treatments-xml/data/8D/16/0F/8D160F03FF93FFB87F35FA361FBDFCA4.xml

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<mods:title id="2EE9DD255E944BDD2C53A5D4E8BF4A33">TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4A0C3AD2E034B12275804A6A49B43EAC">LeCROY, M. A. R. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FF93FFB97F35FA361A78FA0F" authority="Hartert" authorityName="Hartert" box="[780,1149,1478,1500]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="arvensis" subSpecies="hainana">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF93FFB97F35FA361A1BFA08" bold="true" box="[780,1054,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Alauda arvensis hainana</emphasis>
Hartert
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<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FF93FFB97E85FA001A73F9D0" author="Hartert, E." box="[700,1142,1521,1540]" page="21" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1922">
<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FF93FFB97E85FA001A73F9D0" authority="Hartert, 1922 a: 21" authorityName="Hartert" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1922" box="[700,1142,1521,1540]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="arvensis" subSpecies="hainana">
<emphasis id="37CB6207FF93FFB97E85FA001DB7F9D0" box="[700,946,1521,1540]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Alauda arvensis hainana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF93FFB97F86FA001A73F9D0" author="Hartert, E." box="[959,1142,1521,1540]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="19 - 22" refId="ref135692" refString="Hartert, E. 1922 a. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Walter Stotznerschen Expeditionen nach Szetschwan, Osttibet und Tschili auf Grund der Sammlungen und Beobachtungen Dr. Hugo Weigolds. 1. Teil. Aves: 2. Alaudidae und Troglodytidae. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums zu Dresden 15 (3): 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="1922">Hartert, 1922a: 21</bibRefCitation>
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(Kiung­Chau, 
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).
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Now 
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF93FFB97ECAF9D71DBCF9ED" box="[755,953,1574,1593]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Alauda gulgula sala</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF93FFB97FFAF9D71A50F9ED" author="Swinhoe, R." box="[963,1109,1574,1593]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="77 - 97" refId="ref146664" refString="Swinhoe, R. 1870. On the ornithology of Hainan. Ibis (new series) 6: 77 - 97, 230 - 256, 342 - 367." type="journal article" year="1870">Swinhoe, 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. See 
<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FF93FFB978B7F9D71D33F980" author="Peters, J. L." page="70" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF93FFB978B7F9D71D33F980" author="Peters, J. L." pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="3 - 80" refId="ref142624" refString="Peters, J. L. 1960 a. Family Alaudidae. In E. Mayr and J. C. Greenway, Jr. (editors), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 9: 3 - 80. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 506 pp." type="book chapter" year="1960">Peters, 1960a: 70</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 
<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FF93FFB97F7DF9B01DF1F980" author="Cheng" box="[836,1012,1601,1620]" page="427" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF93FFB97F7DF9B01DF1F980" author="Cheng" box="[836,1012,1601,1620]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref130832" refString="Cheng, T-h. 1987. A synopsis of the avifauna of China. Beijing: Science Press, and Hamburg and Berlin: Paul Parey Scientific Publishers, 1222 pp." type="book" year="1987">Cheng, 1987: 427</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, and Dickinson et al., 2001a: 93.
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="B5D7B448FF93FFB87EEFF9721F6CFF24" collectingDate="1902-02-24" collectionCode="AMNH" country="China" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" latitude="19.933332" location="Island" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="110.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="AMNH 555556" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF93FFB97EEFF9721D4DF943" box="[726,840,1667,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: 
<specimenCode id="5519166EFF93FFB97F64F9721A0EF94C" box="[861,1035,1667,1688]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">AMNH 555556</specimenCode>
, adult male, collected at Ch’iung­chou, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="608BD8D2FF93FFB97851F96C1AC8F966" box="[1128,1229,1692,1714]" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="110.5">110°30′E</geoCoordinate>
(Times Atlas), 
<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF93FFB97F59F9491DAEF919" box="[864,939,1720,1741]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Hainan</collectingRegion>
<location id="0060E8CEFF93FFB97F8CF9491DF2F919" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D160F03FF93FFB87F35FA361FBDFCA4:0060E8CEFF93FFB97F8CF9491DF2F919" box="[949,1015,1720,1741]" country="China" latitude="19.933332" longLatPrecision="1270" longitude="110.5" name="Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Hainan">Island</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="7DA8FE85FF93FFB9783FF9491A42F919" box="[1030,1095,1720,1741]" name="China" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">China</collectingCountry>
, on 
<date id="710198D5FF93FFB87840F9491EFCFF01" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1902-02-24">
<collectingDate id="6145613DFF93FFB87840F9491EFCFF01" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1902-02-24">24 February 1902</collectingDate>
</date>
, by Zensaku Katsumata. From the Rothschild Collection.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFF92FFB87CACFF041FBDFCA4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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: 
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF92FFB87D20FF041FE8FEDE" author="Hartert, E." box="[281,493,245,266]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="19 - 22" refId="ref135692" refString="Hartert, E. 1922 a. Zoologische Ergebnisse der Walter Stotznerschen Expeditionen nach Szetschwan, Osttibet und Tschili auf Grund der Sammlungen und Beobachtungen Dr. Hugo Weigolds. 1. Teil. Aves: 2. Alaudidae und Troglodytidae. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums zu Dresden 15 (3): 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="1922">Hartert (1922a: 21)</bibRefCitation>
noted that he had 
<specimenCount id="13B9759CFF92FFB87C92FEE11F39FEF1" box="[171,316,272,293]" count="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
of this form and that the type was a male collected at Kiung­Chau, 
<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF92FFB87E2CFEDA1C66FE94" box="[533,611,299,320]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hainan</collectingRegion>
, on 24 XI [sic] 1902 by Katsumata. There are 
<specimenCount id="13B9759CFF92FFB87E48FEB41EEDFEA1" count="12" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
collected by Katsumata on 
<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF92FFB87E19FE911C6EFEA1" box="[544,619,352,373]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hainan</collectingRegion>
in 
<date id="710198D5FF92FFB87C42FE8A1FA4FE44" box="[123,417,379,400]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1902-02" valueMax="1902-03-31" valueMin="1902-02-00">February and March 1902</date>
now in AMNH, although three of them are from Haihow, not Ch’iung­Chau. 
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF92FFB87D19FE411FF7FE11" author="Hartert, E." box="[288,498,432,453]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="189 - 230" refId="ref136137" refString="Hartert, E. 1928. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. C. Additional and overlooked types. Novitates Zoologicae 34: 189 - 230." type="journal article" year="1928">Hartert (1928: 201)</bibRefCitation>
designated as 
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF92FFB87C42FE3A1EDEFE34" box="[123,219,459,480]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
a male from ‘‘Kiangchau’’ collected on 
<date id="710198D5FF92FFB87C42FE141F45FE2E" box="[123,320,485,506]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1902-02-24">24 February 1902</date>
, correctly citing the collecting date. There are 
<specimenCount id="13B9759CFF92FFB87D1BFDF11F9EFDC1" box="[290,411,512,533]" count="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
collected on this date, but AMNH 555556 is the specimen bearing the Rothschild type label. The Rothschild Collection label is also marked ‘‘type hainana’’ in Hartert’s hand. As this specimen is undoubtedly the one intended by Hartert as the type and has always been so considered, I hereby designate this specimen the 
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF92FFB87CDDFD4A1F41FD04" box="[228,324,699,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
in order to eliminate the ambiguity. Given that the month of collection was a misprint in the original description, the 
<specimenCount id="13B9759CFF92FFB87E20FD011EBCFCF4" count="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
collected on 
<date id="710198D5FF92FFB87D73FCFA1C0DFCF4" box="[330,520,779,800]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1902-02-24">24 February 1902</date>
would have to be considered 
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF92FFB87D0BFCD41F94FCEE" box="[306,401,805,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
. After lectotypification, the two remaining 
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF92FFB87D75FCB11FA2FC81" box="[332,423,832,853]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
become 
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF92FFB87E37FCB11EA7FCA4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
: AMNH 555557–555558.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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