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<document id="EEBB08C5376036E9D752F913F56EA984" ID-CLB-Dataset="56121" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a81c4131-079c-4d9f-8333-70c0de3fb44e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8054287" ID-ZooBank="21AD4F85-E313-47CB-BA98-9896D2B1DC05" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1687160155950" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grubbs, Scott A. &amp; Baumann, Richard W." docDate="2023" docId="07181030DF01FF8CFF12FB30FAC0FEC9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5306.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5306 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zapada fumosa Baumann &amp; Grubbs 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FB216848DF2CFFA2FF85FFFFFF85FF88" masterDocTitle="The Nemourinae (Insecta, Nemouridae) of the eastern Nearctic" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1699525901549" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F0D0268CA339E03099787905219B9453">The Nemourinae (Insecta, Nemouridae) of the eastern Nearctic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="94EC4DE78D4A6EA41B634AB1A3E44A6F">Grubbs, Scott A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="289BA81E3058BF8FD6A8BD0092DF2F6B">Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity Studies, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42101, USA Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602, USA &amp; scott. grubbs @ wku. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2170 - 9716</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7FE69DD75DDFB52172F901EDC02C46B0">Baumann, Richard W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F79BA0F3FFABB1748FA9C9B948010AAB">richard _ baumann @ byu. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0838 - 4080</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="E9F5072F92356D16FA2423FC82D568B8">2023</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12FB30FD57FB61" blockId="45.[151,1051,1231,1366]" box="[151,722,1231,1258]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<heading id="D446164ADF01FF8FFF12FB30FD57FB61" bold="true" box="[151,722,1231,1258]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF12FB30FD57FB61" bold="true" box="[151,722,1231,1258]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
25.
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF01FF8FFF46FB30FD57FB61" ID-CoL="5CWWW" authority="Baumann &amp; Grubbs, 2015" authorityName="Baumann &amp; Grubbs" authorityYear="2015" box="[195,722,1231,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Nemouridae" genus="Zapada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumosa">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF46FB30FE05FB61" bold="true" box="[195,384,1231,1258]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Zapada fumosa</emphasis>
Baumann &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFDADFB30FD57FB61" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[552,722,1231,1257]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">Grubbs, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12FB0BFED9FA85" blockId="45.[151,1051,1231,1366]" box="[151,348,1267,1294]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fumose Forestfly</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7ABF2ADDF01FF8FFF12FAE8FEE3FADD" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12FAE8FB9EFABA" blockId="45.[151,1051,1231,1366]" box="[151,1051,1303,1330]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF01FF8FFD88FAE8FD0EFAB9" box="[525,651,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Plecoptera</taxonomicName>
.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:470810
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12FAC4FEE3FADD" blockId="45.[151,1051,1231,1366]" box="[151,358,1339,1366]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
(
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFF1AFAC4FF6BFADE" box="[159,238,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURES 1‒8" captionStartId="5.[152,270,1422,1446]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1399]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[151,1436,181,1399]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1‒8. Forewing images. 1, Nemoura arctica, USA, Michigan, Silver Creek; 2, Ostrocerca albidipennis, USA, West Virginia, Middle Fork Indian Run; 3, Paranemoura perfecta, USA, West Virginia, headwaters Sugar Creek; 4, Podmosta macdunnoughi, USA, New York, Grampus Brook, dark line at tips of arrows represent the termini of veins A1 and A2; 5, Prostoia completa, USA, Kentucky, Middle Fork Drakes Creek; 6, Shipsa rotunda, USA, Michigan, Montreal River; 7, Soyedina calcarea, USA, Kentucky, tributary Green River; 8, Zapada katahdin, Canada, Labrador, tributary Leg Lake." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054291" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054291/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFF7EFAC4FEDBFADD" box="[251,350,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">161–164</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7ABF2ADDF01FF8FFF12FA7FFD87FA5D" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0E108737DF01FF8FFF12FA7FFDFBFA10" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[151,638,1408,1432]" page="1315" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="2015">
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF01FF8FFF12FA7FFDFBFA10" ID-CoL="5CWWW" authority="Baumann &amp; Grubbs 2015" authorityName="Baumann &amp; Grubbs 2015:" authorityPageNumber="1315" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,638,1408,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Nemouridae" genus="Zapada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumosa">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF12FA7FFEB1FA10" box="[151,308,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Zapada fumosa</emphasis>
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Baumann &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFE38FA7FFDFBFA10" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[445,638,1408,1432]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">Grubbs 2015:1315</bibRefCitation>
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.
<typeStatus id="500A1F84DF01FF8FFD0DFA7FFD63FA10" box="[648,742,1408,1432]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (United States National Museum),
<location id="8A6EF7FDDF01FF8FFB0DFA7FFADCFA10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:07181030DF01FF8CFF12FB30FAC0FEC9:8A6EF7FDDF01FF8FFB0DFA7FFADCFA10" box="[1160,1369,1408,1432]" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." municipality="Great Smoky Mountain National Park" name="Walker Camp Prong" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" stateProvince="Tennessee">Walker Camp Prong</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6F6A3B5CDF01FF8FFAE1FA7FFD88FA3E" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Great Smoky Mountain National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="666FD9AADF01FF8FFD92FA61FD01FA3F" box="[535,644,1438,1463]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sevier Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="4D756FC4DF01FF8FFD0BFA60FD7DFA3E" box="[654,760,1439,1462]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F7A6E1B6DF01FF8FFC87FA60FCB0FA3F" box="[770,821,1439,1463]" name="United States of America" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">USA</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12FA42FD87FA5D" blockId="45.[151,1436,1408,1493]" box="[151,514,1469,1493]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AFA18608DF01FF8FFF12FA42FD87FA5D" box="[151,514,1469,1493]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF01FF8FFF12FA42FECAFA5D" box="[151,335,1469,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Nemouridae" genus="Zapada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF12FA42FF61FA5D" box="[151,228,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Zapada</emphasis>
species A
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0E108737DF01FF8FFEDCFA42FE7BFA5D" author="Stark, B. P." box="[345,510,1469,1493]" page="214" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFEDCFA42FE7BFA5D" author="Stark, B. P." box="[345,510,1469,1493]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="161 - 247" refId="ref34801" refString="Stark, B. P. (2017) Chapter 3 Plecoptera. In: Morse, J. C., McCafferty, W. P., Stark, B. P. &amp; Jacobus, L. M. (Eds.), Larvae of the southeastern USA mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly species (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera). Biota of South Carolina. Chapter 9. Clemson University Public Service Publishing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, pp. 161 - 247." type="book chapter" year="2017">Stark, 2017:214</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C7ABF2ADDF01FF8FFF12F9FCFD73F996" box="[151,758,1539,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF12F9FCFD73F996" blockId="45.[151,1437,1539,2034]" box="[151,758,1539,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF12F9FCFEB4F995" bold="true" box="[151,305,1539,1565]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F7A6E1B6DF01FF8FFEB2F9FBFEF6F996" box="[311,371,1540,1566]" name="United States of America" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">USA</collectingCountry>
: NC, TN, VA (
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFD92F9FCFD6BF996" author="DeWalt, R. E. &amp; Maehr, M. D. &amp; Hopkins, H. P. &amp; Neu-Becker, U. &amp; Stueber, G." box="[535,750,1539,1566]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref31889" refString="DeWalt, R. E., Maehr, M. D., Hopkins, H. P., Neu-Becker, U. &amp; Stueber, G. (2022) Plecoptera Species File Online. Version 5.0 / 5.0. Available from: http: // Plecoptera. SpeciesFile. org (accessed 3 July 2022)" type="url" year="2022">
DeWalt
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFDF0F9FBFD28F995" box="[629,685,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7ABF2ADDF01FF8CFF42F9D7FB80FF5D" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF42F9D7FE24F80D" blockId="45.[151,1437,1539,2034]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF42F9D7FE8EF9CA" bold="true" box="[199,267,1576,1602]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Male.</emphasis>
Macropterous. Body length 5.5–6.0 mm, forewing length 4.0–
<quantity id="48490CC3DF01FF8FFC47F9D8FB93F9CA" box="[962,1046,1575,1602]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
(n = 5, in
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFB01F9D8FAD3F9CA" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[1156,1366,1575,1602]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">
Grubbs
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFB58F9D7FA91F9C9" box="[1245,1300,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). Four 4-branched cervical gills are present; each gill complex is comprised of three well-developed medial branches and one reduced lateral branch (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFE56F990FDB3F901" box="[467,566,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 163</figureCitation>
). L:MW ratios are 6.3–6.5 for three medial branches and 2.1 for the singular lateral branch (
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFECCF96CFDABF926" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[329,558,1683,1710]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">
Grubbs
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFE2CF96BFE63F925" box="[425,486,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). Cerci simple and unmodified (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFC2BF96CFB91F925" box="[942,1044,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 161</figureCitation>
). Paraprocts with two sclerotized lobes; inner lobes short and thin, outer lobe broadly quadrate. Epiproct recurved over 10
<superScript id="78C40C6EDF01FF8FFBFBF948FB0EF94D" attach="left" box="[1150,1163,1719,1733]" fontSize="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">th</superScript>
tergite (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFB6CF948FA0AF959" box="[1257,1423,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs. 161–162</figureCitation>
); broadest basally and slightly tapering to a rounded apex in dorsal view, revealing the narrowly-triangular shaped membranous area (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFEF0F900FE5FF891" box="[373,474,1791,1817]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 161</figureCitation>
); inner member lined with a row of laterally-directed spines except at apex (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFAE1F900FF78F8B5" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs. 161–162</figureCitation>
); subtriangular in shape in lateral view, showing the broadly-rounded membranous structure mesally (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFAEAF8DCFF40F8E9" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 162</figureCitation>
); dorsal sclerite larger than the ventral sclerite in lateral view, the two structures run ca. parallel from base nearly to mid-point (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFEB7F894FE11F80D" box="[306,404,1899,1925]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 162</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF01FF8FFF42F86FFA18F879" blockId="45.[151,1437,1539,2034]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFF42F86FFEA0F822" bold="true" box="[199,293,1936,1962]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Female.</emphasis>
Macropterous. Body length 7.0–8.0 mm, forewing length 5.5–6.0 mm (n = 5, in
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF01FF8FFB3CF870FA14F822" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[1209,1425,1935,1962]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">
Grubbs
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF01FF8FFA91F86FFAC8F821" box="[1300,1357,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). Cervical gills same as male. The 7
<superScript id="78C40C6EDF01FF8FFD8CF84CFD93F849" attach="left" box="[521,534,1971,1985]" fontSize="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">th</superScript>
sternum is enlarged as a broadly rounded, subtriangular subgenital plate extending minimally to anterior margin of 8
<superScript id="78C40C6EDF01FF8FFD91F828FDA4F86D" attach="left" box="[532,545,2007,2021]" fontSize="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">th</superScript>
sternum (
<figureCitation id="178ABDA3DF01FF8FFD11F828FD7DF879" box="[660,760,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURES 161‒164" captionStartId="46.[152,270,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,346,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-122@46.[191,1397,345,1159]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURES 161‒164. Zapada fumosa. 161, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, male terminalia, dorsal view; 162, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, epiproct, lateral view; 163, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, cervical gills, ventral view; 164, USA, Virginia, Lewis Fork, subgenital plate, ventral view. c = cercus, ds = dorsal sclerite, imb = inner medial branch, lb = lateral branch, ma = membranous area, mmb = medial medial branch, omb = outer medial branch, sgp = subgenital plate, vs = ventral sclerite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8054384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8054384/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 164</figureCitation>
); posterior margin of 8
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sternum slightly concave medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF02FF8CFF42FF68FB80FF5D" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFF42FF68FE92FF39" bold="true" box="[199,279,151,177]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Larva.</emphasis>
Undescribed. Adult gill characteristics of
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF02FF8CFD78FF68FCD6FF39" authorityName="Ricker" authorityYear="1952" box="[765,851,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Nemouridae" genus="Zapada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFD78FF68FCD6FF39" box="[765,851,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Zapada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, are identical to those in the larval stage. This should permit positive identification of larva of this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF02FF8CFCFDFF44FC7CFF5D" author="Stark, B. P." box="[888,1017,187,213]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="161 - 247" refId="ref34801" refString="Stark, B. P. (2017) Chapter 3 Plecoptera. In: Morse, J. C., McCafferty, W. P., Stark, B. P. &amp; Jacobus, L. M. (Eds.), Larvae of the southeastern USA mayfly, stonefly, and caddisfly species (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera). Biota of South Carolina. Chapter 9. Clemson University Public Service Publishing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, pp. 161 - 247." type="book chapter" year="2017">Stark 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7ABF2ADDF02FF8CFF42FF21FAC0FEC9" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8F0EA126DF02FF8CFF42FF21FAC0FEC9" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFF42FF21FECAFF70" bold="true" box="[199,335,222,248]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF02FF8CFEDCFF20FD8CFF71" authorityName="Baumann &amp; Grubbs 2015:" authorityYear="1315" box="[345,521,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nemouridae" genus="Zapada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumosa">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFEDCFF20FD8CFF71" box="[345,521,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Zapada fumosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in the southern Appalachian Highlands region from southwestern
<collectingRegion id="4D756FC4DF02FF8CFF12FEFCFF70FE95" box="[151,245,259,285]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Virginia</collectingRegion>
, east
<collectingRegion id="4D756FC4DF02FF8CFEB6FEFCFE2CFE95" box="[307,425,259,285]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
, and western
<collectingRegion id="4D756FC4DF02FF8CFDC7FEFCFD6BFE95" box="[578,750,259,285]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
, known mainly from streams draining remnant boreal forests of red spruce (
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF02FF8CFEBFFED8FDF5FEC9" authority="Sargent, 1898" authorityName="Sargent" authorityYear="1898" box="[314,624,295,321]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFEBFFED8FE49FEC9" box="[314,460,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Picea rubens</emphasis>
Sargent, 1898
</taxonomicName>
) and Frasier fir (
<taxonomicName id="48B1DAA5DF02FF8CFCABFED8FBC9FEC9" authority="Pursh, 1817" authorityName="Pursh" authorityYear="1817" box="[814,1100,295,321]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraseri">
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFCABFED8FC3BFEC9" box="[814,958,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Abies fraseri</emphasis>
Pursh, 1817
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EB20DCD7DF02FF8CFBE7FED8FABFFEC9" author="Grubbs, S. A. &amp; Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A." box="[1122,1338,294,321]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1312 - 1323" refId="ref32574" refString="Grubbs, S. A., Baumann, R. W. &amp; Sheldon, A. L (2015) A review of eastern Nearctic Zapada with a new species from the Great Smoky Mountains (Plecoptera, Nemouridae). Freshwater Science, 34, 1312 - 1323. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 683037" type="journal article" year="2015">
Grubbs
<emphasis id="BDC57D34DF02FF8CFB3BFED8FB73FEC9" box="[1214,1270,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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