treatments-xml/data/03/9E/87/039E8793FFE5FF86FF79FBF188ECD770.xml

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<mods:title id="65AAD4A7BE4A1C336792EC44CC2EA8C8">Revision of the Afrotropical species of Gonatopus group 3 (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), with description of a new species from Ghana</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F152B2A52BE9D46A5D7A5783FA195AD2">Guglielmino, Adalgisa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8782BA98309B604AD7BE2270CA3CC9F5">Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100 Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EC22AA21D20285B3C849E39A6265EC8D">Olmi, Massimo</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0C081E9FFE5FF86FF79FBF18899D43E" bold="true" box="[151,456,1102,1128]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FF79FBF18899D43E" ID-CoL="8VXXM" authority="Ljungh, 1810" authorityName="Ljungh" authorityYear="1810" box="[151,456,1102,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Gonatopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF79FBF1884AD43E" bold="true" box="[151,283,1102,1128]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Gonatopus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF79FB298857D4FD" box="[151,262,1174,1195]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Gonatopus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FEE2FB2A8895D4FD" author="Ljungh" box="[268,452,1173,1195]" page="161" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="1810">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FEE2FB2A88C3D4FD" author="Ljungh" box="[268,402,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Ljungh, S. J. (1810) Gonatopus, novum insectorum genus. Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 2, 161 - 163." type="journal article" year="1810">Ljungh 1810</bibRefCitation>
: 161
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; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FE21FB2A8B34D4FD" author="Olmi" box="[463,613,1173,1195]" page="77" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FE21FB2A8B6ED4FD" author="Olmi" box="[463,575,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Olmi, M. (1993) A new generic classification for Thaumatodryininae, Dryininae and Gonatopodinae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Dryinidae). Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Series II, 25, 57 - 89." type="journal article" year="1993">Olmi 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 77
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FD9EFB298A66D4FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6498779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6498779" author="Xu" box="[624,823,1173,1195]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8860B7578F2FFEA748A7550FFD2CFB94" page="354" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FD9EFB298A54D4FD" author="Xu" box="[624,773,1173,1195]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Xu, Z., Olmi, M. &amp; He, J. (2013) Dryinidae of the Oriental region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3614 (1), 1 - 460. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3614.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Xu 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FD7BFB298B93D4FD" box="[661,706,1173,1195]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 354
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF79FB0B8BFED4BE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1173,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2711ABFFE5FF86FF79FB0B8A11D49C" box="[151,832,1204,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FF79FB0B8B52D49C" authority="R. Perkins 1907: 33" authorityName="R. Perkins" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,515,1204,1226]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Agonatopoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF79FB0B887ED49C" box="[151,303,1204,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Agonatopoides</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FED8FB0A8B52D49C" author="Perkins" box="[310,515,1204,1226]" page="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="1907">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FED8FB0A888ED49C" author="Perkins" box="[310,479,1204,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Perkins, R. C. L. (1907) Parasites of leaf-hoppers. Report of Work of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, Division of Entomology, Bulletin, No. 4, 5 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1907">R. Perkins 1907</bibRefCitation>
: 33
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</taxonomicName>
(synonymized by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FD2CFB0B8A62D49C" author="Olmi" box="[706,819,1204,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Olmi, M. (1993) A new generic classification for Thaumatodryininae, Dryininae and Gonatopodinae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Dryinidae). Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Series II, 25, 57 - 89." type="journal article" year="1993">Olmi 1993</bibRefCitation>
);
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<typeStatus id="548C8827FFE5FF86FCA9FB0A8A22D49C" box="[839,883,1205,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FC3CFB0B8CC9D49C" authority="R. Perkins 1907" authorityName="R. Perkins" authorityYear="1907" box="[978,1432,1204,1226]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Agonatopoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="synchromus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FC3CFB0B8DB8D49C" box="[978,1257,1204,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Agonatopoides synchromus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FB1FFB0A8CC9D49C" author="Perkins" box="[1265,1432,1204,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Perkins, R. C. L. (1907) Parasites of leaf-hoppers. Report of Work of the Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, Division of Entomology, Bulletin, No. 4, 5 - 59." type="book chapter" year="1907">R. Perkins 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FEB5FB6D8B5AD4BE" author="Olmi" box="[347,523,1234,1256]" page="1310" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FEB5FB6D889AD4BE" author="Olmi" box="[347,459,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, 1 - 1913." type="journal article" year="1984">Olmi 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 1310
</treatmentCitation>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0A961094FFE5FF86FDFBFB6D8BFAD4BE" author="Olmi" box="[533,683,1234,1256]" page="78" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FDFBFB6D8BD7D4BE" author="Olmi" box="[533,646,1234,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Olmi, M. (1993) A new generic classification for Thaumatodryininae, Dryininae and Gonatopodinae, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera Dryinidae). Bollettino di Zoologia agraria e di Bachicoltura, Series II, 25, 57 - 89." type="journal article" year="1993">Olmi 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 78
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EFFE5FF86FF79FAAA8A2DD578" box="[151,892,1301,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF79FAAA8A2DD578" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" box="[151,892,1301,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF79FAAA887AD578" bold="true" box="[151,299,1301,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<typeStatus id="548C8827FFE5FF86FF79FAAA8983D578" box="[151,210,1301,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FED7FAA98B87D578" authority="Ljungh 1810" authorityName="Ljungh" authorityYear="1810" box="[313,726,1301,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Gonatopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formicarius">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FED7FAA98B6FD57B" box="[313,574,1301,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Gonatopus formicarius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FDAAFAAA8B87D578" author="Ljungh" box="[580,726,1301,1326]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Ljungh, S. J. (1810) Gonatopus, novum insectorum genus. Beitrage zur Naturkunde, 2, 161 - 163." type="journal article" year="1810">Ljungh 1810</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EFFE5FF86FF29FA868CD6D650" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF29FA868CD6D650" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF29FA86886BD504" bold="true" box="[199,314,1337,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FEA6FA8688CDD507" box="[328,412,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Female</emphasis>
: apterous or rarely fully winged; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; antenna with or without rhinaria; pronotum crossed or not by transverse furrow; enlarged claw with distal apex pointed and with one large or small subapical tooth (occasionally subapical tooth absent, then enlarged claw with distal group of lamellae); in fully winged forms, segment 5 of protarsus with more than 20 lamellae; tibial spurs 1/0/1. 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FAF1FA1A8C08D5EB" box="[1311,1369,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Male</emphasis>
: fully winged; occipital carina absent or incomplete (in this last case, only present behind and shortly on sides of posterior ocelli); occiput concave; temple present; palpal formula 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, or 6/3; tibial spurs 1/1/2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EFFE5FF86FF29F9AE88F0D6EC" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF29F9AE88BAD67C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" box="[199,491,1553,1578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF29F9AE8808D67C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1553,1578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Distribution</emphasis>
. Worldwide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF29F98A8C48D624" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF29F98A885BD618" bold="true" box="[199,266,1589,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Hosts</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FEF6F98A88ECD618" box="[280,445,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Acanaloniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acanaloniidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FE27F98A8B04D618" box="[457,597,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
(except 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FD59F98A8A31D618" box="[695,864,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Typhlocybinae">Typhlocybinae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FC85F98A8ABDD618" box="[875,1004,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Idiocerinae">Idiocerinae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FC16F98A8DDCD618" box="[1016,1165,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Macropsinae">Macropsinae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FB4EF98A8C7ED618" box="[1184,1327,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Delphacidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FAD5F98A8CC9D618" box="[1339,1432,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Flatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Flatidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FF79F9E689B9D624" box="[151,232,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Issidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Issidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FF1DF9E6882DD624" box="[243,380,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Lophopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lophopidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FE68F9E68B79D624" box="[390,552,1625,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Tropiduchidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tropiduchidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FDD9F9E68A34D624" author="Guglielmino" box="[567,869,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Guglielmino, A. &amp; Olmi, M. (1997) A host - parasite catalog of world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Contributions on Entomology, International, 2 (2), 165 - 298." type="journal article" year="1997">Guglielmino &amp; Olmi 1997</bibRefCitation>
, 2006, 2007; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FC10F9E68C5FD624" author="Guglielmino" box="[1022,1294,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Guglielmino, A., Olmi, M. &amp; Buckle, C. (2013) An updated host - parasite catalog of world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3740 (1), 1 - 115. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3740.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Guglielmino 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FB7CF9E58D92D627" box="[1170,1219,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF29F9C288F0D6EC" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF29F9C28824D6C0" bold="true" box="[199,373,1661,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">World species.</emphasis>
Four hundred and forty-one species are known (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FC72F9C28D29D6C0" author="Olmi" box="[924,1144,1661,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Olmi, M. &amp; Virla, E. G. (2014) Dryinidae of the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3792 (1), 1 - 534. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3792.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Olmi &amp; Virla 2014</bibRefCitation>
), a hundred and eleven in the Afrotropical region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D650EFFE5FF86FF29F97A88ECD770" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B883685FFE5FF86FF29F97A88ECD770" blockId="1.[151,1437,1301,1830]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FF29F97A8865D688" bold="true" box="[199,308,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
. Larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C374D06FFE5FF86FE39F9798B03D68B" box="[471,594,1734,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Dryinidae" genus="Gonatopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FE39F9798B03D68B" box="[471,594,1734,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">Gonatopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FCB5F97A8D04D688" author="Ponomarenko" box="[859,1109,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Ponomarenko, N. G. (1975) [Characteristics of larval development in the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera)]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 54, 534 - 540. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1975">Ponomarenko (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FB83F97A8CC6D688" box="[1133,1431,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Carcupino, M., Guglielmino, A., Mazzini, M. &amp; Olmi, M., (1998) Morphology and ultrastructure of the cephalic vesicles in two species of the Gonatopus genus: Gonatopus camelinus Kieffer and Gonatopus clavipes (Thunberg) (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae, Gonatopodinae). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 34, 177 - 186. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 07924259.1998.9652651" type="journal article">
Carcupino 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FB1AF9798C66D68B" box="[1268,1335,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FF79F95688BAD754" author="Guglielmino" box="[151,491,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Guglielmino, A. &amp; Virla, E. G. (1998) Postembryonic development of Gonatopus lunatus Klug (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae: Gonatopodinae), with remarks on its biology. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.), 34 (3), 321 - 333." type="journal article" year="1998">Guglielmino and Virla (1998)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FE16F9568A60D754" author="Virla" box="[504,817,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Virla, E. G. &amp; Mangione, S. (2000) Morfologia de los estados preimaginales de Gonatopus chilensis y consideraciones sobre las estructuras relacionadas a la nutricion de sus larvas inmaduras (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Dryinidae). Neotropica, 46, 37 - 49." type="journal article" year="2000">Virla and Mangione (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FCD0F9568D70D754" author="Guglielmino" box="[830,1057,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Guglielmino, A. (2002) Modalita di alimentazione delle larve immature dei Dryinidae (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea): stato delle conoscenze e nuovi reperti. Bollettino dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, 35 (361), 559 - 569." type="journal article" year="2002">Guglielmino (2002)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B74FFE5FF86FBC0F9568C36D754" author="Mangione" box="[1070,1383,1769,1794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="36" refString="Mangione, S. &amp; Virla, E. G. (2004) Morfologia de los estadios preimaginales de Gonatopus bonaerensis, y consideraciones sobre la morfologia interna de sus larvas inmaduras (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae). Acta zoologica Lilloana, 48 (1 - 2), 91 - 102." type="journal article" year="2004">Mangione and Virla (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, and Guglielmino 
<emphasis id="B943EA97FFE5FF86FEC5F8B18835D773" box="[299,356,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="36">et al.</emphasis>
(2006).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>