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418 lines
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<mods:title id="A79E22E323ABBCD2C655047DE7E16FB5">Eventually tested: Phylogenetic position of “ Testechiniscus ” meridionalis (Murray, 1906) (Heterotardigrada) revealed</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DEA38D5CDE6A639E139CA0713D72F920">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="867CE576960BE4D2EA9E363D1D625FB9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A2E38DF167DAD9D7496E7E05B2A91F13">Zoologischer Anzeiger</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9BBF6C329F6B929032E7DAEA0E4D0D1F">
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<mods:date id="5121D7E32E7E530188840EA6F76CEE28">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3C6700CDB97167706DC433408490428F">2023-05-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FE4D71BE15CEF090E23FAC17A88201F1">304</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BB22C8526C85A26676EB53D82AE9309F">49</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="62F42A2B8F723134AC16345D80967437">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2023.02.004</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D1DB3EBDA84A5E37AB091AF5EBD056EE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A90E16769CBCD0092078EEFBEDDCFD6C" type="DOI">10.1016/j.jcz.2023.02.004</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FF19EADDCC303126A73C10B8E60EC1BF" type="GBIF-Dataset">9572d207-2c3d-4cc0-afc2-4d30a72ff814</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6E1820CB94CD3C518CA91DF6444EA958" type="ISSN">1873-2674</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EE752FFF94FFD8FCA0F950FE1BFAF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8171597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EE752FFF94FFD8FCA0F950FE1BFAF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE752FFF94FFD8FCA0F950FE1BFAF4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="C35D97B2FF94FFDDFCA0F950FC20F82A" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFCA0F950FAE5F969" blockId="3.[818,1316,1708,1728]" box="[818,1316,1708,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="D0B07355FF94FFDDFCA0F950FAE5F969" box="[818,1316,1708,1728]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFCA0F950FAE5F969" bold="true" box="[818,1316,1708,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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3.2. Redescription of
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<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF94FFDDFC6BF951FB06F916" ID-CoL="38FZS" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[1017,1223,1708,1727]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">Echiniscus meridionalis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF94FFDDFB5CF950FAE5F969" box="[1230,1316,1709,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFCC3F919FC65F8BA" blockId="3.[818,1487,1764,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF94FFDDFCC3F919FC51F951" box="[849,912,1764,1784]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF94FFDDFC08F918FC67F951" box="[922,934,1765,1784]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionStartId-1="5.[100,130,976,993]" captionStartId-2="5.[100,130,1562,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetBox-1="[332,1255,149,948]" captionTargetBox-2="[108,765,1080,1533]" captionTargetId-0="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetId-1="figure-395@5.[331,1256,148,949]" captionTargetId-2="figure-441@5.[106,767,1078,1535]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Claws of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm." captionText-2="Fig. 7. Larva of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, dorsolateral view). Scale bar = 20 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164290" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8164290/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF94FFDDFC21F919FBD8F951" box="[947,1049,1764,1784]" captionStart-0="Table 2" captionStart-1="Table 3" captionStart-2="Table 4" captionStartId-0="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionStartId-1="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionStartId-2="8.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetBox-0="[116,1471,238,1076]" captionTargetBox-1="[116,1471,238,1054]" captionTargetBox-2="[116,1472,238,1076]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="Table 2 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of adult females of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." captionText-1="Table 3 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of adult males of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." captionText-2="Table 4 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of sexually immature individuals of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF91FFD8FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF90FFD9FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" tableUuid-0="DF3894B1FF91FFD8FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73" tableUuid-1="DF3894B1FF90FFD9FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73">Tables 2–4</tableCitation>
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, Supplementary Material 4 with raw morphometric data.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFCC3F8E1FBBCF8E2" blockId="3.[818,1487,1764,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">ZooBank registration number: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8A36A0BF- AA4F–427F–980B-E70DE960695E.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3894B1FF94FFDDFFF6F899FD77F827" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" startId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" targetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFFF6F899FD77F827" blockId="3.[100,771,1892,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFFF6F899FF63F8DC" bold="true" box="[100,162,1892,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
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Dorsal plate sculpturing of
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFE37F899FD02F8DD" bold="true" box="[421,707,1892,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF94FFDDFE37F899FDA5F8DC" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[421,612,1892,1909]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFE37F899FDA5F8DC" bold="true" box="[421,612,1892,1909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Echiniscus meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF94FFDDFDFCF899FD02F8DD" box="[622,707,1892,1908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFCA0F88DFC20F82A" blockId="3.[818,1487,1904,1979]" box="[818,993,1904,1923]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFCA0F88DFC20F82A" bold="true" box="[818,993,1904,1923]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">3.2.1. Terra typica</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D97B2FF94FFDBFCC3F871FBBFFA5C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF94FFDDFCC3F871FBE8F812" blockId="3.[818,1487,1904,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
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South
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<collectingCountry id="F35084A9FF94FFDDFC1EF871FBDBF836" box="[908,1050,1932,1951]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Orkney Islands</collectingCountry>
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.
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF94FFDDFBB0F876FB06F837" bold="true" box="[1058,1223,1931,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Material examined</emphasis>
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. South
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<collectingRegion id="49830ADBFF94FFDDFA9FF871FA64F836" box="[1293,1445,1932,1951]" country="United Kingdom" name="Shetland Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Shetland Islands</collectingRegion>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF94FFDDFCA0F855FCB9F812" box="[818,888,1960,1979]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1 List of newly found populations of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. from King George Island (South Shetland Islands). Types of analyses: (PCM) imaging and morphometry in PCM, (SEM) imaging in SEM, (DNA) DNA sequencing. Number in each analysis indicates how many specimens were utilised in a given method (a – adults, j – juveniles, l – larvae)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" tableUuid="DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D">Table 1</tableCitation>
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for detailed data).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3894B1FF93FFDAFFF6FCB3FCBAFCD1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" startId="4.[100,130,846,863]" targetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFFF6FCB3FCBAFCD1" blockId="4.[100,1487,845,890]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFFF6FCB3FF5CFCF6" bold="true" box="[100,157,846,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
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Habitus of
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFE96FCB3FDD2FCF7" bold="true" box="[260,531,846,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF93FFDAFE96FCB3FE7CFCF6" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[260,445,846,863]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFE96FCB3FE7CFCF6" bold="true" box="[260,445,846,863]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Echiniscus meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF93FFDAFE51FCB3FDD2FCF7" box="[451,531,846,862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF3894B1FF93FFDAFFF6F9D9FED3F9C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" startId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" targetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFFF6F9D9FED3F9C1" blockId="4.[100,771,1572,1642]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFFF6F9D9FF60F99C" bold="true" box="[100,161,1572,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
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Ventral plate sculpturing of
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFE3BF9D9FD05F99C" bold="true" box="[425,708,1572,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF93FFDAFE3BF9D9FDA7F99C" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[425,614,1572,1589]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFE3BF9D9FDA7F99C" bold="true" box="[425,614,1572,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Echiniscus meridionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF93FFDAFDFDF9D8FD05F99C" box="[623,708,1573,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFFF6F96CFEC2F90D" blockId="4.[100,769,1681,1784]" box="[100,259,1681,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFFF6F96CFEC2F90D" bold="true" box="[100,259,1681,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3.2.2. Etymology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFF16F953FEE9F951" blockId="4.[100,769,1681,1784]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
From Latin
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF93FFDAFF66F950FEA1F969" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[244,352,1709,1728]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFF66F950FEA1F969" bold="true" box="[244,352,1709,1728]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
= southern, referring to the distribution of the species in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic archipelagos. An adjective in nominative singular.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFFF6F8E0FEDAF8E5" blockId="4.[100,770,1821,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFFF6F8E0FEDAF8E5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
3.2.3. Adult females (i.e. from the third instar onwards; measurements and statistics in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF93FFDAFF5CF8C5FED3F8E5" box="[206,274,1848,1868]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of adult females of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF91FFD8FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="DF3894B1FF91FFD8FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFF16F8A8FC3BFBE9" blockId="4.[100,770,1821,1980]" lastBlockId="4.[818,1488,929,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
Body small and plump (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFEF3F8A8FE6DF8C1" box="[353,428,1877,1896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFE4BF8A8FE32F8C1" box="[473,499,1877,1896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), light yellow to dark orange in alive specimens. Eyes dark red, minute and dissolving immediately in Hoyer’ s medium. Peribuccal cirri relatively long with respect to the body length (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFF77F855FEF4F812" box="[229,309,1960,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFED2F855FE9AF812" box="[320,347,1960,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFE1FF855FE66F812" box="[397,423,1960,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); cirrus
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFE6BF855FDC6F812" bold="true" box="[505,519,1960,1979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
of a moderate length, i.e. reaching approximately 1/3 of the body length; all cephalic cirri with well-delineated cirrophores. Cephalic papillae (secondary clavae) slightly longer than (primary) clavae, both barrel-shaped (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFAD9FC24FA4CFC45" box="[1355,1421,985,1004]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Body appendage configuration
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFBB0FC08FB67FBA1" bold="true" box="[1058,1190,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
A-C-C
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C326971FF93FFDAFBCBFC12FBA0FC54" attach="left" box="[1113,1121,1007,1021]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">d</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
-D-D
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C326971FF93FFDAFB19FC12FB52FC54" attach="left" box="[1163,1171,1007,1021]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">d</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
-E
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, with most appendages formed as long, flexible cirri. Short, but robust spines present in positions
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFA0BFBECFA66FB8D" bold="true" box="[1433,1447,1041,1060]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">D</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF93FFDAFCA0FBD0FC89FB9C" bold="true" box="[818,840,1063,1088]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
D
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C326971FF93FFDAFCD2FBDAFC89FB9C" attach="left" box="[832,840,1063,1077]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">d</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFCC5FBD0FC62FBE9" box="[855,931,1069,1088]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC40FBD0FC2CFBE9" box="[978,1005,1069,1088]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDAFCC3FBB4FBC2F923" blockId="4.[818,1488,929,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
Dorsal plate sculpturing comprises: (I) poorly elevated epicuticular granules, with a strong tendency to merging in all plate portions but the anterior portions of paired segmental plates I–II, median plate 2, and the much reduced median plate 3, where they are separate (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFAC4FB60FA65FB19" box="[1366,1444,1181,1200]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFCA0FB45FC8DFB62" box="[818,844,1208,1227]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF93FFDAFCF8FB45FCBBFB62" box="[874,890,1208,1227]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">II</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
) pseudopores in the form of delicate depressions distributed irregularly throughout the dorsum, and (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF93FFDAFB38FB29FB03FB4E" box="[1194,1218,1236,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">III</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
) pores, present mainly in the cephalic, scapular (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC7DFB0DFBFFFAAA" box="[1007,1086,1264,1283]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFBE1FB0DFB4FFAAA" box="[1139,1166,1264,1283]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and occasionally in the caudal (terminal) plates. Pores may be absent as well. Cephalic plate narrow, with the usual chalice-like anterior incision. Cervical plate even narrower, but clearly present and rectangular, tightly joined with the scapular plate. Scapular plate with a distinct faceting-like pattern formed by a system of poorly elevated ridges (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFB69FA81FA8DFA26" box="[1275,1356,1404,1423]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFACAFA81FAB2FA26" box="[1368,1395,1404,1423]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFA35FA81FA00FA26" box="[1447,1473,1404,1423]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); lateralmost plate portions weakly demarcated from the central portion by a similar ridge (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC4CFA4EFBE1FA6E" box="[990,1056,1459,1479]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) that replaced a usual suture/incision. Median plate 1 unipartite, m2 bipartite and much larger, m3 developed as a triangular sculptured surface dominated by the caudal plate. Paired segmental plates I–II identical in size and shape. Caudal plate with large triangular posterior incisions (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFBCCF9DEFB67F99F" box="[1118,1190,1571,1590]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) that are joined by a central semicircular ridge (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC67F9C2FB88F9FB" box="[1013,1097,1599,1618]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFBCBF9C2FBB5F9FB" box="[1113,1140,1599,1618]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">3A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFB3CF9C2FB08F9FB" box="[1198,1225,1599,1618]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). A weakly marked ridge perpendicular to the former may be developed, delineating a cross-like epicuticular structure.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF93FFDBFCC3F96EFDF6F8A4" blockId="4.[818,1488,929,1981]" lastBlockId="5.[100,770,1646,1805]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
|||
|
|
Ventral plate armature variously developed, as plates in some individuals may be almost indiscernible, but the general plate formula stands as VIII:2-1-1-2-2-2-2-2 (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFBDDF937FB58F977" box="[1103,1177,1738,1758]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 4B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFB54F937FB21F974" box="[1222,1248,1738,1757]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">5A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Particularly the plate in the second row can be hardly identifiable in
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF93FFDAFB7DF91BFADAF950" box="[1263,1307,1766,1785]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f3v1-41fg" name="Polish Collection of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">PCM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFABEF91BFAB2F950" box="[1324,1395,1766,1785]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Ventral plates are smooth (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC60F8FFFBF9F8BC" box="[1010,1080,1794,1813]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), but the endocuticular pillars are easily observable in
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF93FFDAFC27F8E3FC20F898" box="[949,993,1822,1841]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f3v1-41fg" name="Polish Collection of Microorganisms" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">PCM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
(
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC7DF8E3FBF3F898" box="[1007,1074,1822,1841]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Besides, no granulation present on venter. Hexapartite gonopore and tripartite, large anus (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFB6CF8C7FA88F8E4" box="[1278,1353,1850,1869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 4B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFAEBF8C7FA53F8E4" box="[1401,1426,1850,1869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">5B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Legs with evident pulvini embedded in proximal portions of limbs and pedal plates in median portions, developed as wrinkled areas with sparse and occasional pores (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFC4EF873FBEBF808" box="[988,1066,1934,1953]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFBC9F873FBB2F808" box="[1115,1139,1934,1953]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,976,993]" captionTargetBox="[332,1255,149,948]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[331,1256,148,949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 6. Claws of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">6B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Long spine I present (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFACAF873FA64F808" box="[1368,1445,1934,1953]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF93FFDAFCA0F854FC8DF815" box="[818,844,1961,1980]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,976,993]" captionTargetBox="[332,1255,149,948]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[331,1256,148,949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 6. Claws of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">6A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
); papilla IV large and barrel-shaped, dentate fringe on leg IV with numerous irregular teeth, typically interconnected at their bases (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFFFEF977FF7DF934" box="[108,188,1674,1693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFF55F977FF23F934" box="[199,226,1674,1693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">4A</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE86F977FEEDF934" box="[276,300,1674,1693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,976,993]" captionTargetBox="[332,1255,149,948]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[331,1256,148,949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 6. Claws of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">6B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Claws with branches typically curved, those of legs IV slightly higher than the remaining ones. Claw spurs heteromorphic, as spurs IV are more divergent from the branches compared with spurs I–
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFF3EF923FF05F958" box="[172,196,1758,1777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">III</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
. The size and position of spurs on claw branches (ca. 1/3–2/5 of the claw height) identical on all claws (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE66F904FDE8F8A5" box="[500,553,1785,1804]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,976,993]" captionTargetBox="[332,1255,149,948]" captionTargetId="figure-395@5.[331,1256,148,949]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 6. Claws of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF3894B1FF92FFDBFFF6FC2DFE46FC53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164288" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8164288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164288/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" startId="5.[100,130,976,993]" targetBox="[332,1255,149,948]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFFF6FC2DFE46FC53" blockId="5.[100,1487,975,1020]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFFF6FC2DFF5CFC48" bold="true" box="[100,157,976,993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Claws of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFF67FC2DFDC5FC48" bold="true" box="[245,516,976,993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFF67FC2DFE6FFC48" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[245,430,976,993]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFF67FC2DFE6FFC48" bold="true" box="[245,430,976,993]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Echiniscus meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF92FFDBFE26FC2CFDC5FC48" box="[436,516,977,993]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(adults): A – claws I with spine I (PCM), B – claws IV, dentate collar and papilla IV (PCM), C – claws I (SEM), D – claws IV (SEM). Scale bars in μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<caption id="DF3894B1FF92FFDBFFF6F9E7FECAF9ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8164290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164290/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" startId="5.[100,130,1562,1579]" targetBox="[108,765,1080,1533]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFFF6F9E7FECAF9ED" blockId="5.[100,771,1561,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFFF6F9E7FF60F982" bold="true" box="[100,161,1562,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
Larva of
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFF6FF9E7FDD9F982" bold="true" box="[253,536,1562,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFF6FF9E7FE7BF982" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[253,442,1562,1579]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFF6FF9E7FE7BF982" bold="true" box="[253,442,1562,1579]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Echiniscus meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF92FFDBFE51F9E6FDD9F982" box="[451,536,1563,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
(PCM, dorsolateral view). Scale bar = 20 μm.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</caption>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFFF6F8CCFE07F8C9" blockId="5.[100,770,1841,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFFF6F8CCFE07F8C9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
3.2.4. Adult males (i.e. from the second/third instar onwards, see remarks; measurements and statistics in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF92FFDBFEE8F8B0FE7FF8C9" box="[378,446,1869,1888]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 3 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of adult males of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF90FFD9FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="DF3894B1FF90FFD9FFF6FF6BFC8CFF73">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFF16F894FAC3FBFA" blockId="5.[100,770,1841,1972]" lastBlockId="5.[818,1487,1060,1107]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
Sexual dimorphism evinces in several characters of males: thinner and shorter body (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE8BF878FE68F831" box="[281,425,1925,1944]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Figs. 2B and C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE27F878FE0EF831" box="[437,463,1925,1944]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">3B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE4EF878FDCEF831" box="[476,527,1925,1944]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">4C–D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), prominent and swollen clavae (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFF3EF85CFEF1F81D" box="[172,304,1953,1972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Figs. 2B and C</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFEAAF85CFE92F81D" box="[312,339,1953,1972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[818,848,1625,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-385@3.[823,1484,816,1597]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B – male. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8171599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8171599/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">3B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFEC9F85CFE4FF81D" box="[347,398,1953,1972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,846,863]" captionTargetBox="[256,1330,149,817]" captionTargetId="figure-537@4.[255,1332,148,818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4. Habitus of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (SEM, adults and a juvenile in non-dorsal view): A – female in lateral view, B – juvenile in ventral view (Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows), C, D – males in lateral view. Scale bars = 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">4C–D</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFE2BF85CFE13F81D" box="[441,466,1953,1972]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">5B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), and often better visible (darker in
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFCDBFBD9FCB9FB9E" box="[841,888,1060,1079]" country="Poland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f3v1-41fg" name="Polish Collection of Microorganisms" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">PCM</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
) ventral plates (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFB9FFBD9FB8FFB9E" box="[1037,1102,1060,1079]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[100,130,1572,1589]" captionTargetBox="[108,766,946,1544]" captionTargetId="figure-588@4.[106,767,945,1545]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5. Ventral plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults): A – female, B – male. Roman numerals indicate subsequent plate rows. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164286/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Rarely, all appendages but
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFAC9FBD9FAA8FB9E" bold="true" box="[1371,1385,1060,1079]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
and
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFA04FBD9FA63FB9E" bold="true" box="[1430,1442,1060,1079]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">E</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
may be formed as spines (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFC68FBBDFBFDFBFA" box="[1018,1084,1088,1107]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[100,130,1892,1909]" captionTargetBox="[133,738,817,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[131,739,816,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Dorsal plate sculpturing of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, adults in dorsal view): A – female, B, C – males. Scale bars = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164282/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Gonopore circular.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCA0FB85FCBFFB0E" blockId="5.[818,1487,1143,1247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0FB85FCBFFB0E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
3.2.5. Juveniles (i.e. the second instar; measurements and statistics in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF92FFDBFCA0FB6EFCB7FB0E" box="[818,886,1171,1191]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="8.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 4 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of sexually immature individuals of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCC3FB52FB87FB77" blockId="5.[818,1487,1143,1247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Qualitatively similar to sexually mature females, and smaller than both sexes. Gonopore absent.</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCA0FAFEFA0EFABF" blockId="5.[818,1488,1283,1386]" box="[818,1487,1283,1302]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0FAFEFA0EFABF" bold="true" box="[818,1487,1283,1302]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
3.2.6. Larvae (i.e. the first instar; measurements and statistics in
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF92FFDBFA10FAFEFA07FABF" box="[1410,1478,1283,1302]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="8.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 4 Measurements [in μm] of selected morphological structures of sexually immature individuals of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Abbreviations: sp – the proportion between the length of a given structure and the length of the scapular plate." pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
)
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCC3FAE2FB41FAC3" blockId="5.[818,1488,1283,1386]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
Qualitatively similar to later life stages, but smaller than juveniles. Body appendage formula:
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFBBAFAC6FBA4FAE7" bold="true" box="[1064,1125,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<superScript id="7C326971FF92FFDBFBBAFAC6FB96FAE7" attach="left" box="[1064,1111,1333,1358]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">A-Cd-</superScript>
|
|||
|
|
E
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
, all formed as cirri (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFAB6FAC6FA98FAE7" box="[1316,1369,1339,1358]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[100,130,1562,1579]" captionTargetBox="[108,765,1080,1533]" captionTargetId="figure-441@5.[106,767,1078,1535]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 7. Larva of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (PCM, dorsolateral view). Scale bar = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164290/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Two claws per leg. Gonopore and anus absent.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCA0FA72FC2FFA08" blockId="5.[818,1487,1422,1526]" box="[818,1006,1422,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0FA72FC2FFA08" bold="true" box="[818,1006,1422,1442]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">3.2.7. DNA markers</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCC3FA56FBBFFA5C" blockId="5.[818,1487,1422,1526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
Single haplotype was found in 18S rRNA (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFB62FA56FAD2FA17" box="[1264,1299,1451,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">OQ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
472387), 28S rRNA (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFCAAFA3AFC9AFA73" box="[824,859,1479,1498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">OQ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
472389), ITS-1 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFC6AFA3BFBDAFA70" box="[1016,1051,1478,1497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">OQ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
476878), ITS-2 (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFB2AFA3BFB1AFA70" box="[1208,1243,1478,1497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">OQ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
476879), and two in COI (
|
|||
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED565CFCFF92FFDBFCAAFA1FFC9BFA5C" box="[824,858,1506,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">OQ</collectionCode>
|
|||
|
|
472391–2;
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFC51FA1EFC0CFA5F" bold="true" box="[963,973,1507,1526]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">p</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
-distance = 0.2%).
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
<subSubSection id="C35D97B2FF92FFD8FCA0F9E7FE1BFAF4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCA0F9E7FBF1F984" blockId="5.[818,1488,1562,1833]" box="[818,1072,1562,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0F9E7FBF1F984" bold="true" box="[818,1072,1562,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">3.2.8. Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCC3F9CBFC98F880" blockId="5.[818,1488,1562,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
A strong sexual dimorphism, the unusual dorsal plate sculpturing (in some specimens, epicuticular granules may be barely elevated above the surface of plates, and in an initial observation in PCM such exemplars seem to be sculptureless), and the ventral armature covering an entire venter, replacing the endocuticular granulation typical for
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFAFCF958FA08F911" box="[1390,1481,1701,1720]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFAFCF958FA08F911" bold="true" box="[1390,1481,1701,1720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Echiniscus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, together with the geographic range embracing solely Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands (
|
|||
|
|
<figureCitation id="137CD8BCFF92FFDBFC72F920FBD6F958" box="[992,1047,1757,1777]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[100,130,1779,1796]" captionTargetBox="[332,1255,1217,1751]" captionTargetId="figure-455@8.[331,1256,1216,1752]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Distribution of two emblematic Antarctic echiniscids: purple stars – Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. (South Orkney Islands, South Shetland Islands, Argentine Islands), yellow star – “Testechiniscus” macronyx (South Georgia). Map downloaded from https://www.freeworldmaps.net." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8164292/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
|||
|
|
), make
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFBF5F923FA8EF958" bold="true" box="[1127,1359,1757,1777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFBF5F923FB2DF959" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[1127,1260,1757,1777]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFBF5F923FB2DF959" bold="true" box="[1127,1260,1757,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">E. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF92FFDBFB67F923FA8EF958" box="[1269,1359,1758,1777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
easily recognisable and well-differentiated morphologically from all other
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFAE6F904FC98F880" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFAE6F904FA0EF8A5" bold="true" box="[1396,1487,1785,1804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Echiniscus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
spp.
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFDBFCA0F8B0FC00F8C9" blockId="5.[818,1488,1869,1972]" box="[818,961,1869,1888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0F8B0FC00F8C9" bold="true" box="[818,961,1869,1888]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">3.2.9. Remarks</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
<paragraph id="8BF8C439FF92FFD8FCC3F894FE1BFAF4" blockId="5.[818,1488,1869,1972]" lastBlockId="6.[100,770,1130,1373]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
|||
|
|
The species can be frequently encountered on King George Island, being one of the two commonest echiniscids in that location (the other is
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF92FFDBFCA0F85DFC12F81D" baseAuthorityName="Dastych" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[818,979,1952,1972]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Barbaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="jenningsi">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF92FFDBFCA0F85DFC12F81D" bold="true" box="[818,979,1952,1972]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Barbaria jenningsi</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, often co-inhabiting the same mosses and lichens, see
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF91FFD8FFF6FB96FF6FFBD7" box="[100,174,1131,1150]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1 List of newly found populations of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. from King George Island (South Shetland Islands). Types of analyses: (PCM) imaging and morphometry in PCM, (SEM) imaging in SEM, (DNA) DNA sequencing. Number in each analysis indicates how many specimens were utilised in a given method (a – adults, j – juveniles, l – larvae)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" tableUuid="DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). An undescribed
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FEF4FB97FD81FBD7" box="[358,576,1130,1150]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FEF4FB97FE33FBD4" bold="true" box="[358,498,1130,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Pseudechiniscus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
species
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, eutardigrades
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FD4AFB96FEC6FB30" baseAuthorityName="Richters" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Acutuncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FD4AFB96FEC6FB30" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Acutuncus antarcticus</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
,
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FE84FB7BFE08FB30" authorityName="Kaczmarek, Parnikoza, Gawlak, Esefeld, Peter, Kozeretska & Roszkowska" authorityYear="2018" box="[278,457,1158,1177]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Hypsibiidae" genus="Diphascon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="rudnickii">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FE84FB7BFE08FB30" bold="true" box="[278,457,1158,1177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Diphascon rudnickii</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
, and unidentified species of the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FFF6FB5FFED0FB1C" box="[100,273,1186,1205]" class="Eutardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Mesobiotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="furciger">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FFF6FB5FFED0FB1C" bold="true" box="[100,273,1186,1205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Mesobiotus furciger</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
group (
|
|||
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFD6B9C8FF91FFD8FECDFB5FFDC7FB1F" author="Short, K. A. & Sands, C. J. & McInnes, S. J. & Pisani, D. & Stevens, M. I. & Convey, P." box="[351,518,1186,1206]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" pagination="107429" refId="ref12592" refString="Short, K. A., Sands, C. J., McInnes, S. J., Pisani, D., Stevens, M. I., Convey, P., 2022. An ancient, Antarctic-specific species complex: large divergences between multiple Antarctic lineages of the tardigrade genus Mesobiotus. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 170, 107429 https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2022.107429." type="journal article" year="2022">Short et al., 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|||
|
|
) are other relatively common taxa that co-occur with
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FE10FB42FDACFB78" bold="true" box="[386,621,1214,1234]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FE10FB42FDC9FB78" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[386,520,1214,1234]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FE10FB42FDC9FB78" bold="true" box="[386,520,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">E. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF91FFD8FD80FB43FDACFB78" box="[530,621,1214,1233]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
However, irrespective of its ubiquity in the area, the population density must be low given that typically few representatives were found in samples (
|
|||
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6C5F182FF91FFD8FD3DFB0BFD35FAA0" box="[687,756,1270,1289]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1 List of newly found populations of Echiniscus meridionalis stat. rev. from King George Island (South Shetland Islands). Types of analyses: (PCM) imaging and morphometry in PCM, (SEM) imaging in SEM, (DNA) DNA sequencing. Number in each analysis indicates how many specimens were utilised in a given method (a – adults, j – juveniles, l – larvae)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" tableUuid="DF3894B1FF95FFDCFFF6FF6BFEB1FF5D">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
|||
|
|
). Ventral armature is already developed in
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FE6EFAEFFD27FA8C" bold="true" box="[508,742,1298,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FE6EFAEFFD43FA8C" authorityName="Gąsiorek" authorityYear="2023" box="[508,642,1298,1317]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="meridionalis" status="stat. rev.">
|
|||
|
|
<emphasis id="B933182BFF91FFD8FE6EFAEFFD43FA8C" bold="true" box="[508,642,1298,1317]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">E. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200A550FF91FFD8FD19FAEFFD27FA8C" box="[651,742,1298,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|||
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|||
|
|
at sexually immature life stages (i.e. in larvae and juveniles), which often does not take place in the
|
|||
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C47BFBAFF91FFD8FECFFAB7FE17FAF4" authorityName=", Kristensen" authorityYear="1987" box="[349,470,1354,1373]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="family">Echiniscidae</taxonomicName>
|
|||
|
|
.
|
|||
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|||
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|||
|
|
</treatment>
|
|||
|
|
</document>
|