1E4-8F2E-4FF3-9E6B-30FAFD497EA1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="4F1F3705FFE2A97DB535CB374458FF8D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="4F1F3705FFE2A97DB535CB374458FF8D" masterDocTitle="An identification key to species in the mali complex of Aphelinus (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="73" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1643544997682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An identification key to species in the mali complex of Aphelinus (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hopper, Keith R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>USDA-ARS-BIIR, Newark, DE, USA 19713</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Woolley, James B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX, USA 77843</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hoelmer, Kim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>USDA-ARS-BIIR, Newark, DE, USA 19713</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wu, Kongming</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Qiao, Ge-Xia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lee, Seunghwan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Division of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of South Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2012-05-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>26</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>73</mods:start>
<mods:end>96</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.26.2584</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.26.2584</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-26-73</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">88F262E0635446B58599FFFA5B1875A6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4F1F3705FFE2A97DB535CB374458FF8D</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">574777</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182248672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1132B1E4-8F2E-4FF3-9E6B-30FAFD497EA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A3BA3F9F1D69555C4ABE7E45B0261ECD" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1132B1E4-8F2E-4FF3-9E6B-30FAFD497EA1" authority="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphelinus rhamni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni" status="sp. n.">Aphelinus rhamni Hopper &amp; Woolley</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="6" pageNumber="79">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Figs 15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">28</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Females.</emphasis>
Head and mesosoma dark brown to black; legs with coxae dark brown to black, profemur dark grey with pale apex, mesofemur dark grey to black, metafemur white, protibia white with pale greyish base, mesotibia dark grey to black with pale base and apex, and metatibia dark grey to black with pale base; metasoma yellowish brown with base and apex yellow; antennae yellow with basal half of scape and pedicel sometimes greyish; F3 quadrate; club 2.8 times as long as broad.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Males</emphasis>
similar except scape swollen in middle, 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broader in middle than at distal end, with 2 or 3 volcano-shaped secretory pores; scape dark yellowish grey, pedicel pale greyish yellow; club 3.3 times as long as broad.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
Female (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Figs 16, 18, 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">22, 24, 25, 26, 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Body length</emphasis>
. 0.75-0.94 (Holotype 0.87 mm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Head</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Figs 16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">22</figureCitation>
) Head 1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as high in frontal view, about as broad as mesosoma; frontovertex 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
head width and as broad as scape length; posterior ocelli
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="80" start="start">0.5</pageBreakToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their diameter from eye margin, 3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their diameter from one another, and 0.33
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
their diameter from occipital margin; mandible with 2 acute teeth and a broad truncate surface below the teeth; antennae as in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="7" pageNumber="80">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
with scape 4.8 longer than broad, pedicel 1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, F1 anneliform, F2 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as long, F3 quadrate, club 2.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad and 3.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
times longer than F3, with 4-6 longitudinal sensilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="7" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="80">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="7" pageNumber="80">Figs 18, 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="7" pageNumber="80">27</figureCitation>
) Mesoscutum and scutellum with fine reticulate sculpture, longest diameter of reticulations approximately twice the diameter of scutellar
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="81" start="start">sensilla</pageBreakToken>
, interior of reticulations with fine, granulate surface (visible only in slide-mounts under high magnification); mid-lobe of mesoscutum with 2 pairs of long setae and 35-40 short setae, side lobes each with 2 long and 1 short seta; scutellum with 2 pairs of long setae, pair of scutellar sensilla directly posterior to the anterior pair of setae and slightly posterior to middle of scutellum; mesotibial spur equal in length to mesobasitarsus; metatibial spur 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
metabasitarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Fore wing</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
) 2.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; costal cell with 1 row of dorsal setae and two rows of ventral setae, the posterior row extending from under the proximal end of the marginal vein almost to stigma, costal cell 1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as marginal vein; submarginal vein with 5 setae, marginal vein with 10 setae along the anterior margin; stigmal vein short with stigma rounded; delta region proximal to linea calva with one complete line of 13-15 setae and 2-6 additional setae in angle with marginal vein, linea calva with no setae at its posterior edge; wing distal to linea calva with evenly spaced, dense dorsal setae and much smaller ventral setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Hind wing</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
)3.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than broad, marginal fringe 0.23
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wing width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Metasoma</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Figs 18, 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">26</figureCitation>
) 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as mesosoma; ovipositor inserted at middle of metasoma, slightly exerted distally, 1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than metatibia and mesotibia; third valvulae one-third the length of ovipositor.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Color</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Figs 16, 18, 20</figureCitation>
) Head and mesosoma dark brown to black; legs with coxae dark brown to black, profemur dark grey with pale apex, mesofemur dark grey to black, metafemur white, protibia white with pale greyish base, mesotibia dark grey to black with pale base and apex, and metatibia dark grey to black with pale base; metasoma yellowish brown with venter of T1 and apex yellow; antennae yellow sometimes with basal half of scape and pedicel greyish yellow; compound eyes dark burgundy and ocelli red in life, both silver-colored in dried specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Figs 15, 17, 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">21, 23, 28</figureCitation>
). Similar to female except:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Body length</emphasis>
. 0.66-0.78 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Head</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Figs 15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–28" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 21 - 28. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes. 21 male antenna (TAMU x 0616221) 22 female antenna (TAMU x 0616215) 23 male fore wing (TAMU x 0616217) 24 female fore wing (TAMU x 0616215) 25 female hind wing (TAMU x 0616129) 26 female metasoma (TAMU x 0616214) 27 female mesosoma (TAMU x 0616129) 28 male genitalia (TAMU x 0616217)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">21</figureCitation>
) Antenna with scape swollen in center, 3.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, maximum width 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width at distal end, with 2-3 volcano-shaped secretory pores in single line on ventral surface, pedicel 1.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, F1 subquadrate, 1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as long, F2 shorter, 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as broad as long, F3 trapezoidal, 1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than width at apex, 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide at base, club 3.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad, with 4 longitudinal sensilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Metasoma</emphasis>
. 0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of mesoma
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Color</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 15–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 15 - 20. Aphelinus rhamni sp. n., paratype specimens in 95 % ethanol. 15 male antennae and face 16 female antennae and face 17 male, lateral view 18 female, lateral view 19 male, ventral view 20 female, ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Figs 15, 17, 19</figureCitation>
) Scape dark yellowish grey, pedicel pale greyish yellow, base of metasoma pale brown and with yellow region at apex smaller.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="81" type="holotype female">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Holotype female</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
(card-mounted, deposited in USNM, USNM ENT 00763638)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">.</emphasis>
&quot;China, Daxing (Beijing) |
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.8">39°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="116.46667">116°28'E</geoCoordinate>
| 10.ix.2005, K. Hoelmer || ex:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1917" class="? insecta" family="? aphididae" genus="Aphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="? hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycines">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Aphis glycines</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
| on:
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rhamnales" pageId="8" pageNumber="81" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Rhamnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. | 2005/005 || From Lab Culture | USDA-ARS-BIIRU | Newark, Delaware&quot;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="8" pageNumber="81" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="81">Paratypes</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">
(USNM, TAMU, BMNH)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">.</emphasis>
33 card-mounted and 6 slide-mounted females, 19 card-mounted and 3 slide-mounted males with same data as holotype. 9 card-mounted and 2 slide-mounted females, 6 card-mounted and 2 slide-mounted males:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="81">China</emphasis>
: Daxing (Beijing),
<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.8">39°48'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="116.46667">116°28'E</geoCoordinate>
, 10.iv.2004, W. Meikle coll.,
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="82" start="start">ex</pageBreakToken>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1917" class="? insecta" family="? aphididae" genus="Aphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="? hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycines">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphis glycines</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rhamnales" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Rhamnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 2004/008, from lab culture, USDA-ARS-BIIRU, Newark, Delaware.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="82" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
In the field,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1917" class="? insecta" family="? aphididae" genus="Aphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="? hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycines">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphis glycines</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only known host. In laboratory experiments,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parasitizes
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glycines">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus glycines</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species in the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="? insecta" family="? aphididae" genus="Aphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="? hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and rarely
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphididae" genus="Rhopalosiphum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="padi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Rhopalosiphum padi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miyazaki" authorityYear="1988" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphididae" genus="Schizaphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graminum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Schizaphis graminum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="82" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">This species is named for the primary host plant of the aphid species from which it was collected. The species epithet is a noun in genitive case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="82" type="relationships">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Relationships.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campestris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus campestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timberlake" authorityYear="1924" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus gossypii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the closest described species to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on our matrix of traits (
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Traits coded for species in mali complex of Aphelinus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9E14B2F106C567A699A3597214EA873B" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" tableUuid="9E14B2F106C567A699A3597214EA873B">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from both species in having a more elongate club and in coloration of the metatibia.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
has a much narrower host range than
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timberlake" authorityYear="1924" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus gossypii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is reported from at least 18 species of aphids in 10 genera and two tribes, including species which
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not parasitize in laboratory experiments.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11431" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" start="Figures 15–20" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Figures 15-20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., paratype specimens in 95% ethanol.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">15</emphasis>
male antennae and face
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">16</emphasis>
female antennae and face
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">17</emphasis>
male, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">18</emphasis>
female, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">19</emphasis>
male, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">20</emphasis>
female, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/11432" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" start="Figures 21–28" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Figures 21-28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hopper &amp; Woolley" authorityYear="2012" class="Hexapoda" family="Aphelinidae" genus="Aphelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">Aphelinus rhamni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., slide-mounted paratypes.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">21</emphasis>
male antenna (TAMU x0616221)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">22</emphasis>
female antenna (TAMU x0616215)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">23</emphasis>
male fore wing (TAMU x0616217)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">24</emphasis>
female fore wing (TAMU x0616215)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">25</emphasis>
female hind wing (TAMU x0616129)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">26</emphasis>
female metasoma (TAMU x0616214)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">27</emphasis>
female mesosoma (TAMU x0616129)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="82">28</emphasis>
male genitalia (TAMU x0616217).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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